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Moullan N, Asiago J, Stecco K, Hadi S, Albizem M, Tieu H, Hock B, Fenwick C, Lin K, Lengsfeld T, Poffenbarger L, Liu D, Trono D, Pantaleo G, Venkayya R, Bhuyan P. A First-in-Human Randomized Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Neutralization Profile of Two Investigational Long-Acting Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibodies. Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:173-187. [PMID: 38221576 PMCID: PMC10828317 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-023-00908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 remains a significant risk for the immunocompromised given their lower responsiveness to vaccination or infection. Therefore, passive immunity through long-acting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) offers a needed approach for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Our study evaluated safety, anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity, nasal penetration, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of two half-life-extended investigational mAbs, AER001 and AER002, providing the first demonstration of upper airway penetration of mAbs with the LS-modification. METHODS This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase I study enrolled healthy adults (n = 80) who received two long-acting COVID mAbs (AER001 and AER002), AER002 alone, or placebo. The dose ranged from 100 mg (mg) to 1200 mg per mAb component. The primary objective was to describe the safety and tolerability following intravenous (IV) administration. Secondary objectives were to describe PK, anti-drug antibodies (ADA), neutralization activity levels, and safety evaluation through 6 months of follow-up. RESULTS The majority (97.6%) of the reported adverse events (AE) post administration were of grade 1 severity. There were no serious adverse events (SAE) or ADAs. AER001 and AER002 successfully achieved an extended half-life of 105 days and 97.5 days, respectively. Participants receiving AER001 and AER002 (300 mg each) or AER002 (300 mg) alone showed 15- and 26-fold higher neutralization levels against D614G and omicron BA.1 than the placebo group 24 h post-administration. Single 300 or 1200 mg IV dose of AER001 and AER002 resulted in nasal mucosa transudation of approximately 2.5% and 2.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION AER001 and AER002 showed an acceptable safety profile and extended half-life. High serum neutralization activity was observed against D614G and Omicron BA.1 compared to the placebo group. These data support that LS-modified mAbs can achieve durability, safety, potency, and upper airway tissue penetration and will guide the development of the next generation of mAbs for COVID-19 prevention and treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION EudraCT Number 2022-001709-35 (COV-2022-001).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Björn Hock
- Lavaux Biotech Consulting, Yens, Switzerland
| | | | - Kai Lin
- Aerium Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - David Liu
- Aerium Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Didier Trono
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Devaiah SP, Owens DK, Sibhatu MB, Sarkar TR, Strong CL, Mallampalli VKPS, Asiago J, Cooke J, Kiser S, Lin Z, Wamucho A, Hayford D, Williams BE, Loftis P, Berhow M, Pike LM, McIntosh CA. Identification, Recombinant Expression, and Biochemical Analysis of Putative Secondary Product Glucosyltransferases from Citrus paradisi. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:1957-1969. [PMID: 26888166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoid and limonoid glycosides influence taste properties as well as marketability of Citrus fruit and products, particularly grapefruit. In this work, nine grapefruit putative natural product glucosyltransferases (PGTs) were resolved by either using degenerate primers against the semiconserved PSPG box motif, SMART-RACE RT-PCR, and primer walking to full-length coding regions; screening a directionally cloned young grapefruit leaf EST library; designing primers against sequences from other Citrus species; or identifying PGTs from Citrus contigs in the harvEST database. The PGT proteins associated with the identified full-length coding regions were recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli and/or Pichia pastoris and then tested for activity with a suite of substrates including flavonoid, simple phenolic, coumarin, and/or limonoid compounds. A number of these compounds were eliminated from the predicted and/or potential substrate pool for the identified PGTs. Enzyme activity was detected in some instances with quercetin and catechol glucosyltransferase activities having been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivakumar P Devaiah
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Daniel K Owens
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture , P.O. Box 1848, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Mebrahtu B Sibhatu
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Tapasree Roy Sarkar
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Christy L Strong
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Venkata K P S Mallampalli
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Josephat Asiago
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Jennifer Cooke
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Starla Kiser
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Zhangfan Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Anye Wamucho
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Deborah Hayford
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Bruce E Williams
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Peri Loftis
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Mark Berhow
- Functional Foods Research Unit, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture , Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - Lee M Pike
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
| | - Cecilia A McIntosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
- School of Graduate Studies, East Tennessee State University , P.O. Box 70720, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, United States
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