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Rupa D, Chuang HW, Hu CE, Su WM, Wu SR, Lee HS, Yuan TC. ACSL4 upregulates IFI44 and IFI44L expression and promotes the proliferation and invasiveness of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Cancer Sci 2024. [PMID: 38989827 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of cellular energy metabolism, including deregulated lipid metabolism, is a hallmark of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4), which catalyzes fatty acids to form fatty acyl-CoAs, is critical for synthesizing phospholipids or triglycerides. Despite the differing roles of ACSL4 in cancers, our data showed that ACSL4 was highly expressed in HNSCC tissues, positively correlating with poor survival rates in patients. Knockdown of ACSL4 in HNSCC cells led to reduced cell proliferation and invasiveness. RNA sequencing analyses identified interferon-induced protein 44 (IFI44) and interferon-induced protein 44-like (IFI44L), encoded by two interferon-stimulated genes, as potential effectors of ACSL4. Silencing IFI44 or IFI44L expression in HNSCC cells decreased cell proliferation and invasiveness. Manipulating ACSL4 expression or activity modulated the expression levels of JAK1, tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), interferon α (IFNα), IFNβ, and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), which regulate IFI44 and IFI44L expression. Knockdown of IRF1 reduced the expression of JAK1, TYK2, IFNα, IFNβ, IFI44, or IFI44L and diminished cell proliferation and invasiveness. Our results suggest that ACSL4 upregulates interferon signaling, enhancing IFI44 and IFI44L expression and promoting HNSCC cell proliferation and invasiveness. Thus, ACSL4 could serve as a novel therapeutic target for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Rupa
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hao-Wen Chuang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-En Hu
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Min Su
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shiou-Rong Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Herng-Sheng Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ta-Chun Yuan
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
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Gao F, Tom E, Rydz C, Cho W, Kolesnikov AV, Sha Y, Papadam A, Jafari S, Joseph A, Ahanchi A, Saraei NBS, Lyon D, Foik A, Nie Q, Grassmann F, Kefalov VJ, Skowronska-Krawczyk D. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid - mediated Cellular Rejuvenation for Reversing Age-related Vision Decline. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.01.601592. [PMID: 39005302 PMCID: PMC11244954 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.01.601592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The retina is uniquely enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are primarily localized in cell membranes, where they govern membrane biophysical properties such as diffusion, permeability, domain formation, and curvature generation. During aging, alterations in lipid metabolism lead to reduced content of very long-chain PUFAs (VLC-PUFAs) in the retina, and this decline is associated with normal age-related visual decline and pathological age-related macular degeneration (AMD). ELOVL2 (Elongation of very-long-chain fatty acids-like 2) encodes a transmembrane protein that produces precursors to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and VLC-PUFAs, and methylation level of its promoter is currently the best predictor of chronological age. Here, we show that mice lacking ELOVL2-specific enzymatic activity ( Elovl2 C234W ) have impaired contrast sensitivity and slower rod response recovery following bright light exposure. Intravitreal supplementation with the direct product of ELOVL2, 24:5n-3, in aged animals significantly improved visual function and reduced accumulation of ApoE, HTRA1 and complement proteins in sub-RPE deposits. At the molecular level, the gene expression pattern observed in retinas supplemented with 24:5n-3 exhibited a partial rejuvenation profile, including decreased expression of aging-related genes and a transcriptomic signature of younger retina. Finally, we present the first human genetic data showing significant association of several variants in the human ELOVL2 locus with the onset of intermediate AMD, underlying the translational significance of our findings. In sum, our study identifies novel therapeutic opportunities and defines ELOVL2 as a promising target for interventions aimed at preventing age-related vision loss.
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Yu Z, Qiao X, Yu S, Gu X, Jin Y, Tang C, Niu J, Wang L, Song L. The involvement of interferon regulatory factor 8 in regulating the proliferation of haemocytes in oyster Crassostrea gigas. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 156:105172. [PMID: 38537730 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is an important transcriptional regulatory factor involving in multiple biological process, such as the antiviral immune response, immune cell proliferation and differentiation. In the present study, the involvement of a previously identified IRF8 homologue (CgIRF8) in regulating haemocyte proliferation of oyster were further investigated. CgIRF8 mRNA transcripts were detectable in all the stages of C. gigas larvae with the highest level in D-veliger (1.76-fold of that in zygote, p < 0.05). Its mRNA transcripts were also detected in all the three haemocyte subpopulations of adult oysters with the highest expression in granulocytes (2.79-fold of that in agranulocytes, p < 0.01). After LPS stimulation, the mRNA transcripts of CgIRF8 in haemocytes significantly increased at 12 h and 48 h, which were 2.04-fold and 1.65-fold (p < 0.05) of that in control group, respectively. Meanwhile, the abundance of CgIRF8 protein in the haemocytes increased significantly at 12 h after LPS stimulation (1.71-fold of that in seawater, p < 0.05). The immunofluorescence assay and Western blot showed that LPS stimulation induced an obvious nucleus translocation of CgIRF8 protein in haemocytes. After the expression of CgIRF8 was inhibited by the injection of CgIRF8 siRNA, the percentage of EdU positive haemocytes, the proportion of granulocytes, and the mRNA expression levels of CgGATA and CgSCL all declined significantly at 12 h after LPS stimulation, which was 0.64-fold (p < 0.05), 0.7-fold (p < 0.05), 0.31-fold and 0.54-fold (p < 0.001) of that in the NC group, respectively. While the expression level of cell proliferation-related protein CgCDK2, CgCDC6, CgCDC45 and CgPCNA were significantly increased (1.99-fold, and 2.41-fold, 3.76-fold and 4.79-fold compared to that in the NC group respectively, p < 0.001). Dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that CgIRF8 was able to activate the CgGATA promoter in HEK293T cells after transfection of CgGATA and CgIRF8. These results collectively indicated that CgIRF8 promoted haemocyte proliferation by regulating the expression of CgGATA and other related genes in the immune response of oyster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Yu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Simiao Yu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yuhao Jin
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chunyu Tang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jixiang Niu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Paralkar VR. Transcription factor regulation of ribosomal RNA in hematopoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:199-206. [PMID: 38568093 PMCID: PMC11139577 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) are transcribed within nucleoli from rDNA repeats by RNA Polymerase I (Pol I). There is variation in rRNA transcription rates across the hematopoietic tree, and leukemic blast cells have prominent nucleoli, indicating abundant ribosome biogenesis. The mechanisms underlying these variations are poorly understood. The purpose of this review is to summarize findings of rDNA binding and Pol I regulation by hematopoietic transcription factors. RECENT FINDINGS Our group recently used custom genome assemblies optimized for human and mouse rDNA mapping to map nearly 2200 ChIP-Seq datasets for nearly 250 factors to rDNA, allowing us to identify conserved occupancy patterns for multiple transcription factors. We confirmed known rDNA occupancy of MYC and RUNX factors, and identified new binding sites for CEBP factors, IRF factors, and SPI1 at canonical motif sequences. We also showed that CEBPA degradation rapidly leads to reduced Pol I occupancy and nascent rRNA in mouse myeloid cells. SUMMARY We propose that a number of hematopoietic transcription factors bind rDNA and potentially regulate rRNA transcription. Our model has implications for normal and malignant hematopoiesis. This review summarizes the literature, and outlines experimental considerations to bear in mind while dissecting transcription factor roles on rDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram R. Paralkar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Jiao Z, Li W, Xiang C, Li D, Huang W, Nie P, Huang B. IRF11 synergizes with STAT1 and STAT2 to promote type I IFN production. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 150:109656. [PMID: 38801844 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 11 (IRF11), a fish specific member of IRF family, is a transcription factor known for its positive role in teleost antiviral defense by regulating IFN expression. Despite its recognized function, the precise mechanism of IRF11 in type I IFNs production remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified IRF11 in Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, (AjIRF11) and determined its involvement in the later phase of fish IFN production. Our results demonstrate that IRF11-induced IFN production operates through ISRE binding. Mutations in each ISRE site within the promoter of AjIFN2 or AjIFN4 abolished IRF11-mediated activation of IFN promoters. In addition, the overexpression of AjIRF11 does not significantly impact the activation of AjIFN promoters induced by RLR-related signaling pathway proteins. Furthermore, IRF11-knockdown in ZFLs (zebrafish liver cells) has no effect on the RLRs-induced expression of zebrafish IFN-φ1 and IFN-φ3, indicating that IRF11 is not involved in the RLR-mediated IFN production. However, AjIRF11 can form transcription complexes with AjSTAT1 or AjSTAT2, or form homo- or heterodimers with AjIRF1 to stimulate the transcription of type I IFNs. Overall, it is shown in this study that IRF11 can act synergistically with STAT1 and/or STAT2 for the induction of IFN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Jiao
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Wenxing Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Chao Xiang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - DongLi Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Wenshu Huang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, PR China
| | - Pin Nie
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, PR China
| | - Bei Huang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, PR China.
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He HX, Guo HY, Liu BS, Zhang N, Zhu KC, Zhang DC. Two IFNa3s mediate the regulation of IRF9 in the process of infection with Streptococcus iniae in yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus (Hottuyn, 1782). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 156:105167. [PMID: 38574830 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
IRF9 can play an antibacterial role by regulating the type I interferon (IFN) pathway. Streptococcus iniae can cause many deaths of yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus in pond farming. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of type I IFN signalling by A. latus IRF9 (AlIRF9) against S. iniae remains elucidated. In our study, AlIRF9 has a total cDNA length of 3200 bp and contains a 1311 bp ORF encoding a presumed 436 amino acids (aa). The genomic DNA sequence of AlIRF9 has nine exons and eight introns, and AlIRF9 was expressed in various tissues, containing the stomach, spleen, brain, skin, and liver, among which the highest expression was in the spleen. Moreover, AlIRF9 transcriptions in the spleen, liver, kidney, and brain were increased by S. iniae infection. By overexpression of AlIRF9, AlIRF9 is shown as a whole-cell distribution, mainly concentrated in the nucleus. Moreover, the promoter fragments of -415 to +192 bp and -311 to +196 bp were regarded as core sequences from two AlIFNa3s. The point mutation analyses verified that AlIFNa3 and AlIFNa3-like transcriptions are dependent on both M3 sites with AlIRF9. In addition, AlIRF9 could greatly reduce two AlIFNa3s and interferon signalling factors expressions. These results showed that in A. latus, both AlIFNa3 and AlIFNa3-like can mediate the regulation of AlIRF9 in the process of infection with S. iniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xi He
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
| | - Hua-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 510300, China.
| | - Bao-Suo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 510300, China.
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 510300, China.
| | - Ke-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 510300, China.
| | - Dian-Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 510300, China.
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7
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Jiang F, Xu C, Fan X, Yang S, Fan W, Li M, Song J, Wei W, Chen H, Zhong D, Li G. MyD88 Inhibition Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury by Regulating the Inflammatory Response and Reducing Blood-brain Barrier Damage. Neuroscience 2024; 549:121-137. [PMID: 38754722 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), a downstream molecule directly linked to Toll-like receptor (TLRs) and IL1 receptor, has been implicated in ischemia-reperfusion injury across various organs. However, its role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) remains unclear. Five transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We screened these datasets for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the GSE35338 and GSE58720 datasets and performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) using the GSE30655, GSE28731, and GSE32529 datasets to identify the core module related to tMCAO. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the intersecting DEGs and genes in the core module. Finally, we identified Myd88 was the core gene. In addition, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) validated that TNFα, IL17, and MyD88 signaling pathways were significantly enriched in tMCAO. Subsequently, we investigated the mechanistic role of MyD88 in the tMCAO model using male C57BL/6 mice. MyD88 expression increased significantly 24 h after reperfusion. After intraperitoneal administration of TJ-M2010-5, a MyD88-specific inhibitor, during reperfusion, the infarction volumes in the mice were ameliorated. TJ-M2010-5 inhibits the activation of microglia and astrocytes. Moreover, it attenuates the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL17, and MMP9 while preserving the expression level of ZO1 after tMCAO, thereby safeguarding against blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Finally, our findings suggest that MyD88 regulates the IRAK4/IRF5 signaling pathway associated with microglial activation. MyD88 participates in CIRI by regulating the inflammatory response and BBB damage following tMCAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangchao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuehui Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jihe Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wan Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Di Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China.
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Chen R, Zhang Z, Ma J, Liu B, Huang Z, Hu G, Huang J, Xu Y, Wang GZ. Circadian-driven tissue specificity is constrained under caloric restricted feeding conditions. Commun Biol 2024; 7:752. [PMID: 38902439 PMCID: PMC11190204 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue specificity is a fundamental property of an organ that affects numerous biological processes, including aging and longevity, and is regulated by the circadian clock. However, the distinction between circadian-affected tissue specificity and other tissue specificities remains poorly understood. Here, using multi-omics data on circadian rhythms in mice, we discovered that approximately 35% of tissue-specific genes are directly affected by circadian regulation. These circadian-affected tissue-specific genes have higher expression levels and are associated with metabolism in hepatocytes. They also exhibit specific features in long-reads sequencing data. Notably, these genes are associated with aging and longevity at both the gene level and at the network module level. The expression of these genes oscillates in response to caloric restricted feeding regimens, which have been demonstrated to promote longevity. In addition, aging and longevity genes are disrupted in various circadian disorders. Our study indicates that the modulation of circadian-affected tissue specificity is essential for understanding the circadian mechanisms that regulate aging and longevity at the genomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renrui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ziang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhengyun Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ganlu Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ju Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Guang-Zhong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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9
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Qing F, Sui L, He W, Chen Y, Xu L, He L, Xiao Q, Guo T, Liu Z. IRF7 Exacerbates Candida albicans Infection by Compromising CD209-Mediated Phagocytosis and Autophagy-Mediated Killing in Macrophages. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1932-1944. [PMID: 38709167 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
IFN regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) exerts anti-infective effects by promoting the production of IFNs in various bacterial and viral infections, but its role in highly morbid and fatal Candida albicans infections is unknown. We unexpectedly found that Irf7 gene expression levels were significantly upregulated in tissues or cells after C. albicans infection in humans and mice and that IRF7 actually exacerbates C. albicans infection in mice independent of its classical function in inducing IFNs production. Compared to controls, Irf7-/- mice showed stronger phagocytosis of fungus, upregulation of C-type lectin receptor CD209 expression, and enhanced P53-AMPK-mTOR-mediated autophagic signaling in macrophages after C. albicans infection. The administration of the CD209-neutralizing Ab significantly hindered the phagocytosis of Irf7-/- mouse macrophages, whereas the inhibition of p53 or autophagy impaired the killing function of these macrophages. Thus, IRF7 exacerbates C. albicans infection by compromising the phagocytosis and killing capacity of macrophages via regulating CD209 expression and p53-AMPK-mTOR-mediated autophagy, respectively. This finding reveals a novel function of IRF7 independent of its canonical IFNs production and its unexpected role in enhancing fungal infections, thus providing more specific and effective targets for antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Qing
- School of Basic Medicine; Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi
| | - Lina Sui
- School of Basic Medicine; Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi
| | - Wenji He
- School of Basic Medicine; Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi
- School of Graduate, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning
| | - Yayun Chen
- School of Basic Medicine; Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi
- School of Graduate, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning
| | - Li Xu
- Center for Scientific Research, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liangmei He
- School of Graduate, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiuxiang Xiao
- School of Graduate, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianfu Guo
- School of Basic Medicine; Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi
| | - Zhiping Liu
- School of Basic Medicine; Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi
- Center for Scientific Research, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Center for Immunology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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10
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Sun Z, Hu Y, Qu J, Zhao Q, Gao H, Peng Z. Identification of apoptosis-immune-related gene signature and construction of diagnostic model for sepsis based on single-cell sequencing and bulk transcriptome analysis. Front Genet 2024; 15:1389630. [PMID: 38894720 PMCID: PMC11183325 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1389630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sepsis leads to multi-organ dysfunction due to disorders of the host response to infections, which makes diagnosis and prognosis challenging. Apoptosis, a classic programmed cell death, contributes to the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, there is much uncertainty about its mechanism in sepsis. Methods Three sepsis gene expression profiles (GSE65682, GSE13904, and GSE26378) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Apoptosis-related genes were obtained from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway database. We utilized LASSO regression and SVM-RFE algorithms to identify characteristic genes associated with sepsis. CIBERSORT and single cell sequencing analysis were employed to explore the potential relationship between hub genes and immune cell infiltration. The diagnostic capability of hub genes was validated across multiple external datasets. Subsequently, the animal sepsis model was established to assess the expression levels of hub genes in distinct target organs through RT-qPCR and Immunohistochemistry analysis. Results We identified 11 apoptosis-related genes as characteristic diagnostic markers for sepsis: CASP8, VDAC2, CHMP1A, CHMP5, FASLG, IFNAR1, JAK1, JAK3, STAT4, IRF9, and BCL2. Subsequently, a prognostic model was constructed using LASSO regression with BCL2, FASLG, IRF9 and JAK3 identified as hub genes. Apoptosis-related genes were closely associated with the immune response during the sepsis process. Furthermore, in the validation datasets, aside from IRF9, other hub genes demonstrated similar expression patterns and diagnostic abilities as observed in GSE65682 dataset. In the mouse model, the expression differences of hub genes between sepsis and control group revealed the potential impacts on sepsis-induced organ injury. Conclusion The current findings indicated the participant of apoptosis in sepsis, and apoptosis-related differentially expressed genes could be used for diagnosis biomarkers. BCL2, FASLG, IRF9 and JAK3 might be key regulatory genes affecting apoptosis in sepsis. Our findings provided a novel aspect for further exploration of the pathological mechanisms in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiachen Qu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
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11
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Shao L, Srivastava R, Delgoffe GM, Thorne SH, Sarkar SN. An IRF2-Expressing Oncolytic Virus Changes the Susceptibility of Tumor Cells to Antitumor T Cells and Promotes Tumor Clearance. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:779-790. [PMID: 38517470 PMCID: PMC11150089 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) can promote antitumor immunity. However, we have shown previously that in the tumor cell, IRF1 can promote tumor growth, and IRF1-deficient tumor cells exhibit severely restricted tumor growth in several syngeneic mouse tumor models. Here, we investigate the potential of functionally modulating IRF1 to reduce tumor progression and prolong survival. Using inducible IRF1 expression, we established that it is possible to regulate IRF1 expression to modulate tumor progression in established B16-F10 tumors. Expression of IRF2, which is a functional antagonist of IRF1, downregulated IFNγ-induced expression of inhibitory ligands, upregulated MHC-related molecules, and slowed tumor growth and extended survival. We characterized the functional domain(s) of IRF2 needed for this antitumor activity, showing that a full-length IRF2 was required for its antitumor functions. Finally, using an oncolytic vaccinia virus as a delivery platform, we showed that IRF2-expressing vaccinia virus suppressed tumor progression and prolonged survival in multiple tumor models. These results suggest the potency of targeting IRF1 and using IRF2 to modulate immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Shao
- Cancer Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Rashmi Srivastava
- Cancer Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Greg M. Delgoffe
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Stephen H. Thorne
- Cancer Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
- KaliVir Immunotherapeutics, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Saumendra N. Sarkar
- Cancer Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
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12
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Wang Y, Xu X, Zhang A, Yang S, Li H. Role of alternative splicing in fish immunity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109601. [PMID: 38701992 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Alternative splicing serves as a pivotal source of complexity in the transcriptome and proteome, selectively connecting various coding elements to generate a diverse array of mRNAs. This process encodes multiple proteins with either similar or distinct functions, contributing significantly to the intricacies of cellular processes. The role of alternative splicing in mammalian immunity has been well studied. Remarkably, the immune system of fish shares substantial similarities with that of humans, and alternative splicing also emerges as a key player in the immune processes of fish. In this review, we offer an overview of alternative splicing and its associated functions in the immune processes of fish, and summarize the research progress on alternative splicing in the fish immunity. Furthermore, we review the impact of alternative splicing on the fish immune system's response to external stimuli. Finally, we present our perspectives on future directions in this field. Our aim is to provide valuable insights for the future investigations into the role of alternative splicing in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Hunan Fisheries Science Institute, Changsha, 410153, China
| | - Ailong Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shuaiqi Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Hongyan Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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13
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Kang Z, Wang C, Shao F, Deng H, Sun Y, Ren Z, Zhang W, Ding Z, Zhang J, Zang Y. The increase of long noncoding RNA Fendrr in hepatocytes contributes to liver fibrosis by promoting IL-6 production. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107376. [PMID: 38762176 PMCID: PMC11190708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis/cirrhosis is a pathological state caused by excessive extracellular matrix deposition. Sustained activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) is the predominant cause of liver fibrosis, but the detailed mechanism is far from clear. In this study, we found that long noncoding RNA Fendrr is exclusively increased in hepatocytes in the murine model of CCl4- and bile duct ligation-induced liver fibrosis, as well as in the biopsies of liver cirrhosis patients. In vivo, ectopic expression of Fendrr aggravated the severity of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice. In contrast, inhibiting Fendrr blockaded the activation of HSC and ameliorated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Our mechanistic study showed that Fendrr binds to STAT2 and enhances its enrichment in the nucleus, which then promote the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), and, ultimately, activates HSC in a paracrine manner. Accordingly, disrupting the interaction between Fendrr and STAT2 by ectopic expression of a STAT2 mutant attenuated the profibrotic response inspired by Fendrr in the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Notably, the increase of Fendrr in patient fibrotic liver is positively correlated with the severity of fibrosis and the expression of IL-6. Meanwhile, hepatic IL-6 positively correlates with the extent of liver fibrosis and HSC activation as well, thus suggesting a causative role of Fendrr in HSC activation and liver fibrosis. In conclusion, these observations identify an important regulatory cross talk between hepatocyte Fendrr and HSC activation in the progression of liver fibrosis, which might represent a potential strategy for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Chenqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Fang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Hao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (SKLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhengrong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Yuhui Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China.
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14
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Jang JH, Kim H, Kim HR, Cho JH. Rainbow trout DUBA inhibits type I interferon signaling by deubiquitinating TRAF3. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109581. [PMID: 38670412 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Deubiquitinating enzyme A (DUBA), a member of the ovarian tumor (OTU) subfamily of deubiquitinases (DUBs), is recognized for its negative regulatory role in type I interferon (IFN) expression downstream of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). However, its involvement in the TLR3 signaling pathway in fish remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the regulatory role of DUBA (OmDUBA) in the TLR3 response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). OmDUBA features a conserved OTU domain, and its expression increased in RTH-149 cells following stimulation with the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C). Gain- and loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that OmDUBA attenuated the activation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), resulting in a subsequent reduction in type I IFN expression and IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) activation in poly(I:C)-stimulated cells. OmDUBA interacted with TRAF3, a crucial mediator in TLR3-mediated type I IFN production. Under poly(I:C) stimulation, there was an augmentation in the K63-linked polyubiquitination of TRAF3, a process significantly inhibited upon OmDUBA overexpression. These findings suggest that OmDUBA may function similarly to its mammalian counterparts in downregulating the poly(I:C)-induced type I IFN response in rainbow trout by removing the K63-linked ubiquitin chain on TRAF3. Our study provides novel insights into the role of fish DUBA in antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hye Jang
- Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Ha Rang Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Cho
- Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea; Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea; Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
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15
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Xiao ZX, Liang R, Olsen N, Zheng SG. Roles of IRF4 in various immune cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112077. [PMID: 38615379 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is a member of IRF family of transcription factors which mainly regulates the transcription of IFN. IRF4 is restrictively expressed in immune cells such as T and B cells, macrophages, as well as DC. It is essential for the development and function of these cells. Since these cells take part in the homeostasis of the immune system and dysfunction of them contributes to the initiation and progress of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the roles of IRF4 in the SLE development becomes an important topic. Here we systemically discuss the biological characteristics of IRF4 in various immune cells and analyze the pathologic effects of IRF4 alteration in SLE and the potential targeting therapeutics of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Xiu Xiao
- Department of Immunology, the School of Cell and Gene Therapy, Songjiang Research Institute and Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China; Department of Clinical Immunology, the Third Affiliated Hospital at the Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Rongzhen Liang
- Department of Immunology, the School of Cell and Gene Therapy, Songjiang Research Institute and Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Nancy Olsen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Department of Immunology, the School of Cell and Gene Therapy, Songjiang Research Institute and Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China.
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16
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Yan S, Santoro A, Niphakis MJ, Pinto AM, Jacobs CL, Ahmad R, Suciu RM, Fonslow BR, Herbst-Graham RA, Ngo N, Henry CL, Herbst DM, Saghatelian A, Kahn BB, Rosen ED. Inflammation causes insulin resistance in mice via interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3)-mediated reduction in FAHFA levels. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4605. [PMID: 38816388 PMCID: PMC11139994 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity-induced inflammation causes metabolic dysfunction, but the mechanisms remain elusive. Here we show that the innate immune transcription factor interferon regulatory factor (IRF3) adversely affects glucose homeostasis through induction of the endogenous FAHFA hydrolase androgen induced gene 1 (AIG1) in adipocytes. Adipocyte-specific knockout of IRF3 protects male mice against high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance, whereas overexpression of IRF3 or AIG1 in adipocytes promotes insulin resistance on a high-fat diet. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of AIG1 reversed obesity-induced insulin resistance and restored glucose homeostasis in the setting of adipocyte IRF3 overexpression. We, therefore, identify the adipocyte IRF3/AIG1 axis as a crucial link between obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance and suggest an approach for limiting the metabolic dysfunction accompanying obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Anna Santoro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Micah J Niphakis
- Lundbeck La Jolla Research Center Inc., 10835 Road To The Cure Dr. #250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Antonio M Pinto
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037-1002, USA
| | - Christopher L Jacobs
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St., Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Radu M Suciu
- Lundbeck La Jolla Research Center Inc., 10835 Road To The Cure Dr. #250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Bryan R Fonslow
- Lundbeck La Jolla Research Center Inc., 10835 Road To The Cure Dr. #250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Rachel A Herbst-Graham
- Lundbeck La Jolla Research Center Inc., 10835 Road To The Cure Dr. #250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Nhi Ngo
- Lundbeck La Jolla Research Center Inc., 10835 Road To The Cure Dr. #250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Cassandra L Henry
- Lundbeck La Jolla Research Center Inc., 10835 Road To The Cure Dr. #250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Dylan M Herbst
- Lundbeck La Jolla Research Center Inc., 10835 Road To The Cure Dr. #250, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Alan Saghatelian
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037-1002, USA
| | - Barbara B Kahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 320 Charles St., Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Evan D Rosen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 320 Charles St., Cambridge, MA, 02141, USA.
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17
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Zheng Y, Wang S, Zhou X, Qiao S, Zhao X, Chen Y, Li Z, Li Z, Sun X, Tan S, He J, Gao GF. Single-cell multi-omics analysis revealing immune features of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024:S2095-9273(24)00388-8. [PMID: 38851910 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Shitong Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zijun Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Shuguang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jing He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - George F Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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18
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de Brot S, Cobb J, Alibhai AA, Jackson-Oxley J, Haque M, Patke R, Harris AE, Woodcock CL, Lothion-Roy J, Varun D, Thompson R, Gomes C, Kubale V, Dunning MD, Jeyapalan JN, Mongan NP, Rutland CS. Immunohistochemical Investigation into Protein Expression Patterns of FOXO4, IRF8 and LEF1 in Canine Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1945. [PMID: 38792023 PMCID: PMC11120020 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common type of primary bone malignancy in people and dogs. Our previous molecular comparisons of canine OSA against healthy bone resulted in the identification of differentially expressed protein-expressing genes (forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4), interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), and lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 (LEF1)). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and H-scoring provided semi-quantitative assessment of nuclear and cytoplasmic staining alongside qualitative data to contextualise staining (n = 26 patients). FOXO4 was expressed predominantly in the cytoplasm with significantly lower nuclear H-scores. IRF8 H-scores ranged from 0 to 3 throughout the cohort in the nucleus and cytoplasm. LEF1 was expressed in all patients with significantly lower cytoplasmic staining compared to nuclear. No sex or anatomical location differences were observed. While reduced levels of FOXO4 might indicate malignancy, the weak or absent protein expression limits its primary use as diagnostic tumour marker. IRF8 and LEF1 have more potential for prognostic and diagnostic uses and facilitate further understanding of their roles within their respective molecular pathways, including Wnt/beta-catenin/LEF1 signalling and differential regulation of tumour suppressor genes. Deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved in OSA are essential contributions towards the development of novel diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment options in human and veterinary medicine contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone de Brot
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
- Comparative Pathology Platform of the University of Bern (COMPATH), Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jack Cobb
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Aziza A. Alibhai
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Jorja Jackson-Oxley
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Maria Haque
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Rodhan Patke
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Anna E. Harris
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Corinne L. Woodcock
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Jennifer Lothion-Roy
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Dhruvika Varun
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Rachel Thompson
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Claudia Gomes
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
| | - Valentina Kubale
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Mark D. Dunning
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Solihull B90 4NH, UK
| | - Jennie N. Jeyapalan
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nigel P. Mongan
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Solihull B90 4NH, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10075, USA
| | - Catrin S. Rutland
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (S.d.B.); (J.C.); (A.A.A.); (J.J.-O.); (M.H.); (R.P.); (A.E.H.); (C.L.W.); (J.L.-R.); (D.V.); (R.T.); (C.G.); (M.D.D.); (J.N.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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19
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Amin ML, Mawad D, Dokos S, Sorrell CC. Comparative Bioactivities of Chemically Modified Fucoidan and λ-Carrageenan toward Cells Encapsulated in Covalently Cross-Linked Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3131-3140. [PMID: 38554085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The sulfated marine polysaccharides, fucoidan and λ-carrageenan, are known to possess anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and cellular protective properties. Although they hold considerable promise for tissue engineering constructs, their covalent cross-linking in hydrogels and comparative bioactivities to cells are absent from the literature. Thus, fucoidan and λ-carrageenan were modified with methacrylate groups and were covalently cross-linked with the synthetic polymer poly(vinyl alcohol)-methacrylate (PVA-MA) to form 20 wt % biosynthetic hydrogels. Identical degrees of methacrylation were confirmed by 1H NMR, and covalent conjugation was determined by using a colorimetric 1,9-dimethyl-methylene blue (DMMB) assay. Pancreatic beta cells were encapsulated in the hydrogels, followed by culturing in the 3D environment for a prolonged period of 32 days and evaluation of the cellular functionality by live/dead, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) level, and insulin secretion. The results confirmed that fucoidan and λ-carrageenan exhibited ∼12% methacrylate substitution, which generated hydrogels with stable conjugation of the polysaccharides with PVA-MA. The cells encapsulated in the PVA-fucoidan hydrogels demonstrated consistently high ATP levels over the culture period. Furthermore, only cells in the PVA-fucoidan hydrogels retained glucose responsiveness, demonstrating comparatively higher insulin secretion in response to glucose. In contrast, cells in the PVA-λ-carrageenan and the PVA control hydrogels lost all glucose responsiveness. The present work confirms the superior effects of chemically modified fucoidan over λ-carrageenan on pancreatic beta cell survival and function in covalently cross-linked hydrogels, thereby illustrating the importance of differential polysaccharide structural features on their biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Lutful Amin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Damia Mawad
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Socrates Dokos
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Charles C Sorrell
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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20
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Li Z, Li J, Li Z, Song Y, Wang Y, Wang C, Yuan L, Xiao W, Wang J. Zebrafish mylipb attenuates antiviral innate immunity through two synergistic mechanisms targeting transcription factor irf3. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012227. [PMID: 38739631 PMCID: PMC11115282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is the transcription factor crucial for the production of type I IFN in viral defence and inflammatory responses. The activity of IRF3 is strictly modulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs) to effectively protect the host from infection while avoiding excessive immunopathology. Here, we report that zebrafish myosin-regulated light chain interacting protein b (mylipb) inhibits virus-induced type I IFN production via two synergistic mechanisms: induction of autophagic degradation of irf3 and reduction of irf3 phosphorylation. In vivo, mylipb-null zebrafish exhibit reduced lethality and viral mRNA levels compared to controls. At the cellular level, overexpression of mylipb significantly reduces cellular antiviral capacity, and promotes viral proliferation. Mechanistically, mylipb associates with irf3 and targets Lys 352 to increase K6-linked polyubiquitination, dependent on its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, leading to autophagic degradation of irf3. Meanwhile, mylipb acts as a decoy substrate for the phosphokinase tbk1 to attenuate irf3 phosphorylation and cellular antiviral responses independent of its enzymatic activity. These findings support a critical role for zebrafish mylipb in the limitation of antiviral innate immunity through two synergistic mechanisms targeting irf3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Le Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wuhan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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21
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Zhou Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Zhao E, Huang C, Pan X, Shu F, Liu Z, Tang N, Li F, Liao W. Deubiquitinase USP4 suppresses antitumor immunity by inhibiting IRF3 activation and tumor cell-intrinsic interferon response in colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 589:216836. [PMID: 38556105 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite the approval of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy for various tumor types, its effectiveness is limited to only approximately 15% of patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC). Approximately 80%-85% of CRC patients have a microsatellite stability (MSS) phenotype, which features a rare T-cell infiltration. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms underlying resistance to ICB in patients with MSS CRC is imperative. In this study, we demonstrate that ubiquitin-specific peptidase 4 (USP4) is upregulated in MSS CRC tumors and negatively regulates the immune response against tumors in CRC. Additionally, USP4 represses the cellular interferon (IFN) response and antigen presentation and impairs PRR signaling-mediated cell death. Mechanistically, USP4 impedes the nuclear localization of interferon regulator Factor 3 (IRF3) by deubiquitinating the K63-polyubiquitin chain of TRAF6 and IRF3. Knockdown of USP4 enhances the infiltration of T cells in CRC tumors and overcomes ICB resistance in an MC38 syngeneic mouse model. Moreover, published datasets revealed that patients showing higher USP4 expression exhibited decreased responsiveness to anti-PD-L1 therapy. These findings highlight an essential role of USP4 in the suppression of antitumor immunity in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Huali Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Enen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Chengmei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Xingyan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Feng Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fengtian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; School of Biosciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wenting Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
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22
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Periyasamy T, Ming-Wei L, Velusamy S, Ahamed A, Khan JM, Pappuswamy M, Viswakethu V. Functional characterization of Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) interferon regulatory factor 9 involved in antiviral response. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131282. [PMID: 38565369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
IRF9 is a crucial component in the JAK-STAT pathway. IRF9 interacts with STAT1 and STAT2 to form IFN-I-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) in response to type I IFN stimulation, which promotes ISG transcription. However, the mechanism by which IFN signaling regulates Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) IRF9 is still elusive. Here, we explored the nd tissue-specific mRNA distribution of the MgIRF9 gene, as well as its antiviral function in E. malabaricus. MgIRF9 encodes a protein of 438 amino acids with an open reading frame of 1317 base pairs. MgIRF9 mRNA was detected in all tissues of a healthy M. grouper, with the highest concentrations in the muscle, gills, and brain. It was significantly up-regulated by nervous necrosis virus infection and poly (I:C) stimulation. The gel mobility shift test demonstrated a high-affinity association between MgIRF9 and the promoter of zfIFN in vitro. In GK cells, grouper recombinant IFN-treated samples showed a significant response in ISGs and exhibited antiviral function. Subsequently, overexpression of MgIRF9 resulted in a considerable increase in IFN and ISGs mRNA expression (ADAR1, ADAR1-Like, and ADAR2). Co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that MgIRF9 and STAT2 can interact in vivo. According to the findings, M. grouper IRF9 may play a role in how IFN signaling induces ISG gene expression in grouper species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirunavukkarasu Periyasamy
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Aquaculture, The College of Life Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Lu Ming-Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Aquaculture, The College of Life Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan
| | - Sharmila Velusamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anis Ahamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manikantan Pappuswamy
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka 560029, India
| | - Velavan Viswakethu
- Department of Biotechnology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641105, Tamil Nadu, India
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23
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Campo C, Gangemi S, Pioggia G, Allegra A. Beneficial Effect of Olive Oil and Its Derivates: Focus on Hematological Neoplasm. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:583. [PMID: 38792604 PMCID: PMC11122568 DOI: 10.3390/life14050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Olive oil (Olea europaea) is one of the major components of the Mediterranean diet and is composed of a greater percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid; polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid; and minor compounds, such as phenolic compounds, and particularly hydroxytyrosol. The latter, in fact, are of greater interest since they have found widespread use in popular medicine. In recent years, it has been documented that phenolic acids and in particular hydroxytyrosol have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative action and therefore interest in their possible use in clinical practice and in particular in neoplasms, both solid and hematological, has arisen. This work aims to summarize and analyze the studies present in the literature, both in vitro and in vivo, on the possible use of minor components of olive oil in some hematological neoplasms. In recent years, in fact, interest in nutraceutical science has expanded as a possible adjuvant in the treatment of neoplastic pathologies. Although it is worth underlining that, regarding the object of our study, there are still few preclinical and clinical studies, it is, however, possible to document a role of possible interest in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Campo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 9815 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98158 Messina, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 9815 Messina, Italy;
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24
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Langyue H, Ying Z, Jianfeng J, Yue Z, Huici Y, Hongyan L. IRF4-mediated Treg phenotype switching can aggravate hyperoxia-induced alveolar epithelial cell injury. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:130. [PMID: 38491484 PMCID: PMC10941512 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02940-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by alveolar dysplasia, and evidence indicates that interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory lung diseases. Nonetheless, the significance and mechanism of IRF4 in BPD remain unelucidated. Consequently, we established a mouse model of BPD through hyperoxia exposure, and ELISA was employed to measure interleukin-17 A (IL-17 A) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression levels in lung tissues. Western blotting was adopted to determine the expression of IRF4, surfactant protein C (SP-C), and podoplanin (T1α) in lung tissues. Flow cytometry was utilized for analyzing the percentages of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and FOXP3+RORγt+ Tregs in CD4+ T cells in lung tissues to clarify the underlying mechanism. Our findings revealed that BPD mice exhibited disordered lung tissue structure, elevated IRF4 expression, decreased SP-C and T1α expression, increased IL-17 A and IL-6 levels, reduced proportion of FOXP3+ Tregs, and increased proportion of FOXP3+RORγt+ Tregs. For the purpose of further elucidating the effect of IRF4 on Treg phenotype switching induced by hyperoxia in lung tissues, we exposed neonatal mice with IRF4 knockout to hyperoxia. These mice exhibited regular lung tissue structure, increased proportion of FOXP3+ Tregs, reduced proportion of FOXP3+RORγt+ Tregs, elevated SP-C and T1α expression, and decreased IL-17 A and IL-6 levels. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that IRF4-mediated Treg phenotype switching in lung tissues exacerbates alveolar epithelial cell injury under hyperoxia exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Langyue
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhu Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Jianfeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhu Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Huici
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Hongyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China.
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25
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Feng AC, Thomas BJ, Purbey PK, de Melo FM, Liu X, Daly AE, Sun F, Lo JHH, Cheng L, Carey MF, Scumpia PO, Smale ST. The transcription factor NF-κB orchestrates nucleosome remodeling during the primary response to Toll-like receptor 4 signaling. Immunity 2024; 57:462-477.e9. [PMID: 38430908 PMCID: PMC10984581 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Inducible nucleosome remodeling at hundreds of latent enhancers and several promoters shapes the transcriptional response to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages. We aimed to define the identities of the transcription factors that promote TLR-induced remodeling. An analysis strategy based on ATAC-seq and single-cell ATAC-seq that enriched for genomic regions most likely to undergo remodeling revealed that the transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) bound to all high-confidence peaks marking remodeling during the primary response to the TLR4 ligand, lipid A. Deletion of NF-κB subunits RelA and c-Rel resulted in the loss of remodeling at high-confidence ATAC-seq peaks, and CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis of NF-κB-binding motifs impaired remodeling. Remodeling selectivity at defined regions was conferred by collaboration with other inducible factors, including IRF3- and MAP-kinase-induced factors. Thus, NF-κB is unique among TLR4-activated transcription factors in its broad contribution to inducible nucleosome remodeling, alongside its ability to activate poised enhancers and promoters assembled into open chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Chieh Feng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brandon J Thomas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Prabhat K Purbey
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Filipe Menegatti de Melo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Allison E Daly
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Fei Sun
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jerry Hung-Hao Lo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lijing Cheng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael F Carey
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Philip O Scumpia
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephen T Smale
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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26
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Wang G, Jing L, Wang Y, Mehmood A, Zhang H, Guo R, Zhang L, Li B. Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 Gene Polymorphisms and mRNA Expression Levels Are Associated with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04072-0. [PMID: 38451436 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is a critical transcription factor in the toll-like receptor signaling pathway. It is associated with autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and inflammatory bowel disease. However, the relationship between the functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IRF5 and its mRNA expression level in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between polymorphisms and mRNA expression levels of the IRF5 gene with the incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in northern Chinese Han people. Two loci of the IRF5 gene (rs2004640 and rs2280714) of 164 patients with NMOSD and 269 healthy subjects were genotyped using the multiple SNaPshot technique. The frequencies of alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes were compared. Stratified analysis was performed according to age, sex, AQP4 status, onset age, and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score. The IRF5 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 64 NMOSD patients (32 patients in the acute stage and 32 patients in the remission stage) and 35 healthy subjects were detected by real-time PCR. The association of SNP polymorphisms with the mRNA expression level was determined by nonparametric tests. Allele and genotype frequency distributions of rs2004640 showed significant differences between both groups. Compared to healthy controls, the frequency of rs2004640 T allele markedly increased in patients (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.09-2.08, P = 0.005). Minor allele T and GT genotype of rs2004640 that significantly increases the risk of NMOSD were discovered using genetic inheritance models (codominant, dominant, and overdominant) and haplotype analyses. Subsequent haplotype analyses revealed that the major haplotype "T-A" containing the risk alleles (the SNP sequence of the alleles was rs2004640 and rs2280714) had adverse effects on NMOSD. Based on the stratification analysis according to the EDSS score, the GT genotype frequency in the EDSS ≥ 4 group (38.2%) was markedly lower than that in the EDSS < 4 group (61.8%) (OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.15-0.68, P = 0.0054), with a significant difference. The IRF5 mRNA expression level was increased in NMOSD patients compared to that in normal subjects. IRF5 gene polymorphisms may be tightly associated with the genesis and progression of NMOSD in northern Chinese Han people. IRF5 mRNA expression was increased in patients with NMOSD and significantly increased in patients with acute phase. Perhaps IRF5 expression levels can be used as a predictor of disease activity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoning Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Liu Jing
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Huining Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ruoyi Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Kubara K, Yamazaki K, Miyazaki T, Kondo K, Kurotaki D, Tamura T, Suzuki Y. Lymph node macrophages drive innate immune responses to enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of mRNA vaccines. Mol Ther 2024; 32:704-721. [PMID: 38243602 PMCID: PMC10928146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
mRNA vaccines are promising for cancer treatment. Efficient delivery of mRNAs encoding tumor antigens to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is critical to elicit anti-tumor immunity. Herein, we identified a novel lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation, L17-F05, for mRNA vaccines by screening 34 ionizable lipids and 28 LNP formulations using human primary APCs. Subcutaneous delivery of L17-F05 mRNA vaccine encoding Gp100 and Trp2 inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival of mice bearing B16F10 melanoma. L17-F05 efficiently delivered mRNAs to conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and macrophages in draining lymph nodes (dLNs). cDCs functioned as the main APCs by presenting antigens along with enhanced expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Macrophages triggered innate immune responses centered on type-I interferon (IFN-I) in dLNs. Lymph node (LN) macrophage depletion attenuated APC maturation and anti-tumor activity of L17-F05 mRNA vaccines. Loss-of-function studies revealed that L17-F05 works as a self-adjuvant by activating the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in macrophages. Collectively, the self-adjuvanticity of L17-F05 triggered innate immune responses in LN macrophages via the STING-IFN-I pathway, contributing to APC maturation and potent anti-tumor activity of L17-F05 mRNA vaccines. Our findings provide strategies for further optimization of mRNA vaccines based on the innate immune response driven by LN macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kubara
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan; Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Kazuto Yamazaki
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Takayuki Miyazaki
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Keita Kondo
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kurotaki
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; Laboratory of Chromatin Organization in Immune Cell Development, International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yuta Suzuki
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
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Baig MS, Barmpoutsi S, Bharti S, Weigert A, Hirani N, Atre R, Khabiya R, Sharma R, Sarup S, Savai R. Adaptor molecules mediate negative regulation of macrophage inflammatory pathways: a closer look. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1355012. [PMID: 38482001 PMCID: PMC10933033 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a central role in initiating, maintaining, and terminating inflammation. For that, macrophages respond to various external stimuli in changing environments through signaling pathways that are tightly regulated and interconnected. This process involves, among others, autoregulatory loops that activate and deactivate macrophages through various cytokines, stimulants, and other chemical mediators. Adaptor proteins play an indispensable role in facilitating various inflammatory signals. These proteins are dynamic and flexible modulators of immune cell signaling and act as molecular bridges between cell surface receptors and intracellular effector molecules. They are involved in regulating physiological inflammation and also contribute significantly to the development of chronic inflammatory processes. This is at least partly due to their involvement in the activation and deactivation of macrophages, leading to changes in the macrophages' activation/phenotype. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the 20 adaptor molecules and proteins that act as negative regulators of inflammation in macrophages and effectively suppress inflammatory signaling pathways. We emphasize the functional role of adaptors in signal transduction in macrophages and their influence on the phenotypic transition of macrophages from pro-inflammatory M1-like states to anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotypes. This endeavor mainly aims at highlighting and orchestrating the intricate dynamics of adaptor molecules by elucidating the associated key roles along with respective domains and opening avenues for therapeutic and investigative purposes in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza S. Baig
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Spyridoula Barmpoutsi
- Lung Microenvironmental Niche in Cancerogenesis, Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Shreya Bharti
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nik Hirani
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rajat Atre
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Rakhi Khabiya
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Shivmuni Sarup
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Lung Microenvironmental Niche in Cancerogenesis, Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Jiang YH, Liu YS, Wei YC, Jhang JF, Kuo HC, Huang HH, Chan MWY, Lin GL, Cheng WC, Lin SC, Wang HJ. Hypermethylation Loci of ZNF671, IRF8, and OTX1 as Potential Urine-Based Predictive Biomarkers for Bladder Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:468. [PMID: 38472940 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a significant health issue and poses a healthcare burden on patients, highlighting the importance of an effective detection method. Here, we developed a urine DNA methylation diagnostic panel for distinguishing between BCa and non-BCa. In the discovery stage, an analysis of the TCGA database was conducted to identify BCa-specific DNA hypermethylation markers. In the validation phase, DNA methylation levels of urine samples were measured with real-time quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP). Comparative analysis of the methylation levels between BCa and non-BCa, along with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses with machine learning algorithms (logistic regression and decision tree methods) were conducted to develop practical diagnostic panels. The performance evaluation of the panel shows that the individual biomarkers of ZNF671, OTX1, and IRF8 achieved AUCs of 0.86, 0.82, and 0.81, respectively, while the combined yielded an AUC of 0.91. The diagnostic panel using the decision tree algorithm attained an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 82.6%, 75.0%, and 90.9%, respectively. Our results show that the urine-based DNA methylation diagnostic panel provides a sensitive and specific method for detecting and stratifying BCa, showing promise as a standard test that could enhance the diagnosis and prognosis of BCa in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hong Jiang
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Liu
- Guzip Biomarkers Corporation, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
- Phalanx Biotech, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Wei
- Graduate Institute of Statistics and Information Science, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua City 500207, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fong Jhang
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Hann-Chorng Kuo
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
- Guzip Biomarkers Corporation, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hui Huang
- Guzip Biomarkers Corporation, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
- Phalanx Biotech, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
| | - Michael W Y Chan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ling Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
- Epigenomics and Human Disease Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Cheng
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chuan Lin
- Guzip Biomarkers Corporation, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
- Phalanx Biotech, Hsinchu City 302041, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jung Wang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Translational Medicine, Tzu Chi University and Academia Sinica, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
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30
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Dodantenna N, Cha JW, Chathuranga K, Chathuranga WAG, Weerawardhana A, Ranathunga L, Kim Y, Jheong W, Lee JS. The African Swine Fever Virus Virulence Determinant DP96R Suppresses Type I IFN Production Targeting IRF3. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2099. [PMID: 38396775 PMCID: PMC10889005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
DP96R of African swine fever virus (ASFV), also known as uridine kinase (UK), encodes a virulence-associated protein. Previous studies have examined DP96R along with other genes in an effort to create live attenuated vaccines. While experiments in pigs have explored the impact of DP96R on the pathogenicity of ASFV, the precise molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unknown. Here, we describe a novel molecular mechanism by which DP96R suppresses interferon regulator factor-3 (IRF3)-mediated antiviral immune responses. DP96R interacts with a crucial karyopherin (KPNA) binding site within IRF3, disrupting the KPNA-IRF3 interaction and consequently impeding the translocation of IRF3 to the nucleus. Under this mechanistic basis, the ectopic expression of DP96R enhances the replication of DNA and RNA viruses by inhibiting the production of IFNs, whereas DP96R knock-down resulted in higher IFNs and IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) transcription during ASFV infection. Collectively, these findings underscore the pivotal role of DP96R in inhibiting IFN responses and increase our understanding of the relationship between DP96R and the virulence of ASFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Dodantenna
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (N.D.); (J.-W.C.); (K.C.); (W.A.G.C.); (A.W.); (L.R.)
| | - Ji-Won Cha
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (N.D.); (J.-W.C.); (K.C.); (W.A.G.C.); (A.W.); (L.R.)
| | - Kiramage Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (N.D.); (J.-W.C.); (K.C.); (W.A.G.C.); (A.W.); (L.R.)
| | - W. A. Gayan Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (N.D.); (J.-W.C.); (K.C.); (W.A.G.C.); (A.W.); (L.R.)
| | - Asela Weerawardhana
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (N.D.); (J.-W.C.); (K.C.); (W.A.G.C.); (A.W.); (L.R.)
| | - Lakmal Ranathunga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (N.D.); (J.-W.C.); (K.C.); (W.A.G.C.); (A.W.); (L.R.)
| | - Yongkwan Kim
- Wildlife Disease Response Team, National Institute of Wildlife Disease Control and Prevention, Gwangju 62407, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (W.J.)
| | - Weonhwa Jheong
- Wildlife Disease Response Team, National Institute of Wildlife Disease Control and Prevention, Gwangju 62407, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (W.J.)
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (N.D.); (J.-W.C.); (K.C.); (W.A.G.C.); (A.W.); (L.R.)
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Park J, Kang SJ. The ontogenesis and heterogeneity of basophils. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 3:kyae003. [PMID: 38567293 PMCID: PMC10941320 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Basophils are the rarest leukocytes, but they have essential roles in protection against helminths, allergic disorders, autoimmune diseases, and some cancers. For years, the clinical significance of basophils has been neglected because of the lack of proper experimental tools to study them. The development of basophil-specific antibodies and animal models, along with genomic advances like single-cell transcriptomics, has greatly enhanced our understanding of basophil biology. Recent discoveries regarding basophils prompted us to write this review, emphasizing the basophil developmental pathway. In it, we chronologically examine the steps of basophil development in various species, which reveals the apparent advent of basophils predating IgE and basophil's IgE-independent regulatory role in primitive vertebrates. Then, we cover studies of basophil development in adult bone marrow, and compare those of murine and human basophils, introducing newly identified basophil progenitors and mature basophil subsets, as well as the transcription factors that regulate the transitions between them. Last, we discuss the heterogeneity of tissue-resident basophils, which may develop through extramedullary hematopoiesis. We expect that this review will contribute to a deeper understanding of basophil biology from the intricate aspects of basophil development and differentiation, offering valuable insights for both researchers and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Jo Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
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Huang S, Zheng R, Kang Y, Yang L, Gao J, Liu Q, Weng S, He J, Xie J. Orange-spotted grouper IFNh response to NNV or MSRV and its potential antiviral activities. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109345. [PMID: 38154761 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN) plays a crucial role in the antiviral immune response. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) and Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) are the most important viruses in cultured larvae and juveniles, causing great economic losses to fish farming. To better understand the antiviral activities and immunoregulatory role of IFN from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), EcIFNh was cloned from NNV infected sample. EcIFNh has an open reading frame (ORF) of 552 bp and encodes a polypeptide of 183 amino acids. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that EcIFNh was clustered into the IFNh branch. The tissue distribution analysis revealed that EcIFNh was highly expressed in the liver and brain of healthy orange-spotted grouper. The mRNA levels of EcIFNh were significantly upregulated after poly (I:C) stimulation and NNV or MSRV infection. Furthermore, the promoter of EcIFNh was characterized and significantly activated by EcMDA5, EcMAVS, EcSTING, EcIRF3, and EcIRF7 in the luciferase activity assays. We found that EcIFNh overexpression resisted the replication of NNV and MSRV, while EcIFNh silencing facilitated NNV replication in GB cells. In addition, EcIFNh recombinant protein (rEcIFNh) enhanced the immune response by inducing the expression of ISGs in vivo and in vitro, suggesting the potential application of rEcIFNh for anti-NNV and anti-MSRV. Taken together, our research may offer the foundation for virus-IFN system interaction in orange-spotted grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyou Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiling Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Xu H, Chen C, Chen L, Pan S. Pan-cancer analysis identifies the IRF family as a biomarker for survival prognosis and immunotherapy. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18084. [PMID: 38130025 PMCID: PMC10844690 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IRF family genes have been shown to be crucial in tumorigenesis and tumour immunity. However, information about the role of IRF in the systematic assessment of pan-cancer and in predicting the efficacy of tumour therapy is still unknown. In this work, we performed a systematic analysis of IRF family genes in 33 tumour samples, including expression profiles, genomics and clinical characteristics. We then applied Single-Sample Gene-Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) to calculate IRF-scores and analysed the impact of IRF-scores on tumour progression, immune infiltration and treatment efficacy. Our results showed that genomic alterations, including SNPs, CNVs and DNA methylation, can lead to dysregulation of IRFs expression in tumours and participate in regulating multiple tumorigenesis. IRF-score expression differed significantly between 12 normal and tumour samples and the impact on tumour prognosis and immune infiltration depended on tumour type. IRF expression was correlated to drug sensitivity and to the expression of immune checkpoints and immune cell infiltration, suggesting that dysregulation of IRF family expression may be a critical factor affecting tumour drug response. Our study comprehensively characterizes the genomic and clinical profile of IRFs in pan-cancer and highlights their reliability and potential value as predictive markers of oncology drug efficacy. This may provide new ideas for future personalized oncology treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua‐Guo Xu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Can Chen
- Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Lin‐Yuan Chen
- Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Shiyang Pan
- Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory MedicineNanjingChina
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Lan C, Zhou X, Shen X, Lin Y, Chen X, Lin J, Zhang Y, Zheng L, Yan S. Suppression of IRF9 Promotes Osteoclast Differentiation by Decreased Ferroptosis via STAT3 Activation. Inflammation 2024; 47:99-113. [PMID: 37804406 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01896-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that endangers the health of the elderly. Inhibiting osteoclast hyperactivity is a key aspect of osteoporosis prevention and treatment. Several studies have shown that interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) not only regulates innate and adaptive immune responses but also plays an important role in inflammation, antiviral response, and cell development. However, the exact role of IRF9 in osteoclasts has not been reported. To elucidate the role of IRF9 in osteoclast differentiation, we established the ovariectomized mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis and found that IRF9 expression was reduced in ovariectomized mice with overactive osteoclasts. Furthermore, knockdown of IRF9 expression enhanced osteoclast differentiation in vitro. Using RNA sequencing, we identified that the differentially expressed genes enriched by IRF9 knockdown were related to ferroptosis. We observed that IRF9 knockdown promoted osteoclast differentiation via decreased ferroptosis in vitro and further verified that IRF9 knockdown reduced ferroptosis by activating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) to promote osteoclastogenesis. In conclusion, we identified an essential role of IRF9 in the regulation of osteoclastogenesis in osteoporosis and its underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Endocrinology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Glycolipid and Bone Mineral Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Endocrinology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Glycolipid and Bone Mineral Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Ximei Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Endocrinology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Glycolipid and Bone Mineral Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Youfen Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Endocrinology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Glycolipid and Bone Mineral Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Jiebin Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Yongze Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Endocrinology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Glycolipid and Bone Mineral Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Lifeng Zheng
- Orthopedics Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Sunjie Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Glycolipid and Bone Mineral Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
- Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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Jiao B, Zhang Q, Jin C, Yu H, Wu Q. IRF4 Participates in Pulmonary Fibrosis Induced by Silica Particles through Regulating Macrophage Polarization and Fibroblast Activation. Inflammation 2024; 47:45-59. [PMID: 37938462 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to silica dust can cause silicosis, which is characterized by chronic progressive inflammatory injury, fibroblast activation, and the deposition of extracellular matrix. IRF4 is involved in immune response. However, the potential regulation of IRF4 in silicosis and pulmonary fibrosis remains largely unexplored. In this study, RNA-seq analysis identified the upregulated expression of IRF4 in fibrotic lung tissues of mice exposed to silica particles. And we verified the increased expression of IRF4 in SiO2-treated macrophages and TGF-β1-treated fibroblasts. We further found that the down-regulation of IRF4 impeded the macrophage polarization and the release of pro-fibrotic factors. Moreover, the down-regulation of IRF4 alleviated the migration, invasion, and the expression of fibrotic molecules in fibroblasts. Using ChIP-qPCR assay, we confirmed that IRF4 regulated the transcriptional activity of the IL-17A promoter, thus stimulated fibroblast activation, migration and invasion. In vivo experiment, the AAV-siIRF4 was designed to interfere with the expression of IRF4 in lung tissues of mice exposed to silica particles. Whole blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissues were obtained from mice at 7, 14, 28 and 56 days after silica exposure. The results showed that the leukocyte content and inflammatory factors reached a peak at day 14 and remained peak for a long time after IRF4 knockdown. Furthermore, the fibrotic responses of mouse lung tissues were alleviated after IRF4 knockdown. Our study explored the important roles of IRF4 in inflammatory and fibrotic responses, which provided a new target for the treatment of silicosis and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyang Jiao
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qianyi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Chunmeng Jin
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hongmin Yu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qiuyun Wu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Long H, Steimle JD, Grisanti Canozo FJ, Kim JH, Li X, Morikawa Y, Park M, Turaga D, Adachi I, Wythe JD, Samee MAH, Martin JF. Endothelial cells adopt a pro-reparative immune responsive signature during cardiac injury. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202201870. [PMID: 38012001 PMCID: PMC10681909 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulation of the heart's immune microenvironment is crucial for recovery after ischemic events such as myocardial infarction (MI). Endothelial cells (ECs) can have immune regulatory functions; however, interactions between ECs and the immune environment in the heart after MI remain poorly understood. We identified an EC-specific IFN responsive and immune regulatory gene signature in adult and pediatric heart failure (HF) tissues. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of murine hearts subjected to MI uncovered an EC population (IFN-ECs) with immunologic gene signatures similar to those in human HF. IFN-ECs were enriched in regenerative-stage mouse hearts and expressed genes encoding immune responsive transcription factors (Irf7, Batf2, and Stat1). Single-cell chromatin accessibility studies revealed an enrichment of these TF motifs at IFN-EC signature genes. Expression of immune regulatory ligand genes by IFN-ECs suggests bidirectional signaling between IFN-ECs and macrophages in regenerative-stage hearts. Our data suggest that ECs may adopt immune regulatory signatures after cardiac injury to accompany the reparative response. The presence of these signatures in human HF and murine MI models suggests a potential role for EC-mediated immune regulation in responding to stress induced by acute injury in MI and chronic adverse remodeling in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hali Long
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Interdepartmental Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Steimle
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Jong Hwan Kim
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/00r4vsg44 Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiao Li
- https://ror.org/00r4vsg44 Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuka Morikawa
- https://ror.org/00r4vsg44 Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Minjun Park
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diwakar Turaga
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Iki Adachi
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joshua D Wythe
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Md Abul Hassan Samee
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James F Martin
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Interdepartmental Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/00r4vsg44 Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- https://ror.org/02pttbw34 Center for Organ Repair and Renewal, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Wei D, Liu Y, Yuan Y, Li Y, Zhao F, Qin X. Molecular map of cGAS-STING pathway-related genes in bladder cancer: the perspective toward immune microenvironment and prognosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:1516-1535. [PMID: 38240703 PMCID: PMC10866408 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cGAS-STING pathway emerges as a pivotal innate immune pathway with the potential to profoundly influence all facets of tumor initiation and progression. The prognostic significance and immunological role of cGAS-STING pathway-related genes (CRGs) in individuals diagnosed with bladder cancer (BLCA) have not yet been fully elucidated. METHODS Performed unsupervised cluster analysis to identify distinct clusters. Utilizing LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analysis to construct a prognostic risk model. The IMvigor210, GSE13507 and GSE78220 cohorts were utilized to explore the potential value of risk score in immune therapy response and survival prediction. RESULTS A risk model was developed utilizing four CRGs in order to forecast the overall survival (OS) of BLCA patients. The risk score to be a standalone risk factor, which was further corroborated by the external validation set obtained from the GEO database (GSE13507). We established an integrated nomogram that combined risk scoring and clinical information, exhibiting commendable clinical practicality in predicting the overall survival period of BLCA patients. It is noteworthy that risk score could differentiate tumor microenvironments among different risk groups and individuals who were more responsive to immunotherapy in IMvigor210 and GSE13507 cohorts. In vitro experiments, we noted an up-regulation of IRF3 and IKBKB upon the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Conversely, the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway resulted in a down-regulation of POLR3G and CTNNB1. CONCLUSIONS CRG risk model shows promise as a potential stratification approach for bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wei
- Department of Urology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xingtai Third Hospital, Xingtai 054000, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Xingtai Third Hospital, Xingtai 054000, China
| | - Yishuai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Fangchao Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Xuebo Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
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Kaczanowska S, Murty T, Alimadadi A, Contreras CF, Duault C, Subrahmanyam PB, Reynolds W, Gutierrez NA, Baskar R, Wu CJ, Michor F, Altreuter J, Liu Y, Jhaveri A, Duong V, Anbunathan H, Ong C, Zhang H, Moravec R, Yu J, Biswas R, Van Nostrand S, Lindsay J, Pichavant M, Sotillo E, Bernstein D, Carbonell A, Derdak J, Klicka-Skeels J, Segal JE, Dombi E, Harmon SA, Turkbey B, Sahaf B, Bendall S, Maecker H, Highfill SL, Stroncek D, Glod J, Merchant M, Hedrick CC, Mackall CL, Ramakrishna S, Kaplan RN. Immune determinants of CAR-T cell expansion in solid tumor patients receiving GD2 CAR-T cell therapy. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:35-51.e8. [PMID: 38134936 PMCID: PMC10947809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-Ts) have remarkable efficacy in liquid tumors, but limited responses in solid tumors. We conducted a Phase I trial (NCT02107963) of GD2 CAR-Ts (GD2-CAR.OX40.28.z.iC9), demonstrating feasibility and safety of administration in children and young adults with osteosarcoma and neuroblastoma. Since CAR-T efficacy requires adequate CAR-T expansion, patients were grouped into good or poor expanders across dose levels. Patient samples were evaluated by multi-dimensional proteomic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic analyses. T cell assessments identified naive T cells in pre-treatment apheresis associated with good expansion, and exhausted T cells in CAR-T products with poor expansion. Myeloid cell assessment identified CXCR3+ monocytes in pre-treatment apheresis associated with good expansion. Longitudinal analysis of post-treatment samples identified increased CXCR3- classical monocytes in all groups as CAR-T numbers waned. Together, our data uncover mediators of CAR-T biology and correlates of expansion that could be utilized to advance immunotherapies for solid tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Kaczanowska
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tara Murty
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ahmad Alimadadi
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA; Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Cristina F Contreras
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Caroline Duault
- Stanford Human Immune Monitoring Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Priyanka B Subrahmanyam
- Stanford Human Immune Monitoring Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Warren Reynolds
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Reema Baskar
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Yang Liu
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Vandon Duong
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hima Anbunathan
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Claire Ong
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hua Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Radim Moravec
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joyce Yu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mina Pichavant
- Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Elena Sotillo
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Donna Bernstein
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amanda Carbonell
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joanne Derdak
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Klicka-Skeels
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julia E Segal
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eva Dombi
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie A Harmon
- Artificial Intelligence Resource, Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Baris Turkbey
- Artificial Intelligence Resource, Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bita Sahaf
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sean Bendall
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Holden Maecker
- Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Steven L Highfill
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David Stroncek
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John Glod
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Melinda Merchant
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catherine C Hedrick
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA; Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Crystal L Mackall
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sneha Ramakrishna
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Rosandra N Kaplan
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Ma J, Chen J, Cui J, Liu W, Qu Y, Lu X, Wang A, Huang B, Wang X. A molluscan IRF interacts with IKKα/β family protein and modulates NF-κB and MAPK activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128319. [PMID: 38000607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family proteins are key transcription factors involved in vital physiological processes such as immune defense. However, the function of IRF in invertebrates, especially in marine shellfish is not clear. In this study, a new IRF gene (CfIRF2) was identified in the Zhikong scallop, Chlamys farreri, and its immune function was analyzed. CfIRF2 has an open reading frame of 1107 bp encoding 368 amino acids. The N-terminus of CfIRF2 consists of a typical IRF domain, with conserved amino acid sequences. Phylogenetic analysis suggested close evolutionary relationship with shellfish IRF1 subfamily proteins. Expression pattern analysis showed that CfIRF2 mRNA was expressed in all tissues, with the highest expression in the hepatopancreas and gills. CfIRF2 gene expression was substantially enhanced by a pathogenic virus (such as acute viral necrosis virus) and poly(I:C) challenge. Co-immunoprecipitation assay identified CfIRF2 interaction with the IKKα/β family protein CfIKK1 of C. farreri, demonstrating a unique signal transduction mechanism in marine mollusks. Moreover, CfIRF2 interacted with itself to form homologous dimers. Overexpression of CfIRF2 in HEK293T cells activated reporter genes containing interferon stimulated response elements and NF-κB genes in a dose-dependent manner and promoted the phosphorylation of protein kinases (JNK, Erk1/2, and P38). Our results provide insights into the functions of IRF in mollusks innate immunity and also provide valuable information for enriching comparative immunological theory for the prevention of diseases in scallop farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilv Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Jiwen Chen
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Jie Cui
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yifan Qu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiuqi Lu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Anhao Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Baoyu Huang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China.
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China.
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40
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Huang Y, Gao X, He QY, Liu W. A Interacting Model: How TRIM21 Orchestrates with Proteins in Intracellular Immunity. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301142. [PMID: 37922533 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21), identified as both a cytosolic E3 ubiquitin ligase and FcR (Fragment crystallizable receptor), primarily interacts with proteins via its PRY/SPRY domains and promotes their proteasomal degradation to regulate intracellular immunity. But how TRIM21 involves in intracellular immunity still lacks systematical understanding. Herein, it is probed into the TRIM21-related literature and raises an interacting model about how TRIM21 orchestrates proteins in cytosol. In this novel model, TRIM21 generally interacts with miscellaneous protein in intracellular immunity in two ways: For one, TRIM21 solely plays as an E3, ubiquitylating a glut of proteins that contain specific interferon-regulatory factor, nuclear transcription factor kappaB, virus sensors and others, and involving inflammatory responses. For another, TRIM21 serves as both E3 and specific FcR that detects antibody-complexes and facilitates antibody destroying target proteins. Correspondingly delineated as Fc-independent signaling and Fc-dependent signaling in this review, how TRIM21's interactions contribute to intracellular immunity, expecting to provide a systematical understanding of this important protein and invest enlightenment for further research on the pathogenesis of related diseases and its prospective application is elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisha Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xuejuan Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qing-Yu He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wanting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Patalano SD, Fuxman Bass P, Fuxman Bass JI. Transcription factors in the development and treatment of immune disorders. Transcription 2023:1-23. [PMID: 38100543 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2023.2294623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune function is highly controlled at the transcriptional level by the binding of transcription factors (TFs) to promoter and enhancer elements. Several TF families play major roles in immune gene expression, including NF-κB, STAT, IRF, AP-1, NRs, and NFAT, which trigger anti-pathogen responses, promote cell differentiation, and maintain immune system homeostasis. Aberrant expression, activation, or sequence of isoforms and variants of these TFs can result in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as well as hematological and solid tumor cancers. For this reason, TFs have become attractive drug targets, even though most were previously deemed "undruggable" due to their lack of small molecule binding pockets and the presence of intrinsically disordered regions. However, several aspects of TF structure and function can be targeted for therapeutic intervention, such as ligand-binding domains, protein-protein interactions between TFs and with cofactors, TF-DNA binding, TF stability, upstream signaling pathways, and TF expression. In this review, we provide an overview of each of the important TF families, how they function in immunity, and some related diseases they are involved in. Additionally, we discuss the ways of targeting TFs with drugs along with recent research developments in these areas and their clinical applications, followed by the advantages and disadvantages of targeting TFs for the treatment of immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha D Patalano
- Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology and Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paula Fuxman Bass
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan I Fuxman Bass
- Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology and Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Lee S, Kim MJ, Ahn SI, Choi SK, Min KY, Choi WS, You JS. Epigenetic landscape analysis reveals the significance of early reduced chromatin accessibility in osteoclastogenesis. Bone 2023; 177:116918. [PMID: 37739296 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently improved techniques could provide snapshots of chromatin structure generated based on chromatin accessibility. Since chromatin accessibility determines transcriptional potential, it has been attempted in a variety of cell systems. However, there has been no genome-wide analysis of chromatin accessibility for the entire murine osteoclast (OC) differentiation process. We performed an Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin (ATAC)-sequencing (seq) during RANKL-induced OC differentiation and found that global chromatin accessibility decreased, especially early in OC differentiation. The global histone H3K27Ac level, an active histone modification mark, was diminished during OC differentiation by western blot and histone extract experiments. Its genomic enrichment was also reduced based on publicly available H3K27Ac chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-seq data. ATAC-seq and H3K27Ac ChIP-seq data demonstrated that RANKL induced a less accessible chromatin state during OC differentiation. Restoration of reduced H3K27Ac, presumably representing accessible states upon acetate treatment, suppresses OC differentiation by provoking immune-related gene expression. Subsequential integrative analysis of ATAC-seq, RNA-seq after acetate treatment, and H3K27Ac ChIP-seq reveals that Irf8 and its downstream targets are the most vulnerable to chromatin accessibility changes and acetate supplementation. Taken together, our study generated chromatin accessibility maps during the whole OC differentiation and suggested perturbation of chromatin accessibility might be a potential therapeutic strategy for excessive OC diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyong Lee
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Jun Kim
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Seor I Ahn
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kyung Choi
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Young Min
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Wahn Soo Choi
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea; KU Open Innovation Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueng Soo You
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea; KU Open Innovation Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University, Republic of Korea.
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43
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Wang H, Feng J, Zeng C, Liu J, Fu Z, Wang D, Wang Y, Zhang L, Li J, Jiang A, He M, Cao Y, Yan K, Tang H, Guo D, Xu K, Zhou X, Zhou L, Lan K, Zhou Y, Chen Y. NSUN2-mediated M 5c methylation of IRF3 mRNA negatively regulates type I interferon responses during various viral infections. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2178238. [PMID: 36748584 PMCID: PMC9946332 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2178238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is a widespread post-transcriptional RNA modification and is reported to be involved in manifold cellular responses and biological processes through regulating RNA metabolism. However, its regulatory role in antiviral innate immunity has not yet been elucidated. Here, we report that NSUN2, a typical m5C methyltransferase, negatively regulates type I interferon responses during various viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. NSUN2 specifically mediates m5C methylation of IRF3 mRNA and accelerates its degradation, resulting in low levels of IRF3 and downstream IFN-β production. Knockout or knockdown of NSUN2 enhanced type I interferon and downstream ISGs during various viral infection in vitro. And in vivo, the antiviral innate response is more dramatically enhanced in Nsun2+/- mice than in Nsun2+/+ mice. The highly m5C methylated cytosines in IRF3 mRNA were identified, and their mutation enhanced cellular IRF3 mRNA levels. Moreover, infection with Sendai virus (SeV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), or Zika virus (ZIKV) resulted in a reduction of endogenous NSUN2 levels. Especially, SARS-CoV-2 infection (WT strain and BA.1 omicron variant) also decreased endogenous levels of NSUN2 in COVID-19 patients and K18-hACE2 KI mice, further increasing type I interferon and downstream ISGs. Together, our findings reveal that NSUN2 serves as a negative regulator of interferon response by accelerating the fast turnover of IRF3 mRNA, while endogenous NSUN2 levels decrease during SARS-CoV-2 and various viral infections to boost antiviral responses for effective elimination of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangpeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China,College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jiejie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dehe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yafen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiali Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao He
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Tang
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deyin Guo
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China,Animal Bio-Safety Level III Laboratory at Center for Animal Experiment, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China, Yu Chen State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, People’s Republic of China
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44
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Zeng J, Yao J, Zhou Y, Yu L, Zhang L, Wang C, Luo Y, Li Z, Xu B. Expression of interferon regulatory factor family and its prognostic value in acute myeloid leukemia. Future Oncol 2023; 19:2465-2479. [PMID: 38054394 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To elucidate the clinicopathological and prognostic values of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Patients & methods: Differential expression analysis and survival analysis from several reliable databases were conducted and further validated using patients with AML. Results: The expression level of IRF1/2/4/5/7/8/9 in patients with AML was upregulated, while IRF3/6 expression was downregulated. High IRF1/7/9 expression indicated a worse overall survival rate. Conclusion: Overexpression of IRF1/7/9 may be associated with poor survival in patients with AML, suggesting that the IRF family may be a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zeng
- The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 351002, China
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University & Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Hematological Malignancy of Xiamen, Xiamen, 361003, China
- The Graduate School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 351002, China
| | - Jingwei Yao
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University & Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Hematological Malignancy of Xiamen, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University & Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Hematological Malignancy of Xiamen, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Lian Yu
- Department of Hematology & Rheumatology, Longyan First Hospital, Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University & Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Hematological Malignancy of Xiamen, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Caiyan Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University & Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Hematological Malignancy of Xiamen, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Yiming Luo
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University & Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Hematological Malignancy of Xiamen, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University & Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Bing Xu
- The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 351002, China
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University & Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis & Treatment of Hematological Malignancy of Xiamen, Xiamen, 361003, China
- The Graduate School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 351002, China
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45
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Liu Y, Yang G, Huo S, Wu J, Ren P, Cao Y, Gao J, Tong L, Min D. Lutein suppresses ferroptosis of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells via positive regulation of IRF in cardiac hypertrophy. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 959:176081. [PMID: 37797674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac microvascular dysfunction contributes to cardiac hypertrophy (CH) and can progress to heart failure. Lutein is a carotenoid with various pharmacological properties, such as anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Limited research has been conducted on the effects of lutein on pressure overload-induced CH. Studies have shown that CH is accompanied by ferroptosis in the cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs). This study aimed to investigate the effect of lutein on ferroptosis of CMECs in CH. The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor (IRF) is associated with immune system function, tumor suppression, and apoptosis. The results of this study suggested that pressure overload primarily inhibits IRF expression, resulting in endothelial ferroptosis. Administration of lutein increased the expression of IRF, providing protection to endothelial cells during pressure overload. IRF silencing downregulated solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression, leading to the induction of ferroptosis in CMECs. Lutein supplementation suppressed endothelial ferroptosis by upregulating IRF. These data suggest that IRF may function as a transcription factor for SLC7A11 and that lutein represses ferroptosis in CMECs by upregulating IRF expression. Therefore, targeting IRF may be a promising therapeutic strategy for effective cardioprotection in patients with CH and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Basic Nursing, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guanlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Traditional Chinese Medicine Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shiqiao Huo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiabi Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yonggang Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingquan Gao
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, China.
| | - Liquan Tong
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China.
| | - Dongyu Min
- Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China.
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46
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Zeng X, Liu C, Fan J, Zou J, Guo M, Sun G. RNF138 Downregulates Antiviral Innate Immunity by Inhibiting IRF3 Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16110. [PMID: 38003298 PMCID: PMC10671598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A viral infection activates the transcription factors IRF3 and NF-κB, which synergistically induces type I interferons (IFNs). Here, we identify the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF138 as an important negative regulator of virus-triggered IRF3 activation and IFN-β induction. The overexpression of RNF138 inhibited the virus-induced activation of IRF3 and the transcription of the IFNB1 gene, whereas the knockout of RNF138 promoted the virus-induced activation of IRF3 and transcription of the IFNB1 gene. We further found that RNF138 promotes the ubiquitination of PTEN and subsequently inhibits PTEN interactions with IRF3, which is essential for the PTEN-mediated nuclear translocation of IRF3, thereby inhibiting IRF3 import into the nucleus. Our findings suggest that RNF138 negatively regulates virus-triggered signaling by inhibiting the interaction of PTEN with IRF3, and these data provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of cellular antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhuang Zeng
- Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chaozhi Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jinhao Fan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Jiabin Zou
- Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Mingxiong Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Guihong Sun
- Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan 430071, China
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47
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Schleussner N, Cauchy P, Franke V, Giefing M, Fornes O, Vankadari N, Assi SA, Costanza M, Weniger MA, Akalin A, Anagnostopoulos I, Bukur T, Casarotto MG, Damm F, Daumke O, Edginton-White B, Gebhardt JCM, Grau M, Grunwald S, Hansmann ML, Hartmann S, Huber L, Kärgel E, Lusatis S, Noerenberg D, Obier N, Pannicke U, Fischer A, Reisser A, Rosenwald A, Schwarz K, Sundararaj S, Weilemann A, Winkler W, Xu W, Lenz G, Rajewsky K, Wasserman WW, Cockerill PN, Scheidereit C, Siebert R, Küppers R, Grosschedl R, Janz M, Bonifer C, Mathas S. Transcriptional reprogramming by mutated IRF4 in lymphoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6947. [PMID: 37935654 PMCID: PMC10630337 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease-causing mutations in genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) can affect TF interactions with their cognate DNA-binding motifs. Whether and how TF mutations impact upon the binding to TF composite elements (CE) and the interaction with other TFs is unclear. Here, we report a distinct mechanism of TF alteration in human lymphomas with perturbed B cell identity, in particular classic Hodgkin lymphoma. It is caused by a recurrent somatic missense mutation c.295 T > C (p.Cys99Arg; p.C99R) targeting the center of the DNA-binding domain of Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 (IRF4), a key TF in immune cells. IRF4-C99R fundamentally alters IRF4 DNA-binding, with loss-of-binding to canonical IRF motifs and neomorphic gain-of-binding to canonical and non-canonical IRF CEs. IRF4-C99R thoroughly modifies IRF4 function by blocking IRF4-dependent plasma cell induction, and up-regulates disease-specific genes in a non-canonical Activator Protein-1 (AP-1)-IRF-CE (AICE)-dependent manner. Our data explain how a single mutation causes a complex switch of TF specificity and gene regulation and open the perspective to specifically block the neomorphic DNA-binding activities of a mutant TF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Schleussner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Biology of Malignant Lymphomas, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between Charité and MDC, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierre Cauchy
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vedran Franke
- Bioinformatics and Omics Data Science Platform, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maciej Giefing
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, 60-479, Poland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Oriol Fornes
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Naveen Vankadari
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Salam A Assi
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mariantonia Costanza
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Biology of Malignant Lymphomas, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between Charité and MDC, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc A Weniger
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Altuna Akalin
- Bioinformatics and Omics Data Science Platform, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ioannis Anagnostopoulos
- Institute of Pathology, Universität Würzburg and Comprehensive Cancer Centre Mainfranken (CCCMF), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Bukur
- TRON gGmbH - Translationale Onkologie an der Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marco G Casarotto
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Frederik Damm
- Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Structural Biology, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Edginton-White
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Michael Grau
- Department of Physics, University of Marburg, 35052, Marburg, Germany
- Medical Department A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stephan Grunwald
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Structural Biology, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin-Leo Hansmann
- Frankfurt Institute of Advanced Studies, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sylvia Hartmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lionel Huber
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva Kärgel
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Lusatis
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Biology of Malignant Lymphomas, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between Charité and MDC, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Noerenberg
- Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Obier
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ulrich Pannicke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anja Fischer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anja Reisser
- Department of Physics, Institute of Biophysics, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, Universität Würzburg and Comprehensive Cancer Centre Mainfranken (CCCMF), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Schwarz
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Srinivasan Sundararaj
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Andre Weilemann
- Medical Department A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wiebke Winkler
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Biology of Malignant Lymphomas, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between Charité and MDC, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wendan Xu
- Medical Department A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Lenz
- Medical Department A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Rajewsky
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Immune Regulation and Cancer, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wyeth W Wasserman
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Peter N Cockerill
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Claus Scheidereit
- Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ralf Küppers
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Grosschedl
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Janz
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Biology of Malignant Lymphomas, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between Charité and MDC, Berlin, Germany
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stephan Mathas
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Biology of Malignant Lymphomas, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between Charité and MDC, Berlin, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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48
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Wang G, Feng X, Ding J. Molecular basis for the functional roles of the multimorphic T95R mutation of IRF4 causing human autosomal dominant combined immunodeficiency. Structure 2023; 31:1441-1451.e3. [PMID: 37683642 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is a transcription factor that regulates the development and function of immune cells. Recently, a new multimorphic mutation T95R was identified in the IRF4 DNA-binding domain (DBD) in patients with autosomal dominant combined immune deficiency. Here, we characterized the interactions of the wild-type IRF4-DBD (IRF4-DBDWT) and T95R mutant (IRF4-DBDT95R) with a canonical DNA sequence and several noncanonical DNA sequences. We found that compared to IRF4-DBDWT, IRF4-DBDT95R exhibits higher binding affinities for both canonical and noncanonical DNAs, with the highest preference for the noncanonical GATA sequence. The crystal structures of IRF4-DBDWT in complex with the GATA sequence and IRF4-DBDT95R in complexes with both canonical and noncanonical DNAs were determined, showing that the T95R mutation enhances the interactions of IRF4-DBDT95R with the canonical and noncanonical DNAs to achieve higher affinity and specificity. Collectively, our data provide the molecular basis for the gain-of-function and new function of IRF4T95R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xueqian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jianping Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China.
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49
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Cadena C, Kornfeld OS, Lee BL, Kayagaki N. Epigenetic and transcriptional control of gasdermins. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101841. [PMID: 37703611 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Cells undergo an inflammatory programmed lytic cell death called 'pyroptosis' (with the Greek roots 'fiery'), often featuring morphological hallmarks such as large ballooning protrusions and subsequent bursting. Originally described as a caspase-1-dependent cell death in response to bacterial infection, pyroptosis has since been re-defined in 2018 as a cell death dependent on plasma membrane pores by a gasdermin (GSDM) family member [1,2]. GSDMs form pores in the plasma membrane as well as organelle membranes, thereby initiating membrane destruction and the rapid and lytic demise of a cell. The gasdermin family plays a profound role in the execution of pyroptosis in the context of infection, inflammation, tumor pathogenesis, and anti-tumor therapy. More recently, cell-death-independent functions for some of the GSDMs have been proposed. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of gasdermin gene regulation, including mechanisms in both homeostatic conditions and during inflammation, is essential. In this review, we will summarize the role of gasdermins in pyroptosis and focus our discussion on the transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms controlling the expression of GSDMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristhian Cadena
- Physiological Chemistry Department, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Opher S Kornfeld
- Physiological Chemistry Department, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Bettina L Lee
- Physiological Chemistry Department, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Nobuhiko Kayagaki
- Physiological Chemistry Department, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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50
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Wang R, Liu X, Han Q, Wang X. Characterisation, evolution and expression analysis of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family from olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in response to Edwardsiella tarda infection and temperature stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109115. [PMID: 37758096 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family involves in the transcriptional regulation of type I Interferons (IFNs) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) and plays a critical role in cytokine signaling and immune response. However, systematic identification of the IRF gene family in teleost has been rarely reported. In this study, twelve IRF members, named PoIRF1, PoIRF2, PoIRF3, PoIRF4a, PoIRF4b, PoIRF5, PoIRF6, PoIRF7, PoIRF8, PoIRF9, PoIRF10 and PoIRF11, were identified from genome-wide data of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that PoIRFs could be classified into four clades, including IRF1 subfamily (PoIRF1, PoIRF11), IRF3 subfamily (PoIRF3, PoIRF7), IRF4 subfamily (PoIRF4a, PoIRF8, PoIRF9, PoIRF10) and IRF5 subfamily (PoIRF5, PoIRF6). They were evolutionarily related to their counterparts in other fish. Gene structure and motif analysis showed that PoIRFs protein sequences were highly conserved. Under normal physiological conditions, all PoIRFs were generally expressed in multiple developmental stages and healthy tissues. After E. tarda attack and temperature stress, twelve PoIRFs showed significant and different changes in mRNA levels. The expression of PoIRF1, PoIRF3, PoIRF4a, PoIRF5, PoIRF7, PoIRF8, PoIRF9, PoIRF10 and PoIRF11 could be markedly induced by E. tarda, indicating that they played a key role in the process of antibacterial immunity. Besides, temperature stress could significantly stimulate the expression of PoIRF3, PoIRF5, PoIRF6 and PoIRF7, indicating that they could transmit signals rapidly when the temperature changes. In conclusion, this study reported the molecular properties and expression analysis of PoIRFs, and explored their role in immune response, which laid a favorable foundation for further studies on the evolution and functional characteristics of the IRF family in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiumei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
| | - Qingxi Han
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xubo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; National Engineering Research Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Engineering, Ningbo University, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo University, China.
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