1
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Larson EL, DeMeo DP, Young AB, Margevicius S, Rutter J, Davies AL, Rohan CA, Korman NJ, Travers JB, McCormick TS, Cooper KD. Circulating Monocytes Are Predictive and Responsive in Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis Subjects Treated with Apremilast. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00166-0. [PMID: 38431222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Monocytes play a critical role in the inflammation associated with psoriasis, and their abnormalities have been reported as biomarkers of cardiovascular event risk, a psoriasis comorbidity. Monocytic cells in chronic inflammatory disorders express elevated levels of cAMP phosphodiesterase. Restoring cAMP levels using the oral cAMP phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, apremilast, improves clinical outcomes for a subset of patients with psoriasis. We asked whether aberrant monocyte subsets or transcriptomic pathways can function as biomarkers of psoriasis endotypes that can predict enhanced clinical responses to cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibition. A 16-week open-label study of 22 patients with monocyte flow cytometric and transcriptomic analysis was performed. Subjects with elevated hyperadhesive monocyte doublets at baseline were more likely to be responders to apremilast (P < .0001); 82% of subjects with elevated hyperadhesive monocyte doublets achieved 50% reduction in PASI compared with 46% in those without elevated doublets. We observed a significant reduction in hyperadhesive monocyte-containing doublets and monocyte-platelet aggregates, suggesting an effect of apremilast on the adhesiveness of blood monocytes during chronic inflammation. Monocyte differentially expressed gene transcripts predictive of clinical response uncovered pharmacoendotypes with distinct patterns of nucleotide metabolism, energetics, and differentiation. Further study to understand the basis of drug responsiveness and to develop an apremilast psoriasis treatment algorithm using monocyte-refined gene expression is required to validate and become practical in clinical use, offering patients a test that personalizes their likelihood of clinical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Larson
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
| | - Dustin P DeMeo
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew B Young
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Seunghee Margevicius
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph Rutter
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Amanda L Davies
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Craig A Rohan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton Ohio, Ohio, USA
| | - Neil J Korman
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Travers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton Ohio, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas S McCormick
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kevin D Cooper
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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2
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Hernández-Barrientos D, Pelayo R, Mayani H. The hematopoietic microenvironment: a network of niches for the development of all blood cell lineages. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:404-420. [PMID: 37386890 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) takes place mainly in the bone marrow, within the hematopoietic microenvironment, composed of a number of different cell types and their molecular products that together shape spatially organized and highly specialized microstructures called hematopoietic niches. From the earliest developmental stages and throughout the myeloid and lymphoid lineage differentiation pathways, hematopoietic niches play a crucial role in the preservation of cellular integrity and the regulation of proliferation and differentiation rates. Current evidence suggests that each blood cell lineage develops under specific, discrete niches that support committed progenitor and precursor cells and potentially cooperate with transcriptional programs determining the gradual lineage commitment and specification. This review aims to discuss recent advances on the cellular identity and structural organization of lymphoid, granulocytic, monocytic, megakaryocytic, and erythroid niches throughout the hematopoietic microenvironment and the mechanisms by which they interconnect and regulate viability, maintenance, maturation, and function of the developing blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hernández-Barrientos
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc 330. Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Onco-Immunology Laboratory, Eastern Biomedical Research Center, IMSS, Km 4.5 Atlixco-Metepec, 74360, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Hector Mayani
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc 330. Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
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3
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Goto Y, Hiramatsu Y, Ageyama N, Mathis BJ, Maki N, Matsubara M, Inoue Y, Sato Y. Myeloid Progenitor Inhibitory Factor-1 (CCL23) Inhibits Lung Leukocyte Recruitment in a Primate Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Induced Pulmonary Ischaemia Model. Heart Lung Circ 2023; 32:424-433. [PMID: 36628657 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow (BM)-derived polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and monocytes (MO) induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are highly proteolytic and cause postoperative lung injury. Although CCL23/Myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor-1 is a human CC chemokine with potent suppressor effects on myeloid progenitor cells, in vivo inhibitory effects on BM-derived leukocyte kinetics associated with CPB are unknown. METHODS Two-hour CPB was surgically performed in cynomolgus monkeys and BM-derived leukocytes kinetics were monitored postoperatively by flow cytometry with 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and cytokine ELISA. Monkeys were given CCL23 (n=5) or saline (control, n=5) intravenously daily for 3 days before BrdU labelling and peripheral blood/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) timepoint sampling to reveal BrdU-labelled cells. Levels of cytokines, CD11b, and L-selectin were considered leukocytic activation markers. RESULTS The CCL23 treatment significantly prolonged BM transit of leukocytes (PMNs, 118.4±11.7-95.5±4.1 hours [control]; MO, 91.6±5.0-62.0±3.0 hours [control]) and reduced their alveolar appearance. The BM pool size of MO was decreased by CCL23 but PMNs were unaffected. CD11b, L-selectin expression of PMNs and MO during CPB, and post-surgical increases of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, TNF-α, MCP-1, and PMN elastase in the BALF were not suppressed. CONCLUSIONS CCL23 treatment slows turnover of PMN and MO progenitors in BM and suppresses their circulatory release and lung recruitment. CCL23 has inhibitory effects specifically on the CPB-induced BM response and could hold value for preventing CPB-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinobu Goto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Yuji Hiramatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naohide Ageyama
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Bryan J Mathis
- International Medical Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naoki Maki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Muneaki Matsubara
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Inoue
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yukio Sato
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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4
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IL-10 Dysregulation Underlies Chemokine Insufficiency, Delayed Macrophage Response, and Impaired Healing in Diabetic Wounds. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:692-704.e14. [PMID: 34517005 PMCID: PMC8860852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.08.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Persistent inflammation is a major contributor to healing impairment in diabetic chronic wounds. Paradoxically, diabetic wound environment during the acute phase of healing is completely different because it exhibits a reduced macrophage response owing to inadequate expression of CCL2 proinflammatory cytokine. What causes a reduction in CCL2 expression in diabetic wounds early after injury remains unknown. In this study, we report that in contrast to prolonged exposure to high glucose, which makes monocytes proinflammatory, short-term exposure to high glucose causes a rapid monocyte reprogramming, manifested by increased expression and secretion of IL-10, which in an autocrine/paracrine fashion reduces glucose uptake and transforms monocytes into an anti-inflammatory phenotype by dampening signaling through toll-like receptors. We show that IL-10 expression is significantly increased in diabetic wounds during the acute phase of healing, causing significant reductions in toll-like receptor signaling and proinflammatory cytokine production, delaying macrophage and leukocyte responses, and underlying healing impairment in diabetic wounds. Importantly, blocking IL-10 signaling during the acute phase of healing improves toll-like receptor signaling, increases proinflammatory cytokine production, enhances macrophage and leukocyte responses, and stimulates healing in diabetic wounds. We posit that anti-IL-10 strategies have therapeutic potential if added topically after surgical debridement, which resets chronic wounds into acute fresh wounds.
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Wieghofer P, Engelbert M, Chui TYP, Rosen RB, Sakamoto T, Sebag J. Hyalocyte origin, structure, and imaging. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022; 17:233-248. [PMID: 36632192 PMCID: PMC9831111 DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2022.2100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Hyalocytes have been recognized as resident tissue macrophages of the vitreous body since the mid-19th century. Despite this, knowledge about their origin, turnover, and dynamics is limited. Areas covered Historically, initial studies on the origin of hyalocytes used light and electron microscopy. Modern investigations across species including rodents and humans will be described. Novel imaging is now available to study human hyalocytes in vivo. The shared ontogeny with retinal microglia and their eventual interdependence as well as differences will be discussed. Expert opinion Owing to a common origin as myeloid cells, hyalocytes and retinal microglia have similarities, but hyalocytes appear to be distinct as resident macrophages of the vitreous body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wieghofer
- Cellular Neuroanatomy, Institute of Theoretical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 2, 86159 Augsburg, Germany,Corresponding authors: Peter Wieghofer. , J Sebag.
| | - Michael Engelbert
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY 10022, USA.,LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Toco YP Chui
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Richard B Rosen
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - J Sebag
- Doheny Eye Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Clinical Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,VMR Institute for Vitreous Macula Retina, Huntington Beach, CA, USA.,Corresponding authors: Peter Wieghofer. , J Sebag.
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6
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Yang Y, Ma L, Wang C, Song M, Li C, Chen M, Zhou J, Mei C. Matrix metalloproteinase-7 in platelet-activated macrophages accounts for cardiac remodeling in uremic mice. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Teh YC, Ding JL, Ng LG, Chong SZ. Capturing the Fantastic Voyage of Monocytes Through Time and Space. Front Immunol 2019; 10:834. [PMID: 31040854 PMCID: PMC6476989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are a subset of cells that are categorized together with dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages in the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). Despite sharing several phenotypic and functional characteristics with MPS cells, monocytes are unique cells with the ability to function as both precursor and effector cells in their own right. Before the development of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in utero, monocytes are derived from erythro-myeloid precursors (EMPs) in the fetal liver that are important for populating the majority of tissue resident macrophages. After birth, monocytes arise from bone marrow (BM)-derived HSCs and are released into the circulation upon their maturation, where they survey peripheral tissues and maintain endothelial integrity. Upon sensing of microbial breaches or inflammatory stimuli, monocytes migrate into tissues where their plasticity allows them to differentiate into cells that resemble macrophages or DCs according to the environmental niche. Alternatively, they may also migrate into tissues in the absence of inflammation and remain in an undifferentiated state where they perform homeostatic roles. As monocytes are typically on the move, the availability of intravital imaging approaches has provided further insights into their trafficking patterns in distinct tissue compartments. In this review, we outline the importance of understanding their functional behavior in the context of tissue compartments, and how these studies may contribute towards improved vaccine and future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chean Teh
- Functional Immune Imaging, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeak Ling Ding
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Functional Immune Imaging, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Immunology Programme, Life Science Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu Zhen Chong
- Functional Immune Imaging, Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore
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8
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Goto Y, Hiramatsu Y, Ageyama N, Sato S, Mathis BJ, Kitazawa S, Matsubara M, Sakamoto H, Sato Y. Rolipram plus Sivelestat inhibits bone marrow-derived leukocytic lung recruitment after cardiopulmonary bypass in a primate model. J Artif Organs 2018; 22:44-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s10047-018-1071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Lakritz JR, Yalamanchili S, Polydefkis MJ, Miller AD, McGrath MS, Williams KC, Burdo TH. An oral form of methylglyoxal-bis-guanylhydrazone reduces monocyte activation and traffic to the dorsal root ganglia in a primate model of HIV-peripheral neuropathy. J Neurovirol 2017; 23:568-576. [PMID: 28462488 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-017-0529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a major comorbidity of HIV infection that is caused in part by chronic immune activation. HIV-PN is associated with infiltration of monocytes/macrophages to the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) causing neuronal loss and formation of Nageotte nodules. Here, we used an oral form of methylglyoxal-bis-guanylhydrazone (MGBG), a polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor, to specifically reduce activation of myeloid cells. MGBG is selectively taken up by monocyte/macrophages in vitro and inhibits HIV p24 expression and DNA viral integration in macrophages. Here, MGBG was administered to nine SIV-infected, CD8-depleted rhesus macaques at 21 days post-infection (dpi). An additional nine SIV-infected, CD8-depleted rhesus macaques were used as untreated controls. Cell traffic to tissues was measured by in vivo BrdU pulse labeling. MGBG treatment significantly diminished DRG histopathology and reduced the number of CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages in DRG tissue. The number of recently trafficked BrdU+ cells in the DRG was significantly reduced with MGBG treatment. Despite diminished DRG pathology, intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) did not recover after treatment with MGBG. These data suggest that MGBG alleviated DRG pathology and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrew D Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Michael S McGrath
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Medicine and Pathology, University of California at San Franscisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Tricia H Burdo
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB 755, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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10
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Edey LF, O'Dea KP, Herbert BR, Hua R, Waddington SN, MacIntyre DA, Bennett PR, Takata M, Johnson MR. The Local and Systemic Immune Response to Intrauterine LPS in the Prepartum Mouse. Biol Reprod 2016; 95:125. [PMID: 27760748 PMCID: PMC5333944 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.143289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a key role in human term and preterm labor (PTL). Intrauterine LPS has been widely used to model inflammation-induced complications of pregnancy, including PTL. It has been shown to induce an intense myometrial inflammatory cell infiltration, but the role of LPS-induced inflammatory cell activation in labor onset and fetal demise is unclear. We investigated this using a mouse model of PTL, where an intrauterine injection of 10 μg of LPS (serotype 0111:B4) was given at E16 of CD1 mouse pregnancy. This dose induced PTL at an average of 12.7 h postinjection in association with 85% fetal demise. Flow cytometry showed that LPS induced a dramatic systemic inflammatory response provoking a rapid and marked leucocyte infiltration into the maternal lung and liver in association with increased cytokine levels. Although there was acute placental inflammatory gene expression, there was no corresponding increase in fetal brain inflammatory gene expression until after fetal demise. There was marked myometrial activation of NFκB and MAPK/AP-1 systems in association with increased chemokine and cytokine levels, both of which peaked with the onset of parturition. Myometrial macrophage and neutrophil numbers were greater in the LPS-injected mice with labor onset only; prior to labor, myometrial neutrophils and monocytes numbers were greater in PBS-injected mice, but this was not associated with an earlier onset of labor. These data suggest that intrauterine LPS induces parturition directly, independent of myometrial inflammatory cell infiltration, and that fetal demise occurs without fetal inflammation. Intrauterine LPS provokes a marked local and systemic inflammatory response but with limited inflammatory cell infiltration into the myometrium or placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia F Edey
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Academic Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kieran P O'Dea
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bronwen R Herbert
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Academic Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Renyi Hua
- The International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institute (IPMCH), Shanghai, China
| | - Simon N Waddington
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - David A MacIntyre
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus DuCane Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip R Bennett
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus DuCane Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Masao Takata
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Johnson
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Academic Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Chong SZ, Evrard M, Devi S, Chen J, Lim JY, See P, Zhang Y, Adrover JM, Lee B, Tan L, Li JLY, Liong KH, Phua C, Balachander A, Boey A, Liebl D, Tan SM, Chan JKY, Balabanian K, Harris JE, Bianchini M, Weber C, Duchene J, Lum J, Poidinger M, Chen Q, Rénia L, Wang CI, Larbi A, Randolph GJ, Weninger W, Looney MR, Krummel MF, Biswas SK, Ginhoux F, Hidalgo A, Bachelerie F, Ng LG. CXCR4 identifies transitional bone marrow premonocytes that replenish the mature monocyte pool for peripheral responses. J Exp Med 2016; 213:2293-2314. [PMID: 27811056 PMCID: PMC5068243 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that Ly6Chi monocytes develop from common monocyte progenitors (cMoPs) and reside in the bone marrow (BM) until they are mobilized into the circulation. In our study, we found that BM Ly6Chi monocytes are not a homogenous population, as current data would suggest. Using computational analysis approaches to interpret multidimensional datasets, we demonstrate that BM Ly6Chi monocytes consist of two distinct subpopulations (CXCR4hi and CXCR4lo subpopulations) in both mice and humans. Transcriptome studies and in vivo assays revealed functional differences between the two subpopulations. Notably, the CXCR4hi subset proliferates and is immobilized in the BM for the replenishment of functionally mature CXCR4lo monocytes. We propose that the CXCR4hi subset represents a transitional premonocyte population, and that this sequential step of maturation from cMoPs serves to maintain a stable pool of BM monocytes. Additionally, reduced CXCR4 expression on monocytes, upon their exit into the circulation, does not reflect its diminished role in monocyte biology. Specifically, CXCR4 regulates monocyte peripheral cellular activities by governing their circadian oscillations and pulmonary margination, which contributes toward lung injury and sepsis mortality. Together, our study demonstrates the multifaceted role of CXCR4 in defining BM monocyte heterogeneity and in regulating their function in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhen Chong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Maximilien Evrard
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Sapna Devi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Jyue Yuan Lim
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Peter See
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138673 Singapore
| | - José M Adrover
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Leonard Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Jackson L Y Li
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Ka Hang Liong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Cindy Phua
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Akhila Balachander
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Adrian Boey
- Institute of Medical Biology (IMB)-Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB) Electron Microscopy Suite, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138671 Singapore
| | - David Liebl
- Institute of Medical Biology (IMB)-Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB) Electron Microscopy Suite, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138671 Singapore
| | - Suet Mien Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Jerry K Y Chan
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119228 Singapore.,Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 229899 Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857 Singapore
| | - Karl Balabanian
- INSERM UMR-S996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - John E Harris
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Mariaelvy Bianchini
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Johan Duchene
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Josephine Lum
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Michael Poidinger
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138673 Singapore
| | - Laurent Rénia
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Cheng-I Wang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | | | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Centenary Institute for Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newton, New South Wales 2042, Australia
| | - Mark R Looney
- Department of Medicine and Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Medicine and Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Subhra K Biswas
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Françoise Bachelerie
- INSERM UMR-S996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore .,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
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12
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Sugimoto C, Hasegawa A, Saito Y, Fukuyo Y, Chiu KB, Cai Y, Breed MW, Mori K, Roy CJ, Lackner AA, Kim WK, Didier ES, Kuroda MJ. Differentiation Kinetics of Blood Monocytes and Dendritic Cells in Macaques: Insights to Understanding Human Myeloid Cell Development. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:1774-81. [PMID: 26179903 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte and dendritic cell (DC) development was evaluated using in vivo BrdU pulse-chase analyses in rhesus macaques, and phenotype analyses of these cells in blood also were assessed by immunostaining and flow cytometry for comparisons among rhesus, cynomolgus, and pigtail macaques, as well as African green monkeys and humans. The nonhuman primate species and humans have three subsets of monocytes, CD14(+)CD16(-), CD14(+)CD16(+), and CD14(-)CD16(+) cells, which correspond to classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocytes, respectively. In addition, there exist presently two subsets of DC, BDCA-1(+) myeloid DC and CD123(+) plasmacytoid DC, that were first confirmed in rhesus macaque blood. Following BrdU inoculation, labeled cells first appeared in CD14(+)CD16(-) monocytes, then in CD14(+)CD16(+) cells, and finally in CD14(-)CD16(+) cells, thus defining different stages of monocyte maturation. A fraction of the classical CD14(+)CD16(-) monocytes gradually expressed CD16(+) to become CD16(+)CD14(+) cells and subsequently matured into the nonclassical CD14(-)CD16(+) cell subset. The differentiation kinetics of BDCA-1(+) myeloid DC and CD123(+) plasmacytoid DC were distinct from the monocyte subsets, indicating differences in their myeloid cell origins. Results from studies utilizing nonhuman primates provide valuable information about the turnover, kinetics, and maturation of the different subsets of monocytes and DC using approaches that cannot readily be performed in humans and support further analyses to continue examining the unique myeloid cell origins that may be applied to address disease pathogenesis mechanisms and intervention strategies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Sugimoto
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Atsuhiko Hasegawa
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Yohei Saito
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Yayoi Fukuyo
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Kevin B Chiu
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Yanhui Cai
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Matthew W Breed
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Kazuyasu Mori
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Chad J Roy
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433; and
| | - Andrew A Lackner
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Woong-Ki Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507
| | - Elizabeth S Didier
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433; and
| | - Marcelo J Kuroda
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433;
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13
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Goto Y, Hiramatsu Y, Ageyama N, Sato S, Kanemoto S, Sato Y, Sakakibara Y. Cardiopulmonary Bypass Induces Recruitment of Bone Marrow–Derived Leukocytes to the Lungs in Monkeys. Ann Thorac Surg 2014; 97:617-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Calverley M, Erickson S, Read AJ, Harmsen AG. Resident alveolar macrophages are susceptible to and permissive of Coxiella burnetii infection. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51941. [PMID: 23284825 PMCID: PMC3526480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, is a zoonotic disease with potentially life-threatening complications in humans. Inhalation of low doses of Coxiella bacteria can result in infection of the host alveolar macrophage (AM). However, it is not known whether a subset of AMs within the heterogeneous population of macrophages in the infected lung is particularly susceptible to infection. We have found that lower doses of both phase I and phase II Nine Mile C. burnetii multiply and are less readily cleared from the lungs of mice compared to higher infectious doses. We have additionally identified AM resident within the lung prior to and shortly following infection, opposed to newly recruited monocytes entering the lung during infection, as being most susceptible to infection. These resident cells remain infected up to twelve days after the onset of infection, serving as a permissive niche for the maintenance of bacterial infection. A subset of infected resident AMs undergo a distinguishing phenotypic change during the progression of infection exhibiting an increase in surface integrin CD11b expression and continued expression of the surface integrin CD11c. The low rate of phase I and II Nine Mile C. burnetii growth in murine lungs may be a direct result of the limited size of the susceptible resident AM cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Calverley
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Sara Erickson
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Amanda J. Read
- Office of the Senior Associate Vice President for Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Allen G. Harmsen
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AGH)
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15
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Miyata R, Bai N, Vincent R, Sin DD, Van Eeden SF. Novel properties of statins: suppression of the systemic and bone marrow responses induced by exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM(10)) air pollution. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012; 303:L492-9. [PMID: 22797249 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00154.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM(10) elicits systemic inflammatory responses that include the stimulation of bone marrow and progression of atherosclerosis. The present study was designed to assess the effect of repeated exposure of PM(10) on the turnover and release of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) from the bone marrow into the circulation and the effect of lovastatin on the PM(10)-induced bone marrow stimulation. Rabbits exposed to PM(10)three times a week for 3 wk, were given a bolus of 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine to label dividing cells in the marrow to calculate the transit time of PMNs in the mitotic or postmitotic pool. PM(10) exposure accelerated the turnover of PMNs by shortening their transit time through the marrow (64.8 ± 1.9 h vs. 34.3 ± 7.4 h, P < 0.001, control vs. PM(10)). This was predominantly due to a rapid transit of PMNs through the postmitotic pool (47.9 ± 0.7 h vs. 21.3 ± 4.3 h, P < 0.001, control vs. PM(10)) but not through the mitotic pool. Lovastatin delayed the transit time of postmitotic PMNs (38.2 ± 0.5 h, P < 0.001 vs. PM(10)) and shifted the postmitotic PMN release peak from 30 h to 48 h. PM(10) exposure induced the prolonged retention of newly released PMNs in the lung, which was reduced by lovastatin (P < 0.01). PM(10) exposure increased plasma interleukin-6 levels with significant reduction by lovastatin (P < 0.01). We conclude that lovastatin downregulates the PM(10)-induced overactive bone marrow by attenuating PM(10)-induced systemic inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Miyata
- UBC James Hogg Research Centre, St. Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, UK
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16
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Abstract
Vascular inflammation is associated with and in large part driven by changes in the leukocyte compartment of the vessel wall. Here, we focus on monocyte influx during atherosclerosis, the most common form of vascular inflammation. Although the arterial wall contains a large number of resident macrophages and some resident dendritic cells, atherosclerosis drives a rapid influx of inflammatory monocytes (Ly-6C(+) in mice) and other monocytes (Ly-6C(-) in mice, also known as patrolling monocytes). Once in the vessel wall, Ly-6C(+) monocytes differentiate to a phenotype consistent with inflammatory macrophages and inflammatory dendritic cells. The phenotype of these cells is modulated by lipid uptake, Toll-like receptor ligands, hematopoietic growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. In addition to newly recruited macrophages, it is likely that resident macrophages also change their phenotype. Monocyte-derived inflammatory macrophages have a short half-life. After undergoing apoptosis, they may be taken up by surrounding macrophages or, if the phagocytic capacity is overwhelmed, can undergo secondary necrosis, a key event in forming the necrotic core of atherosclerotic lesions. In this review, we discuss these and other processes associated with monocytic cell dynamics in the vascular wall and their role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Ley
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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17
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Ueha S, Shand FHW, Matsushima K. Myeloid cell population dynamics in healthy and tumor-bearing mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2011; 11:783-8. [PMID: 21406269 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumor growth is often associated with the aberrant systemic accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which are a heterogenous population of cells composed of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and early myeloid precursors. These MDSCs are thought to suppress anti-tumor T cell responses in both tumor tissues and secondary lymphoid tissues. Accumulation of MDSCs in these target tissues is a dynamic process associated with medullary and extramedullary myelopoiesis and subsequent cellular migration. Here, we review the current understanding of the cellular, molecular, hematological and anatomical principles of MDSC development and migration in tumor-bearing mice. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of chemokines that influence the balance between MDSC subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ueha
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Marinaro M, Mari V, Bellacicco AL, Tarsitano E, Elia G, Losurdo M, Rezza G, Buonavoglia C, Decaro N. Prolonged depletion of circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes and acute monocytosis after pantropic canine coronavirus infection in dogs. Virus Res 2010; 152:73-8. [PMID: 20558216 PMCID: PMC7114409 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A hypervirulent strain (CB/05) of canine coronavirus was employed to infect oronasally 11-week-old pups. Peripheral blood monocytes (CD14+), T lymphocytes (CD4+ and CD8+) and B lymphocytes (CD21+) were studied by flow cytometry within 5 days post-infection (p.i.) and at later time points. Infection with CB/05 resulted in a profound depletion of T cells and a slight loss of B cells in the first week p.i. In particular, while the CD8+ and the B lymphocytes returned to baseline levels by day 7 p.i., the CD4+ T cells remained significantly low until day 30 p.i. and recovered completely only at day 60 p.i. Monocytosis was also observed after CB/05 infection with a peak at day 5 p.i. The prolonged depletion of peripheral CD4+ T cells did not alter the levels of serum IgG or IgM. The impact of CB/05 infection on the immune performance of infected pups is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosaria Marinaro
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy.
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19
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Burdo TH, Soulas C, Orzechowski K, Button J, Krishnan A, Sugimoto C, Alvarez X, Kuroda MJ, Williams KC. Increased monocyte turnover from bone marrow correlates with severity of SIV encephalitis and CD163 levels in plasma. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1000842. [PMID: 20419144 PMCID: PMC2855320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells of the myeloid lineage are significant targets for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in monkeys. Monocytes play critical roles in innate and adaptive immunity during inflammation. We hypothesize that specific subsets of monocytes expand with AIDS and drive central nervous system (CNS) disease. Additionally, there may be expansion of cells from the bone marrow through blood with subsequent macrophage accumulation in tissues driving pathogenesis. To identify monocytes that recently emigrated from bone marrow, we used 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling in a longitudinal study of SIV-infected CD8+ T lymphocyte depleted macaques. Monocyte expansion and kinetics in blood was assessed and newly migrated monocyte/macrophages were identified within the CNS. Five animals developed rapid AIDS with differing severity of SIVE. The percentages of BrdU+ monocytes in these animals increased dramatically, early after infection, peaking at necropsy where the percentage of BrdU+ monocytes correlated with the severity of SIVE. Early analysis revealed changes in the percentages of BrdU+ monocytes between slow and rapid progressors as early as 8 days and consistently by 27 days post infection. Soluble CD163 (sCD163) in plasma correlated with the percentage of BrdU+ monocytes in blood, demonstrating a relationship between monocyte activation and expansion with disease. BrdU+ monocytes/macrophages were found within perivascular spaces and SIVE lesions. The majority (80–90%) of the BrdU+ cells were Mac387+ that were not productively infected. There was a minor population of CD68+BrdU+ cells (<10%), very few of which were infected (<1% of total BrdU+ cells). Our results suggest that an increased rate of monocyte recruitment from bone marrow into the blood correlates with rapid progression to AIDS, and the magnitude of BrdU+ monocytes correlates with the severity of SIVE. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the closely related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) can infect monocyte/macrophages, which enter and accumulate in the brain leading to neuronal dysfunction. Monocyte/macrophages exit the bone marrow, transit through the blood and enter the central nervous system (CNS). What triggers these cells to traffic is undefined, but it occurs in normal non-infected conditions at a rate that is accelerated with viral infection. Here, we used 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) injection and incorporation into the DNA of monocytes prior to their departure from the bone marrow. We found that the percentage of BrdU+ monocytes leaving the bone marrow 24 hours after injection increased in animals that rapidly succumbed to AIDS and correlated with the severity of SIV encephalitis (SIVE). Differences in BrdU labeled monocytes in slow and rapid progressors were revealed as early as 8 days and were consistent by 27 days post infection. Soluble CD163, shed by activated monocyte/macrophages, directly correlated with BrdU+ monocyte expansion. Our study provides new insights into the development of HIV-related CNS disease and underscores the importance of monocyte/macrophage recruitment from the bone marrow as an AIDS defining event.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/blood
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/blood
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/immunology
- Bone Marrow Cells/immunology
- Cell Separation
- Encephalitis, Viral/etiology
- Encephalitis, Viral/immunology
- Encephalitis, Viral/pathology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Flow Cytometry
- Immunohistochemistry
- Macaca
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Monocytes/immunology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/blood
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/pathology
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
- Viral Load
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia H. Burdo
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Caroline Soulas
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Krystyna Orzechowski
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jessica Button
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anitha Krishnan
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Chie Sugimoto
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Science Center, Covington, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Xavier Alvarez
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Science Center, Covington, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Marcelo J. Kuroda
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Science Center, Covington, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Kenneth C. Williams
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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20
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Kuroda MJ. Macrophages: do they impact AIDS progression more than CD4 T cells? J Leukoc Biol 2010; 87:569-73. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0909626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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21
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Zhu SN, Chen M, Jongstra-Bilen J, Cybulsky MI. GM-CSF regulates intimal cell proliferation in nascent atherosclerotic lesions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 206:2141-9. [PMID: 19752185 PMCID: PMC2757868 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20090866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of intimal cell proliferation to the formation of early atherosclerotic lesions is poorly understood. We combined 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine pulse labeling with sensitive en face immunoconfocal microscopy analysis, and quantified intimal cell proliferation and Ly-6Chigh monocyte recruitment in low density lipoprotein receptor–null mice. Cell proliferation begins in nascent lesions preferentially at their periphery, and proliferating cells accumulate in lesions over time. Although intimal cell proliferation increases in parallel to monocyte recruitment as lesions grow, proliferation continues when monocyte recruitment is inhibited. The majority of proliferating intimal cells are dendritic cells expressing CD11c and major histocompatibility complex class II and 33D1, but not CD11b. Systemic injection of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) markedly increased cell proliferation in early lesions, whereas function-blocking anti–GM-CSF antibody inhibited proliferation. These findings establish GM-CSF as a key regulator of intimal cell proliferation in lesions, and demonstrate that both proliferation and monocyte recruitment contribute to the inception of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ning Zhu
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
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22
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Boyer AE, Quinn CP, Hoffmaster AR, Kozel TR, Saile E, Marston CK, Percival A, Plikaytis BD, Woolfitt AR, Gallegos M, Sabourin P, McWilliams LG, Pirkle JL, Barr JR. Kinetics of lethal factor and poly-D-glutamic acid antigenemia during inhalation anthrax in rhesus macaques. Infect Immun 2009; 77:3432-41. [PMID: 19506008 PMCID: PMC2715684 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00346-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Revised: 05/05/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic anthrax manifests as toxemia, rapidly disseminating septicemia, immune collapse, and death. Virulence factors include the anti-phagocytic gamma-linked poly-d-glutamic acid (PGA) capsule and two binary toxins, complexes of protective antigen (PA) with lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. We report the characterization of LF, PA, and PGA levels during the course of inhalation anthrax in five rhesus macaques. We describe bacteremia, blood differentials, and detection of the PA gene (pagA) by PCR analysis of the blood as confirmation of infection. For four of five animals tested, LF exhibited a triphasic kinetic profile. LF levels (mean +/- standard error [SE] between animals) were low at 24 h postchallenge (0.03 +/- 1.82 ng/ml), increased at 48 h to 39.53 +/- 0.12 ng/ml (phase 1), declined at 72 h to 13.31 +/- 0.24 ng/ml (phase 2), and increased at 96 h (82.78 +/- 2.01 ng/ml) and 120 h (185.12 +/- 5.68 ng/ml; phase 3). The fifth animal had an extended phase 2. PGA levels were triphasic; they were nondetectable at 24 h, increased at 48 h (2,037 +/- 2 ng/ml), declined at 72 h (14 +/- 0.2 ng/ml), and then increased at 96 h (3,401 +/- 8 ng/ml) and 120 h (6,004 +/- 187 ng/ml). Bacteremia was also triphasic: positive at 48 h, negative at 72 h, and positive at euthanasia. Blood neutrophils increased from preexposure (34.4% +/- 0.13%) to 48 h (75.6% +/- 0.08%) and declined at 72 h (62.4% +/- 0.05%). The 72-h declines may establish a "go/no go" turning point in infection, after which systemic bacteremia ensues and the host's condition deteriorates. This study emphasizes the value of LF detection as a tool for early diagnosis of inhalation anthrax before the onset of fulminant systemic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Boyer
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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23
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The level of monocyte turnover predicts disease progression in the macaque model of AIDS. Blood 2009; 114:2917-25. [PMID: 19383966 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-02-204263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that destruction of CD4(+) T cells and viral load are the primary markers for immunodeficiency in HIV-1-infected humans and in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques. However, monocyte/macrophages are also important targets of HIV/SIV infection and a critical link between innate and adaptive immunity. We therefore examined whether changes in cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage could be linked to the pathogenesis of AIDS in the rhesus macaque model. Here, we show that massive turnover of peripheral monocytes associated with death of tissue macrophages correlates with AIDS progression in macaques. More importantly, the level of monocyte turnover was not linked to the CD4(+) T-cell count and was a better predictive marker for AIDS progression than was viral load or lymphocyte activation. Our results show the importance of monocyte/macrophages in the pathogenesis of AIDS and suggest the dynamic changes of the monocyte/macrophages as a new marker for AIDS progression.
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24
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Kepler GM, Banks HT, Davidian M, Rosenberg ES. A Model for HCMV Infection in Immunosuppressed Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 49:1653-1663. [PMID: 20161307 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcm.2008.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We propose a model for HCMV infection in healthy and immunosuppressed patients. First, we present the biological model and formulate a system of ordinary differential equations to describe the pathogenesis of primary HCMV infection in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed individuals. We then investigate how clinical data can be applied to this model. Approximate parameter values for the model are derived from data available in the literature and from mathematical and physiological considerations. Simulations with the approximated parameter values demonstrates that the model is capable of describing primary, latent, and secondary (reactivated) HCMV infection. Reactivation simulations with this model provide a window into the dynamics of HCMV infection in (D-R+) transplant situations, where latently-infected recipients (R+) receive transplant tissue from HCMV-naive donors (D-).
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Kepler
- Center for Research in Scientific Computation, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8205
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25
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Chemokine-mediated rapid turnover of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor-bearing mice. Blood 2008; 111:5457-66. [PMID: 18375791 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-01-136895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor growth is associated with aberrant myelopoiesis, including the accumulation of CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that have the potential to promote tumor growth. However, the identity, growth, and migration of tumor-associated MDSCs remain undefined. We demonstrate herein that MDSCs at tumor site were composed primarily of bone marrow-derived CD11b(+)Gr-1(hi)Ly-6C(int) neutrophils and CD11b(+)Gr-1(int/dull)Ly-6C(hi) macrophages. Unexpectedly, in vivo bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling and parabiosis experiments revealed that tumor-infiltrating macrophages were replenished more rapidly than neutrophils. CCR2 deficiency caused striking conversion of infiltrating cellular dominance from macrophages to neutrophils in the tumor with the excessive production of CXCR2 ligands and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in the tumor without affecting tumor growth. Overall, our data established the identity and dynamics of MDSCs in a tumor-bearing host mediated by chemokines and elucidated unexpected effects of the paucity of macrophages on tumor development.
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26
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Suzuki H, Hogg JC, van Eeden SF. Sequestration and homing of bone marrow-derived lineage negative progenitor cells in the lung during pneumococcal pneumonia. Respir Res 2008; 9:25. [PMID: 18315863 PMCID: PMC2292714 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-9-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2007] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow (BM)-derived progenitor cells have been shown to have the potential to differentiate into a diversity of cell types involved in tissue repair. The characteristics of these progenitor cells in pneumonia lung is unknown. We have previously shown that Streptococcus pneumoniae induces a strong stimulus for the release of leukocytes from the BM and these leukocytes preferentially sequester in the lung capillaries. Here we report the behavior of BM-derived lineage negative progenitor cells (Lin- PCs) during pneumococcal pneumonia using quantum dots (QDs), nanocrystal fluorescent probes as a cell-tracking technique. Methods Whole BM cells or purified Lin- PCs, harvested from C57/BL6 mice, were labeled with QDs and intravenously transfused into pneumonia mice infected by intratracheal instillation of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Saline was instilled for control. The recipients were sacrificed 2 and 24 hours following infusion and QD-positive cells retained in the circulation, BM and lungs were quantified. Results Pneumonia prolonged the clearance of Lin- PCs from the circulation compared with control (21.7 ± 2.7% vs. 7.7 ± 0.9%, at 2 hours, P < 0.01), caused preferential sequestration of Lin- PCs in the lung microvessels (43.3 ± 8.6% vs. 11.2 ± 3.9%, at 2 hours, P < 0.05), and homing of these cells to both the lung (15.1 ± 3.6% vs. 2.4 ± 1.2%, at 24 hours, P < 0.05) and BM as compared to control (18.5 ± 0.8% vs. 9.5 ± 0.4%, at 24 hours, P < 0.01). Very few Lin- PCs migrated into air spaces. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated that BM-derived progenitor cells are preferentially sequestered and retained in pneumonic mouse lungs. These cells potentially contribute to the repair of damaged lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Suzuki
- The James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, St, Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Room 166, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
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Zhang Z, Zhang ZY, Fauser U, Schluesener HJ. FTY720 ameliorates experimental autoimmune neuritis by inhibition of lymphocyte and monocyte infiltration into peripheral nerves. Exp Neurol 2008; 210:681-90. [PMID: 18261728 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2007] [Revised: 12/02/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune demyelinating inflammatory disease of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). T cells and macrophages are essential for the initiation and development of EAN. FTY720 acts as an agonist of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors, resulting in inhibition of lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid tissues and thymocytes from thymus. This investigation describes the immunosuppressive effects of FTY720 in EAN, the animal model of autoimmune neuropathies. FTY720 (1 mg/kg body weight) completely suppressed paraparesis if administrated from the day of immunization. Furthermore, FTY720 greatly reduced the severity and duration of EAN even when administrated after the appearance of the first neurological sign. T cell, B cell, and macrophage infiltration and demyelination of sciatic nerves were significantly decreased in FTY720-treated EAN. Therefore, FTY720 might be a potential candidate for treatment of inflammatory neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiren Zhang
- Institute of Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Calwer Street 3, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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Yatera K, Hsieh J, Hogg JC, Tranfield E, Suzuki H, Shih CH, Behzad AR, Vincent R, van Eeden SF. Particulate matter air pollution exposure promotes recruitment of monocytes into atherosclerotic plaques. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 294:H944-53. [PMID: 18083905 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00406.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have shown an association between exposure to ambient particulate air pollution <10 microm in diameter (PM(10)) and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We previously showed that PM(10) exposure causes progression of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries. We postulate that the recruitment of monocytes from the circulation into atherosclerotic lesions is a key step in this PM(10)-induced acceleration of atherosclerosis. The study objective was to quantify the recruitment of circulating monocytes into vessel walls and the progression of atherosclerotic plaques induced by exposure to PM(10). Female Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits, which naturally develop systemic atherosclerosis, were exposed to PM(10) (EHC-93) or vehicle by intratracheal instillation twice a week for 4 wk. Monocytes, labeled with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) in donors, were transfused to recipient rabbits as whole blood, and the recruitment of BrdU-labeled cells into vessel walls and plaques in recipients was measured by quantitative histological methodology. Exposure to PM(10) caused progression of atherosclerotic lesions in thoracic and abdominal aorta. It also decreased circulating monocyte counts, decreased circulating monocytes expressing high levels of CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1) and CD49d (very late antigen-4 alpha-chain), and increased expression of CD54 (ICAM-1) and CD106 (VCAM-1) in plaques. Exposure to PM(10) increased the number of BrdU-labeled monocytes adherent to endothelium over plaques and increased the migration of BrdU-labeled monocytes into plaques and smooth muscle underneath plaques. We conclude that exposure to ambient air pollution particles promotes the recruitment of circulating monocytes into atherosclerotic plaques and speculate that this is a critically important step in the PM(10)-induced progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yatera
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, University of British Columbia, Saint Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an important experimental tool and therapeutic modality. Its efficacy and toxicity are both linked to a GvH reaction that is initiated by donor T cells recognizing recipient APC, of which DC are the most potent. In most tissues recipient DC are replaced after transplantation because they turnover rapidly from BM-derived precursors. However, in a number of sites, notably the skin, recipient DC may persist and even self-renew for many months after transplantation. Understanding the homeostasis of different APC populations and how they are related to the induction of alloreactivity may help to improve the therapeutic benefit of transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Collin
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical School, New York, New York 10029, USA.
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van Eeden SF, Sin DD. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a chronic systemic inflammatory disease. Respiration 2007; 75:224-38. [PMID: 18042978 DOI: 10.1159/000111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Accepted: 09/14/2007] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic inflammation in both the airways causing airway obstruction and the lung tissues causing emphysema. The disease is induced by inhalation of noxious gasses and particulate matter resulting in a chronic persistent inflammatory response in the lung, and the extent of the inflammatory reaction correlates with the severity of the disease. This chronic inflammatory response in the lung is also associated with a significant systemic inflammatory response with downstream adverse clinical health effects. The systemic response in COPD is associated with mortality, specifically cardiovascular mortality. This review describes the nature of the systemic inflammatory response in COPD and the clinical manifestations associated with the systemic response, with a focus on the potential mechanisms for these adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan F van Eeden
- James Hogg iCapture Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, University of British Columbia, and Respiratory Division, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
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Efstathopoulos N, Tsaganos T, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Kaldis P, Nicolaou V, Papalois A, Koutoukas P, Papachristou G, Giamarellou H. Early apoptosis of monocytes contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory response and of bacterial translocation in an experimental model of multiple trauma. Clin Exp Immunol 2006; 145:139-46. [PMID: 16792684 PMCID: PMC1942000 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03112.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of apoptosis of monocytes in an experimental model of multiple trauma and its probable correlation to bacterial translocation. Thirty-two rabbits were applied in three groups: A, controls; B, myotomy of the right femur; and C, myotomy and fracture of the right femur. Blood was sampled for the estimation of endotoxins [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)], tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, malondialdehyde (MDA) and isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs, derived after centrifugation over Ficoll, were incubated in flasks and apoptosis of non-adherent lymphocytes and adherent monocytes was estimated after staining for Annexin-V and flow cytometry. TNF-alpha of supernatants of cultured monocytes was also determined. Tissue segments were cultured after death. Median survival of groups A, B and C was > 14, > 14 and 9.00 days, respectively. Apoptosis of lymphocytes in group C was higher than group A at 2, 4 and 48 h and of monocytes in group C higher than group A at 2 and 4 hours. LPS in group C was higher than group A at 2, 4 and 48 h. Apoptosis of lymphocytes and monocytes was correlated positively with serum TNF-alpha and negatively with TNF-alpha of monocyte supernatants. Cultures of organ segments of group A were sterile. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from liver, lung and spleen in five animals in group B (45.45%) and in six in group C (54.54%). Early apoptosis of blood monocytes supervened after multiple trauma; the phenomenon was accompanied by apoptosis of blood lymphocytes and subsequent bacterial translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Efstathopoulos
- 2nd Department of Orthopaedics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Jongstra-Bilen J, Haidari M, Zhu SN, Chen M, Guha D, Cybulsky MI. Low-grade chronic inflammation in regions of the normal mouse arterial intima predisposed to atherosclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 203:2073-83. [PMID: 16894012 PMCID: PMC2118407 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20060245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic lesions develop in regions of arterial curvature and branch points, which are exposed to disturbed blood flow and have unique gene expression patterns. The cellular and molecular basis for atherosclerosis susceptibility in these regions is not completely understood. In the intima of atherosclerosis-predisposed regions of the wild-type C57BL/6 mouse aorta, we quantified increased expression of several proinflammatory genes that have been implicated in atherogenesis, including vascular cell adhesion molecule–1 (VCAM-1) and a relative abundance of dendritic cells, but only occasional T cells. In contrast, very few intimal leukocytes were detected in regions resistant to atherosclerosis; however, abundant macrophages, including T cells, were found throughout the adventitia (Adv). Considerably lower numbers of intimal CD68+ leukocytes were found in inbred atherosclerosis-resistant C3H and BALB/c mouse strains relative to C57BL/6 and 129; however, leukocyte distribution throughout the Adv of all strains was similar. The predominant mechanism for the accumulation of intimal CD68+ cells was continued recruitment of bone marrow–derived blood monocytes, suggestive of low-grade chronic inflammation. Local proliferation of intimal leukocytes was low. Intimal CD68+ leukocytes were reduced in VCAM-1–deficient mice, suggesting that mechanisms of leukocyte accumulation in the intima of normal aorta are analogous to those in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Jongstra-Bilen
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
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Shih CH, van Eeden SF, Goto Y, Hogg JC. CCL23/myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor-1 inhibits production and release of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes from the bone marrow. Exp Hematol 2005; 33:1101-8. [PMID: 16219532 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2005.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2005] [Revised: 06/17/2005] [Accepted: 06/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CCL23/Myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor-1 is a human CC chemokine with potent in vitro suppressor effects on both human and murine myeloid progenitor cells. This study concerns in vivo inhibitory effect of CCL23 on production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and monocytes in the bone marrow and their release into the circulation. METHODS 5'-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU; 100 mg/kg) was used to label dividing PMNs and monocytes in the bone marrow, and BrdU-labeled cells were followed for 10 days in the circulation and identified using immunocytochemistry. Rabbits were given CCL23 (100 mug/kg, n = 5) or saline (control: n = 5) intravenously daily for 3 days before labeling with BrdU. Turnover of PMNs and monocytes in the bone marrow and their transit times through the bone marrow were calculated. RESULTS CCL23 treatment tended to prolong transit time of PMN (98.4 +/- 4.3 hours vs 111.2 +/- 3.8 hours, control vs CCL23, p = 0.06) through the bone marrow and decreased the size of the bone marrow mitotic pool of PMN (p < 0.01). CCL23 treatment also prolonged the transit time of monocyte (43.4 +/- 3.1 hours vs 54.2 +/- 1.3 hours, control vs CCL23, p < 0.05) through the bone marrow and decreased turnover and pool size of monocytes in the bone marrow (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION We conclude that CCL23 suppresses PMN and monocyte progenitors, decreases the pool size and slows their turnover in the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Horng Shih
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Ishii H, Hayashi S, Hogg JC, Fujii T, Goto Y, Sakamoto N, Mukae H, Vincent R, van Eeden SF. Alveolar macrophage-epithelial cell interaction following exposure to atmospheric particles induces the release of mediators involved in monocyte mobilization and recruitment. Respir Res 2005; 6:87. [PMID: 16053532 PMCID: PMC1199624 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-6-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2005] [Accepted: 08/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies from our laboratory have shown that human alveolar macrophages (AM) and bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) exposed to ambient particles (PM10) in vitro increase their production of inflammatory mediators and that supernatants from PM10-exposed cells shorten the transit time of monocytes through the bone marrow and promote their release into the circulation. Methods The present study concerns co-culture of AM and HBEC exposed to PM10 (EHC-93) and the production of mediators involved in monocyte kinetics measured at both the mRNA and protein levels. The experiments were also designed to determine the role of the adhesive interaction between these cells via the intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 in the production of these mediators. Results AM/HBEC co-cultures exposed to 100 μg/ml of PM10 for 2 or 24 h increased their levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), M-CSF, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-6 and ICAM-1 mRNA, compared to exposed AM or HBEC mono-cultures, or control non-exposed co-cultures. The levels of GM-CSF, M-CSF, MIP-1β and IL-6 increased in co-cultured supernatants collected after 24 h exposure compared to control cells (p < 0.05). There was synergy between AM and HBEC in the production of GM-CSF, MIP-1β and IL-6. But neither pretreatment of HBEC with blocking antibodies against ICAM-1 nor cross-linking of ICAM-1 on HBEC blocked the PM10-induced increase in co-culture mRNA expression. Conclusion We conclude that an ICAM-1 independent interaction between AM and HBEC, lung cells that process inhaled particles, increases the production and release of mediators that enhance bone marrow turnover of monocytes and their recruitment into tissues. We speculate that this interaction amplifies PM10-induced lung inflammation and contributes to both the pulmonary and systemic morbidity associated with exposure to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ishii
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Second Department of Internal medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shizu Hayashi
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - James C Hogg
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Takeshi Fujii
- Second Department of Internal medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yukinobu Goto
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Noriho Sakamoto
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Mukae
- Second Department of Internal medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Renaud Vincent
- Environmental Health Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephan F van Eeden
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
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Kabashima K, Banks TA, Ansel KM, Lu TT, Ware CF, Cyster JG. Intrinsic lymphotoxin-beta receptor requirement for homeostasis of lymphoid tissue dendritic cells. Immunity 2005; 22:439-50. [PMID: 15845449 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2005.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2004] [Revised: 01/27/2005] [Accepted: 02/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The factors regulating dendritic cell (DC) development and homeostasis are incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that DCs express the lymphotoxin (LT)-beta receptor (LT beta R) and that in mice lacking the LT beta R in hematopoietic cells, spleen, and lymph node, CD8- DC numbers are reduced. B cells are a key source of LT alpha 1 beta 2 for splenic DC homeostasis, and transgenic overexpression of LT alpha 1 beta 2 on B cells leads to expansion of the CD8- DC compartment. Furthermore, we find that about 5% of splenic DCs are undergoing cell division, and the number of dividing CD8- DCs is disproportionately reduced in the absence of the LT beta R. In parabiosis experiments, splenic DCs were only partially replaced by circulating precursors over a 6 week period. We conclude that LT alpha 1 bet a2 acts on DCs or DC precursors to promote DC homeostasis, and we suggest that DC proliferation is an important pathway for locally maintaining these cells in the steady state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kabashima
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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Goto Y, Ishii H, Hogg JC, Shih CH, Yatera K, Vincent R, van Eeden SF. Particulate matter air pollution stimulates monocyte release from the bone marrow. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170:891-7. [PMID: 15256391 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200402-235oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate air pollution (PM(10)) stimulates alveolar macrophages (AMs) to release immature granulocytes from the bone marrow (BM) into the circulation. This study was designed to determine the effect of PM(10) (ambient EHC-93 or inert carbon [CC]) instillation exposure on the monocyte release from the BM and the role of AM in this response. Monocyte precursors were labeled in the BM of rabbits in vivo by an intravenous injection of 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, and the effects of PM(10) were determined by instillation either particles or supernatants of AM exposed to particles into the lungs. Instillation of EHC-93 (500 microg/ml) or supernatants from AM incubated with EHC-93 (100 microg/ml) increased circulating band cell counts (p < 0.05) and shortened the transit time of monocytes through the BM (35.5 +/- 2.2 to 25.0 +/- 1.5 hours or 36.2 +/- 2.6 to 25.7 +/- 1.8 hours, p < 0.05) compared with the control subject. CC (1%) instillation also shortened the monocyte BM transit time to 28.4 +/- 1.9 hours (p < 0.05), but supernatants of AM incubated with CC did not. We conclude that exposure to atmospheric PM(10) stimulates the production of mediators by AM, and these cytokines accelerate the monocyte release from the BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinobu Goto
- The James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z1Y6 Canada
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Goto Y, Hogg JC, Shih CH, Ishii H, Vincent R, van Eeden SF. Exposure to ambient particles accelerates monocyte release from bone marrow in atherosclerotic rabbits. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2004; 287:L79-85. [PMID: 15003928 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00425.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to air pollution [particulate matter, particles <10 μm (PM10)] causes a systemic inflammatory response that includes stimulation of the bone marrow (BM) and progression of atherosclerosis. Monocytes are known to play a key role in atherogenesis by migration into subendothelial lesions where they appear as foam cells. The present study was designed to quantify the BM monocyte response in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits after PM10exposure. WHHL rabbits were given twice weekly intrapharyngeal instillations of 5 mg of PM10for 4 wk to a total of 40 mg and compared with control WHHL or New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. The thymidine analog 5′-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine was used to label dividing cells in the BM and a monoclonal antibody to identify monocytes in peripheral blood. The transit time of monocytes through the BM was faster in WHHL than in NZW rabbits (30.4 ± 1.9 h vs. 35.2 ± 0.9 h, WHHL vs. NZW; P < 0.05). PM10instillation exposure increased circulating band cell counts, caused rapid release of monocytes from the BM, and further shortened their transit time through the BM to 23.2 ± 1.6 h ( P < 0.05). The percentage of alveolar macrophages containing particles in the lung correlated with the BM transit time of monocytes (r2= 0.45, P <0.05). We conclude that atherosclerosis increases the release of monocytes from the BM, and PM10exposure accelerates this process in relation to the amount of particles phagocytosed by alveolar macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinobu Goto
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Goto Y, Hogg JC, Whalen B, Shih CH, Ishii H, Van Eeden SF. Monocyte Recruitment into the Lungs in Pneumococcal Pneumonia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2004; 30:620-6. [PMID: 14578212 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2003-0312oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The recruitment of monocytes into the alveolar spaces is crucial for clearing infections and resolving the inflammatory response. We have previously reported the effect of acute pneumonia on monocyte transport through the bone marrow, and the present study concerns their clearance from the blood and migration into the lung airspaces. Dividing monocytes were labeled with the thymidine analog, 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). Whole blood containing the labeled monocytes (MO(BrdU)) was transfused from either donor rabbits with pneumonia or from uninfected controls into recipients with pneumonia, where they were detected in blood and tissues using a double immunostaining method. The results show that MO(BrdU) from infected animals rapidly disappeared from the circulation (P < 0.05), preferentially sequestered in the infected lung tissue within 1 h (22.0 +/- 3.3% versus 6.0 +/- 0.4%, pneumonic region versus peripheral blood, P < 0.05), and accumulated to a greater degree in pneumonic airspaces than control monocytes 48 h after transfusion (3.9 +/- 0.5% versus 1.1 +/- 0.1%, P < 0.05). We conclude that immature monocytes released from the marrow by pneumonia sequester rapidly in lung microvessels but their migration in pneumonic airspaces is delayed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinobu Goto
- McDonald Research Laboratories and iCAPTURE Centre, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6 Canada
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