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Sharma P, Kishore A, De I, Negi S, Kumar G, Bhardwaj S, Singh M. Mitigating neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease: Exploring the role of proinflammatory cytokines and the potential of phytochemicals as natural therapeutics. Neurochem Int 2023; 170:105604. [PMID: 37683836 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neuroinflammatory illnesses, characterized by the progressive loss of neurons in the brain. Proinflammatory cytokines play a key role in initiating and perpetuating neuroinflammation, which can lead to the activation of glial cells and the deregulation of inflammatory pathways, ultimately leading to permanent brain damage. Currently, available drugs for PD mostly alleviate symptoms but do not target underlying inflammatory processes. There is a growing interest in exploring the potential of phytochemicals to mitigate neuroinflammation. Phytochemicals such as resveratrol, apigenin, catechin, anthocyanins, amentoflavone, quercetin, berberine, and genistein have been studied for their ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce proinflammatory cytokine levels in the brain. These plant-derived compounds offer a natural and potentially safe alternative to conventional drugs for managing neuroinflammation in PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. However, further research is necessary to elucidate their underlying mechanisms of action and clinical effectiveness. So, this review delves into the pathophysiology of PD and its intricate relationship with proinflammatory cytokines, and explores how their insidious contributions fuel the disease's initiation and progression via cytokine-dependent signaling pathways. Additionally, we tried to give an account of PD management using existing drugs along with their limitations. Furthermore, our aim is to provide a thorough overview of the diverse groups of phytochemicals, their plentiful sources, and the current understanding of their anti-neuroinflammatory properties. Through this exploration, we posit the innovative idea that consuming nutrient-rich phytochemicals could be an effective approach to preventing and treating PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Sharma
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Abhinoy Kishore
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Indranil De
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Swarnima Negi
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Gulshan Kumar
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sahil Bhardwaj
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Manish Singh
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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2
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Han S, Moon S, Chung YW, Ryu JH. NADPH Oxidase 4-mediated Alveolar Macrophage Recruitment to Lung Attenuates Neutrophilic Inflammation in Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Immune Netw 2023; 23:e42. [PMID: 37970233 PMCID: PMC10643333 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
When the lungs are infected with bacteria, alveolar macrophages (AMs) are recruited to the site and play a crucial role in protecting the host by reducing excessive lung inflammation. However, the regulatory mechanisms that trigger the recruitment of AMs to lung alveoli during an infection are still not fully understood. In this study, we identified a critical role for NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the recruitment of AMs during Staphylococcus aureus lung infection. We found that NOX4 knockout (KO) mice showed decreased recruitment of AMs and increased lung neutrophils and injury in response to S. aureus infection compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Interestingly, the burden of S. aureus in the lungs was not different between NOX4 KO and WT mice. Furthermore, we observed that depletion of AMs in WT mice during S. aureus infection increased the number of neutrophils and lung injury to a similar level as that observed in NOX4 KO mice. Additionally, we found that expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) in NOX4 KO mice-derived lung endothelial cells was lower than that in WT mice-derived endothelial cells. Therefore, we conclude that NOX4 plays a crucial role in inducing the recruitment of AMs by controlling ICAM1 expression in lung endothelial cells, which is responsible for resolving lung inflammation during acute S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghan Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sungmin Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Youn Wook Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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3
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Mancuso C. Biliverdin as a disease-modifying agent: An integrated viewpoint. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:133-143. [PMID: 37459935 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Biliverdin is one of the three by-products of heme oxygenase (HO) activity, the others being ferrous iron and carbon monoxide. Under physiological conditions, once formed in the cell, BV is reduced to bilirubin (BR) by the biliverdin reductase (BVR). However, if BVR is inhibited by either genetic variants, as occurs in the Inuit ethnicity, or dioxin intoxication, BV accumulates in cells giving rise to a clinical syndrome known as green jaundice. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that BV not only has a direct antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals, but also targets many signal transduction pathways, such as BVR, soluble guanylyl cyclase, and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Through these direct and indirect mechanisms, BV has shown beneficial roles in ischemia/reperfusion-related diseases, inflammatory diseases, graft-versus-host disease, viral infections and cancer. Unfortunately, no clinical data are available to confirm these potential therapeutic effects and the kinetics of exogenous BV in humans is unknown. These limitations have so far excluded the possibility of transforming BV from a mere by-product of heme degradation into a disease-modifying agent. A closer collaboration between basic and clinical researchers would be advantageous to overcome these issues and promote translational research on BV in free radical-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Mancuso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Pharmacology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
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Rodolpho JMDA, Godoy KFD, Brassolatti P, Fragelli BDDL, Camillo L, Castro CAD, Assis M, Speglich C, Longo E, Anibal FDF. Carbon Black CB-EDA Nanoparticles in Macrophages: Changes in the Oxidative Stress Pathway and in Apoptosis Signaling. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1643. [PMID: 37371738 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of black carbon nanoparticles on J774.A1 murine cells was investigated with the objective of exploring the cytotoxicity of black carbon functionalized with ethylenediamine CB-EDA. The results showed that CB-EDA has a cytotoxic profile for J774.A1 macrophages in a time- and dose-dependent manner. When phagocytosed by the macrophage, CB-EDA triggers a mechanism that leads to apoptosis. In this process, there is an increase in oxidative stress pathways due to the activation of nitric oxide and then ROS. This causes an imbalance in redox function and a disruption of membrane integrity that occurs due to high levels of LDH, in addition to favoring the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in an attempt to modulate the cell. However, these stimuli are not sufficient to repair the cell and the level of mitochondrial integrity is affected, causing a decrease in cell viability. This mechanism may be correlated with the activation of the caspasse-3 pathway, which, when compromised, cleaves and induces cells death via apoptosis, either through early or late apoptosis. In view of this, the potential for cell damage was investigated by analyzing the oxidative and inflammatory profile in the macrophage lineage J774.A1 and identifying potential mechanisms and metabolic pathways connected to these processes when cells were exposed to NP CB-EDA for both 24 h and 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joice Margareth de Almeida Rodolpho
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Krissia Franco de Godoy
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brassolatti
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Bruna Dias de Lima Fragelli
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Luciana Camillo
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Aparecida de Castro
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Assis
- Department of Analytical and Physical Chemistry, University Jaume I (UJI), 12006 Castelló, Spain
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Materiais Funcionais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Carlos Speglich
- Centro de Pesquisa Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello CENPES/Petrobras, Rio de Janeiro 21941-915, Brazil
| | - Elson Longo
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Materiais Funcionais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Freitas Anibal
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
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Carrola A, Romão CC, Vieira HLA. Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb): Unavoidable Bystander or Protective Player? Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1198. [PMID: 37371928 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a cytoprotective endogenous gas that is ubiquitously produced by the stress response enzyme heme-oxygenase. Being a gas, CO rapidly diffuses through tissues and binds to hemoglobin (Hb) increasing carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels. COHb can be formed in erythrocytes or in plasma from cell-free Hb. Herein, it is discussed as to whether endogenous COHb is an innocuous and inevitable metabolic waste product or not, and it is hypothesized that COHb has a biological role. In the present review, literature data are presented to support this hypothesis based on two main premises: (i) there is no direct correlation between COHb levels and CO toxicity, and (ii) COHb seems to have a direct cytoprotective and antioxidant role in erythrocytes and in hemorrhagic models in vivo. Moreover, CO is also an antioxidant by generating COHb, which protects against the pro-oxidant damaging effects of cell-free Hb. Up to now, COHb has been considered as a sink for both exogenous and endogenous CO generated during CO intoxication or heme metabolism, respectively. Hallmarking COHb as an important molecule with a biological (and eventually beneficial) role is a turning point in CO biology research, namely in CO intoxication and CO cytoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Carrola
- UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carlos C Romão
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Helena L A Vieira
- UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Melatonin Mitigates iNOS-Related Effects of HEMA and Camphorquinone in Human Dental Pulp Cells: Relevance for Postoperative Sensitivity Mechanism in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032562. [PMID: 36768884 PMCID: PMC9916734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
High elution and diffusion of 2-hydroxylethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and camphorquinone (CQ) through dentinal tubules may induce pulp injury and postoperative sensitivity. We aimed to investigate the melatonin protective effect in HEMA- and CQ-treated human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) as well as its relevance in a mechanism for postoperative sensitivity in diabetic patients. hDPCs were exposed to HEMA (5 mM) and/or CQ (1 mM) in the absence and presence of melatonin (MEL) (0.1 mM and 1 mM). Heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX4), BCL-2-associated X-protein (BAX), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and caspase-3 (CASP3) gene expression levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in hDPCs while inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and melatonin protein expression were measured in human dental pulp as well, by RT-PCR, by ELISA, and spectrophotometrically. Bioinformatic analyses were performed by using the ShinyGO (v.0.75) application. Type 2 diabetic patients showed a higher incidence of postoperative sensitivity and lower melatonin and higher iNOS content in dental pulp tissue compared with non-diabetic patients. Melatonin, when co-added in hDPC culture, reverses HEMA and CQ cytotoxic effects via anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory/antioxidant iNOS-related effects. Enrichment analyses showed that genes/proteins, altered by HEMA and CQ and normalized by melatonin, are the most prominently overrepresented in type 2 diabetes mellitus pathways and that they share subcellular localization in different oligomeric protein complexes consisting of anti- and pro-apoptotic regulators. This is the first evidence of the ability of melatonin to counteract iNOS-mediated inflammatory and stress effects in HEMA- and CQ-treated hDPCs, which could be of significance for the modulation of presently observed immediate postoperative sensitivity after composite restoration in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Cerebroprotective actions of hydrogen sulfide in the epileptic brain in newborn pigs. Pediatr Res 2023:10.1038/s41390-023-02486-5. [PMID: 36694027 PMCID: PMC10363572 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal epileptic seizures cause postictal dysregulation of cerebral blood flow. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a mediator with vasodilator and antioxidant properties, is produced in the brain by astrocyte cystathionine β-synthase (CBS). This study investigated whether H2S improves the cerebral vascular outcome of seizures. METHODS Epileptic seizures were induced in newborn pigs using bicuculline. The effects of the CBS inhibitor aminooxyacetate (AOA) and the H2S donor NaHS on cerebral vascular outcome of seizures were examined in live pigs, cerebral endothelial cells, and cortical astrocytes. RESULTS Brain H2S was elevated during seizures. AOA blocked H2S and reduced functional hyperemia in the epileptic brain. The endothelium- and astrocyte-dependent vasodilation of pial arterioles was impaired 48 h after seizures suggesting cerebral vascular dysfunction. Systemic NaHS elevated brain H2S and blocked reactive oxygen species in the epileptic brain and in primary endothelial cells and astrocytes during inflammatory and excitotoxic conditions. Postictal cerebrovascular dysfunction was exaggerated in H2S-inhibited pigs and minimized in NaHS-treated pigs. CONCLUSIONS H2S elevation in the epileptic brain via activation of CBS contributes to functional hyperemia and exhibits cerebroprotective properties. The H2S donor NaHS enhances brain antioxidant defense and provides a therapeutic approach for preventing adverse cerebral vascular outcome of neonatal epileptic seizures. IMPACT Epileptic seizures in neonates lead to prolonged postictal cerebral vascular dysregulation. The role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a mediator with vasodilator and antioxidant properties, in the epileptic brain has been explored. Astrocytes are major sites of enzymatic H2S production in the epileptic brain. Postictal cerebral vascular dysfunction is exaggerated when astrocyte H2S production is pharmacologically inhibited during seizures. Postictal cerebral vascular dysfunction is minimized when the brain H2S is elevated by systemic administration of NaHS during seizures. NaHS provides a therapeutic approach for improving cerebrovascular outcome of epileptic seizures via a mechanism that involves the antioxidant potential of H2S.
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Assis M, da Silva JS, Gonçalves MO, de Almeida Rodolpho JM, de Lima Fragelli BD, Corte ABP, Ribeiro LK, Teodoro MD, de Freitas Anibal F, de Sousa CP, Oliveira ON, Andrés J, Longo E. Bactericidal activity of Ag 4V 2O 7/β-AgVO 3 heterostructures against antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 141:213097. [PMID: 36067643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although Ag-based materials are efficient against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, their high toxicity to living organisms represents a major challenge for obtaining useful products. In this work, we report the bactericidal activity of Ag4V2O7/β-AgVO3 heterostructures, which proved to be effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 1706, a standard strain; A54970, a multidrug-resistant carbapenemase (KPC)-producing strain; A34057, a multidrug-resistant strain capable of producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL); and a community-isolated strain, A58240) at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) as low as 62.5 μg/mL. This activity is higher than that reported for the individual silver vanadates (Ag4V2O7 or β-AgVO3) owing to the synergistic interactions between both semiconductors. However, the most efficient heterostructure was found to be toxic to mouse 3 T3 fibroblasts and to L. sativa and C. sativus seeds, as indicated by MTT ((4,5 - dimethylthiazol -2yl) 2,5 -diphenylbromide), neutral red assays and germination index measurements. The antimicrobial, phytotoxic and cytotoxic activities were all associated with an efficient generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the heterostructure, especially OH and O2- radicals. The ROS production by Ag4V2O7/β-AgVO3 heterostructures was measured through photodegradation studies with Rhodamine B. While the bactericidal activity of the heterostructures is promising, especially when compared to Ag-based materials, their use in practical applications will require encapsulation either to avoid leaching or to mitigate their toxicity to humans, animals and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Assis
- Department of Analytical and Physical Chemistry, University Jaume I (UJI), 12071 Castelló, Spain; CDMF, LIEC, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Joice Margareth de Almeida Rodolpho
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Dias de Lima Fragelli
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lara Kelly Ribeiro
- Department of Analytical and Physical Chemistry, University Jaume I (UJI), 12071 Castelló, Spain; CDMF, LIEC, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Daldin Teodoro
- Physics Department, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Freitas Anibal
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juan Andrés
- Department of Analytical and Physical Chemistry, University Jaume I (UJI), 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Elson Longo
- CDMF, LIEC, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Alves Feitosa K, de Oliveira Correia R, Maragno Fattori AC, Albuquerque YR, Brassolatti P, Flores Luna G, de Almeida Rodolpho JM, T Nogueira C, Cancino Bernardi J, Speglich C, de Freitas Anibal F. Toxicological effects of the mixed iron oxide nanoparticle (Fe 3O 4 NP) on murine fibroblasts LA-9. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:649-670. [PMID: 35469539 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2068711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The increase in large-scale production of magnetic nanoparticles (NP) associated with the incomplete comprehensive knowledge regarding the potential risks of their use on environmental and human health makes it necessary to study the biological effects of these particles on organisms at the cellular level. The aim of this study to examine the cellular effects on fibroblast lineage LA-9 after exposure to mixed iron oxide NP (Fe3O4 NP). The following analyses were performed: field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (SEM-FEG), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, ultraviolet/visible region spectroscopy (UV/VIS), and attenuated total reactance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy analyses for characterization of the NP. The assays included cell viability, morphology, clonogenic potential, oxidative stress as measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, cytokines quantification interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), NP uptake, and cell death. The size of Fe3O4 NP was 26.3 nm when evaluated in water through DLS. Fe3O4 NP did not reduce fibroblast cell viability until the highest concentration tested (250 µg/ml), which showed a decrease in clonogenic potential as well as small morphological changes after exposure for 48 and 72 hr. The NP concentration of 250 µg/ml induced enhanced ROS and NO production after 24 hr treatment. The uptake assay exhibited time-dependent Fe3O4 NP internalization at all concentrations tested with no significant cell death. Hence, exposure of fibroblasts to Fe3O4 NP-induced oxidative stress but not reduced cell viability or death. However, the decrease in the clonogenic potential at the highest concentration demonstrates cytotoxic effects attributed to Fe3O4 NP which occurred on the 7th day after exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Alves Feitosa
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Oliveira Correia
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Maragno Fattori
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Yulli Roxenne Albuquerque
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brassolatti
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Genoveva Flores Luna
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Joice Margareth de Almeida Rodolpho
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Cancino Bernardi
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Carlos Speglich
- Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello Research Center CENPES/Petrobras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Freitas Anibal
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Inflammation and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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Zhu X, Duan F, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Chen J, Zhang L, Wu M, Pan Z, Chen B. Acadesine alleviates acute pancreatitis-related lung injury by mediating the barrier protective function of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109165. [PMID: 35987144 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a condition characterized by highly fatal acute inflammation and is usually associated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Acute lung injury (ALI) is the most common complications of SAP, which is the accelerator of other organ dysfunction caused by SAP and the primary cause of early death due to SAP. Acadesine, an adenosine analog and an AMPK activator, has been discovered to modulate glucose and lipid metabolism, and inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS. However, its role in SAP-ALI and its mechanism remains unclear and need to be explored. Herein, we discovered that acadesine mitigated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs), alleviated apoptosis and recovered barrier integrity, thereby contributing to anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, Nrf2 deficiency partially eliminated the effects of acadesine-induced antioxidant effects and thus weakened the protective effects on cells and Nrf2-knockout (Nrf2-/-) mice. This study demonstrates that acadesine attenuated SAP-ALI associated inflammation and tissue damage by modulating the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway by triggering AMPK. These findings are of great significance for the treatment of SAP-related lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feixiang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lanyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Minmin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhuo Pan
- Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital Affiliated to Huzhou Normal College, No. 158, Guangchang Hou Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China.
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11
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Thapa J, Yoshiiri G, Ito K, Okubo T, Nakamura S, Furuta Y, Higashi H, Yamaguchi H. Chlamydia trachomatis Requires Functional Host-Cell Mitochondria and NADPH Oxidase 4/p38MAPK Signaling for Growth in Normoxia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:902492. [PMID: 35719337 PMCID: PMC9199516 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.902492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) is an intracellular energy-parasitic bacterium that requires ATP derived from infected cells for its growth. Meanwhile, depending on the O2 concentration, the host cells change their mode of ATP production between oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria (Mt) and glycolysis; this change depends on signaling via reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidases (NOXs) as well as Mt. It has been proposed that Ct correspondingly switches its source of acquisition of ATP between host-cell Mt and glycolysis, but this has not been verified experimentally. In the present study, we assessed the roles of host-cell NOXs and Mt in the intracellular growth of CtL2 (L2 434/Bu) under normoxia (21% O2) and hypoxia (2% O2) by using several inhibitors of NOXs (or the downstream molecule) and Mt-dysfunctional (Mtd) HEp-2 cells. Under normoxia, diphenyleneiodonium, an inhibitor of ROS diffusion, abolished the growth of CtL2 and other Chlamydiae (CtD and C. pneumoniae). Both ML171 (a pan-NOX inhibitor) and GLX351322 (a NOX4-specific inhibitor) impaired the growth of CtL2 under normoxia, but not hypoxia. NOX4-knockdown cells diminished the bacterial growth. SB203580, an inhibitor of the NOX4-downstream molecule p38MAPK, also inhibited the growth of CtL2 under normoxia but not hypoxia. Furthermore, CtL2 failed to grow in Mtd cells under normoxia, but no effect was observed under hypoxia. We conclude that under normoxia, Ct requires functional Mt in its host cells as an ATP source, and that this process requires NOX4/p38MAPK signaling in the host cells. In contrast to hypoxia, crosstalk between NOX4 and Mt via p38MAPK may be crucial for the growth of Ct under normoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeewan Thapa
- Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Gen Yoshiiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koki Ito
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Torahiko Okubo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakamura
- Laboratory of Morphology and Image Analysis, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Furuta
- Division of Infection and Immunity, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Higashi
- Division of Infection and Immunity, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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12
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Siracusa R, Voltarelli VA, Trovato Salinaro A, Modafferi S, Cuzzocrea S, Calabrese EJ, Di Paola R, Otterbein LE, Calabrese V. NO, CO and H 2S: A Trinacrium of Bioactive Gases in the Brain. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115122. [PMID: 35679892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are time honored gases that have direct bearing on almost all life forms, but over the past thirty years, and in large part due to the Nobel Prize Award in Medicine for the elucidation of nitric oxide (NO) as a bioactive gas, the research and medical communities now recognize other gases as critical for survival. In addition to NO, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon monoxide (CO) have emerged as a triumvirate or Trinacrium of gases with analogous importance and that serve important homeostatic functions. Perhaps, one of the most intriguing aspects of these gases is the functional interaction between them, which is intimately linked by the enzyme systems that produce them. Despite the need to better understand NO, H2S and CO biology, the notion that these are environmental pollutants remains ever present. For this reason, incorporating the concept of hormesis becomes imperative and must be included in discussions when considering developing new therapeutics that involve these gases. While there is now an enormous literature base for each of these gasotransmitters, we provide here an overview of their respective physiologic roles in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - Vanessa A Voltarelli
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sergio Modafferi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, 98166, Italy
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Leo E Otterbein
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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13
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Mancuso C. The brain heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase system as a target in drug research and development. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:361-374. [PMID: 35285395 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2052848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase (HO/BVR) system is involved in heme metabolism. The inducible isoform of HO (HO-1) and BVR both exert cytoprotective effects by enhancing cell stress response. In this context, some xenobiotics, which target HO-1, including herbal products, behave as neuroprotectants in several experimental models of neurodegeneration. Despite this, no drug having either HO-1 or BVR as a main target is currently available. AREAS COVERED After a description of the brain HO/BVR system, the paper analyzes the main classes of drugs acting on the nervous system, with HO as second-level target, and their neuroprotective potential. Finally, the difficulties that exist for the development of drugs acting on HO/BVR and the possible ways to overcome these hurdles are examined. EXPERT OPINION Although the limited clinical evidence has restricted the translational research on the HO/BVR system, mainly because of the dual nature of its by-products, there has been growing interest in the therapeutic potential of these enzymes. Scientists should boost the translational research on the HO/BVR system which could be supported by the significant evidence provided by preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Mancuso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Pharmacology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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14
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Caicedo D, Alvarez CV, Perez-Romero S, Devesa J. The Inflammatory Pattern of Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia in Muscles: The TNF-α Hypothesis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020489. [PMID: 35203700 PMCID: PMC8962305 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vascular inflammation plays a crucial role in peripheral arterial disease (PAD), although the role of the mediators involved has not yet been properly defined. The aim of this work is to investigate gene expression and plasma biomarkers in chronic limb-threating ischemia (CLTI). Methods: Using patients from the GHAS trial, both blood and ischemic muscle samples were obtained to analyze plasma markers and mRNA expression, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by using univariate (Spearman, t-Student, and X2) and multivariate (multiple logistic regression) tests. Results: A total of 35 patients were available at baseline (29 for mRNA expression). Baseline characteristics (mean): Age: 71.4 ± 12.4 years (79.4% male); TNF-α: 10.7 ± 4.9 pg/mL; hsCRP:1.6 ± 2.2 mg/dL; and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR): 3.5 ± 2.8. Plasma TNF-α was found elevated (≥8.1) in 68.6% of patients, while high hsCRP (≥0.5) was found in 60.5%. Diabetic patients with a high level of inflammation showed significantly higher levels of NOX4 expression at baseline (p = 0.0346). Plasma TNF-α had a negative correlation with NOS3 (eNOS) expression (−0.5, p = 0.015) and plasma hsCRP with VEGFA (−0.63, p = 0.005). The expression of NOX4 was parallel to that of plasma TNF-α (0.305, p = 0.037), especially in DM. Cumulative mortality at 12 months was related to NLR ≥ 3 (p = 0.019) and TNF-α ≥ 8.1 (p = 0.048). The best cutoff point for NLR to predict mortality was 3.4. Conclusions: NOX4 and TNF-α are crucial for the development and complications of lower limb ischemia, especially in DM. hsCRP could have a negative influence on angiogenesis too. NLR and TNF-α represent suitable markers of mortality in CLTI. These results are novel because they connect muscle gene expression and plasma information in patients with advanced PAD, deepening the search for new and accurate targets for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Caicedo
- Angiology and Vascular Surgery Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-981-950-043
| | - Clara V. Alvarez
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation P0L5, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enferme-dades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15783 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.V.A.); (S.P.-R.)
| | - Sihara Perez-Romero
- Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation P0L5, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enferme-dades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15783 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.V.A.); (S.P.-R.)
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15
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Fang J, Sheng R, Qin ZH. NADPH Oxidases in the Central Nervous System: Regional and Cellular Localization and the Possible Link to Brain Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:951-973. [PMID: 34293949 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The significant role of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) in signal transduction is mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially in the central nervous system (CNS). The pathogenesis of some neurologic and psychiatric diseases is regulated by ROS, acting as a second messenger or pathogen. Recent Advances: In the CNS, the involvement of Nox-derived ROS has been implicated in the regulation of multiple signals, including cell survival/apoptosis, neuroinflammation, migration, differentiation, proliferation, and synaptic plasticity, as well as the integrity of the blood/brain barrier. In these processes, the intracellular signals mediated by the members of the Nox family vary among different tissues. The present review illuminates the regions and cellular, subcellular localization of Nox isoforms in the brain, the signal transduction, and the role of NOX enzymes in pathophysiology, respectively. Critical Issues: Different signal transduction cascades are coupled to ROS derived from various Nox homologues with varying degrees. Therefore, a critical issue worth noting is the varied role of the homologues of NOX enzymes in different signaling pathways and also they mediate different phenotypes in the diverse pathophysiological condition. This substantiates the effectiveness of selective Nox inhibitors in the CNS. Future Directions: Further investigation to elucidate the role of various homologues of NOX enzymes in acute and chronic brain diseases and signaling mechanisms, and the development of more specific NOX inhibitors for the treatment of CNS disease are urgently needed. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 951-973.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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16
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Liang F, Kang N, Li P, Liu X, Li G, Yang J. Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Polarization Phenotype of Rat Microglia After Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Neurol 2021; 12:640816. [PMID: 34149591 PMCID: PMC8209338 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.640816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The neurological defect caused by secondary damage following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered critical for the management of TBI. Microglia (MG) are a resident brain macrophage that could differentiate into M1 type or M2 type in response to injury and repair. It is known that the MG transition from M1 phenotype to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype might reduce secondary injury of TBI. So, a TBI animal model was established and we compared biomarkers of M1 and M2MG between the controls and experimental animals receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). This study aimed to explore whether HBOT was an effective method to improve neural functional recovery via promoting the polarization of MG into M2 after TBI. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into four groups: SH (Sham-operated), SH + HBO (hyperbaric oxygen), TBI, and TBI + HBO. Each group included 42 rats, and each of these were divided into the following groups: 1, 6, 12, 24, 72 h, 7, and 14 days. The expression of M1 biomarker inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), M2 biomarker arginase 1 (Arg1), associated cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was evaluated after the observation time. Results: TBI significantly increased the expression levels of M1 marker iNOS and M2 markers Arg1 at different time points. The increased expression of iNOS was suppressed, while the expression level of Arg1 was enhanced by HBOT. Moreover, HBOT suppressed the pro-inflammatory TNF-α secreted by M1, and promoting the anti-inflammatory TGF-1β. Conclusions: In the present study, HBOT showed the effects on shift of M1 toward M2 phenotype with increased expression of M2 biomarkers and decreased expression of M1 biomarkers in the early stage after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liang
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pinpin Li
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuehua Liu
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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17
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Abstract
Nitric oxide, studied to evaluate its role in cardiovascular physiology, has cardioprotective and therapeutic effects in cellular signaling, mitochondrial function, and in regulating inflammatory processes. Heme oxygenase (major role in catabolism of heme into biliverdin, carbon monoxide (CO), and iron) has similar effects as well. CO has been suggested as the molecule that is responsible for many of the above mentioned cytoprotective and therapeutic pathways as CO is a signaling molecule in the control of physiological functions. This is counterintuitive as toxic effects are related to its binding to hemoglobin. However, CO is normally produced in the body. Experimental evidence indicates that this toxic gas, CO, exerts cytoprotective properties related to cellular stress including the heart and is being assessed for its cytoprotective and cytotherapeutic properties. While survival of adult cardiomyocytes depends on oxidative phosphorylation (survival and resulting cardiac function is impaired by mitochondrial damage), mitochondrial biogenesis is modified by the heme oxygenase-1/CO system and can result in promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis by associating mitochondrial redox status to the redox-active transcription factors. It has been suggested that the heme oxygenase-1/CO system is important in differentiation of embryonic stem cells and maturation of cardiomyocytes which is thought to mitigate progression of degenerative cardiovascular diseases. Effects on other cardiac cells are being studied. Acute exposure to air pollution (and, therefore, CO) is associated with cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, and heart failure, but changes in the endogenous heme oxygenase-1 system (and, thereby, CO) positively affect cardiovascular health. We will review the effect of CO on heart health and function in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki L Mahan
- Department of Surgery and Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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18
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Zhang Z, Pang Y, Wang W, Zhu H, Jin S, Yu Z, Gu Y, Wu H. Neuroprotection of Heme Oxygenase-2 in Mice AfterIntracerebral Hemorrhage. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 80:457-466. [PMID: 33870420 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There are few effective preventive or therapeutic strategies to mitigate the effects of catastrophic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in humans. Heme oxygenase is the rate-limiting enzyme in heme metabolism; heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2) is a constitutively expressed heme oxygenase. We explored the involvement of HO-2 in a collagenase-induced mouse model of ICH in C57BL/6 wild-type and HO-2 knockout mice. We assessed oxidative stress injury, blood-brain barrier permeability, neuronal damage, late-stage angiogenesis, and hematoma clearance using immunofluorescence, Western blot, MRI, and special staining methods. Our results show that HO-2 reduces brain injury volume and brain edema, alleviates cytotoxic injury, affects vascular function in the early stage of ICH, and improves hematoma absorbance and angiogenesis in the late stage of ICH in this model. Thus, we found that HO-2 has a protective effect on brain injury after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- From the Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuxin Pang
- Department of Pathology, First Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Pathology, First Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sinan Jin
- Department of Pathology, First Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zihan Yu
- Department of Pathology, First Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunhe Gu
- Department of Pathology, First Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - He Wu
- Department of Pathology, First Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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19
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Kulus M, Kranc W, Wojtanowicz-Markiewicz K, Celichowski P, Światły-Błaszkiewicz A, Matuszewska E, Sujka-Kordowska P, Konwerska A, Zdun M, Bryl R, Wieczorkiewicz M, Kulus J, Stelmach B, Stefańska K, Budna-Tukan J, Petitte JN, Mozdziak P, Ratajczak K, Matysiak J, Jaśkowski JM, Nowicki M, Kempisty B. New Gene Markers Expressed in Porcine Oviductal Epithelial Cells Cultured Primary In Vitro Are Involved in Ontological Groups Representing Physiological Processes of Porcine Oocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042082. [PMID: 33669854 PMCID: PMC7923230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes that occur within oviducts after fertilization are dependent on post-ovulation events, including oocyte-oviduct interactions. Although general processes are well-defined, the molecular basis are poorly understood. Recently, new marker genes involved in ‘cell development’, ‘cell growth’, ‘cell differentiation’ and ‘cell maturation’ processes have been identified in porcine oocytes. The aim of the study was to assess the expression profile of genes in primary in vitro cultured oviductal epithelial cells (OECs), clustered in Gene Ontology groups which enveloped markers also identified in porcine oocytes. OECs (from 45 gilts) were surgically removed and cultured in vitro for ≤ 30 days, and then subjected to molecular analyses. The transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of cells cultured during 7, 15 and 30 days were investigated. Additionally, morphological/histochemical analyzes were performed. The results of genes expression profiles were validated after using RT-qPCR. The results showed a significant upregulation of UNC45B, NOX4, VLDLR, ITGB3, FMOD, SGCE, COL1A2, LOX, LIPG, THY1 and downregulation of SERPINB2, CD274, TXNIP, CELA1, DDX60, CRABP2, SLC5A1, IDO1, ANPEP, FST. Detailed knowledge of the molecular pathways occurring in the OECs and the gametes that contact them may contribute both to developments of basic science of physiology, and new possibilities in advanced biotechnology of assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (K.W.-M.); (K.R.)
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (R.B.)
| | - Katarzyna Wojtanowicz-Markiewicz
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (K.W.-M.); (K.R.)
| | - Piotr Celichowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.C.); (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.-T.); (M.N.)
| | - Agata Światły-Błaszkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (A.Ś.-B.); (E.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Eliza Matuszewska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (A.Ś.-B.); (E.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Patrycja Sujka-Kordowska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.C.); (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.-T.); (M.N.)
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Gora, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Aneta Konwerska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.C.); (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.-T.); (M.N.)
| | - Maciej Zdun
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Rut Bryl
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (R.B.)
| | - Maria Wieczorkiewicz
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Jakub Kulus
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (J.K.); (J.M.J.)
| | - Bogusława Stelmach
- Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Stefańska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.C.); (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.-T.); (M.N.)
| | - Joanna Budna-Tukan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.C.); (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.-T.); (M.N.)
| | - James N. Petitte
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (J.N.P.); (P.M.)
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (J.N.P.); (P.M.)
| | - Kornel Ratajczak
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (K.W.-M.); (K.R.)
| | - Jan Matysiak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (A.Ś.-B.); (E.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Jędrzej M. Jaśkowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (J.K.); (J.M.J.)
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.C.); (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.-T.); (M.N.)
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.K.); (K.W.-M.); (K.R.)
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (R.B.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (P.C.); (P.S.-K.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.-T.); (M.N.)
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; (J.N.P.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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The Protective Effects of Ramelteon Against Isoflurane-Induced Insults and Inflammatory Response in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Neurotox Res 2020; 39:677-686. [PMID: 33211285 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Anesthetic-induced cognitive impairment has been observed clinically. The mechanism underlying anesthetic-induced cognitive impairment is closely associated with neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation. Ramelteon is a potent and highly selective melatonin receptor agonist that has been used for the treatment of insomnia and has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of Ramelteon against the cytotoxicity induced by isoflurane in brain microvascular endothelial cells. Our results show that Ramelteon ameliorated oxidative stress by suppressing the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs). In addition, Ramelteon displayed a robust anti-inflammatory capacity against isoflurane-induced insults and inflammation by reducing the generation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and MMP-9. Furthermore, Ramelteon reduced the expression of cell adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin. Importantly, Ramelteon downregulated the activation of the p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, which is the key transcriptional regulator in the inflammation process. Our findings in the present study provide new evidence for the use of Ramelteon in the prevention of isoflurane-induced insults in brain endothelial cells.
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21
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Coburn RF. Coronary and cerebral metabolism-blood flow coupling and pulmonary alveolar ventilation-blood flow coupling may be disabled during acute carbon monoxide poisoning. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 129:1039-1050. [PMID: 32853110 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00172.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Current evidence indicates that the toxicity of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning results from increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation plus tissue hypoxia resulting from decreases in capillary Po2 evoked by effects of increases in blood [carboxyhemoglobin] on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. There has not been consideration of how increases in Pco could influence metabolism-blood flow coupling, a physiological mechanism that regulates the uniformity of tissue Po2, and alveolar ventilation-blood flow coupling, a mechanism that increases the efficiency of pulmonary O2 uptake. Using published data, I consider hypotheses that these coupling mechanisms, triggered by O2 and CO sensors located in arterial and arteriolar vessels in the coronary and cerebral circulations and in lung intralobar arteries, are disrupted during acute CO poisoning. These hypotheses are supported by calculations that show that the Pco in these vessels can reach levels during CO poisoning that would exert effects on signal transduction molecules involved in these coupling mechanisms.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This article introduces and supports a postulate that the tissue hypoxia component of carbon monoxide poisoning results in part from impairment of physiological adaptation mechanisms whereby tissues can match regional blood flow to O2 uptake, and the lung can match regional blood flow to alveolar ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald F Coburn
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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22
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Hahner F, Moll F, Schröder K. NADPH oxidases in the differentiation of endothelial cells. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:262-268. [PMID: 31393561 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells involves the modulation of highly interconnected metabolic and epigenetic processes. Therefore, the differentiation of endothelial cells is a tightly controlled process, which is adjusted at multiple levels, meaning that even the smallest variation can result in major consequences. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a group of second messengers that can interfere with both metabolic and epigenetic processes. Besides their generation by mitochondria, ROS are produced in a controlled manner by the family of NADPH oxidases. The different members of the NADPH oxidase family produce superoxide anions or hydrogen peroxide. Due to the specific sub-cellular localization of the different NADPH oxidases, ROS are produced at diverse sites in the cell, such as the plasma membrane or the endoplasmic reticulum. Once produced, ROS interfere with proteins, lipids, and DNA to modulate intracellular signal cascades. Accordingly, ROS represent a group of readily available and specifically localized modulators of the highly sophisticated signalling network that eventually leads to the differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells. This review focuses on the role of NADPH oxidases in the differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Hahner
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Franziska Moll
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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23
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Warenits AM, Hatami J, Müllebner A, Ettl F, Teubenbacher U, Magnet IAM, Bauder B, Janata A, Miller I, Moldzio R, Kramer AM, Sterz F, Holzer M, Högler S, Weihs W, Duvigneau JC. Motor Cortex and Hippocampus Display Decreased Heme Oxygenase Activity 2 Weeks After Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest in Rats. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:513. [PMID: 33015090 PMCID: PMC7511667 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO) and biliverdin reductase (BVR) activities are important for neuronal function and redox homeostasis. Resuscitation from cardiac arrest (CA) frequently results in neuronal injury and delayed neurodegeneration that typically affect vulnerable brain regions, primarily hippocampus (Hc) and motor cortex (mC), but occasionally also striatum and cerebellum. We questioned whether these delayed effects are associated with changes of the HO/BVR system. We therefore analyzed the activities of HO and BVR in the brain regions Hc, mC, striatum and cerebellum of rats subjected to ventricular fibrillation CA (6 min or 8 min) after 2 weeks following resuscitation, or sham operation. From all investigated regions, only Hc and mC showed significantly decreased HO activities, while BVR activity was not affected. In order to find an explanation for the changed HO activity, we analyzed protein abundance and mRNA expression levels of HO-1, the inducible, and HO-2, the constitutively expressed isoform, in the affected regions. In both regions we found a tendency for a decreased immunoreactivity of HO-2 using immunoblots and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we investigated the histological appearance and the expression of markers indicative for activation of microglia [tumor necrosis factor receptor type I (TNFR1) mRNA and immunoreactivity for ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1])], and activation of astrocytes [immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)] in Hc and mC. Morphological changes were detected only in Hc displaying loss of neurons in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region, which was most pronounced in the 8 min CA group. In this region also markers indicating inflammation and activation of pro-death pathways (expression of HO-1 and TNFR1 mRNA, as well as Iba1 and GFAP immunoreactivity) were upregulated. Since HO products are relevant for maintaining neuronal function, our data suggest that neurodegenerative processes following CA may be associated with a decreased capacity to convert heme into HO products in particularly vulnerable brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasmin Hatami
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Müllebner
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Ettl
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Teubenbacher
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Barbara Bauder
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Janata
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Miller
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Moldzio
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Fritz Sterz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Holzer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Högler
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Weihs
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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24
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Beretta M, Santos CX, Molenaar C, Hafstad AD, Miller CC, Revazian A, Betteridge K, Schröder K, Streckfuß-Bömeke K, Doroshow JH, Fleck RA, Su TP, Belousov VV, Parsons M, Shah AM. Nox4 regulates InsP 3 receptor-dependent Ca 2+ release into mitochondria to promote cell survival. EMBO J 2020; 39:e103530. [PMID: 33001475 PMCID: PMC7527947 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells subjected to environmental stresses undergo regulated cell death (RCD) when homeostatic programs fail to maintain viability. A major mechanism of RCD is the excessive calcium loading of mitochondria and consequent triggering of the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT), which is especially important in post‐mitotic cells such as cardiomyocytes and neurons. Here, we show that stress‐induced upregulation of the ROS‐generating protein Nox4 at the ER‐mitochondria contact sites (MAMs) is a pro‐survival mechanism that inhibits calcium transfer through InsP3 receptors (InsP3R). Nox4 mediates redox signaling at the MAM of stressed cells to augment Akt‐dependent phosphorylation of InsP3R, thereby inhibiting calcium flux and mPT‐dependent necrosis. In hearts subjected to ischemia–reperfusion, Nox4 limits infarct size through this mechanism. These results uncover a hitherto unrecognized stress pathway, whereby a ROS‐generating protein mediates pro‐survival effects through spatially confined signaling at the MAM to regulate ER to mitochondria calcium flux and triggering of the mPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Beretta
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Celio Xc Santos
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Chris Molenaar
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Anne D Hafstad
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK.,Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UIT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Chris Cj Miller
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aram Revazian
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kai Betteridge
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - James H Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roland A Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tsung-Ping Su
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maddy Parsons
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, Randall Centre of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, UK
| | - Ajay M Shah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
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25
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Liu J, Chandaka GK, Zhang R, Parfenova H. Acute antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of sulforaphane in brain endothelial cells and astrocytes during inflammation and excitotoxicity. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00630. [PMID: 32715644 PMCID: PMC7383090 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN), a bioactive phytochemical isothiocyanate, has a wide spectrum of cytoprotective effects that involve induction of antioxidant genes. Nongenomic antioxidant effects of SFN have not been investigated. Brain oxidative stress during inflammation and excitotoxicity leads to neurovascular injury. We tested the hypothesis that SNF exhibits acute antioxidant effects and prevents neurovascular injury during oxidative stress. In primary cultures of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (CMVEC) and cortical astrocytes from the newborn pig brain, a pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and an excitotoxic glutamate elevate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause cell death by apoptosis. Nox4 NADPH oxidase is the main Nox isoform in CMVEC and cortical astrocytes that is acutely activated by TNF-α and glutamate leading to ROS-mediated cell death by apoptosis. The Nox4 inhibitor GKT137831 blocked NADPH oxidase activity and overall ROS elevation, and prevented apoptosis of CMVEC and astrocytes exposed to TNF-α and glutamate, supporting the leading role of Nox4 in the neurovascular injury. Synthetic SFN (10-11 -10-6 mol/L) inhibited NADPH oxidase activity and reduced overall ROS production in CMVEC and astrocytes within 1-hour exposure to TNF-α and glutamate. Furthermore, in the presence of SFN, the ability of TNF-α and glutamate to produce apoptosis in CMVEC and cortical astrocytes was completely prevented. Overall, SFN at low concentrations exhibits antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects in cerebral endothelial cells and cortical astrocytes via a via a nongenomic mechanism that involves inhibition of Nox4 NADPH oxidase activity. SFN may prevent cerebrovascular injury during brain oxidative stress caused by inflammation and glutamate excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Liu
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA
| | - Giri K. Chandaka
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA
| | - Helena Parfenova
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA
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26
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Chen KK, Minakuchi M, Wuputra K, Ku CC, Pan JB, Kuo KK, Lin YC, Saito S, Lin CS, Yokoyama KK. Redox control in the pathophysiology of influenza virus infection. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:214. [PMID: 32689931 PMCID: PMC7370268 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triggered in response to external and internal ligands in cells and animals, redox homeostasis is transmitted via signal molecules involved in defense redox mechanisms through networks of cell proliferation, differentiation, intracellular detoxification, bacterial infection, and immune reactions. Cellular oxidation is not necessarily harmful per se, but its effects depend on the balance between the peroxidation and antioxidation cascades, which can vary according to the stimulus and serve to maintain oxygen homeostasis. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated during influenza virus (IV) infection have critical effects on both the virus and host cells. In this review, we outline the link between viral infection and redox control using IV infection as an example. We discuss the current state of knowledge on the molecular relationship between cellular oxidation mediated by ROS accumulation and the diversity of IV infection. We also summarize the potential anti-IV agents available currently that act by targeting redox biology/pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ker-Kong Chen
- grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan ,Department of Densitory, Kaohisung University Hospital, Kaohisung, 807 Taiwan
| | - Moeko Minakuchi
- grid.5290.e0000 0004 1936 9975Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseca University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480 Japan
| | - Kenly Wuputra
- grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 80807 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Ku
- grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 80807 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan
| | - Jia-Bin Pan
- grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 80807 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan
| | - Kung-Kai Kuo
- grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Department Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chu Lin
- grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan
| | - Shigeo Saito
- grid.5290.e0000 0004 1936 9975Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseca University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480 Japan ,Saito Laboratory of Cell Technology Institute, Yalta, Tochigi, 329-1471 Japan
| | - Chang-Shen Lin
- grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 80807 Taiwan ,grid.412036.20000 0004 0531 9758Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424 Taiwan
| | - Kazunari K. Yokoyama
- grid.5290.e0000 0004 1936 9975Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseca University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480 Japan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 80807 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan ,grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Cell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan
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27
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Subedi L, Lee SE, Madiha S, Gaire BP, Jin M, Yumnam S, Kim SY. Phytochemicals against TNFα-Mediated Neuroinflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030764. [PMID: 31991572 PMCID: PMC7037901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a well-known pro-inflammatory cytokine responsible for the modulation of the immune system. TNF-α plays a critical role in almost every type of inflammatory disorder, including central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Although TNF-α is a well-studied component of inflammatory responses, its functioning in diverse cell types is still unclear. TNF-α functions through its two main receptors: tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and 2 (TNFR1, TNFR2), also known as p55 and p75, respectively. Normally, the functions of soluble TNF-α-induced TNFR1 activation are reported to be pro-inflammatory and apoptotic. While TNF-α mediated TNFR2 activation has a dual role. Several synthetic drugs used as inhibitors of TNF-α for diverse inflammatory diseases possess serious adverse effects, which make patients and researchers turn their focus toward natural medicines, phytochemicals in particular. Phytochemicals targeting TNF-α can significantly improve disease conditions involving TNF-α with fewer side effects. Here, we reviewed known TNF-α inhibitors, as well as lately studied phytochemicals, with a role in inhibiting TNF-α itself, and TNF-α-mediated signaling in inflammatory diseases focusing mainly on CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalita Subedi
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (L.S.); (S.E.L.); (B.P.G.)
| | - Si Eun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (L.S.); (S.E.L.); (B.P.G.)
| | - Syeda Madiha
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan;
| | - Bhakta Prasad Gaire
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (L.S.); (S.E.L.); (B.P.G.)
| | - Mirim Jin
- College of Medicine and Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University #155, Gaebeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Korea;
| | - Silvia Yumnam
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (L.S.); (S.E.L.); (B.P.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (S.Y.K.); Tel.: +82-32-820-4931 (S.Y. & S.Y.K.); Fax: +82-32-820-4932 (S.Y. & S.Y.K.)
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (L.S.); (S.E.L.); (B.P.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (S.Y.K.); Tel.: +82-32-820-4931 (S.Y. & S.Y.K.); Fax: +82-32-820-4932 (S.Y. & S.Y.K.)
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28
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Mhillaj E, Tarozzi A, Pruccoli L, Cuomo V, Trabace L, Mancuso C. Curcumin and Heme Oxygenase: Neuroprotection and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2419. [PMID: 31100781 PMCID: PMC6567096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural polyphenol component of Curcuma longa Linn, which is currently considered one of the most effective nutritional antioxidants for counteracting free radical-related diseases. Several experimental data have highlighted the pleiotropic neuroprotective effects of curcumin, due to its activity in multiple antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways involved in neurodegeneration. Although its poor systemic bioavailability after oral administration and low plasma concentrations represent restrictive factors for curcumin therapeutic efficacy, innovative delivery formulations have been developed in order to overwhelm these limitations. This review provides a summary of the main findings involving the heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase system as a valid target in mediating the potential neuroprotective properties of curcumin. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic properties and concerns about curcumin's safety profile have been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Mhillaj
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Tarozzi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47900 Rimini, Italy.
| | - Letizia Pruccoli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47900 Rimini, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Cuomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Luigia Trabace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Cesare Mancuso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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29
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Kim Y, Park J, Choi YK. The Role of Astrocytes in the Central Nervous System Focused on BK Channel and Heme Oxygenase Metabolites: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8050121. [PMID: 31060341 PMCID: PMC6562853 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes outnumber neurons in the human brain, and they play a key role in numerous functions within the central nervous system (CNS), including glutamate, ion (i.e., Ca2+, K+) and water homeostasis, defense against oxidative/nitrosative stress, energy storage, mitochondria biogenesis, scar formation, tissue repair via angiogenesis and neurogenesis, and synapse modulation. After CNS injury, astrocytes communicate with surrounding neuronal and vascular systems, leading to the clearance of disease-specific protein aggregates, such as β-amyloid, and α-synuclein. The astrocytic big conductance K+ (BK) channel plays a role in these processes. Recently, potential therapeutic agents that target astrocytes have been tested for their potential to repair the brain. In this review, we discuss the role of the BK channel and antioxidant agents such as heme oxygenase metabolites following CNS injury. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of astrocytes’ functions in the healthy and diseased brains will greatly contribute to the development of therapeutic approaches following CNS injury, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jinhong Park
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Yoon Kyung Choi
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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30
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Parfenova H, Pourcyrous M, Fedinec AL, Liu J, Basuroy S, Leffler CW. Astrocyte-produced carbon monoxide and the carbon monoxide donor CORM-A1 protect against cerebrovascular dysfunction caused by prolonged neonatal asphyxia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H978-H988. [PMID: 30028198 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00140.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal asphyxia leads to cerebrovascular disease and neurological complications via a mechanism that may involve oxidative stress. Carbon monoxide (CO) is an antioxidant messenger produced via a heme oxygenase (HO)-catalyzed reaction. Cortical astrocytes are the major cells in the brain that express constitutive HO-2 isoform. We tested the hypothesis that CO, produced by astrocytes, has cerebroprotective properties during neonatal asphyxia. We developed a survival model of prolonged asphyxia in newborn pigs that combines insults of severe hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acidosis while avoiding extreme hypotension and cerebral blood flow reduction. During the 60-min asphyxia, CO production by brain and astrocytes was continuously elevated. Excessive formation of reactive oxygen species during asphyxia/reventilation was potentiated by the HO inhibitor tin protoporphyrin, suggesting that endogenous CO has antioxidant effects. Cerebral vascular outcomes tested 24 and 48 h after asphyxia demonstrated the sustained impairment of cerebral vascular responses to astrocyte- and endothelium-specific vasodilators. Postasphyxia cerebral vascular dysfunction was aggravated in newborn pigs pretreated with tin protoporphyrin to inhibit brain HO/CO. The CO donor CO-releasing molecule-A1 (CORM-A1) reduced brain oxidative stress during asphyxia/reventilation and prevented postasphyxia cerebrovascular dysfunction. The antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of HO/CO and CORM-A1 were confirmed in primary cultures of astrocytes from the neonatal pig brain exposed to glutamate excitotoxicity. Overall, prolonged neonatal asphyxia leads to neurovascular injury via an oxidative stress-mediated mechanism that is counteracted by an astrocyte-based constitutive antioxidant HO/CO system. We propose that gaseous CO or CO donors can be used as novel approaches for prevention of neonatal brain injury caused by prolonged asphyxia. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Asphyxia in newborn infants may lead to lifelong neurological disabilities. Using the model of prolonged asphyxia in newborn piglets, we propose novel antioxidant therapy based on systemic administration of low doses of a carbon monoxide donor that prevent loss of cerebral blood flow regulation and may improve the neurological outcome of asphyxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Parfenova
- Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Massroor Pourcyrous
- Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Alex L Fedinec
- Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jianxiong Liu
- Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Shyamali Basuroy
- Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Charles W Leffler
- Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
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Zhou K, Cheng R, Liu B, Wang L, Xie H, Zhang C. Eupatilin ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis in mice partly through promoting AMPK activation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 46:46-56. [PMID: 30097122 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the higher morbidity of ulcerative colitis (UC), available treatments remain unsatisfactory in recent years. A natural flavone eupatilin (Eup) is known to inhibit the intestinal contraction. PURPOSE The protective role of Eup in intestinal inflammation remains unclear. This study attempted to determine the bioactivity of Eup against colitis and clarify the mechanism of action. STUDY DESIGN The in vitro effects of Eup on lipopolysaccharide-induced human THP-M macrophage activation and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-damaged intestinal epithelial (NCM460) cells were explored to clarify its potential protective effects. Then, the alleviative efficacy of Eup was established in dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced mice colitis. METHODS Pathological diagnosis, immunohistochemical staining, and reverse transcriptase PCR analysis as well as western blot analysis were employed in the current study. RESULTS Eup clearly inhibited inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Eup also clearly stabilized colonic epithelia by down-regulating overexpression of tight junction proteins and NADPH oxidases 4 (NOX4), and by promoting AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in TNF-α-stimulated NCM460 cells. In addition, in vivo study demonstrated that Eup treatment clearly ameliorated the symptoms and pathologic changes of colitis mice. The therapeutic effect of Eup was found to be reduced when compound C (an AMPK pharmacological inhibitor) was given to mice. CONCLUSION The study successfully demonstrated that Eup ameliorated DSS-induced mice colitis by suppressing inflammation and maintaining the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier via AMPK activation. The results provide valuable guidance for using Eup in UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Rui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Bei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Haifeng Xie
- Chengdu Biopurity Phytochemicals Ltd., Chengdu, 611131, PR China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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Exogenous carbon monoxide inhibits neutrophil infiltration in LPS-induced sepsis by interfering with FPR1 via p38 MAPK but not GRK2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:34250-65. [PMID: 27144520 PMCID: PMC5085153 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive neutrophil infiltration in vital organs is life-threatening to patients who suffer from sepsis. We identified a critical role of exogenous carbon monoxide (CO) in the inhibition of neutrophil infiltration during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. CO delivered from carbon monoxide-releasing molecule 2 (CORM-2) dramatically increased the survival rate of C57BL/6 mice subjected to LPS in vivo. CORM-2 significantly suppressed neutrophil infiltration in liver and lung as well as markers of inflammatory responses. Affymetrix GeneChip array analysis revealed that the increased expression of chemoattractant receptor formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) may contribute to the excessive neutrophil infiltration. The under agarose migration assay demonstrated that LPS stimulation promoted migration to the ligand of FPR1, N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) but that CORM-2 treatment inhibited this promotion. Further studies demonstrated that CORM-2 internalized FPR1 by inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) but not G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), which may explain the inhibitory effect of CORM-2 on LPS-stimulated neutrophils. In summary, our study demonstrates that exogenous CO inhibits sepsis-induced neutrophil infiltration by interfering with FPR1 via p38 MAPK but not GRK2.
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Belarbi K, Cuvelier E, Destée A, Gressier B, Chartier-Harlin MC. NADPH oxidases in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:84. [PMID: 29132391 PMCID: PMC5683583 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0225-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive movement neurodegenerative disease associated with a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain. Oxidative stress, a condition that occurs due to imbalance in oxidant and antioxidant status, is thought to play an important role in dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases are multi-subunit enzymatic complexes that generate reactive oxygen species as their primary function. Increased immunoreactivities for the NADPH oxidases catalytic subunits Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4 have been reported in the brain of PD patients. Furthermore, knockout or genetic inactivation of NADPH oxidases exert a neuroprotective effect and reduce detrimental aspects of pathology in experimental models of the disease. However, the connections between NADPH oxidases and the biological processes believed to contribute to neuronal death are not well known. This review provides a comprehensive summary of our current understanding about expression and physiological function of NADPH oxidases in neurons, microglia and astrocytes and their pathophysiological roles in PD. It summarizes the findings supporting the role of both microglial and neuronal NADPH oxidases in cellular disturbances associated with PD such as neuroinflammation, alpha-synuclein accumulation, mitochondrial and synaptic dysfunction or disruption of the autophagy-lysosome system. Furthermore, this review highlights different steps that are essential for NADPH oxidases enzymatic activity and pinpoints major obstacles to overcome for the development of effective NADPH oxidases inhibitors for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Belarbi
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Elodie Cuvelier
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Alain Destée
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Bernard Gressier
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Marie-Christine Chartier-Harlin
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000, Lille, France. .,Inserm UMR S-1172 Team "Early stages of Parkinson's Disease", 1 Place de Verdun, 59006, Lille, France.
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Ryter SW, Ma KC, Choi AMK. Carbon monoxide in lung cell physiology and disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 314:C211-C227. [PMID: 29118026 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00022.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenously produced gas that has gained recognition as a biological signal transduction effector with properties similar, but not identical, to that of nitric oxide (NO). CO, which binds primarily to heme iron, may activate the hemoprotein guanylate cyclase, although with lower potency than NO. Furthermore, CO can modulate the activities of several cellular signaling molecules such as p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, JNK, Akt, NF-κB, and others. Emerging studies suggest that mitochondria, the energy-generating organelle of cells, represent a key target of CO action in eukaryotes. Dose-dependent modulation of mitochondrial function by CO can result in alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, release of proapoptotic and proinflammatory mediators, as well as the inhibition of respiration at high concentration. CO, through modulation of signaling pathways, can impact key biological processes including autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, programmed cell death (apoptosis), cellular proliferation, inflammation, and innate immune responses. Inhaled CO is widely known as an inhalation hazard due to its rapid complexation with hemoglobin, resulting in impaired oxygen delivery to tissues and hypoxemia. Despite systemic and cellular toxicity at high concentrations, CO has demonstrated cyto- and tissue-protective effects at low concentration in animal models of organ injury and disease. These include models of acute lung injury (e.g., hyperoxia, hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion, mechanical ventilation, bleomycin) and sepsis. The success of CO as a candidate therapeutic in preclinical models suggests potential clinical application in inflammatory and proliferative disorders, which is currently under evaluation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan W Ryter
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Kevin C Ma
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York.,New York Presbyterian Hospital , New York, New York
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York.,New York Presbyterian Hospital , New York, New York
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Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) induced apoptosis and necroptosis in endothelial cells: Roles of NOX4 and mitochondrion. Redox Biol 2017; 11:524-534. [PMID: 28088644 PMCID: PMC5237803 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes endothelial death while underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, the pro-death effect of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) was investigated with low concentration (50μM) of t-BHP (t-BHPL) and high concentration (500μM) of t-BHP (t-BHPH). Both t-BHPL and t-BHPH induced endothelial cell death was determined. T-BHPL induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which was inhibited by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Furthermore, NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), NOX4 siRNA, and NOX4 inhibitor GKT137831 reduced t-BHPL-induced ROS generation while mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors rotenone (Rot), 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA), and antimycin A (AA) failed to do so. NOX4 overexpression resulted in increased ROS generation and Akt expression but decreased sensitivity to t-BHPL. In contrast, T-BHPH induced LDH release, PI uptake, and cell translucent cytoplasm. RIP1 inhibitor necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), MLKL inhibitor necrosulfonamide (NSA) and silencing RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL inhibited t-BHPH-induced cell death while pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK showed no effect. T-BHPH-induced ROS production was inhibited by TTFA, AA and Rot while DPI showed no effect. T-BHPH induced RIP1/RIP3 interaction, which was decreased by Rot, TTFA, and AA. Silence RIP1 and RIP3 but not MLKL inhibited t-BHPH-induced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decrease and ROS production. Moreover, P38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 reversed both t-BHPL and t-BHPH-induced cell death while inhibitors for ERKs and JNKs showed no obvious effect. These data suggested that t-BHP induced both apoptosis and necroptosis in endothelial cells which was mediated by ROS and p38MAPK. ROS derived from NADPH oxidase and mitochondria contributed to t-BHPL and t-BHPH-induced apoptosis and necroptosis, respectively.
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Li Q, Mao M, Qiu Y, Liu G, Sheng T, Yu X, Wang S, Zhu D. Key Role of ROS in the Process of 15-Lipoxygenase/15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoiccid-Induced Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Hypoxia Pulmonary Hypertension. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149164. [PMID: 26871724 PMCID: PMC4752324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) and its metabolite 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) were up-regulated in pulmonary arterial cells from both pulmonary artery hypertension patients and hypoxic rats and that these factors mediated the progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) by affecting the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary arterial (PA) cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of the remodeling induced by 15-HETE have remained unclear. As reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 15-LO are both induced by hypoxia, it is possible that ROS are involved in the events of hypoxia-induced 15-LO expression that lead to PH. We employed immunohistochemistry, tube formation assays, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays, and cell cycle analyses to explore the role of ROS in the process of 15-HETE-mediated hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). We found that exogenous 15-HETE facilitated the generation of ROS and that this effect was mainly localized to mitochondria. In particular, the mitochondrial electron transport chain and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4) were responsible for the significant 15-HETE-stimulated increase in ROS production. Moreover, ROS induced by 15-HETE stimulated endothelial cell (EC) migration and promoted pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation under hypoxia via the p38 MAPK pathway. These results indicated that 15-HETE-regulated ROS mediated hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) via the p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Bio-pharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Harbin, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanli Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Gaofeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Sheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiufeng Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Daling Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Bio-pharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Harbin, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Combining Normobaric Oxygen with Ethanol or Hypothermia Prevents Brain Damage from Thromboembolic Stroke via PKC-Akt-NOX Modulation. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:1263-1277. [PMID: 26820681 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9695-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In a thromboembolic stroke model after reperfusion by recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA), we aimed to determine whether therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and ethanol (EtOH) in combination with low concentration (60 %) of normobaric oxygen (NBO) enhanced neuroprotection, as compared to using each of these agents alone. We further aimed to elucidate a potential role of the NADPH oxidase (NOX), phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt), and protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ) pathway in oxidative stress and neuroprotection. In Sprague-Dawley rats, a focal middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion was induced by an autologous embolus in the following experimental groups: rt-PA treatment alone, rt-PA + NBO treatment, rt-PA + TH at 33 °C, rt-PA + EtOH, rt-PA + NBO + EtOH, rt-PA + NBO + TH, rt-PA + NOX inhibitor, rt-PA + EtOH + NOX inhibitor, or rt-PA + EtOH + Akt inhibitor. Control groups included sham-operated without stroke or stroke without treatment. Infarct volume and neurological deficit were assessed at 24 h after rt-PA-induced reperfusion with or without treatments. ROS levels, NOX activity, and the protein expression of NOX subunits p22phox, p47phox, p67phox, gp91phox, as well as PKC-δ and phosphorylated Akt were measured at 3 and 24 h after rt-PA-induced reperfusion. Following rt-PA in thromboembolic stroke rats, NBO combined with TH or EtOH more effectively decreased infarct volume and neurological deficit, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production than with any of the used monotherapies. NOX activity and subunit expressions were downregulated and temporally associated with reduced PKC-δ and increased p-Akt expression. The present study demonstrated that combining NBO with either TH or EtOH conferred similar neuroprotection via modulation of NOX activation. The results suggest a role of Akt in NOX activation and implicate an upstream PKC-δ pathway in the Akt regulation of NOX. It is possible to substitute EtOH for TH, thus circumventing the difficulties in clinical application of TH through the comparatively easier usage of EtOH as a potential stroke management.
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Saad MI, Abdelkhalek TM, Saleh MM, Kamel MA, Youssef M, Tawfik SH, Dominguez H. Insights into the molecular mechanisms of diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction: focus on oxidative stress and endothelial progenitor cells. Endocrine 2015; 50:537-67. [PMID: 26271514 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0709-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous, multifactorial, chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia owing to insulin insufficiency and insulin resistance (IR). Recent epidemiological studies showed that the diabetes epidemic affects 382 million people worldwide in 2013, and this figure is expected to be 600 million people by 2035. Diabetes is associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications resulting in accelerated endothelial dysfunction (ED), atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Unfortunately, the complex pathophysiology of diabetic cardiovascular damage is not fully understood. Therefore, there is a clear need to better understand the molecular pathophysiology of ED in diabetes, and consequently, better treatment options and novel efficacious therapies could be identified. In the light of recent extensive research, we re-investigate the association between diabetes-associated metabolic disturbances (IR, subclinical inflammation, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, dysregulated production of adipokines, defective incretin and gut hormones production/action, and oxidative stress) and ED, focusing on oxidative stress and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In addition, we re-emphasize that oxidative stress is the final common pathway that transduces signals from other conditions-either directly or indirectly-leading to ED and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Taha M Abdelkhalek
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Moustafa M Saleh
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maher A Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mina Youssef
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shady H Tawfik
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Helena Dominguez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Babu D, Leclercq G, Goossens V, Remijsen Q, Vandenabeele P, Motterlini R, Lefebvre RA. Antioxidant potential of CORM-A1 and resveratrol during TNF-α/cycloheximide-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in murine intestinal epithelial MODE-K cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 288:161-78. [PMID: 26187750 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Targeting excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) could be an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent oxidative stress-associated gastrointestinal inflammation. NADPH oxidase (NOX) and mitochondrial complexes (I and II) are the major sources of ROS production contributing to TNF-α/cycloheximide (CHX)-induced apoptosis in the mouse intestinal epithelial cell line, MODE-K. In the current study, the influence of a polyphenolic compound (resveratrol) and a water-soluble carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecule (CORM-A1) on the different sources of TNF-α/CHX-induced ROS production in MODE-K cells was assessed. This was compared with H2O2-, rotenone- or antimycin-A-induced ROS-generating systems. Intracellular total ROS, mitochondrial-derived ROS and mitochondrial superoxide anion (O2(-)) production levels were assessed. Additionally, the influence on TNF-α/CHX-induced changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψm) and mitochondrial function was studied. In basal conditions, CORM-A1 did not affect intracellular total or mitochondrial ROS levels, while resveratrol increased intracellular total ROS but reduced mitochondrial ROS production. TNF-α/CHX- and H2O2-mediated increase in intracellular total ROS production was reduced by both resveratrol and CORM-A1, whereas only resveratrol attenuated the increase in mitochondrial ROS triggered by TNF-α/CHX. CORM-A1 decreased antimycin-A-induced mitochondrial O2(-) production without any influence on TNF-α/CHX- and rotenone-induced mitochondrial O2(-) levels, while resveratrol abolished all three effects. Finally, resveratrol greatly reduced and abolished TNF-α/CHX-induced mitochondrial depolarization and mitochondrial dysfunction, while CORM-A1 only mildly affected these parameters. These data indicate that the cytoprotective effect of resveratrol is predominantly due to mitigation of mitochondrial ROS, while CORM-A1 acts solely on NOX-derived ROS to protect MODE-K cells from TNF-α/CHX-induced cell death. This might explain the more pronounced cytoprotective effect of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Babu
- Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - Georges Leclercq
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Vera Goossens
- Inflammation Research Center, Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Quinten Remijsen
- Inflammation Research Center, Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Inflammation Research Center, Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roberto Motterlini
- Inserm U955, Equipe 12 and University Paris-Est Créteil, Faculty of Medicine, F-94000 Créteil, France
| | - Romain A Lefebvre
- Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
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Roderique JD, Josef CS, Feldman MJ, Spiess BD. A modern literature review of carbon monoxide poisoning theories, therapies, and potential targets for therapy advancement. Toxicology 2015; 334:45-58. [PMID: 25997893 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The first descriptions of carbon monoxide (CO) and its toxic nature appeared in the literature over 100 years ago in separate publications by Drs. Douglas and Haldane. Both men ascribed the deleterious effects of this newly discovered gas to its strong interaction with hemoglobin. Since then the adverse sequelae of CO poisoning has been almost universally attributed to hypoxic injury secondary to CO occupation of oxygen binding sites on hemoglobin. Despite a mounting body of literature suggesting other mechanisms of injury, this pathophysiology and its associated oxygen centric therapies persists. This review attempts to elucidate the remarkably complex nature of CO as a gasotransmitter. While CO's affinity for hemoglobin remains undisputed, new research suggests that its role in nitric oxide release, reactive oxygen species formation, and its direct action on ion channels is much more significant. In the course of understanding the multifaceted character of this simple molecule it becomes apparent that current oxygen based therapies meant to displace CO from hemoglobin may be insufficient and possibly harmful. Approaching CO as a complex gasotransmitter will help guide understanding of the complex and poorly understood sequelae and illuminate potentials for new treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Roderique
- Department of Anesthesiology, VCU School of Medicine Sanger Hall, Rm B1-016, 1101 East Marshall Street, P.O. Box 980695, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Christopher S Josef
- Department of Anesthesiology, VCU School of Medicine Sanger Hall, Rm B1-016, 1101 East Marshall Street, P.O. Box 980695, Richmond, VA 23298, United States.
| | - Michael J Feldman
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Critical Care Hospital 8th floor, 1213 East Clay St, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Bruce D Spiess
- Department of Anesthesiology, VCU School of Medicine Sanger Hall, Rm B1-016, 1101 East Marshall Street, P.O. Box 980695, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
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Park SY, Lee YJ, Cho EJ, Shin CY, Sohn UD. Intrinsic resistance triggered under acid loading within normal esophageal epithelial cells: NHE1- and ROS-mediated survival. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1503-14. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Park
- Department of Pharmacology; College of Pharmacy; Chung-Ang University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology; College of Pharmacy; Chung-Ang University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Cho
- Department of Pharmacology; College of Pharmacy; Chung-Ang University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Chang Yell Shin
- Dong-A Pharmaceutical; Research Center; Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do South Korea
| | - Uy Dong Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology; College of Pharmacy; Chung-Ang University; Seoul South Korea
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Queiroga CSF, Vercelli A, Vieira HLA. Carbon monoxide and the CNS: challenges and achievements. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:1533-45. [PMID: 24758548 PMCID: PMC4369262 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Haem oxygenase (HO) and its product carbon monoxide (CO) are associated with cytoprotection and maintenance of homeostasis in several different organs and tissues. This review focuses upon the role of exogenous and endogenous CO (via HO activity and expression) in various CNS pathologies, based upon data from experimental models, as well as from some clinical data on human patients. The pathophysiological conditions reviewed are cerebral ischaemia, chronic neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases), multiple sclerosis and pain. Among these pathophysiological conditions, a variety of cellular mechanisms and processes are considered, namely cytoprotection, cell death, inflammation, cell metabolism, cellular redox responses and vasomodulation, as well as the different targeted neural cells. Finally, novel potential methods and strategies for delivering exogenous CO as a drug are discussed, particularly approaches based upon CO-releasing molecules, their limitations and challenges. The diagnostic and prognostic value of HO expression in clinical use for brain pathologies is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia S F Queiroga
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de LisboaLisbon, Portugal
| | - Alessandro Vercelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of TurinTurin, Italy
| | - Helena L A Vieira
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de LisboaLisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (IBET)Oeiras, Portugal
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Yan S, Zhang X, Zheng H, Hu D, Zhang Y, Guan Q, Liu L, Ding Q, Li Y. Clematichinenoside inhibits VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression in TNF-α-treated endothelial cells via NADPH oxidase-dependent IκB kinase/NF-κB pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 78:190-201. [PMID: 25463279 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α-induced adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells plays a critical role in the early stage of atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress and redox-sensitive transcription factors are implicated in the process. Thus, compounds that mediate intracellular redox status and regulate transcription factors are of great therapeutic interest. Clematichinenoside (AR), a triterpene saponin isolated from the root of Clematis chinensis Osbeck, was previously demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. However, little is known about the exact mechanism underlying these actions. Thus we performed a detailed study on its effect on leukocytes-endothelial cells adhesion with TNF-α-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and cell-free systems. First, we found that AR reduced TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression and their promoter activity, inhibited translocation of p65 and phosphorylation of IκBα, suppressed IκB kinase-β (IKK-β) activity, lowered O2(∙-) and H2O2 levels, tackled p47(phox) translocation, and decreased NOX4 NADPH oxidase expression. Second, we showed that AR exhibited no direct free radical scavenging ability in cell-free systems at concentrations that were used in intact cells. Besides, AR had no direct effect on the activity of IKK-β that was extracted from TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs. We also found that p47 translocation, NOX4 expression, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were up-regulated before IκB phosphorylation in TNF-α-induced HUVECs. Moreover, TNF-α-enhanced IKK-β activity was also inhibited by (polyethylene glycol) PEG-catalase, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and vitamin E. In conclusion, these results suggest that AR reduces VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression through NADPH oxidase-dependent IKK/NF-κB pathways in TNF-α-induced HUVECs, which finally suppress monocyte-HUVECs adhesion. This compound is potentially beneficial for early-stage atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Yan
- Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Experimental and Teaching Center of Medical Basis for Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Experimental and Teaching Center of Medical Basis for Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haili Zheng
- Experimental and Teaching Center of Medical Basis for Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Danhong Hu
- Experimental and Teaching Center of Medical Basis for Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongtian Zhang
- Experimental and Teaching Center of Medical Basis for Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinghua Guan
- Experimental and Teaching Center of Medical Basis for Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lifang Liu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and the Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qilong Ding
- Experimental and Teaching Center of Medical Basis for Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yunman Li
- Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Khajuria A, Tay C, Shi J, Zhao H, Ma D. Anesthetics attenuate ischemia–reperfusion induced renal injury: Effects and mechanisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 52:176-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aat.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Antioxidant mechanism of Rutin on hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial cell proliferation. Molecules 2014; 19:19036-49. [PMID: 25412048 PMCID: PMC6270752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191119036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the pathologic process of pulmonary arterial hypertension as either mediators or inducers. Rutin is a type of flavonoid which exhibits significant scavenging properties on oxygen radicals both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we proposed that rutin attenuated hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation by scavenging ROS. Immunofluorescence data showed that rutin decreased the production of ROS, which was mainly generated through mitochondria and NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs). Western blot results provided further evidence on rutin increasing expression of Nox4 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Moreover, cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry indicated that proliferation of PASMCs triggered by hypoxia was also repressed by rutin. However, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a scavenger of ROS, abolished or diminished the capability of rutin in repressing hypoxia-induced cell proliferation. These data suggest that rutin shows a potential benefit against the development of hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension by inhibiting ROS, subsequently preventing hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation.
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Lin JS, Lin HH, Li YC, King YC, Sung RJ, Kuo YW, Lin CC, Shen YH, Jeng ST. Carbon monoxide regulates the expression of the wound-inducible gene ipomoelin through antioxidation and MAPK phosphorylation in sweet potato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:5279-90. [PMID: 25063862 PMCID: PMC4157712 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO), one of the haem oxygenase (HO) products, plays important roles in plant development and stress adaptation. However, the function of CO involved in wounding responses is seldom studied. A wound-inducible gene, ipomoelin (IPO), of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas cv. Tainung 57) was used as a target to study the regulation of CO in wounding responses. After wounding for 1h, the endogenous CO content and IbHO expression level were significantly reduced in leaves. IPO expression upon wounding was prohibited by the HO activator hemin, whereas the HO inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX elevated IPO expression. The IPO expression induced by wounding, H2O2, or methyl jasmonate was inhibited by CO. CO also affected the activities of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and peroxidase, and largely decreased H2O2 content in leaves. CO inhibited the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation induced by wounding. IbMAPK, the ERK of sweet potato, was identified by immunoblotting, and the interaction with its upstream activator, IbMEK1, was further confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation. Conclusively, wounding in leaves repressed IbHO expression and CO production, induced H2O2 generation and ERK phosphorylation, and then stimulated IPO expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Shane Lin
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Lin
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Li
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi King
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Jin Sung
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wei Kuo
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Lin
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsing Shen
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Tong Jeng
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Monnereau A, Slager SL, Hughes AM, Smith A, Glimelius B, Habermann TM, Berndt SI, Staines A, Norman AD, Cerhan JR, Sampson JN, Morton LM, Clavel J. Medical history, lifestyle, and occupational risk factors for hairy cell leukemia: the InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2014; 2014:115-24. [PMID: 25174032 PMCID: PMC4155459 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgu004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the etiology of hairy cell leukemia (HCL), a rare B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with marked male predominance. Our aim was to identify key risk factors for HCL. METHODS A pooled analysis of individual-level data for 154 histologically confirmed HCL cases and 8834 controls from five case-control studies, conducted in Europe and Australia, was undertaken. Age-, race and/or ethnicity-, sex-, and study-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS The usual patterns for age and sex in HCL were observed, with a median age of 55 years and sex ratio of 3.7 males to females. Cigarette smoking was inversely associated with HCL (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.37 to 0.71) with dose-response relationships observed for duration, frequency, and lifetime cigarette smoking (P(trend) < .001). In contrast, occupation as a farmer was positively associated with HCL (OR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.36 to 4.01), with a dose-response relationship observed for duration (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 0.85 to 3.88 for ≤ 10 years vs never; and OR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.50 to 5.93 for >10 years vs never; P(trend) = .025). Adult height was also positively associated with HCL (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.39 to 5.29 for upper vs lower quartile of height). The observed associations remained consistent in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our observations of an increased risk of HCL from farming exposures and decreased risk from smoking exposures, independent of one another, support a multifactorial origin and an etiological specificity of HCL compared with other non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes. The positive association with height is a novel finding that needs replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Monnereau
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt).
| | - Susan L Slager
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - Ann Maree Hughes
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - Alex Smith
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - Bengt Glimelius
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - Thomas M Habermann
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - Anthony Staines
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - Aaron D Norman
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - James R Cerhan
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - Joshua N Sampson
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - Lindsay M Morton
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Group and Univ Paris Sud, Villejuif, France (AM, JC); Registry of Hematological Malignancies in Gironde, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France (AM); Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (SLS, TMH, ADN, JRC); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (AMH); Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK (ASm); Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (BG); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (SIB, JNS, LMM); School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (ASt)
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Muñoz-Sánchez J, Chánez-Cárdenas ME. A review on hemeoxygenase-2: focus on cellular protection and oxygen response. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:604981. [PMID: 25136403 PMCID: PMC4127239 DOI: 10.1155/2014/604981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hemeoxygenase (HO) system is responsible for cellular heme degradation to biliverdin, iron, and carbon monoxide. Two isoforms have been reported to date. Homologous HO-1 and HO-2 are microsomal proteins with more than 45% residue identity, share a similar fold and catalyze the same reaction. However, important differences between isoforms also exist. HO-1 isoform has been extensively studied mainly by its ability to respond to cellular stresses such as hemin, nitric oxide donors, oxidative damage, hypoxia, hyperthermia, and heavy metals, between others. On the contrary, due to its apparently constitutive nature, HO-2 has been less studied. Nevertheless, its abundance in tissues such as testis, endothelial cells, and particularly in brain, has pointed the relevance of HO-2 function. HO-2 presents particular characteristics that made it a unique protein in the HO system. Since attractive results on HO-2 have been arisen in later years, we focused this review in the second isoform. We summarize information on gene description, protein structure, and catalytic activity of HO-2 and particular facts such as its cellular impact and activity regulation. Finally, we call attention on the role of HO-2 in oxygen sensing, discussing proposed hypothesis on heme binding motifs and redox/thiol switches that participate in oxygen sensing as well as evidences of HO-2 response to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Muñoz-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, 14269 Delegación Tlalpan, DF, Mexico
| | - María Elena Chánez-Cárdenas
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, 14269 Delegación Tlalpan, DF, Mexico
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Shao B, Bayraktutan U. Hyperglycaemia promotes human brain microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis via induction of protein kinase C-ßI and prooxidant enzyme NADPH oxidase. Redox Biol 2014; 2:694-701. [PMID: 24936444 PMCID: PMC4052534 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier disruption represents a key feature in hyperglycaemia-aggravated cerebral damage after an ischaemic stroke. Although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) is thought to play a critical role. This study examined whether apoptosis of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) might contribute to hyperglycaemia-evoked barrier damage and assessed the specific role of PKC in this phenomenon. Treatments with hyperglycaemia (25 mM) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, a protein kinase C activator, 100 nM) significantly increased NADPH oxidase activity, O2 (•-) generation, proapoptotic protein Bax expression, TUNEL-positive staining and caspase-3/7 activities. Pharmacological inhibition of NADPH oxidase, PKC-a, PKC-ß or PKC-ßI via their specific inhibitors and neutralisation of O2 (•-) by a cell-permeable superoxide dismutase mimetic, MnTBAP normalised all the aforementioned increases induced by hyperglycaemia. Suppression of these PKC isoforms also negated the stimulatory effects of hyperglycaemia on the protein expression of NADPH oxidase membrane-bound components, Nox2 and p22-phox which determine the overall enzymatic activity. Silencing of PKC-ßI gene through use of specific siRNAs abolished the effects of both hyperglycaemia and PMA on endothelial cell NADPH oxidase activity, O2 (•-) production and apoptosis and consequently improved the integrity and function of an in vitro model of human cerebral barrier comprising HBMEC, astrocytes and pericytes. Hyperglycaemia-mediated apoptosis of HBMEC contributes to cerebral barrier dysfunction and is modulated by sequential activations of PKC-ßI and NADPH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beili Shao
- Stroke, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Ulvi Bayraktutan
- Stroke, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
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Qin W, Zhang J, Lv W, Wang X, Sun B. Effect of carbon monoxide-releasing molecules II-liberated CO on suppressing inflammatory response in sepsis by interfering with nuclear factor kappa B activation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75840. [PMID: 24116078 PMCID: PMC3792130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis continues to be a challenge in clinic. The rates of mortality in sepsis patients remain high. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and the underlying mechanisms of carbon monoxide-releasing molecules II (CORM-2)-liberated CO on suppressing inflammatory response in sepsis. It was shown that treatment of septic mice with CORM-2 attenuated PMN accumulation, downregulated cytokines production, inhibited expressions of iNOS and NF-κB activity in the lung and liver. In parallel, CORM-2 prevented activation of NF-κB in LPS-stimulated HUVEC. This was accompanied by a decrease in ROS and NO production, expression of ICAM-1 and subsequent PMN adhesion to HUVEC. These findings demonstrated that CORM-released CO attenuates inflammatory responses by interfering with NF-κB activation and therefore decreasing the expression of ICAM-1 and NO production, attenuating the oxidative stress and inflammation in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Qin
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinli Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wanghui Lv
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bingwei Sun
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail:
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