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Park JS, Murlasits Z, Kim S. The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Variation of Oxidative Stress, hs-CRP and Cortisol Induced by Sleep Deficiency. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11081201. [PMID: 37108035 PMCID: PMC10138165 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of sleep deficiency (SD) on oxidative stress, hs-CRP and cortisol levels and to examine the effects of different intensities of aerobic exercise on these parameters under SD conditions. Thirty-two healthy male university students participated in the study and underwent both normal sleep (NS, 8 h of sleep per night for 3 consecutive days) and SD (4 h of sleep per night for 3 consecutive days). After the SD period, the participants performed treatment for 30 min according to their assigned group [sleep supplement after SD (SSD), low-intensity aerobic exercise after SD (LES), moderate-intensity aerobic exercise after SD (MES), high-intensity aerobic exercise after SD (HES)]. Sleep-related factors were measured at NS and SD, while oxidative stress, hs-CRP and cortisol levels were measured at NS, SD and immediately after treatment by group (AT). The results showed that actual total sleep time (ATST) was significantly reduced during SD compared to NS (p < 0.001), while the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) were significantly increased during SD compared to NS (p < 0.001). The difference in reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and cortisol levels showed a significant interaction effect (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively), with LES showing a decrease in d-ROMs and cortisol levels compared to SD (p < 0.05). Similarly, SSD showed a decrease in cortisol levels compared to SD (p < 0.05), while HES led to a significant increase in d-ROMs and cortisol levels compared to SD (p < 0.05). Biological antioxidant potential (BAP) and hs-CRP did not show any significant effect (p > 0.05). These results suggest that LES is the most effective exercise intensity for mitigating the negative effects of SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Suk Park
- School of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong-si 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Zsolt Murlasits
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sangho Kim
- School of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong-si 30019, Republic of Korea
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Thompson KI, Chau M, Lorenzetti MS, Hill LD, Fins AI, Tartar JL. Acute sleep deprivation disrupts emotion, cognition, inflammation, and cortisol in young healthy adults. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:945661. [PMID: 36212194 PMCID: PMC9538963 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.945661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic sleep deprivation has been demonstrated to diminish cognitive performance, alter mood states, and concomitantly dysregulate inflammation and stress hormones. At present, however, there is little understanding of how an acute sleep deprivation may collectively affect these factors and alter functioning. The present study aimed to determine the extent to which 24-h of sleep deprivation influences inflammatory cytokines, stress hormones, cognitive processing across domains, and emotion states. To that end, 23 participants (mean age = 20.78 years, SD = 2.87) filled out clinical health questionnaires measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire, and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Actigraph was worn for seven days across testing to record sleep duration. At each session participants underwent a series of measures, including saliva and blood samples for quantification of leptin, ghrelin, IL-1β, IL-6, CRP, and cortisol levels, they completed a cognitive battery using an iPad, and an emotion battery. We found that an acute sleep deprivation, limited to a 24 h period, increases negative emotion states such as anxiety, fatigue, confusion, and depression. In conjunction, sleep deprivation results in increased inflammation and decreased cortisol levels in the morning, that are accompanied by deficits in vigilance and impulsivity. Combined, these results suggest that individuals who undergo 24 h sleep deprivation will induce systemic alterations to inflammation and endocrine functioning, while concomitantly increasing negative emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla I. Thompson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and School Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, United States
| | - Minh Chau
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, United States
| | | | - Lauren D. Hill
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ana I. Fins
- Department of Clinical and School Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, United States
| | - Jaime L. Tartar
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Jaime L. Tartar
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Modeling the Influence of Chronic Sleep Restriction on Cortisol Circadian Rhythms, with Implications for Metabolic Disorders. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080483. [PMID: 34436424 PMCID: PMC8400645 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic sleep deficiency is prevalent in modern society and is associated with increased risk of metabolic and other diseases. While the mechanisms by which chronic sleep deficiency induces pathophysiological changes are yet to be elucidated, the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis may be an important mediator of these effects. Cortisol, the primary hormone of the HPA axis, exhibits robust circadian rhythmicity and is moderately influenced by sleep and wake states and other physiology. Several studies have explored the effects of acute or chronic sleep deficiency (i.e., usually from self-selected chronic sleep restriction, CSR) on the HPA axis. Quantifying long-term changes in the circadian rhythm of cortisol under CSR in controlled conditions is inadequately studied due to practical limitations. We use a semi-mechanistic mathematical model of the HPA axis and the sleep/wake cycle to explore the influence of CSR on cortisol circadian rhythmicity. In qualitative agreement with experimental findings, model simulations predict that CSR results in physiologically relevant disruptions in the phase and amplitude of the cortisol rhythm. The mathematical model presented in this work provides a mechanistic framework to further explore how CSR might lead to HPA axis disruption and subsequent development of chronic metabolic complications.
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Dergaa I, Romdhani M, Fessi MS, Ben Saad H, Varma A, Ben Salem A, Gadhavi B, Chaabane M, Souissi N, Hammouda O. Does lunar cycle affect biological parameters in young healthy men? Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:933-940. [PMID: 33779457 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1897609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effects of the lunar cycle on diurnal variation of biological, i.e, hormonal, biochemical, and hematological, profiles of diurnally active healthy men. Blood samples of 20 males were collected on four occasions [full moon (FM) and new moon (NM), in the morning (06:00-07:00 h) and evening (19:00-20:00 h)]. The results showed that melatonin and testosterone levels and neutrophils count were lower during the FM as compared to the NM in the morning (p < .001; d = 4.13, p < .001; d = 3.84, p < .01; d = 0.77, respectively) and evening (p < .001; d = 6.36, p < .001; d = 4.03, p < .05; d = 1.07, respectively) samples. However, cortisol level was higher during the FM compared to the NM, in the morning (p < .001; d = 0.74) and evening (p < .001; d = 3.54). Hemoglobinemia was higher only in the evening during the FM compared to the evening of the NM (p < .01; d = 1.22). In summary, this study confirmed that lunar cycle can affect human biological parameters independently of time of day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Dergaa
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.,PHCC, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Romdhani
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Saifeddin Fessi
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED de Sousse, Laboratoire de Recherche (LR12SP09) "Insuffisance cardiaque", Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Amit Varma
- PHCC, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | - Nizar Souissi
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France.,Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Wright KP, Drake AL, Frey DJ, Fleshner M, Desouza CA, Gronfier C, Czeisler CA. Influence of sleep deprivation and circadian misalignment on cortisol, inflammatory markers, and cytokine balance. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 47:24-34. [PMID: 25640603 PMCID: PMC5401766 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortisol and inflammatory proteins are released into the blood in response to stressors and chronic elevations of blood cortisol and inflammatory proteins may contribute to ongoing disease processes and could be useful biomarkers of disease. How chronic circadian misalignment influences cortisol and inflammatory proteins, however, is largely unknown and this was the focus of the current study. Specifically, we examined the influence of weeks of chronic circadian misalignment on cortisol, stress ratings, and pro- and anti-inflammatory proteins in humans. We also compared the effects of acute total sleep deprivation and chronic circadian misalignment on cortisol levels. Healthy, drug free females and males (N=17) aged 20-41 participated. After 3weeks of maintaining consistent sleep-wake schedules at home, six laboratory baseline days and nights, a 40-h constant routine (CR, total sleep deprivation) to examine circadian rhythms for melatonin and cortisol, participants were scheduled to a 25-day laboratory entrainment protocol that resulted in sleep and circadian disruption for eight of the participants. A second constant routine was conducted to reassess melatonin and cortisol rhythms on days 34-35. Plasma cortisol levels were also measured during sampling windows every week and trapezoidal area under the curve (AUC) was used to estimate 24-h cortisol levels. Inflammatory proteins were assessed at baseline and near the end of the entrainment protocol. Acute total sleep deprivation significantly increased cortisol levels (p<0.0001), whereas chronic circadian misalignment significantly reduced cortisol levels (p<0.05). Participants who exhibited normal circadian phase relationships with the wakefulness-sleep schedule showed little change in cortisol levels. Stress ratings increased during acute sleep deprivation (p<0.0001), whereas stress ratings remained low across weeks of study for both the misaligned and synchronized control group. Circadian misalignment significantly increased plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 10 (IL-10) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p<0.05). Little change was observed for the TNF-α/IL-10 ratio during circadian misalignment, whereas the TNF-α/IL-10 ratio and CRP levels decreased in the synchronized control group across weeks of circadian entrainment. The current findings demonstrate that total sleep deprivation and chronic circadian misalignment modulate cortisol levels and that chronic circadian misalignment increases plasma concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth P. Wright
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO. 80309 USA,Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO. 80309 USA,to whom correspondence should be sent. 1725 Pleasant Street, Clare Small 114, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, 80309-0354, Phone 303-735-6409
| | - Amanda L. Drake
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO. 80309 USA
| | - Danielle J. Frey
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO. 80309 USA,Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO. 80309 USA
| | - Monika Fleshner
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO. 80309 USA,Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO. 80309 USA
| | - Christopher A. Desouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO. 80309 USA
| | - Claude Gronfier
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA,Department of Chronobiology, Inserm U846, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Bron, France ; University of Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Charles A. Czeisler
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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Song HT, Sun XY, Yang TS, Zhang LY, Yang JL, Bai J. Effects of sleep deprivation on serum cortisol level and mental health in servicemen. Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 96:169-75. [PMID: 25913092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation on serum cortisol level and mental health and explore the correlations between them in servicemen. A total of 149 out of the 207 Chinese servicemen were randomly selected to go through 24hour sleep deprivation, leaving the rest (58) as the control group, before and after which their blood samples were drawn for cortisol measurement. Following the procedure, all the participants were administered the Military Personnel Mental Disorder Prediction Scale, taking the military norm as baseline. The results revealed that the post-deprivation serum cortisol level was positively correlated with the factor score of mania in the sleep deprivation group (rSp=0.415, p<0.001). Sleep deprivation could significantly increase serum cortisol level and may affect mental health in servicemen. The increase of serum cortisol level is significantly related to mania disorder during sleep deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Song
- Department of Psychiatric Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yang Sun
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, PingAn Health Cloud Company Ltd. of China, Shanghai 200051, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting-Shu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yi Zhang
- Prevention and Treatment Center for Psychological Diseases, No. 102 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jia-Lin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, People's Republic of China
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Sleep and multisystem biological risk: a population-based study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118467. [PMID: 25714703 PMCID: PMC4340787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Short sleep and poor sleep quality are associated with risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and mortality. This study examines the contribution of sleep duration and sleep quality on a multisystem biological risk index that is known to be associated with morbidity and mortality. Methods Analyses include a population-based sample from the Midlife Development in the United States survey recruited to the Biomarker substudy. A total of 1,023 participants aged 54.5 years (SD = 11.8), 56% female and 77.6% white, were included in the analyses. A multisystem biological risk index was derived from 22 biomarkers capturing cardiovascular, immune, lipid-metabolic, glucose-metabolic, sympathetic, parasympathetic, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal systems. Self-reported average sleep duration was categorized as short (<5 hrs), below normal (5 to <6.5 hrs), normal (6.5 to <8.5 hrs), and long sleepers (8.5+ hrs). Sleep quality was determined using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index categorized as normal (≤5) and poor quality (>5) sleep. Findings Linear mixed effect models adjusting for age, gender, race, education, income, BMI, and health status were performed. As compared to normal sleepers, multisystem biological risk in both short (B(SE) = .38(.15), p<.01) and long sleepers (B(SE) = .28(.11), p<.01) were elevated. Poor quality sleep alone was associated with elevated multisystem biological risk (B(SE) = .15(.06), p = .01), but was not significant after adjustment for health status. All short sleepers reported poor sleep quality. However in the long sleepers, only those who reported poor sleep quality exhibited elevated multisystem biological risk (B(SE) = .93(.3), p = .002). Conclusions Self-reported poor sleep quality with either short or long sleep duration is associated with dysregulation in physiological set points across regulatory systems, leading to elevated multisystem biological risk. Physicians should inquire about sleep health in the assessment of lifestyle factors related to disease risk, with evidence that healthy sleep is associated with lower multisystem biological risk.
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Juster RP, McEwen BS. Sleep and chronic stress: new directions for allostatic load research. Sleep Med 2015; 16:7-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Haluza D, Schönbauer R, Cervinka R. Green perspectives for public health: a narrative review on the physiological effects of experiencing outdoor nature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:5445-61. [PMID: 24852391 PMCID: PMC4053896 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110505445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural environments offer a high potential for human well-being, restoration and stress recovery in terms of allostatic load. A growing body of literature is investigating psychological and physiological health benefits of contact with Nature. So far, a synthesis of physiological health outcomes of direct outdoor nature experiences and its potential for improving Public Health is missing. We were interested in summarizing the outcomes of studies that investigated physiological outcomes of experiencing Nature measuring at least one physiological parameter during the last two decades. Studies on effects of indoor or simulated Nature exposure via videos or photos, animal contact, and wood as building material were excluded from further analysis. As an online literature research delivered heterogeneous data inappropriate for quantitative synthesis approaches, we descriptively summarized and narratively synthesized studies. The procedure started with 1,187 titles. Research articles in English language published in international peer-reviewed journals that investigated the effects of natural outdoor environments on humans by were included. We identified 17 relevant articles reporting on effects of Nature by measuring 20 different physiological parameters. We assigned these parameters to one of the four body systems brain activity, cardiovascular system, endocrine system, and immune function. These studies reported mainly direct and positive effects, however, our analyses revealed heterogeneous outcomes regarding significance of results. Most of the studies were conducted in Japan, based on quite small samples, predominantly with male students as participants in a cross-sectional design. In general, our narrative review provided an ambiguous illustration of the effects outdoor nature exerted on physiological parameters. However, the majority of studies reported significant positive effects. A harmonizing effect of Nature, especially on physiological stress reactions, was found across all body systems. From a Public Health perspective, interdisciplinary work on utilizing benefits of Nature regarding health promotion, disease prevention, and nature-based therapy should be optimized in order to eventually diminish given methodological limitations from mono-disciplinary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Haluza
- Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Regina Schönbauer
- Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Renate Cervinka
- Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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