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Jain SK, Justin Margret J, Abrams SA, Levine SN, Bhusal K. The Impact of Vitamin D and L-Cysteine Co-Supplementation on Upregulating Glutathione and Vitamin D-Metabolizing Genes and in the Treatment of Circulating 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Deficiency. Nutrients 2024; 16:2004. [PMID: 38999752 PMCID: PMC11243476 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D receptors are expressed in many organs and tissues, which suggests that vitamin D (VD) affects physiological functions beyond its role in maintaining bone health. Deficiency or inadequacy of 25(OH)VD is widespread globally. Population studies demonstrate that a positive association exists between a high incidence of VD deficiency and a high incidence of chronic diseases, including dementia, diabetes, and heart disease. However, many subjects have difficulty achieving the required circulating levels of 25(OH)VD even after high-dose VD supplementation, and randomized controlled clinical trials have reported limited therapeutic success post-VD supplementation. Thus, there is a discordance between the benefits of VD supplementation and the prevention of chronic diseases in those with VD deficiency. Why this dissociation exists is currently under debate and is of significant public interest. This review discusses the downregulation of VD-metabolizing genes needed to convert consumed VD into 25(OH)VD to enable its metabolic action exhibited by subjects with metabolic syndrome, obesity, and other chronic diseases. Research findings indicate a positive correlation between the levels of 25(OH)VD and glutathione (GSH) in both healthy and diabetic individuals. Cell culture and animal experiments reveal a novel mechanism through which the status of GSH can positively impact the expression of VD metabolism genes. This review highlights that for better success, VD deficiency needs to be corrected at multiple levels: (i) VD supplements and/or VD-rich foods need to be consumed to provide adequate VD, and (ii) the body needs to be able to upregulate VD-metabolizing genes to convert VD into 25(OH)VD and then to 1,25(OH)2VD to enhance its metabolic action. This review outlines the association between 25(OH)VD deficiency/inadequacy and decreased GSH levels, highlighting the positive impact of combined VD+LC supplementation on upregulating GSH, VD-metabolizing genes, and VDR. These effects have the potential to enhance 25(OH)VD levels and its therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil K. Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
| | - Jeffrey Justin Margret
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
| | - Steven A. Abrams
- Department of Pediatrics and Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - Steven N. Levine
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (S.N.L.); (K.B.)
| | - Kamal Bhusal
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; (S.N.L.); (K.B.)
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2
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Shorter E, Engman V, Lanner JT. Cancer-associated muscle weakness - From triggers to molecular mechanisms. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 97:101260. [PMID: 38457901 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle weakness is a debilitating consequence of many malignancies. Muscle weakness has a negative impact on both patient wellbeing and outcome in a range of cancer types and can be the result of loss of muscle mass (i.e. muscle atrophy, cachexia) and occur independently of muscle atrophy or cachexia. There are multiple cancer specific triggers that can initiate the progression of muscle weakness, including the malignancy itself and the tumour environment, as well as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and malnutrition. This can induce weakness via different routes: 1) impaired intrinsic capacity (i.e., contractile dysfunction and intramuscular impairments in excitation-contraction coupling or crossbridge cycling), 2) neuromuscular disconnection and/or 3) muscle atrophy. The mechanisms that underlie these pathways are a complex interplay of inflammation, autophagy, disrupted protein synthesis/degradation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The current lack of therapies to treat cancer-associated muscle weakness highlight the critical need for novel interventions (both pharmacological and non-pharmacological) and mechanistic insight. Moreover, most research in the field has placed emphasis on directly improving muscle mass to improve muscle strength. However, accumulating evidence suggests that loss of muscle function precedes atrophy. This review primarily focuses on cancer-associated muscle weakness, independent of cachexia, and provides a solid background on the underlying mechanisms, methodology, current interventions, gaps in knowledge, and limitations of research in the field. Moreover, we have performed a mini-systematic review of recent research into the mechanisms behind muscle weakness in specific cancer types, along with the main pathways implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Shorter
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Viktor Engman
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden.
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3
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Prabakaran AD, McFarland K, Miz K, Durumutla HB, Piczer K, El Abdellaoui Soussi F, Latimer H, Werbrich C, Chung HJ, Blair NS, Millay DP, Morris AJ, Prideaux B, Finck BN, Quattrocelli M. Intermittent glucocorticoid treatment improves muscle metabolism via the PGC1α/Lipin1 axis in an aging-related sarcopenia model. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e177427. [PMID: 38702076 PMCID: PMC11142738 DOI: 10.1172/jci177427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia burdens the older population through loss of muscle energy and mass, yet treatments to functionally rescue both parameters are lacking. The glucocorticoid prednisone remodels muscle metabolism on the basis of frequency of intake, but its mechanisms in sarcopenia are unknown. We found that once-weekly intermittent prednisone administration rescued muscle quality in aged 24-month-old mice to a level comparable to that seen in young 4-month-old mice. We discovered an age- and sex-independent glucocorticoid receptor transactivation program in muscle encompassing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 α (PGC1α) and its cofactor Lipin1. Treatment coordinately improved mitochondrial abundance through isoform 1 and muscle mass through isoform 4 of the myocyte-specific PGC1α, which was required for the treatment-driven increase in carbon shuttling from glucose oxidation to amino acid biogenesis. We also probed myocyte-specific Lipin1 as a nonredundant factor coaxing PGC1α upregulation to the stimulation of both oxidative and anabolic effects. Our study unveils an aging-resistant druggable program in myocytes for the coordinated rescue of energy and mass in sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok D. Prabakaran
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kevin McFarland
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Karen Miz
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hima Bindu Durumutla
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kevin Piczer
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Fadoua El Abdellaoui Soussi
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hannah Latimer
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Cole Werbrich
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hyun-Jy Chung
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - N. Scott Blair
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Douglas P. Millay
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew J. Morris
- Department Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) College of Medicine and Central Arkansas VA Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- Department Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Brian N. Finck
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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4
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Kwon Y. YAP/TAZ as Molecular Targets in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Osteoporosis. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0306. [PMID: 38502585 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles and bones are closely connected anatomically and functionally. Age-related degeneration in these tissues is associated with physical disability in the elderly and significantly impacts their quality of life. Understanding the mechanisms of age-related musculoskeletal tissue degeneration is crucial for identifying molecular targets for therapeutic interventions for skeletal muscle atrophy and osteoporosis. The Hippo pathway is a recently identified signaling pathway that plays critical roles in development, tissue homeostasis, and regeneration. The Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are key downstream effectors of the mammalian Hippo signaling pathway. This review highlights the fundamental roles of YAP and TAZ in the homeostatic maintenance and regeneration of skeletal muscles and bones. YAP/TAZ play a significant role in stem cell function by relaying various environmental signals to stem cells. Skeletal muscle atrophy and osteoporosis are related to stem cell dysfunction or senescence triggered by YAP/TAZ dysregulation resulting from reduced mechanosensing and mitochondrial function in stem cells. In contrast, the maintenance of YAP/TAZ activation can suppress stem cell senescence and tissue dysfunction and may be used as a basis for the development of potential therapeutic strategies. Thus, targeting YAP/TAZ holds significant therapeutic potential for alleviating age-related muscle and bone dysfunction and improving the quality of life in the elderly.
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Mthembu SXH, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Ziqubu K, Muvhulawa N, Marcheggiani F, Cirilli I, Nkambule BB, Muller CJF, Basson AK, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Potential regulatory role of PGC-1α within the skeletal muscle during metabolic adaptations in response to high-fat diet feeding in animal models. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:283-293. [PMID: 38044359 PMCID: PMC10847180 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) feeding in rodents has become an essential tool to critically analyze and study the pathological effects of obesity, including mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) regulates cellular energy metabolism to influence insulin sensitivity, beyond its active role in stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis to facilitate skeletal muscle adaptations in response to HFD feeding. Here, some of the major electronic databases like PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were accessed to update and critically discuss information on the potential role of PGC-1α during metabolic adaptations within the skeletal muscle in response to HFD feeding in rodents. In fact, available evidence suggests that partial exposure to HFD feeding (potentially during the early stages of disease development) is associated with impaired metabolic adaptations within the skeletal muscle, including mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced insulin sensitivity. In terms of implicated molecular mechanisms, these negative effects are partially associated with reduced activity of PGC-1α, together with the phosphorylation of protein kinase B and altered expression of genes involving nuclear respiratory factor 1 and mitochondrial transcription factor A within the skeletal muscle. Notably, metabolic abnormalities observed with chronic exposure to HFD (likely during the late stages of disease development) may potentially occur independently of PGC-1α regulation within the muscle of rodents. Summarized evidence suggests the causal relationship between PGC-1α regulation and effective modulations of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic flexibility during the different stages of disease development. It further indicates that prominent interventions like caloric restriction and physical exercise may affect PGC-1α regulation during effective modulation of metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinenhlanhla X H Mthembu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Sithandiwe E Mazibuko-Mbeje
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Ndivhuwo Muvhulawa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Fabio Marcheggiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilenia Cirilli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Christo J F Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, 3886, South Africa
| | - Albertus K Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, 3886, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, 3886, South Africa.
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
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6
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Prabakaran AD, McFarland K, Miz K, Durumutla HB, Piczer K, El Abdellaoui Soussi F, Latimer H, Werbrich C, Blair NS, Millay DP, Prideaux B, Finck BN, Quattrocelli M. Glucocorticoid intermittence coordinates rescue of energy and mass in aging-related sarcopenia through the myocyte-autonomous PGC1alpha-Lipin1 transactivation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.16.562573. [PMID: 37905062 PMCID: PMC10614926 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.16.562573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia burdens the elderly population through loss of muscle energy and mass, yet treatments to functionally rescue both parameters are missing. The glucocorticoid prednisone remodels muscle metabolism based on frequency of intake, but its mechanisms in sarcopenia are unknown. We found that once-weekly intermittent prednisone rescued muscle quality in aged 24-month-old mice to levels comparable to young 4-month-old mice. We discovered an age- and sex-independent glucocorticoid receptor transactivation program in muscle encompassing PGC1alpha and its co-factor Lipin1. Treatment coordinately improved mitochondrial abundance through isoform 1 and muscle mass through isoform 4 of the myocyte-specific PGC1alpha, which was required for the treatment-driven increase in carbon shuttling from glucose oxidation to amino acid biogenesis. We also probed the myocyte-specific Lipin1 as non-redundant factor coaxing PGC1alpha upregulation to the stimulation of both oxidative and anabolic capacities. Our study unveils an aging-resistant druggable program in myocytes to coordinately rescue energy and mass in sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Daniel Prabakaran
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kevin McFarland
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Karen Miz
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hima Bindu Durumutla
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kevin Piczer
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Fadoua El Abdellaoui Soussi
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hannah Latimer
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cole Werbrich
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - N. Scott Blair
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Douglas P Millay
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Brian N Finck
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University in St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Dept. Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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7
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Abu Shelbayeh O, Arroum T, Morris S, Busch KB. PGC-1α Is a Master Regulator of Mitochondrial Lifecycle and ROS Stress Response. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051075. [PMID: 37237941 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a major role in ROS production and defense during their life cycle. The transcriptional activator PGC-1α is a key player in the homeostasis of energy metabolism and is therefore closely linked to mitochondrial function. PGC-1α responds to environmental and intracellular conditions and is regulated by SIRT1/3, TFAM, and AMPK, which are also important regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. In this review, we highlight the functions and regulatory mechanisms of PGC-1α within this framework, with a focus on its involvement in the mitochondrial lifecycle and ROS metabolism. As an example, we show the role of PGC-1α in ROS scavenging under inflammatory conditions. Interestingly, PGC-1α and the stress response factor NF-κB, which regulates the immune response, are reciprocally regulated. During inflammation, NF-κB reduces PGC-1α expression and activity. Low PGC-1α activity leads to the downregulation of antioxidant target genes resulting in oxidative stress. Additionally, low PGC-1α levels and concomitant oxidative stress promote NF-κB activity, which exacerbates the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Othman Abu Shelbayeh
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 5, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tasnim Arroum
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 5, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Silke Morris
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 5, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Karin B Busch
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 5, 48149 Münster, Germany
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8
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Neto IVDS, Pinto AP, Muñoz VR, de Cássia Marqueti R, Pauli JR, Ropelle ER, Silva ASRD. Pleiotropic and multi-systemic actions of physical exercise on PGC-1α signaling during the aging process. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101935. [PMID: 37062444 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Physical training is a potent therapeutic approach for improving mitochondrial health through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) signaling pathways. However, comprehensive information regarding the physical training impact on PGC-1α in the different physiological systems with advancing age is not fully understood. This review sheds light on the frontier-of-knowledge data regarding the chronic effects of exercise on the PGC-1α signaling pathways in rodents and humans. We address the molecular mechanisms involved in the different tissues, clarifying the precise biological action of PGC-1α, restricted to the aged cell type. Distinct exercise protocols (short and long-term) and modalities (aerobic and resistance exercise) increase the transcriptional and translational PGC-1α levels in adipose tissue, brain, heart, liver, and skeletal muscle in animal models, suggesting that this versatile molecule induces pleiotropic responses. However, PGC-1α function in some human tissues (adipose tissue, heart, and brain) remains challenging for further investigations. PGC-1α is not a simple transcriptional coactivator but supports a biochemical environment of mitochondrial dynamics, controlling physiological processes (primary metabolism, tissue remodeling, autophagy, inflammation, and redox balance). Acting as an adaptive mechanism, the long-term effects of PGC-1α following exercise may reflect the energy demand to coordinate multiple organs and contribute to cellular longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Pinto
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor Rosetto Muñoz
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Marqueti
- Molecular Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília (UNB), Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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9
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Benite-Ribeiro SA, Barbosa HC, Ramadan W, dos Santos JM. Exercise-mediated increase in PGC1α and MEF2 expression in type 2 diabetes mellitus. GENE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2023.101758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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10
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Protasoni M, Serrano M. Targeting Mitochondria to Control Ageing and Senescence. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020352. [PMID: 36839673 PMCID: PMC9960816 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is accompanied by a progressive impairment of cellular function and a systemic deterioration of tissues and organs, resulting in increased vulnerability to multiple diseases. Here, we review the interplay between two hallmarks of ageing, namely, mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence. The targeting of specific mitochondrial features in senescent cells has the potential of delaying or even reverting the ageing process. A deeper and more comprehensive understanding of mitochondrial biology in senescent cells is necessary to effectively face this challenge. Here, we discuss the main alterations in mitochondrial functions and structure in both ageing and cellular senescence, highlighting the differences and similarities between the two processes. Moreover, we describe the treatments available to target these pathways and speculate on possible future directions of anti-ageing and anti-senescence therapies targeting mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Protasoni
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Cambridge Institute of Science, Altos Labs, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GP, UK
- Correspondence:
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11
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Cai L, Shi L, Peng Z, Sun Y, Chen J. Ageing of skeletal muscle extracellular matrix and mitochondria: finding a potential link. Ann Med 2023; 55:2240707. [PMID: 37643318 PMCID: PMC10732198 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2240707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To discuss the progress of extracellular matrix (ECM) characteristics, mitochondrial homeostasis, and their potential crosstalk in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia, a geriatric syndrome characterized by a generalized and progressive reduction in muscle mass, strength, and physical performance.Methods: This review focuses on the anatomy and physiology of skeletal muscle, alterations of ECM and mitochondria during ageing, and the role of the interplay between ECM and mitochondria in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia.Results: Emerging evidence points to a clear interplay between mitochondria and ECM in various tissues and organs. Under the ageing process, the ECM undergoes changes in composition and physical properties that may mediate mitochondrial changes via the systematic metabolism, ROS, SPARC pathway, and AMPK/PGC-1α signalling, which in turn exacerbate muscle degeneration. However, the precise effects of such crosstalk on the pathobiology of ageing, particularly in skeletal muscle, have not yet been fully understood.Conclusion: The changes in skeletal muscle ECM and mitochondria are partially responsible for the worsened muscle function during the ageing process. A deeper understanding of their alterations and interactions in sarcopenic patients can help prevent sarcopenia and improve its prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubing Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luze Shi
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiwu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Khattri RB, Kim K, Anderson EM, Fazzone B, Harland KC, Hu Q, Palzkill VR, Cort TA, O'Malley KA, Berceli SA, Scali ST, Ryan TE. Metabolomic profiling reveals muscle metabolic changes following iliac arteriovenous fistula creation in mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F577-F589. [PMID: 36007889 PMCID: PMC9602894 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00156.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
End-stage kidney disease, the most advanced stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD), requires renal replacement therapy or kidney transplant to sustain life. To accomplish durable dialysis access, the creation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) has emerged as a preferred approach. Unfortunately, a significant proportion of patients that receive an AVF experience some form of hand dysfunction; however, the mechanisms underlying these side effects are not understood. In this study, we used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate the muscle metabolome following iliac AVF placement in mice with CKD. To induce CKD, C57BL6J mice were fed an adenine-supplemented diet for 3 wk and then randomized to receive AVF or sham surgery. Two weeks following surgery, the quadriceps muscles were rapidly dissected and snap frozen for metabolite extraction and subsequent nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Principal component analysis demonstrated clear separation between groups, confirming a unique metabolome in mice that received an AVF. AVF creation resulted in reduced levels of creatine, ATP, and AMP as well as increased levels of IMP and several tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites suggesting profound energetic stress. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses identified several metabolites that were strongly linked to measures of limb function (grip strength, gait speed, and mitochondrial respiration). In summary, AVF creation generates a unique metabolome profile in the distal skeletal muscle indicative of an energetic crisis and myosteatosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Creation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred approach for dialysis access, but some patients experience hand dysfunction after AVF creation. In this study, we provide a detailed metabolomic analysis of the limb muscle in a murine model of AVF. AVF creation resulted in metabolite changes associated with an energetic crisis and myosteatosis that associated with limb function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram B Khattri
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kyoungrae Kim
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Erik M Anderson
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Brian Fazzone
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kenneth C Harland
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Qiongyao Hu
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Victoria R Palzkill
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Tomas A Cort
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kerri A O'Malley
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Scott A Berceli
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Salvatore T Scali
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Terence E Ryan
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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13
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Barbosa H, Ramadan W, Matzenbacher dos Santos J, Benite-Ribeiro SA. Effects of Physical Exercise on Mitochondrial Biogenesis of Skeletal Muscle Modulated by Histones Modifications in Type 2 Diabetes. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modification in skeletal muscle induced by environmental factors seems to modulate several metabolic pathways that underlie Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) development. Mitochondrial biogenesis is an important process for maintaining lipid metabolism homeostasis, as well as epigenetic modifications in proteins that regulate this pathway have been observed in the skeletal muscle of T2DM subjects. Moreover, physical exercise affects several metabolic pathways attenuating metabolic deregulation observed in T2DM. The pathways that regulate mitochondrial homeostasis are one of the key components for understanding such physical exercise beneficial effects. Thus, in this study, we investigate the epigenetic mechanisms underlying mitochondrial biogenesis in the skeletal muscle in T2DM, focusing on histone modifications and the possible mechanisms by which physical exercise delay or inhibit T2DM onset. The results indicate that exercise promotes improvements in cellular metabolism through increasing enzymes of the antioxidant system, AMPK and ATP-citrate lyase activity, Acetyl-CoA concentration, and enhancing the acetylation of histones. A key mediator of mitochondrial biogenesis such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC1) seems to be upregulated by exercise in T2DM and such factor positively regulates the skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, which improves energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis inhibiting or delaying insulin resistance and further T2DM.
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14
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Swaminathan A, Cesanelli L, Venckunas T, Degens H. Impact of methionine restriction on muscle aerobic metabolism and hypertrophy in young and old mice on an obesogenic diet. Growth Factors 2022; 40:108-118. [PMID: 35658773 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2022.2083963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Methionine restriction (MR) reduces inflammation and increases longevity. We studied the effects of MR (0.17% kCal methionine, 10% kCal fat) and MR + high-fat diet (HFD) (0.17% methionine, 45% kCal fat) and overload-induced hypertrophy on inflammation, angiogenesis and mitochondrial activity in the hind-limb muscle in 10- and 26-month-old male C57BL/6J mice. Plasma IL-6 concentrations were higher in old compared to young mice. M. plantaris hypertrophy was accompanied by increased p-Akt, without a significant change in Akt and VEGF levels. In young mice on a HFD or MR + HFD diet the SDH activity was higher than in those from mice on other diets, irrespective of overload. There were no significant differences in total NAD concentration in the m. gastrocnemius. MR enhanced the skeletal muscle hypertrophic response in old age that was accompanied with an increase in p-Akt without significant changes in muscle oxidative capacity, low-grade systemic inflammation, NAD, VEGF or Akt levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandini Swaminathan
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Leonardo Cesanelli
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Venckunas
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Hans Degens
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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15
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Oehler D, Spychala A, Gödecke A, Lang A, Gerdes N, Ruas J, Kelm M, Szendroedi J, Westenfeld R. Full-length transcriptomic analysis in murine and human heart reveals diversity of PGC-1α promoters and isoforms regulated distinctly in myocardial ischemia and obesity. BMC Biol 2022; 20:169. [PMID: 35907957 PMCID: PMC9338484 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) acts as a transcriptional coactivator and regulates mitochondrial function. Various isoforms are generated by alternative splicing and differentially regulated promoters. In the heart, total PGC-1α deficiency knockout leads to dilatative cardiomyopathy, but knowledge on the complexity of cardiac isoform expression of PGC-1α remains sparse. Thus, this study aims to generate a reliable dataset on cardiac isoform expression pattern by long-read mRNA sequencing, followed by investigation of differential regulation of PGC-1α isoforms under metabolic and ischemic stress, using high-fat-high-sucrose-diet-induced obesity and a murine model of myocardial infarction. RESULTS Murine (C57Bl/6J) or human heart tissue (obtained during LVAD-surgery) was used for long-read mRNA sequencing, resulting in full-length transcriptomes including 58,000 mRNA isoforms with 99% sequence accuracy. Automatic bioinformatic analysis as well as manual similarity search against exonic sequences leads to identification of putative coding PGC-1α isoforms, validated by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Thereby, 12 novel transcripts generated by hitherto unknown splicing events were detected. In addition, we postulate a novel promoter with homologous and strongly conserved sequence in human heart. High-fat diet as well as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury transiently reduced cardiac expression of PGC-1α isoforms, with the most pronounced effect in the infarcted area. Recovery of PGC-1α-isoform expression was even more decelerated when I/R was performed in diet-induced obese mice. CONCLUSIONS We deciphered for the first time a complete full-length transcriptome of the murine and human heart, identifying novel putative PGC-1α coding transcripts including a novel promoter. These transcripts are differentially regulated in I/R and obesity suggesting transcriptional regulation and alternative splicing that may modulate PGC-1α function in the injured and metabolically challenged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oehler
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - André Spychala
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Gerdes
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jorge Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Internal Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Westenfeld
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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16
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Ławniczak A, Wrońska A, Wierzbicki P, Kmieć Z. Aging and short-term calorie restriction differently affect the cardiac and skeletal muscle expression of genes regulating energy substrate utilization in male rats. Biogerontology 2022; 23:325-340. [PMID: 35606458 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Aging affects the energy metabolism differently in the cardiac and skeletal muscles. The study aim was to assess the effects of short-term calorie restriction (SCR) and refeeding on the expression of genes involved in the control of cardiac and skeletal muscle energy metabolism in old vs. young male rats. Young (4 mo) and old (24 mo) rats were subjected to 60% SCR for 30 days, and refed ad libitum for 2 or 4 days. In the cardiac (CM) and skeletal muscles (SM) we compared the gene expression (qPCR) of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (Cpt-I), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (Ppar-β/δ), glucose transporter 4 (Glut4), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (Pgc-1α), and sirtuin 3 (Sirt3). In CM, aging increased Cpt-I expression but did not affect the other genes. In SM, Cpt-I, Glut4, Pgc-1α, and Sirt3 mRNA levels were lower in old than young rats. In CM of only young rats SCR increased Cpt-I expression which remained elevated after refeeding. Upon SCR, the expression of Ppar-β/δ, Glut4, Pgc-1α, and Sirt3 in CM increased in young but not old rats, and refeeding re-established control levels. In SM of young rats SCR increased Ppar-β/δ and Pgc-1α, and decreased Sirt3 expression, whereas refeeding generally decreased these mRNA levels. In SM of old rats SCR decreased only Pgc-1α expression. The adaptive response to SCR and subsequent refeeding is muscle tissue-specific and differs in young and old male rats. SCR appears to increase the efficiency of glucose and fatty acid utilization in the cardiac muscle of young, but not old male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Ławniczak
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agata Wrońska
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Piotr Wierzbicki
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kmieć
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
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17
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Laurin KM, Coutu-Beaudry K, Salazar A, Méribout N, Audet-Walsh É, Gravel SP. Low expression of PGC-1β and other mitochondrial biogenesis modulators in melanoma is associated with growth arrest and the induction of an immunosuppressive gene expression program dependent on MEK and IRF-1. Cancer Lett 2022; 541:215738. [PMID: 35594996 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are specialized metabolic and immune organelles that have important roles in tumor progression, metastasis, and response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Mitochondrial biogenesis and function are under the control of the peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PGC-1) transcriptional coactivators. Recent research unveiled the role of PGC-1α in bolstering mitochondrial oxidative functions and in the suppression of metastasis in melanoma, but the role of PGC-1s in tumor immunology remains elusive. Herein, we show that low PGC-1s expression in human melanoma tumors is associated with increased expression of a repertoire of immunosuppressive (CD73, PD-L2, Galectin-9) and pro-inflammatory (IL-8, TNF, IL-1β) transcripts, and that experimental depletion of PGC-1β recapitulates this signature in human melanoma cell lines. The depletion of PGC-1β reduces the expression of HSPA9, impairs mitochondrial activity, and leads to cell cycle arrest. Using pharmacological and gene silencing approaches, we further show that MEK1/2 and IRF-1 mediate the observed immune transcriptional response. Overall, this research suggests that mitochondrial biogenesis modulators can modulate tumor progression, immune evasion, and response to therapeutics through transcriptional control of immune pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl M Laurin
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Nour Méribout
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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18
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Wu X, Liu X, Yang L, Wang Y. Berberine Protects against Neurological Impairments and Blood-Brain Barrier Injury in Mouse Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neuroimmunomodulation 2022; 29:317-326. [PMID: 34942622 DOI: 10.1159/000520747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α) signaling can suppress intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced neurological impairments. As an isoquinoline alkaloid, Berberine exerts neuroprotective effects in neurological disease models with activated AMPK/PGC1α signaling. AIM We aim to study the effect of Berberine on ICH-induced brain injury and explore the potential molecular mechanism. METHODS ICH model was established in mice through intracerebral injection of autologous whole blood, followed by treatment with Berberine. Neurological impairments were assessed by the modified neurological severity score and behavioral assays. Brain edema and blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity were assessed by water content in the brain, amount of extravasated Evans blue, and BBB tight junction components. Neuroinflammatory responses were assessed by inflammatory cytokine levels. AMPK/PGC1α signaling was examined by AMPK mRNA expression and phosphorylated AMPK and PGC1α protein levels. RESULTS Berberine (200 mg/kg) attenuated ICH-induced neurological deficits, motor and cognitive impairment, and BBB disruption. Berberine also suppressed ICH-induced inflammatory responses indicated by reduced production of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, Berberine drastically elevated AMPK/PGC1α signaling in the hemisphere of ICH mice. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that Berberine plays an important neuroprotective role against ICH-induced neurological impairments and BBB injury, probably by inhibition of inflammation and activation of AMPK/PGC1α signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwen Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuanyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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19
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Xirouchaki CE, Jia Y, McGrath MJ, Greatorex S, Tran M, Merry TL, Hong D, Eramo MJ, Broome SC, Woodhead JST, D’souza RF, Gallagher J, Salimova E, Huang C, Schittenhelm RB, Sadoshima J, Watt MJ, Mitchell CA, Tiganis T. Skeletal muscle NOX4 is required for adaptive responses that prevent insulin resistance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabl4988. [PMID: 34910515 PMCID: PMC8673768 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl4988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during exercise are considered integral for the health-promoting effects of exercise. However, the precise mechanisms by which exercise and ROS promote metabolic health remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that skeletal muscle NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), which is induced after exercise, facilitates ROS-mediated adaptive responses that promote muscle function, maintain redox balance, and prevent the development of insulin resistance. Conversely, reductions in skeletal muscle NOX4 in aging and obesity contribute to the development of insulin resistance. NOX4 deletion in skeletal muscle compromised exercise capacity and antioxidant defense and promoted oxidative stress and insulin resistance in aging and obesity. The abrogated adaptive mechanisms, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance could be corrected by deleting the H2O2-detoxifying enzyme GPX-1 or by treating mice with an agonist of NFE2L2, the master regulator of antioxidant defense. These findings causally link NOX4-derived ROS in skeletal muscle with adaptive responses that promote muscle function and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysovalantou E. Xirouchaki
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Yaoyao Jia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Meagan J. McGrath
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Spencer Greatorex
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Melanie Tran
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Troy L. Merry
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and
Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dawn Hong
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Eramo
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Sophie C. Broome
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and
Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan S. T. Woodhead
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and
Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Randall F. D’souza
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and
Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Gallagher
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ekaterina Salimova
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University,
Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Cheng Huang
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ralf B. Schittenhelm
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine,
Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
07103, USA
| | - Matthew J. Watt
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton,
Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Christina A. Mitchell
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Tony Tiganis
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Monash Metabolic Phenotyping Facility, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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20
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Rodriguez-Cuenca S, Lelliot CJ, Campbell M, Peddinti G, Martinez-Uña M, Ingvorsen C, Dias AR, Relat J, Mora S, Hyötyläinen T, Zorzano A, Orešič M, Bjursell M, Bohlooly-Y M, Lindén D, Vidal-Puig A. Allostatic hypermetabolic response in PGC1α/β heterozygote mouse despite mitochondrial defects. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21752. [PMID: 34369602 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100262rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging, obesity, and insulin resistance are associated with low levels of PGC1α and PGC1β coactivators and defective mitochondrial function. We studied mice deficient for PGC1α and PGC1β [double heterozygous (DH)] to investigate their combined pathogenic contribution. Contrary to our hypothesis, DH mice were leaner, had increased energy dissipation, a pro-thermogenic profile in BAT and WAT, and improved carbohydrate metabolism compared to wild types. WAT showed upregulation of mitochondriogenesis/oxphos machinery upon allelic compensation of PGC1α4 from the remaining allele. However, DH mice had decreased mitochondrial OXPHOS and biogenesis transcriptomes in mitochondria-rich organs. Despite being metabolically healthy, mitochondrial defects in DH mice impaired muscle fiber remodeling and caused qualitative changes in the hepatic lipidome. Our data evidence first the existence of organ-specific compensatory allostatic mechanisms are robust enough to drive an unexpected phenotype. Second, optimization of adipose tissue bioenergetics is sufficient to maintain a healthy metabolic phenotype despite a broad severe mitochondrial dysfunction in other relevant metabolic organs. Third, the decrease in PGC1s in adipose tissue of obese and diabetic patients is in contrast with the robustness of the compensatory upregulation in the adipose of the DH mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark Campbell
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gopal Peddinti
- VTT, Technical Research Center of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Maite Martinez-Uña
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Camilla Ingvorsen
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Rita Dias
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joana Relat
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona (UB), Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Mora
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Dept. Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matej Orešič
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikael Bjursell
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Daniel Lindén
- Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
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21
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Zhang RN, Shen F, Pan Q, Cao HX, Chen GY, Fan JG. PPARGC1A rs8192678 G>A polymorphism affects the severity of hepatic histological features and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:3863-3876. [PMID: 34321850 PMCID: PMC8291025 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i25.3863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between PPARGC1A rs8192678 and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) requires further confirmation. In addition, it is still unknown whether PPARGC1A rs8192678 is associated with hepatic histological features in NAFLD in the Chinese population.
AIM To investigate the interaction between PPARGC1A rs8192678 and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and whether this polymorphism is associated with hepatic histological features.
METHODS Fifty-nine patients with liver biopsy-proven NAFLD and 93 healthy controls were recruited to a cohort representing the Chinese Han population. The SAF (steatosis, activity, and fibrosis) scoring system was used for hepatic histopathological evaluation. The polymorphisms of PPARGC1A rs8192678 and patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 were genotyped. The intrahepatic mRNA expression of PPARGC1A was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS Thirty-seven patients with NAFLD had NASH, of which 12 were nonobese. The PPARGC1A rs8192678 risk A allele (carrying GA and AA genotypes) had the lowest P value in the dominant model; the odds ratio (OR) for NAFLD was 2.321 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.121-4.806]. After adjusting for age, sex, and the PNPLA3 rs738409 risk G allele, the PPARGC1A rs8192678 A allele was a risk factor for NAFLD (OR 2.202, 95%CI: 1.030-4.705, P = 0.042). The genetic analysis showed that patients with NAFLD, moderate-to-severe steatosis (S2-3), and Activity 2-4 (A ≥ 2) were more likely to carry A in PPARGC1A rs8192678 (OR 5.000, 95%CI: 1.343-18.620, P = 0.012; and OR 4.071, 95%CI: 1.076-15.402, P = 0.031). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PPARGC1A rs8192678 risk A allele was also independently associated with S2-3, A ≥ 2, and NASH (OR 6.190, 95%CI: 1.508-25.410, P = 0.011; OR 4.506, 95%CI 1.070-18.978, P = 0.040; and OR 6.337, 95%CI: 1.135-35.392, P = 0.035, respectively) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and PNPLA3 rs738409 risk G allele. The results also showed that this polymorphism was associated with nonobese NASH (OR 22.000, 95%CI: 1.540-314.292, P = 0.021). The intrahepatic expression of PPARGC1A mRNA was significantly lower in the group of patients who carried the risk A allele (P = 0.014).
CONCLUSION The PPARGC1A rs8192678 risk A allele is associated with NAFLD, and with S2-3, A ≥ 2 and NASH in NAFLD patients, independent of PNPLA3 rs738409, and may be associated with nonobese NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Nan Zhang
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Feng Shen
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qin Pan
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hai-Xia Cao
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guang-Yu Chen
- Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jian-Gao Fan
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China
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22
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Ahn J, Son HJ, Seo HD, Ha TY, Ahn J, Lee H, Shin SH, Jung CH, Jang YJ. γ-Oryzanol Improves Exercise Endurance and Muscle Strength by Upregulating PPARδ and ERRγ Activity in Aged Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000652. [PMID: 33932312 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE γ-Oryzanol, a well-known antioxidant, has been used by body builders and athletes to boost strength and increase muscle gain, without major side effects. However, the effect of γ-Oryzanol on sarcopenia and the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. RESULTS Aged mice fed with the γ-Oryzanol diet do not show significant changes in muscle weight, but show increased running endurance as well as improved grip strength. The expression and activity of PPARδ and ERRγ are increased in skeletal muscle of γ-Oryzanol supplemented mice. γ-Oryzanol upregulates oxidative muscle fibers by MEF2 transcription factor, and PGC-1α and ERRα expressions. Fatty acid oxidation related genes and mitochondria biogenesis are upregulated by γ-Oryzanol. In addition, γ-Oryzanol inhibits TGF-β-Smad-NADPH oxidase 4 pathway and inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and p65 NF-κB subunit, which cause skeletal muscle weakness. Collectively, γ-Oryzanol attenuates muscle weakness pathway and increases oxidative capacity by increasing PPARδ and ERRγ activity, which contributes to enhance strength and improve oxidative capacity in muscles, consequently enhancing exercise capacity in aged mice. Particularly, γ-Oryzanol directly binds to PPARδ. CONCLUSIONS These are the first findings showing that γ-Oryzanol enhances skeletal muscle function in aged mice by regulating PPARδ and ERRγ activity without muscle gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisong Ahn
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Son
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Deok Seo
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Lee
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Jang
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
- Major of Food Science & Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
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Chen HJ, Pan XX, Ding LLQ, Ruan CC, Gao PJ. Cardiac Fibroblast-Specific Knockout of PGC-1α Accelerates AngII-Induced Cardiac Remodeling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:664626. [PMID: 34222364 PMCID: PMC8242582 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.664626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling consisted of ventricular hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis is the pathological process of many heart diseases. Fibroblasts as one of the major cells in the myocardium regulate the balance of the generation and degeneration of collagen, and these cells transform toward myofibroblasts in pathological state, contributing to the remodeling of the heart. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is vital to the function of mitochondria, which contributes to the energy production and reactive oxidative species (ROS)-scavenging activity in the heart. In this study, we found that fibroblast-specific PGC-1α KO induced cardiac remodeling especially fibrosis, and Angiotensin II (AngII) aggravated cardiac fibrosis, accompanied with a high level of oxidative stress response and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Li-Qiang Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Chao Ruan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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24
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Obesity and aging: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 67:101268. [PMID: 33556548 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The epidemic of obesity is a major challenge for health policymakers due to its far-reaching effects on population health and potentially overwhelming financial burden on healthcare systems. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing acute and chronic diseases, including hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Interestingly, the metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity is similar to that observed in normal aging, and substantial evidence suggests the potential of obesity to accelerate aging. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of fat tissue dysfunction in obesity could provide insights into the processes that contribute to the metabolic dysfunction associated with the aging process. Here, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying both obesity and aging, and how obesity and aging can predispose individuals to chronic health complications. The potential of lifestyle and pharmacological interventions to counter obesity and obesity-related pathologies, as well as aging, is also addressed.
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25
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Karlsson L, González-Alvarado MN, Motalleb R, Wang Y, Wang Y, Börjesson M, Zhu C, Kuhn HG. Constitutive PGC-1α Overexpression in Skeletal Muscle Does Not Contribute to Exercise-Induced Neurogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:1465-1481. [PMID: 33200398 PMCID: PMC7932943 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02189-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise can improve age-dependent decline in cognition, which in rodent is partly mediated by restoration of an age-dependent decline in neurogenesis. Exercise-inducible myokines in the circulation present a link in muscle-brain crosstalk. The transcription factor PGC-1α regulates the release of such myokines with neurotrophic properties into the circulation. We study how chronic muscular overexpression of PGC-1α could contribute to exercise-induced effects on hippocampal neurogenesis and if this effect could be enhanced in a running wheel paradigm. We used 3- and 11-month-old transgenic mice with overexpression of PGC-1α under the control of muscle creatinine kinase promoter (MCK-PGC-1α), which have a constitutively developed endurance muscle phenotype. Wild-type and MCK-PGC-1α mice were single housed with free access to running wheels. Four weeks of running in female animals increased the levels of newborn cells, immature neurons, and, for young animals, new mature neurons, compared to sedentary controls. However, no difference in these parameters was observed between wild-type and transgenic mice under sedentary or running conditions. Multiplex analysis of serum cytokines, chemokines, and myokines suggested several differences in serum protein concentrations between genotypes with musclin found to be significantly upregulated 4-fold in male MCK-PGC-1α animals. We conclude that constitutive muscular overexpression of PGC-1α, despite systemic changes and difference in serum composition, does not translate into exercise-induced effects on hippocampal neurogenesis, independent of the age of the animal. This suggests that chronic activation of PGC-1α in skeletal muscle is by itself not sufficient to mimic exercise-induced effects or to prevent decline of neurogenesis in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Karlsson
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region of Western Sweden, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - María Nazareth González-Alvarado
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Reza Motalleb
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy and Center for Health and Performance, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Region of Western Sweden, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hans-Georg Kuhn
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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26
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Petrocelli JJ, Drummond MJ. PGC-1α-Targeted Therapeutic Approaches to Enhance Muscle Recovery in Aging. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228650. [PMID: 33233350 PMCID: PMC7700690 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Impaired muscle recovery (size and strength) following a disuse period commonly occurs in older adults. Many of these individuals are not able to adequately exercise due to pain and logistic barriers. Thus, nutritional and pharmacological therapeutics, that are translatable, are needed to promote muscle recovery following disuse in older individuals. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) may be a suitable therapeutic target due to pleiotropic regulation of skeletal muscle. This review focuses on nutritional and pharmacological interventions that target PGC-1α and related Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPKα) signaling in muscle and thus may be rapidly translated to prevent muscle disuse atrophy and promote recovery. In this review, we present several therapeutics that target PGC-1α in skeletal muscle such as leucine, β-hydroxy-β-methylbuyrate (HMB), arginine, resveratrol, metformin and combination therapies that may have future application to conditions of disuse and recovery in humans.
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27
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Kim H, Cho SC, Jeong HJ, Lee HY, Jeong MH, Pyun JH, Ryu D, Kim M, Lee YS, Kim MS, Park SC, Lee YI, Kang JS. Indoprofen prevents muscle wasting in aged mice through activation of PDK1/AKT pathway. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:1070-1088. [PMID: 32096917 PMCID: PMC7432593 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle wasting, resulting from aging or pathological conditions, leads to reduced quality of life, increased morbidity, and increased mortality. Much research effort has been focused on the development of exercise mimetics to prevent muscle atrophy and weakness. In this study, we identified indoprofen from a screen for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator α (PGC-1α) inducers and report its potential as a drug for muscle wasting. METHODS The effects of indoprofen treatment on dexamethasone-induced atrophy in mice and in 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1)-deleted C2C12 myotubes were evaluated by immunoblotting to determine the expression levels of myosin heavy chain and anabolic-related and oxidative metabolism-related proteins. Young, old, and disuse-induced muscle atrophic mice were administered indoprofen (2 mg/kg body weight) by gavage. Body weight, muscle weight, grip strength, isometric force, and muscle histology were assessed. The expression levels of muscle mass-related and function-related proteins were analysed by immunoblotting or immunostaining. RESULTS In young (3-month-old) and aged (22-month-old) mice, indoprofen treatment activated oxidative metabolism-related enzymes and led to increased muscle mass. Mechanistic analysis using animal models and muscle cells revealed that indoprofen treatment induced the sequential activation of AKT/p70S6 kinase (S6K) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which in turn can augment protein synthesis and PGC-1α induction, respectively. Structural prediction analysis identified PDK1 as a target of indoprofen and, indeed, short-term treatment with indoprofen activated the PDK1/AKT/S6K pathway in muscle cells. Consistent with this finding, PDK1 inhibition abrogated indoprofen-induced AKT/S6K activation and hypertrophic response. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the effects of indoprofen in boosting skeletal muscle mass through the sequential activation of PDK1/AKT/S6K and AMPK/PGC-1α. Taken together, our results suggest that indoprofen represents a potential drug to prevent muscle wasting and weakness related to aging or muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyebeen Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sung Chun Cho
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ju Jeong
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Myong-Ho Jeong
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Pyun
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - MinSeok Kim
- School of Undergraduate Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Minseok S Kim
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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Halling JF, Pilegaard H. PGC-1α-mediated regulation of mitochondrial function and physiological implications. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:927-936. [PMID: 32516539 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The majority of human energy metabolism occurs in skeletal muscle mitochondria emphasizing the importance of understanding the regulation of myocellular mitochondrial function. The transcriptional co-activator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) has been characterized as a major factor in the transcriptional control of several mitochondrial components. Thus, PGC-1α is often described as a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis as well as a central player in regulating the antioxidant defense. However, accumulating evidence suggests that PGC-1α is also involved in the complex regulation of mitochondrial quality beyond biogenesis, which includes mitochondrial network dynamics and autophagic removal of damaged mitochondria. In addition, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production has been suggested to regulate skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, which may also be influenced by PGC-1α. This review aims to highlight the current evidence for PGC-1α-mediated regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function beyond the effects on mitochondrial biogenesis as well as the potential PGC-1α-related impact on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Novelty PGC-1α regulates mitochondrial biogenesis but also has effects on mitochondrial functions beyond biogenesis. Mitochondrial quality control mechanisms, including fission, fusion, and mitophagy, are regulated by PGC-1α. PGC-1α-mediated regulation of mitochondrial quality may affect age-related mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Frey Halling
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henriette Pilegaard
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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29
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PGC-1 α, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress: An Integrative View in Metabolism. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1452696. [PMID: 32215168 PMCID: PMC7085407 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1452696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator (PGC)-1α is a transcriptional coactivator described as a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, including oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species detoxification. PGC-1α is highly expressed in tissues with high energy demands, and it is clearly associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and its principal complications including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and hepatic steatosis. We herein review the molecular pathways regulated by PGC-1α, which connect oxidative stress and mitochondrial metabolism with inflammatory response and metabolic syndrome. PGC-1α regulates the expression of mitochondrial antioxidant genes, including manganese superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxiredoxin 3 and 5, uncoupling protein 2, thioredoxin 2, and thioredoxin reductase and thus prevents oxidative injury and mitochondrial dysfunction. Dysregulation of PGC-1α alters redox homeostasis in cells and exacerbates inflammatory response, which is commonly accompanied by metabolic disturbances. During inflammation, low levels of PGC-1α downregulate mitochondrial antioxidant gene expression, induce oxidative stress, and promote nuclear factor kappa B activation. In metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by a chronic low grade of inflammation, PGC-1α dysregulation modifies the metabolic properties of tissues by altering mitochondrial function and promoting reactive oxygen species accumulation. In conclusion, PGC-1α acts as an essential node connecting metabolic regulation, redox control, and inflammatory pathways, and it is an interesting therapeutic target that may have significant benefits for a number of metabolic diseases.
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30
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Wyckelsma VL, Lindkvist W, Venckunas T, Brazaitis M, Kamandulis S, Pääsuke M, Ereline J, Westerblad H, Andersson DC. Kynurenine aminotransferase isoforms display fiber-type specific expression in young and old human skeletal muscle. Exp Gerontol 2020; 134:110880. [PMID: 32068089 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Conversion of kynurenine (KYN) to kynurenic acid (KYNA) is the main pathway for free tryptophan degradation in skeletal muscle and has emerged as an important mechanism of how exercise is linked to promotion of mental health. Metabolism of KYN to KYNA mainly depends on the expression of kynurenine aminotransferases (KATs) that is under control of the mitochondria biogenesis regulator PGC-1α. We therefore hypothesized that expression of KATs would vary between muscle fibers that differ in mitochondrial content, i.e. oxidative type I vs more glycolytic type II muscle fibers. Moreover, we tested the hypothesis that KAT expression differs with age. Single muscle fibers were isolated from biopsies taken from the vastus lateralis muscle in young and old healthy subjects. In young and old subjects the abundance of KAT I, KAT III and KAT IV was greater in Type I than Type II fibers without age-dependent difference in the KAT isoform expressions. The link to mitochondrial content was further seen as the expression of KAT IV correlated to mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase IV (COX IV) abundance in both fiber types. In conclusion, we describe for the first time the expression pattern of KAT isoforms with respect to specific fiber types and age in human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Wyckelsma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - W Lindkvist
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Venckunas
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - M Brazaitis
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - S Kamandulis
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - M Pääsuke
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - J Ereline
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - H Westerblad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - D C Andersson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Heart, Vascular and Neurology Theme, Section for Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Theeuwes WF, Gosker HR, Schols AMWJ, Langen RCJ, Remels AHV. Regulation of PGC-1α expression by a GSK-3β-TFEB signaling axis in skeletal muscle. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118610. [PMID: 31738957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In muscle cells, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1 (PGC-1) signaling network, which has been shown to be disturbed in the skeletal muscle in several chronic diseases, tightly controls mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative substrate metabolism. Previously, we showed that inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β potently increased Pgc-1α abundance and oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle cells. The current study aims to unravel the molecular mechanism driving the increase in Pgc-1α mediated by GSK-3β inactivation. METHODS GSK-3β was inactivated genetically or pharmacologically in C2C12 myotubes and the requirement of transcription factors known to be involved in Pgc-1α transcription for increases in Pgc-1α abundance mediated by inactivation of GSK-3β was examined. RESULTS Enhanced PGC-1α promoter activation after GSK-3β inhibition suggested a transcriptionally-controlled mechanism. While myocyte enhancer factor (MEF)2 transcriptional activity was unaltered, GSK-3β inactivation increased the abundance and activity of the transcription factors estrogen-related receptor (ERR)α and ERRγ. Pharmacological inhibition or knock-down of ERRα and ERRγ however failed to prevent increases in Pgc-1α mRNA mediated by GSK-3β inactivation. Interestingly, GSK-3β inactivation activated transcription factor EB (TFEB), evidenced by decreased phosphorylation and enhanced nuclear localization of the TFEB protein. Moreover, knock-down of TFEB completely prevented increases in Pgc-1α gene expression, PGC-1α promoter activity and PGC-1α protein abundance induced by GSK-3β inactivation. Furthermore, mutation of a specific TFEB binding site on the PGC-1α promoter blocked promoter activation upon inhibition of GSK-3β. CONCLUSIONS In skeletal muscle, GSK-3β inactivation causes dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of TFEB resulting in TFEB-dependent induction of Pgc-1α expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Theeuwes
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - H R Gosker
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - A M W J Schols
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R C J Langen
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - A H V Remels
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Léveillé M, Besse-Patin A, Jouvet N, Gunes A, Sczelecki S, Jeromson S, Khan NP, Baldwin C, Dumouchel A, Correia JC, Jannig PR, Boulais J, Ruas JL, Estall JL. PGC-1α isoforms coordinate to balance hepatic metabolism and apoptosis in inflammatory environments. Mol Metab 2020; 34:72-84. [PMID: 32180561 PMCID: PMC7011010 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The liver is regularly exposed to changing metabolic and inflammatory environments. It must sense and adapt to metabolic need while balancing resources required to protect itself from insult. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator expressed as multiple, alternatively spliced variants transcribed from different promoters that coordinate metabolic adaptation and protect against inflammation. It is not known how PGC-1α integrates extracellular signals to balance metabolic and anti-inflammatory outcomes. Methods Primary mouse hepatocytes were used to evaluate the role(s) of different PGC-1α proteins in regulating hepatic metabolism and inflammatory signaling downstream of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Gene expression and signaling analysis were combined with biochemical measurement of apoptosis using gain- and loss-of-function in vitro and in vivo. Results Hepatocytes expressed multiple isoforms of PGC-1α, including PGC-1α4, which microarray analysis showed had common and isoform-specific functions linked to metabolism and inflammation compared with canonical PGC-1α1. Whereas PGC-1α1 primarily impacted gene programs of nutrient metabolism and mitochondrial biology, TNFα signaling showed several pathways related to innate immunity and cell death downstream of PGC-1α4. Gain- and loss-of-function models illustrated that PGC-1α4 uniquely enhanced expression of anti-apoptotic gene programs and attenuated hepatocyte apoptosis in response to TNFα or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This was in contrast to PGC-1α1, which decreased the expression of a wide inflammatory gene network but did not prevent hepatocyte death in response to cytokines. Conclusions PGC-1α variants have distinct, yet complementary roles in hepatic responses to metabolism and inflammation, and we identify PGC-1α4 as an important mitigator of apoptosis. Multiple isoforms of PGC-1α are expressed in hepatocytes, including PGC-1α4. PGC-1α1 and PGC-1α4 share many metabolic targets, but PGC-1α4 has unique functions linked to hepatic inflammatory signalling. PGC-1α4 attenuates hepatocyte apoptosis in response to TNFα and LPS in vitro and in vivo. Inflammatory signaling influences PGC-1α4 localization in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Léveillé
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aurèle Besse-Patin
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Jouvet
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aysim Gunes
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah Sczelecki
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stewart Jeromson
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Naveen P Khan
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cindy Baldwin
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Annie Dumouchel
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jorge C Correia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Boulais
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Berlanga-Acosta JA, Guillén-Nieto GE, Rodríguez-Rodríguez N, Mendoza-Mari Y, Bringas-Vega ML, Berlanga-Saez JO, García del Barco Herrera D, Martinez-Jimenez I, Hernandez-Gutierrez S, Valdés-Sosa PA. Cellular Senescence as the Pathogenic Hub of Diabetes-Related Wound Chronicity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:573032. [PMID: 33042026 PMCID: PMC7525211 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.573032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is constantly increasing at a rate that outpaces genetic variation and approaches to pandemic magnitude. Skin cells physiology and the cutaneous healing response are progressively undermined in diabetes which predisposes to lower limb ulceration, recidivism, and subsequent lower extremities amputation as a frightened complication. The molecular operators whereby diabetes reduces tissues resilience and hampers the repair mechanisms remain elusive. We have accrued the notion that diabetic environment embraces preconditioning factors that definitively propel premature cellular senescence, and that ulcer cells senescence impair the healing response. Hyperglycemia/oxidative stress/mitochondrial and DNA damage may act as major drivers sculpturing the senescent phenotype. We review here historical and recent evidences that substantiate the hypothesis that diabetic foot ulcers healing trajectory, is definitively impinged by a self-expanding and self-perpetuative senescent cells society that drives wound chronicity. This society may be fostered by a diabetic archetypal secretome that induces replicative senescence in dermal fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes. Mesenchymal stem cells are also susceptible to major diabetic senescence drivers, which accounts for the inability of these cells to appropriately assist in diabetics wound healing. Thus, the use of autologous stem cells has not translated in significant clinical outcomes. Novel and multifaceted therapeutic approaches are required to pharmacologically mitigate the diabetic cellular senescence operators and reduce the secondary multi-organs complications. The senescent cells society and its adjunctive secretome could be an ideal local target to manipulate diabetic ulcers and prevent wound chronification and acute recidivism. This futuristic goal demands harnessing the diabetic wound chronicity epigenomic signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A. Berlanga-Acosta
- The Clinical Hospital Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Tissue Repair, Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Research Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Playa, Cuba
| | - Gerardo E. Guillén-Nieto
- The Clinical Hospital Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Tissue Repair, Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Research Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Playa, Cuba
| | - Nadia Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Tissue Repair, Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Research Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Playa, Cuba
| | - Yssel Mendoza-Mari
- Tissue Repair, Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Research Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Playa, Cuba
| | - Maria Luisa Bringas-Vega
- The Clinical Hospital Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Cuban Neurosciences Center, Playa, Cuba
| | - Jorge O. Berlanga-Saez
- Applied Mathematics Department, Institute of Mathematics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diana García del Barco Herrera
- Tissue Repair, Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Research Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Playa, Cuba
| | - Indira Martinez-Jimenez
- Tissue Repair, Wound Healing and Cytoprotection Research Group, Biomedical Research Direction, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Playa, Cuba
| | | | - Pedro A. Valdés-Sosa
- The Clinical Hospital Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Cuban Neurosciences Center, Playa, Cuba
- *Correspondence: Pedro A. Valdés-Sosa
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Ferreira DMS, Cheng AJ, Agudelo LZ, Cervenka I, Chaillou T, Correia JC, Porsmyr-Palmertz M, Izadi M, Hansson A, Martínez-Redondo V, Valente-Silva P, Pettersson-Klein AT, Estall JL, Robinson MM, Nair KS, Lanner JT, Ruas JL. LIM and cysteine-rich domains 1 (LMCD1) regulates skeletal muscle hypertrophy, calcium handling, and force. Skelet Muscle 2019; 9:26. [PMID: 31666122 PMCID: PMC6822430 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-019-0214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle mass and strength are crucial determinants of health. Muscle mass loss is associated with weakness, fatigue, and insulin resistance. In fact, it is predicted that controlling muscle atrophy can reduce morbidity and mortality associated with diseases such as cancer cachexia and sarcopenia. METHODS We analyzed gene expression data from muscle of mice or human patients with diverse muscle pathologies and identified LMCD1 as a gene strongly associated with skeletal muscle function. We transiently expressed or silenced LMCD1 in mouse gastrocnemius muscle or in mouse primary muscle cells and determined muscle/cell size, targeted gene expression, kinase activity with kinase arrays, protein immunoblotting, and protein synthesis levels. To evaluate force, calcium handling, and fatigue, we transduced the flexor digitorum brevis muscle with a LMCD1-expressing adenovirus and measured specific force and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release in individual fibers. Finally, to explore the relationship between LMCD1 and calcineurin, we ectopically expressed Lmcd1 in the gastrocnemius muscle and treated those mice with cyclosporine A (calcineurin inhibitor). In addition, we used a luciferase reporter construct containing the myoregulin gene promoter to confirm the role of a LMCD1-calcineurin-myoregulin axis in skeletal muscle mass control and calcium handling. RESULTS Here, we identify LIM and cysteine-rich domains 1 (LMCD1) as a positive regulator of muscle mass, that increases muscle protein synthesis and fiber size. LMCD1 expression in vivo was sufficient to increase specific force with lower requirement for calcium handling and to reduce muscle fatigue. Conversely, silencing LMCD1 expression impairs calcium handling and force, and induces muscle fatigue without overt atrophy. The actions of LMCD1 were dependent on calcineurin, as its inhibition using cyclosporine A reverted the observed hypertrophic phenotype. Finally, we determined that LMCD1 represses the expression of myoregulin, a known negative regulator of muscle performance. Interestingly, we observed that skeletal muscle LMCD1 expression is reduced in patients with skeletal muscle disease. CONCLUSIONS Our gain- and loss-of-function studies show that LMCD1 controls protein synthesis, muscle fiber size, specific force, Ca2+ handling, and fatigue resistance. This work uncovers a novel role for LMCD1 in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and function with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte M S Ferreira
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arthur J Cheng
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Present Address: Faculty of Health, York University, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leandro Z Agudelo
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Present Address: Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Chaillou
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jorge C Correia
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margareta Porsmyr-Palmertz
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manizheh Izadi
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Present Address: Karp Research Building, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alicia Hansson
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vicente Martínez-Redondo
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paula Valente-Silva
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amanda T Pettersson-Klein
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Division of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthew M Robinson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - K Sreekumaran Nair
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular & Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Léveillé M, Estall JL. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Transition from NASH to HCC. Metabolites 2019; 9:E233. [PMID: 31623280 PMCID: PMC6836234 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver constantly adapts to meet energy requirements of the whole body. Despite its remarkable adaptative capacity, prolonged exposure of liver cells to harmful environmental cues (such as diets rich in fat, sugar, and cholesterol) results in the development of chronic liver diseases (including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)) that can progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathogenesis of these diseases is extremely complex, multifactorial, and poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction or maladaptation contributes to detrimental effects on hepatocyte bioenergetics, reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and cell death leading to NASH and HCC. The present review highlights the potential contribution of altered mitochondria function to NASH-related HCC and discusses how agents targeting this organelle could provide interesting treatment strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Léveillé
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, QC H3G 2M1, Canada.
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, QC H3G 2M1, Canada.
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
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Lee G, Uddin MJ, Kim Y, Ko M, Yu I, Ha H. PGC-1α, a potential therapeutic target against kidney aging. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12994. [PMID: 31313501 PMCID: PMC6718532 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is defined as changes in an organism over time. The proportion of the aged population is markedly increasing worldwide. The kidney, as an essential organ with a high energy requirement, is one of the most susceptible organs to aging. It is involved in glucose metabolism via gluconeogenesis, glucose filtration and reabsorption, and glucose utilization. Proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) depend on lipid metabolism to meet the high demand for ATP. Recent studies have shown that aging‐related kidney dysfunction is highly associated with metabolic changes in the kidney. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator‐1 alpha (PGC‐1α), a transcriptional coactivator, plays a major role in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, peroxisomal biogenesis, and glucose and lipid metabolism. PGC‐1α is abundant in tissues, including kidney PTECs, which demand high energy. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the activation of PGC‐1α by genetic or pharmacological intervention prevents telomere shortening and aging‐related changes in the skeletal muscle, heart, and brain. The activation of PGC‐1α can also prevent kidney dysfunction in various kidney diseases. Therefore, a better understanding of the effect of PGC‐1α activation in various organs on aging and kidney diseases may unveil a potential therapeutic strategy against kidney aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayoung Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Yoojeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Minji Ko
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Inyoung Yu
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
| | - Hunjoo Ha
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
- College of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea
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Gill JF, Delezie J, Santos G, McGuirk S, Schnyder S, Frank S, Rausch M, St‐Pierre J, Handschin C. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α regulates mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, sarcoplasmic reticulum stress, and cell death to mitigate skeletal muscle aging. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12993. [PMID: 31290266 PMCID: PMC6718523 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related impairment of muscle function severely affects the health of an increasing elderly population. While causality and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, exercise is an efficient intervention to blunt these aging effects. We thus investigated the role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a potent regulator of mitochondrial function and exercise adaptation, in skeletal muscle during aging. We demonstrate that PGC-1α overexpression improves mitochondrial dynamics and calcium buffering in an estrogen-related receptor α-dependent manner. Moreover, we show that sarcoplasmic reticulum stress is attenuated by PGC-1α. As a result, PGC-1α prevents tubular aggregate formation and cell death pathway activation in old muscle. Similarly, the pro-apoptotic effects of ceramide and thapsigargin were blunted by PGC-1α in muscle cells. Accordingly, mice with muscle-specific gain-of-function and loss-of-function of PGC-1α exhibit a delayed and premature aging phenotype, respectively. Together, our data reveal a key protective effect of PGC-1α on muscle function and overall health span in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan F. Gill
- Biozentrum, Division of Pharmacology/Neurobiology University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Julien Delezie
- Biozentrum, Division of Pharmacology/Neurobiology University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Gesa Santos
- Biozentrum, Division of Pharmacology/Neurobiology University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Shawn McGuirk
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Svenia Schnyder
- Biozentrum, Division of Pharmacology/Neurobiology University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Stephan Frank
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Martin Rausch
- Biotherapeutic and Analytical Technologies Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR) Basel Switzerland
| | - Julie St‐Pierre
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Christoph Handschin
- Biozentrum, Division of Pharmacology/Neurobiology University of Basel Basel Switzerland
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Targeting Mitochondrial Defects to Increase Longevity in Animal Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1134:89-110. [PMID: 30919333 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12668-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bioenergetic homeostasis is a vital process maintaining cellular health and has primary importance in neuronal cells due to their high energy demand markedly at synapses. Mitochondria, the metabolic hubs of the cells, are the organelles responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP by using nutrients and oxygen. Defects in mitochondrial homeostasis result in energy deprivation and can lead to disrupted neuronal functions. Mitochondrial defects adversely contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondrial defects not only include reduced ATP levels but also increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to cellular damage. Here, we detail the mechanisms that lead to neuronal pathologies involving mitochondrial defects. Furthermore, we discuss how to target these mitochondrial defects in order to have beneficial effects as novel and complementary therapeutic avenues in neurodegenerative diseases. The critical evaluation of these strategies and their potential outcome can pave the way for finding novel therapies for neurodegenerative pathologies.
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Watanabe LP, Riddle NC. New opportunities: Drosophila as a model system for exercise research. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:482-490. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00394.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of the growing rates of obesity in much of the world, exercise as a treatment option for obesity and as part of a healthy lifestyle is of great interest to the general public, health policy makers, and scientists alike. Despite the long history of exercise promotion and exercise research, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of how exercise impacts individuals and what role genetics plays in determining an individual’s response to exercise. Model organisms are positioned uniquely to help address these questions because of the challenges associated with carrying out large-scale, well-controlled studies in humans. The fruit fly model system, Drosophila melanogaster, has joined the models used for exercise research only recently but already has made significant contributions to the field. In this review, we highlight the opportunities for exercise research in Drosophila. We review the resources available to researchers interested in using Drosophila for exercise research, focusing on the existing systems to induce exercise in Drosophila, to measure the amount of exercise performed, and to assess physical fitness. We illustrate the potential of the Drosophila system by drawing attention to pioneering studies in Drosophila exercise research and emphasize the unique opportunities this model system represents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis P. Watanabe
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Nicole C. Riddle
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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40
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Yuan D, Xiao D, Gao Q, Zeng L. PGC-1α activation: a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes? Eat Weight Disord 2019; 24:385-395. [PMID: 30498989 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-018-0622-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) has gained popularity as a very attractive target for diabetic therapies due to its role in lipid and glucose metabolism. Pharmacological activation of PGC-1α is thought to elicit health benefits. However, this notion has been questioned by increasing evidence, which suggests that insulin resistant is exacerbated when PGC-1α expression is far beyond normal physiological limits and is prevented under the condition of PGC-1α deficiency. This narrative review suggests that PGC-1α, as a master metabolic regulator, exerts roles in insulin sensitivity in a tissue-specific manner and in a physical activity/age-dependent fashion. When using PGC-1α as a target for therapeutic strategies against insulin resistance and T2DM, we should take these factors into consideration.Level of evidence: Level V, narrative review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daixiu Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, 41600, Hunan, China
| | - Dingfu Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liming Zeng
- Science College of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China.
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41
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Rosales MAB, Shu DY, Iacovelli J, Saint-Geniez M. Loss of PGC-1α in RPE induces mesenchymal transition and promotes retinal degeneration. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/3/e201800212. [PMID: 31101737 PMCID: PMC6526284 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained loss of PGC-1α in RPE cells triggers mitochondrial/autophagic dysfunction and oxidative damage resulting in epithelial dedifferentiation and mesenchymal transition. RPE dysfunction caused by deletion of the PGC-1 coactivators in vivo causes retinal degeneration. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) supports visual processing and photoreceptor homeostasis via energetically demanding cellular functions. Here, we describe the consequences of repressing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 α (PGC-1α), a master regulator of mitochondrial function and biogenesis, on RPE epithelial integrity. The sustained silencing of PGC-1α in differentiating human RPE cells affected mitochondria/autophagy function, redox state, and impaired energy sensor activity ultimately inducing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Adult conditional knockout of PGC-1 coactivators in mice resulted in rapid RPE dysfunction and transdifferentiation associated with severe photoreceptor degeneration. RPE anomalies were characteristic of autophagic defect and mesenchymal transition comparable with the ones observed in age-related macular degeneration. These findings demonstrate that PGC-1α is required to maintain the functional and phenotypic status of RPE by supporting the cells’ oxidative metabolism and autophagy-mediated repression of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Aparecida Brunini Rosales
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Daisy Y Shu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jared Iacovelli
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Magali Saint-Geniez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA .,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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42
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Li Q, Jia S, Xu L, Li B, Chen N. Metformin-induced autophagy and irisin improves INS-1 cell function and survival in high-glucose environment via AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1695-1703. [PMID: 31139382 PMCID: PMC6526663 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to explore the protective function of metformin on pancreatic β cells to alleviate insulin resistance and underlying mechanisms, INS-1 cells were cultured into normal control (N), high glucose (H), high glucose and metformin (H + Met), high glucose and chloroquine (H + CQ), and high glucose and Ex527 (H + Ex527) groups, respectively. Upon 24-hr cultivation, the proliferation and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of INS-1 cells were determined, and the expression of irisin and other proteins associated with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway, autophagy, and apoptosis was evaluated. Compared with the N group, the cells from the H group revealed lower proliferation, GSIS, and expression of irisin and proteins associated with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway and autophagy, but higher expression of proteins associated with apoptosis; in contrast, metformin could significantly rescue lower cell proliferation, GSIS, and expression of proteins associated with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway and autophagy, as well as irisin, and suppress apoptosis in high-glucose environment. Meanwhile, autophagy inhibitor CQ and SIRT1 inhibitor Ex527 can block above functions of metformin. Therefore, metformin can promote INS-1 cell proliferation, enhance GSIS, and suppress apoptosis by activating AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway, up-regulating irisin expression, and inducing autophagy in INS-1 cells in high-glucose environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxue Li
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health ScienceWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina
- School of Sports and HealthLinyi UniversityLinyiChina
| | - Shaohui Jia
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health ScienceWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lei Xu
- Graduate SchoolWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Biao Li
- Graduate SchoolWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ning Chen
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health ScienceWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina
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PGC1A regulates the IRS1:IRS2 ratio during fasting to influence hepatic metabolism downstream of insulin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:4285-4290. [PMID: 30770439 PMCID: PMC6410797 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1815150116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise modulation of hepatic glucose metabolism is crucial during the fasting and feeding cycle and is controlled by the actions of circulating insulin and glucagon. The insulin-signaling pathway requires insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and IRS2, which are found to be dysregulated in diabetes and obesity. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1A) is a fasting-induced transcriptional coactivator. In nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and in patients with type 2 diabetes, low hepatic PGC1A levels are associated with insulin resistance. However, how PGC1A activity impacts the hepatic insulin-signaling pathway is still unclear. We used gain- and loss-of-function models in mouse primary hepatocytes and measured hepatocyte insulin response by gene and protein expression and ex vivo glucose production. We found that the PGC1A level determines the relative ratio of IRS1 and IRS2 in hepatocytes, impacting insulin receptor signaling via protein kinase B/AKT (AKT). PGC1A drove the expression of IRS2 downstream of glucagon signaling while simultaneously reducing IRS1 expression. We illustrate that glucagon- or PGC1A-induced IRS2 expression was dependent on cAMP Response Element Binding Protein activity and that this was essential for suppression of hepatocyte gluconeogenesis in response to insulin in vitro. We also show that increased hepatic PGC1A improves glucose homeostasis in vivo, revealing a counterregulatory role for PGC1A in repressing uncontrolled glucose production in response to insulin signaling. These data highlight a mechanism by which PGC1A plays dual roles in the control of gluconeogenesis during the fasting-to-fed transition through regulated balance between IRS1 and IRS2 expression.
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44
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Association of PPARGC1A Gly428Ser (rs8192678) polymorphism with potential for athletic ability and sports performance: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0200967. [PMID: 30625151 PMCID: PMC6326506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetics plays a role in determining potential for athletic ability (AA) and sports performance (SP). In this study, AA involves comparing sedentary controls with competitive athletes in power and endurance activities as well as a mix between the two (SP). However, variable results from genetic association studies warrant a meta-analysis to obtain more precise estimates of the association between PPARGC1A Gly482Ser polymorphism and AA/SP. Methods Multi-database literature search yielded 14 articles (16 studies) for inclusion. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate associations. Summary effects were modified based on statistical power. Subgroup analysis was based on SP (power, endurance and mixed) and race (Caucasians and Asians). Heterogeneity was assessed with the I2 metric and its sources examined with outlier analysis which dichotomized our findings into pre- (PRO) and post-outlier (PSO). Results Gly allele effects significantly favoring AA/SP (OR > 1.0, P < 0.05) form the core of our findings in: (i) homogeneous overall effect at the post-modified, PSO level (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.25, P = 0.01, I2 = 0%); (ii) initially homogeneous power SP (ORs 1.22–1.25, 95% CI 1.05–1.44, P = 0.003–0.008, I2 = 0%) which precluded outlier treatment; (iii) PRO Caucasian outcomes (ORs 1.29–1.32, 95% CI 1.12–1.54, P = 0.0005) over that of Asians with a pooled null effect (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.72–1.99, P = 0.53–0.92) and (iv) homogeneous all > 80% (ORs 1.19–1.38, 95% CI 1.05–1.66, P = 0.0007–0.007, I2 = 0%) on account of high statistical power (both study-specific and combined). In contrast, none of the Ser allele effects significantly favored AA/SP and no Ser-Gly genotype outcome favored AA/SP. The core significant outcomes were robust and showed no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion Meta-analytical applications in this study generated evidence that show association between the Gly allele and AA/SP. These were observed in the overall, Caucasians and statistically powered comparisons which exhibited consistent significance, stability, robustness, precision and lack of bias. Our central findings rest on association of the Gly allele with endurance and power, differentially favoring the latter over the former.
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45
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Szeto HH, Liu S. Cardiolipin-targeted peptides rejuvenate mitochondrial function, remodel mitochondria, and promote tissue regeneration during aging. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 660:137-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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46
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Lin YC, Horng LY, Sung HC, Wu RT. Sodium Iodate Disrupted the Mitochondrial-Lysosomal Axis in Cultured Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2018; 34:500-511. [PMID: 30020815 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2017.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Low doses of sodium iodate (NaIO3) impair visual function in experimental animals with selective damage to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and serve as a useful model to study diseases caused by RPE degeneration. Mitochondrial dysfunction and defective autophagy have been suggested to play important roles in normal aging as well as many neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we examined whether NaIO3 treatment disrupted the mitochondrial-lysosomal axis in cultured RPE. METHODS The human RPE cell line, ARPE-19, was treated with low concentrations (≤500 μM) of NaIO3. The expression of proteins involved in the autophagic pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis was examined with Western blot. Intracellular acidic compartments and lipofuscinogenesis were evaluated by acridine orange staining and autofluorescence, respectively. Mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and mitochondrial function were quantified by MitoTracker Green staining, tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester staining, and the MTT assay, respectively. Phagocytosis and the degradation of photoreceptor outer segments (POS) were assessed by fluorescence-based approaches and Western blot against rhodopsin. RESULTS Treatment with low concentrations of NaIO3 decreased cellular acidity, blocked autophagic flux, and resulted in increased lipofuscinogenesis in ARPE-19 cells. Despite increases in protein levels of Sirtuin 1 and PGC-1α, mitochondrial function was compromised, and this decrease was attributed to disrupted MMP. POS phagocytic activities decreased by 60% in NaIO3-treated cells, and the degradation of ingested POS was also impaired. Pretreatment and cotreatment with rapamycin partially rescued NaIO3-induced RPE dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Low concentrations of NaIO3 disrupted the mitochondrial-lysosomal axis in RPE and led to impaired phagocytic activities and degradation capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Cheng Lin
- 1 Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .,2 Department of Ophthalmology, Yang-Ming branch, Taipei City Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Yea Horng
- 1 Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .,3 Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Sung
- 3 Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Tsun Wu
- 1 Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .,3 Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan .,4 Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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47
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Kärkkäinen O, Tuomainen T, Mutikainen M, Lehtonen M, Ruas JL, Hanhineva K, Tavi P. Heart specific PGC-1α deletion identifies metabolome of cardiac restricted metabolic heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 115:107-118. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Heart failure (HF) is associated with drastic changes in metabolism leading to a cardiac energy deficiency well as maladaptive changes in multiple other tissues. It is still unclear which of these changes originates from cardiomyocyte metabolic remodelling or whether they are induced secondarily by systemic factors. Our aim here was to induce cardiac restricted metabolic changes mimicking those seen in HF and to characterize the associated metabolite changes in the heart, circulation, and peripheral tissues.
Methods and results
We generated a cardiac specific PGC-1α knockout mice (KO) to specifically induce metabolic dysregulation typically accompanied by HF and performed a non-targeted LC-MS metabolite profiling analysis of heart, plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle to identify metabolites associated with cardiac specific metabolic remodelling. The KO animals developed a progressive cardiomyopathy with cardiac dilatation leading to fatal HF. At 17 weeks of age, when significant remodelling had occurred but before the onset of HF, isolated PGC-1α deficient cardiomyocytes had suppressed glucose and fatty acid oxidation as well as blunted anaerobic metabolism. KO hearts displayed a distinctive metabolite profile with 92 significantly altered molecular features including metabolite changes in energy metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, amino acids, and oxidative stress signalling. Some of the metabolite changes correlated with the specific parameters of cardiac function. We did not observe any significant alterations in the metabolomes of the other measured tissues or in plasma.
Conclusions
Heart specific PGC-1α KO induces metabolic, functional, and structural abnormalities leading to dilating cardiomyopathy and HF. The metabolic changes were limited to the cardiac tissue indicating that cardiomyocyte metabolic remodelling is not sufficient to evoke the body wide metabolic alterations usually associated with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli Kärkkäinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, Sweden
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Seneviratne A, Kreitzer G. Nuclear receptor modulation by kinesin. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:303-304. [PMID: 29613854 PMCID: PMC5892822 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.M.P.B. Seneviratne
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, The City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Geri Kreitzer
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, The City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
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Li C, White SH, Warren LK, Wohlgemuth SE. Skeletal muscle from aged American Quarter Horses shows impairments in mitochondrial biogenesis and expression of autophagy markers. Exp Gerontol 2018; 102:19-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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50
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Gill JF, Santos G, Schnyder S, Handschin C. PGC-1α affects aging-related changes in muscle and motor function by modulating specific exercise-mediated changes in old mice. Aging Cell 2018; 17. [PMID: 29067788 PMCID: PMC5770876 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The age-related impairment in muscle function results in a drastic decline in motor coordination and mobility in elderly individuals. Regular physical activity is the only efficient intervention to prevent and treat this age-associated degeneration. However, the mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic effect of exercise in this context remain unclear. We assessed whether endurance exercise training in old age is sufficient to affect muscle and motor function. Moreover, as muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a key regulatory hub in endurance exercise adaptation with decreased expression in old muscle, we studied the involvement of PGC-1α in the therapeutic effect of exercise in aging. Intriguingly, PGC-1α muscle-specific knockout and overexpression, respectively, precipitated and alleviated specific aspects of aging-related deterioration of muscle function in old mice, while other muscle dysfunctions remained unchanged upon PGC-1α modulation. Surprisingly, we discovered that muscle PGC-1α was not only involved in improving muscle endurance and mitochondrial remodeling, but also phenocopied endurance exercise training in advanced age by contributing to maintaining balance and motor coordination in old animals. Our data therefore suggest that the benefits of exercise, even when performed at old age, extend beyond skeletal muscle and are at least in part mediated by PGC-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gesa Santos
- Biozentrum; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
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