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Trinh VH, Nguyen Huu T, Sah DK, Choi JM, Yoon HJ, Park SC, Jung YS, Lee SR. Redox Regulation of PTEN by Reactive Oxygen Species: Its Role in Physiological Processes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:199. [PMID: 38397797 PMCID: PMC10886030 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor due to its ability to regulate cell survival, growth, and proliferation by downregulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In addition, PTEN plays an essential role in other physiological events associated with cell growth demands, such as ischemia-reperfusion, nerve injury, and immune responsiveness. Therefore, recently, PTEN inhibition has emerged as a potential therapeutic intervention in these situations. Increasing evidence demonstrates that reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are produced and required for the signaling in many important cellular processes under such physiological conditions. ROS have been shown to oxidize PTEN at the cysteine residue of its active site, consequently inhibiting its function. Herein, we provide an overview of studies that highlight the role of the oxidative inhibition of PTEN in physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Hoang Trinh
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501190, Republic of Korea; (V.H.T.); (T.N.H.); (D.K.S.); (J.M.C.); (H.J.Y.)
- Department of Oncology, Department of Medical Sciences, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Thang Nguyen Huu
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501190, Republic of Korea; (V.H.T.); (T.N.H.); (D.K.S.); (J.M.C.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Sah
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501190, Republic of Korea; (V.H.T.); (T.N.H.); (D.K.S.); (J.M.C.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Jin Myung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501190, Republic of Korea; (V.H.T.); (T.N.H.); (D.K.S.); (J.M.C.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Hyun Joong Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501190, Republic of Korea; (V.H.T.); (T.N.H.); (D.K.S.); (J.M.C.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Sang Chul Park
- The Future Life & Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yu Seok Jung
- Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501190, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501190, Republic of Korea; (V.H.T.); (T.N.H.); (D.K.S.); (J.M.C.); (H.J.Y.)
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Lin SM, Rue R, Mukhitov AR, Goel A, Basil MC, Obraztsova K, Babu A, Crnkovic S, Ledwell OA, Ferguson LT, Planer JD, Nottingham AN, Vanka KS, Smith CJ, Cantu E, Kwapiszewska G, Morrisey EE, Evans JF, Krymskaya VP. Hyperactive mTORC1 in lung mesenchyme induces endothelial cell dysfunction and pulmonary vascular remodeling. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e172116. [PMID: 38127441 PMCID: PMC10866655 DOI: 10.1172/jci172116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a progressive cystic lung disease caused by tuberous sclerosis complex 1/2 (TSC1/2) gene mutations in pulmonary mesenchymal cells, resulting in activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). A subset of patients with LAM develop pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension. Little, however, is known regarding how LAM cells communicate with endothelial cells (ECs) to trigger vascular remodeling. In end-stage LAM lung explants, we identified EC dysfunction characterized by increased EC proliferation and migration, defective angiogenesis, and dysmorphic endothelial tube network formation. To model LAM disease, we used an mTORC1 gain-of-function mouse model with a Tsc2 KO (Tsc2KO) specific to lung mesenchyme (Tbx4LME-Cre Tsc2fl/fl), similar to the mesenchyme-specific genetic alterations seen in human disease. As early as 8 weeks of age, ECs from mice exhibited marked transcriptomic changes despite an absence of morphological changes to the distal lung microvasculature. In contrast, 1-year-old Tbx4LME-Cre Tsc2fl/fl mice spontaneously developed pulmonary vascular remodeling with increased medial thickness. Single-cell RNA-Seq of 1-year-old mouse lung cells identified paracrine ligands originating from Tsc2KO mesenchyme, which can signal through receptors in arterial ECs. These ECs had transcriptionally altered genes including those in pathways associated with blood vessel remodeling. The proposed pathophysiologic mesenchymal ligand-EC receptor crosstalk highlights the importance of an altered mesenchymal cell/EC axis in LAM and other hyperactive mTORC1-driven diseases. Since ECs in patients with LAM and in Tbx4LME-Cre Tsc2fl/fl mice did not harbor TSC2 mutations, our study demonstrates that constitutively active mTORC1 lung mesenchymal cells orchestrated dysfunctional EC responses that contributed to pulmonary vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Lin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
| | - Ryan Rue
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Alexander R. Mukhitov
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Akansha Goel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Maria C. Basil
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kseniya Obraztsova
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | | | - Slaven Crnkovic
- Division of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Owen A. Ledwell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Laura T. Ferguson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
| | - Joseph D. Planer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
| | - Ana N. Nottingham
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
| | - Kanth Swaroop Vanka
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Carly J. Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Edward Cantu
- Lung Biology Institute, and
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Division of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Edward E. Morrisey
- Lung Biology Institute, and
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jillian F. Evans
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Vera P. Krymskaya
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
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3
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Zhu Z, Freishtat RJ, Harmon B, Hahn A, Teach SJ, Pérez-Losada M, Hasegawa K, Camargo CA. Nasal airway microRNA profiling of infants with severe bronchiolitis and risk of childhood asthma: a multicentre prospective study. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2300502. [PMID: 37321621 PMCID: PMC10578345 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00502-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe bronchiolitis (i.e. bronchiolitis requiring hospitalisation) during infancy is a major risk factor for childhood asthma. However, the exact mechanism linking these common conditions remains unclear. We examined the longitudinal relationship between nasal airway miRNAs during severe bronchiolitis and the risk of developing asthma. METHODS In a 17-centre prospective cohort study of infants with severe bronchiolitis, we sequenced their nasal microRNA at hospitalisation. First, we identified differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) associated with the risk of developing asthma by age 6 years. Second, we characterised the DEmiRNAs based on their association with asthma-related clinical features, and expression level by tissue and cell types. Third, we conducted pathway and network analyses by integrating DEmiRNAs and their mRNA targets. Finally, we investigated the association of DEmiRNAs and nasal cytokines. RESULTS In 575 infants (median age 3 months), we identified 23 DEmiRNAs associated with asthma development (e.g. hsa-miR-29a-3p; false discovery rate (FDR) <0.10), particularly in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection (FDR for the interaction <0.05). These DEmiRNAs were associated with 16 asthma-related clinical features (FDR <0.05), e.g. infant eczema and corticosteroid use during hospitalisation. In addition, these DEmiRNAs were highly expressed in lung tissue and immune cells (e.g. T-helper cells, neutrophils). Third, DEmiRNAs were negatively correlated with their mRNA targets (e.g. hsa-miR-324-3p/IL13), which were enriched in asthma-related pathways (FDR <0.05), e.g. toll-like receptor, PI3K-Akt and FcɛR signalling pathways, and validated by cytokine data. CONCLUSION In a multicentre cohort of infants with severe bronchiolitis, we identified nasal miRNAs during illness that were associated with major asthma-related clinical features, immune response, and risk of asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert J Freishtat
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brennan Harmon
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andrea Hahn
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stephen J Teach
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marcos Pérez-Losada
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Wang S, Shi JT, Wang XR, Mu HX, Wang XT, Xu KY, Wang QS, Chen SW. 1H-Indazoles derivatives targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway: Synthesis, anti-tumor effect and molecular mechanism. Bioorg Chem 2023; 133:106412. [PMID: 36773456 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is one of the most common abnormal activation pathways in tumor cells, and has associated with multiple functions such as tumor cell growth, proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor angiogenesis. Here, a series of 3-amino-1H-indazole derivatives were synthesized, and their antiproliferative activities against HT-29, MCF-7, A-549, HepG2 and HGC-27 cells were evaluated. Among them, W24 exhibited the broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity against four cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.43-3.88 μM. Mechanism studies revealed that W24 inhibited proliferation by affecting the DNA synthesis, induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by regulating Cyclin B1, BAD and Bcl-xL, meanwhile induced the change of intracellular ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential in HGC-27 cells. Moreover, W24 inhibited the migration and invasion of HGC-27 cells by decreasing EMT pathway related proteins and reducing the mRNA expression levels of Snail, Slug and HIF-1α. Furthermore, W24 displayed low tissue toxicity profile and good pharmacokinetic properties in vivo. Therefore, 3-amino-1H-indazole derivatives might serve as a new scaffold for the development of PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitor and anti-gastric cancer reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- School of Pharmacy & Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jian-Tao Shi
- School of Pharmacy & Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xing-Rong Wang
- School of Pharmacy & Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong-Xia Mu
- School of Pharmacy & Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xue-Ting Wang
- School of Pharmacy & Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kai-Yan Xu
- School of Pharmacy & Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qing-Shan Wang
- School of Pharmacy & Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shi-Wu Chen
- School of Pharmacy & Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Ciaston I, Dobosz E, Potempa J, Koziel J. The subversion of toll-like receptor signaling by bacterial and viral proteases during the development of infectious diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2022; 88:101143. [PMID: 36152458 PMCID: PMC9924004 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that respond to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The recognition of specific microbial ligands by TLRs triggers an innate immune response and also promotes adaptive immunity, which is necessary for the efficient elimination of invading pathogens. Successful pathogens have therefore evolved strategies to subvert and/or manipulate TLR signaling. Both the impairment and uncontrolled activation of TLR signaling can harm the host, causing tissue destruction and allowing pathogens to proliferate, thus favoring disease progression. In this context, microbial proteases are key virulence factors that modify components of the TLR signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the role of bacterial and viral proteases in the manipulation of TLR signaling, highlighting the importance of these enzymes during the development of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Ciaston
- Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Dobosz
- Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Oral Health and Systemic Disease, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Joanna Koziel
- Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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Shan D, Qu P, Zhong C, He L, Zhang Q, Zhong G, Hu W, Feng Y, Yang S, Yang XF, Yu J. Anemoside B4 Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Neointimal Hyperplasia. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:907490. [PMID: 35620517 PMCID: PMC9127303 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.907490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic transformation, proliferation, and migration play a pivotal role in developing neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury, including percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and other cardiovascular interventions. Anemoside B4 (B4) is a unique saponin identified from the Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel, which has known anti-inflammatory activities. However, its role in modulating VSMC functions and neointima formation has not been evaluated. Herein, we demonstrate that B4 administration had a potent therapeutic effect in reducing neointima formation in a preclinical mouse femoral artery endothelium denudation model. Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation study showed that B4 attenuated neointimal VSMC proliferation in vivo. Consistent with the in vivo findings, B4 attenuated PDGF-BB-induced mouse VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro. Moreover, quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis demonstrated that B4 suppressed PDGF-BB-induced reduction of SM22α, SMA, and Calponin, suggesting that B4 inhibited the transformation of VSMCs from contractile to the synthetic phenotype. Mechanistically, our data showed B4 dose-dependently inhibited the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK signaling pathways. Subsequently, we determined that B4 attenuated VSMC proliferation and migration in a p38 MAPK and AKT dependent manner using pharmacological inhibitors. Taken together, this study identified, for the first time, Anemoside B4 as a potential therapeutic agent in regulating VSMC plasticity and combating restenosis after the vascular intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shan
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Ping Qu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Chao Zhong
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Luling He
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingshan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Guoyue Zhong
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yulin Feng
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Shilin Yang
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-feng Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Jun Yu
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Chen XY, Yang LP, Zheng YL, Li YX, Zhong DL, Jin RJ, Li J. Electroacupuncture Attenuated Phenotype Transformation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via PI3K/Akt and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats. Chin J Integr Med 2022; 28:357-365. [PMID: 34839455 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-2883-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the antihypertensive mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) is associated with attenuating phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) via phosphoinositide3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. METHODS Eight Wistar-ktoyo (WKY) rats were set as normal blood pressure group (normal group). A total of 32 spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) were randomly divided into 4 groups using random number tables: a model group, an EA group, an EA+PI3K antagonist group (EA+P group), and an EA+p38 MAPK agonist+extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) agonist group (EA+M group) (n=8/group). SHRs in EA group, EA+P group and EA+M group received EA treatment 5 sessions per week for continuous 4 weeks, while rats in the normal and model groups were bundled in same condition. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) of each rat was measured at 0 week and the 4th week. After 4-week intervention, thoracic aorta was collected for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry [the contractile markers α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and calponin and the synthetic marker osteopontin (OPN)] and Western blot [α-SMA, calponin, OPN, PI3K, phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), Akt, p-p42/44 ERK, total p42/44 ERK, p-p38 MAPK and total p38 MAPK]. RESULTS EA significantly reduced SBP, DBP and MAP (P<0.01). HE staining showed that the wall thickness of thoracic aorta in EA group was significantly decreased (P<0.01). From results of immunohistochemistry and Western blot, EA increased the expression of α-SMA and calponin, and decreased the expression of OPN (P<0.01). In addition, the expression of PI3K and p-Akt increased (P<0.01), while the expression of p-p42/44 ERK and p-p38 MAPK decreased in EA group (P<0.01). However, these effects were reversed by PI3K antagonist, p38 MAPK agonist and ERK agonist. CONCLUSIONS EA was an effective treatment for BP management. The antihypertensive effect of EA may be related with inhibition of phenotypic transformation of VSMCs, in which the activation of PI3K/Akt and the repression of MAPK pathway were involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Chen
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Food Science and Nutrition School, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Lu-Ping Yang
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Ya-Ling Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yu-Xi Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Dong-Ling Zhong
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Rong-Jiang Jin
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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8
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Kudryashova TV, Dabral S, Nayakanti S, Ray A, Goncharov DA, Avolio T, Shen Y, Rode A, Pena A, Jiang L, Lin D, Baust J, Bachman TN, Graumann J, Ruppert C, Guenther A, Schmoranzer M, Grobs Y, Lemay SE, Tremblay E, Breuils-Bonnet S, Boucherat O, Mora AL, DeLisser H, Zhao J, Zhao Y, Bonnet S, Seeger W, Pullamsetti SS, Goncharova EA. Noncanonical HIPPO/MST Signaling via BUB3 and FOXO Drives Pulmonary Vascular Cell Growth and Survival. Circ Res 2022; 130:760-778. [PMID: 35124974 PMCID: PMC8897250 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The MSTs (mammalian Ste20-like kinases) 1/2 are members of the HIPPO pathway that act as growth suppressors in adult proliferative diseases. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) manifests by increased proliferation and survival of pulmonary vascular cells in small PAs, pulmonary vascular remodeling, and the rise of pulmonary arterial pressure. The role of MST1/2 in PAH is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the roles and mechanisms of the action of MST1 and MST2 in PAH. METHODS AND RESULTS Using early-passage pulmonary vascular cells from PAH and nondiseased lungs and mice with smooth muscle-specific tamoxifen-inducible Mst1/2 knockdown, we found that, in contrast to canonical antiproliferative/proapoptotic roles, MST1/2 act as proproliferative/prosurvival molecules in human PAH pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cells and pulmonary arterial adventitial fibroblasts and support established pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension in mice with SU5416/hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. By using unbiased proteomic analysis, gain- and loss-of function approaches, and pharmacological inhibition of MST1/2 kinase activity by XMU-MP-1, we next evaluated mechanisms of regulation and function of MST1/2 in PAH pulmonary vascular cells. We found that, in PAH pulmonary arterial adventitial fibroblasts, the proproliferative function of MST1/2 is caused by IL-6-dependent MST1/2 overexpression, which induces PSMC6-dependent downregulation of forkhead homeobox type O 3 and hyperproliferation. In PAH pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cells, MST1/2 acted via forming a disease-specific interaction with BUB3 and supported ECM (extracellular matrix)- and USP10-dependent BUB3 accumulation, upregulation of Akt-mTORC1, cell proliferation, and survival. Supporting our in vitro observations, smooth muscle-specific Mst1/2 knockdown halted upregulation of Akt-mTORC1 in small muscular PAs of mice with SU5416/hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Together, this study describes a novel proproliferative/prosurvival role of MST1/2 in PAH pulmonary vasculature, provides a novel mechanistic link from MST1/2 via BUB3 and forkhead homeobox type O to the abnormal proliferation and survival of pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cells and pulmonary arterial adventitial fibroblasts, remodeling and pulmonary hypertension, and suggests new target pathways for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V. Kudryashova
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Swati Dabral
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Sreenath Nayakanti
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Arnab Ray
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dmitry A. Goncharov
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Theodore Avolio
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yuanjun Shen
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Analise Rode
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andressa Pena
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lifeng Jiang
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Derek Lin
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Baust
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Timothy N. Bachman
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Clemens Ruppert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Andreas Guenther
- Department of Internal Medicine, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Mario Schmoranzer
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Yann Grobs
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Sarah Eve Lemay
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Eve Tremblay
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | | | - Olivier Boucherat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Ana L. Mora
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Horace DeLisser
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pulmonary Vascular Disease Program, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jing Zhao
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yutong Zhao
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Werner Seeger
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Soni S. Pullamsetti
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elena A. Goncharova
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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9
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Gao M, Ma MM, Lu FT, Huang CC, Sun L, Lv XF, Zhang B, Wang GL, Guan YY. Low Chloride-Regulated ClC-5 Contributes to Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Cerebrovascular Remodeling. Hypertension 2022; 79:e73-e85. [PMID: 35144478 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low serum chloride (Cl-) level is considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality associated with chronic hypertension. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. ClC-5, a member of the Cl- channel family, is sensitive to changes in intracellular and extracellular Cl- concentration and conducts outwardly rectifying Cl- currents. The aims of this study were to determine if ClC-5 is regulated by low extracellular Cl-, clarify its putative roles in hypertension-induced cerebrovascular remodeling, and elucidate the associated underlying mechanisms. METHODS Whole-cell patch technique, intracellular Cl- concentration measurements, flow cytometry, Western blot, Clcn5 knockdown (Clcn5-/y), and adenovirus-mediated ClC-5 overexpression mice, 2-kidney, 2-clip, and angiotensin II infusion-induced hypertensive models were used. RESULTS We found that low extracellular Cl- evoked a ClC-5-dependent Cl- current that was abolished by ClC-5 depletion in basilar artery smooth muscle cells. ClC-5 was upregulated in the arterial tissues of rats and patients with hypertension. Low Cl--induced current and ClC-5 protein expression positively correlated with basilar artery remodeling during hypertension. ClC-5 knockdown ameliorated hypertension-induced cerebrovascular remodeling and smooth muscle cell proliferation, whereas ClC-5 overexpression mice exhibited the opposite phenotype. ClC-5-dependent Cl- efflux induced by low extracellular Cl- activated WNK1 (lysine-deficient protein kinase 1) which, in turn, activated AKT, and culminated in basilar artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and vascular remodeling. CONCLUSIONS ClC-5 mediates low Cl--induced Cl- currents in basilar artery smooth muscle cells and regulates hypertension-induced cerebrovascular remodeling by promoting basilar artery smooth muscle cell proliferation via the WNK1/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine (M.G., M.-M.M., F.-T.L., C.-C.H., L.S., X.-F.L., G.-L.W., Y.-Y.G.).,Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. (M.G., C.-C.H.)
| | - Ming-Ming Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine (M.G., M.-M.M., F.-T.L., C.-C.H., L.S., X.-F.L., G.-L.W., Y.-Y.G.)
| | - Feng-Ting Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine (M.G., M.-M.M., F.-T.L., C.-C.H., L.S., X.-F.L., G.-L.W., Y.-Y.G.)
| | - Cheng-Cui Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine (M.G., M.-M.M., F.-T.L., C.-C.H., L.S., X.-F.L., G.-L.W., Y.-Y.G.).,Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. (M.G., C.-C.H.)
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine (M.G., M.-M.M., F.-T.L., C.-C.H., L.S., X.-F.L., G.-L.W., Y.-Y.G.).,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (L.S.)
| | - Xiao-Fei Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine (M.G., M.-M.M., F.-T.L., C.-C.H., L.S., X.-F.L., G.-L.W., Y.-Y.G.)
| | - Bin Zhang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, China (B.Z.)
| | - Guan-Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine (M.G., M.-M.M., F.-T.L., C.-C.H., L.S., X.-F.L., G.-L.W., Y.-Y.G.)
| | - Yong-Yuan Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine (M.G., M.-M.M., F.-T.L., C.-C.H., L.S., X.-F.L., G.-L.W., Y.-Y.G.)
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10
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Landh E, Wang R, Moir LM, Traini D, Young PM, Ong HX. Prospective nanoparticle treatments for lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:75-86. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2029401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emelie Landh
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roger Wang
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lyn M. Moir
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul M. Young
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
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11
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Lai YJ, Kao WWY, Yeh YH, Chen WJ, Chu PH. Lumican deficiency promotes pulmonary arterial remodeling. Transl Res 2021; 237:63-81. [PMID: 34091085 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is caused by progressive extracellular matrix disorganization and increased pulmonary vascular cell proliferation. Lumican is a member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan family that controls cell proliferation, and is a potential endogenous modulator of TGF-β signaling pathway. We show that the decreased lumican protein levels in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is related to the vascular remodeling and stiffening observed in PAH. The role of lumican in PASMC accumulation and activation in response to pulmonary vascular remodeling remains unclear and we hypothesized that the loss of lumican in PASMCs promotes the development of PAH. Our aim was to establish that lumican plays a pivotal role in modulating pathological vascular remodeling in humans using a rat model of monocrotaline-induced PAH and chronically hypoxic mice. We found that mice with a homozygous deletion of lumican (Lum-/-) showed severe pulmonary arterial remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy in response to hypoxia, and these effects in mice with chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension were successfully treated by the administration of a lumican C-terminal peptide (LumC13C-A, lumikine). We identified a mechanistic link by which lumican signaling prevents the activation of phosphorylated AKT, resulting in the suppression of PASMC proliferation. Lumican deficiency promotes pulmonary arterial remodeling. Administration of lumikine reverses the PAH pathogenesis caused by hypoxia-induced experimental PAH. Lumican is an antiproliferative target that functions to suppress pAKT activation during pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ju Lai
- Cardiovascular Division, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Care, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi, Taiwan.
| | - Winston W-Y Kao
- Department of Ophtalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yung-Hsin Yeh
- Cardiovascular Division, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Chen
- Cardiovascular Division, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- Cardiovascular Division, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
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12
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Preclinical Investigation of Trifluoperazine as a Novel Therapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062919. [PMID: 33805714 PMCID: PMC7998101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trifluoperazine (TFP), an antipsychotic drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration, has been show to exhibit anti-cancer effects. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease characterized by a progressive obliteration of small pulmonary arteries (PAs) due to exaggerated proliferation and resistance to apoptosis of PA smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). However, the therapeutic potential of TFP for correcting the cancer-like phenotype of PAH-PASMCs and improving PAH in animal models remains unknown. PASMCs isolated from PAH patients were exposed to different concentrations of TFP before assessments of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The in vivo therapeutic potential of TFP was tested in two preclinical models with established PAH, namely the monocrotaline and sugen/hypoxia-induced rat models. Assessments of hemodynamics by right heart catheterization and histopathology were conducted. TFP showed strong anti-survival and anti-proliferative effects on cultured PAH-PASMCs. Exposure to TFP was associated with downregulation of AKT activity and nuclear translocation of forkhead box protein O3 (FOXO3). In both preclinical models, TFP significantly lowered the right ventricular systolic pressure and total pulmonary resistance and improved cardiac function. Consistently, TFP reduced the medial wall thickness of distal PAs. Overall, our data indicate that TFP could have beneficial effects in PAH and support the view that seeking new uses for old drugs may represent a fruitful approach.
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13
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Rai N, Shihan M, Seeger W, Schermuly RT, Novoyatleva T. Genetic Delivery and Gene Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031179. [PMID: 33503992 PMCID: PMC7865388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive complex fatal disease of multiple etiologies. Hyperproliferation and resistance to apoptosis of vascular cells of intimal, medial, and adventitial layers of pulmonary vessels trigger excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction in the course of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a subgroup of PH. Multiple gene mutation/s or dysregulated gene expression contribute to the pathogenesis of PAH by endorsing the proliferation and promoting the resistance to apoptosis of pulmonary vascular cells. Given the vital role of these cells in PAH progression, the development of safe and efficient-gene therapeutic approaches that lead to restoration or down-regulation of gene expression, generally involved in the etiology of the disease is the need of the hour. Currently, none of the FDA-approved drugs provides a cure against PH, hence innovative tools may offer a novel treatment paradigm for this progressive and lethal disorder by silencing pathological genes, expressing therapeutic proteins, or through gene-editing applications. Here, we review the effectiveness and limitations of the presently available gene therapy approaches for PH. We provide a brief survey of commonly existing and currently applicable gene transfer methods for pulmonary vascular cells in vitro and describe some more recent developments for gene delivery existing in the field of PH in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabham Rai
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Mazen Shihan
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Werner Seeger
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph T. Schermuly
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Tatyana Novoyatleva
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Mirhadi E, Roufogalis BD, Banach M, Barati M, Sahebkar A. Resveratrol: Mechanistic and therapeutic perspectives in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105287. [PMID: 33157235 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol, trans 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene, is a stilbenoid polyphenol with a wide range of properties including antioxidant, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. It is found in the skins of grape (50-100 μg/mL), red wine, peanuts, bilberries, blueberries and cranberries. The most important effects of resveratrol have been found in cardiovascular disease, with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) being a major severe and progressive component. Many factors are involved in the pathogenesis of PAH, including enzymes, transcription factors, proteins, chemokines, cytokines, hypoxia, oxidative stress and others. Resveratrol treats PAH through its actions on various signaling pathways. These signaling pathways are mainly suppressed SphK1-mediated NF-κB activation, BMP/SMAD signaling pathway, miR-638 and NR4A3/cyclin D1 pathway, SIRT1 pathway, Nrf-2, HIF-1 α expression, MAPK/ERK1 and PI3K/AKT pathways, and RhoA-ROCK signaling pathway. Resveratrol efficiently inhibits the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells and right ventricular remodeling, which are underlying processes leading to enhanced PAH. While supportive evidence from randomized controlled trials is yet to be available, current in vitro and in vivo studies seem to be convincing and suggest a therapeutic promise for the use of resveratrol in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Mirhadi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Basil D Roufogalis
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Mehdi Barati
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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15
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Van Nuffel S, Quatredeniers M, Pirkl A, Zakel J, Le Caer JP, Elie N, Vanbellingen QP, Dumas SJ, Nakhleh MK, Ghigna MR, Fadel E, Humbert M, Chaurand P, Touboul D, Cohen-Kaminsky S, Brunelle A. Multimodal Imaging Mass Spectrometry to Identify Markers of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Human Lung Tissue Using MALDI-ToF, ToF-SIMS, and Hybrid SIMS. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12079-12087. [PMID: 32786503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and deadly disease affecting roughly 15-60 people per million in Europe with a poorly understood pathology. There are currently no diagnostic tools for early detection nor does a curative treatment exist. The lipid composition of arteries in lung tissue samples from human PAH and control patients were investigated using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) combined with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) imaging. Using random forests as an IMS data analysis technique, it was possible to identify the ion at m/z 885.6 as a marker of PAH in human lung tissue. The m/z 885.6 ion intensity was shown to be significantly higher around diseased arteries and was confirmed to be a diacylglycerophosphoinositol PI(C18:0/C20:4) via MS/MS using a novel hybrid SIMS instrument. The discovery of a potential biomarker opens up new research avenues which may finally lead to a better understanding of the PAH pathology and highlights the vital role IMS can play in modern biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Van Nuffel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marceau Quatredeniers
- Université Paris-Saclay, School of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | | | - Julia Zakel
- IONTOF GmbH, Heisenbergstraße 15, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Le Caer
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Elie
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Quentin P Vanbellingen
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sébastien Joël Dumas
- Université Paris-Saclay, School of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Morad Kamel Nakhleh
- Université Paris-Saclay, School of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Maria-Rosa Ghigna
- Université Paris-Saclay, School of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Elie Fadel
- Université Paris-Saclay, School of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Université Paris-Saclay, School of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Center, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Pierre Chaurand
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David Touboul
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sylvia Cohen-Kaminsky
- Université Paris-Saclay, School of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Alain Brunelle
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Laboratoire d'Archéologie Moléculaire et Structurale, LAMS UMR8220, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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16
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Wang J, Wu J, Zhu X, Chen J, Zhao J, Xu Y, Xie J. Absence of the MFG-E8 gene prevents hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:587-600. [PMID: 32592231 PMCID: PMC7689852 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic vascular disease characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial resistance and vascular remodeling, and chronic hypoxia plays an important role in PH. Milk fat globule‐EGF factor 8 (MFG‐E8) is a glycoprotein that regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis, but its role in hypoxia‐induced PH is unknown. The current study aimed to determine the function and fundamental mechanisms of MFG‐E8 in hypoxia‐induced PH. Herein, we exposed mice to hypoxia for 5 weeks, and MFG‐E8 was found to be elevated in mouse lung tissues, arteries, and plasma. Compared with wild‐type littermates, mice lacking MFG‐E8 showed a significant increase in the ratio of pulmonary artery acceleration time to ejection time (PAT/PET), while they showed decreases in right ventricular systolic pressure, the Fulton's Index, percent medial wall thickness (%WT), and vascular muscularization in pulmonary arteries. In addition, MFG‐E8 protein levels were also increased in the serum of patients with chronic PH. Similarly, we observed a higher expression of MFG‐E8 in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in the presence of hypoxic stimulation than MFG‐E8 in cells in normoxic conditions. Furthermore, MFG‐E8 silencing resulted in partial inhibition of proliferation, migration and cell cycle progression in human PASMCs, and the possible mechanisms might involve the interaction between MFG‐E8 and the p‐Akt/cyclin D1 pathway. Collectively, our study suggests that the absence of MFG‐E8 can attenuate the development of hypoxia‐induced PH and vascular remodeling. MFG‐E8 can be a potential therapeutic target or a biomarker for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jixing Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianying Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinkun Chen
- St. John's-Ravenscourt School, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jungang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Garat CV, Majka SM, Sullivan TM, Crossno JT, Reusch JE, Klemm DJ. CREB depletion in smooth muscle cells promotes medial thickening, adventitial fibrosis and elicits pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ 2020; 10:2045894019898374. [PMID: 32313640 PMCID: PMC7158261 DOI: 10.1177/2045894019898374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Levels of the cAMP-responsive transcription factor, CREB, are reduced in medial smooth muscle cells in remodeled pulmonary arteries from hypertensive calves and rats with chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Here, we show that chronic hypoxia fails to promote CREB depletion in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells or elicit significant remodeling of the pulmonary arteries in mice, suggesting that sustained CREB expression prevents hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery remodeling. This hypothesis was tested by generating mice, in which CREB was ablated in smooth muscle cells. Loss of CREB in smooth muscle cells stimulated pulmonary artery thickening, right ventricular hypertrophy, profound adventitial collagen deposition, recruitment of myeloid cells to the adventitia, and elevated right ventricular systolic pressure without exposure to chronic hypoxia. Isolated murine CREB-null smooth muscle cells exhibited serum-independent proliferation and hypertrophy in vitro and medium conditioned by CREB-null smooth muscle cells stimulated proliferation and expression of extracellular matrix proteins by adventitial fibroblasts. We conclude that CREB governs the pathologic switch from homeostatic, quiescent smooth muscle cells to proliferative, synthetic cells that drive arterial remodeling contributing to the development or pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystelle V. Garat
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan M. Majka
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Timothy M. Sullivan
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joseph T. Crossno
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jane E.B. Reusch
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dwight J. Klemm
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Administration, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO, USA
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18
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Cao YY, Ba HX, Li Y, Tang SY, Luo ZQ, Li XH. Regulatory effects of Prohibitin 1 on proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in monocrotaline-induced PAH rats. Life Sci 2020; 250:117548. [PMID: 32173312 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe pulmonary vascular disease characterized by unbalanced proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) is known for its significant anti-proliferative activity. However, the role of PHB1 in PASMCs and PAH have not been elucidated. METHODS Monocrotaline (MCT 60 mg/kg) was used to build a PAH model in SD rats. Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy were measured. Morphology of pulmonary vessels was observed by Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. Expression of PHB1 in pulmonary arteries and PASMCs was determinated by immunoblot and immunofluorescence. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 and EDU when PASMCs were stimulated by PDGF-BB (20 ng/mL). Furthermore, siRNA for PHB1 and Akt inhibitor were conducted to investigate the mechanism behind the role of PHB1 and AKT signaling pathway in PASMCs proliferation and apoptosis. RESULTS The protein expression of PHB1 in PAH rats lung tissue was significantly up-regulated accompanied by elevated RVSP and enhanced RV hypertrophy. Immunohistochemistry showed that PHB1 was mainly localized in the pulmonary vascular smooth muscle layer. PDGF-BB significantly up-regulated the expression of PHB1 in rat primary PASMCs in a time- and dose-dependent manner. After PHB1 knock down, PASMCs proliferation was significantly suppressed while apoptosis was significantly recovered. Meanwhile the level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and P-Akt were significantly down-regulated. Perifosine (Akt inhibitor) also significantly inhibit proliferation of PASMCs. CONCLUSION PHB1 contributes to pulmonary vascular remodeling by accelerating proliferation of PASMCs which involves AKT phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hui-Xue Ba
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Si-Yuan Tang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zi-Qiang Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha 411000, China.
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19
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Li S, Zhai C, Shi W, Feng W, Xie X, Pan Y, Wang J, Yan X, Chai L, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Liu P, Li M. Leukotriene B 4 induces proliferation of rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells via modulating GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 867:172823. [PMID: 31770525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) has been found to contribute to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation and pulmonary arterial remodeling therefore the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Yet, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The present study aims to address this issue. Our results demonstrate that LTB4 dose- and time-dependently induced proliferation of primary cultured rat PASMCs, this was accompanied with the activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathways, and consequent inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), up-regulation of β-catenin and induction of cyclin D1 expression. The presence of PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) or MEK inhibitor (U0126) or prior silencing of β-catenin with siRNA suppressed LTB4-induced cyclin D1 up-regulation and PASMCs proliferation. In addition, inactivation or lack of GSK-3β up-regulated β-catenin and cyclin D1 in PASMCs. Taken together, our study indicates that activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 pathways mediates LTB4-induced PASMCs proliferation by modulating GSK-3β/β-catenin/cyclin D1 axis and suggests that targeting this pathway might have potential value in alleviating vascular remodeling and benefit PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Cui Zhai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Wenhua Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Yilin Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Limin Chai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Qingting Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Pengtao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China.
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20
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Zha LH, Zhou J, Li TZ, Luo H, Zhang MQ, Li S, Yu ZX. NLRC3 inhibits MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats via attenuating PI3K activation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15963-15976. [PMID: 30767203 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation plays a critical role in the pulmonary vascular remodeling of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The nucleotide-oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor subfamily C3 (NLRC3) inhibits proliferation and inflammation via PI3K signaling in cancer. We previously showed NLRC3 was significantly reduced in PH patients, but the mechanism of function remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the potential role of NLRC3 in PH. We found that NLRC3 was downregulated in the pulmonary arteries of PH animal models and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) stimulated pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). NLRC3 pretreatment reduced right ventricular systolic pressure, attenuated pulmonary vascular remodeling and RVHI, and ameliorated proliferation, migration, and inflammation. Monocrotaline (MCT)- and PDGF-BB-mediated PI3K activation were suppressed by NLRC3 pretreatment. 740Y-P decreased the effect of NLRC3. Collectively, NLRC3 protected against MCT-induced rat PH and PDGF-BB-induced PASMC proliferation, migration, and inflammation through a mechanism involving PI3K inhibition. NLRC3 may have a therapeutic effect on PH and provide a promising therapeutic strategy for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Huang Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- MedicalScience Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tang-Zhiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Men-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zai-Xin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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21
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Chen C, Li HF, Hu YJ, Jiang MJ, Liu QS, Zhou J. Family with Sequence Similarity 83 Member H Promotes the Viability and Metastasis of Cervical Cancer Cells and Indicates a Poor Prognosis. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:611-618. [PMID: 31250574 PMCID: PMC6597464 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.7.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Family with sequence similarity 83 member H (FAM83H) plays key roles in tumorigenesis. However, the specific roles of FAM83H in cervical cancer (CC) have not been well studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS The RNA-seq data of 306 CC tissues and three normal samples downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas were used to analyze the expression of FAM83H. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw survival curves. Associations between FAM83H expression and clinicopathological factors were analyzed by chi-square test. Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze prognostic factors. Loss-of-function assays were conducted to discover the biological functions of FAM83H in cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration. Real-time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to measure the expression levels of FAM83H in CC cell lines. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that FAM83H is overexpressed in CC tissues and that high FAM83H expression is associated with worse overall survival (OS). High FAM83H expression in CC was associated with clinical stage, pathologic tumor, and pathologic node. Univariate analysis suggested that FAM83H expression was significantly related to the OS of CC patients. Although multivariate analysis showed that FAM83H expression was not an independent prognostic factor for the OS of CC patients, the effects of FAM83H on CC cell growth and motility was significant. Loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that knockdown of FAM83H inhibited proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of CC cells by inactivating PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSION FAM83H might play a crucial role in CC progression and could act as a novel therapeutic target in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Feng Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Jie Hu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meng Jie Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Sheng Liu
- Department of Geratology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Geratology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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22
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Transcriptome Changes in the Mink Uterus during Blastocyst Dormancy and Reactivation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092099. [PMID: 31035421 PMCID: PMC6540205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation in the mink follows the pattern of many carnivores, in that preimplantation embryo diapause occurs in every gestation. Details of the gene expression and regulatory networks that terminate embryo diapause remain poorly understood. Illumina RNA-Seq was used to analyze global gene expression changes in the mink uterus during embryo diapause and activation leading to implantation. More than 50 million high quality reads were generated, and assembled into 170,984 unigenes. A total of 1684 differential expressed genes (DEGs) in uteri with blastocysts in diapause were compared to the activated embryo group (p < 0.05). Among these transcripts, 1527 were annotated as known genes, including 963 up-regulated and 564 down-regulated genes. The gene ontology terms for the observed DEGs, included cellular communication, phosphatase activity, extracellular matrix and G-protein couple receptor activity. The KEGG pathways, including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, focal adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interactions were the most enriched. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and hub nodes such as VEGFA, EGF, AKT, IGF1, PIK3C and CCND1 with high degrees of connectivity represent gene clusters expected to play an important role in embryo activation. These results provide novel information for understanding the molecular mechanisms of maternal regulation of embryo activation in mink.
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23
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Li Q, Wu J, Xu Y, Liu L, Xie J. Role of RASEF hypermethylation in cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary arterial smooth muscle remodeling. Respir Res 2019; 20:52. [PMID: 30845941 PMCID: PMC6407244 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive and fatal disease. While cigarette smoke can change DNA methylation status, the role of such molecular alterations in smoke-associated PH is unclear. Methods A PH rat model was developed by exposing animals to cigarette smoke for 3 months. Right ventricular systolic pressure was measured with a right heart catheter. Histological changes (right ventricular hypertrophy index, medial wall thickness in pulmonary arteries (PAs)) and DNMT1 protein levels in rat PAs or primary human PA smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) exposed to cigarette smoke extract were assessed. Methylation sequencing and MassArray® were used to detect genomic and RASEF promoter methylation status, respectively. After DNMT1 knockdown and cigarette smoke extract exposure, HPASMCs behavior (proliferation, migration) and RASEF methylation status were examined; RASEF mRNA expression was evaluated by real-time-polymerase chain reaction. RASEF overexpression viral vectors were used to assess the impact of RASEF on rat PH and HPASMCs remodeling. Results Higher right ventricular systolic pressure, medial wall thickness, and right ventricular hypertrophy index values were observed in the smoking group rats. Smoke exposure increased DNMT1 expression and RASEF methylation levels in rat PAs and HPASMCs. Cigarette smoke extract induced HPASMCs behavioral changes and RASEF hypermethylation followed by silencing, while DNMT1 knockdown markedly inhibited these changes. RASEF overexpression distinctly inhibited PH and HPASMCs remodeling, possibly through phospho-AKT (Ser473), PCNA, and MMP9 downregulation. Conclusions Cigarette smoke caused PA remodeling in PH rats related to RASEF hypermethylation. These results expand our understanding of key epigenetic mechanisms in cigarette smoke-associated PH and potentially provide a novel therapeutic target for PH. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-019-1014-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Jixing Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Jungang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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24
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Qiu L, Xu C, Jiang H, Li W, Tong S, Xia H. Cantharidin Attenuates the Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells through Suppressing Inflammatory Response. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:34-42. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University
| | - Changwu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Suiyang Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University
| | - Hao Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University
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25
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Liu Y, Jia L, Min D, Xu Y, Zhu J, Sun Z. Baicalin inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the MEG3/p53 pathway following treatment with ox‑LDL. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:901-913. [PMID: 30535498 PMCID: PMC6317676 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a systemic disease associated with lipid metabolic disorders and abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Baicalin is a flavonoid compound isolated from the dry roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and exerts anti-proliferative effects in various types of cells. However, the effect of baicalin on AS remains unclear. In the present study, serum samples were collected from patients with AS and an in vitro model of AS was established using oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human aorta vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs). The siRNA transfection and overexpression efficiency of endogenous maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) and the expression level of MEG3 were analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The effects of alterations in expression levels of MEG3 were assessed by MTT assay, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine staining, wound healing assay, immunofluorescence and western blotting in HA-VSMCs. qPCR indicated that the expression of MEG3 was reduced in serum samples from patients with AS and ox-LDL-treated HA-VSMCs, compared with serum samples from healthy patients and untreated HA-VSMCs, respectively. Further experiments indicated that ox-LDL-induced decrease of MEG3 expression was reversed by treatment with baicalin in a concentration-dependent manner. Following treatment with ox-LDL, decreased expression of MEG3 promoted proliferation and migration, and suppressed apoptosis in HA-VSMCs. Furthermore, treatment with baicalin reversed these effects on proliferation and apoptosis in ox-LDL-treated HA-VSMCs. The current study indicated that downregulated expression of MEG3 increased cell cycle-associated protein expression. However, treatment with baicalin inhibited the expression of cell-cycle associated proteins in HA-VSMCs with MEG3 knockdown. In addition, baicalin activated the p53 signaling pathway and promoted the expression and transport of p53 from the cytoplasm to nucleus following MEG3 knockdown in ox-LDL-treated HA-VSMCs. Baicalin inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis by regulating the expression of MEG3/p53, indicating that baicalin may serve a role in AS by activating the MEG3/p53 signaling pathway. The present study suggested a potential mechanism underlying the protective role of baicalin in the in vitro model of AS, and these results may be used to develop novel therapeutic approaches for the affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Lianqun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Traditional Chinese Medicine Viscera State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Dongyu Min
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Experimental Center, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Jinquan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Zengxian Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
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26
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Kudryashova TV, Shen Y, Pena A, Cronin E, Okorie E, Goncharov DA, Goncharova EA. Inhibitory Antibodies against Activin A and TGF-β Reduce Self-Supported, but Not Soluble Factors-Induced Growth of Human Pulmonary Arterial Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102957. [PMID: 30274147 PMCID: PMC6212879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased growth and proliferation of distal pulmonary artery vascular smooth muscle cells (PAVSMC) is an important pathological component of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily plays a critical role in PAH, but relative impacts of self-secreted Activin A, Gremlin1, and TGF-β on PAH PAVSMC growth and proliferation are not studied. Here we report that hyper-proliferative human PAH PAVSMC have elevated secretion of TGF-β1 and, to a lesser extent, Activin A, but not Gremlin 1, and significantly reduced Ser465/467-Smad2 and Ser423/425-Smad3 phosphorylation compared to controls. Media, conditioned by PAH PAVSMC, markedly increased Ser465/467-Smad2, Ser423/425-Smad3, and Ser463/465-Smad1/5 phosphorylation, up-regulated Akt, ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK, and induced significant proliferation of non-diseased PAVSMC. Inhibitory anti-Activin A antibody reduced PAH PAVSMC growth without affecting canonical (Smads) or non-canonical (Akt, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK) effectors. Inhibitory anti-TGF-β antibody significantly reduced P-Smad3, P-ERK1/2 and proliferation of PAH PAVSMC, while anti-Gremlin 1 had no anti-proliferative effect. PDGF-BB diminished inhibitory effects of anti-Activin A and anti-TGF-β antibodies. None of the antibodies affected growth and proliferation of non-diseased PAVSMC induced by PAH PAVSMC-secreted factors. Together, these data demonstrate that human PAH PAVSMC have secretory, proliferative phenotype that could be targeted by anti-Activin A and anti-TGF-β antibodies; potential cross-talk with PDGF-BB should be considered while developing therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V Kudryashova
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Yuanjun Shen
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Andressa Pena
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Emily Cronin
- Division of Mathematics and Sciences, Walsh University, North Canton, OH 44720, USA.
| | - Evelyn Okorie
- Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Dmitry A Goncharov
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Elena A Goncharova
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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27
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Yang YZ, Zhang YF, Yang L, Xu J, Mo XM, Peng W. miR‑760 mediates hypoxia-induced proliferation and apoptosis of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via targeting TLR4. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2437-2446. [PMID: 30226538 PMCID: PMC6192785 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a disease characterized by enhanced proliferation and reduced apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. In the present study, miR-760 was demonstrated to be downregulated in PAH lung tissues compared with normal lung tissues, an effect that may be associated with the development of PAH. Hypoxia is an important stimulus for human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (hPASMC) proliferation and the occurrence of PAH. Therefore, the effect of miR-760 in hypoxia-treated and normal hPASMCs was investigated. Expression of exogenous miR-760 decreased cell proliferation in hypoxia-induced hPASMCs, and promoted cell apoptosis with an increase in the BCL2 associated X/BCL2 ratio and the expression levels of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9. In addition, overexpression of miR-760 suppressed the migration of hPASMCs under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, miR-760 was demonstrated to mediate its anti-proliferation effect via the regulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a direct target of miR-760. The results revealed that knockdown of TLR4 restrained the hypoxia-induced hPASMC proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. The present study uncovered a novel regulatory pathway involving miR-760 and suggested that miR-760 may be explored as a potential therapy for PAH in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhong Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Digestion, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Ming Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
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28
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Tsai CY, Dai KY, Fang C, Wu JCC, Chan SHH. PTEN/FLJ10540/PI3K/Akt cascade in experimental brain stem death: A newfound role for a classical tumorigenic signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:207-212. [PMID: 30008438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite great advances in contemporary medicine, brain death still remains enigmatic and its cellular and molecular mechanisms unsettled. This review summarizes recent findings that substantiate the notion that PTEN/FLJ10540/PI3K/Akt cascade, the classical tumorigenic signaling pathway, is actively engaged in experimental brain stem death. These results were based on a clinically relevant animal model that employs the pesticide mevinphos as the experimental insult in Sprague-Dawley rats to mimic brain stem death in patients died of organophosphate poisoning. The neural substrate investigated is the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), a brain stem site classically known to maintain arterial pressure (AP) and is established to be the origin of a "life-and-death" signal detected from AP, which reflects brain stem cardiovascular dysregulation that precedes death. Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the RVLM upregulates the nuclear factor-κB/nitric oxide synthase II/peroxynitrite cascade, resulting in impairment of brain stem cardiovascular regulation that leads to the loss of the "life-and-death" signal in experimental brain stem death. This process is reinforced by FLJ10540, a PI3K-association protein; and is counteracted by PTEN, a negative regulator of PI3K/Akt signaling. The concept that a classical signaling pathway in tumorigenesis is also an active player in cardiovascular dysregulation in brain stem death provides new ramifications for translational medicine. It promulgates the concept that rather than focusing on a particular disease condition, a new vista for future therapeutic strategy against both fatal eventualities should target at this common cellular cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Tsai
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Kuang-Yu Dai
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi Fang
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jacqueline C C Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Samuel H H Chan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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29
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Zhang L, Xu Z, Wu Y, Liao J, Zeng F, Shi L. Akt/eNOS and MAPK signaling pathways mediated the phenotypic switching of thoracic aorta vascular smooth muscle cells in aging/hypertensive rats. Physiol Res 2018; 67:543-553. [PMID: 29750880 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence demonstrates that phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is influenced by aging and hypertension. During phenotypic switching, VSMCs undergo a switch to a proliferative and migratory phenotype, with this switch being a common pathology in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the joint influence of age and hypertension on thoracic aortic smooth muscle phenotypic switching and the balance of Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling during this switch. Different ages of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used to establish hypertension and aging models. The phenotypic state was determined by detecting the marker proteins alpha-SM-actin, calponin, and osteopontin (OPN) via immunohistochemical staining and Western blot. Signaling proteins associated with the Akt and MAPK pathways were detected in rat thoracic aorta using Western blot. Both aging and hypertension caused a decrease in contractile (differentiated) phenotype markers (alpha-SM-actin and calponin), while the synthetic (proliferative or de-differentiated) phenotype maker was elevated (OPN). When combining hypertension and aging, this effect was enhanced, with Akt signaling decreased, while MAPK signaling was increased. These results suggested that VSMCs phenotype switching is modulated by a balance between Akt and MAPK signaling in the process of aging and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, P. R. China.
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30
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Alvarez RA, Miller MP, Hahn SA, Galley JC, Bauer E, Bachman T, Hu J, Sembrat J, Goncharov D, Mora AL, Rojas M, Goncharova E, Straub AC. Targeting Pulmonary Endothelial Hemoglobin α Improves Nitric Oxide Signaling and Reverses Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Dysfunction. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 57:733-744. [PMID: 28800253 PMCID: PMC5765416 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0418oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by pulmonary endothelial dysfunction. Previous work showed that systemic artery endothelial cells (ECs) express hemoglobin (Hb) α to control nitric oxide (NO) diffusion, but the role of this system in pulmonary circulation has not been evaluated. We hypothesized that up-regulation of Hb α in pulmonary ECs contributes to NO depletion and pulmonary vascular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension. Primary distal pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cells, lung tissue sections from unused donor (control) and idiopathic pulmonary artery (PA) hypertension lungs, and rat and mouse models of SU5416/hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) were used. Immunohistochemical, immunocytochemical, and immunoblot analyses and transfection, infection, DNA synthesis, apoptosis, migration, cell count, and protein activity assays were performed in this study. Cocultures of human pulmonary microvascular ECs and distal pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cells, lung tissue from control and pulmonary hypertensive lungs, and a mouse model of chronic hypoxia-induced PH were used. Immunohistochemical, immunoblot analyses, spectrophotometry, and blood vessel myography experiments were performed in this study. We find increased expression of Hb α in pulmonary endothelium from humans and mice with PH compared with controls. In addition, we show up-regulation of Hb α in human pulmonary ECs cocultured with PA smooth muscle cells in hypoxia. We treated pulmonary ECs with a Hb α mimetic peptide that disrupts the association of Hb α with endothelial NO synthase, and found that cells treated with the peptide exhibited increased NO signaling compared with a scrambled peptide. Myography experiments using pulmonary arteries from hypoxic mice show that the Hb α mimetic peptide enhanced vasodilation in response to acetylcholine. Our findings reveal that endothelial Hb α functions as an endogenous scavenger of NO in the pulmonary endothelium. Targeting this pathway may offer a novel therapeutic target to increase endogenous levels of NO in PH.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomimetic Materials/pharmacology
- Coculture Techniques
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Female
- Hemoglobin A/biosynthesis
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- Rats
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Vasodilation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Alvarez
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; and
| | | | | | - Joseph C. Galley
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
| | | | - Timothy Bachman
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jian Hu
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John Sembrat
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dmitry Goncharov
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ana L. Mora
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Elena Goncharova
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Adam C. Straub
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
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31
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Yoo EJ, Cao G, Koziol‐White CJ, Ojiaku CA, Sunder K, Jude JA, Michael JV, Lam H, Pushkarsky I, Damoiseaux R, Di Carlo D, Ahn K, An SS, Penn RB, Panettieri RA. Gα 12 facilitates shortening in human airway smooth muscle by modulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase-mediated activation in a RhoA-dependent manner. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4383-4395. [PMID: 28921504 PMCID: PMC5715591 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE PI3K-dependent activation of Rho kinase (ROCK) is necessary for agonist-induced human airway smooth muscle cell (HASMC) contraction, and inhibition of PI3K promotes bronchodilation of human small airways. The mechanisms driving agonist-mediated PI3K/ROCK axis activation, however, remain unclear. Given that G12 family proteins activate ROCK pathways in other cell types, their role in M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-stimulated PI3K/ROCK activation and contraction was examined. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Gα12 coupling was evaluated using co-immunoprecipitation and serum response element (SRE)-luciferase reporter assays. siRNA and pharmacological approaches, as well as overexpression of a regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins were applied in HASMCs. Phosphorylation levels of Akt, myosin phosphatase targeting subunit-1 (MYPT1), and myosin light chain-20 (MLC) were measured. Contraction and shortening were evaluated using magnetic twisting cytometry (MTC) and micro-pattern deformation, respectively. Human precision-cut lung slices (hPCLS) were utilized to evaluate bronchoconstriction. KEY RESULTS Knockdown of M3 receptors or Gα12 attenuated activation of Akt, MYPT1, and MLC phosphorylation. Gα12 coimmunoprecipitated with M3 receptors, and p115RhoGEF-RGS overexpression inhibited carbachol-mediated induction of SRE-luciferase reporter. p115RhoGEF-RGS overexpression inhibited carbachol-induced activation of Akt, HASMC contraction, and shortening. Moreover, inhibition of RhoA blunted activation of PI3K. Lastly, RhoA inhibitors induced dilation of hPCLS. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Gα12 plays a crucial role in HASMC contraction via RhoA-dependent activation of the PI3K/ROCK axis. Inhibition of RhoA activation induces bronchodilation in hPCLS, and targeting Gα12 signaling may elucidate novel therapeutic targets in asthma. These findings provide alternative approaches to the clinical management of airway obstruction in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin J Yoo
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health InstituteRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - Gaoyuan Cao
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health InstituteRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - Cynthia J Koziol‐White
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health InstituteRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - Christie A Ojiaku
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health InstituteRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - Krishna Sunder
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health InstituteRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - Joseph A Jude
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health InstituteRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - James V Michael
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Jane and Leonard Korman Lung CenterThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Hong Lam
- Department of Environmental Health and EngineeringJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Ivan Pushkarsky
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medicinal PharmacologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- California NanoSystems InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- California NanoSystems InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Kwangmi Ahn
- National Institute of Mental HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Steven S An
- Department of Environmental Health and EngineeringJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Raymond B Penn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Jane and Leonard Korman Lung CenterThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health InstituteRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
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32
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Dihydromyricetin prevents monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:825-833. [PMID: 29078260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a chronic and deadly disease, for which effective medical treatments are lacking. Here, we investigated whether 2R,3R-dihydromyricetin (DHM) could prevent monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH in rats. The MCT-injected rats were treated with normal saline or DHM (100mg/kg body weight/d) for 4 weeks, followed by measurements of right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI), pulmonary arterial remodeling (PAR), and expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10. In vitro, we assessed the role of DHM on IL-6-induced migration of primary human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs). We found that DHM treatment attenuated changes in RVSP, RVHI, and PAR in MCT-injected PAH rats. The observed increase of IL-6 levels in PAH rats was inhibited by DHM treatment. In vitro, DHM pretreatment reduced IL-6-induced HPASMC migration. Furthermore, MCT- and IL-6-mediated increases in MMP9 and P-STAT3 (tyr705) PY-STAT3 levels were suppressed by DHM treatment in vivo and in vitro. These results suggest that DHM could prevent MCT-induced rat PAH and IL-6-induced HPASMC migration through a mechanism involving inhibiting of the STAT3/MMP9 axis.
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33
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Reyhani V, Tsioumpekou M, van Wieringen T, Rask L, Lennartsson J, Rubin K. PDGF-BB enhances collagen gel contraction through a PI3K-PLCγ-PKC-cofilin pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8924. [PMID: 28827622 PMCID: PMC5566449 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-mediated contraction of collagenous matrices is modulated by various growth factors and cytokines, such as platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). Here we used a genetic cell model to delineate defined signaling pathways that enhance collagen gel contraction downstream of ligand-stimulated platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGF-Rβ). Our data show that PDGF BB-enhanced activations of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase (PI3K) and phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) were necessary for PDGF-enhanced collagen gel contraction. Importantly, other defined signaling pathways down-stream of PDGF-Rβ were, however, dispensable. The decisive roles for PI3K and PLCγ were corroborated by experiments using selective inhibitors. Furthermore, we show that de-phosphorylation and thereby activation of cofilin that is important for the turnover of actin filaments, is depended on PI3K and PLCγ down-stream of PDGF-Rβ. Moreover, inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) by GÖ6976 and bisindolylmaleimide-II abolished cofilin de-phosphorylation, as well as PDGF-enhanced contraction. In contrast, activation of the PKC protein family by 4β-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) did not accelerate collagen gel contraction although it induced long-term cofilin de-phosphorylation, showing the need of a dynamic control of cofilin de-phosphorylation for PDGF-enhanced collagen gel contraction. Taken together, our data point to the involvement of a PI3K/PLCγ-PKC-cofilin pathway in both PDGF-enhanced cofilin de-phosphorylation and PDGF-enhanced collagen gel contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Reyhani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Maria Tsioumpekou
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 595, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tijs van Wieringen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Rask
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Lennartsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 595, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristofer Rubin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Guan Z, Shen L, Liang H, Yu H, Hei B, Meng X, Yang L. Resveratrol inhibits hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery vascular smooth muscle cells by inhibiting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1653-1660. [PMID: 28656233 PMCID: PMC5562090 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a risk factor for severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which aggravates the disease and may cause mortality by inducing hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). Proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) may mediate this effect. Resveratrol is a phenolic compound extracted from a plant and has been reported to alleviate HPH, although the underlying mechanisms remained to be elucidated. In cancer, resveratrol has been reported to abrogate the phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting tumor development. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of resveratrol in preventing PASMCs from proliferating and migrating. Resveratrol was demonstrated to be inhibitory in a dose‑dependent manner on hypoxia‑induced cell proliferation and migration, and protein expression levels of phosphorylated AKT and AKT. Additionally, resveratrol was identified to act synergistically with LY‑294002, a phosphorylation inhibitor of AKT, but antagonistically with insulin‑like growth factor‑1, an agonist of AKT phosphorylation. This suggested that resveratrol may reduce proliferation and migration by diminishing expression and phosphorylation of AKT, thereby preventing development of HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanjiang Guan
- Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Li Shen
- Emergency Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Huan Liang
- Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Bingchang Hei
- Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Xianguo Meng
- Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161099, P.R. China
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35
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Yoo EJ, Ojiaku CA, Sunder K, Panettieri RA. Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Asthma: Novel Roles and Therapeutic Approaches. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 56:700-707. [PMID: 27977296 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0308tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma manifests as airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation, including coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Immune cells and airway structural cells orchestrate asthma pathophysiology, leading to mucus secretion, airway narrowing, and obstruction. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, a lipid kinase, plays a crucial role in many of the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving asthma pathophysiology and represents an attractive therapeutic target. Here, we summarize the diverse roles of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in the pathogenesis of asthma and discuss novel therapeutic approaches to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin J Yoo
- 1 Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and.,2 Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christie A Ojiaku
- 1 Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and.,2 Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Krishna Sunder
- 1 Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- 1 Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and
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36
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Huhtinen A, Hongisto V, Laiho A, Löyttyniemi E, Pijnenburg D, Scheinin M. Gene expression profiles and signaling mechanisms in α 2B-adrenoceptor-evoked proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2017; 11:65. [PMID: 28659168 PMCID: PMC5490158 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-017-0439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α2-adrenoceptors are important regulators of vascular tone and blood pressure. Regulation of cell proliferation is a less well investigated consequence of α2-adrenoceptor activation. We have previously shown that α2B-adrenoceptor activation stimulates proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This may be important for blood vessel development and plasticity and for the pathology and therapeutics of cardiovascular disorders. The underlying cellular mechanisms have remained mostly unknown. This study explored pathways of regulation of gene expression and intracellular signaling related to α2B-adrenoceptor-evoked VSMC proliferation. RESULTS The cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways of α2B-adrenoceptor-evoked proliferation of VSMCs are complex and include redundancy. Functional enrichment analysis and pathway analysis identified differentially expressed genes associated with α2B-adrenoceptor-regulated VSMC proliferation. They included the upregulated genes Egr1, F3, Ptgs2 and Serpine1 and the downregulated genes Cx3cl1, Cav1, Rhoa, Nppb and Prrx1. The most highly upregulated gene, Lypd8, represents a novel finding in the VSMC context. Inhibitor library screening and kinase activity profiling were applied to identify kinases in the involved signaling pathways. Putative upstream kinases identified by two different screens included PKC, Raf-1, Src, the MAP kinases p38 and JNK and the receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and HGF/HGFR. As a novel finding, the Src family kinase Lyn was also identified as a putative upstream kinase. CONCLUSIONS α2B-adrenoceptors may mediate their pro-proliferative effects in VSMCs by promoting the activity of bFGF and PDGF and the growth factor receptors EGFR, HGFR and VEGFR-1/2. The Src family kinase Lyn was also identified as a putative upstream kinase. Lyn is known to be expressed in VSMCs and has been identified as an important regulator of GPCR trafficking and GPCR effects on cell proliferation. Identified Ser/Thr kinases included several PKC isoforms and the β-adrenoceptor kinases 1 and 2. Cross-talk between the signaling mechanisms involved in α2B-adrenoceptor-evoked VSMC proliferation thus appears to involve PKC activation, subsequent changes in gene expression, transactivation of EGFR, and modulation of kinase activities and growth factor-mediated signaling. While many of the identified individual signals were relatively small in terms of effect size, many of them were validated by combining pathway analysis and our integrated screening approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Huhtinen
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Hongisto
- Toxicology Division, Misvik Biology Oy, Turku, Finland
| | - Asta Laiho
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Dirk Pijnenburg
- PamGene International BV, Wolvenhoek 10, 5211HH s’Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Mika Scheinin
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Salvia fruticosa Induces Vasorelaxation In Rat Isolated Thoracic Aorta: Role of the PI3K/Akt/eNOS/NO/cGMP Signaling Pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:686. [PMID: 28386068 PMCID: PMC5429649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00790-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia fruticosa (SF) Mill. is traditionally used for its antihypertensive actions. However, little is known about its pharmacologic and molecular mechanisms of action. Here we determined the effects of an ethanolic extract of SF leaves on rings of isolated thoracic aorta from Sprague-Dawley rats. Our results show that SF extract increased nitric oxide production and relaxed endothelium-intact rings in a dose-dependent (0.3 µg/ml–1 mg/ml) manner, and the maximum arterial relaxation (Rmax) was significantly reduced with endothelium denudation. Pretreatment of endothelium-intact rings with L-NAME (a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, 100 µM), or ODQ (an inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase, 10 µM) significantly diminished SF-mediated vasorelaxation. Furthermore, SF induced Akt phosphorylation as well as increased cGMP levels in rings treated with increasing doses of SF. Prior exposure to PI3K inhibitors, wortmannin (0.1 µM) or LY294002 (10 µM), decreased cGMP accumulation and attenuated the SF-induced vasorelaxation by approximately 50% (Rmax). SF-evoked relaxation was not affected by indomethacin, verapamil, glibenclamide, tetraethylammonium, pyrilamine or atropine. Taken together, our results indicate that SF induces endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS/NO/sGC/cGMP signaling pathway. Our data illustrate the health-orientated benefits of consuming SF which may act as an antihypertensive agent to reduce the burden of cardiovascular complications.
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Segura-Ibarra V, Amione-Guerra J, Cruz-Solbes AS, Cara FE, Iruegas-Nunez DA, Wu S, Youker KA, Bhimaraj A, Torre-Amione G, Ferrari M, Karmouty-Quintana H, Guha A, Blanco E. Rapamycin nanoparticles localize in diseased lung vasculature and prevent pulmonary arterial hypertension. Int J Pharm 2017; 524:257-267. [PMID: 28359821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling resulting from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) leads to endothelial fenestrations. This feature can be exploited by nanoparticles (NP), allowing them to extravasate from circulation and accumulate in remodeled pulmonary vessels. Hyperactivation of the mTOR pathway in PAH drives pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. We hypothesized that rapamycin (RAP)-loaded NPs, an mTOR inhibitor, would accumulate in diseased lungs, selectively targeting vascular mTOR and preventing PAH progression. RAP poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG-PCL) NPs were fabricated. NP accumulation and efficacy were examined in a rat monocrotaline model of PAH. Following intravenous (IV) administration, NP accumulation in diseased lungs was verified via LC/MS analysis and confocal imaging. Pulmonary arteriole thickness, right ventricular systolic pressures, and ventricular remodeling were determined to assess the therapeutic potential of RAP NPs. Monocrotaline-exposed rats showed increased NP accumulation within lungs compared to healthy controls, with NPs present to a high extent within pulmonary perivascular regions. RAP, in both free and NP form, attenuated PAH development, with histological analysis revealing minimal changes in pulmonary arteriole thickness and no ventricular remodeling. Importantly, NP-treated rats showed reduced systemic side effects compared to free RAP. This study demonstrates the potential for nanoparticles to significantly impact PAH through site-specific delivery of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Segura-Ibarra
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL 64710, Mexico.
| | - Javier Amione-Guerra
- Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ana S Cruz-Solbes
- Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Francisca E Cara
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - David A Iruegas-Nunez
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL 64710, Mexico.
| | - Suhong Wu
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Keith A Youker
- Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Arvind Bhimaraj
- Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Guillermo Torre-Amione
- Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Catedra de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL 66278, Mexico.
| | - Mauro Ferrari
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ashrith Guha
- Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Elvin Blanco
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Peng G, Xu J, Liu R, Fu Z, Li S, Hong W, Chen J, Li B, Ran P. Isolation, culture and identification of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells from rat distal pulmonary arteries. Cytotechnology 2017; 69:831-840. [PMID: 28321780 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The culture of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is one of the most powerful tools for exploring the mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Both pulmonary vasoconstriction and remodeling occur predominantly in distal pulmonary arteries (PA). In this study, we provide our detailed and standardized protocol for easy isolation and culture of PASMCs from rat distal PA to supply every investigator with a simple, economical and useful method in studying PH. The protocol can be divided into four stages: isolation of distal PA, isolation of cells, growth in culture and passage of cells. Rat distal PASMCs were characterized by morphological activity and by immunostaining for smooth muscle α-actin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, but not for CD90/Thy-1 or von Willebrand factor. Furthermore, functional assessments were performed, confirming the presence of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and physiological characteristic of response to hypoxia. In conclusion, we have developed a detailed and simple protocol for obtaining rat distal PASMCs. These PASMCs exhibit features consistent with vascular smooth muscle cells, and they could subsequently be used to further explore the pathophysiological mechanisms of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongyong Peng
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Juan Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongmin Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenli Fu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxing Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hong
- The Research Center of Experiment Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinglong Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- The Research Center of Experiment Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Pixin Ran
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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40
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Cho JR, Lee CY, Lee J, Seo HH, Choi E, Chung N, Kim SM, Hwang KC, Lee S. MicroRNA-761 inhibits Angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration by targeting mammalian target of rapamycin. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 63:45-56. [PMID: 26444612 DOI: 10.3233/ch-151981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration are a major pathological phenomenon in vascular disease characterized by intimal thickening. The important role of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in VSMC proliferation has been previously reported. Consequently, down-regulation of mTOR pathway may be an effective way of controlling excessive VSMC proliferation. Since microRNAs (miRNA) are newly emerging regulators of virtually all the biological processes including cellular proliferation, miRNAs targeting mTOR pathway may be utilized to suppress aberrant VSMC proliferation during pathologic conditions. Thus, in the present study, we screened miRNAs targeting mTOR, and we identified miR-761 as a new mTOR targeting miRNA. Luciferase assay using luciferase vector containing 3'UTR of mTOR indicated that miR-761 directly targets mTOR mRNA leading to suppression of mTOR protein expression. Our data also indicate that miR-761 expression decreases during angiotensin II (AngII)-induced proliferation of VSMCs, and exogenous miR-761 delivery effectively inhibit the AngII-induced VSMC proliferation. Additionally, the results of migration tests demonstrate that down-regulation of mTOR using exogenous miR-761 suppresses AngII-induced migration of VSMCs as well. Taken together, the present study provided evidence that miR-761 can be a potent anti-proliferative agent for vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and restenosis, and warrants further studies to validate the effectiveness of miR-761 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Rae Cho
- Department of Medicine, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Cardiology Division, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunhyun Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea
| | - Namsik Chung
- Department of Medicine, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Man Kim
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea.,Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, Korea
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41
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Pullamsetti SS, Savai R, Seeger W, Goncharova EA. Translational Advances in the Field of Pulmonary Hypertension. From Cancer Biology to New Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Therapeutics. Targeting Cell Growth and Proliferation Signaling Hubs. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:425-437. [PMID: 27627135 PMCID: PMC5803657 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201606-1226pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
- Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
- Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
- Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Elena A. Goncharova
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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42
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Zhu Y, Wu Y, Shi W, Wang J, Yan X, Wang Q, Liu Y, Yang L, Gao L, Li M. Inhibition of ubiquitin proteasome function prevents monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial remodeling. Life Sci 2017; 173:36-42. [PMID: 28212825 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Previous study has indicated that inhibition of proteasome function ameliorates the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), while its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study was performed to address these issues. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into five groups: control group, PAH group, vehicle treated PAH group, MG-132 treated PAH group and bortezomib treated PAH group. PAH model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (MCT). MG-132 and bortezomib were administered to inhibit proteasome function. The right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), the right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVHI) and the percentage of medial wall thickness (%MT) were used to evaluate the development of PAH. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to measure vascular remodeling. Immunoblotting was used to determine Akt phosphorylation, expression of PTEN and NEDD4, and the level of ubiquitinated-PTEN protein. KEY FINDINGS MCT increased RVSP, RVHI and %MT in rats, while these changes were suppressed by treatment of PAH rats with MG-132 or bortezomib. In PAH model, expression of PTEN was decreased and phosphorylation of Akt was increased, these were accompanied by an elevation of NEDD4 protein level. Treatment of PAH model with MG-132 or bortezomib increased PTEN expression and accumulation of ubiquitinated-PTEN protein and decreased Akt phosphorylation, while didn't change NEDD4 expression. SIGNIFICANCE Inhibition of proteasome function ameliorates pulmonary arterial remodeling by suppressing UPS-mediated PTEN degradation and subsequent inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway, indicating that UPS might be a novel target for prevention of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinxia Wu
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingting Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
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43
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Song SH, Kim K, Jo EK, Kim YW, Kwon JS, Bae SS, Sung JH, Park SG, Kim JT, Suh W. Fibroblast Growth Factor 12 Is a Novel Regulator of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Fate. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1928-36. [PMID: 27470512 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) modulate their phenotype between synthetic and contractile states in response to environmental changes; this modulation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of restenosis and atherosclerosis. Here, we identified fibroblast growth factor 12 (FGF12) as a novel key regulator of the VSMC phenotype switch. APPROACH AND RESULTS Using murine models and human specimens, we found that FGF12 was highly expressed in contractile VSMCs of normal vessel walls but was downregulated in synthetic VSMCs from injured and atherosclerotic vessels. In human VSMCs, FGF12 expression was inhibited at the transcriptional level by platelet-derived growth factor-BB. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that FGF12 was both necessary and sufficient for inducing and maintaining the quiescent and contractile phenotypes of VSMCs. FGF12 inhibited cell proliferation through the p53 pathway and upregulated the key factors involved in VSMC lineage differentiation, such as myocardin and serum response factor. Such FGF12-induced phenotypic change was mediated by the p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway. Moreover, FGF12 promoted the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells and the transdifferentiation of human dermal fibroblasts into SMC-like cells. Furthermore, adenoviral infection of FGF12 substantially decreased neointima hyperplasia in a rat carotid artery injury model. CONCLUSIONS In general, FGF family members induce a synthetic VSMC phenotype. Interestingly, the present study showed the unanticipated finding that FGF12 belonging to FGF family, strongly induced the quiescent and contractile VSMC phenotypes and directly promoted VSMC lineage differentiation. These novel findings suggested that FGF12 could be a new therapeutic target for treating restenosis and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hwa Song
- From the College of Pharmacy (S.-H.S., K.K., E.-K.J., W.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine (J.T.K.), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.-W.K.); Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea (J.-S.K.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Korea (S.S.B.); College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); STEMORE Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); and College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea (S.G.P.)
| | - Kyungjong Kim
- From the College of Pharmacy (S.-H.S., K.K., E.-K.J., W.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine (J.T.K.), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.-W.K.); Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea (J.-S.K.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Korea (S.S.B.); College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); STEMORE Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); and College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea (S.G.P.)
| | - Eun-Kyung Jo
- From the College of Pharmacy (S.-H.S., K.K., E.-K.J., W.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine (J.T.K.), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.-W.K.); Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea (J.-S.K.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Korea (S.S.B.); College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); STEMORE Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); and College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea (S.G.P.)
| | - Young-Wook Kim
- From the College of Pharmacy (S.-H.S., K.K., E.-K.J., W.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine (J.T.K.), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.-W.K.); Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea (J.-S.K.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Korea (S.S.B.); College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); STEMORE Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); and College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea (S.G.P.)
| | - Jin-Sook Kwon
- From the College of Pharmacy (S.-H.S., K.K., E.-K.J., W.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine (J.T.K.), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.-W.K.); Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea (J.-S.K.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Korea (S.S.B.); College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); STEMORE Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); and College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea (S.G.P.)
| | - Sun Sik Bae
- From the College of Pharmacy (S.-H.S., K.K., E.-K.J., W.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine (J.T.K.), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.-W.K.); Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea (J.-S.K.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Korea (S.S.B.); College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); STEMORE Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); and College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea (S.G.P.)
| | - Jong-Hyuk Sung
- From the College of Pharmacy (S.-H.S., K.K., E.-K.J., W.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine (J.T.K.), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.-W.K.); Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea (J.-S.K.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Korea (S.S.B.); College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); STEMORE Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); and College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea (S.G.P.)
| | - Sang Gyu Park
- From the College of Pharmacy (S.-H.S., K.K., E.-K.J., W.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine (J.T.K.), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.-W.K.); Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea (J.-S.K.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Korea (S.S.B.); College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); STEMORE Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); and College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea (S.G.P.)
| | - Jee Taek Kim
- From the College of Pharmacy (S.-H.S., K.K., E.-K.J., W.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine (J.T.K.), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.-W.K.); Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea (J.-S.K.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Korea (S.S.B.); College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); STEMORE Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); and College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea (S.G.P.)
| | - Wonhee Suh
- From the College of Pharmacy (S.-H.S., K.K., E.-K.J., W.S.), Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine (J.T.K.), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Y.-W.K.); Division of Cardiovascular and Rare Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea (J.-S.K.); Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Korea (S.S.B.); College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); STEMORE Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea (J.-H.S.); and College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea (S.G.P.).
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Xia XD, Lee J, Khan S, Ye L, Li Y, Dong L. Suppression of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Attenuates Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension Through the Downregulation of Lysyl Oxidase. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:599-606. [PMID: 27383273 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a copper-dependent enzyme that catalyzes covalent cross-linking of collagen. In response to hypoxia, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is activated and contributes to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, potential role of LOX in hypoxia-induced PAH is poorly understood. In this study, we explored the mechanism responsible for the development of hypoxia-induced PAH. Potent inhibitors of PI3K/Akt and LOX, wortmannin and β-aminopropionitrile (β-APN), were administrated in rat model of hypoxia-induced PAH. The cross-linking of collagen was assessed by the determination of hydroxyproline. LOX, LOXL-1, LOXL-2, LOXL-3, LOXL-4, Akt, and phospho-Akt expression was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. We observed that collagen cross-linking and LOX activity were elevated in hypoxia-exposed rat lung tissue, but these effects were reversed by β-APN and wortmannin. In addition, exposure to hypoxia enhanced mRNA and protein expression and activity of LOX and LOXL-1 in a PI3K/Akt-dependent manner and induced the development of PAH. After the administration of wortmannin, the upregulation of LOX and cross-linking of collagen were significantly reversed in hypoxia-exposed rat pulmonary artery tissue. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that the upregulation of LOX expression and collagen cross-linking is PI3K/Akt dependent in rat with hypoxia-induced PAH. Suppression of PI3K/Akt pathway may alleviate hypoxia-induced PAH through the downregulation of LOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Xia
- 1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan, China .,2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China
| | - Jasmine Lee
- 3 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Free and Barnet Hospital , London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sajid Khan
- 3 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Free and Barnet Hospital , London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leping Ye
- 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuan Li
- 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang Dong
- 1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan, China
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45
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Wang P, Xu J, Hou Z, Wang F, Song Y, Wang J, Zhu H, Jin H. miRNA-34a promotes proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells by targeting PDGFRA. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:484-93. [PMID: 27302634 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fast progressing vascular disease characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Some studies have suggested that PAH and cancers share an apoptosis-resistant state, featuring excessive cell proliferation. The miR-34 family consists of tumour-suppressive miRNAs, and its reduced expression has been reported in numerous cancers; however, its role in hypoxia-induced PAH has not been previously studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS miR-34 family expression was evaluated in a rat model with hypoxia and in cultured hypoxic PASMCs, using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Function of miR-34 family was assessed by transfecting miR-34 mimics and inhibitors. Dual luciferase reporter gene assays, RT-qPCR and Western blotting were performed to validate target genes of miR-34. RESULTS Significant down-regulation of miR-34a in hypoxic lung tissue, pulmonary artery and PASMCs was identified and then effects of miR-34a in modulating cell proliferation in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs) was investigated in vitro. Reduction of miR-34a levels in hPASMCs caused increased proliferation and these effects were reversed by overexpression of miR-34a. miR-34a overexpression down-regulated platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) expression, which is a key factor in PAH development. These results suggest that miR-34a is a potential regulator of proliferation in PASMCs, and that it could be used as a novel treatment strategy in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiling Hou
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yingli Song
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbo Jin
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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46
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Wu HJ, Wu HB, Zhao YQ, Chen LJ, Zou HZ. Bergamottin isolated from Citrus bergamia exerts in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity in lung adenocarcinoma through the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial membrane potential loss and inhibition of cell migration and invasion. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:324-32. [PMID: 27222242 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties of bergamottin, a natural furanocoumarin, against human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) A549 cells. We also studied its effect on cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, cell invasion, cell migration as well as cell apoptosis. Antiproliferative activity of bergamottin was estimated by the MTT assay. Phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy as well as flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC assay were used to study induction of apoptosis by bergamottin in these cells. The effects of bergamottin on cell cycle phase distribution as well as on mitochondrial membrane potential were also demonstrated using flow cytometry. In vitro wound healing assay was used to study the effect of bergamottin on cell migration. The effects of bergamottin on tumor progression were also observed using a nude mouse model. The mice were divided into 4 groups and treated with bergamottin injected intraperitoneally. Bergamottin induced dose-dependent as well as time-dependent cytotoxic effects as well as inhibition of colony formation in the A549 cancer cells. Bergamottin also suppressed cancer cell invasion as well as cancer cell migration. Phase contrast microscopy and fluorescence microscopy revealed that bergamottin induced cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation and the cells became rounded and detached from each other. Bergamottin also induced a potent cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Experiments in mice showed that 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg bergamottin injection reduced the tumor weight from 1.61 g in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated group (control) to 1.21, 0.42 and 0.15 g in the bergamottin-treated groups, respectively. The results of the present study revealed that bergamottin was able to inhibit lung cancer cell growth both in a cell model and a xenograft mouse model by inducing apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, G2/M cell cycle arrest as well as inhibiting cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Juan Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Tumor Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Bo Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Tumor Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qiu Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Tumor Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Li-Juan Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Tumor Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhi Zou
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Tumor Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
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47
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Zhao J, Jian L, Zhang L, Ding T, Li X, Cheng D, Niu S, Sun L, Li E, Liu S, Jiang Y, Liu L. Knockdown of SCARA5 inhibits PDGF-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration through suppression of the PDGF signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4455-60. [PMID: 27035566 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration are critical in the progression of atherosclerosis and can be induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Several studies have demonstrated that scavenger receptor class A, member 5 (SCARA5) is important in cancer cell migration and invasion. However, the role of SCARA5 in VSMCs remains to be elucidated in the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the role of SCARA5 was investigated in PDGF‑BB‑stimulated VSMC proliferation and migration. In the present study, it was shown that SCARA5 expression was enhanced by PDGF‑BB in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Knockdown of SCARA5 by small interfering (si)RNA significantly inhibited PDGF‑BB‑induced HASMC proliferation and migration. Furthermore, siRNA‑SCARA5 significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of PDGF receptor (PDGFR) β, AKT and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 in PDGF‑BB‑stimulated HASMCs. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that knockdown of SCARA5 inhibits PDGF‑BB‑induced HASMC proliferation and migration through suppression of the PDGF signaling pathway. Thus, SCARA5 may be a novel therapeutic target for preventing or treating vascular diseases involving VSMC proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Zhao
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Liguo Jian
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Tongbin Ding
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Cheng
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Shaohui Niu
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Liqiang Sun
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - En Li
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Shichao Liu
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Youxu Jiang
- The Second Ward of Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
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48
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Signal Mechanisms of Vascular Remodeling in the Development of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 67:182-90. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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49
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Mitofusin 2 Downregulation Triggers Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis Imbalance in Rats With Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension Via the PI3K/Akt and Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathways. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 67:164-74. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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Wei C, Li HZ, Wang YH, Peng X, Shao HJ, Li HX, Bai SZ, Lu XX, Wu LY, Wang R, Xu CQ. Exogenous spermine inhibits the proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells caused by chemically-induced hypoxia via the suppression of the ERK1/2- and PI3K/AKT-associated pathways. Int J Mol Med 2015; 37:39-46. [PMID: 26572277 PMCID: PMC4687431 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling is a significant pathological feature of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH), while pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation plays a leading role in pulmonary vascular remodeling. Spermine (Sp), a polyamine, plays a critical role in periodic cell proliferation and apoptosis. The present study was conducted to observe the association between hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and polyamine metabolism, and to explore the effects of exogenous Sp on PASMC poliferation and the related mechanisms. In the present study, PASMCs were cultured with cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to establish a hypoxia model, and Sp at various final concentrations (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 µM) was added to the medium of PASMCs 40 min prior to the induction of hypoxia. Cell proliferation was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, cell counting kit-8 assay and 5-bromo‑2'‑deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay. Cell cycle progression was determined by flow cytometry, and the protein expression levels of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT; the key enzyme in the terminal degradation of polyamine), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC; the key enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis), cyclin D1 and p27 were measured by western blot analysis. The results revealed that the proliferation of the PASMCs cultured with CoCl2 at 50 µM for 24 h markedly increased. The expression of ODC was decreased and the expression of SSAT was increased in the cells under hypoxic conditions. Exogenous Sp at concentrations of 1 and 10 µM significantly inhibited hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation, leading to cell cycle arrest at the G1/G0 phase. In addition, Sp decreased cyclin D1 expression, increased p27 expression, and suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT); however, the above-metioned parameters were not markedly affected by Sp at concentrations of 0.1 or 100 µM. These results suggest that hypoxia disrupts polyamine metabolism, and Sp at concentrations of 1 and 10 µM inhibits the increase in human PASMC proliferation caused by chemically-induced hypoxia via the suppression of the ERK1/2- and PI3K/AKT-associated pathways. This study thus offer new insight into the prevention and treatment of HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Hong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xue Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Jiang Shao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Xia Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Zhi Bai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Lu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Yun Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Qing Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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