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Niedermeyer S, Yun X, Trujillo M, Jiang H, Andrade MR, Kolb TM, Suresh K, Damarla M, Shimoda LA. A novel interaction between aquaporin 1 and caspase-3 in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L638-L645. [PMID: 38375595 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00017.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition in which remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature leads to hypertrophy of the muscular vascular wall and extension of muscle into nonmuscular arteries. These pathological changes are predominantly due to the abnormal proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), enhanced cellular functions that have been linked to increases in the cell membrane protein aquaporin 1 (AQP1). However, the mechanisms underlying the increased AQP1 abundance have not been fully elucidated. Here we present data that establishes a novel interaction between AQP1 and the proteolytic enzyme caspase-3. In silico analysis of the AQP1 protein reveals two caspase-3 cleavage sites on its C-terminal tail, proximal to known ubiquitin sites. Using biotin proximity ligase techniques, we establish that AQP1 and caspase-3 interact in both human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293A cells and rat PASMCs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that AQP1 levels increase and decrease with enhanced caspase-3 activity and inhibition, respectively. Ultimately, further work characterizing this interaction could provide the foundation for novel PH therapeutics.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) are integral to pulmonary vascular remodeling, a characteristic of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PASMCs isolated from robust animal models of disease demonstrate enhanced proliferation and migration, pathological functions associated with increased abundance of the membrane protein aquaporin 1 (AQP1). We present evidence of a novel interaction between the proteolytic enzyme caspase-3 and AQP1, which may control AQP1 abundance. These data suggest a potential new target for novel PAH therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Niedermeyer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Xin Yun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Marielena Trujillo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Manuella R Andrade
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Todd M Kolb
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Karthik Suresh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Mahendra Damarla
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Smith IM, Stroka KM. The multifaceted role of aquaporins in physiological cell migration. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C208-C223. [PMID: 37246634 PMCID: PMC10312321 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00502.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration is an essential process that underlies many physiological processes, including the immune response, organogenesis in the embryo, and angiogenesis, as well as pathological processes such as cancer metastasis. Cells have at their disposal a variety of migratory behaviors and mechanisms that seem to be specific to cell type and the microenvironment. Research over the past two decades has elucidated the water channel protein family of aquaporins (AQPs) as a regulator of many cell migration-related processes, from physical phenomena to biological signaling pathways. The roles that AQPs play in cell migration are both cell type- and isoform-specific; thus, a large swath of information has accumulated as researchers seek to identify the responses across these distinct variables. There does not seem to be a universal role that AQPs play in cell migration; the complex interplay between AQPs and cell volume management, signaling pathway activation, and in a few identified circumstances, gene expression regulation, has shown the intricate, and perhaps paradoxical, role of AQPs in cell migration. The objective of this review is to provide an organized and integrated collection of recent work that has elucidated the many mechanisms by which AQPs regulate cell migration.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Research has elucidated the water channel protein family of aquaporins (AQPs) as a regulator of many cell migration-related processes, from physical phenomena to biological signaling pathways. The roles that AQPs play in cell migration are both cell type- and isoform-specific; thus, a large swath of information has accumulated as researchers seek to identify the responses across these distinct variables. This review compiles insights into the recent findings linking AQPs to physiological cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Smith
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States
| | - Kimberly M Stroka
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Biophysics Program, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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3
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Jo M, Trujillo AN, Shibahara N, Breslin JW. Impact of Goreisan components on rat mesenteric collecting lymphatic vessel pumping. Microcirculation 2023; 30:e12788. [PMID: 36169611 PMCID: PMC10043042 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Goreisan is a traditional herbal formulation with diuretic properties tested as a clinical therapeutic to alleviate lymphedema in Japan. The present study aimed to determine how Goreisan and its five different components affect lymphatic pump function. METHODS Mesenteric collecting lymphatics were isolated from anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats and mounted on resistance-matched glass micropipettes in a 37°C physiological salt solution bath for studies. Diameter was continuously measured to obtain the following lymphatic pump parameters: contraction frequency (CF), end diastolic diameter (EDD), and end systolic diameter (ESD), contraction amplitude (AMP), ejection fraction (EF), and fractional pump flow (FPF). Goreisan and each of its components (Cinnamomi Cortex, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Alismatis Rhizoma, Polyporus, and Poria) were applied to the bath at concentrations of 1-30 μg/mL. RESULTS The results show that while Goreisan causes no significant changes to lymphatic pumping, Alismatis Rhizoma and Polyporus each significantly reduce CF and FPF. In addition, rats that received oral administration of Goreisan and Alismatis Rhizoma for 1 week had elevated expression of VEGFR-3 in their mesenteric collecting lymphatics. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the results suggest that some components of Goreisan have a direct, rapid impact on lymphatic pumping. These findings provide new insights but also raise new questions about the therapeutic potential of Goreisan in patients with secondary lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Jo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
- Division of Presymptomatic Disease, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Andrea N. Trujillo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Naotoshi Shibahara
- Kampo Education and Training Center, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Jerome W. Breslin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
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4
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Wagner K, Unger L, Salman MM, Kitchen P, Bill RM, Yool AJ. Signaling Mechanisms and Pharmacological Modulators Governing Diverse Aquaporin Functions in Human Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1388. [PMID: 35163313 PMCID: PMC8836214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of small integral membrane proteins that facilitate the bidirectional transport of water across biological membranes in response to osmotic pressure gradients as well as enable the transmembrane diffusion of small neutral solutes (such as urea, glycerol, and hydrogen peroxide) and ions. AQPs are expressed throughout the human body. Here, we review their key roles in fluid homeostasis, glandular secretions, signal transduction and sensation, barrier function, immunity and inflammation, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Evidence from a wide variety of studies now supports a view of the functions of AQPs being much more complex than simply mediating the passive flow of water across biological membranes. The discovery and development of small-molecule AQP inhibitors for research use and therapeutic development will lead to new insights into the basic biology of and novel treatments for the wide range of AQP-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Wagner
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Lucas Unger
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Mootaz M. Salman
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK;
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Philip Kitchen
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Roslyn M. Bill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Andrea J. Yool
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
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5
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Yun X, Philip NM, Jiang H, Smith Z, Huetsch JC, Damarla M, Suresh K, Shimoda LA. Upregulation of Aquaporin 1 Mediates Increased Migration and Proliferation in Pulmonary Vascular Cells From the Rat SU5416/Hypoxia Model of Pulmonary Hypertension. Front Physiol 2021; 12:763444. [PMID: 34975522 PMCID: PMC8718640 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.763444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder characterized by exuberant vascular remodeling leading to elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, maladaptive right ventricular remodeling, and eventual death. The factors controlling pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) and endothelial cell hyperplasia and migration, hallmark features of the vascular remodeling observed in PAH, remain poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that hypoxia upregulates the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1), a water channel, in PASMCs, and that this upregulation was required for hypoxia-induced migration and proliferation. However, whether the same is true in a model of severe PAH and in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) is unknown. In this study, we used the SU5416 plus hypoxia (SuHx) rat model of severe pulmonary hypertension, which mimics many of the features of human PAH, to determine whether AQP1 levels were altered in PASMCs and MVECs and contributed to a hyperproliferative/hypermigratory phenotype. Rats received a single injection of SU5416 (20 mg/kg) and then were placed in 10% O2 for 3 weeks, followed by a return to normoxic conditions for an additional 2 weeks. We found that AQP1 protein levels were increased in both PASMCs and MVECs from SuHx rats, even in the absence of sustained hypoxic exposure, and that in MVECs, the increase in protein expression was associated with upregulation of AQP1 mRNA levels. Silencing of AQP1 had no significant effect on PASMCs from control animals but normalized enhanced migration and proliferation observed in cells from SuHx rats. Loss of AQP1 also reduced migration and proliferation in MVECs from SuHx rats. Finally, augmenting AQP1 levels in MVECs from control rats using forced expression was sufficient to increase migration and proliferation. These results demonstrate a key role for enhanced AQP1 expression in mediating abnormal migration and proliferation in pulmonary vascular cells from a rodent model that reflects many of the features of human PAH.
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Hu W, Zhao F, Chen L, Ni J, Jiang Y. NAADP-induced intracellular calcium ion is mediated by the TPCs (two-pore channels) in hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7485-7499. [PMID: 34263977 PMCID: PMC8335677 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a form of obstructive vascular disease. Chronic hypoxic exposure leads to excessive proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. This condition can potentially be aggravated by [Ca2+] i mobilization. In the present study, hypoxia exposure of rat's model was established. Two‐pore segment channels (TPCs) silencing was achieved in rats' models by injecting Lsh‐TPC1 or Lsh‐TPC2. The effects of TPC1/2 silencing on PAH were evaluated by H&E staining detecting pulmonary artery wall thickness and ELISA assay kit detecting NAADP concentrations in lung tissues. TPC1/2 silencing was achieved in PASMCs and PAECs, and cell proliferation was detected by MTT and BrdU incorporation assays. As the results shown, NAADP‐activated [Ca2+]i shows to be mediated via two‐pore segment channels (TPCs) in PASMCs, with TPC1 being the dominant subtype. NAADP generation and TPC1/2 mRNA and protein levels were elevated in the hypoxia‐induced rat PAH model; NAADP was positively correlated with TPC1 and TPC2 expression, respectively. In vivo, Lsh‐TPC1 or Lsh‐TPC2 infection significantly improved the mean pulmonary artery pressure and PAH morphology. In vitro, TPC1 silencing inhibited NAADP‐AM‐induced PASMC proliferation and [Ca2+]i in PASMCs, whereas TPC2 silencing had minor effects during this process; TPC2 silencing attenuated NAADP‐AM‐ induced [Ca2+]i and ECM in endothelial cells, whereas TPC1 silencing barely ensued any physiological changes. In conclusion, TPC1/2 might provide a unifying mechanism within pulmonary arterial hypertension, which can potentially be regarded as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hu
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jiamin Ni
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yongliang Jiang
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
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7
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Shimoda LA. Cellular Pathways Promoting Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling by Hypoxia. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 35:222-233. [PMID: 32490752 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00039.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to hypoxia increases pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and, potentially, right heart failure. Vascular remodeling is an important contributor to the increased pulmonary vascular resistance. Hyperproliferation of smooth muscle, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts, and deposition of extracellular matrix lead to increased wall thickness, extension of muscle into normally non-muscular arterioles, and vascular stiffening. This review highlights intrinsic and extrinsic modulators contributing to the remodeling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa A Shimoda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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8
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Liu P, Huang W, Ding Y, Wu J, Liang Z, Huang Z, Xie W, Kong H. Fasudil Dichloroacetate Alleviates SU5416/Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Ameliorating Dysfunction of Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:1653-1666. [PMID: 33935492 PMCID: PMC8076841 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s297500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an incurable disease that urgently needs therapeutic approaches. Based on the therapeutic effects of fasudil and dichloroacetate (DCA) on PAH, we aimed to explore the effects and potential mechanism of a new salt, fasudil dichloroacetate (FDCA), in a SU5416 plus hypoxia (SuHx)-induced rat model of PAH. Methods The rat model of PAH was established by a single subcutaneous injection of SU5416 (20 mg/kg) followed by hypoxia (10% O2) exposure for 3 weeks. FDCA (15, 45, or 135 mg/kg i.g. daily) or the positive control, bosentan (100 mg/kg i.g. daily), were administered from the first day after SU5416 injection. After 3-week hypoxia, hemodynamic parameters, and histological changes of the pulmonary arterial vessels and right ventricle (RV) were assessed. Additionally, in vitro, the effects of FDCA (50 μM), compared with equimolar doses of fasudil, DCA, or fasudil+DCA, on the proliferation, migration, and contraction of human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) under hypoxia (1% O2) were evaluated. Results FDCA dose-dependently attenuated SuHx-induced PAH, with significant reductions in RV systolic pressure, pulmonary artery wall thickness, pulmonary vessel muscularization, perivascular fibrosis, as well as RV hypertrophy and fibrosis. In vitro, FDCA inhibited hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation, migration, and contraction to a greater degree than fasudil or DCA alone by restoring mitochondrial function, reducing intracellular Ca2+, and inhibiting calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (Ca2+/CaMK) activity as well as Rho-kinase activity. Conclusion FDCA ameliorates hypoxia-induced PASMC dysfunction by inhibiting both Ca2+/CaMK and Rho-kinase signaling pathways, as well as maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, thus alleviating SuHx-induced PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yirui Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
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Systematic analysis of molecular mechanism of resveratrol for treating pulmonary hypertension based on network pharmacology technology. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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10
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Jiang Y, Wang C, Ma R, Zhao Y, Ma X, Wan J, Li C, Chen F, Fang F, Li M. Aquaporin 1 mediates early responses to osmotic stimuli in endothelial cells via the calmodulin pathway. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 11:75-84. [PMID: 33125833 PMCID: PMC7780103 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of integral membrane proteins which play critical roles in controlling transcellular water movement in various tissues throughout the body. AQP1 helps mediate the cellular response to osmotic stress and tissue water permeability. However, the mechanism by which AQP1 mediates changes in cell volume is not completely clear. Here, we investigated how AQP1 responds to and controls cell volume upon osmotic stimuli during the early phase after the immediate response. Cells overexpressing AQP1 were exposed to hypotonic or hypertonic medium in the presence or absence of staurosporine or W-7 hydrochloride, and fluorescence imaging was performed at 0, 5, 10, and 15 min later. Osmotic stimuli induced redistribution of AQP1 into the cell membrane, hypotonic stimuli caused cell enlargement, and hypertonic stimuli induced a reduction in cell size, which was blocked by T157A/T239A mutations. Changes in cell size induced by osmotic stimuli were blocked by an antagonist of calmodulin kinase, W-7 hydrochloride, but not by the PKC inhibitor staurosporine. These results suggest that calmodulin kinase regulates AQP1 activity during the early response to osmotic stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, China
| | - Chengqi Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jilin Medical University, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Jilin Central Hospital, China
| | - Xinyue Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, China
| | - Jiaxin Wan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, China
| | - Fanghao Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jilin Medical University, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, China
| | - Mingguang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, China
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11
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Aquaporin 1 promotes sensitivity of anthracycline chemotherapy in breast cancer by inhibiting β-catenin degradation to enhance TopoIIα activity. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:382-400. [PMID: 32814878 PMCID: PMC7852611 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00607-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines are a class of conventional and commonly used frontline chemotherapy drugs to treat breast cancer. However, the anthracycline-based regimens can only reduce breast cancer mortality by 20–30%. Furthermore, there is no appropriate biomarker for predicting responses to this kind of chemotherapy currently. Here we report our findings that may fill this gap by showing the AQP1 (Aquaporin1) protein as a potential response predictor in the anthracycline chemotherapy. We showed that breast cancer patients with a high level of AQP1 expression who underwent the anthracycline treatment had a better clinical outcome relative to those with a low level of AQP1 expression. In the exploration of the underlying mechanisms, we found that the AQP1 and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) competitively interacted with the 12 armadillo repeats of β-catenin, followed by the inhibition of the β-catenin degradation that led to β-catenin’s accumulation in the cytoplasm and nuclear translocation. The nuclear β-catenin interacted with TopoIIα and enhanced TopoIIα’s activity, which resulted in a high sensitivity of breast cancer cells to anthracyclines. We also found, the miR-320a-3p can attenuate the anthracycline’s chemosensitivity by inhibiting the AQP1 expression. Taken together, our findings suggest the efficacy of AQP1 as a response predictor in the anthracycline chemotherapy. The application of our study includes, but is not limited to, facilitating screening of the most appropriate breast cancer patients (who have a high AQP1 expression) for better anthracycline chemotherapy and improved prognosis purposes.
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12
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The Role and Regulation of Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells in Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Hypertens 2020; 2020:1478291. [PMID: 32850144 PMCID: PMC7441461 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1478291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is one of the most devastating cardiovascular diseases worldwide and it draws much attention from numerous scientists. As an indispensable part of pulmonary artery, smooth muscle cells are worthy of being carefully investigated. To elucidate the pathogenesis of PH, several theories focusing on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC), such as hyperproliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and cancer theory, have been proposed and widely studied. Here, we tried to summarize the studies, concentrating on the role of PASMC in the development of PH, feasible molecular basis to intervene, and potential treatment to PH.
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13
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Vassiliou AG, Keskinidou C, Kotanidou A, Frantzeskaki F, Dimopoulou I, Langleben D, Orfanos SE. Knockdown of bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor leads to decreased aquaporin 1 expression and function in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:834-839. [PMID: 32687728 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were once considered only to have a role in bone formation. It is now known that they have pivotal roles in other organ diseases, including heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), where genetic mutations in the type II BMP receptor (BMPR2) are the commonest cause of receptor dysfunction. However, it has also recently been demonstrated that aquaporin 1 (Aqp1) dysfunction may contribute to PAH, highlighting that PAH development may involve more than one pathogenic pathway. Whether reduction in BMPR2 affects Aqp1 is unknown. We therefore studied Aqp1 in BMPR2-silenced human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). We demonstrated reduced Aqp1 mRNA, protein, and function in the BMPR2-silenced cells. Additionally, BMPR2-silenced cells exhibited lower expression of BMP-signaling molecules. In conclusion, decreased BMPR2 appears to affect Aqp1 at the mRNA, protein, and functional levels. This observation may identify a contributory mechanism for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice G Vassiliou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysi Keskinidou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Medical School of Democritus University of Thrace, 6th km Alexandroupolis-Dragana, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Frantzeska Frantzeskaki
- Second Department of Critical Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Dimopoulou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - David Langleben
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Azrieli Heart Center, and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Stylianos E Orfanos
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Second Department of Critical Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" Hospital, Athens, Greece
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14
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Kinoshita D, Shishido T, Takahashi T, Yokoyama M, Sugai T, Watanabe K, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, Arimoto T, Miyamoto T, Watanabe T, Kishida S, Kadomatsu K, Abe JI, Takeishi Y, Konta T, Kubota I, Watanabe M. Growth Factor Midkine Aggravates Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension via Surface Nucleolin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10345. [PMID: 32587339 PMCID: PMC7316741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive fatal disease caused by pulmonary arterial remodeling. Midkine regulates cell proliferation and migration, and it is induced by hypoxia, but its roles in pulmonary arterial remodeling remain unclear. Serum midkine levels were significantly increased in PAH patients compared with control patients. Midkine expression was increased in lungs and sera of hypoxia-induced PAH mice. Hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy were attenuated in midkine-knockout mice. Midkine-induced proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling were significantly increased under hypoxia, which also induced cell-surface translocation of nucleolin. Nucleolin siRNA treatment suppressed midkine-induced EGFR activation in vitro, and nucleolin inhibitor AS1411 suppressed proliferation and migration of PASMC induced by midkine. Furthermore, AS1411 significantly prevented the development of PAH in Sugen hypoxia rat model. Midkine plays a crucial role in PAH development through interaction with surface nucleolin. These data define a role for midkine in PAH development and suggest midkine-nucleolin-EGFR axis as a novel therapeutic target for PAH.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Animals
- Aptamers, Nucleotide
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Hypoxia/complications
- Hypoxia/physiopathology
- Lung/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Middle Aged
- Midkine/blood
- Midkine/genetics
- Midkine/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/pharmacology
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/therapeutic use
- Phosphoproteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Primary Cell Culture
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/blood
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/pathology
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/prevention & control
- Pulmonary Artery/cytology
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- RNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Rats
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Vascular Remodeling/physiology
- Nucleolin
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kinoshita
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shishido
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yokoyama
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sugai
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ken Watanabe
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Tamura
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishiyama
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takanori Arimoto
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takuya Miyamoto
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kishida
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology - Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, US
| | - Yasuchika Takeishi
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Konta
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Isao Kubota
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masafumi Watanabe
- The Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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15
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He Y, Bao YT, Chen HS, Chen YT, Zhou XJ, Yang YX, Li CY. The Effect of Shen Qi Wan Medicated Serum on NRK-52E Cells Proliferation and Migration by Targeting Aquaporin 1 (AQP1). Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922943. [PMID: 32491998 PMCID: PMC7293146 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shen Qi Wan (SQW) as a well-known formula for the amelioration of kidney yang deficiency syndrome (KYDS), and it has been widely employed in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of SQW medicated serum on proliferation and migration in NRK-52E cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS We employed the real-time cell analysis (RTCA) system to investigate the effect of SQW medicated serum on proliferation and migration in NRK-52E cells. In addition, the migration was further investigated by using a wound-healing assay. The mRNA and protein expression level of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) of NRK-52E cells with SQW medicated serum-treated were quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and western blot assay, respectively. Furthermore, NRK-52E cells were transfected with lentivirus AQP1-RNAi to assess migratory cell abilities in vitro. RESULTS The migratory abilities of NRK-52E cells were significantly increased after SQW medicated serum treatment (P<0.05), and no significant difference in cell proliferation. In addition, SQW medicated serum was significantly upregulated the mRNA and protein expression level of AQP1 in NRK-52E cells (P<0.05). Additionally, the in vitro metastasis test proved that knockdown of AQP1 suppressed migratory abilities according to RTCA and wound healing test while was reversed by SQW medicated serum (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that SQW medicated serum effectively promotes the migration of NRK-52E cells by increasing AQP1 expression, and AQP1 may be as a therapeutic target of SQW for renal injury treatment under KYDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Pharmacy, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ting Bao
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Hong Shu Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yi Tao Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Jie Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Xiao Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Chang Yu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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16
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Vassiliou AG, Keskinidou C, Kotanidou A, Frantzeskaki F, Dimopoulou I, Langleben D, Orfanos SE. Decreased bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor and BMP-related signalling molecules' expression in aquaporin 1-silenced human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Hellenic J Cardiol 2020; 62:84-86. [PMID: 32304816 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alice G Vassiliou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysi Keskinidou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece; Medical School of Democritus University of Thrace, 6(th) km Alexandroupolis-Dragana, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece; First Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Frantzeska Frantzeskaki
- Second Department of Critical Care, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Dimopoulou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - David Langleben
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Azrieli Heart Center, and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stylianos E Orfanos
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece; First Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece; Second Department of Critical Care, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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17
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Maltaneri RE, Schiappacasse A, Chamorro ME, Nesse AB, Vittori DC. Aquaporin-1 plays a key role in erythropoietin-induced endothelial cell migration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1867:118569. [PMID: 31676353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Water influx through aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) has been linked to the ability of different cell types to migrate, and therefore plays an important part in processes like metastasis and angiogenesis. Since the erythroid growth factor erythropoietin (Epo) is now recognized as an angiogenesis promoter, we investigated the participation of AQP-1 as a downstream effector of this cytokine in the migration of endothelial cells. Inhibition of AQP-1 with either mercury ions (Hg2+) or a specific siRNA led to an impaired migration of EA.hy926 endothelial cells exposed to Epo (wound-healing assays). Epo also induced the expression of AQP-1 at mRNA and protein levels, an effect which was dependent on the influx of extracellular calcium through L-type calcium channels as well as TRPC3 channels. The relationship between Epo and AQP-1 was further confirmed at shorter exposure times, as the cytokine was unable to trigger calcium influxes in cells where AQP-1 had previously been knocked down. Moreover, Epo promoted changes in the subcellular localization of AQP-1 as well as rearrangements in the actin cytoskeleton, which are consistent with a migratory phenotype. Worthy of note, carbamylated erythropoietin (cEpo), the non-erythropoietic and non-promigratory derivative of Epo, was incapable of AQP-1 modulation. The therapeutical implications of aquaporin targeting in angiogenesis-related diseases highlight the importance of the present results in the context of the relationship between AQP-1 and Epo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina E Maltaneri
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto del Departamento de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Schiappacasse
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto del Departamento de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María E Chamorro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto del Departamento de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alcira B Nesse
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto del Departamento de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela C Vittori
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto del Departamento de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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18
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Shan F, Huang Z, Xiong R, Huang Q, Li J. HIF1α‐induced upregulation of KLF4 promotes migration of human vascular smooth muscle cells under hypoxia. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:141-150. [PMID: 31270801 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabo Shan
- Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Zhizhong Huang
- Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Renping Xiong
- Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Qing‐Yuan Huang
- Department of Cold Environmental Medicine College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Junxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Second Department of Research Institute of Surgery Daping Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing P.R. China
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19
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Liu M, Liu Q, Pei Y, Gong M, Cui X, Pan J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Yuan X, Zhou H, Chen Y, Sun J, Wang L, Zhang X, Wang R, Li S, Cheng J, Ding Y, Ma T, Yuan Y. Aqp-1
Gene Knockout Attenuates Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension of Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:48-62. [PMID: 30580569 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is characterized by proliferative vascular remodeling. Abnormal pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation and endothelial dysfunction are the primary cellular bases of vascular remodeling. AQP1 (aquaporin-1) is regulated by oxygen level and has been observed to play a role in the proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. The role of AQP1 in HPH pathogenesis has not been directly determined to date. To determine the possible roles of AQP1 in the pathogenesis of HPH and explore its possible mechanisms.
Approach and Results—
Aqp1
knockout mice were used, and HPH model was established in this study. Primary pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, primary mouse lung endothelial cells, and lung tissue sections from HPH model were used. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot, cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration analysis were performed in this study. AQP1 expression was upregulated by chronic hypoxia exposure, both in pulmonary artery endothelia and medial smooth muscle layer of mice.
Aqp1
deficiency attenuated the elevation of right ventricular systolic pressures and mitigated pulmonary vascular structure remodeling. AQP1 deletion reduced abnormal cell proliferation in pulmonary artery and accompanied with accumulation of HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor). In vitro,
Aqp1
deletion reduced hypoxia-induced proliferation, apoptosis resistance, and migration ability of primary cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and repressed HIF-1α protein stability. Furthermore,
Aqp1
deficiency protected lung endothelial cells from apoptosis in response to hypoxic injury.
Conclusions—
Our data showed that
Aqp1
deficiency could attenuate hypoxia-induced vascular remodeling in the development of HPH. AQP1 may be a potential target for pulmonary hypertension treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcheng Liu
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Qiwang Liu
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Yandong Pei
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Miaomiao Gong
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, China (X.C., S.L., T.M.)
| | - Jinjin Pan
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China (Y.Z., Yang Liu, Ying Liu)
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China (Y.Z., Yang Liu, Ying Liu)
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China (Y.Z., Yang Liu, Ying Liu)
| | - Xiaocheng Yuan
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Haoran Zhou
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Yiying Chen
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Jian Sun
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Lin Wang
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Xiya Zhang
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Rui Wang
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Shao Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, China (X.C., S.L., T.M.)
| | - Jizhong Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.C.)
| | - Yanchun Ding
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Tonghui Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China (Y.Z., Yang Liu, Ying Liu)
| | - Yuhui Yuan
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
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20
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Jiang Y, Zhou Y, Peng G, Liu N, Tian H, Pan D, Liu L, Yang X, Li C, Li W, Chen L, Ran P, Dai A. Topotecan prevents hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension and inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and TRPC channels. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 104:161-170. [PMID: 30266526 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of topotecan (TPT) on the hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in a rat model, and to explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS The experiments were carried out in vitro using rat PASMCs and in vivo using a rat model of hypoxia-induced PAH. RESULTS TPT significantly suppressed the hypoxia-induced upregulation of HIF-1α and TRPC1/4/6 expression both in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from normal rats and in pulmonary arteries from PAH model rats. Furthermore, TPT effectively inhibited intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) change (Ca2+ influx) in PASMCs from both normal rats and PAH model rats. Importantly, TPT treatment significantly inhibited the hypoxia-induced proliferation, migration and a contractile-to-synthetic phenotypic switching of normal rat PASMCs in vitro, where the effect was abrogated by overexpression of TRPC1/4/6. Furthermore, TPT administration potently attenuated the hypoxia-induced PAH-associated pulmonary arteriolar remodeling in PAH model rats, as evidenced by amelioration of elevated hemodynamic parameters, and enhanced right ventricle hypertrophy and wall thickening. CONCLUSION TPT ameliorates the hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH, and the mechanism is associated with TPT-mediated inhibition of hypoxia-induced upregulation of HIF-1α and TRPC1/4/6 expression, Ca2+ influx, and PASMCs proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Jiang
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yumin Zhou
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Gongyong Peng
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Nian Liu
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Heshen Tian
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Dan Pan
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xing Yang
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Wen Li
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Ling Chen
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China
| | - Pixin Ran
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, PR China; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Changsha Medical College, Changsha, PR China.
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21
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Cheng Y, Yu M, Xu J, He M, Wang H, Kong H, Xie W. Inhibition of Shp2 ameliorates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats. BMC Pulm Med 2018; 18:130. [PMID: 30086741 PMCID: PMC6081862 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-018-0700-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Src homology 2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 2 (Shp2) is a typical tyrosine phosphatase interacting with receptor tyrosine kinase to regulate multiple signaling pathways in diverse pathological processes. Here, we will investigate the effect of Shp2 inhibition on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in a rat model and its potential cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying. Methods Monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rat model was used in this study. Phps-1, a highly selective inhibitor for Shp2, was administered from 21 days to 35 days after MCT single-injection. Microcatheter method was applied to detected hemodynamic parameters. Histological methods were used to determine PVR changes in PAH rats. Moreover, cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) treated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) with or without Phps-1 was used to investigate the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying in vitro. Results Inhibition of Shp2 significantly attenuated MCT-induced increases of mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) in rats. Shp2 inhibition effectively decreased thickening of pulmonary artery media and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy as well as perivascular and myocardial fibrosis in MCT-treated rats. Moreover, Shp2 inhibition ameliorated muscularization of pulmonary arterioles in MCT-induced PAH rats. Shp2 inhibition significantly reduced platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-triggered proliferation and migration of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), which might be attributed to the inactivations of Akt and Stat3 pathways. Conclusions Shp2 contributes to the development of PAH in rats, which might be a potential target for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, 2 Zeshan West Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyu He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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22
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Song S, Carr SG, McDermott KM, Rodriguez M, Babicheva A, Balistrieri A, Ayon RJ, Wang J, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. STIM2 (Stromal Interaction Molecule 2)-Mediated Increase in Resting Cytosolic Free Ca 2+ Concentration Stimulates PASMC Proliferation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Hypertension 2018; 71:518-529. [PMID: 29358461 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An increase in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) triggers pulmonary vasoconstriction and stimulates PASMC proliferation leading to vascular wall thickening. Here, we report that STIM2 (stromal interaction molecule 2), a Ca2+ sensor in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane, is required for raising the resting [Ca2+]cyt in PASMCs from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and activating signaling cascades that stimulate PASMC proliferation and inhibit PASMC apoptosis. Downregulation of STIM2 in PAH-PASMCs reduces the resting [Ca2+]cyt, whereas overexpression of STIM2 in normal PASMCs increases the resting [Ca2+]cyt The increased resting [Ca2+]cyt in PAH-PASMCs is associated with enhanced phosphorylation (p) of CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein), STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), and AKT, increased NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cell) nuclear translocation, and elevated level of Ki67 (a marker of cell proliferation). Furthermore, the STIM2-associated increase in the resting [Ca2+]cyt also upregulates the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 in PAH-PASMCs. Downregulation of STIM2 in PAH-PASMCs with siRNA (1) decreases the level of pCREB, pSTAT3, and pAKT and inhibits NFAT nuclear translocation, thereby attenuating proliferation, and (2) decreases Bcl-2, which leads to an increase of apoptosis. In summary, these data indicate that upregulated STIM2 in PAH-PASMCs, by raising the resting [Ca2+]cyt, contributes to enhancing PASMC proliferation by activating the CREB, STAT3, AKT, and NFAT signaling pathways and stimulating PASMC proliferation. The STIM2-associated increase in the resting [Ca2+]cyt is also involved in upregulating Bcl-2 that makes PAH-PASMCs resistant to apoptosis, and thus plays an important role in sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling in patients with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Song
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Shane G Carr
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Kimberly M McDermott
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Ramon J Ayon
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Jian Wang
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Ayako Makino
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- From the Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine (S.S., S.G.C., K.M.M., M.R., A. Babicheva, A. Balistrieri, R.J.A., J.W., A.M., J.X.-J.Y.) and Department of Physiology (A.M., J.X.-J.Y.), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson.
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23
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Sysol JR, Chen J, Singla S, Zhao S, Comhair S, Natarajan V, Machado RF. Micro-RNA-1 is decreased by hypoxia and contributes to the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling via regulation of sphingosine kinase 1. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 314:L461-L472. [PMID: 29167124 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00057.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) upregulation is associated with pathologic pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but the mechanisms controlling its expression are undefined. In this study, we sought to characterize the regulation of SphK1 expression by micro-RNAs (miRs). In silico analysis of the SphK1 3'-untranslated region identified several putative miR binding sites, with miR-1-3p (miR-1) being the most highly predicted target. Therefore we further investigated the role of miR-1 in modulating SphK1 expression and characterized its effects on the phenotype of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and the development of experimental pulmonary hypertension in vivo. Our results demonstrate that miR-1 is downregulated by hypoxia in PASMCs and can directly inhibit SphK1 expression. Overexpression of miR-1 in human PASMCs inhibits basal and hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration. Human PASMCs isolated from PAH patients exhibit reduced miR-1 expression. We also demonstrate that miR-1 is downregulated in mouse lung tissues during experimental hypoxia-mediated pulmonary hypertension (HPH), consistent with upregulation of SphK1. Furthermore, administration of miR-1 mimics in vivo prevented the development of HPH in mice and attenuated induction of SphK1 in PASMCs. These data reveal the importance of miR-1 in regulating SphK1 expression during hypoxia in PASMCs. A pivotal role is played by miR-1 in pulmonary vascular remodeling, including PASMC proliferation and migration, and its overexpression protects from the development of HPH in vivo. These studies improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Sysol
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jiwang Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sunit Singla
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shuangping Zhao
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Roberto F Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University , Indianapolis, Indiana
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24
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Up-regulation of caveolin-1 by DJ-1 attenuates rat pulmonary arterial hypertension by inhibiting TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2017; 361:192-198. [PMID: 29069575 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), characterized by excessive proliferation and apoptosis resistance of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), is closely associated with the imbalance in vasoactive mediators and massive remodeling of pulmonary vasculature. DJ-1/park7, a multifunctional protein, plays a critical defense role in several cytobiological activity, such as transcriptional regulation, anti-oxidative stress and tumor formation. In this study, we investigated the effects of DJ-1 on hypoxia-induced PAH model rats and PASMCs, as well as its possible molecular mechanism. First, the low expressions of DJ-1 and caveolin-1 (Cav-1) were synchronously detected in lung tissue of PAH model rats and hypoxia-induced PASMCs by Western blot. Then, the DJ-1 wild type (WT) or Knock out (KO) rats were exposed to chronic hypoxia to mimic a hypoxic PAH condition. The protein level of Cav-1 was markedly decreased in the tissue of DJ-1 KO rats, and additionally lower in tissue of the hypoxia group than that in the normoxia group for DJ-1 WT and KO rats. In vivo, hemodynamic data showed that the pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), right ventricle systolic pressure (RVSP) and pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP), as well as the weight of the right ventricle/left ventricle plus septum (RV/LV+S) ratio of PAH model rats were higher in the DJ-1 KO group than those in the DJ-1 WT group. Moreover, knockout of DJ-1 also results in the phenotype switch from contractile to synthetic PASMC, which is reflected by reduced calponin and SM22α expressions. In vitro, DJ-1 overexpression reversed hypoxia-induced elevation of PASMC cell proliferation, migration and Ca2+ concentration, which were not obviously observed in Cav-1 shRNA (sh-Cav-1) and DJ-1 co-transfected cells. Then the increased levels of calponin and SM22α were detected in the DJ-1 group; similarly those levels were not changed in the DJ-1+sh-Cav-1 group. Finally, the expression of TGFβ1, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 were obviously decreased in the ad-DJ-1 group, however those were all elevated in the DJ-1 and sh-Cav-1 co-transfected groups. In conclusion, these results indicate that DJ-1 may alleviate hypoxia-induced PASMCs injury by Cav-1 through inhibiting the TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway.
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25
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Yun X, Jiang H, Lai N, Wang J, Shimoda LA. Aquaporin 1-mediated changes in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation involve β-catenin. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L889-L898. [PMID: 28798257 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00247.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to hypoxia induces migration and proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), leading to vascular remodeling and contributing to the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. The mechanisms controlling PASMC growth and motility are incompletely understood, although aquaporin 1 (AQP1) plays an important role. In tumor, kidney, and stem cells, AQP1 has been shown to interact with β-catenin, a dual function protein that activates the transcription of crucial target genes (i.e., c-Myc and cyclin D1) related to cell migration and proliferation. Thus the goal of this study was to examine mechanisms by which AQP1 mediates PASMC migration and proliferation, with a focus on β-catenin. Using primary rat PASMCs from resistance level pulmonary arteries infected with adenoviral constructs containing green fluorescent protein (control; AdGFP), wild-type AQP1 (AdAQP1), or AQP1 with the COOH-terminal tail deleted (AdAQP1M), we demonstrated that increasing AQP1 expression upregulated β-catenin protein levels and the expression (mRNA and protein) of the known β-catenin targets c-Myc and cyclin D1. In contrast, infection with AdAQP1M had no effect on any of these variables. Using silencing approaches to reduce β-catenin levels prevented both hypoxia- and AQP1-induced migration and proliferation of PASMCs, as well as induction of c-Myc and cyclin D1 by AQP1. Thus our results indicate that elevated AQP1 levels upregulate β-catenin protein levels, via a mechanism requiring the AQP1 COOH-terminal tail, enhancing expression of β-catenin targets and promoting PASMC proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yun
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; and.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ning Lai
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Jian Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; and.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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26
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Wintmo P, Johansen SH, Hansen PBL, Lindholt JS, Urbonavicius S, Rasmussen LM, Bie P, Jensen BL, Stubbe J. The water channel AQP1 is expressed in human atherosclerotic vascular lesions and AQP1 deficiency augments angiotensin II-induced atherosclerosis in mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:446-460. [PMID: 28129470 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1) promotes endothelial cell migration. It was hypothesized that AQP1 promotes neovascularization and growth of atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS AQP1 immunoreactivity and protein abundance was examined in human and murine atherosclerotic lesions and aortic aneurysms. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (-/-) and AQP1-/-ApoE-/- mice were developed and fed Western diet (WD) for 8 and 16 weeks to accelerate the atherosclerosis process. In ApoE-/- and AQP1-/-ApoE-/- mice abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) were induced by angiotensin II (ANGII) infusion by osmotic minipumps for 4 weeks. RESULTS In human atherosclerotic lesions and AAA, AQP1 immunoreactive protein was associated with intralesional small vessels. In ApoE-/- mouse aorta, APQ1 mRNA levels were increased with time on WD (n = 7-9, P < 0.003). Both in murine lesions at the aortic root and in the abdominal aortic aneurysmal wall, AQP1 immunoreactivity was associated with microvascular structures. The atherosclerotic lesion burden was enhanced significantly in ANGII-infused AQP1-/-ApoE-/- mice compared with ApoE-/- mice, but neither incidence nor progression of AAA was different. The aortic lesion burden increased with time on WD but was not different between ApoE-/- and AQP1-/-ApoE-/- mice at either 8 or 16 weeks (n = 13-15). Baseline blood pressure and ANGII-induced hypertension were not different between genotypes. CONCLUSION AQP1 is expressed in atherosclerotic lesion neovasculature in human and mouse arteries and AQP1 deficiency augments lesion development in ANGII-promoted atherosclerosis in mice. Normal function of AQP1 affords cardiovascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Wintmo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Biology; University of Southern Denmark; Odense C Denmark
| | - S. H. Johansen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Biology; University of Southern Denmark; Odense C Denmark
| | - P. B. L. Hansen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Biology; University of Southern Denmark; Odense C Denmark
| | - J. S. Lindholt
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery T; University Hospital of Odense; Odense C Denmark
| | - S. Urbonavicius
- Cardiovascular Research Centre; Viborg Hospital; Viborg Denmark
| | - L. M. Rasmussen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Biology; University of Southern Denmark; Odense C Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology; Odense University Hospital; Odense C Denmark
| | - P. Bie
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Biology; University of Southern Denmark; Odense C Denmark
| | - B. L. Jensen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Biology; University of Southern Denmark; Odense C Denmark
| | - J. Stubbe
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; Institute of Molecular Biology; University of Southern Denmark; Odense C Denmark
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27
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Ge H, Zhu H, Xu N, Zhang D, Ou J, Wang G, Fang X, Zhou J, Song Y, Bai C. Increased Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Aquaporin 1-Null Mice Is Mediated via Decreased Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2α Stability. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:882-91. [PMID: 26649797 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0363oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin (AQP) 1, a water channel protein expressed widely in vascular endothelia, has been shown to regulate cell migration, angiogenesis, and organ regeneration. Even though its role in the pathogenesis of lung ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury has been defined, the functional role of AQP1 during long-term IR resolution remains to be clarified. Here, we found that AQP1 expression was increased at late time points (7-14 d) after IR and colocalized with endothelial cell (EC) marker CD31. Compared with IR in wild-type mice, IR in Aqp1(-/-) mice had significantly enhanced leukocyte infiltration, collagen deposition, and microvascular permeability, as well as inhibited angiogenic factor expression. AQP1 knockdown repressed hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α protein stability. HIF-2α overexpression rescued the angiogenic factor expression in pulmonary microvascular ECs with AQP1 knockdown exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation. Furthermore, AQP1 knockdown suppressed cellular viability and capillary tube formation, and enhanced permeability in pulmonary microvascular ECs, which were partly rescued by HIF-2α overexpression. Thus, this study demonstrates that AQP1 deficiency delays long-term IR resolution, partly through repressing angiogenesis mediated by destabilizing HIF-2α. These results suggest that AQP1 participates in long-term IR resolution, at least in part by promoting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Ge
- 1 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Huadong Hospital, and.,2 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huili Zhu
- 1 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Huadong Hospital, and
| | - Nuo Xu
- 2 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- 2 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxian Ou
- 2 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifang Wang
- 2 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaocong Fang
- 2 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- 2 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- 2 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxue Bai
- 2 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Schuoler C, Haider TJ, Leuenberger C, Vogel J, Ostergaard L, Kwapiszewska G, Kohler M, Gassmann M, Huber LC, Brock M. Aquaporin 1 controls the functional phenotype of pulmonary smooth muscle cells in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 112:30. [PMID: 28409279 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Vascular remodelling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) is driven by excessive proliferation and migration of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1), an integral membrane water channel protein involved in the control of these processes, is tightly regulated by oxygen levels. The role of AQP1 in the pathogenesis of PH, however, has not been directly addressed so far. This study was designed to characterize expression and function of AQP1 in pulmonary vascular cells from human arteries and in the mouse model of hypoxia-induced PH. Exposure of human pulmonary vascular cells to hypoxia significantly induced the expression of AQP1. Similarly, levels of AQP1 were found to be upregulated in lungs of mice with hypoxia-induced PH. The functional role of AQP1 was further tested in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells demonstrating that depletion of AQP1 reduced proliferation, the migratory potential, and, conversely, increased apoptosis of these cells. This effect was associated with higher expression of the tumour suppressor gene p53. Using the mouse model of hypoxia-induced PH, application of GapmeR inhibitors targeting AQP1 abated the hypoxia-induced upregulation of AQP1 and, of note, reversed PH by decreasing both right ventricular pressure and hypertrophy back to the levels of control mice. Our data suggest an important functional role of AQP1 in the pathobiology of hypoxia-induced PH. These results offer novel insights in our pathogenetic understanding of the disease and propose AQP1 as potential therapeutic in vivo target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Schuoler
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas J Haider
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Leuenberger
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Vogel
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Louise Ostergaard
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Malcolm Kohler
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lars C Huber
- Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Brock
- Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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29
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Zwiazek JJ, Xu H, Tan X, Navarro-Ródenas A, Morte A. Significance of oxygen transport through aquaporins. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40411. [PMID: 28079178 PMCID: PMC5227684 DOI: 10.1038/srep40411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are membrane integral proteins responsible for the transmembrane transport of water and other small neutral molecules. Despite their well-acknowledged importance in water transport, their significance in gas transport processes remains unclear. Growing evidence points to the involvement of plant aquaporins in CO2 delivery for photosynthesis. The role of these channel proteins in the transport of O2 and other gases may also be more important than previously envisioned. In this study, we examined O2 permeability of various human, plant, and fungal aquaporins by co-expressing heterologous aquaporin and myoglobin in yeast. Two of the most promising O2-transporters (Homo sapiens AQP1 and Nicotiana tabacum PIP1;3) were confirmed to facilitate O2 transport in the spectrophotometric assay using yeast protoplasts. The over-expression of NtPIP1;3 in yeasts significantly increased their O2 uptake rates in suspension culture. In N. tabacum roots subjected to hypoxic hydroponic conditions, the transcript levels of the O2-transporting aquaporin NtPIP1;3 significantly increased after the seven-day hypoxia treatment, which was accompanied by the increase of ATP levels in the apical root segments. Our results suggest that the functional significance of aquaporin-mediated O2 transport and the possibility of controlling the rate of transmembrane O2 transport should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz J. Zwiazek
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Xiangfeng Tan
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Alfonso Navarro-Ródenas
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Asunción Morte
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Maron BA, Machado RF, Shimoda L. Pulmonary vascular and ventricular dysfunction in the susceptible patient (2015 Grover Conference series). Pulm Circ 2016; 6:426-438. [PMID: 28090285 PMCID: PMC5210067 DOI: 10.1086/688315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary blood vessel structure and tone are maintained by a complex interplay between endogenous vasoactive factors and oxygen-sensing intermediaries. Under physiological conditions, these signaling networks function as an adaptive interface between the pulmonary circulation and environmental or acquired perturbations to preserve oxygenation and maintain systemic delivery of oxygen-rich hemoglobin. Chronic exposure to hypoxia, however, triggers a range of pathogenetic mechanisms that include hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)-dependent upregulation of the vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin 1 in pulmonary endothelial cells. In pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, chronic hypoxia induces HIF-1α-mediated upregulation of canonical transient receptor potential proteins, as well as increased Rho kinase-Ca2+ signaling and pulmonary arteriole synthesis of the profibrotic hormone aldosterone. Collectively, these mechanisms contribute to a contractile or hypertrophic pulmonary vascular phenotype. Genetically inherited disorders in hemoglobin structure are also an important etiology of abnormal pulmonary vasoreactivity. In sickle cell anemia, for example, consumption of the vasodilator and antimitogenic molecule nitric oxide by cell-free hemoglobin is an important mechanism underpinning pulmonary hypertension. Contemporary genomic and transcriptomic analytic methods have also allowed for the discovery of novel risk factors relevant to sickle cell disease, including GALNT13 gene variants. In this report, we review cutting-edge observations characterizing these and other pathobiological mechanisms that contribute to pulmonary vascular and right ventricular vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A. Maron
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Cardiology, Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roberto F. Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Larissa Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Villar IC, Bubb KJ, Moyes AJ, Steiness E, Gulbrandsen T, Levy FO, Hobbs AJ. Functional pharmacological characterization of SER100 in cardiovascular health and disease. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:3386-3401. [PMID: 27667485 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE SER100 is a selective nociceptin (NOP) receptor agonist with sodium-potassium-sparing aquaretic and anti-natriuretic activity. This study was designed to characterize the functional cardiovascular pharmacology of SER100 in vitro and in vivo, including experimental models of cardiovascular disease. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Haemodynamic, ECG parameters and heart rate variability (HRV) were determined using radiotelemetry in healthy, conscious mice. The haemodynamic and vascular effects of SER100 were also evaluated in two models of cardiovascular disease, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and murine hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). To elucidate mechanisms underlying the pharmacology of SER100, acute blood pressure recordings were performed in anaesthetized mice, and the reactivity of rodent aorta and mesenteric arteries in response to electrical- and agonist-stimulation assessed. KEY RESULTS SER100 caused NOP receptor-dependent reductions in mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate that were independent of NO. The hypotensive and vasorelaxant actions of SER100 were potentiated in SHR compared with Wistar Kyoto. Moreover, SER100 reduced several indices of disease severity in experimental PH. Analysis of HRV indicated that SER100 decreased the low/high frequency ratio, an indicator of sympatho-vagal balance, and in electrically stimulated mouse mesenteric arteries SER100 inhibited sympathetic-induced contractions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS SER100 exerts a chronic hypotensive and bradycardic effects in rodents, including models of systemic and pulmonary hypertension. SER100 produces its cardiovascular effects, at least in part, by inhibition of cardiac and vascular sympathetic activity. SER100 may represent a novel therapeutic candidate in systemic and pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada C Villar
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kristen J Bubb
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Amie J Moyes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Finn Olav Levy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Adrian J Hobbs
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Undem C, Luke T, Shimoda LA. Contribution of elevated intracellular calcium to pulmonary arterial myocyte alkalinization during chronic hypoxia. Pulm Circ 2016; 6:93-102. [PMID: 27076907 PMCID: PMC4809666 DOI: 10.1086/685053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the lung, exposure to chronic hypoxia (CH) causes pulmonary hypertension, a debilitating disease. Development of this condition arises from increased muscularity and contraction of pulmonary vessels, associated with increases in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) intracellular pH (pHi) and Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i). In this study, we explored the interaction between pHi and [Ca(2+)]i in PASMCs from rats exposed to normoxia or CH (3 weeks, 10% O2). PASMC pHi and [Ca(2+)]i were measured with fluorescent microscopy and the dyes BCECF and Fura-2. Both pHi and [Ca(2+)]i levels were elevated in PASMCs from hypoxic rats. Exposure to KCl increased [Ca(2+)]i and pHi to a similar extent in normoxic and hypoxic PASMCs. Conversely, removal of extracellular Ca(2+) or blockade of Ca(2+) entry with NiCl2 or SKF 96365 decreased [Ca(2+)]i and pHi only in hypoxic cells. Neither increasing pHi with NH4Cl nor decreasing pHi by removal of bicarbonate impacted PASMC [Ca(2+)]i. We also examined the roles of Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange (NCX) and Na(+)/H(+) exchange (NHE) in mediating the elevated basal [Ca(2+)]i and Ca(2+)-dependent changes in PASMC pHi. Bepridil, dichlorobenzamil, and KB-R7943, which are NCX inhibitors, decreased resting [Ca(2+)]i and pHi only in hypoxic PASMCs and blocked the changes in pHi induced by altering [Ca(2+)]i. Exposure to ethyl isopropyl amiloride, an NHE inhibitor, decreased resting pHi and prevented changes in pHi due to changing [Ca(2+)]i. Our findings indicate that, during CH, the elevation in basal [Ca(2+)]i may contribute to the alkaline shift in pHi in PASMCs, likely via mechanisms involving reverse-mode NCX and NHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark Undem
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Trevor Luke
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Johnson ZI, Gogate SS, Day R, Binch A, Markova DZ, Chiverton N, Cole A, Conner M, Shapiro IM, Le Maitre CL, Risbud MV. Aquaporin 1 and 5 expression decreases during human intervertebral disc degeneration: Novel HIF-1-mediated regulation of aquaporins in NP cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:11945-58. [PMID: 25844601 PMCID: PMC4494915 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives of this study were to investigate whether AQP1 and AQP5 expression is altered during intervertebral disc degeneration and if hypoxia and HIF-1 regulate their expression in NP cells. AQP expression was measured in human tissues from different degenerative grades; regulation by hypoxia and HIF-1 was studied using promoter analysis and gain- and loss-of-function experiments. We show that both AQPs are expressed in the disc and that mRNA and protein levels decline with human disease severity. Bioinformatic analyses of AQP promoters showed multiple evolutionarily conserved HREs. Surprisingly, hypoxia failed to induce promoter activity or expression of either AQP. While genomic chromatin immunoprecipitation showed limited binding of HIF-1α to conserved HREs, their mutation did not suppress promoter activities. Stable HIF-1α suppression significantly decreased mRNA and protein levels of both AQPs, but HIF-1α failed to induce AQP levels following accumulation. Together, our results demonstrate that AQP1 and AQP5 expression is sensitive to human disc degeneration and that HIF-1α uniquely maintains basal expression of both AQPs in NP cells, independent of oxemic tension and HIF-1 binding to promoter HREs. Diminished HIF-1 activity during degeneration may suppress AQP levels in NP cells, compromising their ability to respond to extracellular osmolarity changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zariel I Johnson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shilpa S Gogate
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca Day
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Abbie Binch
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Dessislava Z Markova
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Neil Chiverton
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ashley Cole
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Matt Conner
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Irving M Shapiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Makarand V Risbud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Abstract
The circulation of the lung is unique both in volume and function. For example, it is the only organ with two circulations: the pulmonary circulation, the main function of which is gas exchange, and the bronchial circulation, a systemic vascular supply that provides oxygenated blood to the walls of the conducting airways, pulmonary arteries and veins. The pulmonary circulation accommodates the entire cardiac output, maintaining high blood flow at low intravascular arterial pressure. As compared with the systemic circulation, pulmonary arteries have thinner walls with much less vascular smooth muscle and a relative lack of basal tone. Factors controlling pulmonary blood flow include vascular structure, gravity, mechanical effects of breathing, and the influence of neural and humoral factors. Pulmonary vascular tone is also altered by hypoxia, which causes pulmonary vasoconstriction. If the hypoxic stimulus persists for a prolonged period, contraction is accompanied by remodeling of the vasculature, resulting in pulmonary hypertension. In addition, genetic and environmental factors can also confer susceptibility to development of pulmonary hypertension. Under normal conditions, the endothelium forms a tight barrier, actively regulating interstitial fluid homeostasis. Infection and inflammation compromise normal barrier homeostasis, resulting in increased permeability and edema formation. This article focuses on reviewing the basics of the lung circulation (pulmonary and bronchial), normal development and transition at birth and vasoregulation. Mechanisms contributing to pathological conditions in the pulmonary circulation, in particular when barrier function is disrupted and during development of pulmonary hypertension, will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Suresh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Bryant AJ, Scott EW. "A small leak will sink a great ship": hypoxia-inducible factor and group III pulmonary hypertension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3. [PMID: 27446973 PMCID: PMC4950984 DOI: 10.14800/rci.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension complicating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, also known as secondary pulmonary hypertension, represents a major source of morbidity and mortality in affected patients. While the study of primary pulmonary arterial hypertension has yielded several therapies, the same is not true for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary fibrosis. Recent studies have indicated an important role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) - a regulatory protein that is vital in adaptation to hypoxic conditions - in the development of secondary pulmonary hypertension. HIF influences development of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension through alteration in voltage-gated potassium channels and homeostatic calcium regulation, resulting in disruption of endothelial cell-cell communication, and eventual vascular remodeling. This article summarizes salient literature related to HIF and secondary pulmonary hypertension, in addition to proposing a final common pathway in known mechanistic pathways that result in endothelial barrier integrity loss - vascular "leak" - primarily through a shared endothelial-epithelial signaling protein family, CCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Bryant
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610-0225, USA
| | - Edward W Scott
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610-0225, USA
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36
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Hiram R, Rizcallah E, Marouan S, Sirois C, Sirois M, Morin C, Fortin S, Rousseau E. Resolvin E1 normalizes contractility, Ca2+ sensitivity and smooth muscle cell migration rate in TNF-α- and IL-6-pretreated human pulmonary arteries. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L776-88. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00177.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare disease in which pathophysiology is characterized by an increase in proinflammatory mediators, chronic endothelial dysfunctions, and a high migration rate of smooth muscle cells (SMC). Over the course of the last decade, various treatments have been proposed to relax the pulmonary arteries, none of which have been effective in resolving PH. Our hypothesis is that artery-relaxing drugs are not the long-term solution, but rather the inhibition of tissue inflammation, which underlies human pulmonary artery (HPA) dysfunctions that lead to abnormal vasoconstriction. The goal of the present study was to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of resolvin E1 (RvE1) with concomitant effects on SMC migration and on HPA reactivity. The role and mode of action of RvE1 and its precursor, monoacylglyceride eicosapentaenoic acid were assessed on HPA under proinflammatory conditions, involving a combined pretreatment with 10 ng/ml TNF-α and 10 ng/ml IL-6. Our results show that TNF-α and IL-6 treatment induced hyperreactivity and Ca2+ hypersensitivity in response to pharmaco-mechanical stimuli, including 80 mM KCl, 1 μM phorbol 12–13-dibutyrate, and 30 nM U-46619. Furthermore, the proinflammatory treatment increased the migration rate of SMC isolated from HPA. The phosphorylation level of regulatory contractile proteins (CPI-17, MYPT-1), and proinflammatory signaling pathways (c-Fos, c-Jun, NF-κB) were also significantly increased compared with control conditions. Conversely, 300 nM RvE1 was able to normalize all of the above abnormal events triggered by proinflammation. In conclusion, RvE1 can resolve human arterial hyperreactivity via the resolution of inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roddy Hiram
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Edmond Rizcallah
- Department of Pathology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sofia Marouan
- Department of Pathology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chantal Sirois
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada; and
| | - Marco Sirois
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada; and
| | - Caroline Morin
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- SCF Pharma, Ste-Luce, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Eric Rousseau
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Pugliese SC, Poth JM, Fini MA, Olschewski A, El Kasmi KC, Stenmark KR. The role of inflammation in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension: from cellular mechanisms to clinical phenotypes. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 308:L229-52. [PMID: 25416383 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00238.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (PH) comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases sharing the common feature of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling. The disease is usually characterized by mild to moderate pulmonary vascular remodeling that is largely thought to be reversible compared with the progressive irreversible disease seen in World Health Organization (WHO) group I disease. However, in these patients, the presence of PH significantly worsens morbidity and mortality. In addition, a small subset of patients with hypoxic PH develop "out-of-proportion" severe pulmonary hypertension characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling that is irreversible and similar to that in WHO group I disease. In all cases of hypoxia-related vascular remodeling and PH, inflammation, particularly persistent inflammation, is thought to play a role. This review focuses on the effects of hypoxia on pulmonary vascular cells and the signaling pathways involved in the initiation and perpetuation of vascular inflammation, especially as they relate to vascular remodeling and transition to chronic irreversible PH. We hypothesize that the combination of hypoxia and local tissue factors/cytokines ("second hit") antagonizes tissue homeostatic cellular interactions between mesenchymal cells (fibroblasts and/or smooth muscle cells) and macrophages and arrests these cells in an epigenetically locked and permanently activated proremodeling and proinflammatory phenotype. This aberrant cellular cross-talk between mesenchymal cells and macrophages promotes transition to chronic nonresolving inflammation and vascular remodeling, perpetuating PH. A better understanding of these signaling pathways may lead to the development of specific therapeutic targets, as none are currently available for WHO group III disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Pugliese
- Developmental Lung Biology, Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatrics-Critical Care, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado;
| | - Jens M Poth
- Developmental Lung Biology, Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatrics-Critical Care, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mehdi A Fini
- Developmental Lung Biology, Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatrics-Critical Care, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria; and
| | - Karim C El Kasmi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kurt R Stenmark
- Developmental Lung Biology, Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatrics-Critical Care, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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Xu L, Chen Y, Yang K, Wang Y, Tian L, Zhang J, Wang EW, Sun D, Lu W, Wang J. Chronic hypoxia increases TRPC6 expression and basal intracellular Ca2+ concentration in rat distal pulmonary venous smooth muscle. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112007. [PMID: 25365342 PMCID: PMC4218830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia causes remodeling and contractile responses in both pulmonary artery (PA) and pulmonary vein (PV). Here we explore the effect of hypoxia on PV and pulmonary venous smooth muscle cells (PVSMCs). METHODS Chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (CHPH) model was established by exposing rats to 10% O2 for 21 days. Rat distal PVSMCs were isolated and cultured for in vitro experiments. The fura-2 based fluorescence calcium imaging was used to measure the basal intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting were performed to measure the expression of mRNA and levels of canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) protein respectively. RESULTS Hypoxia increased the basal [Ca2+]i and SOCE in both freshly dissociated and serum cultured distal PVSMCs. Moreover, hypoxia increased TRPC6 expression at mRNA and protein levels in both cultured PVSMCs exposed to prolonged hypoxia (4% O2, 60 h) and distal PV isolated from CHPH rats. Hypoxia also enhanced proliferation and migration of rat distal PVSMCs. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia induces elevation of SOCE in distal PVSMCs, leading to enhancement of basal [Ca2+]i in PVSMCs. This enhancement is potentially correlated with the increased expression of TRPC6. Hypoxia triggered intracellular calcium contributes to promoted proliferation and migration of PVSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yuqin Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yingfeng Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lichun Tian
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Dejun Sun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenju Lu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WL); (JW)
| | - Jian Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- * E-mail: (WL); (JW)
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Lai N, Lade J, Leggett K, Yun X, Baksh S, Chau E, Crow MT, Sidhaye V, Wang J, Shimoda LA. The aquaporin 1 C-terminal tail is required for migration and growth of pulmonary arterial myocytes. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:1010-20. [PMID: 24328827 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0374oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation and migration are important contributors to the vascular remodeling that occurs during development of pulmonary hypertension. We previously demonstrated that aquaporin (AQP)1, a member of the water channel family of proteins, was expressed in PASMCs and was necessary for hypoxia-induced migration; however, the mechanism by which AQP1 controls this response is unclear. The C-terminal tail of AQP1 contains putative calcium (EF-hand) and protein binding sites. Thus, we wanted to explore whether the C-terminal tail or the EF-hand motif of AQP1 was required for migration and proliferation. Rat PASMCs were isolated from distal pulmonary arteries, and proliferation and migration were measured using BrdU incorporation and transwell filters, respectively. To deplete AQP1, PASMCs were transfected with AQP1 small interference RNA (siRNA) or nontargeting siRNA. Knockdown of AQP1 reduced basal proliferation and hypoxia-induced migration and proliferation in PASMCs. In subsequent experiments, wild-type AQP1, AQP1 lacking the entire cytoplasmic C-terminal tail, or AQP1 with a mutation in the EF-hand motif were expressed in PASMCs using adenoviral constructs. For all AQP1 constructs, infection increased AQP1 protein levels, water permeability, and the change in cell volume induced by hypotonic challenge. Infection with wild-type and EF-hand mutated AQP1, but not C-terminal-deleted AQP1, increased PASMC migration and proliferation. Our results suggest that AQP1 controls proliferation and migration in PASMCs and that the mechanism requires the C-terminal tail of the protein but is independent of water transport or the EF-hand motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Lai
- 1 Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; and
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Hsu JH, Liou SF, Yang SN, Wu BN, Dai ZK, Chen IJ, Yeh JL, Wu JR. B-type natriuretic peptide inhibits angiotensin II-induced proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Pediatr Pulmonol 2014; 49:734-44. [PMID: 24167111 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.22904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling, characterized by disordered proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), is a pathognomonic feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Thus, pharmacologic strategy targeting on anti-proliferation and anti-migration of PASMCs may have therapeutic implications for PAH. Here we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced proliferation and migration of PASMCs. Proliferation and migration of PASMCs cultured from Wistar rats were induced by Ang II, with or without BNP treatment. In addition, potential underlying mechanisms including cell cycle progression, Ca(2+) overload, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, signal transduction of MAPK and Akt, and the cGMP/PKG pathway were examined. We found that BNP inhibited Ang II-induced PASMCs proliferation and migration dose dependently. BNP could also arrest the cell cycle progression in the G0/G1-phase. In addition, BNP attenuated intracellular calcium overload caused by Ang II. Moreover, Ang II-induced ROS production was mitigated by BNP, with associated down-regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase 1 (Nox1) and reduced mitochondrial ROS production. Finally, Ang II-activated MAPKs and Akt were also counteracted by BNP. Of note, all these effects of BNP were abolished by a PKG inhibitor (Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS). In conclusion, BNP inhibits Ang II-induced PASMCs proliferation and migration. These effects are potentially mediated by decreased calcium influx, reduced ROS production by Nox1 and mitochondria, and down-regulation of MAPK and Akt signal transduction, through the cGMP/PKG pathway. Therefore, this study implicates that BNP may have a therapeutic role in pulmonary vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hau Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Abstract
In the lung, acute reductions in oxygen lead to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, whereas prolonged exposures to hypoxia result in sustained vasoconstriction, pulmonary vascular remodeling, and the development of pulmonary hypertension. Data from both human subjects and animal models implicate a role for hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), oxygen-sensitive transcription factors, in pulmonary vascular responses to both acute and chronic hypoxia. In this review, we discuss work from our laboratory and others supporting a role for HIF in modulating hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and mediating hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, identify some of the downstream targets of HIF, and assess the potential to pharmacologically target the HIF system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Genetic deletion of aquaporin-1 results in microcardia and low blood pressure in mouse with intact nitric oxide-dependent relaxation, but enhanced prostanoids-dependent relaxation. Pflugers Arch 2013; 466:237-51. [PMID: 23873354 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The water channels, aquaporins (AQPs) are key mediators of transcellular fluid transport. However, their expression and role in cardiac tissue is poorly characterized. Particularly, AQP1 was suggested to transport other molecules (nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)) with potential major bearing on cardiovascular physiology. We therefore examined the expression of all AQPs and the phenotype of AQP1 knockout mice (vs. wild-type littermates) under implanted telemetry in vivo, as well as endothelium-dependent relaxation in isolated aortas and resistance vessels ex vivo. Four aquaporins were expressed in wild-type heart tissue (AQP1, AQP7, AQP4, AQP8) and two aquaporins in aortic and mesenteric vessels (AQP1-AQP7). AQP1 was expressed in endothelial as well as cardiac and vascular muscle cells and co-segregated with caveolin-1. AQP1 knockout (KO) mice exhibited a prominent microcardia and decreased myocyte transverse dimensions despite no change in capillary density. Both male and female AQP1 KO mice had lower mean BP, which was not attributable to altered water balance or autonomic dysfunction (from baroreflex and frequency analysis of BP and HR variability). NO-dependent BP variability was unperturbed. Accordingly, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDH(F)) or NO-dependent relaxation were unchanged in aorta or resistance vessels ex vivo. However, AQP1 KO mesenteric vessels exhibited an increase in endothelial prostanoids-dependent relaxation, together with increased expression of COX-2. This enhanced relaxation was abrogated by COX inhibition. We conclude that AQP1 does not regulate the endothelial EDH or NO-dependent relaxation ex vivo or in vivo, but its deletion decreases baseline BP together with increased prostanoids-dependent relaxation in resistance vessels. Strikingly, this was associated with microcardia, unrelated to perturbed angiogenesis. This may raise interest for new inhibitors of AQP1 and their use to treat hypertrophic cardiac remodeling.
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Vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension. J Mol Med (Berl) 2013; 91:297-309. [PMID: 23334338 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-013-0998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a complex, progressive condition arising from a variety of genetic and pathogenic causes. Patients present with a spectrum of histologic and pathophysiological features, likely reflecting the diversity in underlying pathogenesis. It is widely recognized that structural alterations in the vascular wall contribute to all forms of pulmonary hypertension. Features characteristic of the remodeled vasculature in patients with pulmonary hypertension include increased stiffening of the elastic proximal pulmonary arteries, thickening of the intimal and/or medial layer of muscular arteries, development of vaso-occlusive lesions, and the appearance of cells expressing smooth muscle-specific markers in normally non-muscular small diameter vessels, resulting from proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells and cellular transdifferentiation. The development of several animal models of pulmonary hypertension has provided the means to explore the mechanistic underpinnings of pulmonary vascular remodeling, although none of the experimental models currently used entirely replicates the pulmonary arterial hypertension observed in patients. Herein, we provide an overview of the histological abnormalities observed in humans with pulmonary hypertension and in preclinical models and discuss insights gained regarding several key signaling pathways contributing to the remodeling process. In particular, we will focus on the roles of ion homeostasis, endothelin-1, serotonin, bone morphogenetic proteins, Rho kinase, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle and endothelial cells, highlighting areas of cross-talk between these pathways and potentials for therapeutic targeting.
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Shimoda LA. 55th Bowditch Lecture: Effects of chronic hypoxia on the pulmonary circulation: role of HIF-1. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2012; 113:1343-52. [PMID: 22923506 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00843.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
When exposed to chronic hypoxia (CH), the pulmonary circulation responds with enhanced contraction and vascular remodeling, resulting in elevated pulmonary arterial pressures. Our work has identified CH-induced alterations in the expression and activity of several ion channels and transporters in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle that contribute to the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and uncovered a critical role for the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in mediating these responses. Current work is focused on the regulation of HIF in the chronically hypoxic lung and evaluation of the potential for pharmacological inhibitors of HIF to prevent, reverse, or slow the progression of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
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