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Sun Y, Zhou L, Shan X, Zhao T, Cui M, Hao W, Wei B. Untargeted components and in vivo metabolites analyses of Polygonatum under different processing times. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Yu Z, Qin E, Cheng S, Yang H, Liu R, Xu T, Liu Y, Yuan J, Yu S, Yang J, Liang F. Gut microbiome in PCOS associates to serum metabolomics: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22184. [PMID: 36564416 PMCID: PMC9789036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between gut microbiome and chronic metabolic disease including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), is well documented, however, the relationship between the gut microbiota and serum metabolites remains unknown. In this study, untargeted metabolomics together with a 16S rRNA gene sequencing tool was used to detect small molecule serum metabolites and the gut microbiome. We identified 15 differential metabolites between PCOS patients and the healthy control. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (18:2, 20:3, 18:1, P-16:0, 17:0, 15:0, 18:3, 20:4), phosphatidylcholine(PC), ganglioside GA2 (d18:1/16:0) and 1-linoleoylglycerophosphocholine were increased in the PCOS group, and the concentrations of phosphoniodidous acid, bilirubin, nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide and citric acid were decreased in the PCOS group, suggesting a lipid metabolism and energy metabolism disorder in the PCOS patients. The diversity of gut microbiota in PCOS group was lower than that in healthy controls. Escherichia/Shigella, Alistipes and an unnamed strain 0319_6G20 belonging to Proteobacteria were important distinguishing genera (LDA > 3.5) in PCOS. Prevotella_9 was positively correlated with phosphoniodidous acid, nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide and citric acid concentrations, and negatively correlated with the concentration of LPC (20:3) and 1-linoleoylglycerophosphocholine; Roseburia was negatively correlated with LPC concentration (20:4), while the characteristic genus 0319_6G20 of PCOS was positively correlated with LPC concentration (20:3) (COR > 0.45). SF-36 in the PCOS group was significantly lower than that in the healthy control (HC) group, which was associated with the presence of Escherichia-Shigella and Alistipes. Our finding demonstrated the correlation between the gut microbiota and serum metabolites in PCOS, and therefore characteristic gut microbiota and metabolites may play an important role in the insulin resistance and the mood changes of PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yu
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XCollege of Medical Information and Engineering, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Erqi Qin
- Acupuncture Department, Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shirui Cheng
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shi’er Qiao Rd, Chengdu, 610075 Sichuan China
| | - Han Yang
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shi’er Qiao Rd, Chengdu, 610075 Sichuan China
| | - Rui Liu
- grid.266097.c0000 0001 2222 1582Graduate Program in Genetics, Genomics, and Bioinformatics, University of California, Riverside, CA USA
| | - Tian Xu
- grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940Undergraduate Program in Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Yanqin Liu
- Acupuncture Department, Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Gynecology Department, Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuguang Yu
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shi’er Qiao Rd, Chengdu, 610075 Sichuan China
| | - Jie Yang
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shi’er Qiao Rd, Chengdu, 610075 Sichuan China
| | - Fanrong Liang
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XAcupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shi’er Qiao Rd, Chengdu, 610075 Sichuan China
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Engel KM, Schiller J, Galuska CE, Fuchs B. Phospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals - A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine. Front Physiol 2021; 12:732319. [PMID: 34858200 PMCID: PMC8631503 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.732319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids (PL) are converted into lipid biomarkers by the action of phospholipases and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are activated or released under certain physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Therefore, the in vivo concentration of such lipid biomarkers [e.g., lysophospholipids (LPLs)] is altered in humans and animals under different conditions such as inflammation, stress, medication, and nutrition. LPLs are particularly interesting because they are known to possess pro- and anti-inflammatory properties and may be generated by two different pathways: either by the influence of phospholipase A2 or by different reactive oxygen species that are generated in significant amounts under inflammatory conditions. Both lead to the cleavage of unsaturated acyl residues. This review provides a short summary of the mechanisms by which lipid biomarkers are generated under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The focus will be on lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) because usually, this is the LPL species which occurs in the highest concentration and is, thus, easily detectable by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Finally, the effects of lipid biomarkers as signaling molecules and their roles in different human and animal pathologies such as infertility, cancer, atherosclerosis, and aging will be shortly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin M Engel
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christina E Galuska
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Beate Fuchs
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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Lauritano C, Helland K, Riccio G, Andersen JH, Ianora A, Hansen EH. Lysophosphatidylcholines and Chlorophyll-Derived Molecules from the Diatom Cylindrotheca closterium with Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18030166. [PMID: 32192075 PMCID: PMC7143213 DOI: 10.3390/md18030166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have been shown to be excellent producers of lipids, pigments, carbohydrates, and a plethora of secondary metabolites with possible applications in the pharmacological, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical sectors. Recently, various microalgal raw extracts have been found to have anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we performed the fractionation of raw extracts of the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium, previously shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, obtaining five fractions. Fractions C and D were found to significantly inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-⍺) release in LPS-stimulated human monocyte THP-1 cells. A dereplication analysis of these two fractions allowed the identification of their main components. Our data suggest that lysophosphatidylcholines and a breakdown product of chlorophyll, pheophorbide a, were probably responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory activity. Pheophorbide a is known to have anti-inflammatory properties. We tested and confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of 1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, the most abundant lysophosphatidylcholine found in fraction C. This study demonstrated the importance of proper dereplication of bioactive extracts and fractions before isolation of compounds is commenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lauritano
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (A.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-5833-221
| | - Kirsti Helland
- Marbio, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (K.H.); (J.H.A.); (E.H.H.)
| | - Gennaro Riccio
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (A.I.)
| | - Jeanette H. Andersen
- Marbio, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (K.H.); (J.H.A.); (E.H.H.)
| | - Adrianna Ianora
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (A.I.)
| | - Espen H. Hansen
- Marbio, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; (K.H.); (J.H.A.); (E.H.H.)
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Zhang L, Fan Z, Kang H, Wang Y, Liu S, Shan Z. [High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based serum metabolic profiling in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:49-56. [PMID: 30692066 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.01.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the diagnostic value of the serum metabolites identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS A total of 126 patients admitted to Tianjin Third Central Hospital were enrolled, including 27 patients with HBV-related hepatitis with negative viral DNA (DNA-N), 24 with HBV-related hepatitis with positive viral DNA, 24 with HBV-related liver cirrhosis, 27 with HBV-related HCC undergoing surgeries or radiofrequency ablation, and 24 with HBV-related HCC receiving interventional therapy, with 25 healthy volunteers as the normal control group. Serum samples were collected from all the subjects for HPLC/MS analysis, and the data were pretreated to establish an orthogonal partial least- squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model. The differential serum metabolites were preliminarily screened by comparisons between the HBV groups and the control group, and the characteristic metabolites were identified according to the results of non-parametric test. The potential clinical values of these characteristic metabolites were evaluated using receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. RESULTS A total of 25 characteristic metabolites were identified in the HBV- infected patients, including 9 lysophosphatidylcholines, 2 fatty acids, 17α-estradiol, sphinganine, 5-methylcytidine, vitamin K2, lysophosphatidic acid, glycocholic acid and 8 metabolites with few reports. The patients with HBV- related HCC showed 22 differential serum metabolites compared with the control group, 4 differential metabolites compared with patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis; 10 differential metabolites were identified in patients with HBV-related HCC receiving interventional therapy compared with those receiving surgical resection or radiofrequency ablation. From the normal control group to HBV-related HCC treated by interventional therapy, many metabolites underwent variations following a similar pattern. CONCLUSIONS We identified 25 characteristic metabolites in patients with HBV-related HCC, and these metabolites may have potential clinical values in the diagnosis of HBV-related HCC. The continuous change of some of these metabolites may indicate the possibility of tumorigenesis, and some may also have indications for the choice of surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Chemical Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072 China.,Clinical Laboratory Department of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170 China
| | - Zhijuan Fan
- Clinical Laboratory Department of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170 China
| | - Hua Kang
- Clinical Laboratory Department of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170 China
| | - Yufan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory Department of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170 China
| | - Shuye Liu
- Clinical Laboratory Department of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170 China
| | - Zhongqiang Shan
- Chemical Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072 China
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Lang C, Hiller M, Flieger A. Disulfide loop cleavage of Legionella pneumophila PlaA boosts lysophospholipase A activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16313. [PMID: 29176577 PMCID: PMC5701174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
L. pneumophila, an important facultative intracellular bacterium, infects the human lung and environmental protozoa. At least fifteen phospholipases A (PLA) are encoded in its genome. Three of which, namely PlaA, PlaC, and PlaD, belong to the GDSL lipase family abundant in bacteria and higher plants. PlaA is a lysophospholipase A (LPLA) that destabilizes the phagosomal membrane in absence of a protective factor. PlaC shows PLA and glycerophospholipid: cholesterol acyltransferase (GCAT) activities which are activated by zinc metalloproteinase ProA via cleavage of a disulphide loop. In this work, we compared GDSL enzyme activities, their secretion, and activation of PlaA. We found that PlaA majorly contributed to LPLA, PlaC to PLA, and both substrate-dependently to GCAT activity. Western blotting revealed that PlaA and PlaC are type II-secreted and both processed by ProA. Interestingly, ProA steeply increased LPLA but diminished GCAT activity of PlaA. Deletion of 20 amino acids within a predicted disulfide loop of PlaA had the same effect. In summary, we propose a model by which ProA processes PlaA via disulfide loop cleavage leading to a steep increase in LPLA activity. Our results help to further characterize the L. pneumophila GDSL hydrolases, particularly PlaA, an enzyme acting in the Legionella-containing phagosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lang
- Division of Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Legionella (FG11), Robert Koch-Institut, Burgstr. 37, D-38855, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Miriam Hiller
- Division of Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Legionella (FG11), Robert Koch-Institut, Burgstr. 37, D-38855, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Antje Flieger
- Division of Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Legionella (FG11), Robert Koch-Institut, Burgstr. 37, D-38855, Wernigerode, Germany.
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Matta P, Sherrod SD, Marasco CC, Moore DJ, McLean JA, Weitkamp JH. In Utero Exposure to Histological Chorioamnionitis Primes the Exometabolomic Profiles of Preterm CD4 + T Lymphocytes. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2017; 199:3074-3085. [PMID: 28947540 PMCID: PMC5659751 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) is an intrauterine inflammatory condition that increases the risk for preterm birth, death, and disability because of persistent systemic and localized inflammation. The immunological mechanisms sustaining this response in the preterm newborn remain unclear. We sought to determine the consequences of HCA exposure on the fetal CD4+ T lymphocyte exometabolome. We cultured naive CD4+ T lymphocytes from HCA-positive and -negative preterm infants matched for gestational age, sex, race, prenatal steroid exposure, and delivery mode. We collected conditioned media samples before and after a 6-h in vitro activation of naive CD4+ T lymphocytes with soluble staphylococcal enterotoxin B and anti-CD28. We analyzed samples by ultraperformance liquid chromatography ion mobility-mass spectrometry. We determined the impact of HCA on the CD4+ T lymphocyte exometabolome and identified potential biomarker metabolites by multivariate statistical analyses. We discovered that: 1) CD4+ T lymphocytes exposed to HCA exhibit divergent exometabolomic profiles in both naive and activated states; 2) ∼30% of detected metabolites differentially expressed in response to activation were unique to HCA-positive CD4+ T lymphocytes; 3) metabolic pathways associated with glutathione detoxification and tryptophan degradation were altered in HCA-positive CD4+ T lymphocytes; and 4) flow cytometry and cytokine analyses suggested a bias toward a TH1-biased immune response in HCA-positive samples. HCA exposure primes the neonatal adaptive immune processes by inducing changes to the exometabolomic profile of fetal CD4+ T lymphocytes. These exometabolomic changes may link HCA exposure to TH1 polarization of the neonatal adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojitha Matta
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Stacy D Sherrod
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235; and
| | | | - Daniel J Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - John A McLean
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235; and
| | - Joern-Hendrik Weitkamp
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN 37232;
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Hsu PC, Lan RS, Brasky TM, Marian C, Cheema AK, Ressom HW, Loffredo CA, Pickworth WB, Shields PG. Metabolomic profiles of current cigarette smokers. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:594-606. [PMID: 27341184 PMCID: PMC5646689 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Smoking-related biomarkers for lung cancer and other diseases are needed to enhance early detection strategies and to provide a science base for tobacco product regulation. An untargeted metabolomics approach by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF MS) totaling 957 assays was used in a novel experimental design where 105 current smokers smoked two cigarettes 1 h apart. Blood was collected immediately before and after each cigarette allowing for within-subject replication. Dynamic changes of the metabolomic profiles from smokers' four blood samples were observed and biomarkers affected by cigarette smoking were identified. Thirty-one metabolites were definitively shown to be affected by acute effect of cigarette smoking, uniquely including menthol-glucuronide, the reduction of glutamate, oleamide, and 13 glycerophospholipids. This first time identification of a menthol metabolite in smokers' blood serves as proof-of-principle for using metabolomics to identify new tobacco-exposure biomarkers, and also provides new opportunities in studying menthol-containing tobacco products in humans. Gender and race differences also were observed. Network analysis revealed 12 molecules involved in cancer, notably inhibition of cAMP. These novel tobacco-related biomarkers provide new insights to the effects of smoking which may be important in carcinogenesis but not previously linked with tobacco-related diseases. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ching Hsu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Renny S. Lan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Theodore M. Brasky
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Catalin Marian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Biochemistry Department, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Amrita K. Cheema
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC 20057
| | - Habtom W. Ressom
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC 20057
| | | | | | - Peter G. Shields
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Hsu PC, Lan RS, Brasky TM, Marian C, Cheema AK, Ressom HW, Loffredo CA, Pickworth WB, Shields PG. Menthol Smokers: Metabolomic Profiling and Smoking Behavior. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:51-60. [PMID: 27628308 PMCID: PMC5386404 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of menthol in cigarettes and marketing is under consideration for regulation by the FDA. However, the effects of menthol on smoking behavior and carcinogen exposure have been inconclusive. We previously reported metabolomic profiling for cigarette smokers, and novelly identified a menthol-glucuronide (MG) as the most significant metabolite directly related to smoking. Here, MG is studied in relation to smoking behavior and metabolomic profiles. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 105 smokers who smoked two cigarettes in the laboratory one hour apart. Blood nicotine, MG, and exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) boosts were determined (the difference before and after smoking). Spearman correlation, χ2, and ANCOVA adjusted for gender, race, and cotinine levels for menthol smokers assessed the relationship of MG boost, smoking behavior, and metabolic profiles. Multivariate metabolite characterization using supervised partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was carried out for the classification of metabolomics profiles. RESULTS MG boost was positively correlated with CO boost, nicotine boost, average puff volume, puff duration, and total smoke exposure. Classification using PLS-DA, MG was the top metabolite discriminating metabolome of menthol versus nonmenthol smokers. Among menthol smokers, 42 metabolites were significantly correlated with MG boost, which linked to cellular functions, such as of cell death, survival, and movement. CONCLUSIONS Plasma MG boost is a new smoking behavior biomarker that may provide novel information over self-reported use of menthol cigarettes by integrating different smoking measures for understanding smoking behavior and harm of menthol cigarettes. IMPACT These results provide insight into the biological effect of menthol smoking. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(1); 51-60. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ching Hsu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Renny S Lan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Theodore M Brasky
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Catalin Marian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Biochemistry Department, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Amrita K Cheema
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C
| | - Habtom W Ressom
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C
| | | | | | - Peter G Shields
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
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10
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Singh J, Lai AJ, Alaee Y, Ranganathan R. Partitioning of lysolipids, fatty acids and their mixtures in aqueous lipid bilayers: solute concentration/composition effects. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1838:348-54. [PMID: 24099742 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Distributions of lysopalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (LPPC), palmitic acid (PA) and their 1:1 mixtures between water and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayer were determined using a fluorescence probe that selectively detects only the solutes in water. Water solute concentrations were obtained at each of several lipid concentrations. Dynamic Light Scattering experiments confirmed that the lipid/solute aggregates were vesicles in the concentration range investigated. Lipid concentration dependence of the solute component in water was fit to a thermodynamic model of solute distribution between two coexisting solvents. Water/bilayer partition coefficient and the free energy of transfer, for each of these solutes were determined from the fit. Main findings are: (1) Water/bilayer partition coefficient of solute is greater for 2 to 10% solute mole fraction than for 0 to 2%, signaling solute induced bilayer perturbation that increases bilayer solubility, beginning at 2% solute mole fraction. (2) Partition coefficients are in the order LPPC<PA<LPPC+PA at 37°C and LPPC+PA≤LPPC<PA at 50°C. This signifies synergism toward increased solute solubility in the bilayer-gel phase and lack of it in the bilayer-liquid phase when LPPC and PA are present together. Implications of the solute concentration/composition and bilayer phase dependences of the partition coefficients to the reported solute induced enhancements in transmembrane permeability are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Singh
- Department of Physics and the Center for Supramolecular Studies, California State University Northridge, CA 91330-8268, USA
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Nokoff N, Rewers M. Pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes: lessons from natural history studies of high-risk individuals. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1281:1-15. [PMID: 23360422 PMCID: PMC3715099 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by known genetic risk factors with T cell-mediated infiltration and destruction of the beta cells within pancreatic islets. Autoantibodies are the most significant preclinical marker of T1D, and birth cohort studies have provided important insights into the natural history of autoimmunity and T1D. While HLA remains the strongest genetic risk factor, a number of novel gene variants associated with T1D have been found through genome-wide studies, some of which have been linked to suspected environmental risk factors. Multiple environmental factors that have been suggested to play a role in the development of T1D await confirmation. Current risk-stratification models for T1D take into account genetic risk factors and autoantibodies. In the future, metabolic profiles, epigenetics, as well as environmental risk factors may be included in such models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Nokoff
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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12
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Membrane-perturbing effect of fatty acids and lysolipids. Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:130-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Marinković T, Sysi-Aho M, Orešič M. Integrated model of metabolism and autoimmune response in β-cell death and progression to type 1 diabetes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51909. [PMID: 23251651 PMCID: PMC3522595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Progression to type 1 diabetes is characterized by complex interactions of environmental, metabolic and immune system factors, involving both degenerative pathways leading to loss of pancreatic β-cells as well as protective pathways. The interplay between the degenerative and protective pathways may hold the key to disease outcomes, but no models have so far captured the two together. Here we propose a mathematical framework, an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model, which integrates metabolism and the immune system in early stages of disease process. We hypothesize that depending on the degree of regulation, autoimmunity may also play a protective role in the initial response to stressors. We assume that β-cell destruction follows two paths of loss: degenerative and autoimmune-induced loss. The two paths are mutually competing, leading to termination of the degenerative loss and further to elimination of the stress signal and the autoimmune response, and ultimately stopping the β-cell loss. The model describes well our observations from clinical and non-clinical studies and allows exploration of how the rate of β-cell loss depends on the amplitude and duration of autoimmune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marko Sysi-Aho
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Matej Orešič
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
- * E-mail:
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Zhou L, Ding L, Yin P, Lu X, Wang X, Niu J, Gao P, Xu G. Serum metabolic profiling study of hepatocellular carcinoma infected with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:5433-42. [PMID: 22946841 DOI: 10.1021/pr300683a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to explore the common and specific metabolic alterations of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). Serum profiling data revealed that the two HCC groups shared a mainly similar metabolic profile, providing a basis for investigating their common tumor pathogenesis mechanism and early diagnosis biomarkers. Arachidonic acid as a pro-inflammatory precursor increased significantly in the HCC group compared to the cirrhosis and healthy control. And the lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPCs) with polyunsaturated fatty acid acyl chain with potent anti-inflammatory activity significantly decreased in the HCC and cirrhosis groups compared to those in the healthy control group, which may partly contribute to maintaining chronic inflammation and benefit the initiation and progression of the malignant hepatic tumor. The decreased ratios of polyunsaturated lysoPCs to saturated lysoPCs in HCC groups compared to chronic liver diseases infected with HBV or HCV and healthy control further demonstrated that a malignant liver tumor exerts profound influences independent of virus infection. Especially, serum endocannabinoids anandamide (AEA) and palmitylethanolamide (PEA) were found significantly elevated in HCC groups compared to healthy control, and in HCC with HCV compared to corresponding chronic liver diseases. AEA, PEA, or their combination showed better sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve for distinguishing HCC from chronic liver diseases, showing they are potential biomarkers to distinguish the HCC from cirrhosis infected with HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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Koklic T, Trancar J. Lysolipid containing liposomes for transendothelial drug delivery. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:179. [PMID: 22490670 PMCID: PMC3403881 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Designing efficient 'vectors', to deliver therapeutics across endothelial barriers, in a controlled manner, remains one of the key goals of drug development. Recently, transcytosis of liposome encapsulated fluorescence marker calcein across a tight cell barrier was studied. The most efficient liposomes were found to be liposomes containing sufficient amount of alkyl phospholipid (APL) perifosine. APLs have similar structure as lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC), since APLs were synthesized as metabolically stable analogues of LPC, which increases endothelial permeability directly by inducing endothelial cell contraction, resulting in formation of gaps between endothelial cells. Since one of the unique properties of lysolipid, containing liposomal formulations is dynamic equilibrium of lysolipids, which are distributed among liposomes, micelles, and free form, such liposomes represent a reservoir of free lysolipids. On the other hand lysolipid containing liposomes also represent a reservoir of an encapsulated hydrophilic drug. PRESENTATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS We hypothesize that free lysolipids, with highest concentration in vicinity of drug carrying liposomes, compromise endothelial integrity, primarily where concentrations of liposomes is the highest, in a similar manner as LPC, by formation of gaps between endothelial cells. Liposome encapsulated drug, which leaks from liposomes, due to liposome destabilization, caused by lysolipid depletion, can therefore be efficiently transported across the locally compromised endothelial barrier. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS This hypothesis could be verified: by measuring binding of perifosine and other lysolipids to albumin and to lysophospholipid receptor (LPL-R) group; formation of stress fibers and subsequent cell contraction; activation of RhoA, and endothelial barrier dysfunction; by a synthesis of other LPC analogues with high critical micellar concentration and measuring their effect on transendothelial permeability in presence and absence of albumin. IMPLICATIONS OF THE HYPOTHESIS We propose that lysolipid containing liposomal formulations might be used as nonspecific transendothelial transport vector, since leakage of liposome encapsulated active drug occurs simultaneously with the release of the lysolipids. The concentration of the active drug is therefore expected to be the highest at the site of compromised endothelial barrier. By appropriate choice of the lysolipids an endothelial barrier would stay open only for a short time. Use of such liposomes would potentially maximize the delivery of the drug while limiting the passage of toxic substances and pathogens across the endothelial barrier. Combining lysolipid containing liposomes with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles or a targeting ligand might be required to efficiently localize drug delivery to a disease affected tissue and to avoid endothelial disruption over the entire body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilen Koklic
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics F5, Joef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Van Belle TL, Coppieters KT, Von Herrath MG. Type 1 Diabetes: Etiology, Immunology, and Therapeutic Strategies. Physiol Rev 2011; 91:79-118. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00003.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 673] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which destruction or damaging of the beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans results in insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. We only know for sure that autoimmunity is the predominant effector mechanism of T1D, but may not be its primary cause. T1D precipitates in genetically susceptible individuals, very likely as a result of an environmental trigger. Current genetic data point towards the following genes as susceptibility genes: HLA, insulin, PTPN22, IL2Ra, and CTLA4. Epidemiological and other studies suggest a triggering role for enteroviruses, while other microorganisms might provide protection. Efficacious prevention of T1D will require detection of the earliest events in the process. So far, autoantibodies are most widely used as serum biomarker, but T-cell readouts and metabolome studies might strengthen and bring forward diagnosis. Current preventive clinical trials mostly focus on environmental triggers. Therapeutic trials test the efficacy of antigen-specific and antigen-nonspecific immune interventions, but also include restoration of the affected beta-cell mass by islet transplantation, neogenesis and regeneration, and combinations thereof. In this comprehensive review, we explain the genetic, environmental, and immunological data underlying the prevention and intervention strategies to constrain T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom L. Van Belle
- Center for Type 1 Diabetes Research, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California
| | - Ken T. Coppieters
- Center for Type 1 Diabetes Research, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California
| | - Matthias G. Von Herrath
- Center for Type 1 Diabetes Research, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California
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Huopaniemi I, Suvitaival T, Nikkilä J, Oresic M, Kaski S. Multivariate multi-way analysis of multi-source data. Bioinformatics 2010; 26:i391-8. [PMID: 20529933 PMCID: PMC2881359 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Analysis of variance (ANOVA)-type methods are the default tool for the analysis of data with multiple covariates. These tools have been generalized to the multivariate analysis of high-throughput biological datasets, where the main challenge is the problem of small sample size and high dimensionality. However, the existing multi-way analysis methods are not designed for the currently increasingly important experiments where data is obtained from multiple sources. Common examples of such settings include integrated analysis of metabolic and gene expression profiles, or metabolic profiles from several tissues in our case, in a controlled multi-way experimental setup where disease status, medical treatment, gender and time-series are usual covariates. RESULTS We extend the applicability area of multivariate, multi-way ANOVA-type methods to multi-source cases by introducing a novel Bayesian model. The method is capable of finding covariate-related dependencies between the sources. It assumes the measurements consist of groups of similarly behaving variables, and estimates the multivariate covariate effects and their interaction effects for the discovered groups of variables. In particular, the method partitions the effects to those shared between the sources and to source-specific ones. The method is specifically designed for datasets with small sample sizes and high dimensionality. We apply the method to a lipidomics dataset from a lung cancer study with two-way experimental setup, where measurements from several tissues with mostly distinct lipids have been taken. The method is also directly applicable to gene expression and proteomics. AVAILABILITY An R-implementation is available at http://www.cis.hut.fi/projects/mi/software/multiWayCCA/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkka Huopaniemi
- Aalto University School of Science and Technology, Department of Information and Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, PO Box 15400, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.
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Oresic M, Simell S, Sysi-Aho M, Näntö-Salonen K, Seppänen-Laakso T, Parikka V, Katajamaa M, Hekkala A, Mattila I, Keskinen P, Yetukuri L, Reinikainen A, Lähde J, Suortti T, Hakalax J, Simell T, Hyöty H, Veijola R, Ilonen J, Lahesmaa R, Knip M, Simell O. Dysregulation of lipid and amino acid metabolism precedes islet autoimmunity in children who later progress to type 1 diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 205:2975-84. [PMID: 19075291 PMCID: PMC2605239 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20081800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The risk determinants of type 1 diabetes, initiators of autoimmune response, mechanisms regulating progress toward β cell failure, and factors determining time of presentation of clinical diabetes are poorly understood. We investigated changes in the serum metabolome prospectively in children who later progressed to type 1 diabetes. Serum metabolite profiles were compared between sample series drawn from 56 children who progressed to type 1 diabetes and 73 controls who remained nondiabetic and permanently autoantibody negative. Individuals who developed diabetes had reduced serum levels of succinic acid and phosphatidylcholine (PC) at birth, reduced levels of triglycerides and antioxidant ether phospholipids throughout the follow up, and increased levels of proinflammatory lysoPCs several months before seroconversion to autoantibody positivity. The lipid changes were not attributable to HLA-associated genetic risk. The appearance of insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies was preceded by diminished ketoleucine and elevated glutamic acid. The metabolic profile was partially normalized after the seroconversion. Autoimmunity may thus be a relatively late response to the early metabolic disturbances. Recognition of these preautoimmune alterations may aid in studies of disease pathogenesis and may open a time window for novel type 1 diabetes prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Oresic
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.
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Cunningham TJ, Yao L, Lucena A. Product inhibition of secreted phospholipase A2 may explain lysophosphatidylcholines' unexpected therapeutic properties. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2008; 5:17. [PMID: 18945345 PMCID: PMC2580763 DOI: 10.1186/1476-9255-5-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPCs) are products of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzyme activity, and like the enzyme, have a direct role in toxic inflammatory responses in variety of organ systems. Paradoxically, reduced plasma lysoPC levels have been noted in sepsis patients and systemic treatment with lysoPCs is therapeutic in rodent models of sepsis and ischemia. These observations suggest that elevation of plasma levels of these lipids can actually help to relieve serious inflammatory conditions. We demonstrate that specific lysoPCs act as uncompetitive product inhibitors of plasma secreted PLA2 enzymes (sPLA2s), especially under conditions of elevated enzyme activity, thus providing a feedback mechanism for the observed anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds. Methods Thin layer chromatography and mass spectroscopy were used to estimate total lysoPC concentration and the relative contributions of different lysoPC species in rat plasma samples. Kinetic studies of sPLA2 enzyme activity were conducted on these samples ex vivo and on purified group IA sPLA2 in vitro after addition of specific lysoPC species to the reaction mixture. Enzyme activity was also measured in plasma samples of rats injected with these same lysoPCs. Results Palmitoyl (16:0), stearoyl (18:0) are the most abundant lysoPCs in rat plasma consistent with other reports. Kinetic studies demonstrated that both were uncompetitive inhibitors of plasma sPLA2 enzyme activity. In vitro experiments with group IA sPLA2 confirmed the inhibition and the kinetic properties of these lysoPC species. Decanoyl lysoPC (10:0), which was not detected in plasma, did not inhibit enzyme activity in vitro. LysoPC injections into normal rats resulted in "buffering" of plasma sPLA2 activity in a narrow low range, consistent with the activity-dependent inhibition suggested by the ex vivo and in vitro experiments. Conclusion The results may explain the efficacy of lysoPC therapy during periods of elevated inflammatory activity and further highlight the utility uncompetitive enzyme inhibitors. In this case, the inhibitor is a product of the enzyme reaction, and therefore represents an example of activity-driven feedback inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Cunningham
- Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA.
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Schwab U, Seppänen-Laakso T, Yetukuri L, Ågren J, Kolehmainen M, Laaksonen DE, Ruskeepää AL, Gylling H, Uusitupa M, Orešič M. Triacylglycerol fatty acid composition in diet-induced weight loss in subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism--the GENOBIN study. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2630. [PMID: 18612464 PMCID: PMC2440352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 06/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of weight loss on different plasma lipid subclasses at the molecular level is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine whether a diet-induced weight reduction result in changes in the extended plasma lipid profiles (lipidome) in subjects with features of metabolic syndrome in a 33-week intervention. Methodology/Principal Findings Plasma samples of 9 subjects in the weight reduction group and 10 subjects in the control group were analyzed using mass spectrometry based lipidomic and fatty acid analyses. Body weight decreased in the weight reduction group by 7.8±2.9% (p<0.01). Most of the serum triacylglycerols and phosphatidylcholines were reduced. The decrease in triacylglycerols affected predominantly the saturated short chain fatty acids. This decrease of saturated short chain fatty acid containing triacylglycerols correlated with the increase of insulin sensitivity. However, levels of several longer chain fatty acids, including arachidonic and docosahexanoic acid, were not affected by weight loss. Levels of other lipids known to be associated with obesity such as sphingolipids and lysophosphatidylcholines were not altered by weight reduction. Conclusions/Significance Diet-induced weight loss caused significant changes in global lipid profiles in subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism. The observed changes may affect insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in these subjects. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00621205
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Schwab
- School of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food and Health Research Centre, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- * E-mail: (US); (MO)
| | | | | | - Jyrki Ågren
- Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- School of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food and Health Research Centre, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - David E. Laaksonen
- Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Helena Gylling
- School of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food and Health Research Centre, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- School of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food and Health Research Centre, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matej Orešič
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
- * E-mail: (US); (MO)
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Gender-dependent progression of systemic metabolic states in early childhood. Mol Syst Biol 2008; 4:197. [PMID: 18523432 PMCID: PMC2483410 DOI: 10.1038/msb.2008.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the human intra-individual metabolic profile changes over an extended period of time. Here, we introduce a novel concept suggesting that children even at a very young age can be categorized in terms of metabolic state as they advance in development. The hidden Markov models were used as a method for discovering the underlying progression in the metabolic state. We applied the methodology to study metabolic trajectories in children between birth and 4 years of age, based on a series of samples selected from a large birth cohort study. We found multiple previously unknown age- and gender-related metabolome changes of potential medical significance. Specifically, we found that the major developmental state differences between girls and boys are attributed to sphingolipids. In addition, we demonstrated the feasibility of state-based alignment of personal metabolic trajectories. We show that children have different development rates at the level of metabolome and thus the state-based approach may be advantageous when applying metabolome profiling in search of markers for subtle (patho)physiological changes.
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