1
|
Liu X, Liu B, Luo X, Liu Z, Tan X, Zhu K, Ouyang F. Research progress on the role of p53 in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Respir Investig 2024; 62:541-550. [PMID: 38643536 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure. At present, the definitive pathology of PAH has not been elucidated and its effective treatment remains lacking. Despite PAHs having multiple pathogeneses, the cancer-like characteristics of cells have been considered the main reason for PAH progression. RECENT FINDINGS p53 protein, an important tumor suppressor, regulates a multitude of gene expressions to maintain normal cellular functions and suppress the progression of malignant tumors. Recently, p53 has been found to exert multiple biological effects on cardiovascular diseases. Since PAH shares similar metabolic features with cancer cells, the regulatory roles of p53 in PAH are mainly the induction of cell cycle, inhibition of cell proliferation, and promotion of apoptosis. SUMMARY This paper summarized the advanced findings on the molecular mechanisms and regulatory functions of p53 in PAH, aiming to reveal the potential therapeutic targets for PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Biao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Taojiang County People's Hospital, No.328 Taohuaxi Road, Taohuajiang Town, Taojiang County, Yiyang City, 413499, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenfang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoli Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China.
| | - Fan Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, No.116 Changjiangnan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City, 412000, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun MR, Gonzalez S, Huang JB, Zhou Q, Cherukuri A, Adavadkar R, Yan HL, Sun SH, Zhou G, Raj JU, Chen T. Biphasic regulation of miR-17∼92 transcription during hypoxia: roles of HIF1 and p53 hyperphosphorylation at ser15. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 327:L102-L113. [PMID: 38501173 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00127.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
We have reported previously that during hypoxia exposure, the expression of mature miR-17∼92 was first upregulated and then downregulated in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) and in mouse lungs in vitro and in vivo. Here, we investigated the mechanisms regulating this biphasic expression of miR-17∼92 in PASMC in hypoxia. We measured the level of primary miR-17∼92 in PASMC during hypoxia exposure and found that short-term hypoxia exposure (3% O2, 6 h) induced the level of primary miR-17∼92, whereas long-term hypoxia exposure (3% O2, 24 h) decreased its level, suggesting a biphasic regulation of miR-17∼92 expression at the transcriptional level. We found that short-term hypoxia-induced upregulation of miR-17∼92 was hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and E2F1 dependent. Two HIF1α binding sites on miR-17∼92 promoter were identified. We also found that long-term hypoxia-induced suppression of miR-17∼92 expression could be restored by silencing of p53. Mutation of the p53-binding sites in the miR-17∼92 promoter increased miR-17∼92 promoter activity in both normoxia and hypoxia. Our findings suggest that the biphasic transcriptional regulation of miR-17∼92 during hypoxia is controlled by HIF1/E2F1 and p53 in PASMC: during short-term hypoxia exposure, stabilization of HIF1 and induction of E2F1 induce the transcription of miR-17∼92, whereas during long-term hypoxia exposure, hyperphosphorylation of p53 suppresses the expression of miR-17∼92.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We showed that the biphasic transcriptional regulation of miR-17∼92 during hypoxia is controlled by two distinct mechanisms: during short-term hypoxia exposure, induction of HIF1 and E2F1 upregulates miR-17∼92. Longer hypoxia exposure induces hyperphosphorylation of p53 at ser15, which leads to its binding to miR-17∼92 promoter and inhibition of its expression. Our findings provide novel insights into the spatiotemporal regulation of miR-17∼92 that may play a role in the development of human lung diseases including pulmonary hypertension (PH).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda R Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Susana Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Jason B Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Qiyuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Arjun Cherukuri
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Rohan Adavadkar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Hong-Li Yan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Han Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofei Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - J Usha Raj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Children's Hospital University of Illinois, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Tianji Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sugimoto M. Targeting cellular senescence: A promising approach in respiratory diseases. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:60-66. [PMID: 37604771 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence serves as a significant tumor suppression mechanism in mammals. Cellular senescence is induced in response to various stressors and acts as a safeguard against the uncontrolled proliferation of damaged cells that could lead to malignant transformation. Senescent cells also exhibit a distinctive feature known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), wherein they secrete a range of bioactive molecules, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and proteases. These SASP components have both local and systemic effects, influencing the surrounding microenvironment and distant tissues, and have been implicated in the processes of tissue aging and the development of chronic diseases. Recent studies utilizing senolysis models have shed light on the potential therapeutic implications of targeting senescent cells. The targeting of senescent cell may alleviate the detrimental effects associated with cellular senescence and its SASP components. Senolytics have shown promise in preclinical studies for treating age-related pathologies and chronic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Respiratory diseases have emerged as a significant global health concern, responsible for a considerable number of deaths worldwide. Extensive research conducted in both human subjects and animal models has demonstrated the involvement of cellular senescence in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases. Chronic pulmonary conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis have been linked to the accumulation of senescent cells. This review aims to present the findings from research on respiratory diseases that have utilized systems targeting senescent cells and to identify potential therapeutic strategies for the clinical management of these conditions. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 60-66.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Sugimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hopkins CD, Wessel C, Chen O, El-Kersh K, Cathey D, Cave MC, Cai L, Huang J. A hypothesis: Potential contributions of metals to the pathogenesis of pulmonary artery hypertension. Life Sci 2024; 336:122289. [PMID: 38007143 PMCID: PMC10872724 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is characterized by vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling resulting in both increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). The chronic and high-pressure stress experienced by endothelial cells can give rise to inflammation, oxidative stress, and infiltration by immune cells. However, there is no clearly defined mechanism for PAH and available treatment options only provide limited symptomatic relief. Due to the far-reaching effects of metal exposures, the interaction between metals and the pulmonary vasculature is of particular interest. This review will briefly introduce the pathophysiology of PAH and then focus on the potential roles of metals, including essential and non-essential metals in the pathogenic process in the pulmonary arteries and right heart, which may be linked to PAH. Based on available data from human studies of occupational or environmental metal exposure, including lead, antimony, iron, and copper, the hypothesis of metals contributing to the pathogenesis of PAH is proposed as potential risk factors and underlying mechanisms for PAH. We propose that metals may initiate or exacerbate the pathogenesis of PAH, by providing potential mechanism by which metals interact with hypoxia-inducible factor and tumor suppressor p53 to modulate their downstream cellular proliferation pathways. These need further investigation. Additionally, we present future research directions on roles of metals in PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Danielle Hopkins
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Caitlin Wessel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Oscar Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Karim El-Kersh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Dakotah Cathey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Matthew C Cave
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; The Transplant Program at University of Louisville Health - Jewish Hospital Trager Transplant Center, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Jiapeng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; The Transplant Program at University of Louisville Health - Jewish Hospital Trager Transplant Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang T, Zeng Y, Yang Y, Fan H, Deng Y, Chen W, Liu J, Yang F, Li W, Xiao Y. Comprehensive analysis of m 6A methylomes in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2242225. [PMID: 37537976 PMCID: PMC10405774 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2242225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a serious and fatal disease. Recently, m6A has been reported to play an important role in the lungs of IPAH patients and experimental pulmonary hypertension models. However, the meaning of m6A mRNAs in the peripheral blood of IPAH patients remains largely unexplored. We aimed to construct a transcriptome-wide map of m6A mRNAs in the peripheral blood of IPAH patients. M6A RNA Methylation Quantification Kit was utilized to measure the total m6A levels in the peripheral blood of IPAH patients. A combination of MeRIP-seq, RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis was utilized to select m6A-modified hub genes of IPAH. MeRIP-qPCR and RT-qPCR were used to measure the m6A levels and mRNA levels of TP53, RPS27A, SMAD3 and FoxO3 in IPAH patients. Western blot was performed to assess the protein levels of m6A related regulators and m6A related genes in experimental PH animal models, hypoxia-treated and PDGF-BB induced PASMCs. We found that the total m6A levels were increased in peripheral blood of IPAH patients and verified that m6A levels of RPS27A and SMAD3 were significantly elevated and m6A levels of TP53 and FoxO3 were significantly reduced. The mRNA or protein levels of RPS27A, SMAD3, TP53 and FoxO3 were changed in human blood samples, experimental PH animal models and PDGF-BB induced PASMCs. Moreover, METTL3 and YTHDF1 were increased in the hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension rat model, hypoxia-treated and PDGF-BB induced PASMCs. These finding suggested that m6A may play an important role in IPAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yunhong Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoqin Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Youcai Deng
- Institute of Material Medical, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jinqiao Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yunbin Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fayyaz AU, Sabbah MS, Dasari S, Griffiths LG, DuBrock HM, Wang Y, Charlesworth MC, Borlaug BA, Jenkins SM, Edwards WD, Redfield MM. Histologic and proteomic remodeling of the pulmonary veins and arteries in a porcine model of chronic pulmonary venous hypertension. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:268-282. [PMID: 35022664 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS In heart failure (HF), pulmonary venous hypertension (PVH) produces pulmonary hypertension (PH) with remodeling of pulmonary veins (PV) and arteries (PA). In a porcine PVH model, we performed proteomic-based bioinformatics to investigate unique pathophysiologic mechanisms mediating PA and PV remodeling. METHODS AND RESULTS Large PV were banded (PVH, n = 10) or not (Sham, n = 9) in piglets. At sacrifice, PV and PA were perfusion labelled for vessel-specific histology and proteomics. The PA and PV were separately sampled with laser-capture micro-dissection for mass spectrometry. Pulmonary vascular resistance [Wood Units; 8.6 (95% confidence interval: 6.3, 12.3) vs. 2.0 (1.7, 2.3)] and PA [19.9 (standard error of mean, 1.1) vs. 10.3 (1.1)] and PV [14.2 (1.2) vs. 7.6 (1.1)] wall thickness/external diameter (%) were increased in PVH (P < 0.05 for all). Similar numbers of proteins were identified in PA (2093) and PV (2085) with 94% overlap, but biological processes differed. There were more differentially expressed proteins (287 vs. 161), altered canonical pathways (17 vs. 3), and predicted upstream regulators (PUSR; 22 vs. 6) in PV than PA. In PA and PV, bioinformatics indicated activation of the integrated stress response and mammalian target of rapamycin signalling with dysregulated growth. In PV, there was also activation of Rho/Rho-kinase signalling with decreased actin cytoskeletal signalling and altered tight and adherens junctions, ephrin B, and caveolae-mediated endocytosis signalling; all indicating disrupted endothelial barrier function. Indeed, protein biomarkers and the top PUSR in PV (transforming growth factor-beta) suggested endothelial to mesenchymal transition in PV. Findings were similar in human autopsy specimens. CONCLUSION These findings provide new therapeutic targets to oppose pulmonary vascular remodeling in HF-related PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed U Fayyaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael S Sabbah
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Surendra Dasari
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Leigh G Griffiths
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Hilary M DuBrock
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - M Cristine Charlesworth
- Molecular Genome Facility Proteomics Core, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Barry A Borlaug
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sarah M Jenkins
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - William D Edwards
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Margaret M Redfield
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang L, Wan N, Gong F, Wang X, Feng L, Liu G. Transcription factors and potential therapeutic targets for pulmonary hypertension. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1132060. [PMID: 37009479 PMCID: PMC10064017 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1132060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a refractory and fatal disease characterized by excessive pulmonary arterial cell remodeling. Uncontrolled proliferation and hypertrophy of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), dysfunction of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs), and abnormal perivascular infiltration of immune cells result in pulmonary arterial remodeling, followed by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary pressure. Although various drugs targeting nitric oxide, endothelin-1 and prostacyclin pathways have been used in clinical settings, the mortality of pulmonary hypertension remains high. Multiple molecular abnormalities have been implicated in pulmonary hypertension, changes in numerous transcription factors have been identified as key regulators in pulmonary hypertension, and a role for pulmonary vascular remodeling has been highlighted. This review consolidates evidence linking transcription factors and their molecular mechanisms, from pulmonary vascular intima PAECs, vascular media PASMCs, and pulmonary arterial adventitia fibroblasts to pulmonary inflammatory cells. These findings will improve the understanding of particularly interactions between transcription factor-mediated cellular signaling pathways and identify novel therapies for pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Naifu Wan
- Department of Vascular & Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanpeng Gong
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guizhu Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Guizhu Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bhagwani AR, Ali M, Piper B, Liu M, Hudson J, Kelly N, Bogamuwa S, Yang H, Londino JD, Bednash JS, Farkas D, Mallampalli RK, Nicolls MR, Ryan JJ, Thompson AR, Chan SY, Gomez D, Goncharova EA, Farkas L. A p53-TLR3 axis ameliorates pulmonary hypertension by inducing BMPR2 via IRF3. iScience 2023; 26:105935. [PMID: 36685041 PMCID: PMC9852960 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) features pathogenic and abnormal endothelial cells (ECs), and one potential origin is clonal selection. We studied the role of p53 and toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in clonal expansion and pulmonary hypertension (PH) via regulation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMPR2) signaling. ECs of PAH patients had reduced p53 expression. EC-specific p53 knockout exaggerated PH, and clonal expansion reduced p53 and TLR3 expression in rat lung CD117+ ECs. Reduced p53 degradation (Nutlin 3a) abolished clonal EC expansion, induced TLR3 and BMPR2, and ameliorated PH. Polyinosinic/polycytidylic acid [Poly(I:C)] increased BMPR2 signaling in ECs via enhanced binding of interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF3) to the BMPR2 promoter and reduced PH in p53-/- mice but not in mice with impaired TLR3 downstream signaling. Our data show that a p53/TLR3/IRF3 axis regulates BMPR2 expression and signaling in ECs. This link can be exploited for therapy of PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneel R. Bhagwani
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mehboob Ali
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bryce Piper
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mingjun Liu
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jaylen Hudson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Neil Kelly
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Srimathi Bogamuwa
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hu Yang
- Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Missouri S&T, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | - James D. Londino
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Joseph S. Bednash
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Daniela Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rama K. Mallampalli
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mark R. Nicolls
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - John J. Ryan
- College of Humanities & Sciences, Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - A.A. Roger Thompson
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Stephen Y. Chan
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Delphine Gomez
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Elena A. Goncharova
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Körbelin J, Klein J, Matuszcak C, Runge J, Harbaum L, Klose H, Hennigs JK. Transcription factors in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension-Current knowledge and therapeutic potential. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1036096. [PMID: 36684555 PMCID: PMC9853303 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1036096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure. Mortality remains high in severe cases despite significant advances in management and pharmacotherapy. Since currently approved PAH therapies are unable to significantly reverse pathological vessel remodeling, novel disease-modifying, targeted therapeutics are needed. Pathogenetically, PAH is characterized by vessel wall cell dysfunction with consecutive remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature and the right heart. Transcription factors (TFs) regulate the process of transcribing DNA into RNA and, in the pulmonary circulation, control the response of pulmonary vascular cells to macro- and microenvironmental stimuli. Often, TFs form complex protein interaction networks with other TFs or co-factors to allow for fine-tuning of gene expression. Therefore, identification of the underlying molecular mechanisms of TF (dys-)function is essential to develop tailored modulation strategies in PAH. This current review provides a compendium-style overview of TFs and TF complexes associated with PAH pathogenesis and highlights their potential as targets for vasculoregenerative or reverse remodeling therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Körbelin
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Medicine, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,*Correspondence: Jakob Körbelin,
| | - Julius Klein
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Medicine, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Matuszcak
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Medicine, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Runge
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Medicine, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Harbaum
- Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Klose
- Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan K. Hennigs
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Medicine, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Division of Pneumology and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Jan K. Hennigs,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Carecho R, Figueira I, Terrasso AP, Godinho‐Pereira J, de Oliveira Sequeira C, Pereira SA, Milenkovic D, Leist M, Brito C, Nunes dos Santos C. Circulating (Poly)phenol Metabolites: Neuroprotection in a 3D Cell Model of Parkinson's Disease. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100959. [PMID: 34964254 PMCID: PMC9788306 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Diets rich in (poly)phenols have been associated with positive effects on neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Several low-molecular weight (poly)phenol metabolites (LMWPM) are found in the plasma after consumption of (poly)phenol-rich food. It is expected that LMWPM, upon reaching the brain, may have beneficial effects against both oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and possibly attenuate cell death mechanisms relate to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in PD. METHODS AND RESULTS This study investigates the neuroprotective potential of two blood-brain barrier permeant LMWPM, catechol-O-sulfate (cat-sulf), and pyrogallol-O-sulfate (pyr-sulf), in a human 3D cell model of PD. Neurospheroids were generated from LUHMES neuronal precursor cells and challenged by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) to induce neuronal stress. LMWPM pretreatments were differently neuroprotective towards MPP+ insult, presenting distinct effects on the neuronal transcriptome. Particularly, cat-sulf pretreatment appeared to boost counter-regulatory defense mechanisms (preconditioning). When MPP+ is applied, both LMWPM positively modulated glutathione metabolism and heat-shock response, as also favorably shifting the balance of pro/anti-apoptotic proteins. CONCLUSIONS Our findings point to the potential of LMWPM to trigger molecular mechanisms that help dopaminergic neurons to cope with a subsequent toxic insult. They are promising molecules to be further explored in the context of preventing and attenuating parkinsonian neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Carecho
- CEDOCNOVA Medical SchoolFaculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa1150‐082LisboaPortugal
- ITQBInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2780‐157OeirasPortugal
| | - Inês Figueira
- CEDOCNOVA Medical SchoolFaculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa1150‐082LisboaPortugal
| | - Ana Paula Terrasso
- ITQBInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2780‐157OeirasPortugal
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica2781–901OeirasPortugal
| | - Joana Godinho‐Pereira
- ITQBInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2780‐157OeirasPortugal
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica2781–901OeirasPortugal
| | | | - Sofia Azeredo Pereira
- CEDOCNOVA Medical SchoolFaculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa1150‐082LisboaPortugal
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- INRAEUNHUniversité Clermont Auvergne63122St Genes ChampanelleFrance
- Department of NutritionUniversity of California Davis95616DavisCAUSA
| | - Marcel Leist
- In‐vitro Toxicology and BiomedicineUniversity of Konstanz78457ConstanceGermany
| | - Catarina Brito
- ITQBInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2780‐157OeirasPortugal
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica2781–901OeirasPortugal
| | - Cláudia Nunes dos Santos
- CEDOCNOVA Medical SchoolFaculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa1150‐082LisboaPortugal
- ITQBInstituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2780‐157OeirasPortugal
- iBETInstituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica2781–901OeirasPortugal
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bioinformatics Analysis of Common Genetic and Molecular Traits and Association of Portal Hypertension with Pulmonary Hypertension. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:9237701. [PMID: 36312597 PMCID: PMC9613398 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9237701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Portal hypertension (PH) is an important cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH), but its mechanism is still unclear. We used genetic data analysis to explore the shared genes and molecular mechanisms of PH and PAH. We downloaded the PH and PAH data from the GEO database, and used the weighted gene coexpression network analysis method (WGCNA) to analyze the coexpression modules of idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension (INCPH) and cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH) and pulmonary hypertension, respectively. Enrichment analysis was performed on the common genes, and differential gene expressions (DEGs) were used for verification. The target genes of INCPH and PAH were obtained by string and cytoscape software, and the miRNAs of target genes were predicted by miRwalk, miRDB, and TargetScan and their biological functions were analyzed; finally, we used PanglaoDB to predict the expression of target genes in cells. In WGCNA, gene modules significantly related to PAH, CPH, and INCPH were identified, and enrichment function analysis showed that the common pathway of PAH and CPH were “P53 signaling pathway,” “synthesis of neutral lipids”; PAH and INCPH are “terminal,” “Maintenance Regulation of Granules,” and “Toxin Transport.” DEGs confirmed the results of WGCNA; the common miRNA functions of PAH and cirrhosis were enriched for “P53 signaling pathway,” “TGF-β signaling pathway,” “TNF signaling pathway,” and “fatty acid metabolism,” and the miRNAs-mRNAs network suggested that hsa-miR-22a-3p regulates MDM2 and hsa-miR-34a-5p regulates PRDX4; the target genes of PAH and INCPH are EIF5B, HSPA4, GNL3, RARS, UTP20, HNRNPA2B1, HSP90B1, METAP2, NARS, SACM1L, and their target miRNA function enrichment showed EIF5B, HNRNPA2B1, HSP90B1, METAP2, NARS, SACM1L, and HSPA4 are associated with telomeres and inflammation, panglaoDB showed that target genes are located in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, etc. In conclusion, the mechanism of pulmonary hypertension induced by portal hypertension may be related to telomere dysfunction and P53 overactivation, and lipid metabolism and intestinal inflammation are also involved in this process.
Collapse
|
12
|
Chan GHH, Chan E, Kwok CTK, Leung GPH, Lee SMY, Seto SW. The role of p53 in the alternation of vascular functions. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:981152. [PMID: 36147350 PMCID: PMC9485942 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.981152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a risk factor for many degenerative diseases. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are usually big burdens for elderly, caregivers and the health system. During the aging process, normal functions of vascular cells and tissue progressively lost and eventually develop vascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction, reduced bioavailability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide are usual phenomena observed in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Myriad of studies have been done to investigate to delay the vascular dysfunction or improve the vascular function to prolong the aging process. Tumor suppressor gene p53, also a transcription factor, act as a gatekeeper to regulate a number of genes to maintain normal cell function including but not limited to cell proliferation, cell apoptosis. p53 also crosstalk with other key transcription factors like hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha that contribute to the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, in recent three decades, p53 has drawn scientists’ attention on its effects in vascular function. Though the role of tumor suppressor gene p53 is still not clear in vascular function, it is found to play regulatory roles and may involve in vascular remodeling, atherosclerosis or pulmonary hypertension. p53 may have a divergent role in endothelial and vascular muscle cells in those conditions. In this review, we describe the different effects of p53 in cardiovascular physiology. Further studies on the effects of endothelial cell-specific p53 deficiency on atherosclerotic plaque formation in common animal models are required before the therapeutic potential can be realized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Hoi-Huen Chan
- Division of Science, Engineering and Health Studies, College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Enoch Chan
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Carsten Tsun-Ka Kwok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - George Pak-Heng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, China
| | - Sai-Wang Seto
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Sai-Wang Seto,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Murugesan P, Zhang Y, Youn JY, Cai H. Novel and robust treatment of pulmonary hypertension with netrin-1 and netrin-1-derived small peptides. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102348. [PMID: 35830752 PMCID: PMC9287481 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited medical therapies have been implemented for the treatment of the devastating cardiorespiratory disease of pulmonary hypertension (PH) while none of which is sufficiently effective to stop or regress development of PH. We have previously shown that netrin-1, an axon-guiding protein during development, protects against ischemia reperfusion injury induced myocardial infarction via modest and stable production of nitric oxide (NO) and attenuation of oxidative stress. Since NO deficiency and oxidative stress-mediated vascular remodeling play important roles in the pathogenesis of PH, our present study investigated therapeutic effects on PH of netrin-1 and its derived small peptides. Infused into mice for 3 weeks during exposure to hypoxia, netrin-1 and netrin-1 derived small peptides V1, V2 or V3 substantially alleviated pathophysiological and molecular features of PH, as indicated by abrogated increases in mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), attenuated right ventricular hypertrophy, diminished vascular remodeling of medial thickening and upregulation in smooth muscle alpha-actin (SMA) and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and alleviated perivascular and peribronchial fibrosis reflected by collagen deposition. NO bioavailability was substantially improved by treatment with netrin-1 and netrin-1 derived small peptides, while hypoxia induced increases in total superoxide production and eNOS uncoupling activity were all attenuated. These dual mechanisms of increasing NO bioavailability and decreasing oxidative stress at the same time, underlie robust protective effects on PH of netrin-1 and its derived small peptides, which are different from existing medications that primarily target NO signaling alone. Our data for the first time demonstrate intriguing findings that netrin-1 and netrin-1 derived small peptides can be used as novel and robust therapeutics for the treatment of PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Murugesan
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, United States
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, United States
| | - Ji Youn Youn
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, United States
| | - Hua Cai
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yamamura K, Nojiri M, Nishiki K, Kato R, Shinomiya S, Takahara Y, Oikawa T, Ishizaki T, Toga H, Mizuno S. Serum Derivatives of Reactive Oxygen Metabolites are Associated with Severity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Affected by a p53 Gene Polymorphism. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022; 17:1589-1600. [PMID: 35854898 PMCID: PMC9289177 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s366792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Oxidative stress is known to activate tumor suppressor p53, which inhibits cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis. Levels of p53 in lung tissues from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are increased compared with levels in nonsmokers or smokers without emphysema. A polymorphism in p53 codon 72 (rs1042522) is associated with emphysematous changes in patients with COPD. However, whether oxidative stress in the serum is associated with the p53 polymorphism and disease severity in COPD patients is unclear. Patients and Methods A total of 251 patients with a history of smoking more than 10 pack-years were enrolled in this study, and serum levels of derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs), biological antioxidant potential (BAP), and d-ROMs/BAP ratio (oxidative stress index; OSI) were measured. The percent low-attenuation area (LAA%) and cross-sectional area of the erector spinae muscles (ESMCSA) at the Th12 level were calculated from chest high-resolution computed tomography images. p53 codon 72 C/G genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results In patients carrying the p53 GG genotype, LAA% was significantly higher than in those carrying the CC genotype. d-ROM levels and OSI were associated with COPD severity and correlated with airflow limitation and markers of muscle atrophy (ESMCSA and creatinine/cystatin C ratio). Associations between markers of oxidative stress and COPD severity were observed primarily in patients carrying the p53 codon 72 GG genotype. Conclusion Susceptibility to pulmonary emphysema and responses to oxidative stress may be affected by the p53 gene polymorphism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Yamamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nojiri
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nishiki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Kato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shohei Shinomiya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Taku Oikawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishizaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Toga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shiro Mizuno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu L, Wei Y, Giunta S, He Q, Xia S. Potential Role of Cellular Senescence in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:1042-1049. [PMID: 35748218 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and chronic lung vasculature disease characterized by pulmonary vasculature remodeling, including abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and dysfunctional endothelial cells (ECs). Remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature occurs from maturity to senescence, and it has become apparent that cellular senescence plays a central role in the pathogenesis of various degenerative vascular diseases and pulmonary pathologies. Cellular senescence represents a state of stable proliferative arrest accompanied by the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which entails the copious secretion of proinflammatory signals in the tissue microenvironment. Evidences show that in PAH patients, higher levels of cytokines, chemokines, and inflammatory mediators can be detected and correlate with clinical outcome. Moreover, senescent cells accrue with age in epithelial, endothelial, fibroblastic, and immunological compartments within human lungs, and evidence showed that ECs and PASMCs in lungs from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were characterized by a higher number of senescent cells. However, there is little evidence uncovering the molecular pulmonary vasculature senescence in PAH. Herein, we review the cellular senescence in pulmonary vascular remodeling, and emphasize its importance in PAH. We further introduce some signaling pathways which might be involved in vasculature senescence and PAH, with the intent to discuss the possibility of the PAH therapy via targeting cellular senescence and reduce PAH progression and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lumei Liu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yaqin Wei
- Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Sergio Giunta
- Casa di Cura Prof. Nobili-GHC Garofalo Health Care, Bologna, Italy
| | - Qinghu He
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China.,Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, PR China
| | - Shijin Xia
- Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hsieh MCW, Wang WT, Yeh JL, Lin CY, Kuo YR, Lee SS, Hou MF, Wu YC. The Potential Application and Promising Role of Targeted Therapy in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061415. [PMID: 35740436 PMCID: PMC9220101 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare yet serious progressive disorder that is currently incurable. This female-predominant disease unfolds as a pan-vasculopathy that affects all layers of the vessel wall. Five classes of pharmacological agents currently exist to target the three major cellular signaling pathways identified in PAH but are incapable of effectively reversing the disease progression. While several targets have been identified for therapy, none of the current PAH specific therapies are curative and cost-effective as they fail to reverse vascular remodeling and do not address the cancer-like features of PAH. Our purpose is to review the current literature on the therapeutic management of PAH, as well as the molecular targets under consideration for therapy so as to shed light on the potential role and future promise of novel strategies in treating this high-mortality disease. This review study summarizes and discusses the potential therapeutic targets to be employed against PAH. In addition to the three major conventional pathways already used in PAH therapy, targeting PDGF/PDGFR signaling, regulators in glycolytic metabolism, PI3K/AKT pathways, mitochondrial heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), and bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins by using their specific inhibitors, or a pharmacological induction of the p53 expression, could be attractive strategies for treating PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chien Willie Hsieh
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.H.); (W.-T.W.); (Y.-R.K.); (S.-S.L.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Wang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.H.); (W.-T.W.); (Y.-R.K.); (S.-S.L.)
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Chuang-Yu Lin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Yur-Ren Kuo
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.H.); (W.-T.W.); (Y.-R.K.); (S.-S.L.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Su-Shin Lee
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.H.); (W.-T.W.); (Y.-R.K.); (S.-S.L.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Wu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (M.-C.W.H.); (W.-T.W.); (Y.-R.K.); (S.-S.L.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 7675)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Le Vely B, Phan C, Berrebeh N, Thuillet R, Ottaviani M, Chelgham MK, Chaumais MC, Amazit L, Humbert M, Huertas A, Guignabert C, Tu L. Loss of cAbl Tyrosine Kinase in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Causes Dysfunction of Vascular Endothelial Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:215-226. [PMID: 35550008 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0332oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and fatal disease characterized by the dysfunction of pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs) and obstructive vascular remodeling. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Abelson (cAbl) plays central roles in regulating cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence after cellular stress. We hypothesized that cAbl is down-activated in experimental and human PAH, thus leading to reduced DNA integrity and angiogenic capacity of pulmonary ECs from PAH patients (PAH-ECs). We found cAbl and phosphorylated cAbl levels to be lower in the endothelium of remodeled pulmonary vessels in the lungs of PAH patients than controls. Similar observations were obtained for the lungs of sugen+hypoxia (SuHx) and monocrotaline (MCT) rats with established pulmonary hypertension. These in situ abnormalities were also replicated in vitro, with cultured PAH-ECs displaying lower cAbl expression and activity and an altered DNA damage response and capacity of tube formation. Downregulation of cAbl by RNA-interference in Control-ECs or its inhibition with dasatinib resulted in genomic instability and the failure to form tubes, whereas upregulation of cAbl with DPH reduced DNA damage and apoptosis in PAH-ECs. Finally, we establish the existence of crosstalk between cAbl and bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPRII). This work identifies the loss of cAbl signaling as a novel contributor to pulmonary EC dysfunction associated with PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Le Vely
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Carole Phan
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Nihel Berrebeh
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Raphaël Thuillet
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Mina Ottaviani
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Mustapha Kamel Chelgham
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Marie-Camille Chaumais
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Pharmacie, 70620, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Larbi Amazit
- Institut Biomédical de Bicêtre, 46657, UMS_44, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.,Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, 26930, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Alice Huertas
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.,Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, 26930, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Ly Tu
- INSERM, 27102, UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Saclay Faculté de Médecine, 89691, UMR_S 999, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Teng C, Li B, Lin C, Xing X, Huang F, Yang Y, Li Y, Azevedo HS, He W. Targeted delivery of baicalein-p53 complex to smooth muscle cells reverses pulmonary hypertension. J Control Release 2021; 341:591-604. [PMID: 34896449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an uncommon and deadly cardiopulmonary disease. PAH stems essentially from pulmonary artery (PA) remodeling induced predominantly by over-proliferation of PA smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and inflammation. However, effective treatments are still missing in the clinic because the available drugs consisting of vasodilators are aimed to attenuate PAH symptoms rather than inhibit the remodeling process. Here, we aimed to specifically co-deliver apoptotic executor gene p53 and anti-inflammatory baicalein to PASMCs to alleviate PAH. The targeted co-delivery system was prepared through a carrier-free approach, which was prepared by loading the conjugate, NLS (nuclear localization signal) peptide-p53 gene, onto the baicalein pure crystals, followed by coating with glucuronic acid (GA) for targeting the glucose transport-1 (GLUT-1). The co-delivery system developed has a 200-nm diameter with a rod shape and a drug-loading capacity of 62% (w/w). The prepared system was shown to target PASMCs in vitro and enabled effective gene transfection, efficient apoptosis, and inflammation suppression. In vivo, via targeting the axis lung-PAs-PASMCs, the co-delivery reversed monocrotaline-induced PAH by reducing pulmonary artery pressure, downregulating the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α, and inhibiting remodeling of both PAs and right ventricular. The potent efficacy may closely correlate with the activation of the signaling axis Bax/Bcl-2/Cas-3. Overall, our results indicate that the co-delivery system holds a significant potential to target the axis of lung-PAs-PASMCs and treat PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Teng
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Bingbing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chenshi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xuyang Xing
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Helena S Azevedo
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Wei He
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Roger I, Milara J, Belhadj N, Cortijo J. Senescence Alterations in Pulmonary Hypertension. Cells 2021; 10:3456. [PMID: 34943963 PMCID: PMC8700581 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is the arrest of normal cell division and is commonly associated with aging. The interest in the role of cellular senescence in lung diseases derives from the observation of markers of senescence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and pulmonary hypertension (PH). Accumulation of senescent cells and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype in the lung of aged patients may lead to mild persistent inflammation, which results in tissue damage. Oxidative stress due to environmental exposures such as cigarette smoke also promotes cellular senescence, together with additional forms of cellular stress such as mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Growing recent evidence indicate that senescent cell phenotypes are observed in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells of patients with PH, contributing to pulmonary artery remodeling and PH development. In this review, we analyze the role of different senescence cell phenotypes contributing to the pulmonary artery remodeling process in different PH clinical entities. Different molecular pathway activation and cellular functions derived from senescence activation will be analyzed and discussed as promising targets to develop future senotherapies as promising treatments to attenuate pulmonary artery remodeling in PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inés Roger
- Centro de Investigación en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Javier Milara
- Centro de Investigación en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Pharmacy Unit, University General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain
| | - Nada Belhadj
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Centro de Investigación en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Research and Teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 46014 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jung SM, Park KS, Kim KJ. Integrative analysis of lung molecular signatures reveals key drivers of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 81:108-116. [PMID: 34380701 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interstitial lung disease is a significant comorbidity and the leading cause of mortality in patients with systemic sclerosis. Transcriptomic data of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) were analysed to evaluate the salient molecular and cellular signatures in comparison with those in related pulmonary diseases and to identify the key driver genes and target molecules in the disease module. METHODS A transcriptomic dataset of lung tissues from patients with SSc-ILD (n=52), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n=549), non-specific interstitial pneumonia (n=49) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (n=81) and from normal healthy controls (n=331) was subjected to filtration of differentially expressed genes, functional enrichment analysis, network-based key driver analysis and kernel-based diffusion scoring. The association of enriched pathways with clinical parameters was evaluated in patients with SSc-ILD. RESULTS SSc-ILD shared key pathogenic pathways with other fibrosing pulmonary diseases but was distinguishable in some pathological processes. SSc-ILD showed general similarity with IPF in molecular and cellular signatures but stronger signals for myofibroblasts, which in SSc-ILD were in a senescent and apoptosis-resistant state. The p53 signalling pathway was the most enriched signature in lung tissues and lung fibroblasts of SSc-ILD, and was significantly correlated with carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of lung, cellular senescence and apoptosis. EEF2, EFF2K, PHKG2, VCAM1, PRKACB, ITGA4, CDK1, CDK2, FN1 and HDAC1 were key regulators with high diffusion scores in the disease module. CONCLUSIONS Integrative transcriptomic analysis of lung tissues revealed key signatures of fibrosis in SSc-ILD. A network-based Bayesian approach provides deep insights into key regulatory genes and molecular targets applicable to treating SSc-ILD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Jung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Su Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Jo Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Padmasekar M, Savai R, Seeger W, Pullamsetti SS. Exposomes to Exosomes: Exosomes as Tools to Study Epigenetic Adaptive Mechanisms in High-Altitude Humans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8280. [PMID: 34444030 PMCID: PMC8392481 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Humans on earth inhabit a wide range of environmental conditions and some environments are more challenging for human survival than others. However, many living beings, including humans, have developed adaptive mechanisms to live in such inhospitable, harsh environments. Among different difficult environments, high-altitude living is especially demanding because of diminished partial pressure of oxygen and resulting chronic hypobaric hypoxia. This results in poor blood oxygenation and reduces aerobic oxidative respiration in the mitochondria, leading to increased reactive oxygen species generation and activation of hypoxia-inducible gene expression. Genetic mechanisms in the adaptation to high altitude is well-studied, but there are only limited studies regarding the role of epigenetic mechanisms. The purpose of this review is to understand the epigenetic mechanisms behind high-altitude adaptive and maladaptive phenotypes. Hypobaric hypoxia is a form of cellular hypoxia, which is similar to the one suffered by critically-ill hypoxemia patients. Thus, understanding the adaptive epigenetic signals operating in in high-altitude adjusted indigenous populations may help in therapeutically modulating signaling pathways in hypoxemia patients by copying the most successful epigenotype. In addition, we have summarized the current information about exosomes in hypoxia research and prospects to use them as diagnostic tools to study the epigenome of high-altitude adapted healthy or maladapted individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manju Padmasekar
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (M.P.); (R.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (M.P.); (R.S.); (W.S.)
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (M.P.); (R.S.); (W.S.)
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; (M.P.); (R.S.); (W.S.)
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cui X, Pan G, Chen Y, Guo X, Liu T, Zhang J, Yang X, Cheng M, Gao H, Jiang F. The p53 pathway in vasculature revisited: A therapeutic target for pathological vascular remodeling? Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105683. [PMID: 34019981 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pathological vascular remodeling contributes to the development of restenosis following intraluminal interventions, transplant vasculopathy, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Activation of the tumor suppressor p53 may counteract vascular remodeling by inhibiting aberrant proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and repressing vascular inflammation. In particular, the development of different lines of small-molecule p53 activators ignites the hope of treating remodeling-associated vascular diseases by targeting p53 pharmacologically. In this review, we discuss the relationships between p53 and pathological vascular remodeling, and summarize current experimental data suggesting that drugging the p53 pathway may represent a novel strategy to prevent the development of vascular remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Cui
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guopin Pan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaosun Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haiqing Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wu P, Xie X, Chen M, Sun J, Cai L, Wei J, Yang L, Huang X, Wang L. Elucidation of the Mechanisms and Molecular Targets of Qishen Yiqi Formula for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension using a Bioinformatics/Network Topology-based Strategy. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 24:701-715. [PMID: 33076804 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666201019145354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Qishen Yiqi formula (QSYQ) is used to treat cardiovascular disease in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine. However, few studies have explored whether QSYQ affects pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and the mechanisms of action and molecular targets of QSYQ for the treatment of PAH are unclear. A bioinformatics/network topology-based strategy was used to identify the bioactive ingredients, putative targets, and molecular mechanisms of QSYQ in PAH. METHODS A network pharmacology-based strategy was employed by integrating active component gathering, target prediction, PAH gene collection, network topology, and gene enrichment analysis to systematically explore the multicomponent synergistic mechanisms. RESULTS In total, 107 bioactive ingredients of QSYQ and 228 ingredient targets were identified. Moreover, 234 PAH-related differentially expressed genes with a |fold change| >2 and an adjusted P value < 0.005 were identified between the PAH patient and control groups, and 266 therapeutic targets were identified. The pathway enrichment analysis indicated that 85 pathways, including the PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and HIF-1 signaling pathways, were significantly enriched. TP53 was the core target gene, and 7 other top genes (MAPK1, RELA, NFKB1, CDKN1A, AKT1, MYC, and MDM2) were the key genes in the gene-pathway network based on the effects of QSYQ on PAH. CONCLUSION An integrative investigation based on network pharmacology may elucidate the multicomponent synergistic mechanisms of QSYQ in PAH and lay a foundation for further animal experiments, human clinical trials and rational clinical applications of QSYQ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiliang Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiaona Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Mayun Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Junwei Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Luqiong Cai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jinqiu Wei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Liangxing Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu X, Feng H, Dai C, Lu W, Zhang J, Guo X, Yin Q, Wang J, Cui X, Jiang F. Therapeutic efficacy of the novel selective RNA polymerase I inhibitor CX-5461 on pulmonary arterial hypertension and associated vascular remodelling. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:1605-1619. [PMID: 33486761 PMCID: PMC9328314 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose CX‐5461 is a novel selective RNA polymerase I (Pol I) inhibitor. Previously, we found that CX‐5461 could inhibit pathological arterial remodelling caused by angioplasty and transplantation. In the present study, we explored the pharmacological effects of CX‐5461 on experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and PAH‐associated vascular remodelling. Experimental Approach PAH was induced in Sprague–Dawley rats by monocrotaline or Sugen/hypoxia. Key Results We demonstrated that CX‐5461 was well tolerated for in vivo treatments. CX‐5461 prevented the development of pulmonary arterial remodelling, perivascular inflammation, pulmonary hypertension, and improved survival. More importantly, CX‐5461 partly reversed established pulmonary hypertension. In vitro, CX‐5461 induced cell cycle arrest in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. The beneficial effects of CX‐5461 in vivo and in vitro were associated with increased activation (phosphorylation) of p53. Conclusion and Implications Our results suggest that pharmacological inhibition of Pol I may be a novel therapeutic strategy to treat otherwise drug‐resistant PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xu
- Department of Geriatrics & Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chaochao Dai
- Department of Geriatrics & Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weida Lu
- Department of Geriatrics & Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaosun Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qihui Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaopei Cui
- Department of Geriatrics & Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics & Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu H, Wang N, Li J, Wang W, Han W, Li Q. AAV1-Mediated shRNA Knockdown of SASH1 in Rat Bronchus Attenuates Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Artery Remodeling. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:796-805. [PMID: 33297837 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a proliferative disease characterized by pulmonary arterial remodeling (PAR). SAM and SH3 domain containing 1 (SASH1) is a novel tumor suppressor gene whose biological function in PH is unclear. In this study, a hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) rat model was constructed to explore the role of SASH1 in PAR. Histopathological changes in the lung tissue and hemodynamic alteration were detected in SASH1-knockdown rats through adeno-associated virus type-1 (AAV1) infection. In vitro, primary human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) were transfected with SASH1siRNA to investigate the effects of SASH1 on hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration. The molecular mechanisms associated with SASH1 were explored through knockdown and overexpression approaches. We found that SASH1 expression was significantly increased in rat pulmonary arteries and HPASMCs after hypoxia exposure. In vivo, silencing the SASH1 gene expression improved HPH in rats. The SASH1 downregulation inhibited proliferation and migration of hypoxia-induced HPASMCs. The protein expression of phospho-AKT (known as protein kinase B), proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in HPASMCs were increased after SASH1 overexpression, whereas these effects were inhibited by SASH1 knockdown. In conclusion, SASH1 downregulation improved hypoxia-induced PAR and PH. SASH1 may be a novel target for PH gene therapy in the era of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and.,Departments of Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Jun Li
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Wenting Wang
- Departments of Oncology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Han
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and.,Departments of Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghai Li
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and.,Departments of Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hennigs JK, Cao A, Li CG, Shi M, Mienert J, Miyagawa K, Körbelin J, Marciano DP, Chen PI, Roughley M, Elliott MV, Harper RL, Bill M, Chappell J, Moonen JR, Diebold I, Wang L, Snyder MP, Rabinovitch M. PPARγ-p53-Mediated Vasculoregenerative Program to Reverse Pulmonary Hypertension. Circ Res 2021; 128:401-418. [PMID: 33322916 PMCID: PMC7908816 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE In pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), endothelial dysfunction and obliterative vascular disease are associated with DNA damage and impaired signaling of BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor) via two downstream transcription factors, PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma), and p53. OBJECTIVE We investigated the vasculoprotective and regenerative potential of a newly identified PPARγ-p53 transcription factor complex in the pulmonary endothelium. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we identified a pharmacologically inducible vasculoprotective mechanism in pulmonary arterial and lung MV (microvascular) endothelial cells in response to DNA damage and oxidant stress regulated in part by a BMPR2 dependent transcription factor complex between PPARγ and p53. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA-sequencing established an inducible PPARγ-p53 mediated regenerative program regulating 19 genes involved in lung endothelial cell survival, angiogenesis and DNA repair including, EPHA2 (ephrin type-A receptor 2), FHL2 (four and a half LIM domains protein 2), JAG1 (jagged 1), SULF2 (extracellular sulfatase Sulf-2), and TIGAR (TP53-inducible glycolysis and apoptosis regulator). Expression of these genes was partially impaired when the PPARγ-p53 complex was pharmacologically disrupted or when BMPR2 was reduced in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) subjected to oxidative stress. In endothelial cell-specific Bmpr2-knockout mice unable to stabilize p53 in endothelial cells under oxidative stress, Nutlin-3 rescued endothelial p53 and PPARγ-p53 complex formation and induced target genes, such as APLN (apelin) and JAG1, to regenerate pulmonary microvessels and reverse pulmonary hypertension. In PAECs from BMPR2 mutant PAH patients, pharmacological induction of p53 and PPARγ-p53 genes repaired damaged DNA utilizing genes from the nucleotide excision repair pathway without provoking PAEC apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS We identified a novel therapeutic strategy that activates a vasculoprotective gene regulation program in PAECs downstream of dysfunctional BMPR2 to rehabilitate PAH PAECs, regenerate pulmonary microvessels, and reverse disease. Our studies pave the way for p53-based vasculoregenerative therapies for PAH by extending the therapeutic focus to PAEC dysfunction and to DNA damage associated with PAH progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan K. Hennigs
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pneumology & Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg
- II. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aiqin Cao
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Caiyun G. Li
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Minyi Shi
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julia Mienert
- Department of Pneumology & Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg
- II. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kazuya Miyagawa
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jakob Körbelin
- Department of Pneumology & Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg
- II. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - David P. Marciano
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Pin-I Chen
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Roughley
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew V. Elliott
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Harper
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Bill
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - James Chappell
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jan-Renier Moonen
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Isabel Diebold
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lingli Wang
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
MicroRNA-34a: the bad guy in age-related vascular diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7355-7378. [PMID: 34698884 PMCID: PMC8629897 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The age-related vasculature alteration is the prominent risk factor for vascular diseases (VD), namely, atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, vascular calcification (VC) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The chronic sterile low-grade inflammation state, alias inflammaging, characterizes elderly people and participates in VD development. MicroRNA34-a (miR-34a) is emerging as an important mediator of inflammaging and VD. miR-34a increases with aging in vessels and induces senescence and the acquisition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in vascular smooth muscle (VSMCs) and endothelial (ECs) cells. Similarly, other VD risk factors, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension, modify miR-34a expression to promote vascular senescence and inflammation. miR-34a upregulation causes endothelial dysfunction by affecting ECs nitric oxide bioavailability, adhesion molecules expression and inflammatory cells recruitment. miR-34a-induced senescence facilitates VSMCs osteoblastic switch and VC development in hyperphosphatemia conditions. Conversely, atherogenic and hypoxic stimuli downregulate miR-34a levels and promote VSMCs proliferation and migration during atherosclerosis and PAH. MiR34a genetic ablation or miR-34a inhibition by anti-miR-34a molecules in different experimental models of VD reduce vascular inflammation, senescence and apoptosis through sirtuin 1 Notch1, and B-cell lymphoma 2 modulation. Notably, pleiotropic drugs, like statins, liraglutide and metformin, affect miR-34a expression. Finally, human studies report that miR-34a levels associate to atherosclerosis and diabetes and correlate with inflammatory factors during aging. Herein, we comprehensively review the current knowledge about miR-34a-dependent molecular and cellular mechanisms activated by VD risk factors and highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of modulating its expression in order to reduce inflammaging and VD burn and extend healthy lifespan.
Collapse
|
28
|
Umeda A, Miyagawa K, Mochida A, Takeda H, Takeda K, Okada Y, Gozal D. Effects of Normoxic Recovery on Intima-Media Thickness of Aorta and Pulmonary Artery Following Intermittent Hypoxia in Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 11:583735. [PMID: 33192596 PMCID: PMC7645053 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.583735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients are at risk for increased blood pressure and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), with pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure potentially developing as well. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) has been used as an OSA model in animals, but its effects on vascular beds have not been evaluated using objective unbiased tools. Previously published and current experimental data in mice exposed to IH were evaluated for IMT in aorta and pulmonary artery (PA) after IH with or without normoxic recovery using software for meta-analysis, Review Manager 5. Because IMT data reports on PA were extremely scarce, atherosclerotic area percentage from lumen data was also evaluated. IH significantly increased IMT parameters in both aorta and PA as illustrated by Forest plots (P < 0.01), which also confirmed that IMT values after normoxic recovery were within the normal range in both vascular beds. One-sided scarce lower areas in Funnel Plots were seen for both aorta and PA indicating the likelihood of significant publication bias. Forest and Funnel plots, which provide unbiased assessments of published and current data, suggest that IH exposures may induce IMT thickening that may be reversed by normoxic recovery in both aorta and PA. In light of the potential likelihood of publication bias, future studies are needed to confirm or refute the findings. In conclusion, OSA may induce IMT thickening (e.g., aorta and/or PA), but the treatment (e.g., nasal continuous positive airway pressure) will likely lead to improvements in such findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Umeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Yaita, Japan
| | - Kazuya Miyagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Japan
| | - Atsumi Mochida
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeda
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Healthcare, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okada
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Murayama Medical Center, Musashimurayama, Japan
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, MU Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ahmed S, Ahmed A, Bouzina H, Lundgren J, Rådegran G. Elevated plasma endocan and BOC in heart failure patients decrease after heart transplantation in association with improved hemodynamics. Heart Vessels 2020; 35:1614-1628. [PMID: 32651845 PMCID: PMC7502449 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-020-01656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is rising with ageing population and constitutes a major health problem globally. A common complication of HF is pulmonary hypertension (PH) which negatively impacts survival. A pathophysiological association between HF and PH with tumorigenic processes has been suggested. We aimed to identify the plasma levels of, and the association between tumour-related proteins and hemodynamic improvements in patients with HF and PH due to left heart disease (LHD) before and 1-year after heart transplantation (HT). METHODS Forty-eight tumour-related proteins were measured with proximity extension assay in plasma from 20 controls and 26 HF patients before and 1-year after HT. Patients' hemodynamics were measured with right heart catheterization. RESULTS Out of 48 proteins, specifically, plasma levels of endocan and brother of CDO (BOC) were elevated in end-stage HF patients compared to controls (p < 0.001), but decreased after HT (p < 0.01), towards controls' levels. The decrease of endocan levels after HT correlated with improved mean pulmonary arterial pressure (rs = 0.80, p < 0.0001), pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (rs = 0.63, p = 0.0012), and pulmonary vascular resistance (rs = 0.70, p < 0.001). The decrease and normalization of BOC after HT correlated with decreased mean right atrial pressure (rs = 0.61 p = 0.0015) and NT-proBNP (rs = 0.57, p = 0.0022), as well as increased cardiac index (rs = - 0.51, p = 0.0086) and left-ventricular stroke work index (rs = - 0.57, p = 0.0039). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that (i) plasma endocan in HF may reflect the state of pulmonary vascular congestion and PH-LHD, whereas (ii) plasma BOC may reflect the cardiac function and the hemodynamic overload in HF. The exact role of these proteins and their clinical applicability as biomarkers in HF and PH-LHD ought to be investigated in larger cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salaheldin Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Cardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- The Hemodynamic Lab, The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO. Heart and Lung Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Abdulla Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Cardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- The Hemodynamic Lab, The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO. Heart and Lung Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Habib Bouzina
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Cardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- The Hemodynamic Lab, The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO. Heart and Lung Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jakob Lundgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Cardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- The Hemodynamic Lab, The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO. Heart and Lung Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Rådegran
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Cardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- The Hemodynamic Lab, The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, VO. Heart and Lung Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yamanaka R, Hoshino A, Fukai K, Urata R, Minami Y, Honda S, Fushimura Y, Hato D, Iwai-Kanai E, Matoba S. TIGAR reduces smooth muscle cell autophagy to prevent pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H1087-H1096. [PMID: 32946259 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00314.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Yamanaka R, Hoshino A, Fukai K, Urata R, Minami Y, Honda S, Fushimura Y, Hato D, Iwai-Kanai E, Matoba S. TIGAR reduces smooth muscle cell autophagy to prevent pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 319: H1087-H1096, 2020. First published September 18, 2020; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00314.2020.-Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a refractory disease. Its prognosis remains poor; hence, establishment of novel therapeutic targets is urgent. TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) is a downstream target of p53 and exhibits functions inhibiting autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recently, p53 was shown to suppress PAH progression. Because inhibition of autophagy and ROS is known to improve PAH, we examined the effect of TIGAR on PAH progression. We compared pulmonary hypertension (PH) development between TIGAR-deficient knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice using a hypoxia-induced PH model. Human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were used for in vitro experiments with small interfering RNA (siRNA) to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms. From the analysis of right ventricular pressure, right ventricular weight, and mortality rate, we concluded that the hypoxia-induced PH development was remarkably higher in TIGAR KO than in WT mice. Pathological investigation revealed that medial thickening of the pulmonary arterioles and cell proliferation were increased in TIGAR KO mice. Autophagy and ROS activity were also increased in TIGAR KO mice. TIGAR knockdown by siRNA increased cell proliferation and migration, exacerbated autophagy, and increased ROS generation during hypoxia. Autophagy inhibition by chloroquine and ROS inhibition by N-acetylcysteine attenuated the proliferation and migration of PASMCs caused by TIGAR knockdown and hypoxia exposure. TIGAR suppressed the proliferation and migration of PASMCs via inhibiting autophagy and ROS and, therefore, improved hypoxia-induced PH. Thus, TIGAR might be a promising therapeutic target for PAH.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a refractory disease. TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) is a downstream target of p53 and exhibits functions inhibiting autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS). By using TIGAR-deficient knockout mice and human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, we found that TIGAR suppressed the proliferation and migration of PASMCs via inhibiting autophagy and ROS and, therefore, improved hypoxia-induced PH. TIGAR will be a promising therapeutic target for PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoetsu Yamanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hoshino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kuniyoshi Fukai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryota Urata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshito Minami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sakiko Honda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Fushimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daichi Hato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eri Iwai-Kanai
- Faculty of Health Care, Tenri Health Care University, Tenri, Nara, Japan
| | - Satoaki Matoba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Uddin MA, Barabutis N. P53 in the impaired lungs. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 95:102952. [PMID: 32846356 PMCID: PMC7437512 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our laboratory is focused on investigating the supportive role of P53 towards the maintenance of lung homeostasis. Acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, bronchial asthma, pulmonary arterial hypertension, pneumonia and tuberculosis are respiratory pathologies, associated with dysfunctions of this endothelium defender (P53). Herein we review the evolving role of P53 towards the aforementioned inflammatory disorders, to potentially reveal new therapeutic possibilities in pulmonary disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Uddin
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71201, USA
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wolf ER, Mabry AR, Damania B, Mayo LD. Mdm2-mediated neddylation of pVHL blocks the induction of antiangiogenic factors. Oncogene 2020; 39:5228-5239. [PMID: 32555333 PMCID: PMC7368819 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1359-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the tumor suppressor TP53 are rare in renal cell carcinomas. p53 is a key factor for inducing antiangiogenic genes and RCC are highly vascularized, which suggests that p53 is inactive in these tumors. One regulator of p53 is the Mdm2 oncogene, which is correlated with high-grade, metastatic tumors. However, the sole activity of Mdm2 is not just to regulate p53, but it can also function independent of p53 to regulate the early stages of metastasis. Here, we report that the oncoprotein Mdm2 can bind directly to the tumor suppressor VHL, and conjugate nedd8 to VHL within a region that is important for the p53-VHL interaction. Nedd8 conjugated VHL is unable to bind to p53 thereby preventing the induction of antiangiogenic factors. These results highlight a previously unknown oncogenic function of Mdm2 during the progression of cancer to promote angiogenesis through the regulation of VHL. Thus, the Mdm2-VHL interaction represents a pathway that impacts tumor angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Wolf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Alexander R Mabry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Blossom Damania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Lindsey D Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Forkhead box M1 transcription factor: a novel target for pulmonary arterial hypertension therapy. World J Pediatr 2020; 16:113-119. [PMID: 31190319 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-019-00271-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1), a member of forkhead family, plays a key role in carcinogenesis, progression, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. Based on the similarities between cancer and pulmonary arterial hypertension, studies on the roles and mechanisms of FoxM1 in pulmonary arterial hypertension have been increasing. This article aims to review recent advances in the mechanisms of signal transduction associated with FoxM1 in pulmonary arterial hypertension. DATA SOURCES Articles were retrieved from PubMed and MEDLINE published after 1990, including-but not limited to-FoxM1 and pulmonary arterial hypertension. RESULTS FoxM1 is overexpressed in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in both pulmonary arterial hypertension patients and animal models, and promotes pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis via regulating cell cycle progression. Multiple signaling molecules and pathways, including hypoxia-inducible factors, transforming growth factor-β/Smad, SET domain-containing 3/vascular endothelial growth factor, survivin, cell cycle regulatory genes and DNA damage response network, are reported to cross talk with FoxM1 in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Proteasome inhibitors are effective in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension by inhibiting the expression and transcriptional activity of FoxM1. CONCLUSIONS FoxM1 has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension and may represent a novel therapeutic target. But more details of interaction between FoxM1 and other signaling pathways need to be clarified in the future.
Collapse
|
34
|
Aging Induced p53/p21 in Genioglossus Muscle Stem Cells and Enhanced Upper Airway Injury. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8412598. [PMID: 32190060 PMCID: PMC7073476 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8412598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging of population brings related social problems, such as muscle attenuation and regeneration barriers with increased aging. Muscle repair and regeneration depend on muscle stem cells (MuSCs). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) rises in the aging population. OSA leads to hypoxia and upper airway muscle injury. However, little is known about the effect of increasing age and hypoxia to the upper airway muscle. The genioglossus (GG) is the major dilator muscle to keep the upper airway open. Here, we reported that muscle fiber and MuSC function declined with aging in GG. Increasing age also decreased the migration and proliferation of GG MuSCs. p53 and p21 were high expressions both in muscle tissue and in GG MuSCs. We further found that hypoxia inhibited GG MuSC proliferation and decreased myogenic differentiation. Then, hypoxia enhanced the inhibition effect of aging to proliferation and differentiation. Finally, we investigated that hypoxia and aging interact to form a vicious circle with upregulation of p53 and p21. This vicious hypoxia plus aging damage accelerated upper airway muscle injury. Aging and hypoxia are the major damage elements in OSA patients, and we propose that the damage mechanism of hypoxia and aging in GG MuSCs will help to improve upper airway muscle regeneration.
Collapse
|
35
|
Zahid KR, Raza U, Chen J, Raj UJ, Gou D. Pathobiology of pulmonary artery hypertension: role of long non-coding RNAs. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1937-1947. [PMID: 32109276 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease with complex pathobiology, significant morbidity and mortality, and remains without a cure. It is characterized by vascular remodelling associated with uncontrolled proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, endothelial cell proliferation and dysfunction, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, leading to narrowing of the vascular lumen, increased vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure, which inevitably results in right heart failure and death. There are multiple molecules and signalling pathways that are involved in the vascular remodelling, including non-coding RNAs, i.e. microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). It is only in recent years that the role of lncRNAs in the pathobiology of pulmonary vascular remodelling and right ventricular dysfunction is being vigorously investigated. In this review, we have summarized the current state of knowledge about the role of lncRNAs as key drivers and gatekeepers in regulating major cellular and molecular trafficking involved in the pathogenesis of PAH. In addition, we have discussed the limitations and challenges in translating lncRNA research in vivo and in therapeutic applications of lncRNAs in PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Rafiq Zahid
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices, Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Umar Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Khadim Abid Majeed Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Jidong Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Usha J Raj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deming Gou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Up-regulation of cullin7 promotes proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 864:172698. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
37
|
|
38
|
LncRNA Tug1 involves in the pulmonary vascular remodeling in mice with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension via the microRNA-374c-mediated Foxc1. Life Sci 2019; 237:116769. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
39
|
Bertero T, Perk D, Chan SY. The molecular rationale for therapeutic targeting of glutamine metabolism in pulmonary hypertension. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:511-524. [PMID: 31055988 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1615438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a deadly enigmatic disease with increasing prevalence. Cellular pathologic hallmarks of PH are driven at least partly by metabolic rewiring, but details are just emerging. The discovery that vascular matrix stiffening can mechanically activate the glutaminase (GLS) enzyme and serve as a pathogenic mechanism of PH has advanced our understanding of the complex role of glutamine in PH. It has also offered a novel therapeutic target for development as a next-generation drug for this disease. Area covered: This review discusses the cellular contribution of glutamine metabolism to PH together with the possible therapeutic application of pharmacologic GLS inhibitors in this disease. Expert opinion: Despite advances in our understanding of glutamine metabolism in PH, questions remain unanswered regarding the development of therapies targeting glutamine in PH. The comprehensive mechanisms by which glutamine metabolism rewiring influences pulmonary vascular cell behavior to drive PH are incompletely understood. Because glutamine metabolism exhibits a variety of functions in organ repair and homeostasis, a better understanding of the overall risk-benefit ratio of these strategies with long-term follow-up is needed. This knowledge should pave the way for the design of new strategies to prevent and hopefully even regress PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bertero
- a Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology , Université Côte d'Azur , Valbonne , France
| | - Dror Perk
- b Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine , University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- b Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine , University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bhagwani AR, Hultman S, Farkas D, Moncayo R, Dandamudi K, Zadu AK, Cool CD, Farkas L. Endothelial cells are a source of Nestin expression in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213890. [PMID: 30883593 PMCID: PMC6422269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled proliferation of endothelial cells is essential to the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Both proliferation and cytoskeleton reorganization are associated with upregulation of the intermediate filament protein Nestin. Recently, accumulation of Nestin-expressing cells was found in pulmonary vascular lesions of PAH patients. The goal of this study is to determine if Nestin expression contributes to endothelial proliferation in pulmonary arterial hypertension, using both lung tissues and endothelial cells. Here we found that endothelial cells from complex and plexiform lesions of PAH patients expressed Nestin. These Nestin+ cells further stained positive for the angiogenic factors CXC chemokine ligand 12 and Wnt1. Likewise, in the chronic hypoxia/SU5416 animal model of pulmonary hypertension, Nestin+ endothelial cells were found in occlusive pulmonary vascular lesions. In vitro, both growing rat and human lung endothelial cells expressed Nestin protein. When Nestin was overexpressed in endothelial cells (both rat and human), Nestin overexpression promoted proliferation and expression of CXC chemokine ligand 12. Nestin overexpression further increased angiogenic tube formation in vitro. Conclusions: We found increased Nestin expression from endothelial cells of occlusive lung vascular lesions in severe pulmonary hypertension. Elevated Nestin expression likely contributes to unchecked pulmonary vascular proliferation and angiogenesis, possibly via induction of CXC chemokine ligand 12. Additional studies are required to determine whether targeting Nestin would be beneficial to treat PAH.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Lung/blood supply
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Nestin/genetics
- Nestin/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Young Adult
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneel R. Bhagwani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Schuyler Hultman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Daniela Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Moncayo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Kaivalya Dandamudi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Arsema K. Zadu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Carlyne D. Cool
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li Q, Wu J, Xu Y, Liu L, Xie J. Role of RASEF hypermethylation in cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary arterial smooth muscle remodeling. Respir Res 2019; 20:52. [PMID: 30845941 PMCID: PMC6407244 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive and fatal disease. While cigarette smoke can change DNA methylation status, the role of such molecular alterations in smoke-associated PH is unclear. Methods A PH rat model was developed by exposing animals to cigarette smoke for 3 months. Right ventricular systolic pressure was measured with a right heart catheter. Histological changes (right ventricular hypertrophy index, medial wall thickness in pulmonary arteries (PAs)) and DNMT1 protein levels in rat PAs or primary human PA smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) exposed to cigarette smoke extract were assessed. Methylation sequencing and MassArray® were used to detect genomic and RASEF promoter methylation status, respectively. After DNMT1 knockdown and cigarette smoke extract exposure, HPASMCs behavior (proliferation, migration) and RASEF methylation status were examined; RASEF mRNA expression was evaluated by real-time-polymerase chain reaction. RASEF overexpression viral vectors were used to assess the impact of RASEF on rat PH and HPASMCs remodeling. Results Higher right ventricular systolic pressure, medial wall thickness, and right ventricular hypertrophy index values were observed in the smoking group rats. Smoke exposure increased DNMT1 expression and RASEF methylation levels in rat PAs and HPASMCs. Cigarette smoke extract induced HPASMCs behavioral changes and RASEF hypermethylation followed by silencing, while DNMT1 knockdown markedly inhibited these changes. RASEF overexpression distinctly inhibited PH and HPASMCs remodeling, possibly through phospho-AKT (Ser473), PCNA, and MMP9 downregulation. Conclusions Cigarette smoke caused PA remodeling in PH rats related to RASEF hypermethylation. These results expand our understanding of key epigenetic mechanisms in cigarette smoke-associated PH and potentially provide a novel therapeutic target for PH. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-019-1014-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Jixing Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Jungang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wakasugi T, Shimizu I, Yoshida Y, Hayashi Y, Ikegami R, Suda M, Katsuumi G, Nakao M, Hoyano M, Kashimura T, Nakamura K, Ito H, Nojiri T, Soga T, Minamino T. Role of smooth muscle cell p53 in pulmonary arterial hypertension. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212889. [PMID: 30807606 PMCID: PMC6391010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by remodeling and narrowing of the pulmonary arteries, which lead to elevation of right ventricular pressure, heart failure, and death. Proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is thought to be central to the pathogenesis of PAH, although the underlying mechanisms are still being explored. The protein p53 is involved in cell cycle coordination, DNA repair, apoptosis, and cellular senescence, but its role in pulmonary hypertension (PH) is not fully known. We developed a mouse model of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) and found significant reduction of p53 expression in the lungs. Our in vitro experiments with metabolomic analyses and the Seahorse XF extracellular flux analyzer indicated that suppression of p53 expression in PASMCs led to upregulation of glycolysis and downregulation of mitochondrial respiration, suggesting a proliferative phenotype resembling that of cancer cells. It was previously shown that systemic genetic depletion of p53 in a murine PH model led to more severe lung manifestations. Lack of information about the role of cell-specific p53 signaling promoted us to investigate it in our mouse PH model with the inducible Cre-loxP system. We generated a mouse model with SMC-specific gain or loss of p53 function by crossing Myh11-Cre/ERT2 mice with floxed Mdm4 mice or floxed Trp53 mice. After these animals were exposed to hypoxia for 4 weeks, we conducted hemodynamic and echocardiographic studies. Surprisingly, the severity of PH was similar in both groups of mice and there were no differences between the genotypes. Our findings in these mice indicate that activation or suppression of p53 signaling in SMCs has a minor role in the pathogenesis of PH and suggest that p53 signaling in other cells (endothelial cells, immune cells, or fibroblasts) may be involved in the progression of this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Wakasugi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yohko Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuka Hayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Ikegami
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Suda
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Goro Katsuumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakao
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Makoto Hoyano
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kashimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Nojiri
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- * E-mail: ,
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Evolving Genomics of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Respir Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99975-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
44
|
Abstract
Regulated cell death is a major mechanism to eliminate damaged, infected, or superfluous cells. Previously, apoptosis was thought to be the only regulated cell death mechanism; however, new modalities of caspase-independent regulated cell death have been identified, including necroptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagic cell death. As an understanding of the cellular mechanisms that mediate regulated cell death continues to grow, there is increasing evidence that these pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of many pulmonary disorders. This review summarizes our understanding of regulated cell death as it pertains to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maor Sauler
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA;
| | - Isabel S Bazan
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA;
| | - Patty J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chen F, Wang RJ, Li GZ, Zhang Y, Yu S, Liu YF, Chen XY, Hou SK. miRNA array analysis of plasma miRNA alterations in rats exposed to a high altitude hypoxic environment. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5502-5510. [PMID: 30365091 PMCID: PMC6236226 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of rats exposed to high altitude hypoxia and normal conditions were obtained from miRNA array analysis. Bioinformatics analyses, including the use of the Gene Oncology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases, were used to identify the genes and pathways, which were specifically associated with high altitude hypoxic environment‑associated miRNAs. A total of 26 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the two groups, comprising six upregulated and 20 downregulated miRNAs. In the present study, a novel pattern of upregulated miRNAs and their associated pathways were constructed, including proteoglycans in cancer, spliceosome, gluamatergic synapse, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, Foxo, cGMP‑PKG and p53 signaling pathways, which may provide novel targets for diagnosing and understanding the mechanism of high altitude hypoxia‑induced disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Ren-Jie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Zong Li
- Key Laboratory of Disaster and Emergency Rescue Medicine in People's Liberation Army, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Disaster and Emergency Rescue Medicine in People's Liberation Army, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Disaster and Emergency Rescue Medicine in People's Liberation Army, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Fu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300309, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300309, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Ke Hou
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang Z, Yang K, Zheng Q, Zhang C, Tang H, Babicheva A, Jiang Q, Li M, Chen Y, Carr SG, Wu K, Zhang Q, Balistrieri A, Wang C, Song S, Ayon RJ, Desai AA, Black SM, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ, Lu W, Wang J. Divergent changes of p53 in pulmonary arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells involved in the development of pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 316:L216-L228. [PMID: 30358436 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00538.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor-suppressive role of p53, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of many genes, has been linked to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence. The noncanonical function or the pathogenic role of p53 has more recently been implicated in pulmonary vascular disease. We previously reported that rapid nuclear accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) upregulates transient receptor potential channels and enhances Ca2+ entry to increase cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt). Also, we observed differences in HIF-1α/2α expression in PASMCs and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs). Here we report that p53 is increased in PAECs, but decreased in PASMCs, isolated from mice with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) and rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH (MCT-PH). The increased p53 in PAECs from rats with MCT-PH is associated with an increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, while the decreased p53 in PASMCs is associated with an increased HIF-1α. Furthermore, p53 is downregulated in PASMCs isolated from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension compared with PASMCs from normal subjects. Overexpression of p53 in normal PASMCs inhibits store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) induced by passive depletion of intracellularly stored Ca2+ in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, while downregulation of p53 enhances SOCE. These data indicate that differentially regulated expression of p53 and HIF-1α/2α in PASMCs and PAECs and the cross talk between p53 and HIF-1α/2α in PASMCs and PAECs may play an important role in the development of PH via, at least in part, induction of PAEC apoptosis and PASMC proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Qiuyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Chenting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Meichan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Shane G Carr
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Christina Wang
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Shanshan Song
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ramon J Ayon
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Stephen M Black
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine , Tucson, Arizona.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yang YZ, Zhang YF, Yang L, Xu J, Mo XM, Peng W. miR‑760 mediates hypoxia-induced proliferation and apoptosis of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via targeting TLR4. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2437-2446. [PMID: 30226538 PMCID: PMC6192785 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a disease characterized by enhanced proliferation and reduced apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. In the present study, miR-760 was demonstrated to be downregulated in PAH lung tissues compared with normal lung tissues, an effect that may be associated with the development of PAH. Hypoxia is an important stimulus for human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (hPASMC) proliferation and the occurrence of PAH. Therefore, the effect of miR-760 in hypoxia-treated and normal hPASMCs was investigated. Expression of exogenous miR-760 decreased cell proliferation in hypoxia-induced hPASMCs, and promoted cell apoptosis with an increase in the BCL2 associated X/BCL2 ratio and the expression levels of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9. In addition, overexpression of miR-760 suppressed the migration of hPASMCs under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, miR-760 was demonstrated to mediate its anti-proliferation effect via the regulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a direct target of miR-760. The results revealed that knockdown of TLR4 restrained the hypoxia-induced hPASMC proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. The present study uncovered a novel regulatory pathway involving miR-760 and suggested that miR-760 may be explored as a potential therapy for PAH in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhong Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Digestion, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Ming Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yamada T, Kamiya M, Higuchi M, Nakanishi N. Fat depot-specific differences of macrophage infiltration and cellular senescence in obese bovine adipose tissues. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1495-1503. [PMID: 30111687 PMCID: PMC6207504 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the chronic inflammation and senescence of adipose tissues.
Macrophage is a key mediator of chronic inflammation that infiltrates obese adipose tissue
and stimulates metabolic disorders. However, the fat depot-specific differences of
macrophage infiltration and senescence, especially the influence on intramuscular adipose
tissue, have remained unclear. We investigated the fat depot-specific differences of
macrophage infiltration and senescence in obese bovine adipose tissue from three different
anatomical sites (subcutaneous, intramuscular and visceral). Macrophage infiltrations and
crown-like structures were observed in visceral adipose tissue, although there were few
macrophages in subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissues. The positive reaction of
senescence marker SA-βgal activity was observed in visceral adipose tissue. In contrast,
the activity of SA-βgal in subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissues were low. The
expression of p53 gene, the master regulator of cellular senescence, in visceral adipose
tissue was higher than that of subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue. At the
cellular level, p53 gene expression was negatively correlated with the size of
subcutaneous adipocytes. In contrast, p53 gene expressions were positively correlated with
the size of intramuscular and visceral adipocytes. These results indicate that anatomical
sites of obese adipose tissue affect macrophage infiltration and the senescent state in a
fat depot-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Yamada
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Nasushiobara-shi, Tochigi 329-2793, Japan
| | - Mituru Kamiya
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Nasushiobara-shi, Tochigi 329-2793, Japan
| | - Mikito Higuchi
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Nasushiobara-shi, Tochigi 329-2793, Japan
| | - Naoto Nakanishi
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Nasushiobara-shi, Tochigi 329-2793, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hu CJ, Zhang H, Laux A, Pullamsetti SS, Stenmark KR. Mechanisms contributing to persistently activated cell phenotypes in pulmonary hypertension. J Physiol 2018; 597:1103-1119. [PMID: 29920674 PMCID: PMC6375873 DOI: 10.1113/jp275857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by the accumulation of persistently activated cell types in the pulmonary vessel exhibiting aberrant expression of genes involved in apoptosis resistance, proliferation, inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. Current therapies for PH, focusing on vasodilatation, do not normalize these activated phenotypes. Furthermore, current approaches to define additional therapeutic targets have focused on determining the initiating signals and their downstream effectors that are important in PH onset and development. Although these approaches have produced a large number of compelling PH treatment targets, many promising human drugs have failed in PH clinical trials. Herein, we propose that one contributing factor to these failures is that processes important in PH development may not be good treatment targets in the established phase of chronic PH. We hypothesize that this is due to alterations of chromatin structure in PH cells, resulting in functional differences between the same factor or pathway in normal or early PH cells versus cells in chronic PH. We propose that the high expression of genes involved in the persistently activated phenotype of PH vascular cells is perpetuated by an open chromatin structure and multiple transcription factors (TFs) via the recruitment of high levels of epigenetic regulators including the histone acetylases P300/CBP, histone acetylation readers including BRDs, the Mediator complex and the positive transcription elongation factor (Abstract figure). Thus, determining how gene expression is controlled by examining chromatin structure, TFs and epigenetic regulators associated with aberrantly expressed genes in pulmonary vascular cells in chronic PH, may uncover new PH therapeutic targets.
![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Jun Hu
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Aya Laux
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Soni S Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the DZL, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kurt R Stenmark
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rutaecarpine Suppresses Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis of Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells in Hypoxia Possibly Through HIF-1α–Dependent Pathways. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2018; 71:293-302. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|