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Lavier J, Bouzourène K, Millet GP, Mazzolai L, Pellegrin M. Physical Performance and Skeletal Muscle Transcriptional Adaptations Are Not Impacted by Exercise Training Frequency in Mice with Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040562. [PMID: 37110220 PMCID: PMC10143072 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise training is an important therapeutic strategy for lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, the effects of different exercise frequency on physiological adaptations remain unknown. Thus, this study compared the effects of a 7-week moderate-intensity aerobic training performed either three or five times/week on skeletal muscle gene expression and physical performance in mice with PAD. Hypercholesterolemic male ApoE-deficient mice were subjected to unilateral iliac artery ligation and randomly assigned to sedentary or exercise training regimens either three or five times/week. Physical performance was assessed using a treadmill test to exhaustion. Expression of genes related to glucose and lipid metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, muscle fiber-type, angiogenesis, and inflammation was analyzed in non-ischemic and ischemic gastrocnemius muscles by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Physical performance was improved to the same extent in both exercise groups. For gene expression patterns, no statistical differences were observed between three or five times/week exercised mice, both in the non-ischemic and ischemic muscles. Our data show that exercising three to five times a week induces similar beneficial effects on performance. Those results are associated with muscular adaptations that remain identical between the two frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lavier
- Angiology Division, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karima Bouzourène
- Angiology Division, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Mazzolai
- Angiology Division, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Pellegrin
- Angiology Division, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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2
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Massett MP, Matejka C, Kim H. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Endurance Exercise Training Protocols for Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:782695. [PMID: 34950054 PMCID: PMC8691460 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.782695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inbred and genetically modified mice are frequently used to investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the beneficial adaptations to exercise training. However, published paradigms for exercise training in mice are variable, making comparisons across studies for training efficacy difficult. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to characterize the diversity across published treadmill-based endurance exercise training protocols for mice and to identify training protocol parameters that moderate the adaptations to endurance exercise training in mice. Published studies were retrieved from PubMed and EMBASE and reviewed for the following inclusion criteria: inbred mice; inclusion of a sedentary group; and exercise training using a motorized treadmill. Fifty-eight articles met those inclusion criteria and also included a "classical" marker of training efficacy. Outcome measures included changes in exercise performance, V ˙ O2max, skeletal muscle oxidative enzyme activity, blood lactate levels, or exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy. The majority of studies were conducted using male mice. Approximately 48% of studies included all information regarding exercise training protocol parameters. Meta-analysis was performed using 105 distinct training groups (i.e., EX-SED pairs). Exercise training had a significant effect on training outcomes, but with high heterogeneity (Hedges' g=1.70, 95% CI=1.47-1.94, Tau2=1.14, I2 =80.4%, prediction interval=-0.43-3.84). Heterogeneity was partially explained by subgroup differences in treadmill incline, training duration, exercise performance test type, and outcome variable. Subsequent analyses were performed on subsets of studies based on training outcome, exercise performance, or biochemical markers. Exercise training significantly improved performance outcomes (Hedges' g=1.85, 95% CI=1.55-2.15). Subgroup differences were observed for treadmill incline, training duration, and exercise performance test protocol on improvements in performance. Biochemical markers also changed significantly with training (Hedges' g=1.62, 95% CI=1.14-2.11). Subgroup differences were observed for strain, sex, exercise session time, and training duration. These results demonstrate there is a high degree of heterogeneity across exercise training studies in mice. Training duration had the most significant impact on training outcome. However, the magnitude of the effect of exercise training varies based on the marker used to assess training efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Massett
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Caitlyn Matejka
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Hyoseon Kim
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
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Nascimento ESP, Nunes WMC, Guerra EM, da Roza MR, Silva-Costa S, Machado-Silva W, Avelar GG, de Toledo Nóbrega O, Vieira RP, Amado VM, Melo-Silva CA. Combined exercise training improved exercise capacity and lung inflammation in rats with hepatopulmonary syndrome. Life Sci 2021; 287:120112. [PMID: 34728228 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Physical exercise training attenuates pulmonary inflammation, but its effects on impaired respiratory function caused by hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) have not been evaluated. We determined if the combination of moderate intensity aerobic and resistance training during HPS development modifies exercise capacity, respiratory system mechanics, and lung inflammation responses. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham, HPS, and HPS + combined exercise training groups. Fifteen days after HPS induction, a moderate intensity aerobic plus resistance exercise training protocol was performed five times a week for 5 weeks on alternate days. Exercise capacity, respiratory system mechanics, lung inflammation, pulmonary morphology, and immunohistochemistry were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Overall, our findings indicated that combined exercise training efficiently increased the maximal running and resistance capacity of HPS animals. The training regimen reduced the expression of P2X7 in parenchymal leukocytes (P < 0.01), partially restored the expression of interleukin-10 in airway epithelium (P < 0.01), and increased the expression of TFPI in the airway epithelium (P < 0.01) as well as reduced its expression in parenchymal leukocytes (P < 0.01). However, exercise training did not attenuate HPS-induced respiratory mechanical derangements or lung tissue remodeling. SIGNIFICANCE Combined exercise training can elicit adaptation with regard to both maximal running capacity and maximum strength and modify the expression of P2X7 and TFPI in parenchymal leukocytes and that of IL-10 in airway epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Suellen Silva-Costa
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Wilcelly Machado-Silva
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gleiciane Gontijo Avelar
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Otávio de Toledo Nóbrega
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo P Vieira
- Post-graduation Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Bioengineering, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos SP, Brazil
| | - Veronica Moreira Amado
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - César Augusto Melo-Silva
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Division of Physical Therapy, University Hospital of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Potential role of Nigella sativa supplementation with physical activity in prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19: a contemporary review. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021; 17:849-854. [PMID: 34093778 PMCID: PMC8162633 DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00787-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The widespread prevalence and mortality of coronavirus diseases-2019 (COVID-19) lead many researchers to study the SARS-CoV-s2 infection to find a treatment for this disease. Discovering the mechanisms of action of COVID-19 and coping at the cellular level with this disease can have better effects. Including the target tissues of this disease are the lungs and the immune system. It is stated that COVID-19 easily infiltrates into alveoli through its receptors and then starts to proliferate. Subsequently, with the weakening of immune cells and increase inflammatory cytokines, it increases the rate of inflammation in the body. Strengthening the immune system and inhibiting COVID-19 receptors can play a preventive or even therapeutic role for this disease. Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is one of the herbal medicines to possess numerous pharmacological effects related to several organs of the body. Among the extraordinary properties of this plant is improving asthma and several lung diseases. The recent studies have shown that N. sativa at the cellular level can inhibit COVID-19 receptors. It was also stated that performing regular exercise training (especially moderate-intensity exercise training) can modulate the immune system and have an anti-inflammatory effect. Since the use of herbal supplements with exercise can have tremendous therapeutic effects at the cellular level, the hypothesis to use the Nigella sativa along with exercise training to prophylaxis and treatment COVID-19 will be highlighted in this paper.
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Camargo LDN, Dos Santos TM, de Andrade FCP, Fukuzaki S, Dos Santos Lopes FDTQ, de Arruda Martins M, Prado CM, Leick EA, Righetti RF, Tibério IDFLC. Bronchial Vascular Remodeling Is Attenuated by Anti-IL-17 in Asthmatic Responses Exacerbated by LPS. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1269. [PMID: 33013361 PMCID: PMC7500412 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although the major alterations associated with asthma are related to the airways, there is also evidence of the importance of peribronchial vascular inflammation and remodeling in its pathophysiology. Objectives To determine the effects of anti-IL-17 therapy on peribronchial vessels of an asthma model exacerbated by lipopolysaccharide. Methods We evaluated several factors, including lung function, inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular remodeling, and signaling pathways present in the peribronchial vessels of 66 male BALB/c mice exposed to ovalbumin and treated (or not) treated with anti-IL-17. Twenty-four hours before the end of the experimental protocol, groups of sensitized animals (OVA–LPS and OVA–LPS anti-IL-17) also received LPS. Results The OVA–LPS-anti-IL-17 group presented a decrease in several factors [airway resistance and elastance, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counts, inflammatory response, eosinophils, TSLP, IL-33, TARC, TNF-α, CD4+, CD8+, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and VEGF positive cells/104μm2, peribronchovascular edema, and angiogenesis], including remodeling (MMP-9, MMP-12, TIMP-1 and TGF-β positive cells and volume fraction of collagen fibers I, collagen fibers III, collagen fibers V, decorin, lumican, actin, biglycan, fibronectin, and integrin), oxidative stress (iNOS positive cells and volume fraction of PGF2α), and signaling pathways (FoxP3), as well as dendritic cells, NF-kB, ROCK-1, ROCK-2, STAT-1, and phosphor-STAT1-positive cells compared to OVA–LPS (p < 0.05). Conclusions In this model of LPS-induced asthma exacerbation, IL-17 inhibition represents a promising therapeutic strategy, indicating the potential of bronchial vascular control of Th2 and Th17 responses and the activation of the remodeling and oxidative stress pathways, associated with the control of signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro do Nascimento Camargo
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Serviço de Reabilitação, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tabata Maruyama Dos Santos
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Serviço de Reabilitação, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia Fukuzaki
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carla Máximo Prado
- Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Fraga Righetti
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Serviço de Reabilitação, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
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Souza PRMD, da Palma RK, Vieira RP, Santos FD, Monteiro-De-Moraes WMA, Medeiros A, Koike MK, Arantes-Costa FM, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC, Consolim Colombo FM. Early activation of ubiquitin-proteasome system at the diaphragm tissue occurs independently of left ventricular dysfunction in SHR rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:245-253. [PMID: 31986909 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219897883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive status induces modifications in the respiratory profile. Previous studies have indicated that hypertensive rats show increased respiratory-sympathetic coupling compared to normotensive rats. However, these effects and especially the mechanisms underlying such effects are not well known. Thus, we evaluated the influence of high blood pressure and autonomic dysfunction on a ventilatory pattern associated with lung injury and on the ubiquitin-proteasome system of the diaphragm muscle. Autonomic cardiovascular modulation (systolic BP variance and low-frequency band and pulse interval variance) and arterial blood gases patterns (pH, pO2, HCO3, SpO2), can be changed by hypertension, as well exacerbated chemoreflex pressor response. We observed that the diaphragm muscle of SHR showed increase in type I cross-sectional fiber (16%) and reduction in type II cross-sectional fiber area (41%), increased activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and lipid peroxidation, with no differences between groups in the analysis of ubiquitinated proteins and misfolded proteins. Our results showed that hypertension induced functional compensatory/adverse alterations associated with diaphragm fiber type changes and protein degradation as well as changed autonomic control of circulation. In conclusion, we believe there is an adaptation in ventilatory pattern in regarding to prevent the development of fatigue and muscle weakness and improve ventilatory endurance. Impact statement It was well known that hypertension can be driven by increased sympathetic activity and has been documented as a central link between autonomic dysfunction and alterations in the respiratory pattern. Our study demonstrated the impact of hypertension in ventilatory mechanics and their relationship with diaphragm muscle protein degradation. These findings may assist us in future alternative treatments to prevent diaphragm fatigue and weakness in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamella Ramona Moraes de Souza
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), Avenida Dr Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar 44, São Paulo/SP, Brazil 05403-000.,Department of Post-graduation in Medicine, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro 235/249, São Paulo/SP, Brazil 01504-001
| | - Renata Kelly da Palma
- Department of Post-graduation in Medicine, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro 235/249, São Paulo/SP, Brazil 01504-001.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Biomimetic systems for cell engineering. Barcelona, Spain (IBEC). C. Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona. 08028
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Department of Post-graduation in Medicine, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro 235/249, São Paulo/SP, Brazil 01504-001.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Biomimetic systems for cell engineering. Barcelona, Spain (IBEC). C. Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona. 08028
| | - Fernando Dos Santos
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), Avenida Dr Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar 44, São Paulo/SP, Brazil 05403-000
| | - Wilson Max Almeida Monteiro-De-Moraes
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), Avenida Dr Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar 44, São Paulo/SP, Brazil 05403-000
| | | | - Marcia Kiyomi Koike
- Department of Medicine, Center of Development of Medical Education, CEDEM, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Magalhães Arantes-Costa
- Department of Medicine, Center of Development of Medical Education, CEDEM, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Federal University of Sao Paulo.Rua Pedro de Toledo, 1800. São Paulo/SP, Brazil 04021-001
| | - Maria Claudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), Avenida Dr Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar 44, São Paulo/SP, Brazil 05403-000
| | - Fernanda Marciano Consolim Colombo
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMUSP), Avenida Dr Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar 44, São Paulo/SP, Brazil 05403-000.,Department of Post-graduation in Medicine, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro 235/249, São Paulo/SP, Brazil 01504-001
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Treadmill exercise restores memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity impairments in ovalbumin-sensitized juvenile rats: Involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Neurochem Int 2020; 135:104691. [PMID: 31982414 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Studies demonstrate that asthma, especially during childhood, affects the functions of the brain including learning and memory. Exercise is well known for its neuroprotective functions and for its beneficial effects on asthma. We aimed to assess the effects of exercise on cognitive function, synaptic plasticity, and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized juvenile rats. Rats were sensitized by intraperitoneal administration and inhaled OVA. Animals were subjected to treadmill running exercise during the OVA-challenged period. T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine [interleukin (IL)-4], Th1 cytokine (INF-γ) levels, and INF-γ/IL-4 (Th1/Th2) ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and tracheal response to methacholine and OVA were measured. Further, memory behaviors and BDNF levels were measured in the hippocampus as well as long-term potentiation (LTP) was assessed by recording field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in the hippocampus. The levels of IL-4 and TGF-β were decreased but INF-γ level and INF-γ/IL-4 ratio increased in the BALF due to exercise in the OVA-sensitized animals. In addition, exercise improved OVA-sensitization induced cognitive impairments, increased BDNF levels, and enhanced hippocampal LTP in OVA-sensitized rats. Exercise is not only effective in the alleviation of airway inflammation by restoring Th1/Th2 cytokines balance, but also is a candidate for improvement of memory and synaptic plasticity deficits partially through increasing the levels of hippocampal BDNF in OVA-sensitized rats.
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Davino-Chiovatto JE, Oliveira-Junior MC, MacKenzie B, Santos-Dias A, Almeida-Oliveira AR, Aquino-Junior JCJ, Brito AA, Rigonato-Oliveira NC, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Oliveira APL, Silva AP, Consolim-Colombo FM, Aimbire F, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Vieira RP. Montelukast, Leukotriene Inhibitor, Reduces LPS-Induced Acute Lung Inflammation and Human Neutrophil Activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Effects of the serine protease inhibitor rBmTI-A in an experimental mouse model of chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12624. [PMID: 31477763 PMCID: PMC6718655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate whether a recombinant serine protease inhibitor (rBmTI-A) modulates inflammation in an experimental model of chronic allergic lung inflammation. Balb/c mice were divided into four groups: SAL (saline), OVA (sensitized with ovalbumin), SAL + rBmTI-A (control treated with rBmTI-A) and OVA + rBmTI-A (sensitized with ovalbumin and treated with rBmTI-A). The animals received an intraperitoneal injection of saline or ovalbumin, according to the group. The groups received inhalation with saline or ovalbumin and were treated with rBmTI-A or saline by nasal instillation. After 29 days, we evaluated the respiratory mechanics; bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); cytokines; MMP-9, TIMP-1; eosinophils; collagen and elastic fibre expression in the airways; and the trypsin-like, MMP-1, and MMP-9 lung tissue proteolytic activity. Treatment with rBmTI-A reduced the trypsin-like proteolytic activity, the elastance and resistance maximum response, the polymorphonuclear cells, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13 and IL-17A in the BALF, the expression of IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, CD4+, MMP-9, TIMP-1, eosinophils, collagen and elastic fibres in the airways of the OVA + rBmTI-A group compared to the OVA group (p < 0.05). rBmTI-A attenuated bronchial hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and remodelling in this experimental model of chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation. This inhibitor may serve as a potential therapeutic tool for asthma treatment.
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ramezani S, peeri M, Azarbaijani MA, Dehghan F. Combined Effects of Regular Aerobic Exercise with Vitamin D Supplementation on Some Apoptosis Indices in the Lung of Rats Exposed to Hydrogen Peroxide. MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/mlj.13.5.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Mu M, Wu F, He J, Tang X, Ma H, Guo S, Song C. Insulin‑like growth factor 1 inhibits phagocytosis of alveolar epithelial cells in asthmatic mice. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2381-2388. [PMID: 31322198 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by alveolar epithelial cells helps to eliminate airway inflammation. Insulin‑like growth factor 1 (IGF‑1) regulates cell metabolism and proliferation, and promotes cell survival, while it may also promote the proliferation and differentiation of alveolar epithelial cells during the repair of lung injury. The present study investigated the effect of IGF‑1 on the phagocytic activity of alveolar epithelial cells, a nonprofessional phagocyte. IGF‑1 was elevated in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from mice with ovalbumin‑induced asthma. IGF‑1 was reduced by 50% in the lung tissue and by nearly 100% in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in asthmatic mice established by depletion of alveolar macrophages using 2‑chloroadenosine. In addition, interleukin‑33 induced IGF‑1 production in primary alveolar macrophages. It was also observed that IGF‑1 inhibited the phagocytosis of fluorescent microspheres and apoptotic cells by MLE‑12 alveolar epithelial cells. Antibody blocking of IGF‑1 enhanced the phagocytosis of fluorescent microspheres and apoptotic cells, and significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in airway and perivascular tissues. The elevated IGF‑1 level in the lungs of asthma model mice was mainly produced in alveolar macrophages. Taken together, the current study demonstrated that IGF‑1 inhibited phagocytosis by alveolar epithelial cells, and that IGF‑1 blockade enhanced the phagocytic activity and alleviated airway inflammation. These results support the potential use of IGF‑1 as a target in the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Mu
- Department of Immunology, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Fengjiao Wu
- Department of Immunology, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Immunology, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Xu Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Hua Ma
- Department of Immunology, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Shujun Guo
- Department of Immunology, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Chuanwang Song
- Department of Immunology, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
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Davino-Chiovatto JE, Oliveira-Junior MC, MacKenzie B, Santos-Dias A, Almeida-Oliveira AR, Aquino-Junior JCJ, Brito AA, Rigonato-Oliveira NC, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Oliveira APL, Silva AP, Consolim-Colombo FM, Aimbire F, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Vieira RP. Montelukast, Leukotriene Inhibitor, Reduces LPS-Induced Acute Lung Inflammation and Human Neutrophil Activation. Arch Bronconeumol 2019; 55:573-580. [PMID: 31257011 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Some pro-inflammatory lipids derived from 1 lipooxygenase enzyme are potent neutrophil chemoattractant, a cell centrally involved in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); a syndrome lacking effective treatment. Considering the beneficial effects of the leukotriene receptor inhibitor, montelukast, on other lung diseases, whether montelukast attenuates inflammation in a mouse model of ARDS, and whether it reduces LPS stimulated activation of human neutrophils was investigated. METHODS Thirty-five C57Bl/6 mice were distributed into control (PBS)+24h, LPS+24h (10μg/mouse), control+48h, LPS+48h, and LPS 48h+Montelukast (10mg/kg). In addition, human neutrophils were incubated with LPS (1μg/mL) and treated with montelukast (10μM). RESULTS Oral-tracheal administration of montelukast significantly attenuated total cells (P<.05), macrophages (P<.05), neutrophils (P<.01), lymphocytes (P<.001) and total protein levels in BAL (P<.05), as well as IL-6 (P<.05), CXCL1/KC (P<.05), IL-17 (P<.05) and TNF-α (P<.05). Furthermore, montelukast reduced neutrophils (P<.001), lymphocytes (P<.01) and macrophages (P<.01) in the lung parenchyma. In addition, montelukast restored BAL VEGF levels (P<.05). LTB4 receptor expression (P<.001) as well as NF-κB (P<.001), a downstream target of LPS, were also reduced in lung parenchymal leukocytes. Furthermore, montelukast reduced IL-8 (P<.001) production by LPS-treated human neutrophils. CONCLUSION In conclusion, montelukast efficiently attenuated both LPS-induced lung inflammation in a mouse model of ARDS and in LPS challenged human neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manoel Carneiro Oliveira-Junior
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - BreAnne MacKenzie
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alana Santos-Dias
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Roberta Almeida-Oliveira
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alessandro Pereira Silva
- Post-graduation Program in Biomedical Engineering, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Flavio Aimbire
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Hugo Caire Castro-Faria-Neto
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Osvaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Osvaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil; Universidade Brasil, Post-graduation Program in Bioengineering and in Biomedical Engineering, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-graduation Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Santos, SP, Brazil; Anhembi Morumbi University, School of Medicine, Avenida Deputado Benedito Matarazzo 4050, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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13
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Fernandes P, de Mendonça Oliveira L, Brüggemann TR, Sato MN, Olivo CR, Arantes-Costa FM. Physical Exercise Induces Immunoregulation of TREG, M2, and pDCs in a Lung Allergic Inflammation Model. Front Immunol 2019; 10:854. [PMID: 31156611 PMCID: PMC6532549 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The benefits of moderate aerobic physical exercise for allergic asthma are well-known, particularly that of the anti-inflammatory effect that occurs by reducing Th2 responses and lung remodeling. However, the mechanisms of this immunoregulation are still under investigation. In this study, we investigated the possible immunoregulatory mechanisms of lung inflammation induced by moderate aerobic exercise in an experimental asthma model. BALB/c mice were distributed into Control, Exercise (EX), OVA, and OEX groups. OVA and OEX groups were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) on days 0, 14, 21, 28, and 42 and were challenged with OVA aerosol three times a week from days 21 to 51. The EX and OEX groups underwent moderate aerobic physical exercise from days 21 to 51 (5 d/w, 1 h/d). The mice were euthanized on day 52. We evaluated pulmonary cytokine production, serum immunoglobulin levels, and the inflammatory cell profile in lung and mediastinal lymph nodes. OVA mice showed increased expression of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β and decreased macrophage type 2 (M2) recruitment. Physical exercise did not affect the increased antibody production of IgG2a, IgG1, or IgE induced by OVA. Of note, physical exercise alone markedly increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β. Physical exercise in OVA-mice also increased the recruitment of M2 in the lungs, as well as the influx and activation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes. In the draining lymph nodes, it was also observed that physical exercise increased the activation of CD4 T cells, regardless of the presence of OVA. Notably, physical exercise decreased common dendritic cells' (cDCs; pro-inflammatory) expression of co-stimulatory molecules such as CD80, CD86, and ICOSL in the draining lymph nodes, as well as increased ICOSL in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs; anti-inflammatory). Together, these findings show that physical exercise modulates pulmonary allergic inflammation by increasing Treg and M2 recruitment, as well as pDCs activation, which leads to an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines and a decrease in pro-inflammatory cells and mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Fernandes
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics LIM20, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana de Mendonça Oliveira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thayse Regina Brüggemann
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria Notomi Sato
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM56, Division of Clinical Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clarice Rosa Olivo
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics LIM20, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,University City of São Paulo (UNICID)/Institute of Medical Assistance to the State Public Servant (IAMSPE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Magalhães Arantes-Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics LIM20, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, Center of Development of Medical Education, CEDEM, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Nurwidya F, Handayani R, Yunus F, Rengganis I, Ilyas E. The effect of asthma exercise on cortisol hormone and interleukin-5 in the Indonesian patients with persistent asthma. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_211_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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15
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de Genaro IS, de Almeida FM, Hizume-Kunzler DC, Moriya HT, Silva RA, Cruz JCG, Lopes RB, Righetti RF, de Paula Vieira R, Saiki M, Martins MA, Tibério IDFLC, Arantes-Costa FM, Saraiva-Romanholo BM. Low dose of chlorine exposure exacerbates nasal and pulmonary allergic inflammation in mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12636. [PMID: 30135462 PMCID: PMC6105688 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Work-exacerbated asthma (WEA) is defined as preexisting asthma that worsens with exposure to irritants [e.g., chlorine (Cl2) derivatives] in the workplace. The maximum allowable concentration in the workplace of Cl2 exposure is 3 mg/ m3 (described in OSHA). We investigated in an experimental asthma model in mice the effects of a single exposure to a sodium hypochlorite dose with this allowed chlorine concentration and a tenfold higher dose. Acute chlorine exposure at 3.3 mg/m3 in the OVA-sensitized group increased eosinophils in the peribronquial infiltrate, cytokine production, nasal mucus production and the number of iNOS positive cells in the distal lung compared to only sensitized mice. The exposure to a higher dose of 33.3 mg/m3 in the OVA-sensitized group resulted in an increase in respiratory system elastance, in the total and differential numbers of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-17 in the lungs, eosinophils in peribronquial infiltrate and mucus content in nasal compared to non-exposed and sensitized animals. In this asthma model, chorine exposures at an allowable dose, contributed to the potentiation of Th2 responses. The functional alterations were associated with increased iNOS and ROCK-2 activation in the distal lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Santos de Genaro
- Public Employee of Sao Paulo Hospital (IAMSPE), Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Deborah Camargo Hizume-Kunzler
- Department of Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Physical Therapy (LaPEx), State University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Henrique Takachi Moriya
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Escola Politecnica, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Aparecido Silva
- Department of Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renato Fraga Righetti
- Department of Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Sírio-Libanês Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo de Paula Vieira
- Universidade Brasil, Post-graduation Program in Bioengenering, São Paulo, Brazil and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Mitiko Saiki
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, IPEN-CNEN/SP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milton Arruda Martins
- Department of Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva-Romanholo
- Public Employee of Sao Paulo Hospital (IAMSPE), Sao Paulo, Brazil. .,Department of Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. .,University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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16
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Cicko S, Köhler TC, Ayata CK, Müller T, Ehrat N, Meyer A, Hossfeld M, Zech A, Di Virgilio F, Idzko M. Extracellular ATP is a danger signal activating P2X7 receptor in a LPS mediated inflammation (ARDS/ALI). Oncotarget 2018; 9:30635-30648. [PMID: 30093975 PMCID: PMC6078145 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threating lung condition resulting from a direct and indirect injury to the lungs [1, 2]. Pathophysiologically it is characterized by an acute alveolar damage, an increased permeability of the microvascular-barrier, leading to protein-rich pulmonary edema and subsequent impairment of arterial oxygenation and respiratory failure [1]. This study examined the role of extracellular ATP in recruiting inflammatory cells to the lung after induction of acute lung injury with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, the precise mechanism is poorly understood. Our objective was to investigate the functional role of the P2X7 receptor in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS/ acute lung injury (ALI)) in vitro and in vivo. We show that intratracheally applied LPS causes an acute accumulation of ATP in the BALF (bronchoalveolar lavage) and lungs of mice. Prophylactic and therapeutic inhibition of P2X7R signalling by a specific antagonist and knock-out experiments was able to ameliorate the inflammatory response demonstrated by reduced ATP-levels, number of neutrophils and concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the BALF. Experiments with chimeric mice showed that P2X7R expression on immune cells was responsible for the observed effect. Consistently, the inflammatory response is diminished only by a cell-type specific knockdown of P2X7 receptor on non-stationary immune cells. Since the results of BALF from patients with acute ARDS or pneumonia simulated the in vivo data after LPS exposure, the P2X7 receptor may be a new therapeutic target for treatment in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS/ALI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Cicko
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Cemil Korcan Ayata
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Müller
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Pneumology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Ehrat
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anja Meyer
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Madelon Hossfeld
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zech
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Idzko
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Freiburg, Germany
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17
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Coumestrol/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin association incorporated in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose hydrogel exhibits wound healing effect: in vitro and in vivo study. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 119:179-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Signaling in Lung Development and Inflammatory Lung Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6057589. [PMID: 30018981 PMCID: PMC6029485 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6057589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was firstly identified as a hormone that mediates the biological effects of growth hormone. Accumulating data have indicated the role of IGF-1 signaling pathway in lung development and diseases such as congenital disorders, cancers, inflammation, and fibrosis. IGF-1 signaling modulates the development and differentiation of many types of lung cells, including airway basal cells, club cells, alveolar epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. IGF-1 signaling deficiency results in alveolar hyperplasia in humans and disrupted lung architecture in animal models. The components of IGF-1 signaling pathways are potentiated as biomarkers as they are dysregulated locally or systemically in lung diseases, whereas data may be inconsistent or even paradoxical among different studies. The usage of IGF-1-based therapeutic agents urges for more researches in developmental disorders and inflammatory lung diseases, as the majority of current data are collected from limited number of animal experiments and are generally less exuberant than those in lung cancer. Elucidation of these questions by further bench-to-bedside researches may provide us with rational clinical diagnostic approaches and agents concerning IGF-1 signaling in lung diseases.
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19
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Stravinskas Durigon T, MacKenzie B, Carneiro Oliveira-Junior M, Santos-Dias A, De Angelis K, Malfitano C, Kelly da Palma R, Moreno Guerra J, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Garcia Caldini E, de Almeida FM, Aquino-Santos HC, Rigonato-Oliveira NC, Leal de Oliveira DB, Aimbire F, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Franco de Oliveira LV, Durigon EL, Hiemstra PS, Vieira RP. Aerobic Exercise Protects from Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Induced Pneumonia in Elderly Mice. J Innate Immun 2018; 10:279-290. [PMID: 29843140 DOI: 10.1159/000488953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PS) infection results in severe morbidity and mortality, especially in immune-deficient populations. Aerobic exercise (AE) modulates the immune system, but its effects on the outcomes of pulmonary PS infection in elderly mice are unknown. METHODS BALB/c mice (24 weeks old) were randomized to sedentary, exercise (EX), PS, and PS + EX groups for the acute experimental setting, and PS and PS + EX groups for the chronic setting. Low-intensity AE was performed for 5 weeks, 60 min/day; 24 h after the final AE session, mice were inoculated with 5 × 104 colony-forming units (CFU) of PS, and 24 h and 14 days after PS inoculation, mice were studied. RESULTS AE inhibited PS colonization (p < 0.001) and lung inflammation (total cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes [p < 0.01] in bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL]), with significant differences in BAL levels of IL-1β (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p < 0.01), CXCL1 (p < 0.001), and TNF-α (p < 0.001), as well as parenchymal neutrophils (p < 0.001). AE increased BAL levels of IL-10 and parenchymal (p < 0.001) and epithelial (p < 0.001) IL-10 expression, while epithelial (p < 0.001) and parenchymal (p < 0.001) NF-κB expression was decreased. AE diminished pulmonary lipid peroxidation (p < 0.001) and increased glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.01). Pre-incubation of BEAS-2B with IL-10 inhibited PS-induced epithelial cell expression of TNF-α (p < 0.05), CD40 (p < 0.01), and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS AE inhibits PS-induced lung inflammation and bacterial colonization in elderly mice, involving IL-10/NF-κB, and redox signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stravinskas Durigon
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - BreAnne MacKenzie
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | - Alana Santos-Dias
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christiano Malfitano
- Science Department of Health, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Brazil
| | - Renata Kelly da Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Moreno Guerra
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | - Elia Garcia Caldini
- Department of Pathology (LIM 59), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francine Maria de Almeida
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Danielle Bruna Leal de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavio Aimbire
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rodolfo P Vieira
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil.,Postgraduation Program in Bioengineering, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduation Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
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20
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Exercise Training Mitigates Water Pipe Smoke Exposure-Induced Pulmonary Impairment via Inhibiting NF- κB and Activating Nrf2 Signalling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7459612. [PMID: 29692875 PMCID: PMC5859847 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7459612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Water pipe smoking is a tobacco smoking method commonly used in Eastern countries and is gaining popularity in Europe and North America, in particular among adolescents and young adults. Several clinical and experimental studies have reported that exposure to water pipe smoke (WPS) induces lung inflammation and impairment of pulmonary function. However, the mechanisms of such effects are not understood, as are data on the possible palliative effect of exercise training. The present study evaluated the effects of regular aerobic exercise training (treadmill: 5 days/week, 40 min/day) on subchronic exposure to WPS (30 minutes/day, 5 days/week for 2 months). C57BL/6 mice were exposed to air or WPS with or without exercise training. Airway resistance measured using forced oscillation technique was significantly and dose-dependently increased in the WPS-exposed group when compared with the air-exposed one. Exercise training significantly prevented the effect of WPS on airway resistance. Histologically, the lungs of WPS-exposed mice had focal moderate interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration consisting of neutrophil polymorphs, plasma cells, and lymphocytes. There was a mild increase in intra-alveolar macrophages and a focal damage to alveolar septae in some foci. Exercise training significantly alleviated these effects and also decreased the WPS-induced increase of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 concentrations and attenuated the increase of 8-isoprostane in lung homogenates. Likewise, the lung DNA damage induced by WPS was significantly inhibited by exercise training. Moreover, exercise training inhibited nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) expression induced by WPS and increased that of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Our findings suggest that exercise training significantly mitigated WPS-induced increase in airway resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage via mechanisms that include inhibiting NF-κB and activating Nrf2 signalling pathways.
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21
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Aquino-Junior JCJ, MacKenzie B, Almeida-Oliveira AR, Martins AC, Oliveira-Junior MC, Britto AA, Arantes-Costa FM, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Caldini EG, de Oliveira APL, Guadagnini D, Leiria LO, Ricardo DR, Abdalla Saad MJ, Vieira RP. Aerobic exercise inhibits obesity-induced respiratory phenotype. Cytokine 2018; 104:46-52. [PMID: 29454302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity results in decreased lung function and increased inflammation. Moderate aerobic exercise (AE) reduced lung inflammation and remodeling in a variety of respiratory disease models. Therefore, this study investigated whether AE can attenuate a diet-induced obesity respiratory phenotype; including airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), remodeling and inflammation. METHODS Sixty C57Bl/6 male mice were distributed into four groups: control lean (CL), exercise lean (EL), obese (O) and obese exercise (OE) groups (2 sets of 7 and 8 mice per group; n = 15). A classical model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) over 12 weeks was used. AE was performed 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 5 weeks. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), lung inflammation and remodeling, adipokines and cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was determined. RESULTS A high fat diet over 18 weeks significantly increased body weight (p < .0001). Five weeks of AE significantly reduced both AHR and pulmonary inflammation. AHR in obese mice that exercised was reduced at the basal level (p < .05), vehicle (PBS) (p < .05), 6.25 MCh mg/mL (p < .05), 12.5 MCh mg/mL (p < .01), 25 MCh mg/mL (p < .01) and 50 MCh mg/mL (p < .05). Collagen (p < .001) and elastic (p < .001) fiber deposition in airway wall and also smooth muscle thickness (p < .001) were reduced. The number of neutrophils (p < .001), macrophages (p < .001) and lymphocytes (p < .01) were reduced in the peribronchial space as well as in the BAL: lymphocytes (p < .01), macrophages (p < .01), neutrophils (p < .001). AE reduced obesity markers leptin (p < .001), IGF-1 (p < .01) and VEGF (p < .001), while increased adiponectin (p < .01) in BAL. AE also reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines in the BAL: IL-1β (p < .001), IL-12p40 (p < .001), IL-13 (p < .01), IL-17 (p < .001, IL-23 (p < .05) and TNF-alpha (p < .05), and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise reduces high fat diet-induced obese lung phenotype (AHR, pulmonary remodeling and inflammation), involving anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and adiponectin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - BreAnne MacKenzie
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, Sao José dos Campos, SP 12245-520, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina Martins
- Universidade Brasil, Rua Carolina Fonseca, 584 - Itaquera, São Paulo, SP 08230-030, Brazil
| | - Manoel Carneiro Oliveira-Junior
- Nove de Julho University, Rua Vergueiro 235/249, São Paulo, SP 01504-001, Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, Sao José dos Campos, SP 12245-520, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Magalhaes Arantes-Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 455, Cerqueira Cesar, Sao Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Nilsa Regina Damaceno-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LIM 59), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 455, Cerqueira Cesar, Sao Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Elia Garcia Caldini
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LIM 59), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 455, Cerqueira Cesar, Sao Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ligeiro de Oliveira
- Nove de Julho University, Rua Vergueiro 235/249, São Paulo, SP 01504-001, Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, Sao José dos Campos, SP 12245-520, Brazil
| | - Dioze Guadagnini
- Department of Internal Medicine, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Luiz Osorio Leiria
- Department of Internal Medicine, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Djalma Rabelo Ricardo
- School of Medical Sciences of Sao Jose dos Campos Humanitas, Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima 811, Sao José dos Campos, SP 12227-000, Brazil
| | - Mario Jose Abdalla Saad
- Department of Internal Medicine, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, Sao José dos Campos, SP 12245-520, Brazil; School of Medical Sciences of Sao Jose dos Campos Humanitas, Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima 811, Sao José dos Campos, SP 12227-000, Brazil; Universidade Brasil, Rua Carolina Fonseca, 584 - Itaquera, São Paulo, SP 08230-030, Brazil.
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22
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Mokhtari-Zaer A, Hosseini M, Boskabady MH. The effects of exercise on depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors as well as lung and hippocampus oxidative stress in ovalbumin-sensitized juvenile rats. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2017; 248:55-62. [PMID: 29224851 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma during early life period has been reported to be associated with neurochemical and behavioral disorders, including anxiety and depression. We aimed to determine the effects of exercise on depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors as well as lung and hippocampus oxidative stress in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized juvenile rats. Animals were divided into 4 groups including control (non-exercised and non-sensitized), Exe (exercise and non-sensitized); OVA (non-exercised and OVA-sensitized); and OVA+Exe (exercised and OVA-sensitized). The rats were subjected to chronic OVA sensitization followed by 4 weeks of treadmill exercise training. Compared to the control group, the OVA group had an increase in anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, lung inflammation, and oxidative stress index in the lung and hippocampus. Compared to the OVA group, the OVA+Exe group had a decline in anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, lung inflammation, and oxidative stress index in the lung and hippocampus. No significant difference in terms of the above-mentioned parameters, were found between the control group and the Exe group. Exercise decreased depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in OVA-sensitized juvenile rats; this effect might have been mainly mediated by improvement in antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mokhtari-Zaer
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel MA, Bachi ALL, Oliveira-Junior MC, Abbasi A, Silva-Renno A, Aparecida de Brito A, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Choqueta Toledo-Arruda A, Belvisi MG, Paula Vieira R. Exercise Inhibits the Effects of Smoke-Induced COPD Involving Modulation of STAT3. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6572714. [PMID: 29326759 PMCID: PMC5664289 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6572714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluate the participation of STAT3 in the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) in a model of smoke-induced COPD. METHODS C57Bl/6 male mice were divided into control, Exe, COPD, and COPD+Exe groups. Smoke were administered during 90 days. Treadmill aerobic training begun on day 61 until day 90. Pulmonary inflammation, systemic inflammation, the level of lung emphysema, and the airway remodeling were evaluated. Analysis of integral and phosphorylated expression of STAT3 by airway epithelial cells, peribronchial leukocytes, and parenchymal leukocytes was performed. RESULTS AE inhibited smoke-induced accumulation of total cells (p < 0.001), lymphocytes (p < 0.001), and neutrophils (p < 0.001) in BAL, as well as BAL levels of IL-1β (p < 0.001), CXCL1 (p < 0.001), IL-17 (p < 0.001), and TNF-α (p < 0.05), while increased the levels of IL-10 (p < 0.001). AE also inhibited smoke-induced increases in total leukocytes (p < 0.001), neutrophils (p < 0.05), lymphocytes (p < 0.001), and monocytes (p < 0.01) in blood, as well as serum levels of IL-1β (p < 0.01), CXCL1 (p < 0.01), IL-17 (p < 0.05), and TNF-α (p < 0.01), while increased the levels of IL-10 (p < 0.001). AE reduced smoke-induced emphysema (p < 0.001) and collagen fiber accumulation in the airways (p < 0.001). AE reduced smoke-induced STAT3 and phospho-STAT3 expression in airway epithelial cells (p < 0.001), peribronchial leukocytes (p < 0.001), and parenchymal leukocytes (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AE reduces smoke-induced COPD phenotype involving STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), School of Medical Sciences of São José dos Campos Humanitas and Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andre Luis Lacerda Bachi
- Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Post-Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Manoel Carneiro Oliveira-Junior
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), School of Medical Sciences of São José dos Campos Humanitas and Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Asghar Abbasi
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND Institute), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adriano Silva-Renno
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), School of Medical Sciences of São José dos Campos Humanitas and Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alessandra Choqueta Toledo-Arruda
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics (LIM 20), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Belvisi
- Respiratory Pharmacology Group, Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), School of Medical Sciences of São José dos Campos Humanitas and Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Mackenzie B, Andrade-Sousa AS, Oliveira-Junior MC, Assumpção-Neto E, Brandão-Rangel MAR, Silva-Renno A, Santos-Dias A, Cicko S, Grimm M, Müller T, Oliveira APL, Martins MA, Idzko M, Vieira RP. Dendritic Cells Are Involved in the Effects of Exercise in a Model of Asthma. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 48:1459-67. [PMID: 27015383 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) on both the maturation of dendritic cells (DC) and the activation of lymphocytes in a mouse model of chronic allergic airway inflammation. METHODS C57BL/6 mice distributed into control, exercise, ovalbumin (OVA), and OVA + exercise groups were submitted to OVA sensitization and challenge. Treadmill training was performed for 4 wk, and mice were assessed for classical features of chronic allergic airway inflammation as well as dendritic cell activation and T-lymphocyte response. RESULTS AE reduced OVA-induced eosinophilic inflammation as observed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (P < 0.001), airway walls (P < 0001), and also reduced collagen deposition (P < 0.001). AE also reduced bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, P < 0.001; IL-5, P < 0.01; IL-6, P < 0.001; IL-13, P < 0.01; and tumor necrosis factor α, P < 0.01). Cells derived from mediastinal lymphnodes of AE animals that were restimulated with OVA produced less IL-4 (P < 0.01), IL-5 (P < 0.01), and IL-13 (P < 0.001). In addition, AE reduced both DC activation, as demonstrated by reduced release of IL-6 (P < 0.001), CXCL1/KC (P < 0.01), IL-12p70 (P < 0.01), and tumor necrosis factor α (P < 0.05) and DC maturation, as demonstrated by lower MCH-II expression (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION AE attenuated dendritic cell and lymphocyte activation and maturation, which contributed to reduced airway inflammation and remodeling in the OVA model of chronic allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanne Mackenzie
- 1Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo, BRAZIL; 2COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freigurg, Freiburg, GERMANY; and 3Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
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Pereira PR, Oliveira-Junior MC, Mackenzie B, Chiovatto JED, Matos Y, Greiffo FR, Rigonato-Oliveira NC, Brugemman TR, Delle H, Idzko M, Albertini R, Ligeiro Oliveira AP, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Caldini EG, Fernandez IE, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Dolhnikoff M, Eickelberg O, Vieira RP. Exercise Reduces Lung Fibrosis Involving Serotonin/Akt Signaling. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 48:1276-84. [PMID: 26895395 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fibrosing interstitial pneumonia, which involves aberrant serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) and Akt signaling. As protective effects of chronic aerobic training (AT) have been demonstrated in the context of lung injury, this study investigated whether AT attenuates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis partly via a reduction of 5-HT and AKT signaling. METHODS Seventy-two C57BL/6 male mice were distributed in Control (Co), Exercise (Ex), Fibrosis (Fi), and Fibrosis + Exercise (Fi + Ex) groups. Bleomycin (1.5 UI·kg) was administered on day 1 and treadmill AT began on day 15 and continued for 60 min·d, 5 d·wk for 4 wk. We evaluated total and differential cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, CXCL1/KC, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α, and transforming growth factor β levels in BAL, collagen content in lung parenchyma, 5-HT levels in BAL fluid and in serum, the expression of 5-HT2B receptor, and Akt phosphorylation in lung tissue. RESULTS AT reduced bleomycin-increased number of total cells (P < 0.001), neutrophils (P < 0.01), macrophages (P < 0.01), and lymphocytes (P < 0.05) in BAL. It also reduced the levels of IL-1β (P < 0.01), IL-6 (P < 0.05), CXCL1/KC (P < 0.001), tumor necrosis factor α (P < 0.001), and transforming growth factor β (P < 0.001). It increased expression of ant-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (P < 0.001). It reduced bleomycin-increased 5-HT levels in BAL (P < 0.001) and in serum (P < 0.05). Reductions in collagen fiber deposition (P < 0.01), 5-HT2B receptor expression (P < 0.01), and Akt phosphorylation in lung tissue were observed. CONCLUSIONS AT accelerates the resolution of lung inflammation and fibrosis in a model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis partly via attenuation of 5-HT/Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Rogerio Pereira
- 1Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, BRAZIL; 2Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL; 3COPD and Asthma Research Group, Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, GERMANY; 4Laboratory of Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL; 5Comprehensive Pneumology Centre, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, GERMANY; 6Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute Oswaldo Cruz, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL; and 7Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
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Almeida FM, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Vieira RP, Moriya HT, Ligeiro-de-Oliveira AP, Lopes FDTQS, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Mauad T, Martins MA, Pazetti R. Compensatory lung growth after bilobectomy in emphysematous rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181819. [PMID: 28750097 PMCID: PMC5531597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) is an option for emphysematous patients who are awaiting lung transplantation. LVRS reduces nonfunctional portions of lung tissues and favors the compensatory lung growth (CLG) of the remaining lobes. This phenomenon diminishes dyspnea and improves both the respiratory mechanics and quality of life for the patients. An animal model of elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema was used to investigate the structural and functional lung response after LVRS. Bilobectomy was performed six weeks after elastase instillation. Two weeks after bilobectomy, CLG effects were evaluated by lung mechanics and histomorphometric analysis. After bilobectomy, the emphysematous animals presented decreased mean linear intercepts, increased elastic fiber proportion, and increased alveolar surface density, total volumes of airspace, tissue and respiratory region and absolute surface area. We conclude that bilobectomy promoted CLG in emphysematous animals, resulting in alveolar architecture repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), School of Medical Sciences of Sao Jose dos Campos Humanitas and Universidade Brazil, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Ligeiro-de-Oliveira
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), School of Medical Sciences of Sao Jose dos Campos Humanitas and Universidade Brazil, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Rogerio Pazetti
- Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Sao Paulo, Cardiopneumology (LIM61), São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Local and hematological alterations induced by Philodryas olfersii snake venom in mice. Toxicon 2017; 132:9-17. [PMID: 28347748 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Gordon CJ, Phillips PM, Ledbetter A, Snow SJ, Schladweiler MC, Johnstone AFM, Kodavanti UP. Active vs. sedentary lifestyle from weaning to adulthood and susceptibility to ozone in rats. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 312:L100-L109. [PMID: 27836902 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00415.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of a sedentary (SED) life style combined with calorically rich diets has spurred the rise in childhood obesity, which, in turn, translates to adverse health effects in adulthood. Obesity and lack of active (ACT) lifestyle may increase susceptibility to air pollutants. We housed 22-day-old female Long-Evans rats in a cage without (SED) or with a running wheel (ACT). After 10 wk the rats ran 310 ± 16.3 km. Responses of SED and ACT rats to whole-body O3 (0, 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm; 5 h/day for 2 days) was assessed. Glucose tolerance testing (GTT) was performed following the first day of O3 ACT rats had less body fat and an improved glucose GTT. Ventilatory function (plethysmography) of SED and ACT groups was similarly impaired by O3 Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected after the second O3 exposure. SED and ACT rats were hyperglycemic following 1.0 ppm O3 GTT was impaired by O3 in both groups; however, ACT rats exhibited improved recovery to 0.25 and 1.0 ppm O3 BALF cell neutrophils and total cells were similarly increased in ACT and SED groups exposed to 1.0 ppm O3 O3-induced increase in eosinophils was exacerbated in SED rats. Chronic exercise from postweaning to adulthood improved some of the metabolic and pulmonary responses to O3 (GTT and eosinophils) but several other parameters were unaffected. The reduction in O3-induced rise in BALF eosinophils in ACT rats suggests a possible link between a SED lifestyle and incidence of asthma-related symptoms from O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Gordon
- Toxicity Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and
| | - P M Phillips
- Toxicity Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and
| | - A Ledbetter
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - S J Snow
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - M C Schladweiler
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - A F M Johnstone
- Toxicity Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and
| | - U P Kodavanti
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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Magalhães GS, Rodrigues-Machado MG, Motta-Santos D, Alenina N, Bader M, Santos RA, Barcelos LS, Campagnole-Santos MJ. Chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation is aggravated in angiotensin-(1-7) Mas receptor knockout mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L1141-L1148. [PMID: 27815255 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00029.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The angiotensin-(1-7) [ANG-(1-7)]/Mas receptor pathway is currently recognized as a counterbalancing mechanism of the renin-angiotensin system in different pathophysiological conditions. We have previously described that treatment with ANG-(1-7) attenuates lung inflammation and remodeling in an experimental model of asthma. In the present study, we investigated whether lack of the Mas receptor could alter the inflammatory response in a model of chronic allergic lung inflammation induced by ovalbumin (OVA). Mas receptor wild-type (MasWT) and knockout (MasKO) mice were subjected to four doses of OVA (20 μg/mice ip) with a 14-day interval. At the 21st day, nebulization with OVA (1%) was started, three times per week until the 46th day. Control groups received saline (0.9% ip) and were nebulized with saline (0.9%). MasWT-OVA developed a modest inflammatory response and minor pulmonary remodeling to OVA challenge. Strikingly, MasKO-OVA presented a significant increase in inflammatory cell infiltrate, increase in extracellular matrix deposition, increase in thickening of the alveolar parenchyma, increase in thickening of the smooth muscle layer of the pulmonary arterioles, increase in proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in the lungs, characteristic of chronic asthma. Additionally, MasKO-OVA presented an increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation compared with MasWT-OVA. Furthermore, MasKO-OVA showed a worse performance in a test of maximum physical exercise compared with MasWT-OVA. Our study shows that effects triggered by the Mas receptor are important to attenuate the inflammatory and remodeling processes in a model of allergic lung inflammation in mice. Our data indicate that impairment of the ANG-(1-7)/Mas receptor pathway may lead to worsening of the pathophysiological changes of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle S Magalhães
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-NANOBIOFAR) and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; and
| | - Maria Glória Rodrigues-Machado
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-NANOBIOFAR) and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; and
| | - Daisy Motta-Santos
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-NANOBIOFAR) and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; and
| | | | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robson A Santos
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-NANOBIOFAR) and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; and
| | - Lucíola S Barcelos
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-NANOBIOFAR) and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; and
| | - Maria José Campagnole-Santos
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-NANOBIOFAR) and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; and
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Andrade-Sousa AS, Rogério Pereira P, MacKenzie B, Oliveira-Junior MC, Assumpção-Neto E, Brandão-Rangel MAR, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Garcia Caldini E, Velosa APP, Teodoro WR, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Dolhnikoff M, Eickelberg O, Vieira RP. Aerobic Exercise Attenuated Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis in Th2-Dominant Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163420. [PMID: 27677175 PMCID: PMC5038953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise (AE) in reducing bleomycin-induced fibrosis in mice of a Th2-dominant immune background (BALB/c). METHODS BALB/c mice were distributed into: sedentary, control (CON), Exercise-only (EX), sedentary, bleomycin-treated (BLEO) and bleomycin-treated+exercised (BLEO+EX); (n = 8/group). Following treadmill adaptation, 15 days following a single, oro-tracheal administration of bleomycin (1.5U/kg), AE was performed 5 days/week, 60min/day for 4 weeks at moderate intensity (60% of maximum velocity reached during a physical test) and assessed for pulmonary inflammation and remodeling, and cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). RESULTS At 45 days post injury, compared to BLEO, BLEO+EX demonstrated reduced collagen deposition in the airways (p<0.001) and also in the lung parenchyma (p<0.001). In BAL, a decreased number of total leukocytes (p<0.01), eosinophils (p<0.001), lymphocytes (p<0.01), macrophages (p<0.01), and neutrophils (p<0.01), as well as reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (CXCL-1; p<0.01), (IL-1β; p<0.001), (IL-5; p<0.01), (IL-6; p<0.001), (IL-13; p<0.01) and pro-fibrotic growth factor IGF-1 (p<0.001) were observed. Anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased (p<0.001). CONCLUSION AE attenuated bleomycin-induced collagen deposition, inflammation and cytokines accumulation in the lungs of mice with a predominately Th2-background suggesting that therapeutic AE (15-44 days post injury) attenuates the pro-inflammatory, Th2 immune response and fibrosis in the bleomycin model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Santos Andrade-Sousa
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, São Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Rogério Pereira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, São Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - BreAnne MacKenzie
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, São Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Manoel Carneiro Oliveira-Junior
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, São Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Erasmo Assumpção-Neto
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, São Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandão-Rangel
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, São Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Nilsa Regina Damaceno-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LIM 59), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Elia Garcia Caldini
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LIM 59), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Pereira Velosa
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM 17), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Walcy Rosolia Teodoro
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM 17), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ligeiro de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, São Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 455, Sao Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Ludwig Maximilian Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, München, Germany
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, São Paulo – SP, Brazil
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Alberca-Custódio RW, Greiffo FR, MacKenzie B, Oliveira-Junior MC, Andrade-Sousa AS, Graudenz GS, Santos ABG, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Arantes-Costa FM, Martins MDA, Abbasi A, Lin CJ, Idzko M, Ligeiro Oliveira AP, Northoff H, Vieira RP. Aerobic Exercise Reduces Asthma Phenotype by Modulation of the Leukotriene Pathway. Front Immunol 2016; 7:237. [PMID: 27379098 PMCID: PMC4905963 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Leukotrienes (LTs) play a central role in asthma. Low- to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (AE) reduces asthmatic inflammation in clinical studies and in experimental models. This study investigated whether AE attenuates LT pathway activation in an ovalbumin (OVA) model of asthma. Methods Sixty-four male, BALB/c mice were distributed into Control, Exercise (Exe), OVA, and OVA + Exe groups. Treadmill training was performed at moderate intensity, 5×/week, 1 h/session for 4 weeks. Quantification of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cellularity, leukocytes, airway remodeling, interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT), and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in BAL was performed. In addition, quantitative analyses on peribronchial leukocytes and airway epithelium for LT pathway agents: 5-lypoxygenase (5-LO), LTA4 hydrolase (LTA4H), CysLT1 receptor, CysLT2 receptor, LTC4 synthase, and LTB4 receptor 2 (BLT2) were performed. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine (MCh) was assessed via whole body plethysmography. Results AE decreased eosinophils (p < 0.001), neutrophils (p > 0.001), lymphocytes (p < 0.001), and macrophages (p < 0.01) in BAL, as well as eosinophils (p < 0.01), lymphocytes (p < 0.001), and macrophages (p > 0.001) in airway walls. Collagen (p < 0.01), elastic fibers (p < 0.01), mucus production (p < 0.01), and smooth muscle thickness (p < 0.01), as well as IL-5 (p < 0.01), IL-13 (p < 0.01), CysLT (p < 0.01), and LTB4 (p < 0.01) in BAL were reduced. 5-LO (p < 0.05), LTA4H (p < 0.05), CysLT1 receptor (p < 0.001), CysLT2 receptor (p < 0.001), LTC4 synthase (p < 0.001), and BLT2 (p < 0.01) expression by peribronchial leukocytes and airway epithelium were reduced. Lastly, AHR to MCh 25 mg/mL (p < 0.05) and 50 mg/mL (p < 0.01) was reduced. Conclusion Moderate-intensity AE attenuated asthma phenotype and LT production in both pulmonary leukocytes and airway epithelium of OVA-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Wesley Alberca-Custódio
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Flávia Regina Greiffo
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - BreAnne MacKenzie
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Manoel Carneiro Oliveira-Junior
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Adilson Santos Andrade-Sousa
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Gustavo Silveira Graudenz
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Angela Batista Gomes Santos
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Hugo Caire Castro-Faria-Neto
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute Oswaldo Cruz (IOF), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | | | - Milton De Arruda Martins
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Asghar Abbasi
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND Institute), University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA , USA
| | - Chin Jia Lin
- Department of Pathology (LIM 05), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Marco Idzko
- COPD and Asthma Research Group, Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Ana Paula Ligeiro Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Hinnak Northoff
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine (IKET), University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI) and Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) , São Paulo , Brazil
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Nesi RT, de Souza PS, Dos Santos GP, Thirupathi A, Menegali BT, Silveira PCL, da Silva LA, Valença SS, Pinho RA. Physical exercise is effective in preventing cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary oxidative response in mice. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 11:603-10. [PMID: 27042047 PMCID: PMC4809330 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s93958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important in the pathogenesis of pulmonary injury induced by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure, and physical exercise (Ex) is useful in combating impaired oxidative process. We verified the preventive effects of Ex on lung oxidative markers induced by smoking. In this study, 36 mice (C57BL-6, 30-35 g) were split into four groups: control, CS, Ex, and CS plus Ex. Ex groups were given prior physical training in water (2×30 min/d, 5 days/wk, 8 weeks). After training, the CS groups were subjected to passive exposure to four cigarettes, 3 × per day, for 60 consecutive days. After 24 hours from the last exposure, CS animals were sacrificed, and lung samples were collected for further analysis. Left lung sample was prepared for histological analysis, and right lung was used for biochemical analysis (superoxide, hydroxyproline, lipid peroxidation [thiobarbituric acid reactive species], protein carbonylation [carbonyl groups formation], superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and glutathione peroxidase [GPx] activities). Group comparisons were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, with P<0.05 considered significantly different. Preventive Ex impeded histological changes and increased the enzymatic defense system (SOD and GPx) by reducing oxidative damage in lipids and proteins. This preventive effect of prior physical Ex alleviates damage caused by CS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Tiscoski Nesi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Priscila Soares de Souza
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Giulia Pedroso Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Anand Thirupathi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruno T Menegali
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Luciano Acordi da Silva
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Samuel Santos Valença
- Biomedical Science Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Aurino Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Almeida FM, Oliveira-Junior MC, Souza RA, Petroni RC, Soto SF, Soriano FG, de Carvalho PTC, Albertini R, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Martins MA, Dolhnikoff M, Pazetti R, Vieira RP. Creatine supplementation attenuates pulmonary and systemic effects of lung ischemia and reperfusion injury. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [PMID: 26215332 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Baudiß K, de Paula Vieira R, Cicko S, Ayata K, Hossfeld M, Ehrat N, Gómez-Muñoz A, Eltzschig HK, Idzko M. C1P Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Preventing NF-κB Activation in Neutrophils. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2319-26. [PMID: 26800872 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) has been shown to modulate acute inflammatory events. Acute lung injury (Arnalich et al. 2000. Infect. Immun. 68: 1942-1945) is characterized by rapid alveolar injury, lung inflammation, induced cytokine production, neutrophil accumulation, and vascular leakage leading to lung edema. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of C1P during LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. To evaluate the effect of C1P, we used a prophylactic and therapeutic LPS-induced ALI model in C57BL/6 male mice. Our studies revealed that intrapulmonary application of C1P before (prophylactic) or 24 h after (therapeutic) LPS instillation decreased neutrophil trafficking to the lung, proinflammatory cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage, and alveolar capillary leakage. Mechanistically, C1P inhibited the LPS-triggered NF-κB levels in lung tissue in vivo. In addition, ex vivo experiments revealed that C1P also attenuates LPS-induced NF-κB phosphorylation and IL-8 production in human neutrophils. These results indicate C1P playing a role in dampening LPS-induced acute lung inflammation and suggest that C1P could be a valuable candidate for treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Baudiß
- Department of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rodolfo de Paula Vieira
- Department of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sanja Cicko
- Department of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Korcan Ayata
- Department of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Madelon Hossfeld
- Department of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Ehrat
- Department of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Antonio Gómez-Muñoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, 48080 Bilbao, Spain; and
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Marco Idzko
- Department of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
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Freitas PD, Ferreira PG, da Silva A, Trecco S, Stelmach R, Cukier A, Carvalho-Pinto R, Salge JM, Fernandes FLA, Mancini MC, Martins MA, Carvalho CRF. The effects of exercise training in a weight loss lifestyle intervention on asthma control, quality of life and psychosocial symptoms in adult obese asthmatics: protocol of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15:124. [PMID: 26487563 PMCID: PMC4618133 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma and obesity are public health problems with increasing prevalence worldwide. Clinical and epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that obese asthmatics have worse clinical control and health related quality of life (HRQL) despite an optimized medical treatment. Bariatric surgery is successful to weight-loss and improves asthma control; however, the benefits of nonsurgical interventions remain unknown. METHODS/DESIGN This is a randomized controlled trial with 2-arms parallel. Fifty-five moderate or severe asthmatics with grade II obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m(2)) under optimized medication will be randomly assigned into either weight-loss program + sham (WL + S group) or weight-loss program + exercise (WL + E group). The weight loss program will be the same for both groups including nutrition and psychological therapies (every 15 days, total of 6 sessions, 60 min each). Exercise program will include aerobic and resistance muscle training while sham treatment will include a breathing and stretching program (both programs twice a week, 3 months, 60 min each session). The primary outcome variable will be asthma clinical control. Secondary outcomes include HRQL, levels of depression and anxiety, lung function, daily life physical activity, body composition, maximal aerobic capacity, strength muscle and sleep disorders. Potential mechanism (changes in lung mechanical and airway/systemic inflammation) will also be examined to explain the benefits in both groups. DISCUSSION This study will bring a significant contribution to the literature evaluating the effects of exercise conditioning in a weight loss intervention in obese asthmatics as well as will evaluate possible involved mechanisms. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02188940.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia D Freitas
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Rm 1210, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Palmira G Ferreira
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Rm 1210, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Analuci da Silva
- Department of Psychology, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sonia Trecco
- Department of Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Stelmach
- Department of Pulmonary Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alberto Cukier
- Department of Pulmonary Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Regina Carvalho-Pinto
- Department of Pulmonary Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - João Marcos Salge
- Department of Pulmonary Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Frederico L A Fernandes
- Department of Pulmonary Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcio C Mancini
- Department of Medicine, School of medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455 - room 1210, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Milton A Martins
- Department of Medicine, School of medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455 - room 1210, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Celso R F Carvalho
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Rm 1210, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil. .,Department of Medicine, School of medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455 - room 1210, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
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Effects of High-Intensity Swimming on Lung Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in a Murine Model of DEP-Induced Injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137273. [PMID: 26332044 PMCID: PMC4557939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have reported that exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) induces lung inflammation and increases oxidative stress, and both effects are susceptible to changes via regular aerobic exercise in rehabilitation programs. However, the effects of exercise on lungs exposed to DEP after the cessation of exercise are not clear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of high-intensity swimming on lung inflammation and oxidative stress in mice exposed to DEP concomitantly and after exercise cessation. Male Swiss mice were divided into 4 groups: Control (n = 12), Swimming (30 min/day) (n = 8), DEP (3 mg/mL—10 μL/mouse) (n = 9) and DEP+Swimming (n = 8). The high-intensity swimming was characterized by an increase in blood lactate levels greater than 1 mmoL/L between 10th and 30th minutes of exercise. Twenty-four hours after the final exposure to DEP, the anesthetized mice were euthanized, and we counted the number of total and differential inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF), measured the lung homogenate levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, INF-ϫ, IL-10, and IL-1ra using ELISA, and measured the levels of glutathione, non-protein thiols (GSH-t and NPSH) and the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the lung. Swimming sessions decreased the number of total cells (p<0.001), neutrophils and lymphocytes (p<0.001; p<0.05) in the BALF, as well as lung levels of IL-1β (p = 0.002), TNF-α (p = 0.003), IL-6 (p = 0.0001) and IFN-ϫ (p = 0.0001). However, the levels of IL-10 (p = 0.01) and IL-1ra (p = 0.0002) increased in the swimming groups compared with the control groups, as did the CAT lung levels (p = 0.0001). Simultaneously, swimming resulted in an increase in the GSH-t and NPSH lung levels in the DEP group (p = 0.0001 and p<0.002). We concluded that in this experimental model, the high-intensity swimming sessions decreased the lung inflammation and oxidative stress status during DEP-induced lung inflammation in mice.
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Fashi M, Agha Alinejad H, Asilian Mahabadi H. The Effect of Aerobic Exercise in Ambient Particulate Matter on Lung Tissue Inflammation and Lung Cancer. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION 2015; 8:e2333. [PMID: 26413253 PMCID: PMC4581364 DOI: 10.17795/ijcp2333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background: Exposure to Air pollution PM10 results in lung inflammation increased risk of lung cancer. Regular aerobic exercise improves the inflammatory status in different lung diseases. However, the effects of long-term aerobic exercise on the pulmonary response to PM10 have not been investigated. Objectives: The present study evaluated the effect of aerobic exercise on the lung inflammatory and risk of lung cancer of rat exposed to PM10 carbon black. Materials and Methods: Twenty four adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: A: control (without exposure PM10 and aerobic exercise; n = 6), B: aerobic exercise (five times per week for 4 weeks; n = 6), C: exposure to PM10 carbon black (5 mg/m3; per rat; n = 6), D: and aerobic exercise concomitantly with exposure to PM10 carbon black (n = 6). The gene expression of TLR4, NF-κB and TNF-α were analyzed in lung tissue by Real time-PCR. In order to determine the significant differences between groups, one way ANOVA and LSD post hoc and Kruskal-Vallis test were used. Results: Aerobic exercise inhibited the PM10 -induced increase in the gene expression of TLR4, NF-κB and TNF-α. But there was significant different only between B and C groups for TNF-α and NF-κB (P = 0.047, 0.014, respectively). Conclusions: We conclude that four week aerobic exercise presents protective effects in a rat model of PM10 carbon black-induced lung inflammation and risk of lung cancer. Our results indicate a need for human studies that evaluate the lung Responses to aerobic exercise chronically performed in polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Fashi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Hamid Agha Alinejad
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Hasan Asilian Mahabadi
- Deptartment of Occupational Health Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
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da Silva RA, Almeida FM, Olivo CR, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Perini A, Martins MA, Carvalho CRF. Comparison of the Effects of Aerobic Conditioning Before and After Pulmonary Allergic Inflammation. Inflammation 2014; 38:1229-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rodrigues-Machado MG, Magalhães GS, Cardoso JA, Kangussu LM, Murari A, Caliari MV, Oliveira ML, Cara DC, Noviello MLM, Marques FD, Pereira JM, Lautner RQ, Santos RAS, Campagnole-Santos MJ. AVE 0991, a non-peptide mimic of angiotensin-(1-7) effects, attenuates pulmonary remodelling in a model of chronic asthma. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:835-46. [PMID: 23889691 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE AVE 0991 (AVE) is a non-peptide compound, mimic of the angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) actions in many tissues and pathophysiological states. Here, we have investigated the effect of AVE on pulmonary remodelling in a murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced chronic allergic lung inflammation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used BALB/c mice (6-8 weeks old) and induced chronic allergic lung inflammation by OVA sensitization (20 μg·mouse(-1) , i.p., four times, 14 days apart) and OVA challenge (1%, nebulised during 30 min, three times per·week, for 4 weeks). Control and AVE groups were given saline i.p and challenged with saline. AVE treatment (1 mg·kg(-1) ·per day, s.c.) or saline (100 μL·kg(-1) ·per day, s.c.) was given during the challenge period. Mice were anaesthetized 72 h after the last challenge and blood and lungs collected. In some animals, primary bronchi were isolated to test contractile responses. Cytokines were evaluated in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung homogenates. KEY RESULTS Treatment with AVE of OVA sensitised and challenged mice attenuated the altered contractile response to carbachol in bronchial rings and reversed the increased airway wall and pulmonary vasculature thickness and right ventricular hypertrophy. Furthermore, AVE reduced IL-5 and increased IL-10 levels in the BAL, accompanied by decreased Ang II levels in lungs. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS AVE treatment prevented pulmonary remodelling, inflammation and right ventricular hypertrophy in OVA mice, suggesting that Ang-(1-7) receptor agonists are a new possibility for the treatment of pulmonary remodelling induced by chronic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Rodrigues-Machado
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-NANOBIOFAR), Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Effects of exercise training on airway hyperreactivity in asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med 2014; 43:1157-70. [PMID: 23846823 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-013-0077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although physical exercise is recommended for asthmatics, evidence on the effects of exercise on clinical key factors is still missing. OBJECTIVES We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of exercise training (EXT) on quality of life (QoL), bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), lung function and exercise capacity, plus the factors affecting changes in QoL and exercise capacity in asthmatics after a period of EXT. DATA SOURCES A computerized search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL (last search on 15 November 2012), without language restriction, and references of original studies and reviews were searched for further relevant studies. STUDY SELECTION Two independent investigators screened full-text studies with asthmatic subjects undertaking EXT (defined as training for ≥7 days, ≥2 times per week, ≥5 training sessions in total) that assessed at least one of the following outcomes: QoL, airway hyperreactivity, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁), peak expiratory flow (PEF), inflammatory parameters, exercise capacity, or exercise endurance. Potentially relevant studies were excluded if only respiratory muscle training, breathing exercises or yoga was performed, if asthmatic subjects with co-morbidities were investigated, if only data of mixed patient groups without separate results for asthmatics were presented, if training regimens were not sufficiently specified, if no numerical outcome data were presented, and if new long-term medication was introduced in addition to physical training. Of 500 potentially relevant articles, 13.4 % (67 studies including 2,059 subjects) met the eligibility criteria and were included for further analyses. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS Data extraction and risk of bias assessment was performed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. A meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to determine the effect of EXT on asthma symptoms, BHR, EIB, FEV₁, exercise capacity and exercise endurance compared with control training. In addition, relative pre/post changes were analysed in all RCTs and controlled trials. Finally, multiple linear regression models were used to identify effects of relative changes in airway hyperreactivity (BHR or EIB), lung function (FEV₁ or PEF) and training hours on QoL and exercise performance. RESULTS In a total of 17 studies including 599 subjects, meta-analyses showed a significant improvement in days without asthma symptoms, FEV1 and exercise capacity while BHR only tended to improve. The analysis of relative within-group changes after EXT showed, however, significant improvements in QoL (17 %), BHR (53 %), EIB (9 %), and FEV1 (3 %) compared with control conditions. Multiple linear regression models revealed that changes in airway hyperreactivity and lung function significantly contributed to the change in QoL, while mainly the changes in airway hyperreactivity contributed to the change in exercise capacity. CONCLUSION EXT was shown to improve asthma symptoms, QoL, exercise capacity, BHR, EIB, and FEV1 in asthmatics and improvements in BHR explained part of the improvement in QoL and exercise capacity. Thus, physical activity should be recommended as a supplementary therapy to medication. However, more well controlled studies should be performed assessing the relationship of physical activity, QoL, airway hyperreactivity, lung function and especially airway inflammation as well as medication intake.
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da Cunha MJ, da Cunha AA, Scherer EBS, Machado FR, Loureiro SO, Jaenisch RB, Guma F, Lago PD, Wyse ATS. Experimental lung injury promotes alterations in energy metabolism and respiratory mechanics in the lungs of rats: prevention by exercise. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 389:229-38. [PMID: 24378995 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we investigated the effects of lung injury on energy metabolism (succinate dehydrogenase, complex II, cytochrome c oxidase, and ATP levels), respiratory mechanics (dynamic and static compliance, elastance and respiratory system resistance) in the lungs of rats, as well as on phospholipids in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The protective effect of physical exercise on the alterations caused by lung injury, including lung edema was also evaluated. Wistar rats were submitted to 2 months of physical exercise. After this period the lung injury was induced by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide. Adult Wistar rats were submitted to 2 months of physical exercise and after this period the lung injury was induced by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide in dose 100 μg/100 g body weight. The sham group received isotonic saline instillation. Twelve hours after the injury was performed the respiratory mechanical and after the rats were decapitated and samples were collected. The rats subjected to lung injury presented a decrease in activities of the enzymes of the electron transport chain and ATP levels in lung, as well as the formation of pulmonary edema. A decreased lung dynamic and static compliance, as well as an increase in respiratory system resistance, and a decrease in phospholipids content were observed. Physical exercise was able to totally prevent the decrease in succinate dehydrogenase and complex II activities and the formation of pulmonary edema. It also partially prevented the increase in respiratory system resistance, but did not prevent the decrease in dynamic and static compliance, as well as in phospholipids content. These findings suggest that the mitochondrial dysfunction may be one of the important contributors to lung damage and that physical exercise may be beneficial in this pathology, although it did not prevent all changes present in lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira J da Cunha
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
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Levofloxacin decreased chest wall mechanical inhomogeneities and airway and vascular remodeling in rats with induced hepatopulmonary syndrome. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2013; 189:565-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Craig TJ, Dispenza MC. Benefits of exercise in asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013; 110:133-140.e2. [PMID: 23548519 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2012.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Craig
- Section of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Penn State University, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Luks V, Burkett A, Turner L, Pakhale S. Effect of physical training on airway inflammation in animal models of asthma: a systematic review. BMC Pulm Med 2013; 13:24. [PMID: 23617952 PMCID: PMC3691924 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-13-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little data on the effect of exercise on markers of airway inflammation in human asthmatics. The main objective of this review is to determine the effects of physical training on markers of airway inflammation in animal models of asthma. METHODS A peer reviewed search was applied to Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, and DARE databases. Data extraction was performed in a blinded fashion. RESULTS From the initial 2336 studies, a total of 10 studies were selected for the final analysis. All were randomized controlled trials with low to moderate intensity training on ovalbumin-sensitized mice. In the exercised group of mice, there was a reduction in BAL eosinophils and Th-2 cytokines, no change in Th-1 cytokines, an increase in IL-10, and a reversal of airway remodeling. The data was not pooled owing to significant heterogeneity between studies, and a funnel plot test for publication bias was not performed because there were few studies reporting on any one outcome measure. The asthma models differed between studies in age and gender of mice, as well as in timing of physical training after sensitization. The risk of bias was unclear for some studies though this may not influence outcome measures. The accuracy of data extracted from graphics is unknown. CONCLUSIONS Physical training improves airway inflammation in animal asthma models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Luks
- Division of Respirology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Andrew Burkett
- Division of Respirology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lucy Turner
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Smita Pakhale
- Divison of Respirology, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
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Toledo AC, Sakoda CPP, Perini A, Pinheiro NM, Magalhães RM, Grecco S, Tibério IFLC, Câmara NO, Martins MA, Lago JHG, Prado CM. Flavonone treatment reverses airway inflammation and remodelling in an asthma murine model. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 168:1736-49. [PMID: 23170811 PMCID: PMC3605879 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Asthma is an inflammatory disease that involves airway hyperresponsiveness and remodelling. Flavonoids have been associated to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and may represent a potential therapeutic treatment of asthma. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the sakuranetin treatment in several aspects of experimental asthma model in mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male BALB/c mice received ovalbumin (i.p.) on days 0 and 14, and were challenged with aerolized ovalbumin 1% on days 24, 26 and 28. Ovalbumin-sensitized animals received vehicle (saline and dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO), sakuranetin (20 mg kg(-1) per mice) or dexamethasone (5 mg kg(-1) per mice) daily beginning from 24th to 29th day. Control group received saline inhalation and nasal drop vehicle. On day 29, we determined the airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and remodelling as well as specific IgE antibody. RANTES, IL-5, IL-4, Eotaxin, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ and GMC-SF content in lung homogenate was performed by Bioplex assay, and 8-isoprostane and NF-kB activations were visualized in inflammatory cells by immunohistochemistry. KEY RESULTS We have demonstrated that sakuranetin treatment attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and remodelling; and these effects could be attributed to Th2 pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress reduction as well as control of NF-kB activation. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results highlighted the importance of counteracting oxidative stress by flavonoids in this asthma model and suggest sakuranetin as a potential candidate for studies of treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Toledo
- Departments of Medicine, School of Medicine, University de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Normando VMF, Mazzoli-Rocha F, Moreira DKM, Barcellos BC, Picanço-Diniz DW, Zin WA. Regular exercise training attenuates pulmonary inflammatory responses to inhaled alumina refinery dust in mice. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2013; 186:53-60. [PMID: 23313853 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to alumina dust has been recently associated with impaired lung mechanics and inflammation. We aimed at evaluating if moderate exercise training prevents these outcomes. Twenty-three female BALB/c mice (25-30g) were randomly divided in two main groups: control (C) and exercise (E), which were submitted, or not, to 15min of swimming, 5 days/week during 4 weeks. Then, the animals were exposed for 1h to either saline solution (CS or ES) or to a suspension of 8mg/m(3) of alumina dust (CA or EA). Twenty-four hours later pulmonary mechanics was determined by the end-inflation occlusion method. Left lungs were prepared for histology and right lungs for TGF-β determination. Static elastance increased after alumina dust exposure independently of swimming. In CA group the viscoelastic component of elastance, the viscoelastic/inhomogeneous pressure, the polymorphonuclear amount, the fraction area of alveolar collapse and TGF-β increased. Thus, exercise training may mitigate the pro-inflammatory response to inhaled aluminum refinery dust.
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The effect of exercise on the oxidative stress induced by experimental lung injury. Life Sci 2013; 92:218-27. [PMID: 23295959 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM The effects of physical exercise on oxidative stress parameters and immunocontent of NF-кβ/p65 in lung of rats submitted to lung injury, as well as its possible protective effect on the changes in the alveolar-capillary barrier (total cell count, lactate dehydrogenase and total protein) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the inflammatory infiltration in the pulmonary parenchyma were evaluated. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were submitted to two months of physical exercise and after this period, lung injury was induced by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (dose of 100 μg/100 g body weight). Twelve hours after injury, the animals were sacrificed and lung and BALF were collected. KEY FINDINGS Results showed an increase in reactive species production, lipid peroxidation, oxidative damage to protein, as well as in nitrite levels and NF-кβ/p65 immunocontent in lung of rats submitted to lung injury. Physical exercise was able to totally prevent the increase in reactive species, nitrite levels and NF-кβ/p65 immunocontent, but partially prevented the damage to protein. Superoxide dismutase and catalase were not changed in lung injury group, but the activities of these enzymes were increased in lung injury plus exercise group. Non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity, glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase were decreased and exercise totally prevented such effects. Rats subjected to lung injury presented an increase in total cell, lactate dehydrogenase and total protein; exercise partially prevented the increase in lactate dehydrogenase. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that physical exercise may prevent, at least partially, the oxidative damage caused by experimental lung injury, suggesting that exercise may have an important role as protector in this condition.
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Scichilone N, Morici G, Zangla D, Arrigo R, Cardillo I, Bellia V, Bonsignore MR. Effects of exercise training on airway closure in asthmatics. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2012; 113:714-8. [PMID: 22744971 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00529.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that responsiveness to methacholine (Mch) in the absence of deep inspiration (DI) decreased in healthy subjects after a short course of exercise training. We assessed whether a similar beneficial effect of exercise on airway responsiveness could occur in asthmatics. Nine patients (male/female: 3/6; mean age ± SD: 24 ± 2 yr) with mild untreated asthma [forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)): 100 ± 7.4% pred; FEV(1)/vital capacity (VC): 90 ± 6.5%] underwent a series of single-dose Mch bronchoprovocations in the absence of DI in the course of a 10-wk training rowing program (6 h/wk of submaximal and maximal exercise), at baseline (week 0), and at week 5 and 10. The single-dose Mch was established as the dose able to induce ≥ 15% reduction in inspiratory vital capacity (IVC) and was administered to each subject at every challenge occasion. Five asthmatics (male/female: 1/4; mean age ± SD: 26 ± 3 yr) with similar baseline lung function (FEV(1): 102 ± 7.0% predicted; FEV(1)/VC: 83 ± 6.0%; P = 0.57 and P = 0.06, respectively) not participating in the exercise training program served as controls. In the trained group, the Mch-induced reduction in IVC from baseline was 22 ± 10% at week 0, 13 ± 11% at week 5 (P = 0.03), and 11 ± 8% at week 10 (P = 0.028). The Mch-induced reduction in FEV(1) did not change with exercise (P = 0.69). The reduction in responsiveness induced by exercise was of the same magnitude of that previously obtained in healthy subjects (50% with respect to pretraining). Conversely, Mch-induced reduction in IVC in controls remained unchanged after 10 wk (%reduction IVC at baseline: 21 ± 20%; after 10 wk: 29 ± 14%; P = 0.28). This study indicates that a short course of physical training is capable of reducing airway responsiveness in mild asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Scichilone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonology, DIBIMIS University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Reddel CJ, Weiss AS, Burgess JK. Elastin in asthma. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2012; 25:144-53. [PMID: 22366197 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix is generally increased in asthma, causing thickening of the airways which may either increase or decrease airway responsiveness, depending on the mechanical requirements of the deposited matrix. However, in vitro studies have shown that the altered extracellular matrix produced by asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells is able to induce increased proliferation of non-asthmatic smooth muscle cells, which is a process believed to contribute to airway hyper-responsiveness in asthma. Elastin is an extracellular matrix protein that is altered in asthmatic airways, but there has been no systematic investigation of the functional effect of these changes. This review reveals divergent reports of the state of elastin in the airway wall in asthma. In some layers of the airway it has been described as increased, decreased and/or fragmented, or unchanged. There is also considerable evidence for an imbalance of matrix metalloproteinases, which degrade elastin, and their respective inhibitors the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, which collectively help to explain observations of both increased elastin and elastin fragments. A loss of lung elastic recoil in asthma suggests a mechanical role for disordered elastin in the aetiology of the disease, but extensive studies of elastin in other tissues show that elastin fragments elicit cellular effects such as increased proliferation and inflammation. This review summarises the current understanding of the role of elastin in the asthmatic airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J Reddel
- School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Melo-Silva CA, Gaio E, Trevizoli JE, Souza CS, Gonçalves AS, Sousa GCC, Takano G, Tavares P, Amado VM. Respiratory mechanics and lung tissue remodeling in a hepatopulmonary syndrome rat model. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2011; 179:326-33. [PMID: 22005255 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Intrapulmonary vasodilation is a hallmark of the hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). However, its effects on respiratory mechanical properties and lung morphology are unknown. To determine these effects, 28 rats were randomly divided to control and experimental HPS groups (eHPS). The spontaneous breathing pattern, gas exchange, respiratory system mechanical properties, and lung and liver morphology of the rats were evaluated. Tidal volume, minute ventilation and mean inspiratory flow were significantly reduced in the eHPS group. Chest wall pressure dissipation against the resistive and viscoelastic components and elastic elastance were increased in the eHPS group. The lung resistive pressure dissipation was lower but the viscoelastic pressure was higher in the eHPS group. The airway volume proportion of collagen and elastic fibers was increased in the eHPS animals (16% and 51.7%; P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). The proportion of collagen volume in the vasculature increased 29% in the eHPS animals (P<0.01). HPS presents with respiratory system mechanical disarray as well as airway and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Augusto Melo-Silva
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Faculdade deMedicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil.
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