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Tian J, Zhang R, Zhu N, Gu L, Guo Y, Yuan W. Association of serum thymosin β4 with malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis syndrome in peritoneal dialysis patients: a cross-sectional study. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2202761. [PMID: 37133832 PMCID: PMC10158543 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2202761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome may worsen the prognosis of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Serum thymosin β4 (sTβ4) protects against inflammation, fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to characterize the association between sTβ4 and MIA syndrome as well as to investigate the potential of regulating sTβ4 to improve the prognosis of PD patients. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional, single-center pilot study involving 76 PD patients. Demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, nutritional profiles, inflammatory mediators, atherosclerosis-related factors and sTβ4 levels were collected and subjected to association analysis for sTβ4 and MIA syndrome. RESULTS sTβ4 levels did not significantly vary with sex or primary disease in PD patients. Ages and PD features did not vary between patients with different levels of sTβ4. PD patients with higher levels of sTβ4 had significantly higher levels of nutritional indicators, including subjective global nutritional assessment (SGA) (p < 0.001) and serum albumin (ALB) (p < 0.001) but lower levels of inflammatory and atherosclerotic indicators, including serum C reaction protein (CRP) (p = 0.009), the right common carotid artery (RCCA) intimal thickness (p < 0.001) and the left common carotid artery (LCCA) intimal thickness (p = 0.02). Correlation analysis showed that sTβ4 was positively associated with SGA (p < 0.001) and serum ALB (p < 0.001) but negatively associated with CRP (p = 0.020), RCCA intimal thickness (p < 0.001) and LCCA intimal thickness (p = 0.033). In multiple adjusted models, the prevalence of MIA syndrome was significantly decreased in PD patients with increased levels of sTβ4 when patients without MIA syndrome were compared to those with all indicators of MIA syndrome (OR = 0.996, 95% CI 0.993-0.999, p = 0.003) or those with at least one indicator of MIA syndrome (OR = 0.997, 95% CI 0.995-0.998, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The sTβ4 level decreases in PD patients with MIA syndrome. The prevalence of MIA syndrome decreases significantly as the level of sTβ4 increases in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakun Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunshan Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijie Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Han S, Wang S, Fan X, Chen M, Wang X, Huang Y, Zhang H, Ma Y, Wang J, Zhang C. Abnormal Expression of Prolyl Oligopeptidase (POP) and Its Catalytic Products Ac-SDKP Contributes to the Ovarian Fibrosis Change in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1927. [PMID: 37509566 PMCID: PMC10377061 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder and metabolic syndrome. Ovarian fibrosis pathological change in PCOS has gradually attracted people's attention. In this study, we constructed a PCOS mouse model through the use of dehydroepiandrosterone. Sirius red staining showed that the ovarian tissues in PCOS mice had obvious fibrosis. Prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) is a serine protease and N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) is its catalytic product. Studies show that abnormal expression and activity of POP and Ac-SDKP are closely related to tissue fibrosis. It was found that the expression of POP and Ac-SDKP was decreased in the ovaries of PCOS mice. Further studies showed that POP and Ac-SDKP promoted the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) expression and decreased the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in granulosa cells. Hyperandrogenemia is a typical symptom of PCOS. We found that testosterone induced the low expression of POP and MMP2 and high expression of TGF-β1 in granulosa cells. POP overexpression and Ac-SDKP treatment inhibited the effect of testosterone on TGF-β1 and MMP2 in vitro and inhibited ovarian fibrosis in the PCOS mouse model. In conclusion, PCOS ovarian tissue showed obvious fibrosis. Low expression of POP and Ac-SDKP and changes in fibrotic factors contribute to the ovarian pathological fibrosis induced by androgen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suo Han
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Center for Drug Inspection of Guizhou Medical Products Administration, Guizhou Medical Products Administration, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Shimeng Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Mengchi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yingtong Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hongdan Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yinyin Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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Suhail H, Peng H, Xu J, Sabbah HN, Matrougui K, Liao TD, Ortiz PA, Bernstein KE, Rhaleb NE. Knockout of ACE-N facilitates improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY PLUS 2023; 3:100024. [PMID: 36778784 PMCID: PMC9910327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmccpl.2022.100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) hydrolyzes N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) into inactive fragments through its N-terminal site (ACE-N). We previously showed that Ac-SDKP mediates ACE inhibitors' cardiac effects. Whether increased bioavailability of endogenous Ac-SDKP caused by knocking out ACE-N also improves cardiac function in myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure (HF) is unknown. Wild-type (WT) and ACE-N knockout (ACE-NKO) mice were subjected to MI by ligating the left anterior descending artery and treated with vehicle or Ac-SDKP (1.6 mg/kg/day, s.c.) for 5 weeks, after which echocardiography was performed and left ventricles (LV) were harvested for histology and molecular biology studies. ACE-NKO mice showed increased plasma Ac-SDKP concentrations in both sham and MI group compared to WT. Exogenous Ac-SDKP further increased its circulating concentrations in WT and ACE-NKO. Shortening (SF) and ejection (EF) fractions were significantly decreased in both WT and ACE-NKO mice post-MI, but ACE-NKO mice exhibited significantly lesser decrease. Exogenous Ac-SDKP ameliorated cardiac function post-MI only in WT but failed to show any additive improvement in ACE-NKO mice. Sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium transport ATPase (SERCA2), a marker of cardiac function and calcium homeostasis, was significantly decreased in WT post-MI but rescued with Ac-SDKP, whereas ACE-NKO mice displayed less loss of SERCA2 expression. Our study demonstrates that gene deletion of ACE-N resulted in improved LV cardiac function in mice post-MI, which is likely mediated by increased circulating Ac-SDKP and minimally reduced expression of SERCA2. Thus, future development of specific and selective inhibitors for ACE-N could represent a novel approach to increase endogenous Ac-SDKP toward protecting the heart from post-MI remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Suhail
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Hongmei Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Jiang Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of
Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Hani N. Sabbah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of
Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Khalid Matrougui
- Department of Physiology Sciences, Eastern Virginia
Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23501, USA
| | - Tang-Dong Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Pablo A. Ortiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit,
MI 48201, USA
| | - Kenneth E. Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nour-Eddine Rhaleb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit,
MI 48201, USA
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4
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Diabetes Mellitus and the Kidneys. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2023; 53:565-580. [PMID: 36854633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The pathomechanisms implicated in diabetic kidney disease in people are present in dogs and cats and, in theory, could lead to renal complications in companion animals with long-standing diabetes mellitus. However, these renal complications develop during a long period, and there is little to no clinical evidence that they could lead to chronic kidney disease in companion animals.
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5
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Kleinman HK, Kulik V, Goldstein AL. Thymosin β4 and the anti-fibrotic switch. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109628. [PMID: 36580759 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing involves a rapid response to the injury by circulating cells, followed by inflammation with an influx of inflammatory cells that release various factors. Soon after, cellular proliferation begins to replace the damaged cells and extracellular matrix, and then tissue remodeling restores normal tissue function. Various factors can lead to pathological wound healing when excessive and irreversible connective tissue/extracellular matrix deposition occurs, resulting in fibrosis. The process is initiated when immune cells, such as macrophages, release soluble factors that stimulate fibroblasts. TGFβ is the most well-characterized macrophage derived pro-fibrotic mediator. Other soluble mediators of fibrosis include connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and interleukin 10 (IL-10). Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) has shown therapeutic benefit in preventing fibrosis/scarring in various animal models of fibrosis/scarring. The mechanism of action of Tβ4 appears related, in part, to a reduction in the inflammatory response, including a reduction in macrophage infiltration, decreased levels of TGFβ and IL-10, and reduced CTGF activation, resulting in both prevention of fibroblast conversion to myofibroblasts and production of normally aligned collagen fibers. The amino N-terminal end of Tβ4, SDKP (serine-aspartate-lysine-proline), appears to contain the majority of anti-fibrotic activity and has shown excellent efficacy in many animal models of fibrosis, including liver, lung, heart, and kidney fibrosis. Ac-SDKP not only prevents fibrosis but can reverse fibrosis. Unanswered questions and future directions will be presented with regard to therapeutic uses alone and in combination with already approved drugs for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hynda K Kleinman
- NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.
| | - Veronika Kulik
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Allan L Goldstein
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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6
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Wang W, Jia W, Zhang C. The Role of Tβ4-POP-Ac-SDKP Axis in Organ Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13282. [PMID: 36362069 PMCID: PMC9655242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological process in which parenchymal cells are necrotic and excess extracellular matrix (ECM) is accumulated due to dysregulation of tissue injury repair. Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) is a 43 amino acid multifunctional polypeptide that is involved in wound healing. Prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) is the main enzyme that hydrolyzes Tβ4 to produce its derivative N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) which is found to play a role in the regulation of fibrosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that the Tβ4-POP-Ac-SDKP axis widely exists in various tissues and organs including the liver, kidney, heart, and lung, and participates in the process of fibrogenesis. Herein, we aim to elucidate the role of Tβ4-POP-Ac-SDKP axis in hepatic fibrosis, renal fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, and pulmonary fibrosis, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Based on this, we attempted to provide novel therapeutic strategies for the regulation of tissue damage repair and anti-fibrosis therapy. The Tβ4-POP-Ac-SDKP axis exerts protective effects against organ fibrosis. It is promising that appropriate dosing regimens that rely on this axis could serve as a new therapeutic strategy for alleviating organ fibrosis in the early and late stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wenning Jia
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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7
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El-Kady MM, Naggar RA, Guimei M, Talaat IM, Shaker OG, Saber-Ayad M. Early Renoprotective Effect of Ruxolitinib in a Rat Model of Diabetic Nephropathy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070608. [PMID: 34202668 PMCID: PMC8308627 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is still one of the unresolved major complications of diabetes mellitus, which leads ultimately to end-stage renal disease in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients. Available drugs that suppress the renin-angiotensin system have partially minimized the disease impact. Yet, there is an unmet need for new therapeutic interventions to protect the kidneys of diabetic patients. In DN, glomerular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis are mediated through several pathways, of which JAK/STAT is a key one. The current study explored the potential renoprotective effect of the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (at doses of 0.44, 2.2, and 4.4 mg·kg-1) compared to that of enalapril at a dose of 10 mg·kg-1, in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus over 8 weeks. The effect of ruxolitinib was assessed by determining urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, serum level of cystatin, and levels of TGF-β1, NF-κB, and TNF-α in renal tissue homogenates by biochemical assays, the glomerular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis scores by histological analysis, and fibronectin, TGF-β1, and Vimentin levels by immunohistochemical staining with the respective antibodies. Our results revealed a significant early favorable effect of a two-week ruxolitinib treatment on the renal function, supported by a decline in the proinflammatory biomarkers of DKD. This pre-clinical study suggests that the renoprotective effect of ruxolitinib in the long term should be investigated in animals, as this drug may prove to be a potential option for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. El-Kady
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11559, Egypt;
| | - Reham A. Naggar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12411, Egypt;
| | - Maha Guimei
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt; (M.G.); (I.M.T.)
| | - Iman M. Talaat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt; (M.G.); (I.M.T.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Olfat G. Shaker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, Cairo 11559, Egypt
- Correspondence: (O.G.S.); (M.S.-A.)
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (O.G.S.); (M.S.-A.)
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8
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Cantero-Navarro E, Fernández-Fernández B, Ramos AM, Rayego-Mateos S, Rodrigues-Diez RR, Sánchez-Niño MD, Sanz AB, Ruiz-Ortega M, Ortiz A. Renin-angiotensin system and inflammation update. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 529:111254. [PMID: 33798633 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The most classical view of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) emphasizes its role as an endocrine regulator of sodium balance and blood pressure. However, it has long become clear that the RAS has pleiotropic actions that contribute to organ damage, including modulation of inflammation. Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates angiotensin type 1 receptors (AT1R) to promote an inflammatory response and organ damage. This represents the pathophysiological basis for the successful use of RAS blockers to prevent and treat kidney and heart disease. However, other RAS components could have a built-in capacity to brake proinflammatory responses. Angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) activation can oppose AT1R actions, such as vasodilatation, but its involvement in modulation of inflammation has not been conclusively proven. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) can process Ang II to generate angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)), that activates the Mas receptor to exert predominantly anti-inflammatory responses depending on the context. We now review recent advances in the understanding of the interaction of the RAS with inflammation. Specific topics in which novel information became available recently include intracellular angiotensin receptors; AT1R posttranslational modifications by tissue transglutaminase (TG2) and anti-AT1R autoimmunity; RAS modulation of lymphoid vessels and T lymphocyte responses, especially of Th17 and Treg responses; interactions with toll-like receptors (TLRs), programmed necrosis, and regulation of epigenetic modulators (e.g. microRNAs and bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins). We additionally discuss an often overlooked effect of the RAS on inflammation which is the downregulation of anti-inflammatory factors such as klotho, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase (SNRK), serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 catalytic subunit (Ppp6C) and n-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP). Both transcription factors, such as nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and epigenetic regulators, such as miRNAs are involved in downmodulation of anti-inflammatory responses. A detailed analysis of pathways and targets for downmodulation of anti-inflammatory responses constitutes a novel frontier in RAS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cantero-Navarro
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology. IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Spain
| | - Beatriz Fernández-Fernández
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Spain; Unidad de Diálisis. IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian M Ramos
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Spain; Unidad de Diálisis. IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology. IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Spain
| | - Raúl R Rodrigues-Diez
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology. IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Spain
| | - María Dolores Sánchez-Niño
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Spain; Unidad de Diálisis. IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Spain; Unidad de Diálisis. IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology. IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Spain.
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Spain; Unidad de Diálisis. IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.
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Zoja C, Xinaris C, Macconi D. Diabetic Nephropathy: Novel Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:586892. [PMID: 33519447 PMCID: PMC7845653 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.586892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. The standard treatments for diabetic patients are glucose and blood pressure control, lipid lowering, and renin-angiotensin system blockade; however, these therapeutic approaches can provide only partial renoprotection if started late in the course of the disease. One major limitation in developing efficient therapies for DN is the complex pathobiology of the diabetic kidney, which undergoes a set of profound structural, metabolic and functional changes. Despite these difficulties, experimental models of diabetes have revealed promising therapeutic targets by identifying pathways that modulate key functions of podocytes and glomerular endothelial cells. In this review we will describe recent advances in the field, analyze key molecular pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease, and discuss how they could be modulated to prevent or reverse DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlamaria Zoja
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Christodoulos Xinaris
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy.,University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Daniela Macconi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
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10
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Hrenak J, Simko F. Renin-Angiotensin System: An Important Player in the Pathogenesis of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218038. [PMID: 33126657 PMCID: PMC7663767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by massive inflammation, increased vascular permeability and pulmonary edema. Mortality due to ARDS remains very high and even in the case of survival, acute lung injury can lead to pulmonary fibrosis. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a significant role in these processes. The activities of RAS molecules are subject to dynamic changes in response to an injury. Initially, increased levels of angiotensin (Ang) II and des-Arg9-bradykinin (DABK), are necessary for an effective defense. Later, augmented angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2 activity supposedly helps to attenuate inflammation. Appropriate ACE2 activity might be decisive in preventing immune-induced damage and ensuring tissue repair. ACE2 has been identified as a common target for different pathogens. Some Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, also use ACE2 to infiltrate the cells. A number of questions remain unresolved. The importance of ACE2 shedding, associated with the release of soluble ACE2 and ADAM17-mediated activation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-signaling is unclear. The roles of other non-classical RAS-associated molecules, e.g., alamandine, Ang A or Ang 1-9, also deserve attention. In addition, the impact of established RAS-inhibiting drugs on the pulmonary RAS is to be elucidated. The unfavorable prognosis of ARDS and the lack of effective treatment urge the search for novel therapeutic strategies. In the context of the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and considering the involvement of humoral disbalance in the pathogenesis of ARDS, targeting the renin-angiotensin system and reducing the pathogen's cell entry could be a promising therapeutic strategy in the struggle against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Hrenak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital – University Hospital of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak
| | - Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Limbova 5, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovak
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak
- Correspondence:
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Wang J, Qian Y, Gao X, Mao N, Geng Y, Lin G, Zhang G, Li H, Yang F, Xu H. Synthesis and Identification of a Novel Peptide, Ac-SDK (Biotin) Proline, That Can Elicit Anti-Fibrosis Effects in Rats Suffering from Silicosis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4315-4326. [PMID: 33116418 PMCID: PMC7585281 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s262716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background N-Acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) is a short peptide with an anti-silicosis effect. However, the short biological half-life and low plasma concentration of Ac-SDKP hamper discovery of specific targets in organisms and reduce the anti-silicosis effect. A novel peptide, Ac-SDK (biotin) proline, termed “Ac-B”, with anti-fibrotic properties was synthesized. Methods Ac-B was detected quantitatively by high-performance liquid chromatography. Phagocytosis of Ac-B by the alveolar epithelial cell line A549 was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. To further elucidate the cellular-uptake mechanism of Ac-B, chemical inhibitors of specific uptake pathways were used. After stimulation with transforming growth factor-β1, the effects of Ac-B on expression of the myofibroblast marker vimentin and accumulation of collagen type I in A549 cells were analyzed by Western blotting. Sirius Red staining and immunohistochemical analyses of the effect of Ac-B on expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in a rat model of silicosis were undertaken. Results Ac-B had good traceability during the uptake, entry, and distribution in cells. Ac-B treatment prevented an increase in α-SMA expression in vivo and in vitro and was superior to that of Ac-SDKP. Caveolae-mediated uptake of Ac-B by A549 cells led to achieving anti-epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT) effects. Conclusion Ac-B had an anti-fibrotic effect and could be a promising agent for the fibrosis observed in silicosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Qian
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Gao
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Mao
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucong Geng
- Department of Pathology, Haigang Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaojie Lin
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Guibin Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Li
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yang
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xu
- Medical Research Center, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, People's Republic of China
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12
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Li S, Li Y, Zhang Y, Li S, Zhang M, Jin F, Wei Z, Yang Y, Gao X, Mao N, Ge X, Xu H, Yang F. N-Acetyl-Seryl-Asparyl-Lysyl-Proline regulates lung renin angiotensin system to inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition in silicotic mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 408:115255. [PMID: 33007385 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Silicosis is a major public health concern with various contributing factors. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS)is a critical regulator in the pathogenesis of this disease. We focused on two key RAS enzymes, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), to elucidate the activation of the ACE-angiotensin II (Ang II)-angiotensin II receptor 1 (AT1) axis and the inhibition of the ACE2-angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)]-Mas receptor axis in C57BL/6mice following SiO2 treatment. Silica exposure caused nodule formation, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix, and impaired lung function in mice. These effects were attenuated by the inhibition of ACE (captopril), blockade of the AT1(losartan), or systemic knockdown of the Ace gene. These effects were exacerbated by the inhibition of ACE2 (MLN-4760), blockade of the Mas (A779), or knockdown of the Ace2 gene. N-Acetyl-Seryl-Asparyl-Lysyl-Proline (Ac-SDKP), an anti-fibrotic peptide, ameliorated the silica-exposure-induced pathological changes by targeting the RAS system by activating the protective ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis and inhibiting the deleterious ACE-Ang II-AT1 axis, thereby exerting a protective effect. This was confirmed in mouse lung type II epithelial cells (MLE-12) pretreated with Ang II and/or gene silencing separately targeting Ace and Ace2.The effects of Ac-SDKP were similar to those produced by Ace gene silencing and were partly attenuated by Ace2 deficiency. These findings suggested that RAS plays critical roles in the pathomechanism of silicosis fibrosis and that Ac-SDKP regulates lung RAS to inhibit EMT in silicotic mice and MLE-12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Shifeng Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Fuyu Jin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Xuemin Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Na Mao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Xingchen Ge
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Hong Xu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Fang Yang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China.
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13
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Klein J, Buffin-Meyer B, Boizard F, Moussaoui N, Lescat O, Breuil B, Fedou C, Feuillet G, Casemayou A, Neau E, Hindryckx A, Decatte L, Levtchenko E, Raaijmakers A, Vayssière C, Goua V, Lucas C, Perrotin F, Cloarec S, Benachi A, Manca-Pellissier MC, Delmas HL, Bessenay L, Le Vaillant C, Allain-Launay E, Gondry J, Boudailliez B, Simon E, Prieur F, Lavocat MP, Saliou AH, De Parscau L, Bidat L, Noel C, Floch C, Bourdat-Michel G, Favre R, Weingertner AS, Oury JF, Baudouin V, Bory JP, Pietrement C, Fiorenza M, Massardier J, Kessler S, Lounis N, Auriol FC, Marcorelles P, Collardeau-Frachon S, Zürbig P, Mischak H, Magalhães P, Batut J, Blader P, Saulnier Blache JS, Bascands JL, Schaefer F, Decramer S, Schanstra JP. Amniotic fluid peptides predict postnatal kidney survival in developmental kidney disease. Kidney Int 2020; 99:737-749. [PMID: 32750455 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although a rare disease, bilateral congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the leading cause of end stage kidney disease in children. Ultrasound-based prenatal prediction of postnatal kidney survival in CAKUT pregnancies is far from accurate. To improve prediction, we conducted a prospective multicenter peptidome analysis of amniotic fluid spanning 140 evaluable fetuses with CAKUT. We identified a signature of 98 endogenous amniotic fluid peptides, mainly composed of fragments from extracellular matrix proteins and from the actin binding protein thymosin-β4. The peptide signature predicted postnatal kidney outcome with an area under the curve of 0.96 in the holdout validation set of patients with CAKUT with definite endpoint data. Additionally, this peptide signature was validated in a geographically independent sub-cohort of 12 patients (area under the curve 1.00) and displayed high specificity in non-CAKUT pregnancies (82 and 94% in 22 healthy fetuses and in 47 fetuses with congenital cytomegalovirus infection respectively). Change in amniotic fluid thymosin-β4 abundance was confirmed with ELISA. Knockout of thymosin-β4 in zebrafish altered proximal and distal tubule pronephros growth suggesting a possible role of thymosin β4 in fetal kidney development. Thus, recognition of the 98-peptide signature in amniotic fluid during diagnostic workup of prenatally detected fetuses with CAKUT can provide a long-sought evidence base for accurate management of the CAKUT disorder that is currently unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Klein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Bénédicte Buffin-Meyer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Franck Boizard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Nabila Moussaoui
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Ophélie Lescat
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Benjamin Breuil
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Fedou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Guylène Feuillet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Casemayou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Neau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - An Hindryckx
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Decatte
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elena Levtchenko
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anke Raaijmakers
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Vayssière
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Paule de Viguier Hospital, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France; INSERM, UMR1027, Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Goua
- Prenatal Diagnosis Unit, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Franck Perrotin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Fetal Medicine, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France; INSERM, U1253, "Imaging and Brain," François-Rabelais University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Sylvie Cloarec
- Reference Center for Rare Kidney Diseases, Pediatric Nephrology Service, CHRU Clocheville, Tours, France
| | - Alexandra Benachi
- Gynecology-Obstetric Service, AP-HP, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France
| | - Marie-Christine Manca-Pellissier
- Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, Timone Children's Hospital, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | - Lucie Bessenay
- Pediatric Service, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Emma Allain-Launay
- Pediatric Nephrology Service, Hôpital Mère-Enfants, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean Gondry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Amiens, Amiens, France; INSERM, U1105, Picardie Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, Amiens, France
| | | | - Elisabeth Simon
- Prenatal Diagnosis, Fondation Lenval, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Fabienne Prieur
- Clinical Genetics Service, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Lavocat
- Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Anne-Hélène Saliou
- Multidisciplinary Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, CHRU de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Loic De Parscau
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, CHRU Morvan, Brest, France
| | - Laurent Bidat
- Gynecology-Obstetrics Service, Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France
| | - Catherine Noel
- Gynecology-Obstetrics Service, Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France
| | - Corinne Floch
- Pediatric Service, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France
| | | | - Romain Favre
- Ultrasound and Foetal Medicine Service of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, CMCO, Schiltigheim, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Weingertner
- Ultrasound and Foetal Medicine Service of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, CMCO, Schiltigheim, France
| | - Jean-François Oury
- Gynecology-Obstetrics Service, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Baudouin
- Pediatric Nephrology Service, Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Bory
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Maternité Alix-de-Champagne, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | | | - Maryse Fiorenza
- Gynecology-Obstetrics Service, l'Hôpital Mère Enfant de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Jérôme Massardier
- Gynecology-Obstetrics Service, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Bron, France
| | | | - Nadia Lounis
- Pediatric Clinical Research Unit, Clinical Research Center Toulouse, Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Conte Auriol
- Pediatric Clinical Research Unit, Clinical Research Center Toulouse, Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Marcorelles
- Department of Pathology, EA 4685, Neuronal Epithelium Interaction Laboratory, Université de Bretagne Occidentale Brest, France
| | - Sophie Collardeau-Frachon
- Department of Pathology, Children and Mother's Hospital, Groupement Hospitalier Est, CHU de Lyon-Bron, France
| | - Petra Zürbig
- Mosaiques Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harald Mischak
- Mosaiques Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pedro Magalhães
- Mosaiques Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Hannover, Germany; Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julie Batut
- Center for Developmental Biology (UMR5547) and Center for Integrative Biology (FR 3743), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Patrick Blader
- Center for Developmental Biology (UMR5547) and Center for Integrative Biology (FR 3743), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Sebastien Saulnier Blache
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Franz Schaefer
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Heidelberg University Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stéphane Decramer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Pediatric Nephrology Service, Hôpital des Enfants, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Reference Center for Rare Renal Diseases of the Southwest (SORARE), Toulouse, France.
| | - Joost P Schanstra
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
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14
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Srivastava SP, Goodwin JE, Kanasaki K, Koya D. Metabolic reprogramming by N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline protects against diabetic kidney disease. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:3691-3711. [PMID: 32352559 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) and AT1 receptor antagonists (ARBs) are first-line drugs that are believed to reduce the progression of end-stage renal disease in diabetic patients. Differences in the effects of ACEIs and ARBs are not well studied and the mechanisms responsible are not well understood. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male diabetic CD-1 mice were treated with ACEI, ARB, N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP), ACEI + AcSDKP, ARB + AcSDKP, glycolysis inhibitors or non-treatment. Moreover, prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor (POPi)-injected male diabetic C57Bl6 mice were treated with ACEI, AcSDKP and ARB or non-treatment. Western blot and immunofluorescent staining were used to examine key enzymes and regulators of central metabolism. KEY RESULTS The antifibrotic action of ACEI imidapril is due to an AcSDKP-mediated antifibrotic mechanism, which reprograms the central metabolism including restoring SIRT3 protein and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and suppression of abnormal glucose metabolism in the diabetic kidney. Moreover, the POPi S17092 significantly blocked the AcSDKP synthesis, accelerated kidney fibrosis and disrupted the central metabolism. ACEI partly restored the kidney fibrosis and elevated the AcSDKP level, whereas the ARB (TA-606) did not show such effects in the POPi-injected mice. ACE inhibition and AcSDKP suppressed defective metabolism-linked mesenchymal transformations and reduced collagen-I and fibronectin accumulation in the diabetic kidneys. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The study envisages that AcSDKP is the endogenous antifibrotic mediator that controls the metabolic switch between glucose and fatty acid metabolism and that suppression of AcSDKP leads to disruption of kidney cell metabolism and activates mesenchymal transformations leading to severe fibrosis in the diabetic kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Division of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Julie E Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Division of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Division of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
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15
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Chen Y, Xu D, Yao J, Wei Z, Li S, Gao X, Cai W, Mao N, Jin F, Li Y, Zhu Y, Li S, Liu H, Yang F, Xu H. Inhibition of miR-155-5p Exerts Anti-Fibrotic Effects in Silicotic Mice by Regulating Meprin α. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 19:350-360. [PMID: 31877411 PMCID: PMC6939030 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Silicosis is a fatal profession-related disease linked to long-term inhalation of silica. The present study aimed to determine whether meprin α, a master regulator of anti-fibrotic peptide N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP), is diminished by miR-155-5p in silicotic and control lung macrophages and fibroblasts upon activation. NR8383 macrophages, primary lung fibroblasts, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts were used to evaluate the expression and function of meprin α and miR-155-5p. In vitro meprin α manipulation was performed by recombinant mouse meprin α protein, actinonin (its inhibitor), and small interfering RNA knockdown. Macrophage and fibroblast activation was assessed by western blotting, real-time PCR, matrix deposition, and immunohistochemical staining. The roles of meprin α and miR-155-5p were also investigated in mice exposed to silica. We found that the meprin α level was stably repressed in silicotic rats. In vitro, silica decreased meprin α, and exogenous meprin α reduced activation of macrophages and fibroblasts induced by profibrotic factors. miR-155-5p negatively regulated Mep1a by binding to the 3′ untranslated region. Treatment with anti-miR-155-5p elevated meprin α, ameliorated macrophage and fibroblast activation, and attenuated lung fibrosis in mice induced by silica. The sustained repression of meprin α and beneficial effects of its rescue by inhibition of miR-155-5p during silicosis indicate that miR-155-5p/meprin α are two of the major regulators of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chen
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Dingjie Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Jingxin Yao
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wei
- Basic Medical College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Shifeng Li
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Xuemin Gao
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Wenchen Cai
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Na Mao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Fuyu Jin
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Shumin Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Heliang Liu
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China.
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16
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Bubb KJ, Drummond GR, Figtree GA. New opportunities for targeting redox dysregulation in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 116:532-544. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Despite substantial promise, the use of antioxidant therapy to improve cardiovascular outcomes has been disappointing. Whilst the fundamental biology supporting their use continues to build, the challenge now is to differentially target dysregulated redox signalling domains and to identify new ways to deliver antioxidant substances. Looking further afield to other disciplines, there is an emerging ‘tool-kit’ containing sophisticated molecular and drug delivery applications. Applying these to the cardiovascular redox field could prove a successful strategy to combat the increasing disease burden. Excessive reactive oxygen species production and protein modifications in the mitochondria has been the target of successful drug development with several positive outcomes emerging in the cardiovascular space, harnessing both improved delivery mechanisms and enhanced understanding of the biological abnormalities. Using this as a blueprint, similar strategies could be applied and expanded upon in other redox-hot-spots, such as the caveolae sub-cellular region, which houses many of the key cardiovascular redox proteins such as NADPH oxidase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, angiotensin II receptors, and beta adrenoceptors. The expanded tool kit of drug development, including gene and miRNA therapies, nanoparticle technology and micropeptide targeting, can be applied to target dysregulated redox signalling in subcellular compartments of cardiovascular cells. In this review, we consider the opportunities for improving cardiovascular outcomes by utilizing new technology platforms to target subcellular ‘bonfires’ generated by dysregulated redox pathways, to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen J Bubb
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health, Kolling Institute and Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Grant R Drummond
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology and Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gemma A Figtree
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health, Kolling Institute and Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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