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LncRNA MEG3 inhibits renal fibrinoid necrosis of diabetic nephropathy via the MEG3/miR-21/ORAI1 axis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3283-3295. [PMID: 36715789 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and lethal diabetic complications worldwide and is associated with a high risk of mortality. However, the exact mechanism behind its development is unknown. The mesangial cells (MCs) and non-coding RNAs are critical for DN, but it is unknown whether a MEG3/miR-21/ORAI1 regulatory axis exists in MCs. Hence, in this study, we aimed to understand whether the MEG3/miR-21/ORAI1 regulatory axis has a role in the pathophysiology of DN. RESULTS We demonstrated that high-glucose stimuli downregulated MEG3 and ORAI1 expression while enhancing miR-21 expression. Exogenous miR-21 mimics inhibited ORAI1 expression, which was partially salvaged or reversed by MEG3 overexpression. Furthermore, RIP assay demonstrated that the beads labeled with AGO2 antibody could enrich more miR-21 and MEG3 than those labeled with control IgG antibody; both of them formed the RNA-induced silencing complex. Further, the biochemical indicators of db/db mice significantly improved, and renal fibrinoid necrosis was ameliorated using a miR-21 inhibitor. CONCLUSION The MEG3/miR-21/ORAI1 axis regulates the manifestation of DN in diabetic mice and MCs, and the miR-21 inhibitor can be a potential therapeutic strategy to alleviate DN, once the presence of such an axis is found in humans.
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Staruschenko A, Ma R, Palygin O, Dryer SE. Ion channels and channelopathies in glomeruli. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:787-854. [PMID: 36007181 PMCID: PMC9662803 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00013.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An essential step in renal function entails the formation of an ultrafiltrate that is delivered to the renal tubules for subsequent processing. This process, known as glomerular filtration, is controlled by intrinsic regulatory systems and by paracrine, neuronal, and endocrine signals that converge onto glomerular cells. In addition, the characteristics of glomerular fluid flow, such as the glomerular filtration rate and the glomerular filtration fraction, play an important role in determining blood flow to the rest of the kidney. Consequently, disease processes that initially affect glomeruli are the most likely to lead to end-stage kidney failure. The cells that comprise the glomerular filter, especially podocytes and mesangial cells, express many different types of ion channels that regulate intrinsic aspects of cell function and cellular responses to the local environment, such as changes in glomerular capillary pressure. Dysregulation of glomerular ion channels, such as changes in TRPC6, can lead to devastating glomerular diseases, and a number of channels, including TRPC6, TRPC5, and various ionotropic receptors, are promising targets for drug development. This review discusses glomerular structure and glomerular disease processes. It also describes the types of plasma membrane ion channels that have been identified in glomerular cells, the physiological and pathophysiological contexts in which they operate, and the pathways by which they are regulated and dysregulated. The contributions of these channels to glomerular disease processes, such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and diabetic nephropathy, as well as the development of drugs that target these channels are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Staruschenko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
- Hypertension and Kidney Research Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, Florida
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Oleg Palygin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Stuart E Dryer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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Tao Y, Chaudhari S, Shotorbani PY, Ding Y, Chen Z, Kasetti R, Zode G, Ma R. Enhanced Orai1-mediated store-operated Ca 2+ channel/calpain signaling contributes to high glucose-induced podocyte injury. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101990. [PMID: 35490782 PMCID: PMC9136128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury induced by hyperglycemia is the main cause of kidney dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) regulates a diversity of cellular processes in a variety of cell types. Calpain, a Ca2+-dependent cysteine protease, was recently shown to be involved in podocyte injury. In the present study, we sought to determine whether increased SOCE contributed to high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte injury through activation of the calpain pathway. In cultured human podocytes, whole-cell patch clamp indicated the presence of functional store-operated Ca2+ channels, which are composed of Orai1 proteins and mediate SOCE. Western blots showed that HG treatment increased the protein abundance of Orai1 in a dose-dependent manner. Consistently, calcium imaging experiments revealed that SOCE was significantly enhanced in podocytes following HG treatment. Furthermore, HG treatment caused overt podocyte F-actin disorganization as well as a significant decrease in nephrin protein abundance, both of which are indications of podocyte injury. These podocyte injury responses were significantly blunted by both pharmacological inhibition of Orai1 using the small molecule inhibitor BTP2 or by genetic deletion of Orai1 using CRISPR-Cas9 lentivirus. Moreover, activation of SOCE by thapsigargin, an inhibitor of Ca2+ pump on the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane, significantly increased the activity of calpain, which was inhibited by BTP2. Finally, the calpain-1/calpain-2 inhibitor calpeptin significantly blunted the nephrin protein reduction induced by HG treatment. Taken together, our results suggest that enhanced signaling via an Orai1/SOCE/Calpain axis contributes to HG-induced podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tao
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Sarika Chaudhari
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | | | - Yanfeng Ding
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Zhenglan Chen
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Ramesh Kasetti
- The North Texas Eye Research Institute and Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Gulab Zode
- The North Texas Eye Research Institute and Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.
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Physiological Overview of the Potential Link between the UPS and Ca2+ Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050997. [PMID: 35624861 PMCID: PMC9137615 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is the main proteolytic pathway by which damaged target proteins are degraded after ubiquitination and the recruit of ubiquitinated proteins, thus regulating diverse physiological functions and the maintenance in various tissues and cells. Ca2+ signaling is raised by oxidative or ER stress. Although the basic function of the UPS has been extensively elucidated and has been continued to define its mechanism, the precise relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling remains unclear. In the present review, we describe the relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling, including Ca2+-associated proteins, to understand the end point of oxidative stress. The UPS modulates Ca2+ signaling via the degradation of Ca2+-related proteins, including Ca2+ channels and transporters. Conversely, the modulation of UPS is driven by increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. The multifaceted relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ plays critical roles in different tissue systems. Thus, we highlight the potential crosstalk between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling by providing an overview of the UPS in different organ systems and illuminating the relationship between the UPS and autophagy.
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miR-154-5p Affects the TGFβ1/Smad3 Pathway on the Fibrosis of Diabetic Kidney Disease via Binding E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Smurf1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7502632. [PMID: 35126820 PMCID: PMC8814716 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7502632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aim The study is aimed at verifying miR-154-5p and Smurf1 combination in glomerular mesangial cells regulating TGFβ1/Smad3 pathway-related protein ubiquitination in the model of diabetic rats renal tissues, primary mesangial cells, and cell lines. Methods The diabetic SD rat model and high-glucose-cultured primary mesangial cells and cell lines were established. miR-154-5p mimic and inhibitor, Smurf1 siRNA, and TGF β 1/Smad3 inhibitor (SB431542) were pretreated to make the TGFβ1/Smad3 pathway and ubiquitin changes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used for the miR-154-5p renal localization; molecular biological detection was adopted for cell proliferation, renal function, urine protein, and pathway proteins. After bioinformatics predicted binding sites, luciferase and Co-IP were used to detect miRNA and protein binding. Results miR-154-5p was significantly increased and mainly concentrated in the glomerular of renal cortex in well-established diabetic rat renal tissues. Rno-miR-154-5p combined Rno-Smurf1 3′ UTR, while Smurf1 combined Smad3 directly. Meanwhile, miR-154-5p regulates TGFβ1/Smad3-mediated cell proliferation via Smurf1 ubiquitination. Conclusion miR-154-5p regulates the TGFβ1/Smads pathway through Smurf1 ubiquitination and promotes the fibrosis process of diabetic kidney disease.
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Chaudhari S, Mallet RT, Shotorbani PY, Tao Y, Ma R. Store-operated calcium entry: Pivotal roles in renal physiology and pathophysiology. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 246:305-316. [PMID: 33249888 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220975207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Research conducted over the last two decades has dramatically advanced the understanding of store-operated calcium channels (SOCC) and their impact on renal function. Kidneys contain many types of cells, including those specialized for glomerular filtration (fenestrated capillary endothelium, podocytes), water and solute transport (tubular epithelium), and regulation of glomerular filtration and renal blood flow (vascular smooth muscle cells, mesangial cells). The highly integrated function of these myriad cells effects renal control of blood pressure, extracellular fluid volume and osmolality, electrolyte balance, and acid-base homeostasis. Many of these cells are regulated by Ca2+ signaling. Recent evidence demonstrates that SOCCs are major Ca2+ entry portals in several renal cell types. SOCC is activated by depletion of Ca2+ stores in the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum, which communicates with plasma membrane SOCC via the Ca2+ sensor Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 (STIM1). Orai1 is recognized as the main pore-forming subunit of SOCC in the plasma membrane. Orai proteins alone can form highly Ca2+ selective SOCC channels. Also, members of the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) channel family are proposed to form heteromeric complexes with Orai1 subunits, forming SOCC with low Ca2+ selectivity. Recently, Ca2+ entry through SOCC, known as store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), was identified in glomerular mesangial cells, tubular epithelium, and renovascular smooth muscle cells. The physiological and pathological relevance and the characterization of SOCC complexes in those cells are still unclear. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of SOCC and their roles in renal glomerular, tubular and vascular cells, including studies from our laboratory, emphasizing SOCE regulation of fibrotic protein deposition. Understanding the diverse roles of SOCE in different renal cell types is essential, as SOCC and its signaling pathways are emerging targets for treatment of SOCE-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Chaudhari
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Robert T Mallet
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Parisa Y Shotorbani
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Yu Tao
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Shotorbani PY, Chaudhari S, Tao Y, Tsiokas L, Ma R. Inhibitor of myogenic differentiation family isoform a, a new positive regulator of fibronectin production by glomerular mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F673-F682. [PMID: 31984795 PMCID: PMC7099507 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00508.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overproduction of extracellular matrix proteins, including fibronectin by mesangial cells (MCs), contributes to diabetic nephropathy. Inhibitor of myogenic differentiation family isoform a (I-mfa) is a multifunctional cytosolic protein functioning as a transcriptional modulator or plasma channel protein regulator. However, its renal effects are unknown. The present study was conducted to determine whether I-mfa regulated fibronectin production by glomerular MCs. In human MCs, overexpression of I-mfa significantly increased fibronectin abundance. Silencing I-mfa significantly reduced the level of fibronectin mRNA and blunted transforming growth factor-β1-stimulated production of fibronectin. We further found that high glucose increased I-mfa protein content in a time course (≥48 h) and concentration (≥25 mM)-dependent manner. Although high glucose exposure increased I-mfa at the protein level, it did not significantly alter transcripts of I-mfa in MCs. Furthermore, the abundance of I-mfa protein was significantly increased in the renal cortex of rats with diabetic nephropathy. The I-mfa protein level was also elevated in the glomerulus of mice with diabetic kidney disease. However, there was no significant difference in glomerular I-mfa mRNA levels between mice with and without diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, H2O2 significantly increased I-mfa protein abundance in a dose-dependent manner in cultured human MCs. The antioxidants polyethylene glycol-catalase, ammonium pyrrolidithiocarbamate, and N-acetylcysteine significantly blocked the high glucose-induced increase of I-mfa protein. Taken together, our results suggest that I-mfa, increased by high glucose/diabetes through the production of reactive oxygen species, stimulates fibronectin production by MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarika Chaudhari
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Yu Tao
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Leonidas Tsiokas
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
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Huang L, Ma R, Lin T, Chaudhari S, Shotorbani PY, Yang L, Wu P. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor pathway inhibits extracellular matrix production by mesangial cells through store-operated Ca 2+ channel. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:1193-1201. [PMID: 31510798 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219876531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular mesangial cell is the major source of mesangial matrix. Our previous study demonstrated that store-operated Ca2+ channel signaling suppressed extracellular matrix protein production by mesangial cells. Recent studies demonstrated that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) pathway had renoprotective effects. However, the underlying mechanism(s) remains unclear. The present study was aimed to determine if activation of GLP-1R decreased extracellular matrix protein production by mesangial cells through upregulation of store-operated Ca2+ function. Experiments were conducted in cultured human mesangial cells. Liraglutide and exendin 9–39 were used to activate and inhibit GLP-1R, respectively. Store-operated Ca2+ function was estimated by evaluating the SOC-mediated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). We found that liraglutide treatment reduced high glucose-stimulated production of fibronectin and collagen IV. The inhibitory effects of liraglutide were not observed in the presence of exendin 9–39. Exendin-4, another GLP-1R agonist also blunted high glucose-stimulated fibronectin and collagen IV production. Treatment of human mesangial cells with liraglutide for 24 h significantly attenuated the high glucose-induced reduction of Orai1 protein. Consistently, Ca2+ imaging experiments showed that the inhibition of high glucose on SOCE was significantly attenuated by liraglutide. However, in the presence of exendin 9–39, liraglutide failed to reverse the high glucose effect. Furthermore, liraglutide effects on fibronectin and collagen IV protein abundance were significantly attenuated by GSK-7975A, a selective blocker of store-operated Ca2+. Taken together, our findings suggest that GLP-1R signaling inhibited high glucose-induced extracellular matrix protein production in mesangial cells by restoring store-operated Ca2+ function. Impact statement Diabetic kidney disease continues to be a major challenge to health care system in the world. There are no known therapies currently available that can cure the disease. The present study provided compelling evidence that activation of GLP-1R inhibited extracellular matrix protein production by glomerular mesangial cells. We further showed that the beneficial effect of GLP-1R was attributed to upregulation of store-operated Ca2+ channel function. Therefore, we identified a novel mechanism contributing to the renal protective effects of GLP-1R pathway. Activation of GLP-1R pathway and/or store-operated Ca2+ channel signaling in MCs could be an option for patients with diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350005, China.,Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Tingting Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Sarika Chaudhari
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Parisa Y Shotorbani
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Liyong Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Peiwen Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350005, China
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