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Sprissler R, Hammer M, Labiner D, Joshi N, Alan A, Weinand M. Leukocyte differential gene expression prognostic value for high versus low seizure frequency in temporal lobe epilepsy. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:16. [PMID: 38166692 PMCID: PMC10759702 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03459-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was performed to test the hypothesis that systemic leukocyte gene expression has prognostic value differentiating low from high seizure frequency refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). METHODS A consecutive series of patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy was studied. Based on a median baseline seizure frequency of 2.0 seizures per month, low versus high seizure frequency was defined as ≤ 2 seizures/month and > 2 seizures/month, respectively. Systemic leukocyte gene expression was analyzed for prognostic value for TLE seizure frequency. All differentially expressed genes were analyzed, with Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis (IPA®) and Reactome, to identify leukocyte gene expression and biological pathways with prognostic value for seizure frequency. RESULTS There were ten males and six females with a mean age of 39.4 years (range: 16 to 62 years, standard error of mean: 3.6 years). There were five patients in the high and eleven patients in the low seizure frequency cohorts, respectively. Based on a threshold of twofold change (p < 0.001, FC > 2.0, FDR < 0.05) and expression within at least two pathways from both Reactome and Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis (IPA®), 13 differentially expressed leukocyte genes were identified which were all over-expressed in the low when compared to the high seizure frequency groups, including NCF2, HMOX1, RHOB, FCGR2A, PRKCD, RAC2, TLR1, CHP1, TNFRSF1A, IFNGR1, LYN, MYD88, and CASP1. Similar analysis identified four differentially expressed genes which were all over-expressed in the high when compared to the low seizure frequency groups, including AK1, F2R, GNB5, and TYMS. CONCLUSIONS Low and high seizure frequency TLE are predicted by the respective upregulation and downregulation of specific leukocyte genes involved in canonical pathways of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) inhibition, and AMPA and NMDA receptor signaling. Furthermore, high seizure frequency-TLE is distinguished prognostically from low seizure frequency-TLE by differentially increased specific leukocyte gene expression involved in GABA inhibition and NMDA receptor signaling. High and low seizure frequency patients appear to represent two mechanistically different forms of temporal lobe epilepsy based on leukocyte gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Sprissler
- Center for Applied Genetics and Genomic Medicine, RII, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Michael Hammer
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - David Labiner
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Neil Joshi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Albert Alan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Martin Weinand
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
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2
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Zhou YH, Gallins PJ, Pace RG, Dang H, Aksit MA, Blue EE, Buckingham KJ, Collaco JM, Faino AV, Gordon WW, Hetrick KN, Ling H, Liu W, Onchiri FM, Pagel K, Pugh EW, Raraigh KS, Rosenfeld M, Sun Q, Wen J, Li Y, Corvol H, Strug LJ, Bamshad MJ, Blackman SM, Cutting GR, Gibson RL, O’Neal WK, Wright FA, Knowles MR. Genetic Modifiers of Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease Severity: Whole-Genome Analysis of 7,840 Patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:1324-1333. [PMID: 36921087 PMCID: PMC10595435 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202209-1653oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Lung disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Variability in CF lung disease has substantial non-CFTR (CF transmembrane conductance regulator) genetic influence. Identification of genetic modifiers has prognostic and therapeutic importance. Objectives: Identify genetic modifier loci and genes/pathways associated with pulmonary disease severity. Methods: Whole-genome sequencing data on 4,248 unique pwCF with pancreatic insufficiency and lung function measures were combined with imputed genotypes from an additional 3,592 patients with pancreatic insufficiency from the United States, Canada, and France. This report describes association of approximately 15.9 million SNPs using the quantitative Kulich normal residual mortality-adjusted (KNoRMA) lung disease phenotype in 7,840 pwCF using premodulator lung function data. Measurements and Main Results: Testing included common and rare SNPs, transcriptome-wide association, gene-level, and pathway analyses. Pathway analyses identified novel associations with genes that have key roles in organ development, and we hypothesize that these genes may relate to dysanapsis and/or variability in lung repair. Results confirmed and extended previous genome-wide association study findings. These whole-genome sequencing data provide finely mapped genetic information to support mechanistic studies. No novel primary associations with common single variants or rare variants were found. Multilocus effects at chr5p13 (SLC9A3/CEP72) and chr11p13 (EHF/APIP) were identified. Variant effect size estimates at associated loci were consistently ordered across the cohorts, indicating possible age or birth cohort effects. Conclusions: This premodulator genomic, transcriptomic, and pathway association study of 7,840 pwCF will facilitate mechanistic and postmodulator genetic studies and the development of novel therapeutics for CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hui Zhou
- Bioinformatics Research Center
- Department of Biological Sciences, and
| | | | - Rhonda G. Pace
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, School of Medicine
| | - Hong Dang
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, School of Medicine
| | | | - Elizabeth E. Blue
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | - Anna V. Faino
- Children’s Core for Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Analytics in Research and
| | | | - Kurt N. Hetrick
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Center for Inherited Disease Research, and
| | - Hua Ling
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Center for Inherited Disease Research, and
| | | | | | - Kymberleigh Pagel
- The Institute for Computational Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth W. Pugh
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Center for Inherited Disease Research, and
| | | | - Margaret Rosenfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, and
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Yun Li
- Department of Biostatistics
- Department of Genetics, and
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Harriet Corvol
- Pediatric Pulmonary Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | - Lisa J. Strug
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health
- Department of Statistical Sciences, and
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology and
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J. Bamshad
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Scott M. Blackman
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Ronald L. Gibson
- Department of Pediatrics, and
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Wanda K. O’Neal
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, School of Medicine
| | - Fred A. Wright
- Bioinformatics Research Center
- Department of Biological Sciences, and
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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Manaig YJY, Mármol-Sánchez E, Castelló A, Esteve-Codina A, Sandrini S, Savoini G, Agazzi A, Sánchez A, Folch JM. Exon-intron split analysis reveals posttranscriptional regulatory signals induced by high and low n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio diets in piglets. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad271. [PMID: 37561402 PMCID: PMC10503648 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), such as omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3), play a vital role in nutrient metabolism, inflammatory response, and gene regulation. microRNAs (miRNA), which can potentially degrade targeted messenger RNAs (mRNA) and/or inhibit their translation, might play a relevant role in PUFA-related changes in gene expression. Although differential expression analyses can provide a comprehensive picture of gene expression variation, they are unable to disentangle when in the mRNA life cycle the regulation of expression is taking place, including any putative functional miRNA-driven repression. To capture this, we used an exon-intron split analysis (EISA) approach to account for posttranscriptional changes in response to extreme values of n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. Longissimus dorsi muscle samples of male and female piglets from sows fed with n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio of 13:1 (SOY) or 4:1 (LIN), were analyzed in a bidirectional contrast (LIN vs. SOY, SOY vs. LIN). Our results allowed the identification of genes showing strong posttranscriptional downregulation signals putatively targeted by significantly upregulated miRNA. Moreover, we identified genes primarily involved in the regulation of lipid-related metabolism and immune response, which may be associated with the pro- and anti-inflammatory functions of the n-6 and n-3 PUFA, respectively. EISA allowed us to uncover regulatory networks complementing canonical differential expression analyses, thus providing a more comprehensive view of muscle metabolic changes in response to PUFA concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yron Joseph Yabut Manaig
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi 26900, Italy
| | - Emilio Mármol-Sánchez
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm 11418, Sweden
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Anna Castelló
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- Functional Genomics, CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Silvia Sandrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi 26900, Italy
| | - Giovanni Savoini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi 26900, Italy
| | - Alessandro Agazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi 26900, Italy
| | - Armand Sánchez
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Josep M Folch
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
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Ketehouli T, Nguyen Quoc VH, Dong J, Do H, Li X, Wang F. Overview of the roles of calcium sensors in plants’ response to osmotic stress signalling. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:589-599. [PMID: 35339206 DOI: 10.1071/fp22012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signals serve an important function as secondary messengers between cells in various biological processes due to their robust homeostatic mechanism, maintaining an intracellular free Ca2+ concentration. Plant growth, development, and biotic and abiotic stress are all regulated by Ca2+ signals. Ca2+ binding proteins decode and convey the messages encoded by Ca2+ ions. In the presence of high quantities of Mg2+ and monovalent cations, such sensors bind to Ca2+ ions and modify their conformation in a Ca2+ -dependent manner. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs), calmodulins (CaMs), and calcineurin B-like proteins are all calcium sensors (CBLs). To transmit Ca2+ signals, CPKs, CBLs, and CaMs interact with target proteins and regulate the expression of their genes. These target proteins may be protein kinases, metabolic enzymes, or cytoskeletal-associated proteins. Beyond its role in plant nutrition as a macroelement and its involvement in the plant cell wall structure, calcium modulates many aspects of development, growth and adaptation to environmental constraints such as drought, salinity and osmotic stresses. This review summarises current knowledge on calcium sensors in plant responses to osmotic stress signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toi Ketehouli
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Viet Hoang Nguyen Quoc
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jinye Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hoaithuong Do
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Fawei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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5
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Namkoong H, Omae Y, Asakura T, Ishii M, Suzuki S, Morimoto K, Kawai Y, Emoto K, Oler AJ, Szymanski EP, Yoshida M, Matsuda S, Yagi K, Hase I, Nishimura T, Sasaki Y, Asami T, Shiomi T, Matsubara H, Shimada H, Hamamoto J, Jhun BW, Kim SY, Huh HJ, Won HH, Ato M, Kosaki K, Betsuyaku T, Fukunaga K, Kurashima A, Tettelin H, Yanai H, Mahasirimongkol S, Olivier KN, Hoshino Y, Koh WJ, Holland SM, Tokunaga K, Hasegawa N. Genome-wide association study in patients with pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.02269-2019. [PMID: 33542050 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02269-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental mycobacteria that can cause a chronic progressive lung disease. Although epidemiological data indicate potential genetic predisposition, its nature remains unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify host susceptibility loci for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), the most common NTM pathogen. METHODS This genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted in Japanese patients with pulmonary MAC and healthy controls, followed by genotyping of candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in another Japanese cohort. For verification by Korean and European ancestry, we performed SNP genotyping. RESULTS The GWAS discovery set included 475 pulmonary MAC cases and 417 controls. Both GWAS and replication analysis of 591 pulmonary MAC cases and 718 controls revealed the strongest association with chromosome 16p21, particularly with rs109592 (p=1.64×10-13, OR 0.54), which is in an intronic region of the calcineurin-like EF-hand protein 2 (CHP2). Expression quantitative trait loci analysis demonstrated an association with lung CHP2 expression. CHP2 was expressed in the lung tissue in pulmonary MAC disease. This SNP was associated with the nodular bronchiectasis subtype. Additionally, this SNP was significantly associated with the disease in patients of Korean (p=2.18×10-12, OR 0.54) and European (p=5.12×10-03, OR 0.63) ancestry. CONCLUSIONS We identified rs109592 in the CHP2 locus as a susceptibility marker for pulmonary MAC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Namkoong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.,JSPS Overseas Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.,H. Namkoong and Y. Omae are co-first authors.,H. Namkoong, N. Hasegawa and K. Tokunaga contributed equally to this article as lead authors and supervised the work
| | - Yosuke Omae
- Dept of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Genome Medical Science Project (Toyama), National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,H. Namkoong and Y. Omae are co-first authors
| | - Takanori Asakura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Dept of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Suzuki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kozo Morimoto
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawai
- Dept of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Genome Medical Science Project (Toyama), National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsura Emoto
- Dept of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andrew J Oler
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eva P Szymanski
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mitsunori Yoshida
- Dept of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yagi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isano Hase
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Yuka Sasaki
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Asami
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Shiomi
- Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Keiyu Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Hisato Shimada
- Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junko Hamamoto
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Byung Woo Jhun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Jae Huh
- Dept of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Manabu Ato
- Dept of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Betsuyaku
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukunaga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuyuki Kurashima
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hervé Tettelin
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Institute for Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hideki Yanai
- Dept of Clinical Laboratory, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Surakameth Mahasirimongkol
- Medical Genetics Center, Medical Life Sciences Institute, Dept of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Kenneth N Olivier
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yoshihiko Hoshino
- Dept of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Won-Jung Koh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Dept of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Genome Medical Science Project (Toyama), National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,H. Namkoong, N. Hasegawa and K. Tokunaga contributed equally to this article as lead authors and supervised the work
| | - Naoki Hasegawa
- Dept of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,H. Namkoong, N. Hasegawa and K. Tokunaga contributed equally to this article as lead authors and supervised the work
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Ion Channels, Transporters, and Sensors Interact with the Acidic Tumor Microenvironment to Modify Cancer Progression. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 182:39-84. [PMID: 34291319 DOI: 10.1007/112_2021_63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumors, including breast carcinomas, are heterogeneous but typically characterized by elevated cellular turnover and metabolism, diffusion limitations based on the complex tumor architecture, and abnormal intra- and extracellular ion compositions particularly as regards acid-base equivalents. Carcinogenesis-related alterations in expression and function of ion channels and transporters, cellular energy levels, and organellar H+ sequestration further modify the acid-base composition within tumors and influence cancer cell functions, including cell proliferation, migration, and survival. Cancer cells defend their cytosolic pH and HCO3- concentrations better than normal cells when challenged with the marked deviations in extracellular H+, HCO3-, and lactate concentrations typical of the tumor microenvironment. Ionic gradients determine the driving forces for ion transporters and channels and influence the membrane potential. Cancer and stromal cells also sense abnormal ion concentrations via intra- and extracellular receptors that modify cancer progression and prognosis. With emphasis on breast cancer, the current review first addresses the altered ion composition and the changes in expression and functional activity of ion channels and transporters in solid cancer tissue. It then discusses how ion channels, transporters, and cellular sensors under influence of the acidic tumor microenvironment shape cancer development and progression and affect the potential of cancer therapies.
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7
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Villalta I, García E, Hornero-Mendez D, Carranco R, Tello C, Mendoza I, De Luca A, Andrés Z, Schumacher K, Pardo JM, Quintero FJ. Distinct Roles of N-Terminal Fatty Acid Acylation of the Salinity-Sensor Protein SOS3. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:691124. [PMID: 34630451 PMCID: PMC8494787 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.691124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The Salt-Overly-Sensitive (SOS) pathway controls the net uptake of sodium by roots and the xylematic transfer to shoots in vascular plants. SOS3/CBL4 is a core component of the SOS pathway that senses calcium signaling of salinity stress to activate and recruit the protein kinase SOS2/CIPK24 to the plasma membrane to trigger sodium efflux by the Na/H exchanger SOS1/NHX7. However, despite the well-established function of SOS3 at the plasma membrane, SOS3 displays a nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution whose physiological meaning is not understood. Here, we show that the N-terminal part of SOS3 encodes structural information for dual acylation with myristic and palmitic fatty acids, each of which commands a different location and function of SOS3. N-myristoylation at glycine-2 is essential for plasma membrane association and recruiting SOS2 to activate SOS1, whereas S-acylation at cysteine-3 redirects SOS3 toward the nucleus. Moreover, a poly-lysine track in positions 7-11 that is unique to SOS3 among other Arabidopsis CBLs appears to be essential for the correct positioning of the SOS2-SOS3 complex at the plasma membrane for the activation of SOS1. The nuclear-localized SOS3 protein had limited bearing on the salt tolerance of Arabidopsis. These results are evidence of a novel S-acylation dependent nuclear trafficking mechanism that contrasts with alternative subcellular targeting of other CBLs by S-acylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Villalta
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Elena García
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Dámaso Hornero-Mendez
- Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Raúl Carranco
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Imelda Mendoza
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Anna De Luca
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Zaida Andrés
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - José M. Pardo
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- *Correspondence: José M. Pardo,
| | - Francisco J. Quintero
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Francisco J. Quintero,
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Role of Genetic Mutations of the Na +/H + Exchanger Isoform 1, in Human Disease and Protein Targeting and Activity. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:1221-1232. [PMID: 33201382 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03984-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian Na+/H+ exchanger isoform one (NHE1) is a plasma membrane protein that is ubiquitously present in human cells. It functions to regulate intracellular pH removing an intracellular proton in exchange for one extracellular sodium and is involved in heart disease and in promoting metastasis in cancer. It is made of a 500 amino acid membrane domain plus a 315 amino acid, regulatory cytosolic tail. The membrane domain is thought to have 12 transmembrane segments and a large membrane-associated extracellular loop. Early studies demonstrated that in mice, disruption of the NHE1 gene results in locomotor ataxia and a phenotype of slow-wave epilepsy. Defects included a progressive neuronal degeneration. Growth and reproductive ability were also reduced. Recent studies have identified human autosomal homozygous recessive mutations in the NHE1 gene (SLC9A1) that result in impaired development, ataxia and other severe defects, and explain the cause of the human disease Lichtenstein-Knorr syndrome. Other human mutations have been identified that are stop codon polymorphisms. These cause short non-functional NHE1 proteins, while other genetic polymorphisms in the NHE1 gene cause impaired expression of the NHE1 protein, reduced activity, enhanced protein degradation or altered kinetic activation of the protein. Since NHE1 plays a key role in many human physiological functions and in human disease, genetic polymorphisms of the protein that significantly alter its function and are likely play significant roles in varying human phenotypes and be involved in disease.
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Xu L, Qin Y, Sun B, Wang H, Gu J, Tang Z, Zhang W, Feng J. Involvement of CHP2 in the Development of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Patients' Poor Prognosis. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 28:678-686. [PMID: 33030853 PMCID: PMC7664967 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of the calcineurin B homologous protein 2 (CHP2) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to study its effects on biological characteristics of NSCLC cells. Tumor and adjacent samples were collected from 196 NSCLC patients. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression levels of the CHP2 in 8 pairs of NSCLC fresh tissues and 4 NSCLC cell lines. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression of the CHP2 in 188 additional pairs of NSCLC wax block tissues. The data indicated that the expression levels of the CHP2 in the paraffin and fresh tissues of NSCLC were significantly higher than those of the adjacent tissues. According to the histo-score, univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that a high expression level of CHP2 was an important factor affecting the 5-year survival rate of NSCLC patients. After knocking down the expression of CHP2 in NSCLC cell lines, the proliferative, migratory, and invasive activities of NSCLC-CHP2 cells were decreased which were assessed by Western blotting, Cell Counting Kit-8, and transwell and wound-healing assays. In conclusion, the data demonstrated that CHP2 was highly expressed in NSCLC and that it could promote the development of NSCLC, suggesting its potential application for the therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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10
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Cottle WT, Wallert CH, Anderson KK, Tran MF, Bakker CL, Wallert MA, Provost JJ. Calcineurin homologous protein isoform 2 supports tumor survival via the sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 in non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320937863. [PMID: 32686600 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320937863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining intracellular pH is crucial for preserving healthy cellular behavior and, when dysregulated, results in increased proliferation, migration, and invasion. The Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 is a highly regulated transmembrane antiporter that maintains pH homeostasis by exporting protons in response to intra- and extracellular signals. Activation of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 is exquisitely regulated by the extracellular environment and protein cofactors, including calcineurin B homologous proteins 1 and 2. While Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 and calcineurin B homologous protein 1 are ubiquitously expressed, calcineurin B homologous protein 2 shows tissue-specific expression and upregulation in a variety of cancer cells. In addition, calcineurin B homologous protein 2 expression is modulated by tumorigenic extracellular conditions like low nutrients. To understand the role of calcineurin B homologous protein 2 in tumorigenesis and survival in lung cancer, we surveyed existing databases and formed a comprehensive report of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1, calcineurin B homologous protein 1, and calcineurin B homologous protein 2 expression in diseased and non-diseased tissues. We show that calcineurin B homologous protein 2 is upregulated during oncogenesis in many adeno and squamous carcinomas. To understand the functional role of calcineurin B homologous protein 2 upregulation, we evaluated the effect of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 and calcineurin B homologous protein 2 depletion on cellular function during cancer progression in situ. Here, we show that calcineurin B homologous protein 2 functions through Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 to effect cell proliferation, cell migration, steady-state pHi, and anchorage-independent tumor growth. Finally, we present evidence that calcineurin B homologous protein 2 depletion in vivo has potential to reduce tumor burden in a xenograft model. Together, these data support the tumor-promoting potential of aberrant calcineurin B homologous protein 2 expression and position calcineurin B homologous protein 2 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Taylor Cottle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Kristine Kay Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Fang Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Clare Loraine Bakker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Joseph John Provost
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Hsieh CH, Chu CY, Lin SE, Yang YCS, Chang HS, Yen Y. TESC Promotes TGF-α/EGFR-FOXM1-Mediated Tumor Progression in Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051105. [PMID: 32365487 PMCID: PMC7281536 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a relatively uncommon but highly lethal malignancy. Improving outcomes in patients depends on earlier diagnosis and appropriate treatment; however, no satisfactory diagnostic biomarkers or targeted therapies are currently available. To address this shortcoming, we analyzed the transcriptomic datasets of cholangiocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and found that TESC is highly expressed in cholangiocarcinoma. Elevated cellular levels of TESC are correlated with larger tumor size and predict a poor survival outcome for patients. Knockdown of TESC via RNA interference suppresses tumor growth. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that silencing of TESC decreases the level of FOXM1, leading to cell cycle arrest. Correlation analysis revealed that the cellular level of TESC is correlated with that of FOXM1 in cholangiocarcinoma patients. We further observed that upon TGF-α induction, TESC is upregulated through the EGFR-STAT3 pathway and mediates TGF-α-induced tumor cell proliferation. In vivo experiments revealed that knockdown of TESC significantly attenuates tumor cell growth. Therefore, our data provide novel insight into TESC-mediated oncogenesis and reveal that TESC is a potential biomarker or serves as a therapeutic target for cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Han Hsieh
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ying Chu
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- CRISPR Gene Targeting Core Lab, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Sey-En Lin
- Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen S.H. Yang
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Shu Chang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yun Yen
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 1588); Fax: +886-2-2378-7795
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12
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Identification of novel biomarkers affecting the metastasis of colorectal cancer through bioinformatics analysis and validation through qRT-PCR. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:105. [PMID: 32256214 PMCID: PMC7106634 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor progression and distant metastasis are the main causes of deaths in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and the molecular mechanisms in CRC metastasis have not been completely discovered. Methods We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and lncRNAs (DELs) of CRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then we conducted the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to investigate co-expression modules related with CRC metastasis. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, DEG-DEL co-expression network and survival analyses of significant modules were also conducted. Finally, the expressions of selected biomarkers were validated in cell lines by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results 2032 DEGs and 487 DELs were involved the construction of WGCNA network, and greenyellow, turquoise and brown module were identified to have more significant correlation with CRC metastasis. GO and KEGG pathway analysis of these three modules have proven that the functions of DEGs were closely involved in many important processes in cancer pathogenesis. Through the DEG-DEL co-expression network, 12 DEGs and 2 DELs were considered as hub nodes. Besides, survival analysis showed that 30 DEGs were associated with the overall survival of CRC. Then 10 candidate biomarkers were chosen for validation and the expression of CA2, CHP2, SULT1B1, MOGAT2 and C1orf115 were significantly decreased in CRC cell lines when compared to normal human colonic epithelial cells, which were consistent with the results of differential expression analysis. Especially, low expression of SULT1B1, MOGAT2 and C1orf115 were closely correlated with poorer survival of CRC. Conclusion This study identified 5 genes as new biomarkers affecting the metastasis of CRC. Besides, SULT1B1, MOGAT2 and C1orf115 might be implicated in the prognosis of CRC patients.
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13
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Benomar S, Lansdon P, Bender AM, Peterson BR, Chandler JR, Ackley BD. The C. elegans CHP1 homolog, pbo-1, functions in innate immunity by regulating the pH of the intestinal lumen. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008134. [PMID: 31917826 PMCID: PMC6952083 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans are soil-dwelling nematodes and models for understanding innate immunity and infection. Previously, we developed a novel fluorescent dye (KR35) that accumulates in the intestine of C. elegans and reports a dynamic wave in intestinal pH associated with the defecation motor program. Here, we use KR35 to show that mutations in the Ca2+-binding protein, PBO-1, abrogate the pH wave, causing the anterior intestine to be constantly acidic. Surprisingly, pbo-1 mutants were also more susceptible to infection by several bacterial pathogens. We could suppress pathogen susceptibility in pbo-1 mutants by treating the animals with pH-buffering bicarbonate, suggesting the pathogen susceptibility is a function of the acidity of the intestinal pH. Furthermore, we use KR35 to show that upon infection by pathogens, the intestinal pH becomes neutral in a wild type, but less so in pbo-1 mutants. C. elegans is known to increase production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as H2O2, in response to pathogens, which is an important component of pathogen defense. We show that pbo-1 mutants exhibited decreased H2O2 in response to pathogens, which could also be partially restored in pbo-1 animals treated with bicarbonate. Ultimately, our results support a model whereby PBO-1 functions during infection to facilitate pH changes in the intestine that are protective to the host. Innate immunity is critical for host defense against pathogens. However, questions remain about how the host senses and responds to pathogen invasion. Using a pH-sensitive fluorescent dye and a Caenorhabditis elegans pathogen infection model we show that pathogens induce changes in pH of the worm intestine. We also show that intestinal pH directly affects production of reactive oxygen species (e.g. H2O2) important for pathogen defense. Our results show that pH regulation is an important component of the innate immune response to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida Benomar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Patrick Lansdon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Aaron M. Bender
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Blake R. Peterson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Josephine R. Chandler
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JRC); (BDA)
| | - Brian D. Ackley
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JRC); (BDA)
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Liang S, Fuchs S, Mymrikov EV, Stulz A, Kaiser M, Heerklotz H, Hunte C. Calcium affects CHP1 and CHP2 conformation and their interaction with sodium/proton exchanger 1. FASEB J 2020; 34:3253-3266. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902093r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liang
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Simon Fuchs
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Evgeny V. Mymrikov
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- CIBSS ‐ Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Anja Stulz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Michael Kaiser
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Heiko Heerklotz
- CIBSS ‐ Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy University of Toronto Toronto Canada
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Carola Hunte
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- CIBSS ‐ Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
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15
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Simon Á, Gulyás G, Mészár Z, Bhide M, Oláh J, Bai P, Csősz É, Jávor A, Komlósi I, Remenyik J, Czeglédi L. Proteomics alterations in chicken jejunum caused by 24 h fasting. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6588. [PMID: 30941268 PMCID: PMC6440466 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The small intestine is the longest part of the chicken (Gallus gallus) gastrointestinal system that is specialized for nutrient absorption. It is known that decrease in intestinal villi area or height in early age can cause a reduction in essential nutrient intake, which may lead to delayed growth and consequently poorer performance of broiler chickens. The small intestinal absorptive surface is known to be affected by various factors, among others things the nutritional state. In our experiment, we aimed to investigate the possible protein expression alterations that lie behind the villus area and height decrease caused by feed deprivation. A total of 24 chickens were divided into three groups, namely ad libitum fed, fasted for 24 h, fasted for 24 h then refed for 2 h. The morphometric parameters were also measured in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum tissue sections using image analysis. Differential proteome analyses from jejunum samples were performed using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis followed by tryptic digestion and protein identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Overall 541 protein spots were detected after 2D. Among them, eleven showed 1.5-fold or higher significant difference in expression and were successfully identified. In response to 24 h fasting, the expression of nine proteins was higher and that of two proteins was lower compared to the ad libitum fed group. The functions of the differentially expressed proteins indicate that the 24 h fasting mainly affects the expression of structural proteins, and proteins involved in lipid transport, general stress response, and intestinal defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Simon
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Gulyás
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Mészár
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mangesh Bhide
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia.,Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - János Oláh
- Farm and Regional Research Institute of Debrecen, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Csősz
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Jávor
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Komlósi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Remenyik
- Institute of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Levente Czeglédi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Song H, Yuan S, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Zhang P, Cao J, Li H, Li X, Shen H, Wang Z, Chen G. Sodium/Hydrogen Exchanger 1 Participates in Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage both in vivo and in vitro via Promoting Neuronal Apoptosis. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:985-1001. [PMID: 30838887 PMCID: PMC6728713 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719834873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE1) plays an essential role in maintaining intracellular pH (pHi) homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS) under physiological conditions, and it is also associated with neuronal death and intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ overload induced by cerebral ischemia. However, its roles and underlying mechanisms in early brain injury (EBI) induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) have not been fully explored. In this research, a SAH model in adult male rat was established through injecting autologous arterial blood into prechiasmatic cistern. Meanwhile, primary cultured cortical neurons of rat treated with 5 μM oxygen hemoglobin (OxyHb) for 24 h were applied to mimic SAH in vitro. We find that the protein levels of NHE1 are significantly increased in brain tissues of rats after SAH. Downregulation of NHE1 by HOE642 (a specific chemical inhibitor of NHE1) and genetic-knockdown can effectively alleviate behavioral and cognitive dysfunction, brain edema, blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury, inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, neurondegeneration, and neuronal apoptosis, all of which are involved in EBI following SAH. However, upregulation of NHE1 by genetic-overexpression can produce opposite effects. Additionally, inhibiting NHE1 significantly attenuates OxyHb-induced neuronal apoptosis in vitro and reduces interaction of NHE1 and CHP1 both in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, we can conclude that NHE1 participates in EBI induced by SAH through mediating inflammation, oxidative stress, behavioral and cognitive dysfunction, BBB injury, brain edema, and promoting neuronal degeneration and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangcheng Song
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,2 Department of Neurosurgery, Haimen People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province, China.,Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Shuai Yuan
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Zhuwei Zhang
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Juyi Zhang
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Cao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,3 Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiying Li
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Li
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Chen
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Upadhyay A, Hosseinibarkooie S, Schneider S, Kaczmarek A, Torres-Benito L, Mendoza-Ferreira N, Overhoff M, Rombo R, Grysko V, Kye MJ, Kononenko NL, Wirth B. Neurocalcin Delta Knockout Impairs Adult Neurogenesis Whereas Half Reduction Is Not Pathological. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:19. [PMID: 30853885 PMCID: PMC6396726 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurocalcin delta (NCALD) is a brain-enriched neuronal calcium sensor and its reduction acts protective against spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). However, the physiological function of NCALD and implications of NCALD reduction are still elusive. Here, we analyzed the ubiquitous Ncald knockout in homozygous (NcaldKO/KO) and heterozygous (NcaldKO/WT) mice to unravel the physiological role of NCALD in the brain and to study whether 50% NCALD reduction is a safe option for SMA therapy. We found that NcaldKO/KO but not NcaldKO/WT mice exhibit significant changes in the hippocampal morphology, likely due to impaired generation and migration of newborn neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG). To understand the mechanism behind, we studied the NCALD interactome and identified mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 10 (MAP3K10) as a novel NCALD interacting partner. MAP3K10 is an upstream activating kinase of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which regulates adult neurogenesis. Strikingly, the JNK activation was significantly upregulated in the NcaldKO/KO brains. Contrary, neither adult neurogenesis nor JNK activation were altered by heterozygous Ncald deletion. Taken together, our study identifies a novel link between NCALD and adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus, possibly via a MAP3K10-JNK pathway and emphasizes the safety of using NCALD reduction as a therapeutic option for SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaradhita Upadhyay
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Seyyedmohsen Hosseinibarkooie
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Svenja Schneider
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Kaczmarek
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Laura Torres-Benito
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Natalia Mendoza-Ferreira
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melina Overhoff
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman Rombo
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vanessa Grysko
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Min Jeong Kye
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Natalia L Kononenko
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Brunhilde Wirth
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Fuchs S, Hansen SC, Markones M, Mymrikov EV, Heerklotz H, Hunte C. Calcineurin B homologous protein 3 binds with high affinity to the CHP binding domain of the human sodium/proton exchanger NHE1. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14837. [PMID: 30287853 PMCID: PMC6172220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1 is critical for cell vitality as it controls intracellular pH and cell volume. Its functionality is influenced by calcineurin B homologous proteins (CHPs). The human isoform CHP3 is important for transport of NHE1 to the plasma membrane and for its activity. Here, we characterized the binding interaction of human CHP3 with the regulatory domain of NHE1. The exact binding site of CHP3 was previously debated. CHP3 as well as both regions of NHE1 in question were produced and purified. CHP3 specifically formed stable complexes with the CHP-binding region (CBD) of NHE1 (residues 503-545) in size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), but not with the C-terminal region (CTD, residues 633-815). CTD was functional as shown by Ca2+-dependent binding of calmodulin in SEC analysis. CHP3 bound with high affinity to CBD with an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) of 56 nM determined by microscale thermophoresis. The high affinity was substantiated by isothermal calorimetry analysis (KD = 3 nM), which also revealed that the interaction with CBD is strongly exothermic (ΔG° = -48.6 kJ/mol, ΔH = -75.3 kJ/mol, -TΔS° = 26.7 kJ/mol). The data provide insights in the molecular mechanisms that underlie the regulatory interaction of CHP3 and NHE1 and more general of calcineurin homologous proteins with their target proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Fuchs
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sierra C Hansen
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marie Markones
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evgeny V Mymrikov
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Heerklotz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carola Hunte
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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19
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Romero MR, Pérez-Figueroa A, Carrera M, Swanson WJ, Skibinski DOF, Diz AP. RNA-seq coupled to proteomic analysis reveals high sperm proteome variation between two closely related marine mussel species. J Proteomics 2018; 192:169-187. [PMID: 30189323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Speciation mechanisms in marine organisms have attracted great interest because of the apparent lack of substantial barriers to genetic exchange in marine ecosystems. Marine mussels of the Mytilus edulis species complex provide a good model to study mechanisms underlying species formation. They hybridise extensively at many localities and both pre- and postzygotic isolating mechanisms may be operating. Mussels have external fertilisation and sperm cells should show specific adaptations for survival and successful fertilisation. Sperm thus represent key targets in investigations of the molecular mechanisms underlying reproductive isolation. We undertook a deep transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of mature male gonads and a 2DE/MS-based proteome analysis of sperm from Mytilus edulis and M. galloprovincialis raised in a common environment. We provide evidence of extensive expression differences between the two mussel species, and general agreement between the transcriptomic and proteomic results in the direction of expression differences between species. Differential expression is marked for mitochondrial genes and for those involved in spermatogenesis, sperm motility, sperm-egg interactions, the acrosome reaction, sperm capacitation, ATP reserves and ROS production. Proteins and their corresponding genes might thus be good targets in further genomic analysis of reproductive barriers between these closely related species. SIGNIFICANCE: Model systems for the study of fertilization include marine invertebrates with external fertilisation, such as abalones, sea urchins and mussels, because of the ease with which large quantities of gametes released into seawater can be collected after induced spawning. Unlike abalones and sea urchins, hybridisation has been reported between mussels of different Mytilus spp., which thus makes them very appealing for the study of reproductive isolation at both pre- and postzygotic levels. There is a lack of empirical proteomic studies on sperm samples comparing different Mytilus species, which could help to advance this study. A comparative analysis of sperm proteomes across different taxa may provide important insights into the fundamental molecular processes and mechanisms involved in reproductive isolation. It might also contribute to a better understanding of sperm function and of the adaptive evolution of sperm proteins in different taxa. There is now growing evidence from genomics studies that multiple protein complexes and many individual proteins might have important functions in sperm biology and the fertilisation process. From an applied perspective, the identification of sperm-specific proteins could also contribute to the improved understanding of fertility problems and as targets for fertility control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica R Romero
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; Marine Research Centre, University of Vigo (CIM-UVIGO), Isla de Toralla, Vigo, Spain
| | - Andrés Pérez-Figueroa
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Willie J Swanson
- Department of Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - David O F Skibinski
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Angel P Diz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; Marine Research Centre, University of Vigo (CIM-UVIGO), Isla de Toralla, Vigo, Spain.
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20
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Zhao X, Xie T, Dai T, Zhao W, Li J, Xu R, Jiang C, Li P, Deng J, Su X, Ma N. CHP2 Promotes Cell Proliferation in Breast Cancer via Suppression of FOXO3a. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1512-1522. [PMID: 29967111 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhao
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Dai
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- Juancheng People's Hospital, Juancheng, China
| | - Jing Li
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Cancer Center, People's Hospital of Baoan District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peiqiong Li
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyao Deng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Su
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ningfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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21
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Kawasaki H, Kretsinger RH. Structural and functional diversity of EF-hand proteins: Evolutionary perspectives. Protein Sci 2017; 26:1898-1920. [PMID: 28707401 PMCID: PMC5606533 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We have classified 865 sequences of EF-hand proteins from five proteomes into 156 subfamilies. These subfamilies were put into six groups. Evolutionary relationships among subfamilies and groups were analyzed from the inferred ancestral sequence for each subfamily. CTER, CPV, and PEF groups arose from a common EF-lobe (pair of adjacent EF-hands). They have two or more EF-lobes; the relative positions of their EF-lobes differ from each other. Comparisons of the ancestral sequences and the inferred structures of the EF-lobes of these groups indicate that the mutual positions of EF-lobes were established soon after divergence of an EF-lobe for each group and before the duplication and fusion of EF-lobe gene(s). These ancestral sequences reveal that some subfamilies in low similarity and isolated groups did not evolve from the EF-lobe precursor, even if their conformations are similar to the canonical EF-hand. This is an example of convergent evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawasaki
- Department of Medical Life ScienceGraduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City UniversityYokohamaKanagawa230‐0045Japan
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22
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A proteomic characterization shows differences in the milk fat globule membrane of buffalo and bovine milk. FOOD BIOSCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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23
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Riessland M, Kaczmarek A, Schneider S, Swoboda KJ, Löhr H, Bradler C, Grysko V, Dimitriadi M, Hosseinibarkooie S, Torres-Benito L, Peters M, Upadhyay A, Biglari N, Kröber S, Hölker I, Garbes L, Gilissen C, Hoischen A, Nürnberg G, Nürnberg P, Walter M, Rigo F, Bennett CF, Kye MJ, Hart AC, Hammerschmidt M, Kloppenburg P, Wirth B. Neurocalcin Delta Suppression Protects against Spinal Muscular Atrophy in Humans and across Species by Restoring Impaired Endocytosis. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 100:297-315. [PMID: 28132687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Homozygous SMN1 loss causes spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), the most common lethal genetic childhood motor neuron disease. SMN1 encodes SMN, a ubiquitous housekeeping protein, which makes the primarily motor neuron-specific phenotype rather unexpected. SMA-affected individuals harbor low SMN expression from one to six SMN2 copies, which is insufficient to functionally compensate for SMN1 loss. However, rarely individuals with homozygous absence of SMN1 and only three to four SMN2 copies are fully asymptomatic, suggesting protection through genetic modifier(s). Previously, we identified plastin 3 (PLS3) overexpression as an SMA protective modifier in humans and showed that SMN deficit impairs endocytosis, which is rescued by elevated PLS3 levels. Here, we identify reduction of the neuronal calcium sensor Neurocalcin delta (NCALD) as a protective SMA modifier in five asymptomatic SMN1-deleted individuals carrying only four SMN2 copies. We demonstrate that NCALD is a Ca2+-dependent negative regulator of endocytosis, as NCALD knockdown improves endocytosis in SMA models and ameliorates pharmacologically induced endocytosis defects in zebrafish. Importantly, NCALD knockdown effectively ameliorates SMA-associated pathological defects across species, including worm, zebrafish, and mouse. In conclusion, our study identifies a previously unknown protective SMA modifier in humans, demonstrates modifier impact in three different SMA animal models, and suggests a potential combinatorial therapeutic strategy to efficiently treat SMA. Since both protective modifiers restore endocytosis, our results confirm that endocytosis is a major cellular mechanism perturbed in SMA and emphasize the power of protective modifiers for understanding disease mechanism and developing therapies.
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Parra V, Rothermel BA. Calcineurin signaling in the heart: The importance of time and place. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 103:121-136. [PMID: 28007541 PMCID: PMC5778886 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The calcium-activated protein phosphatase, calcineurin, lies at the intersection of protein phosphorylation and calcium signaling cascades, where it provides an essential nodal point for coordination between these two fundamental modes of intracellular communication. In excitatory cells, such as neurons and cardiomyocytes, that experience rapid and frequent changes in cytoplasmic calcium, calcineurin protein levels are exceptionally high, suggesting that these cells require high levels of calcineurin activity. Yet, it is widely recognized that excessive activation of calcineurin in the heart contributes to pathological hypertrophic remodeling and the progression to failure. How does a calcium activated enzyme function in the calcium-rich environment of the continuously contracting heart without pathological consequences? This review will discuss the wide range of calcineurin substrates relevant to cardiovascular health and the mechanisms calcineurin uses to find and act on appropriate substrates in the appropriate location while potentially avoiding others. Fundamental differences in calcineurin signaling in neonatal verses adult cardiomyocytes will be addressed as well as the importance of maintaining heterogeneity in calcineurin activity across the myocardium. Finally, we will discuss how circadian oscillations in calcineurin activity may facilitate integration with other essential but conflicting processes, allowing a healthy heart to reap the benefits of calcineurin signaling while avoiding the detrimental consequences of sustained calcineurin activity that can culminate in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Parra
- Advanced Centre for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago,Chile; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad de Chie, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beverly A Rothermel
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA.
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25
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Takamatsu G, Katagiri C, Tomoyuki T, Shimizu-Okabe C, Nakamura W, Nakamura-Higa M, Hayakawa T, Wakabayashi S, Kondo T, Takayama C, Matsushita M. Tescalcin is a potential target of class I histone deacetylase inhibitors in neurons. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 482:1327-1333. [PMID: 27939885 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Class I histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are believed to have positive effects on neurite outgrowth, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis in adult brain. However, the downstream molecular targets of class I HDAC inhibitors in neurons are not clear. Although class I HDAC inhibitors are thought to broadly promote transcription of many neuronal genes through enhancement of histone acetylation, the affected gene set may include unidentified genes that are essential for neuronal survival and function. To identify novel genes that are targets of class I HDAC inhibitors, we used a microarray to screen transcripts from neuronal cultures and evaluated changes in protein and mRNA expression following treatment with four HDAC inhibitors. We identified tescalcin (Tesc) as the most strongly up-regulated gene following treatment with class I HDAC inhibitors in neurons. Moreover, hippocampal neurons overexpressing TESC showed a greater than 5-fold increase in the total length of neurites and number of branch points compared with controls. These findings highlight a potentially important role for TESC in mediating the neuroprotective effect of class I HDAC inhibitors. TESC may also be involved in the development of brain and neurodegenerative diseases through epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gakuya Takamatsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chiaki Katagiri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tsumuraya Tomoyuki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chigusa Shimizu-Okabe
- Department of Molecular Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan
| | - Wakako Nakamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan
| | - Mariko Nakamura-Higa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hayakawa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan
| | - Shigeo Wakabayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, 569-8686 Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kondo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chitoshi Takayama
- Department of Molecular Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan
| | - Masayuki Matsushita
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 903-0215 Okinawa, Japan.
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26
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Huang ZP, Ding Y, Chen J, Wu G, Kataoka M, Hu Y, Yang JH, Liu J, Drakos SG, Selzman CH, Kyselovic J, Qu LH, dos Remedios CG, Pu WT, Wang DZ. Long non-coding RNAs link extracellular matrix gene expression to ischemic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 112:543-554. [PMID: 27557636 PMCID: PMC5079274 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) resulting from myocardial infarction is a major cause of heart failure (HF). Recently, thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered and implicated in a variety of biological processes. However, the role of most lncRNAs in HF remains largely unknown. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that the expression and function of lncRNAs are differentially regulated in diseased hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we performed RNA deep sequencing of protein-coding and non-coding RNAs from cardiac samples of patients with ICM ( n = 15) and controls ( n = 15). Genome-wide transcriptome analysis confirmed that many protein-coding genes previously known to be involved in HF were altered in ICM hearts. Among the 145 differentially expressed lncRNAs identified in ICM hearts, we found a set of 35 lncRNAs that display strong positive expression correlation. Expression correlation coefficient analyses of differentially expressed lncRNAs and protein-coding genes revealed a strong association between lncRNAs and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein-coding genes. We overexpressed or knocked down selected lncRNAs in cardiac fibroblasts and our results suggest that lncRNAs are important regulators of fibrosis and the expression of ECM synthesis genes. Moreover, we show that lncRNAs participate in the TGF-β pathway to modulate the expression of ECM genes and myofibroblast differentiation. CONCLUSION Our studies demonstrate that the expression of many lncRNAs is dynamically regulated in ICM. lncRNAs regulate the expression and function of ECM and cardiac fibrosis during the development of ICM. Our results further indicate that lncRNAs may represent novel regulators of heart function and cardiac disorders, including ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Peng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yan Ding
- The Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, 6 Jiefang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, China
| | - Jinghai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Gengze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Masaharu Kataoka
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yongwu Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jian-Hua Yang
- RNA Information Center, Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jianming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stavros G. Drakos
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Craig H. Selzman
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Jan Kyselovic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Liang-Hu Qu
- RNA Information Center, Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | | | - William T. Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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27
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Dominguez Rieg JA, de la Mora Chavez S, Rieg T. Novel developments in differentiating the role of renal and intestinal sodium hydrogen exchanger 3. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2016; 311:R1186-R1191. [PMID: 27733387 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00372.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3) facilitates Na+ absorption and H+ secretion and is expressed in the intestine, proximal tubule, and thick ascending limb of the kidney. While the function of NHE3 for Na+ and [Formula: see text](re)absorption has been defined using conventional NHE3 knockout mice (NHE3-/-), the recent generation of conditional NHE3 knockout mice started to give critical new insight into the role of this protein by allowing for temporal and spatial control of NHE3 expression. For example, in contrast to NHE3-/- mice, knockout of NHE3 in the S1 and S2 segments of the proximal tubule or along the entire tubule/collecting duct does not cause any lethality. Nonabsorbable NHE3 inhibitors have been developed, and preclinical as well as clinical trials indicate possible pharmacological use in fluid overload, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, hyperphosphatemia, and constipation. Some of the therapeutic considerations seem to be directly related to the pharmacodynamic properties of these drugs; however, little is known about the effects of these nonabsorbable NHE3 inhibitors on intestinal phosphate transport and the mechanisms so far remain elusive. This review focuses on novel findings of NHE3 in the intestine and the kidney as well as novel drug developments targeting NHE3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Dominguez Rieg
- Department of Basic Sciences, Bastyr University California, San Diego, California.,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California; and
| | | | - Timo Rieg
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California; and .,Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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28
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Takakuwa S, Mizuno N, Takano T, Asakawa S, Sato T, Hiratsuka M, Hirasawa N. Down-regulation of Na +/H + exchanger 1 by Toll-like receptor stimulation in macrophages. Immunobiology 2016; 222:176-182. [PMID: 27771174 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The role of Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1) in various cell types, including inflammatory cells, has been extensively studied. However, regulation of NHE1 protein level in activated inflammatory cells is yet to be characterized. In this study, we investigated whether Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands can regulate NHE1 protein level in the mouse macrophage-like RAW 264 cell line. We found that lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a TLR4 ligand, lowered NHE1 level and activity in RAW 264 cells and in primary murine macrophages. Other TLR ligands, such as zymosan A and poly(I:C), also displayed reduced NHE1 level. LPS promoted NHE1 ubiquitination and reduced the expression of calcineurin homologous protein 1 (CHP1), a regulator of NHE1 activity and stability. These responses were inhibited by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 and dexamethasone. A proteasome inhibitor, but not caspase-3 or lysosomal inhibitors, blocked the LPS-induced NHE1 down-regulation. These results suggested that LPS promotes the degranulation of NHE1 mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system and CHP1 downregulation resulting from activation of JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Takakuwa
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Lifestyle Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Natsumi Mizuno
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Lifestyle Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takayuki Takano
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Lifestyle Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Sanki Asakawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Lifestyle Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Taiki Sato
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Lifestyle Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hiratsuka
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Lifestyle Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Hirasawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy of Lifestyle Related Diseases, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan.
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29
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Li X, Augustine A, Chen S, Fliegel L. Stop Codon Polymorphisms in the Human SLC9A1 Gene Disrupt or Compromise Na+/H+ Exchanger Function. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162902. [PMID: 27636896 PMCID: PMC5026351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The NHE1 isoform of the mammalian Na+/H+ exchanger is a ubiquitous plasma membrane protein that regulates intracellular pH in mammalian cells by removing one intracellular proton in exchange for one extracellular sodium. Deletion of the NHE1 gene (SLC9A1) affects the growth and motor ability of mice and humans but mutations and polymorphisms of the gene are only beginning to be characterized. NHE1 has a cytosolic C-terminal regulatory tail of approximately 315 amino acids and a 500 amino acid membrane domain. We examined the functional effects of three human stop codon mutations at amino acids 321, 449 and 735 in comparison with a mutant that had a shortened tail region (543 stop codon). The short mutants, 321, 449 and 543 stop codon mutant proteins, lost NHE1 activity and expression, and did not target to the plasma membrane. Protein for these short mutants was more rapidly degraded than the wild type and 735 ending proteins. The 735 terminating mutant, with the membrane domain and much of the cytosolic tail, had reduced protein expression and activity. The results demonstrate that early stop codon polymorphisms have significant and deleterious effects on the activity of the SLC9A1 protein product. The 735-NHE1 mutant, without the last 80 amino acids, had more minor defects. Surprisingly, retention of a proximal 43 amino acids adjacent to the membrane domain did little to maintain NHE1 expression, targeting and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuju Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Aruna Augustine
- Department of Biochemistry, University Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, University Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Larry Fliegel
- Department of Biochemistry, University Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Kolobynina KG, Solovyova VV, Levay K, Rizvanov AA, Slepak VZ. Emerging roles of the single EF-hand Ca2+ sensor tescalcin in the regulation of gene expression, cell growth and differentiation. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:3533-3540. [PMID: 27609838 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.191486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tescalcin (TESC, also known as calcineurin-homologous protein 3, CHP3) is a 24-kDa EF-hand Ca2+-binding protein that has recently emerged as a regulator of cell differentiation and growth. The TESC gene has also been linked to human brain abnormalities, and high expression of tescalcin has been found in several cancers. The expression level of tescalcin changes dramatically during development and upon signal-induced cell differentiation. Recent studies have shown that tescalcin is not only subjected to up- or down-regulation, but also has an active role in pathways that drive cell growth and differentiation programs. At the molecular level, there is compelling experimental evidence showing that tescalcin can directly interact with and regulate the activities of the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1, subunit 4 of the COP9 signalosome (CSN4) and protein kinase glycogen-synthase kinase 3 (GSK3). In hematopoetic precursor cells, tescalcin has been shown to couple activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade to the expression of transcription factors that control cell differentiation. The purpose of this Commentary is to summarize recent efforts that have served to characterize the biochemical, genetic and physiological attributes of tescalcin, and its unique role in the regulation of various cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia G Kolobynina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420000, Russian Federation
| | - Valeria V Solovyova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420000, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin Levay
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420000, Russian Federation
| | - Vladlen Z Slepak
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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The Emerging Roles of the Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Lymphocytes Pathway in Nervous System Functions and Diseases. J Aging Res 2016; 2016:5081021. [PMID: 27597899 PMCID: PMC5002468 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5081021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing epidemics of metabolic diseases and increase in the older population have increased the incidences of neurodegenerative diseases. Evidence from murine and cell line models has implicated calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T-lymphocytes (NFAT) signaling pathway, a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent major proinflammatory pathway, in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Neurotoxins such as amyloid-β, tau protein, and α-synuclein trigger abnormal calcineurin/NFAT signaling activities. Additionally increased activities of endogenous regulators of calcineurin like plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) and regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) also cause neuronal and glial loss and related functional alterations, in neurodegenerative diseases, psychotic disorders, epilepsy, and traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Treatment with calcineurin/NFAT inhibitors induces some degree of neuroprotection and decreased reactive gliosis in the central and peripheral nervous system. In this paper, we summarize and discuss the current understanding of the roles of calcineurin/NFAT signaling in physiology and pathologies of the adult and developing nervous system, with an emphasis on recent reports and cutting-edge findings. Calcineurin/NFAT signaling is known for its critical roles in the developing and adult nervous system. Its role in physiological and pathological processes is still controversial. However, available data suggest that its beneficial and detrimental effects are context-dependent. In view of recent reports calcineurin/NFAT signaling is likely to serve as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases and conditions. This review further highlights the need to characterize better all factors determining the outcome of calcineurin/NFAT signaling in diseases and the downstream targets mediating the beneficial and detrimental effects.
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NHE9 induces chemoradiotherapy resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating the Src/Akt/β-catenin pathway and Bcl-2 expression. Oncotarget 2016; 6:12405-20. [PMID: 25915159 PMCID: PMC4494947 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we found that NHE9 mRNA was upregulated in chemoradiotherapy (CRT)-resistant esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, the underlying mechanisms were unclear. Here, we aimed to clarify the functional contribution of NHE9 to CRT resistance, understand the molecular basis of NHE9-dependent resistance in ESCC, and identify potential therapeutic targets. Our results showed that NHE9 prevented CRT-induced apoptosis. Importantly, we found that RACK1 is a novel binding partner of NHE9 and that NHE9-dependent induction of CRT resistance requires the activation of RACK1-associated Src/Akt/β-catenin signaling. Moreover, upregulated Bcl-2 protein was also observed in cells exhibiting NHE9-induced CRT resistance. A higher NHE9 level was associated with a poor response to CRT and less decrease in T and N stage in ESCC patients. Furthermore, combining either Dasatinib or ABT-737 with CRT significantly reduced tumor volume, and the response to CRT was restored when these inhibitors were used together with CRT in a xenograft nude mouse model with NHE9 overexpression. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that NHE9 can be an effective predictor of CRT response and may be useful in the development of targeted therapies for CRT-resistant ESCC.
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Allman E, Wang Q, Walker RL, Austen M, Peters MA, Nehrke K. Calcineurin homologous proteins regulate the membrane localization and activity of sodium/proton exchangers in C. elegans. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 310:C233-42. [PMID: 26561640 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00291.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcineurin B homologous proteins (CHP) are N-myristoylated, EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding proteins that bind to and regulate Na(+)/H(+) exchangers, which occurs through a variety of mechanisms whose relative significance is incompletely understood. Like mammals, Caenorhabditis elegans has three CHP paralogs, but unlike mammals, worms can survive CHP loss-of-function. However, mutants for the CHP ortholog PBO-1 are unfit, and PBO-1 has been shown to be required for proton signaling by the basolateral Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHX-7 and for proton-coupled intestinal nutrient uptake by the apical Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHX-2. Here, we have used this genetic model organism to interrogate PBO-1's mechanism of action. Using fluorescent tags to monitor Na(+)/H(+) exchanger trafficking and localization, we found that loss of either PBO-1 binding or activity caused NHX-7 to accumulate in late endosomes/lysosomes. In contrast, NHX-2 was stabilized at the apical membrane by a nonfunctional PBO-1 protein and was only internalized following its complete loss. Additionally, two pbo-1 paralogs were identified, and their expression patterns were analyzed. One of these contributed to the function of the excretory cell, which acts like a kidney in worms, establishing an alternative model for testing the role of this protein in membrane transporter trafficking and regulation. These results lead us to conclude that the role of CHP in Na(+)/H(+) exchanger regulation differs between apical and basolateral transporters. This further emphasizes the importance of proper targeting of Na(+)/H(+) exchangers and the critical role of CHP family proteins in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Allman
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology and Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Qian Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology and Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Rachel L Walker
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology and Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Molly Austen
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology and Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | | | - Keith Nehrke
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology and Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York;
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Babich V, Di Sole F. The Na+/H+ Exchanger-3 (NHE3) Activity Requires Ezrin Binding to Phosphoinositide and Its Phosphorylation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129306. [PMID: 26042733 PMCID: PMC4455992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Na+/H+ exchanger-3 (NHE3) plays an essential role in maintaining sodium and fluid homeostasis in the intestine and kidney epithelium. Thus, NHE3 is highly regulated and its function depends on binding to multiple regulatory proteins. Ezrin complexed with NHE3 affects its activity via not well-defined mechanisms. This study investigates mechanisms by which ezrin regulates NHE3 activity in epithelial Opossum Kidney cells. Ezrin is activated sequentially by phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) binding and phosphorylation of threonine 567. Expression of ezrin lacking PIP2 binding sites inhibited NHE3 activity (-40%) indicating that ezrin binding to PIP2 is required for preserving NHE3 activity. Expression of a phosphomimetic ezrin mutated at the PIP2 binding region was sufficient not only to reverse NHE3 activity to control levels but also to increase its activity (+80%) similar to that of the expression of ezrin carrying the phosphomimetic mutation alone. Calcineurin Homologous Protein-1 (CHP1) is part, with ezrin, of the NHE3 regulatory complex. CHP1-mediated activation of NHE3 activity was blocked by expression of an ezrin variant that could not be phosphorylated but not by an ezrin variant unable to bind PIP2. Thus, for NHE3 activity under baseline conditions not only ezrin phosphorylation, but also ezrin spatial-temporal targeting on the plasma membrane via PIP2 binding is required; however, phosphorylation of ezrin appears to overcome the control of NHE3 transport. CHP1 action on NHE3 activity is not contingent on ezrin binding to PIP2 but rather on ezrin phosphorylation. These findings are important in understanding the interrelation and dynamics of a CHP1-ezrin-NHE3 regulatory complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Babich
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Francesca Di Sole
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Des Moines University, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Nicolao MC, Cumino AC. Biochemical and molecular characterization of the calcineurin in Echinococcus granulosus larval stages. Acta Trop 2015; 146:141-51. [PMID: 25818323 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin (CaN) is a Ca(2+)-calmodulin activated serine-threonine protein phosphatase that couples the local or global calcium signals, thus controlling important cellular functions in physiological and developmental processes. The aim of this study was to characterize CaN in Echinococcus granulosus (Eg-CaN), a human cestode parasite of clinical importance, both functionally and molecularly. We found that the catalytic subunit isoforms have predicted sequences of 613 and 557 amino acids and are substantially similar to those of the human counterpart, except for the C-terminal end. We also found that the regulatory subunit consists of 169 amino acids which are 87% identical to the human ortholog. We cloned a cDNA encoding for one of the two catalytic subunit isoforms of CaN (Eg-can-A1) as well as the only copy of the Eg-can-B gene, both constitutively transcribed in all Echinococcus larval stages and responsible for generating a functionally active heterodimer. Eg-CaN native enzyme has phosphatase activity, which is enhanced by Ca(2+)/Ni(2+) and reduced by cyclosporine A and Ca(2+) chelators. Participation of Eg-CaN in exocytosis was demonstrated using the FM4-64 probe and Eg-CaN-A was immunolocalized in the cytoplasm of tegumental cells, suckers and excretory bladder of protoscoleces. We also showed that the Eg-can-B transcripts were down-regulated in response to low Ca(2+) intracellular level, in agreement with decreased enzyme activity. Confocal microscopy revealed a striking pattern of Eg-CaN-A in discrete fluorescent spots in the protoscolex posterior bladder and vesicularized protoscoleces beginning the vesicular differentiation. In contrast, Eg-CaN-A was undetectable during the pre-microcyst closing stage while a high DDX-like RNA helicase expression was evidenced. Finally, we identified and analyzed the expression of CaN-related endogenous regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Celeste Nicolao
- Laboratorio de Zoonosis Parasitarias, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Funes 3350, Nivel Cero, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Andrea C Cumino
- Laboratorio de Zoonosis Parasitarias, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Funes 3350, Nivel Cero, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Funes 3350, Nivel 2, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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Kobayashi S, Nakamura TY, Wakabayashi S. Calcineurin B homologous protein 3 negatively regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 phosphorylation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 84:133-42. [PMID: 25935310 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a leading cause of serious heart diseases. Although many signaling molecules are involved in hypertrophy, the functions of some proteins in this process are still unknown. Calcineurin B homologous protein 3 (CHP3)/tescalcin is an EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding protein that is abundantly expressed in the heart; however, the function of CHP3 is unclear. Here, we aimed to identify the cardiac functions of CHP3. CHP3 was expressed in hearts at a wide range of developmental stages and was specifically detected in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) but not in cardiac fibroblasts in culture. Moreover, knockdown of CHP3 expression using adenoviral-based RNA interference in NRVMs resulted in enlargement of cardiomyocyte size, concomitant with increased expression of a pathological hypertrophy marker ANP. This same treatment elevated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3α/β) phosphorylation, which is known to inhibit GSK3 function. In contrast, CHP3 overexpression blocked the insulin-induced phosphorylation of GSK3α/β without affecting the phosphorylation of Akt, which is an upstream kinase of GSK3α/β, in HEK293 cells, and it inhibited both IGF-1-induced phosphorylation of GSK3β and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in NRVMs. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that GSK3β interacted with CHP3. However, a Ca(2+)-binding-defective mutation of CHP3 (CHP3-D123A) also interacted with GSK3β and had the same inhibitory effect on GSK3α/β phosphorylation, suggesting that the action of CHP3 was independent of Ca(2+). These findings suggest that CHP3 functions as a novel negative regulator of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via inhibition of GSK3α/β phosphorylation and subsequent enzymatic activation of GSK3α/β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soushi Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Tomoe Y Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Shigeo Wakabayashi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishirodai 5-7-1, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan.
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Levay K, Slepak VZ. Regulation of Cop9 signalosome activity by the EF-hand Ca2+-binding protein tescalcin. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:2448-59. [PMID: 24659803 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.139592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ca(2+)-binding protein tescalcin is known to be involved in hematopoietic cell differentiation; however, this mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we identify CSN4 (subunit 4 of the COP9 signalosome) as a novel binding partner of tescalcin. The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a multiprotein complex that is essential for development in all eukaryotes. This interaction is selective, Ca(2+)-dependent and involves the PCI domain of CSN4 subunit. We then investigated tescalcin and CSN activity in human erythroleukemia HEL and promyelocytic leukemia K562 cells and find that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced differentiation, resulting in the upregulation of tescalcin, coincides with reduced deneddylation of cullin-1 (Cul1) and stabilization of p27(Kip1) - molecular events that are associated with CSN activity. The knockdown of tescalcin led to an increase in Cul1 deneddylation, expression of F-box protein Skp2 and the transcription factor c-Jun, whereas the levels of cell cycle regulators p27(Kip1) and p53 decreased. These effects are consistent with the hypothesis that tescalcin might play a role as a negative regulator of CSN activity towards Cul1 in the process of induced cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Levay
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Vladlen Z Slepak
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Torac E, Gaman L, Atanasiu V. The regulator of calcineurin (RCAN1) an important factor involved in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases development. J Med Life 2014; 7:481-7. [PMID: 25713607 PMCID: PMC4316123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, one of the main causes of cardiovascular diseases, is a complex process that involves manifold factors. Besides the vascular lipids accumulation, inflammatory factors could be considered as a proatherogenic factor - RCAN1. RCAN1 is a regulator of calcineurin, both of them being calcium dependent proteins. Recent studies have shown that RCAN1 has an important role in heart valve development. In the same time researchers found that, the atherosclerotic plaques have an up-regulated RCAN1 gene expression. In the near future, it is desirable to elucidate the RCAN1 function and classify it as a possible biochemical marker to diagnose infancy atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Torac
- Biochemistry Department, ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - L Gaman
- Biochemistry Department, ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - V Atanasiu
- Biochemistry Department, ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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CHP1-mediated NHE1 biosynthetic maturation is required for Purkinje cell axon homeostasis. J Neurosci 2013; 33:12656-69. [PMID: 23904602 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0406-13.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Axon degeneration is a critical pathological feature of many neurodegenerative diseases. Misregulation of local axonal ion homeostasis has been recognized as an important yet understudied mechanism for axon degeneration. Here we report a chemically induced, recessive mouse mutation, vacillator (vac), which causes ataxia and concomitant axon degeneration of cerebellar Purkinje cells. By positional cloning, we identified vac as a point mutation in the calcineurin-like EF hand protein 1 (Chp1) gene that resulted in the production of mutant CHP1 isoforms with an amino acid substitution in a functional EF-hand domain or a truncation of this motif by aberrant splicing and significantly reduced protein levels. CHP1 has been previously shown to interact with the sodium hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE1), a major regulator of intracellular pH. We demonstrated that CHP1 assists in the full glycosylation of NHE1 that is necessary for the membrane localization of this transporter and that truncated isoforms of CHP1 were defective in stimulating NHE1 biosynthetic maturation. Consistent with this, membrane localization of NHE1 at axon terminals was greatly reduced in Chp1-deficient Purkinje cells before axon degeneration. Furthermore, genetic ablation of Nhe1 also resulted in Purkinje cell axon degeneration, pinpointing the functional convergence of the two proteins. Our findings clearly demonstrate that the polarized presynaptic localization of NHE/CHP1 is an important feature of neuronal axons and that selective disruption of NHE1-mediated proton homeostasis in axons can lead to degeneration, suggesting that local regulation of pH is pivotal for axon survival.
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Babich V, Vadnagara K, Di Sole F. The biophysical and molecular basis of intracellular pH sensing by Na+/H+ exchanger-3. FASEB J 2013; 27:4646-58. [PMID: 23934281 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-225466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial Na(+)/H(+) exchanger-3 (NHE3) transport is fundamental for renal and intestinal sodium reabsorption. Cytoplasmic protons are thought to serve as allosteric modifiers of the exchanger and to trigger its transport through protein conformational change. This effect presupposes an intracellular pH (pHi) dependence of NHE3 activity, although the biophysical and molecular basis of NHE3 pHi sensitivity have not been defined. NHE3, when complexed with the calcineurin homologous protein-1 (CHP1), had a shift in pHi sensitivity (0.4 units) toward the acidic side in comparison with NHE3 alone, as measured by oscillating pH electrodes combined with whole-cell patch clamping. Indeed, CHP1 interaction with NHE3 inhibited NHE3 transport in a pHi -dependent manner. CHP1 binding to NHE3 also affected its acute regulation. Intracellular perfusion of peptide from the CHP1 binding region (or pHi modification to reduce the CHP1 amount bound to NHE3) was permissive and cooperative for dopamine inhibition of NHE3 but reversed that of adenosine. Thus, CHP1 interaction with NHE3 apparently establishes the exchanger set point for pHi, and modification in this set point is effective in the hormonal stimuli-mediated regulation of NHE3. CHP1 may serve as a regulatory cofactor for NHE3 conformational change, dependent on intracellular protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Babich
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, HSFII, Suite S005, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Zhou C, Fitzharris G, Alper SL, Baltz JM. Na+/H+exchange is inactivated during mouse oocyte meiosis, facilitating glycine accumulation that maintains embryo cell volume. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:2042-53. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seth L. Alper
- Renal Division and Molecular and Vascular Medicine Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston; Massachusetts
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42
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Provost JJ, Wallert MA. Inside out: targeting NHE1 as an intracellular and extracellular regulator of cancer progression. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 81:85-101. [PMID: 23253131 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform one is a critical regulator of intracellular pH, serves as an anchor for the formation of cytoplasmic signaling complexes, and modulates cytoskeletal organization. There is a growing interest in the potential for sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform one as a therapeutic target against cancer. Sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform one transport drives formation of membrane protrusions essential for cell migration and contributes to the establishment of a tumor microenvironment that leads to the rearrangement of the extracellular matrix further supporting tumor progression. Here, we focus on the potential impact that an inexpensive, $100 genome would have in identifying prospective therapeutic targets to treat tumors based upon changes in gene expression and variation of sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform one regulators. In particular, we will focus on the ezrin, radixin, moesin family proteins, calcineurin B homologous proteins, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling, and phosphoinositide signaling as they relate to the regulation of sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform one in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Provost
- Center for Biopharmaceutical Research and Production, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
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Regulation of the cardiac Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger in health and disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 61:68-76. [PMID: 23429007 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Na(+) gradient produced across the cardiac sarcolemma by the ATP-dependent Na(+)-pump is a constant source of energy for Na(+)-dependent transporters. The plasma membrane Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE) is one such secondary active transporter, regulating intracellular pH, Na(+) concentration, and cell volume. NHE1, the major isoform found in the heart, is activated in response to a variety of stimuli such as hormones and mechanical stress. This important characteristic of NHE1 is intimately linked to heart diseases, including maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy and subsequent heart failure, as well as acute ischemic-reperfusion injury. NHE1 activation results in elevation of pH and intracellular Na(+) concentration, which potentially enhance downstream signaling cascades in the myocardium. Therefore, in addition to determining the mechanism underlying regulation of NHE1 activity, it is important to understand how the ionic signal produced by NHE1 is transmitted to the downstream targets. Extensive studies have identified many accessory factors that interact with NHE1. Here, we have summarized the recent progress on understanding the molecular mechanism underlying NHE1 regulation and have shown a possible signaling pathway leading to cardiac remodeling, which is initiated from NHE1. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Na(+) Regulation in Cardiac Myocytes".
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Zaun HC, Shrier A, Orlowski J. N-myristoylation and Ca2+ binding of calcineurin B homologous protein CHP3 are required to enhance Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1 half-life and activity at the plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:36883-95. [PMID: 22984264 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.394700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin B homologous proteins (CHP) are N-myristoylated, EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding proteins that regulate multiple cellular processes, including intracellular pH homeostasis. Previous work has shown that the heart-enriched isoform, CHP3, regulates the plasmalemmal Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHE1 isoform by enhancing its rate of oligosaccharide maturation and exocytosis as well as its half-life and transport activity at the cell surface (Zaun, H. C., Shrier, A., and Orlowski, J. (2008) J. Biol. Chem. 283, 12456-12467). However, the molecular basis for this effect is not well understood. In this report, we investigated whether the N-myristoylation and Ca(2+)-binding domains of CHP3 are important elements for regulating NHE1. Mutation of residues essential for either N-myristoylation (G2A) or calcium binding (D123A) did not prevent the interaction of CHP3 with NHE1, although the D123A mutant no longer showed elevated binding to NHE1 in the presence of Ca(2+) when assessed using in vitro binding assays. Disruption of either site also did not impair the ability of CHP3 to stimulate the biosynthetic processing and trafficking of NHE1 to the plasma membrane nor did it affect the H(+) sensitivity of the exchanger. However, they did significantly reduce the cell surface half-life and near maximal transport velocity of NHE1 to a similar extent. Simultaneous mutation of both sites (G2A/D123A) gave results identical to the individual substitutions. This finding suggests that both domains in CHP3 are interdependent and may function cooperatively as a Ca(2+)-myristoyl switch mechanism to selectively stabilize the NHE1·CHP3 complex at the cell surface in a conformation that promotes optimal transport activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans C Zaun
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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