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Kumar P, Bharti VK, Kumar K. Effect of short-term exposure to high-altitude hypoxic climate on feed-intake, blood glucose level and physiological responses of native and non-native goat. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024; 68:795-806. [PMID: 38374293 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The exposure to high altitude and cold stress poses challenges in maintaining normal physiological standards and body homeostasis in non-native animals. To enhance our understanding of the physiology of native and non-native goats in high-altitude environments, we conducted a comparative study to examine the impact of natural hypoxic and cold stress conditions on their feed intake (FIT) and associated changes in physiological responses, including plasma glucose concentration (PGC). The study took place at an altitude of 3505.2 m above mean sea level and involved twenty-two healthy females from two different breeds of goats. This study was conducted over a period of 56 days after the arrival of non-native Black Bengal goats (BBN) and compared with native Changthangi (CHAN) goats. Both groups were extensively reared in a natural high-altitude and cold-stress environment in Leh, India, and were subjected to defined housing and management practices. The parameters evaluated included FIT, PGC, respiration rate, heart rate, pulse rate, and rectal temperature. High altitudes had a significant (p < 0.05) impact on FIT, PGC, respiration rate, heart rate, pulse rate, and rectal temperature in BBN, whereas these parameters remained stable in CHAN throughout the study period. Additionally, the detrimental effects of high-altitude stress were more pronounced in non-native goats compared to native goats. These findings suggest that physiological responses in non-native goats tend to stabilize after an initial period of adverse effects in high-altitude environments. Based on the physiological responses and glucose concentration, it is recommended to pay special attention to the nutrition of non-native goats for up to the third week (21 days) after their arrival in high-altitude areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar
- DRDO-Defence Institute of High-Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh, Ladakh UT, India.
- Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS), Patna, Bihar, India.
| | - Vijay K Bharti
- DRDO-Defence Institute of High-Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh, Ladakh UT, India.
| | - Krishna Kumar
- DRDO-Defence Institute of High-Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh, Ladakh UT, India
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Li X, Zhang J, Liu G, Wu G, Wang R, Zhang J. High altitude hypoxia and oxidative stress: The new hope brought by free radical scavengers. Life Sci 2024; 336:122319. [PMID: 38035993 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Various strategies can be employed to prevent and manage altitude illnesses, including habituation, oxygenation, nutritional support, and medication. Nevertheless, the utilization of drugs for the prevention and treatment of hypoxia is accompanied by certain adverse effects. Consequently, the quest for medications that exhibit minimal side effects while demonstrating high efficacy remains a prominent area of research. In this context, it is noteworthy that free radical scavengers exhibit remarkable anti-hypoxia activity. These scavengers effectively eliminate excessive free radicals and mitigate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby safeguarding the body against oxidative damage induced by plateau hypoxia. In this review, we aim to elucidate the pathogenesis of plateau diseases that are triggered by hypoxia-induced oxidative stress at high altitudes. Additionally, we present a range of free radical scavengers as potential therapeutic and preventive approaches to mitigate the occurrence of common diseases associated with hypoxia at high altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Juanhong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Guoan Liu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Guofan Wu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Remediation of Plateau Environmental Damage, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of CPLA, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Kim K, Cort TA, Kunz EM, Moerschel J, Palzkill VR, Dong G, Moparthy CN, Anderson EM, Fazzone B, O'Malley KA, Robinson ST, Berceli SA, Ryan TE, Scali ST. N-acetylcysteine treatment attenuates hemodialysis access-related limb pathophysiology in mice with chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F271-F282. [PMID: 37439200 PMCID: PMC10511162 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00083.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine if treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could reduce access-related limb dysfunction in mice. Male and female C57BL6J mice were fed an adenine-supplemented diet to induce chronic kidney disease (CKD) prior to the surgical creation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in the iliac vascular bundle. AVF creation significantly increased peak aortic and infrarenal vena cava blood flow velocities, but NAC treatment had no significant impact, indicating that fistula maturation was not impacted by NAC treatment. Hindlimb muscle and paw perfusion recovery and muscle capillary density in the AVF limb were unaffected by NAC treatment. However, NAC treatment significantly increased the mass of the tibialis anterior (P = 0.0120) and soleus (P = 0.0452) muscles post-AVF. There was a significant main effect of NAC treatment on hindlimb grip strength at postoperative day 12 (POD 12) (P = 0.0003), driven by significantly higher grip strength in both male (P = 0.0273) and female (P = 0.0031) mice treated with NAC. There was also a significant main effect of NAC treatment on the walking speed at postoperative day 12 (P = 0.0447), and post hoc testing revealed an improvement in NAC-treated male mice (P = 0.0091). The area of postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors (P = 0.0263) and motor endplates (P = 0.0240) was also increased by NAC treatment. Interestingly, hindlimb skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation trended higher in NAC-treated female mice but was not statistically significant (P = 0.0973). Muscle glutathione levels and redox status were not significantly impacted by NAC treatment in either sex. In summary, NAC treatment attenuated some aspects of neuromotor pathology in mice with chronic kidney disease following AVF creation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Hemodialysis via autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred first-line modality for renal replacement therapy in patients with end-stage kidney disease. However, patients undergoing AVF surgery frequently experience a spectrum of hand disability symptoms postsurgery including weakness and neuromotor dysfunction. Unfortunately, no treatment is currently available to prevent or mitigate these symptoms. Here, we provide evidence that daily N-acetylcysteine supplementation can attenuate some aspects of limb neuromotor function in a preclinical mouse model of AVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungrae Kim
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Tomas A Cort
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Eric M Kunz
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Jack Moerschel
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Victoria R Palzkill
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Gengfu Dong
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Chatick N Moparthy
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Erik M Anderson
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Malcom Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Brian Fazzone
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Malcom Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Kerri A O'Malley
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Malcom Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Scott T Robinson
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Malcom Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Scott A Berceli
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Malcom Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Terence E Ryan
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Salvatore T Scali
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Malcom Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
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Osuru HP, Lavallee M, Thiele RH. Molecular and Cellular Response of the Myocardium (H9C2 Cells) Towards Hypoxia and HIF-1α Inhibition. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:711421. [PMID: 35928940 PMCID: PMC9343679 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.711421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative phosphorylation is an essential feature of Animalian life. Multiple adaptations have developed to protect against hypoxia, including hypoxia-inducible-factors (HIFs). The major role of HIFs may be in protecting against oxidative stress, not the preservation of high-energy phosphates. The precise mechanism(s) of HIF protection is not completely understood. Materials and Methods To better understand the role of hypoxia-inducible-factor-1, we exposed heart/myocardium cells (H9c2) to both normoxia and hypoxia, as well as cobalt chloride (prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor), echniomycin (HIF inhibitor), A2P (anti-oxidant), and small interfering RNA to beclin-1. We measured cell viability, intracellular calcium and adenosine triphosphate, NADP/NADPH ratios, total intracellular reactive oxidative species levels, and markers of oxidative and antioxidant levels measured. Results Hypoxia (1%) leads to increased intracellular Ca2+ levels, and this response was inhibited by A2P and echinomycin (ECM). Exposure of H9c2 cells to hypoxia also led to an increase in both mRNA and protein expression for Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3. Exposure of H9c2 cells to hypoxia led to a decrease in intracellular ATP levels and a sharp reduction in total ROS, SOD, and CAT levels. The impact of hypoxia on ROS was reversed with HIF-1 inhibition through ECM. Exposure of H9c2 cells to hypoxia led to an increase in Hif1a, VEGF and EPO protein expression, as well as a decrease in mitochondrial DNA. Both A2P and ECM attenuated this response to varying degrees. Conclusion Hypoxia leads to increased intracellular Ca2+, and inhibition of HIF-1 attenuates the increase in intracellular Ca2+ that occurs with hypoxia. HIF-1 expression leads to decreased adenosine triphosphate levels, but the role of HIF-1 on the production of reactive oxidative species remains uncertain. Anti-oxidants decrease HIF-1 expression in the setting of hypoxia and attenuate the increase in Ca2+ that occurs during hypoxia (with no effect during normoxia). Beclin-1 appears to drive autophagy in the setting of hypoxia (through ATG5) but not in normoxia. Additionally, Beclin-1 is a powerful driver of reactive oxidative species production and plays a role in ATP production. HIF-1 inhibition does not affect autophagy in the setting of hypoxia, suggesting that there are other drivers of autophagy that impact beclin-1.
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Dyer SE, Remer JD, Hannifin KE, Hombal A, Wenke JC, Walters TJ, Christ GJ. Administration of particulate oxygen generators improves skeletal muscle contractile function after ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat hindlimb. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:541-552. [PMID: 34989649 PMCID: PMC8836730 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00259.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Extended tourniquet application, often associated with battlefield extremity trauma, can lead to severe ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in skeletal muscle. Particulate oxygen generators (POGs) can be directly injected into tissue to supply oxygen to attenuate the effects of I/R injury in muscle. The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a sodium percarbonate (SPO)-based POG formulation in reducing ischemic damage in a rat hindlimb during tourniquet application. Male Lewis rats were anesthetized and underwent tourniquet application for 3 h at a pressure of 300 mmHg. Shortly after tourniquet inflation, animals received intramuscular injections of either 0.2 mg/mL SPO with catalase (n = 6) or 2.0 mg/mL SPO with catalase (n = 6) directly into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. An additional Tourniquet-Only group (n = 12) received no intervention. Functional recovery was monitored by in vivo contractile testing of the hindlimb at 1, 2, and 4 wk after injury. By the 4 wk time point, the Low-Dose POG group continued to show improved functional recovery (85% of baseline) compared with the Tourniquet-Only (48%) and High-Dose POG (56%) groups. In short, the low-dose POG formulation appeared, at least in part, to mitigate the impact of ischemic tissue injury, thus improving contractile function after tourniquet application. Functional improvement correlated with maintenance of larger muscle fiber cross-sectional area and the presence of fewer fibers containing centrally located nuclei. As such, POGs represent a potentially attractive therapeutic solution for addressing I/R injuries associated with extremity trauma.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Skeletal muscle contraction was evaluated in the same animals at multiple time points up to 4 wk after injury, following administration of particulate oxygen generators (POGs) in a clinically relevant rat hindlimb model of tourniquet-induced ischemia. The observed POG-mediated improvement of muscle function over time confirms and extends previous studies to further document the potential clinical applications of POGs. Of particular significance in austere environments, this technology can be applied in the absence of an intact circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Dyer
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - J. David Remer
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kelsey E. Hannifin
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Aishwarya Hombal
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Joseph C. Wenke
- 2US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | | | - George J. Christ
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia,3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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Rathor R, Suryakumar G, Singh SN. Diet and redox state in maintaining skeletal muscle health and performance at high altitude. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 174:305-320. [PMID: 34352371 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
High altitude exposure leads to compromised physical performance with considerable weight loss. The major stressor at high altitude is hypobaric hypoxia which leads to disturbance in redox homeostasis. Oxidative stress is a well-known trigger for many high altitude illnesses and regulates several key signaling pathways under stressful conditions. Altered redox homeostasis is considered the prime culprit of high altitude linked skeletal muscle atrophy. Hypobaric hypoxia disturbs redox homeostasis through increased RONS production and compromised antioxidant system. Increased RONS disturbs the cellular homeostasis via multiple ways such as inflammation generation, altered protein anabolic pathways, redox remodeling of RyR1 that contributed to dysregulated calcium homeostasis, enhanced protein degradation pathways via activation calcium-regulated protein, calpain, and apoptosis. Ultimately, all the cellular signaling pathways aggregately result in skeletal muscle atrophy. Dietary supplementation of phytochemicals could become a safe and effective intervention to ameliorate skeletal muscle atrophy and enhance the physical performance of the personnel who are staying at high altitude regions. The present evidence-based review explores few dietary supplementations which regulate several signaling mechanisms and ameliorate hypobaric hypoxia induced muscle atrophy and enhances physical performance. However, a clinical research trial is required to establish proof-of-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India.
| | - Geetha Suryakumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Som Nath Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
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Nguyen TH, Conotte S, Belayew A, Declèves AE, Legrand A, Tassin A. Hypoxia and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Signaling in Muscular Dystrophies: Cause and Consequences. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7220. [PMID: 34281273 PMCID: PMC8269128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a group of inherited degenerative muscle disorders characterized by a progressive skeletal muscle wasting. Respiratory impairments and subsequent hypoxemia are encountered in a significant subgroup of patients in almost all MD forms. In response to hypoxic stress, compensatory mechanisms are activated especially through Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 α (HIF-1α). In healthy muscle, hypoxia and HIF-1α activation are known to affect oxidative stress balance and metabolism. Recent evidence has also highlighted HIF-1α as a regulator of myogenesis and satellite cell function. However, the impact of HIF-1α pathway modifications in MDs remains to be investigated. Multifactorial pathological mechanisms could lead to HIF-1α activation in patient skeletal muscles. In addition to the genetic defect per se, respiratory failure or blood vessel alterations could modify hypoxia response pathways. Here, we will discuss the current knowledge about the hypoxia response pathway alterations in MDs and address whether such changes could influence MD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy-Hang Nguyen
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (T.-H.N.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Stephanie Conotte
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (T.-H.N.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Alexandra Belayew
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (T.-H.N.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Anne-Emilie Declèves
- Department of Metabolic and Molecular Biochemistry, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium;
| | - Alexandre Legrand
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (T.-H.N.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Alexandra Tassin
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (T.-H.N.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
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Gaur P, Prasad S, Kumar B, Sharma SK, Vats P. High-altitude hypoxia induced reactive oxygen species generation, signaling, and mitigation approaches. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2021; 65:601-615. [PMID: 33156424 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-020-02037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Homeostasis between pro-oxidants and anti-oxidants is necessary for aerobic life, which if perturbed and shifted towards pro-oxidants results in oxidative stress. It is generally agreed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is accelerated with mountainous elevation, which may play a role in spawning serious health crisis. Exposure to increasing terrestrial altitude leads to a reduction in ambient O2 availability in cells producing a series of hypoxic oxidative stress reactions and altering the redox balance in humans. Enormous literature on redox signaling drove research activity towards understanding the role of oxidative stress under normal and challenging conditions like high-altitude hypoxia which grounds for disturbed redox signaling. Excessive ROS production and accumulation of free radicals in cells and tissues can cause various pulmonary, cardiovascular, and metabolic pathophysiological conditions. In order to counteract this oxidative stress and maintain the balance of pro-oxidants and anti-oxidants, an anti-oxidant system exists in the human body, which, however, gets surpassed by elevated ROS levels, but can be strengthened through the use of anti-oxidant supplements. Such cumulative studies of fundamentals on a global concept like oxidative stress and role of anti-oxidants can act as a foundation to further smoothen for researchers to study over health, disease, and other pathophysiological conditions. This review highlights the interconnection between high altitude and oxidative stress and the role of anti-oxidants to protect cells from oxidative damages and to lower the risk of altitude-associated sickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Gaur
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054,, India
| | - Suchita Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007,, India
| | - Bhuvnesh Kumar
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054,, India
| | - Sunil K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007,, India.
| | - Praveen Vats
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054,, India.
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Biuomy AR, Oraby FSH, Khalifa EA, El-Sherif HA, Hussein J, Abdel-Latif Y. Hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in high altitude population: impact of coenzyme Q10 supplementation. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 18:621-626. [PMID: 34592077 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on oxidative stress engendered from hypoxia in population live at high altitude. METHODS This is an intervention study in which 50 females of volunteers population-36 of them who live at high altitude compared with the placebo group (14 from the total population that live at sea level). Blood samples were collected in -anticoagulant tubes from control and high altitude before and after CoQ10 supplementation (150 mg/day for 2, 4 and 8 weeks). Plasma was separated and used for the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), paraoxonase (PON1) by spectrophotometer, CoQ10 and vitamin E by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Our results appeared that TAC, PON1, vitamin E and CoQ10 concentrations were significantly decreased in population at high altitude at base line compared to placebo group population at sea level. Whereas, administration of CoQ10 attenuated all measured parameters especially after eight weeks of administration. CONCLUSION We concluded that coenzyme Q10 supplement at a dose of 150 mg/day has a powerful effect in oxidative stress parameters and increased antioxidant parameters included vitamin E in population with hypoxia after 4 and 8 weeks. So that supplementation positively affects oxidative stress and is recommended CoQ10 supplementation in population who live at high altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman R Biuomy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fatma S H Oraby
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman A Khalifa
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Parasitology Department, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hanaa A El-Sherif
- Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jihan Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Abdel-Latif
- Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 6th October, Giza, Egypt
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10
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Çolak R, Ağaşcıoğlu E, Çakatay U. "Live High Train Low" Hypoxic Training Enhances Exercise Performance with Efficient Redox Homeostasis in Rats' Soleus Muscle. High Alt Med Biol 2020; 22:77-86. [PMID: 32960081 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2020.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Çolak, Rıdvan, Eda Ağaşcıoğlu, and Ufuk Çakatay. "Live high train low" hypoxic training enhances exercise performance with efficient redox homeostasis in rats' soleus muscle. High Alt Med Biol. 22:77-86, 2021. Background: Different types of hypoxic training have been performed to improve exercise performance. Although both "live high train high" and "live high train low" techniques are commonly performed, it is still obscure as to which one is more beneficial. Materials and Methods: Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into aforementioned experimental groups. After a familiarization exercise (4-week, ∼15-30 minutes/day) at normoxia, all rats exercised (4-week, ∼35 minutes/day) at hypoxia with their pre-evaluated maximal aerobic velocity test. The soleus was extracted after the test following 2 days of resting. Results: The live high trained low group displayed better performance than the live high trained high (p = 0.031) and the live low trained low (p = 0.017) groups. Redox status biomarkers were higher in the live high trained high group except for thiols, which were illustrated with no difference among the groups. Further, contrary to total and protein thiols (r = 0.57, p = 0.037; r = 0.55, p = 0.042 respectively), other redox status biomarkers were observed to be negatively correlated to exercise performance. Conclusions: The live high trained low group could consume more oxygen during exercise, which might lead to having a better chance to ensure cellular redox homeostasis. Therefore, this group could ensure an optimum exercise performance and anabolic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rıdvan Çolak
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Eda Ağaşcıoğlu
- Department of Recreation, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Çakatay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Xin JW, Chai ZX, Zhang CF, Zhang Q, Zhu Y, Cao HW, Ji CY, Chen XY, Jiang H, Zhong JC, Ji QM. Signature of high altitude adaptation in the gluteus proteome of the yak. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2020; 334:362-372. [PMID: 32779369 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Yak is the unique Bovidae species in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. A previous proteomic study has compared the yak muscle tissue to one cattle strain using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification approach. In this study, to further investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying yak adaptation, the proteomic profiles of gluteus were compared between yak and one moderate-altitude cattle strain (Tibetan cattle) and two low-altitude cattle strains (Holstein and Sanjiang cattle) using a label-free quantitative method. The comparisons identified 20, 364, 143 upregulated proteins and 4, 6, 37 downregulated proteins in yak, compared with Tibetan, Holstein, and Sanjiang cattle, respectively. Protein-protein interaction analysis indicated that these differentially expressed proteins were mainly related to "oxidative phosphorylation" and "electron transport chain." Further analysis revealed that NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11, NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4, cytochrome C oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial and cytochrome c oxidase subunit NDUFA4 were all increased in the yak, suggesting that yak might increase mitochondrial capacity to sustain metabolic rates under high altitude conditions, which might be a long-term adaptive mechanism underlying adaptation to high altitude environments. Yak increased the level of thioredoxin reductase 2 to protect themselves from oxidative damages. Moreover, the increased expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform and caveolin-1 in yak suggested that yaks promoted glucose uptake for adaptation to high altitude. These results provided more information to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying yak adaption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wei Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, P. R. China.,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Fu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, P. R. China.,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, P. R. China.,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, P. R. China.,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, P. R. China
| | - Han-Wen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, P. R. China.,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, P. R. China
| | - Cidan Yang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, P. R. China.,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, P. R. China.,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, P. R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, P. R. China.,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Cheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Mei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, P. R. China.,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, P. R. China
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12
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Kumar P, Bharti VK, Mukesh M. Chemometric Analysis of Antioxidant and Mineral Elements in Colostrum of Native and Non-native Goat Breeds to Hypoxic Conditions at High Altitude. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:446-453. [PMID: 31667684 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01940-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colostrum of goat is a well-known nutritional source of animal product, which is attributed to innumerable nutritional properties. To enrich nutritional resources for understanding various nutritional values of animal product at high altitude, chemometric analysis of antioxidant and mineral element study was carried out by comparing antioxidants capacity, free radical scavenging activity, and certain mineral elements in colostrums of native and non-native goat breeds. Colostrum samples were collected from native Changthangi (CNG) and non-native Sirohi (SIRO) goat breeds, situated at naturally exposed high altitude of 3505.2 m above mean sea level. The antioxidant of samples was measured by ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity assay, and mineral elemental quantification of Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, Co, Cu, K, Ca, B, Ni, and Cr was performed using ICP-OES. The values of FRAP, DPPH, and Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, Co, Cu, K, and Ca in colostrums of native goat breed was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher than the non-native goat. These data conclude that high altitude native goat has more antioxidant and mineral elements in colostrum than non-native colostrum. This study could provide a basis for establishing the role of colostrum supplements as a natural source to strengthen the endurance to modalities for the survival of newborn kids of goat within the native high altitude environment. This is the first report of a comparative chemometric analysis of colostrums of goat species and can be utilized to characterize the nutritional aspect of animal product with unique antioxidant and mineral nutrients composition in colostrum of goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar
- DRDO- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh, Ladakh, India.
| | - Vijay K Bharti
- DRDO- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh, Ladakh, India.
| | - M Mukesh
- ICAR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR), Karnal, Haryana, India
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13
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Feng S, Ma J, Long K, Zhang J, Qiu W, Li Y, Jin L, Wang X, Jiang A, Liu L, Xiao W, Li X, Tang Q, Li M. Comparative microRNA Transcriptomes in Domestic Goats Reveal Acclimatization to High Altitude. Front Genet 2020; 11:809. [PMID: 32849809 PMCID: PMC7411263 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
High-altitude acclimatization is a representative example of vertebrates' acclimatization to harsh and extreme environments. Previous studies reported sufficient evidence for a molecular genetic basis of high-altitude acclimatization, and genomic patterns of genetic variation among populations and species have been widely elucidated in recent years. However, understanding of the miRNA role in high-altitude acclimatization have lagged behind, especially in non-model species. To investigate miRNA expression alterations of goats that were induced by high-altitude stress, we performed comparative miRNA transcriptome analysis on six hypoxia-sensitive tissues (heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, and spleen) in two goat populations from distinct altitudes (600 and 3000 m). We obtained the expression value of 1391 mature miRNAs and identified 138 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs between high and low altitudes. Combined with tissue specificity analysis, we illustrated alterations of expression levels among altitudes and tissues, and found that there were coexisting tissue-specific and -conserved mechanisms for hypoxia acclimatization. Notably, the interplay between DE miRNA and DE target genes strongly indicated post-transcriptional regulation in the hypoxia inducible factor 1, insulin, and p53 signaling pathways, which might play significant roles in high-altitude acclimatization in domestic goats. It's also worth noting that we experimentally confirmed miR-106a-5p to have a negative regulation effect on angiogenesis by directly targeting FLT-1. These results provide insight into the complicated miRNA expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms of high-altitude acclimatization in domestic goats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qianzi Tang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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14
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El-Ganainy SO, El-Mallah A, Abdallah D, Khattab MM, El-Khatib AS, Mohy El-Din MM. A novel investigation of statins myotoxic mechanism: effect of atorvastatin on respiratory muscles in hypoxic environment. Toxicol Lett 2019; 305:58-64. [PMID: 30735765 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Myopathy is a well-known adverse effect of statins, affecting a large sector of statins users. The reported experimental data emphasized on mechanistic study of statin myopathy on large muscles. Clinically, both large muscles and respiratory muscles are reported to be involved in the myotoxic profile of statins. However, the experimental data investigating the myopathic mechanism on respiratory muscles are still lacking. The present work aimed to study the effect of atorvastatin treatment on respiratory muscles using rat isolated hemidiaphragm in normoxic & hypoxic conditions. The contractile activity of isolated hemidiaphragm in rats treated with atorvastatin for 21 days was investigated using nerve stimulated technique. Muscle twitches, train of four and tetanic stimulation was measured in normoxic, hypoxic and reoxygenation conditions. Atorvastatin significantly increased the tetanic fade, a measure of muscle fatigability, in hypoxic conditions. Upon reoxygenation, rat hemidiaphragm regains its normal contractile profile. Co-treatment with coenzyme Q10 showed significant improvement in defective diaphragmatic contractility in hypoxic conditions. This work showed that atorvastatin treatment rapidly deteriorates diaphragmatic activity in low oxygen environment. The mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction is probably the mechanism behind such finding. This was supported by the improvement of muscle contractile activity following CoQ10 co-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar O El-Ganainy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed El-Mallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dina Abdallah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Khattab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aiman S El-Khatib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Mohy El-Din
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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15
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He Q, Ma J, Kalavagunta PK, Zhou L, Zhu J, Dong J, Ahmad O, Du Y, Wei L, Shang J. HgS Inhibits Oxidative Stress Caused by Hypoxia through Regulation of 5-HT Metabolism Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061364. [PMID: 30889910 PMCID: PMC6471647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to reveal the potential relationship between 5-HT and oxidative stress in the organism. Our in vitro experiments in RIN-14B cells showed that anoxia leads the cells to the state of oxidative stress. Administration of exogenous 5-HT exacerbated this effect, whereas the inhibition of Tph1, LP533401 alleviated the oxidative stress. Several research articles reported that Cinnabar (consists of more than 96% mercury sulfide, HgS), which is widely used in both Chinese and Indian traditional medicine prescriptions, has been involved in the regulation of 5-HT. The present research revealed that HgS relieved the level of oxidative stress of RIN-14B cells. This pharmacological activity was also observed in the prescription drug Zuotai, in which HgS accounts for 54.5%, and these effects were found to be similar to LP533401, an experimental drug to treat pulmonary hypertension. Further, our in vivo experiments revealed that the administration of cinnabar or prescription drug Zuotai in zebrafish reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by hypoxia and cured behavioral abnormalities. Taken together, in organisms with hypoxia induced oxidative stress 5-HT levels were found to be abnormally elevated, indicating that 5-HT could regulate oxidative stress, and the decrease in the 5-HT levels, behavioral abnormalities after treatment with cinnabar and Zuotai, we may conclude that the therapeutic and pharmacologic effect of cinnabar and Zuotai may be based on the regulation of 5-HT metabolism and relief of oxidative stress. Even though they aren't toxic at the present dosage in both cell lines and zebrafish, their dose dependent toxicities are yet to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang He
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ji Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Praveen Kumar Kalavagunta
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Liangliang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Junyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Jing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Owais Ahmad
- School of Life Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Yuzhi Du
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China.
| | - Lixin Wei
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China.
| | - Jing Shang
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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16
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Chuang CC, Zhou T, Olfert IM, Zuo L. Hypoxic Preconditioning Attenuates Reoxygenation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Aged Pulmonary TNF-α Overexpressing Mice. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1720. [PMID: 30622474 PMCID: PMC6308319 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Skeletal muscle subjected to hypoxia followed by reoxygenation is susceptible to injury and subsequent muscle function decline. This phenomenon can be observed in the diaphragm during strenuous exercise or in pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). Previous studies have shown that PO2 cycling or hypoxic preconditioning (HPC), as it can also be referred to as, protects muscle function via mechanisms involving reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, this HPC protection has not been fully elucidated in aged pulmonary TNF-α overexpressing (Tg+) mice (a COPD-like model). We hypothesize that HPC can exert protection on the diaphragms of Tg+ mice during reoxygenation through pathways involving ROS/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), as well as the downstream activation of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mitoKATP) and inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Methods: Isolated Tg+ diaphragm muscle strips were pre-treated with inhibitors for ROS, PI3K, Akt, ERK, or a combination of mitoKATP inhibitor and mPTP opener, respectively, prior to HPC. Another two groups of muscles were treated with either mitoKATP activator or mPTP inhibitor without HPC. Muscles were treated with 30-min hypoxia, followed by 15-min reoxygenation. Data were analyzed by multi-way ANOVA and expressed as means ± SE. Results: Muscle treated with HPC showed improved muscle function during reoxygenation (n = 5, p < 0.01). Inhibition of ROS, PI3K, Akt, or ERK abolished the protective effect of HPC. Simultaneous inhibition of mitoKATP and activation of mPTP also diminished HPC effects. By contrast, either the opening of mitoKATP channel or the closure of mPTP provided a similar protective effect to HPC by alleviating muscle function decline, suggesting that mitochondria play a role in HPC initiation (n = 5; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Hypoxic preconditioning may protect respiratory skeletal muscle function in Tg+ mice during reoxygenation through redox-sensitive signaling cascades and regulations of mitochondrial channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chen Chuang
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tingyang Zhou
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - I Mark Olfert
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Biology, The University of Maine, Presque Isle, ME, United States
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17
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Bowen TS, Aakerøy L, Eisenkolb S, Kunth P, Bakkerud F, Wohlwend M, Ormbostad AM, Fischer T, Wisloff U, Schuler G, Steinshamn S, Adams V, Bronstad E. Exercise Training Reverses Extrapulmonary Impairments in Smoke-exposed Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 49:879-887. [PMID: 28009790 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cigarette smoking is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema. However, evidence on the extrapulmonary effects of smoke exposure that precede lung impairments remains unclear at present, as are data on nonpharmacological treatments such as exercise training. METHODS Three groups of mice, including control (n = 10), smoking (n = 10), and smoking with 6 wk of high-intensity interval treadmill running (n = 11), were exposed to 20 wk of fresh air or whole-body cigarette smoke. Exercise capacity (peak oxygen uptake) and lung destruction (histology) were subsequently measured, whereas the heart, peripheral endothelium (aorta), and respiratory (diaphragm) and limb (extensor digitorum longus and soleus) skeletal muscles were assessed for in vivo and in vitro function, in situ mitochondrial respiration, and molecular alterations. RESULTS Smoking reduced body weight by 26% (P < 0.05) without overt airway destruction (P > 0.05). Smoking impaired exercise capacity by 15% while inducing right ventricular dysfunction by ~20%, endothelial dysfunction by ~20%, and diaphragm muscle weakness by ~15% (all P < 0.05), but these were either attenuated or reversed by exercise training (P < 0.05). Compared with controls, smoking mice had normal limb muscle and mitochondrial function (cardiac and skeletal muscle fibers); however, diaphragm measures of oxidative stress and protein degradation were increased by 111% and 65%, respectively (P < 0.05), but these were attenuated by exercise training (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Prolonged cigarette smoking reduced exercise capacity concomitant with functional impairments to the heart, peripheral endothelium, and respiratory muscle that preceded the development of overt emphysema. However, high-intensity exercise training was able to reverse these smoke-induced extrapulmonary impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Scott Bowen
- 1Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University-Heart Center, Leipzig, GERMANY; 2Faculty of Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NORWAY; and 3Department of Thoracic Medicine, Clinic of Thoracic and Occupational Medicine, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, NORWAY
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18
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Maternal creatine supplementation during pregnancy prevents acute and long-term deficits in skeletal muscle after birth asphyxia: a study of structure and function of hind limb muscle in the spiny mouse. Pediatr Res 2016; 80:852-860. [PMID: 27466898 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal antenatal creatine supplementation protects the brain, kidney, and diaphragm against the effects of birth asphyxia in the spiny mouse. In this study, we examined creatine's potential to prevent damage to axial skeletal muscles. METHODS Pregnant spiny mice were fed a control or creatine-supplemented diet from mid-pregnancy, and 1 d before term (39 d), fetuses were delivered by c-section with or without 7.5 min of birth asphyxia. At 24 h or 33 ± 2 d after birth, gastrocnemius muscles were obtained for ex-vivo study of twitch-tension, muscle fatigue, and structural and histochemical analysis. RESULTS Birth asphyxia significantly reduced cross-sectional area of all muscle fiber types (P < 0.05), and increased fatigue caused by repeated tetanic contractions at 24 h of age (P < 0.05). There were fewer (P < 0.05) Type I and IIa fibers and more (P < 0.05) Type IIb fibers in male gastrocnemius at 33 d of age. Muscle oxidative capacity was reduced (P < 0.05) in males at 24 h and 33 d and in females at 24 h only. Maternal creatine treatment prevented all asphyxia-induced changes in the gastrocnemius, improved motor performance. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that creatine loading before birth protects the muscle from asphyxia-induced damage at birth.
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19
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Abstract
Scenic view at high altitude is a pleasure to the eyes, but it has some shortcoming effects as well. High altitude can be divided into different categories, i.e., high altitude (3000-5000 ft), very high altitude (5000-8000 ft), and extreme altitude (above 8000 ft). Much of the population resides at high altitude, and others go there for tourism. Military personnel are also posted there to defend boundaries. As we ascent to high altitude, partial pressure of oxygen reduces, whereas concentration remains the same; this reduces the availability of oxygen to different body parts. This pathophysiological condition is known as hypobaric hypoxia (HH) which leads to oxidative stress and further causes cognitive dysfunction in some cases. Hypoxia causes neurodegeneration in different brain regions; however, the hippocampus is found to be more prone in comparison to other brain regions. As the hippocampus is affected most, therefore, spatial memory is impaired most during such condition. This chapter will give a brief review of the damaging effect of high altitude on cognition and also throw light on possible herbal interventions at high altitude, which can improve cognitive performance as well as provide protection against the deteriorating effect of hypobaric hypoxia at high altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Jain
- Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, Delhi University, Delhi, 110007, India.
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20
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Bowen TS, Eisenkolb S, Drobner J, Fischer T, Werner S, Linke A, Mangner N, Schuler G, Adams V. High-intensity interval training prevents oxidant-mediated diaphragm muscle weakness in hypertensive mice. FASEB J 2016; 31:60-71. [PMID: 27650398 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600672r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a key risk factor for heart failure, with the latter characterized by diaphragm muscle weakness that is mediated in part by increased oxidative stress. In the present study, we used a deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt mouse model to determine whether hypertension could independently induce diaphragm dysfunction and further investigated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Sham-treated (n = 11), DOCA-salt-treated (n = 11), and DOCA-salt+HIIT-treated (n = 15) mice were studied over 4 wk. Diaphragm contractile function, protein expression, enzyme activity, and fiber cross-sectional area and type were subsequently determined. Elevated blood pressure confirmed hypertension in DOCA-salt mice independent of HIIT (P < 0.05). Diaphragm forces were impaired by ∼15-20% in DOCA-salt vs. sham-treated mice (P < 0.05), but this effect was prevented after HIIT. Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) protein expression tended to decrease (∼30%; P = 0.06) in DOCA-salt vs. sham- and DOCA-salt+HIIT mice, whereas oxidative stress increased (P < 0.05). Enzyme activity of NADPH oxidase was higher, but superoxide dismutase was lower, with MyHC oxidation elevated by ∼50%. HIIT further prevented direct oxidant-mediated diaphragm contractile dysfunction (P < 0.05) after a 30 min exposure to H2O-2 (1 mM). Our data suggest that hypertension induces diaphragm contractile dysfunction via an oxidant-mediated mechanism that is prevented by HIIT.-Bowen, T. S., Eisenkolb, S., Drobner, J., Fischer, T., Werner, S., Linke, A., Mangner, N., Schuler, G., Adams, V. High-intensity interval training prevents oxidant-mediated diaphragm muscle weakness in hypertensive mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Scott Bowen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sophia Eisenkolb
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juliane Drobner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tina Fischer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah Werner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Axel Linke
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Norman Mangner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schuler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Volker Adams
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
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Effects of 12-Week Endurance Training at Natural Low Altitude on the Blood Redox Homeostasis of Professional Adolescent Athletes: A Quasi-Experimental Field Trial. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4848015. [PMID: 26783415 PMCID: PMC4691516 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4848015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This field study investigated the influences of exposure to natural low altitude on endurance training-induced alterations of redox homeostasis in professional adolescent runners undergoing 12-week off-season conditioning program at an altitude of 1700 m (Alt), by comparison with that of their counterparts completing the program at sea-level (SL). For age-, gender-, and Tanner-stage-matched comparison, 26 runners (n = 13 in each group) were selected and studied. Following the conditioning program, unaltered serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and superoxide dismutase accompanied with an increase in oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and decreases of xanthine oxidase, reduced glutathione (GSH), and GSH/GSSG ratio were observed in both Alt and SL groups. Serum glutathione peroxidase and catalase did not change in SL, whereas these enzymes, respectively, decreased and increased in Alt. Uric acid (UA) decreased in SL and increased in Alt. Moreover, the decreases in GSH and GSH/GSSG ratio in Alt were relatively lower compared to those in SL. Further, significant interindividual correlations were found between changes in catalase and TBARS, as well as between UA and T-AOC. These findings suggest that long-term training at natural low altitude is unlikely to cause retained oxidative stress in professional adolescent runners.
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Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in a lizard Phrynocephalus vlangalii at different altitudes or acclimated to hypoxia. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 190:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zuo L, Pannell BK, Re AT, Best TM, Wagner PD. Po2 cycling protects diaphragm function during reoxygenation via ROS, Akt, ERK, and mitochondrial channels. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 309:C759-66. [PMID: 26423578 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00174.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Po2 cycling, often referred to as intermittent hypoxia, involves exposing tissues to brief cycles of low oxygen environments immediately followed by hyperoxic conditions. After experiencing long-term hypoxia, muscle can be damaged during the subsequent reintroduction of oxygen, which leads to muscle dysfunction via reperfusion injury. The protective effect and mechanism behind Po2 cycling in skeletal muscle during reoxygenation have yet to be fully elucidated. We hypothesize that Po2 cycling effectively increases muscle fatigue resistance through reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and certain mitochondrial channels during reoxygenation. Using a dihydrofluorescein fluorescent probe, we detected the production of ROS in mouse diaphragmatic skeletal muscle in real time under confocal microscopy. Muscles treated with Po2 cycling displayed significantly attenuated ROS levels (n = 5; P < 0.001) as well as enhanced force generation compared with controls during reperfusion (n = 7; P < 0.05). We also used inhibitors for signaling molecules or membrane channels such as ROS, Akt, ERK, as well as chemical stimulators to close mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) or open mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). All these blockers or stimulators abolished improved muscle function with Po2 cycling treatment. This current investigation has discovered a correlation between KATP and mPTP and the Po2 cycling pathway in diaphragmatic skeletal muscle. Thus we have identified a unique signaling pathway that may involve ROS, Akt, ERK, and mitochondrial channels responsible for Po2 cycling protection during reoxygenation conditions in the diaphragm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Benjamin K Pannell
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anthony T Re
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Thomas M Best
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Sports Health and Performance Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Peter D Wagner
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Rathor R, Sharma P, Suryakumar G, Ganju L. A pharmacological investigation of Hippophae salicifolia (HS) and Hippophae rhamnoides turkestanica (HRT) against multiple stress (C-H-R): an experimental study using rat model. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:821-31. [PMID: 26045201 PMCID: PMC4529863 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippophae salicifolia (HS) and Hippophae rhamnoides turkestanica (HRT) are abundantly found species of Hippophae in Himalayan region of India. As these plants thrive under extreme climatic conditions, it is suspected that these plants must have a unique adaptogenic property against high-altitude stress. To keeping these views in our mind, the present study was planned to evaluate the mechanism of action of aqueous extract of HS and aqueous extract of HRT against multiple stress [cold-hypoxia-restraint (C-H-R)] for their adaptogenic activity. The present study reported the adaptogenic activity of HS in facilitating tolerance to multiple stress, CHR in rats. Pre-treatment with aqueous extract of HS significantly attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, protein oxidation, and lipid peroxidation and also showed role in maintaining antioxidant status as similar to control rats. Since protein oxidation was decreased by pre-treatment of HS, protein homeostasis was also sustained by regulation of heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP60). Interestingly, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), and nitric oxide (NO) level was also increased in HS pre-treated rats depicted its adaptogenic activity against multiple stress, CHR. Conclusively, aqueous extract of HS could use an adaptogen for high altitude-associated multiple stress (CHR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India,
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Zuo L, Zhou T, Pannell BK, Ziegler AC, Best TM. Biological and physiological role of reactive oxygen species--the good, the bad and the ugly. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 214:329-48. [PMID: 25912260 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive molecules that are naturally produced within biological systems. Research has focused extensively on revealing the multi-faceted and complex roles that ROS play in living tissues. In regard to the good side of ROS, this article explores the effects of ROS on signalling, immune response and other physiological responses. To review the potentially bad side of ROS, we explain the consequences of high concentrations of molecules that lead to the disruption of redox homeostasis, which induces oxidative stress damaging intracellular components. The ugly effects of ROS can be observed in devastating cardiac, pulmonary, neurodegenerative and other disorders. Furthermore, this article covers the regulatory enzymes that mitigate the effects of ROS. Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase are discussed in particular detail. The current understanding of ROS is incomplete, and it is imperative that future research be performed to understand the implications of ROS in various therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; The Ohio State University College of Medicine; Columbus OH USA
- Biophysics Graduate Program; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - T. Zhou
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; The Ohio State University College of Medicine; Columbus OH USA
- Biophysics Graduate Program; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - B. K. Pannell
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; The Ohio State University College of Medicine; Columbus OH USA
| | - A. C. Ziegler
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; The Ohio State University College of Medicine; Columbus OH USA
| | - T. M. Best
- Division of Sports Medicine; Department of Family Medicine; Sports Health & Performance Institute; The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Columbus OH USA
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Zuo L, Best TM, Roberts WJ, Diaz PT, Wagner PD. Characterization of reactive oxygen species in diaphragm. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 213:700-10. [PMID: 25330121 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) exist as natural mediators of metabolism to maintain cellular homeostasis. However, ROS production may significantly increase in response to environmental stressors, resulting in extensive cellular damage. Although several potential sources of increased ROS have been proposed, exact mechanisms of their generation have not been completely elucidated. This is particularly true for diaphragmatic skeletal muscle, the key muscle used for respiration. Several experimental models have focused on detection of ROS generation in rodent diaphragm tissue under stressful conditions, including hypoxia, exercise, and heat, as well as ROS formation in single myofibres. Identification methods include direct detection of ROS with confocal or fluorescent microscopy and indirect detection of ROS through end product analysis. This article explores implications of ROS generation and oxidative stress, and also evaluates potential mechanisms of cellular ROS formation in diaphragmatic skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; The Ohio State University College of Medicine; The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Columbus OH USA
| | - T. M. Best
- Division of Sports Medicine; Department of Family Medicine Sports Health and Performance Institute; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - W. J. Roberts
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; The Ohio State University College of Medicine; The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Columbus OH USA
| | - P. T. Diaz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine; The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Columbus OH USA
| | - P. D. Wagner
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla CA USA
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Anand T, Prakash KB, Pandareesh MD, Khanum F. Development of bacoside enriched date syrup juice and its evaluation for physical endurance. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2014; 51:4026-32. [PMID: 25477676 PMCID: PMC4252464 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-013-0955-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Bacoside rich juice (BRJ) was developed using date syrup as base. BRJ was evaluated for physicochemical, sensory attributes and its effect on physical endurance. Overall acceptability of BRJ and date syrup juice (DSJ) was good according to hedonic scale/ratings. Twenty four adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 6). Sedentary (Group I) and control (Group II) group rats were allowed to drink water whereas DSJ and BRJ group rats were provided free access to drink DSJ (Group III) and BRJ (Group IV) for 14 days and were subjected to weight-loaded forced swim test (WFST) for every alternate day in order to evaluate the physical endurance. Both BRJ and DSJ group rats swimming efficiency was improved by 3 and 2 folds respectively in comparison with control group on day- 15. Improved physical endurance in BRJ group is due to reduced malondialdehyde levels in brain, liver and muscle tissues by 16.50 %, 17.88 % and 30.20 %, respectively, compared to DSJ group (p < 0.01). In addition, administration of BRJ significantly protected the hepatic and muscle glycogen levels and reduced the levels of lactic acid in comparison to DSJ group. Hence, the present study clearly indicates that BRJ is an effective anti-fatigue drink ameliorates the various impairments associated with physical endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Anand
- />Biochemistry & Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Siddarthanagar, Mysore, 570011 India
| | - K. Bhanu Prakash
- />Department of Food Science and Technology, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM University, Vishakapatnam, 530045 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - M. D. Pandareesh
- />Biochemistry & Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Siddarthanagar, Mysore, 570011 India
| | - Farhath Khanum
- />Biochemistry & Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Siddarthanagar, Mysore, 570011 India
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Zuo L, Diaz PT, Chien MT, Roberts WJ, Kishek J, Best TM, Wagner PD. PO2 cycling reduces diaphragm fatigue by attenuating ROS formation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109884. [PMID: 25299212 PMCID: PMC4192541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged muscle exposure to low PO2 conditions may cause oxidative stress resulting in severe muscular injuries. We hypothesize that PO2 cycling preconditioning, which involves brief cycles of diaphragmatic muscle exposure to a low oxygen level (40 Torr) followed by a high oxygen level (550 Torr), can reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as attenuate muscle fatigue in mouse diaphragm under low PO2. Accordingly, dihydrofluorescein (a fluorescent probe) was used to monitor muscular ROS production in real time with confocal microscopy during a lower PO2 condition. In the control group with no PO2 cycling, intracellular ROS formation did not appear during the first 15 min of the low PO2 period. However, after 20 min of low PO2, ROS levels increased significantly by ∼30% compared to baseline, and this increase continued until the end of the 30 min low PO2 condition. Conversely, muscles treated with PO2 cycling showed a complete absence of enhanced fluorescence emission throughout the entire low PO2 period. Furthermore, PO2 cycling-treated diaphragm exhibited increased fatigue resistance during prolonged low PO2 period compared to control. Thus, our data suggest that PO2 cycling mitigates diaphragm fatigue during prolonged low PO2. Although the exact mechanism for this protection remains to be elucidated, it is likely that through limiting excessive ROS levels, PO2 cycling initiates ROS-related antioxidant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Philip T. Diaz
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Chien
- Department of Biology, Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States of America
| | - William J. Roberts
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Juliana Kishek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Thomas M. Best
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Sports Health and Performance Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Peter D. Wagner
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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Antimutagenic activity of ipriflavone against the DNA-damage induced by cyclophosphamide in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 65:140-6. [PMID: 24389340 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we evaluated the potential of ipriflavone against the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects induced by cyclophosphamide chemotherapeutic agent in bone marrow cells of mice, using the micronucleus assay in vivo on cells of bone marrow. The study was performed following three protocols: pre-treatment, simultaneous treatment and post treatment. The results demonstrated that ipriflavone has a protective effect against mutagenicity induced by cyclophosphamide in the pre-treatment and post-treatment and against the cytotoxicity in all treatments. There was variation between the genders in some of the experimental groups. To evaluate their possible mechanisms of action, it was performed the DPPH assay, which showed no ability to donate hydrogens, suggesting that it acts through other mechanisms. Due to its ability to prevent chromosomal damage, ipriflavone is likely to open an interest field concerning its possible the use in clinical applications.
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Chitra L, Boopathy R. Altered mitochondrial biogenesis and its fusion gene expression is involved in the high-altitude adaptation of rat lung. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2013; 192:74-84. [PMID: 24361501 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Intermittent hypobaric hypoxia-induced preconditioning (IHH-PC) of rat favored the adaption of lungs to severe HH conditions, possibly through stabilization of mitochondrial function. This is based on the data generated on regulatory coordination of nuclear DNA-encoded mitochondrial biogenesis; dynamics, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded oxidative phosphorylation (mtOXPHOS) genes expression. At 16th day after start of IHH-PC (equivalent to 5000m, 6h/d, 2w of treatment), rats were exposed to severe HH stimulation at 9142m for 6h. The IHH-PC significantly counteracted the HH-induced effect of increased lung: water content; tissue damage; and oxidant injury. Further, IHH-PC significantly increased the mitochondrial number, mtDNA content and mtOXPHOS complex activity in the lung tissues. This observation is due to an increased expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α, ERRα, NRF1, NRF2 and TFAM), fusion (Mfn1 and Mfn2) and mtOXPHOS. Thus, the regulatory pathway formed by PGC-1α/ERRα/Mfn2 axes is required for the mitochondrial adaptation provoked by IHH-PC regimen to counteract subsequent HH stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loganathan Chitra
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, DRDO - BU Center for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rathanam Boopathy
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Jain K, Suryakumar G, Prasad R, Ganju L. Upregulation of cytoprotective defense mechanisms and hypoxia-responsive proteins imparts tolerance to acute hypobaric hypoxia. High Alt Med Biol 2013; 14:65-77. [PMID: 23537263 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2012.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to high altitude is a well-known environmental stress with physiological and metabolic consequences, with the major stressor being hypobaric hypoxia. The disruption in cellular homeostasis elicits several acute and chronic adaptations designed to diminish the stress imposed by the hypoxic insult. Highly conserved cellular machinery protects the myocardium from damage under reduced oxygen tension. In the present study, adult Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to an altitude of 9754 m in a decompression chamber and screened on the basis of the time taken for onset of gasping. The animals were grouped as susceptible (<10 min), normal (10-25 min), and tolerant (>25 min). Histologically, susceptible animals showed increased myocardial inflammation and infiltration and greater CK-MB activity. These animals showed a three-fold increase in reactive oxygen species levels and subsequent oxidative damage to proteins and lipids as compared to control unexposed group. In tolerant animals, the damage was minimal. The resistance to damage in these animals was possibly due to enhanced myocardial antioxidant enzymes, catalase and superoxide dismutase. A significantly higher expression of HIF-1α and its responsive genes, including EPO, HO-1, and GLUT1, was seen in tolerant animals, although VEGF expression was enhanced in the susceptible group. Cytoprotective chaperones, HSP70 and HSP90, were elevated in the tolerant animals. The differential expression of these hypoxia-responsive molecules may thus act as potential biochemical markers for screening and identifying individuals susceptible to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Jain
- Cellular Biochemistry Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi, India
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Ward CL, Corona BT, Yoo JJ, Harrison BS, Christ GJ. Oxygen generating biomaterials preserve skeletal muscle homeostasis under hypoxic and ischemic conditions. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72485. [PMID: 23991116 PMCID: PMC3753241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Provision of supplemental oxygen to maintain soft tissue viability acutely following trauma in which vascularization has been compromised would be beneficial for limb and tissue salvage. For this application, an oxygen generating biomaterial that may be injected directly into the soft tissue could provide an unprecedented treatment in the acute trauma setting. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine if sodium percarbonate (SPO), an oxygen generating biomaterial, is capable of maintaining resting skeletal muscle homeostasis under otherwise hypoxic conditions. In the current studies, a biologically and physiologically compatible range of SPO (1-2 mg/mL) was shown to: 1) improve the maintenance of contractility and attenuate the accumulation of HIF1α, depletion of intramuscular glycogen, and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation) that occurred following ∼30 minutes of hypoxia in primarily resting (duty cycle = 0.2 s train/120 s contraction interval <0.002) rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles in vitro (95% N2-5% CO2, 37°C); 2) attenuate elevations of rat EDL muscle resting tension that occurred during contractile fatigue testing (3 bouts of 25 100 Hz tetanic contractions; duty cycle = 0.2 s/2 s = 0.1) under oxygenated conditions in vitro (95% O2-5% CO2, 37°C); and 3) improve the maintenance of contractility (in vivo) and prevent glycogen depletion in rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in a hindlimb ischemia model (i.e., ligation of the iliac artery). Additionally, injection of a commercially available lipid oxygen-carrying compound or the components (sodium bicarbonate and hydrogen peroxide) of 1 mg/mL SPO did not improve EDL muscle contractility under hypoxic conditions in vitro. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that a biological and physiological concentration of SPO (1-2 mg/mL) injected directly into rat skeletal muscle (EDL or TA muscles) can partially preserve resting skeletal muscle homeostasis under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L. Ward
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Benjamin T. Corona
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - James J. Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Benjamin S. Harrison
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - George J. Christ
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
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Ergogenic effect of dietary L-carnitine and fat supplementation against exercise induced physical fatigue in Wistar rats. J Physiol Biochem 2013; 69:799-809. [PMID: 23661316 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-013-0256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
L-carnitine (LC) plays a central role in fatty acid metabolism and in skeletal muscle bioenergetics. LC supplementation is known to improve physical performance and has become widespread in recent years without any unequivocal support to this practice. A scientific-based knowledge is needed, to understand the implications of LC supplementation on physical fatigue. In current study, we have explored synergistic effects of dietary LC and fat content against physical fatigue in rats. Ninety male Wistar rats were supplemented with different concentrations of LC (0.15, 0.3, and 0.5 %) and fat content (5, 10, and 15 %) through diet in different combinations. Our results elucidated that LC (0.5 %) along with 10 and 15 % fat diet supplemented rats showed significant ergogenic effect. The swimming time until exhaustion was increased by ~2- and ~1.5-fold in rats fed with 10 and 15 % fat diet containing LC (0.5 %). LC supplementation improved the energy charge by increasing the levels of ATP, tissue glycogen, reduced GSH, plasma triglyceride, plasma glucose levels, and enzymatic antioxidant status, i.e., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. LC supplementation also significantly reduced lipid peroxidation, lactic acid, plasma urea nitrogen, creatinine, creatinekinase, and lactate dehydrogenase levels in various tissues compared to its respective control group. Thus the present study indicates that LC ameliorates the various impairments associated with physical endurance in rats.
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Zuo L, Shiah A, Roberts WJ, Chien MT, Wagner PD, Hogan MC. Low Po₂ conditions induce reactive oxygen species formation during contractions in single skeletal muscle fibers. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2013; 304:R1009-16. [PMID: 23576612 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00563.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Contractions in whole skeletal muscle during hypoxia are known to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, identification of real-time ROS formation within isolated single skeletal muscle fibers has been challenging. Consequently, there is no convincing evidence showing increased ROS production in intact contracting fibers under low Po₂ conditions. Therefore, we hypothesized that intracellular ROS generation in single contracting skeletal myofibers increases during low Po₂ compared with a value approximating normal resting Po₂. Dihydrofluorescein was loaded into single frog (Xenopus) fibers, and fluorescence was used to monitor ROS using confocal microscopy. Myofibers were exposed to two maximal tetanic contractile periods (1 contraction/3 s for 2 min, separated by a 60-min rest period), each consisting of one of the following treatments: high Po₂ (30 Torr), low Po₂ (3-5 Torr), high Po₂ with ebselen (antioxidant), or low Po₂ with ebselen. Ebselen (10 μM) was administered before the designated contractile period. ROS formation during low Po₂ treatment was greater than during high Po₂ treatment, and ebselen decreased ROS generation in both low- and high-Po₂ conditions (P < 0.05). ROS accumulated at a faster rate in low vs. high Po₂. Force was reduced >30% for each condition except low Po₂ with ebselen, which only decreased ~15%. We concluded that single myofibers under low Po₂ conditions develop accelerated and more oxidative stress than at Po₂ = 30 Torr (normal human resting Po₂). Ebselen decreases ROS formation in both low and high Po₂, but only mitigates skeletal muscle fatigue during reduced Po₂ conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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35
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Radak Z, Zhao Z, Koltai E, Ohno H, Atalay M. Oxygen consumption and usage during physical exercise: the balance between oxidative stress and ROS-dependent adaptive signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1208-46. [PMID: 22978553 PMCID: PMC3579386 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of human DNA has been affected by aerobic metabolism, including endurance exercise and oxygen toxicity. Aerobic endurance exercise could play an important role in the evolution of Homo sapiens, and oxygen was not important just for survival, but it was crucial to redox-mediated adaptation. The metabolic challenge during physical exercise results in an elevated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are important modulators of muscle contraction, antioxidant protection, and oxidative damage repair, which at moderate levels generate physiological responses. Several factors of mitochondrial biogenesis, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), mitogen-activated protein kinase, and SIRT1, are modulated by exercise-associated changes in the redox milieu. PGC-1α activation could result in decreased oxidative challenge, either by upregulation of antioxidant enzymes and/or by an increased number of mitochondria that allows lower levels of respiratory activity for the same degree of ATP generation. Endogenous thiol antioxidants glutathione and thioredoxin are modulated with high oxygen consumption and ROS generation during physical exercise, controlling cellular function through redox-sensitive signaling and protein-protein interactions. Endurance exercise-related angiogenesis, up to a significant degree, is regulated by ROS-mediated activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. Moreover, the exercise-associated ROS production could be important to DNA methylation and post-translation modifications of histone residues, which create heritable adaptive conditions based on epigenetic features of chromosomes. Accumulating data indicate that exercise with moderate intensity has systemic and complex health-promoting effects, which undoubtedly involve regulation of redox homeostasis and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Radak
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Skelly JR, Rowan SC, Jones JFX, O'Halloran KD. Upper airway dilator muscle weakness following intermittent and sustained hypoxia in the rat: effects of a superoxide scavenger. Physiol Res 2012; 62:187-96. [PMID: 23234416 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disorder associated with upper airway muscle dysfunction. Agents that improve respiratory muscle performance may have considerable therapeutic value. We examined the effects of acute exposure to sustained and intermittent hypoxia on rat pharyngeal dilator muscle function. Additionally, we sought to test the efficacy of antioxidant treatment in ameliorating or preventing hypoxia-related muscle dysfunction. Isometric contractile and endurance properties of isolated rat sternohyoid muscle bundles were examined at 35 °C in vitro. Muscle bundles were exposed to one of four gas treatments: hyperoxia (control), sustained hypoxia (SH), intermittent hypoxia (IH) or hypoxia/re-oxygenation (HR), in the absence or presence of the superoxide scavenger--Tempol (10 mM). Stress-frequency relationship was determined in response to electrical stimulation (10-100 Hz in increments of 10-20 Hz, train duration: 300 ms). Muscle performance was also assessed during repetitive muscle stimulation (40 Hz, 300 ms every 2 s for 2.5 min). Compared to control, IH and HR treatments significantly decreased sternohyoid muscle force. The negative inotropic effect of the two gas protocols was similar, but both were of lesser magnitude than the effects of SH. SH, but not IH and HR, increased muscle fatigue. Tempol significantly increased sensitivity to stimulation in all muscle preparations and caused a leftward shift in the stress-frequency relationship of IH and SH treated muscles. Tempol did not ameliorate sternohyoid muscle fatigue during SH. We conclude that Tempol increases upper airway muscle sensitivity to stimulation but only modestly ameliorates respiratory muscle weakness during intermittent and sustained hypoxic conditions in vitro. Respiratory muscle fatigue during sustained hypoxia appears unrelated to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Skelly
- Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
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Zuo L, Hallman AH, Yousif MK, Chien MT. Oxidative stress, respiratory muscle dysfunction, and potential therapeutics in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-012-1251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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38
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Carrera-Quintanar L, Lopez-Fuertes M, Climent V, Herranz-Lopez M, Micol V, Pons A, Sogorb F, Roche E. Oxidative damage is present in plasma and circulating neutrophils 4 weeks after a high mountain expedition. Eur J Appl Physiol 2011; 112:2923-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-2272-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Skelly JR, O'Connell RA, Jones JFX, O'Halloran KD. Structural and functional properties of an upper airway dilator muscle in aged obese male rats. Respiration 2011; 82:539-49. [PMID: 21997469 DOI: 10.1159/000332348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age, obesity and male sex are risk factors for the development of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. OBJECTIVE We examined structural and functional properties of the sternohyoid muscle in young lean and aged obese male rats. We hypothesized that the aged muscle would be vulnerable to oxidative stress (hypoxia). METHODS Isometric contractile and endurance properties of the sternohyoid muscle were assessed in vitro with or without the superoxide scavenger Tempol (10 mM). Muscle fibre size and density were determined by myosin heavy chain immunofluorescence. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and glycerol-3- phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) enzyme activities were determined. RESULTS Fibre hypertrophy, increased fast twitch (type 2X) fibre density, decreased SDH activity and increased GPDH activity, together with increased force and fatigue, were observed in aged obese muscles compared to young lean muscles. Tempol treatment increased strength and sensitivity to stimulation. Hypoxic depression of force was ameliorated by antioxidant treatment with equivalent effects in young lean and aged obese muscle. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the rat sternohyoid exhibits indefinite growth and is protected from oxidative stress as the animal ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Richard Skelly
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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40
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Parraguez VH, Atlagich M, Araneda O, García C, Muñoz A, De Los Reyes M, Urquieta B. Effects of antioxidant vitamins on newborn and placental traits in gestations at high altitude: comparative study in high and low altitude native sheep. Reprod Fertil Dev 2011; 23:285-96. [PMID: 21211461 DOI: 10.1071/rd10016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the hypothesis that the effects of hypoxia on sheep pregnancies at high altitude (HA) are mediated by oxidative stress and that antioxidant vitamins may prevent these effects. Both HA native and newcomer ewes were maintained at an altitude of 3,589 m during mating and pregnancy. Control low altitude (LA) native ewes were maintained at sea level. Half of each group received daily oral supplements of vitamins C (500 mg) and E (350 IU) during mating and gestation. Near term, maternal plasma vitamin levels and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured. At delivery, lambs were weighed and measured, and placentas were recovered for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation. Vitamin concentrations in supplemented ewes were two- or threefold greater than in non-supplemented ewes. Plasma carbonyls and malondialdehyde in non-supplemented ewes were consistent with a state of oxidative stress, which was prevented by vitamin supplementation. Vitamin supplementation increased lamb birthweight and cotyledon number in both HA native and newcomer ewes, although placental weight and cotyledon surface were diminished. Placentas from vitamin-supplemented HA ewes were similar to those from ewes at sea level, making these placental traits (weight, number and diameter of cotyledons) similar to those from ewes at sea level. Vitamin supplementation had no effect on LA pregnancies. In conclusion, supplementation with vitamins C and E during pregnancy at HA prevents oxidative stress, improving pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor H Parraguez
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile.
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Cannata DJ, Ireland Z, Dickinson H, Snow RJ, Russell AP, West JM, Walker DW. Maternal creatine supplementation from mid-pregnancy protects the diaphragm of the newborn spiny mouse from intrapartum hypoxia-induced damage. Pediatr Res 2010; 68:393-8. [PMID: 20639795 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181f1c048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that maternal creatine supplementation from mid-pregnancy would protect the diaphragm of the newborn spiny mouse from the effects of intrapartum hypoxia. Pregnant mice were fed a control or 5% creatine-supplemented diet from mid-gestation. On the day before term, intrapartum hypoxia was induced by isolating the pregnant uterus in a saline bath for 7.5-8 min before releasing and resuscitating the fetuses. Surviving pups were placed with a cross-foster dam, and diaphragm tissue was collected at 24 h postnatal age. Hypoxia caused a significant decrease in the cross-sectional area (∼19%) and contractile function (26.6% decrease in maximum Ca2=-activated force) of diaphragm fibers. The mRNA levels of the muscle mass-regulating genes MuRF1 and myostatin were significantly increased (2-fold). Maternal creatine significantly attenuated hypoxia-induced fiber atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and changes in mRNA levels. This study demonstrates that creatine loading before birth significantly protects the diaphragm from hypoxia-induced damage at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Cannata
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria 3125 Australia
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Changes in contractile properties of skinned single rat soleus and diaphragm fibres after chronic hypoxia. Pflugers Arch 2010; 460:863-73. [PMID: 20697736 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-010-0866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia may be one of the factors underlying muscle dysfunction during ageing and chronic lung and heart failure. Here we tested the hypothesis that chronic hypoxia per se affects contractile properties of single fibres of the soleus and diaphragm muscle. To do this, the force-velocity relationship, rate of force redevelopment and calcium sensitivity of single skinned fibres from normoxic rats and rats exposed to 4 weeks of hypobaric hypoxia (410 mmHg) were investigated. The reduction in maximal force (P(0)) after hypoxia (p=0.031) was more pronounced in type IIa than type I fibres and was mainly attributable to a reduction in fibre cross-sectional area (p=0.044). In type IIa fibres this was aggravated by a reduction in specific tension (p=0.001). The maximal velocity of shortening (V (max)) and shape of the force velocity relation (a/P(0)), however, did not differ between normoxic and hypoxic muscle fibres and the reduction in maximal power of hypoxic fibres (p=0.012) was mainly due to a reduction in P(0). In conclusion, chronic hypoxia causes muscle fibre dysfunction which is not only due to a loss of muscle mass, but also to a diminished force generating capacity of the remaining contractile material. These effects are similar in the soleus and diaphragm muscle, but more pronounced in type IIa than I fibres.
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Silveira PCL, Victor EG, Schefer D, Silva LA, Streck EL, Paula MM, Pinho RA. Effects of therapeutic pulsed ultrasound and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) phonophoresis on parameters of oxidative stress in traumatized muscle. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2010; 36:44-50. [PMID: 19900747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage markers after muscle damage. Phonophoresis aims to achieve therapeutically relevant concentrations of the transdermally introduced drug in the tissues subjected to the procedure by the use ultrasound waves. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects on the therapeutic pulsed ultrasound (TPU) together with gel-dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in the parameters of muscular damage and oxidative stress. Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into six groups (n=6): sham (uninjured muscle); muscle injury without treatment; muscle injury and treatment with gel-saline (0.9%); muscle injury and treatment with gel-DMSO (15mg/kg); muscle injury and TPU plus gel-saline; and muscle injury and TPU plus gel-DMSO. Gastrocnemius injury was induced by a single impact blunt trauma. TPU (6min duration, frequency of 1.0MHz, intensity of 0.8W/cm(2)) was used 2, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120h after muscle trauma. The CK and acid phosphatase activity in serum was used as an indicator of skeletal muscle injury. Superoxide anion, TBARS, protein carbonyls, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity was used as indicators of stress oxidative. Results showed that TPU and gel-DMSO improved muscle healing. Moreover, superoxide anion production, TBARS level and protein carbonyls levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity were all decreased in the group TPU plus gel-DMSO. Our results show that DMSO is effective in the reduction of the muscular lesion and in the oxidative stress after mechanical trauma only when used with TPU. (E-mail: silveira_paulo2004@yahoo.com.br).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo C L Silveira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica do Exercício/PPGCS/UNESC Criciúma, SC/Brazil.
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Antioxidant Treatment Does Not Prevent Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Respiratory Muscle Impairment in Developing Rats. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-5692-7_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Perrey S, Rupp T. Altitude-induced changes in muscle contractile properties. High Alt Med Biol 2009; 10:175-82. [PMID: 19519224 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2008.1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of its high energetic demand, skeletal muscle is sensitive to changes in the partial pressure of oxygen. Most human studies on in vivo skeletal muscle function during hypoxia were performed with voluntary contractions. However, skeletal muscle function is not only characterized by voluntary maximal or repeated force- generating capacity, but also by force generated by evoked muscle contractions (i.e., force-frequency properties). This mini-review reports on the effects of acute or prolonged exposure to hypoxia on human skeletal muscle performance and contractile properties. The latter depend on both the amount and type of contractile proteins and the efficiency of the cellular mechanism of excitation-contraction coupling. Observations on humans indicate that hypoxia (during simulated ascent or brief exposure) exerts modest influences on the membrane propagation of the muscle action potentials during voluntary contractions. Overall in humans, in physiological conditions, including that of climbing Mt. Everest, there is extraordinarily little that changes with regard to maximal force-generating capacity. Interestingly, it appears that the adaptations to chronic hypoxia minimize the effects on skeletal muscle dysfunction (i.e., impairment during fatigue resistance exercise and in muscle contractile properties) that may occur during acute hypoxia for some isolated muscle exercises. Only sustained isometric exercise exceeding a certain intensity (30% MVC) and causing substantial and sustained ischemia is not affected by acute hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Perrey
- EA 2991 Motor Efficiency and Deficiency Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Montpellier, 700 Avenue du Pic Saint Loup, 34090 Montpellier, France.
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Sinha S, Singh SN, Ray US. Total Antioxidant Status at High Altitude in Lowlanders and Native Highlanders: Role of Uric Acid. High Alt Med Biol 2009; 10:269-74. [DOI: 10.1089/ham.2008.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Sinha
- Environmental Physiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences
| | - Som Nath Singh
- Nutrition Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences
| | - Uday Sankar Ray
- Environmental Physiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences
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Skelly JR, Bradford A, Jones JFX, O'Halloran KD. Superoxide scavengers improve rat pharyngeal dilator muscle performance. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2009; 42:725-31. [PMID: 19635929 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2009-0160oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea is a common disorder associated with upper airway muscle dysfunction. Agents that improve respiratory muscle performance may be useful as an adjunct therapy. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of antioxidants on rat pharyngeal dilator muscle performance. Adult male Wistar rats were killed humanely and isometric contractile properties of isolated sternohyoid muscle strips were examined in physiological salt solution at 35 degrees C in vitro. Muscle strips were incubated in tissue baths under hyperoxic (95%O(2)/5%CO(2)) or hypoxic (95%N(2)/5%CO(2)) conditions in the absence (control) or presence of the antioxidants: N-acetylcysteine (10 mM), Tiron (10 mM), or Tempol (10 mM). Force-frequency relationship was determined in response to supramaximal stimulation (10-100 Hz in increments of 10-20 Hz, train duration: 300 ms). Isometric force was also recorded during repetitive muscle stimulation (40 Hz, 300 ms every 2 s for 2 min). Under hyperoxic conditions, Tiron and Tempol, but not N-acetylcysteine, significantly increased sternohyoid muscle force and caused a left-shift in the force-frequency relationship. In addition, Tempol had a significant positive inotropic effect over the initial 90 seconds of repeated muscle activation. Hypoxia caused a significant decrease in sternohyoid muscle force. Under hypoxic conditions, Tempol-incubated muscles generated significantly higher forces compared with control muscles and showed improved performance in the early phase of the fatigue trial. This study illustrates that superoxide scavengers increase upper airway muscle force and that this effect persists under hypoxic conditions. We conclude that antioxidant treatment may be beneficial as a therapy in obstructive sleep apnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Richard Skelly
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, Room C228, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Fatigue analysis of interference EMG signals obtained from biceps brachii during isometric voluntary contraction at various force levels. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2009; 19:252-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2007.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2006] [Revised: 08/30/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Shukla D, Saxena S, Jayamurthy P, Sairam M, Singh M, Jain SK, Bansal A, Ilavazaghan G. Hypoxic Preconditioning with Cobalt Attenuates Hypobaric Hypoxia-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rat Lungs. High Alt Med Biol 2009; 10:57-69. [DOI: 10.1089/ham.2008.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Shukla
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Saurabh Saxena
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Purushotman Jayamurthy
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Mustoori Sairam
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Mrinalini Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | | | - Anju Bansal
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Govindaswamy Ilavazaghan
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
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Dutta A, Ray K, Singh VK, Vats P, Singh SN, Singh SB. l-carnitine supplementation attenuates intermittent hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and delays muscle fatigue in rats. Exp Physiol 2008; 93:1139-46. [DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2008.042465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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