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Liu B, Qian Y, Wang J. EDDSN-MRT: multiple rodent tracking based on ear detection and dual siamese network for rodent social behavior analysis. BMC Neurosci 2023; 24:23. [PMID: 36973649 PMCID: PMC10044788 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-023-00787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rodent social behavior is a commonly used preclinical model to interrogate the mechanisms underpinning various human neurological conditions. To investigate the interplay between neural systems and social behaviors, neuroscientists need a precise quantitative measure for multi-rodent tracking and behavior assessment in laboratory settings. However, identifying individual differences across multiple rodents due to visual occlusion precludes the generation of stable individual tracks across time. METHODS To overcome the present limitations of multi-rodent tracking, we have developed an Ear Detection and Dual Siamese Network for Multiple Rodent Tracking (EDDSN-MRT). The aim of this study is to validate the EDDSN-MRT system in mice using a publicly available dataset and compare it with several current state-of-the-art methods for behavioral assessment. To demonstrate its application and effectiveness in the assessment of multi-rodent social behavior, we implemented an intermittent fasting intervention experiment on 4 groups of mice (each group is with different ages and fasting status and contains 8 individuals). We used the EDDSN-MRT system to track multiple mice simultaneously and for the identification and analysis of individual differences in rodent social behavior and compared our proposed method with Toxtrac and idtracker.ai. RESULTS The locomotion behavior of up to 4 mice can be tracked simultaneously using the EDDSN-MRT system. Unexpectedly, we found intermittent fasting led to a decrease in the spatial distribution of the mice, contrasting with previous findings. Furthermore, we show that the EDDSN-MRT system can be used to analyze the social behavior of multiple mice of different ages and fasting status and provide data on locomotion behavior across multiple mice simultaneously. CONCLUSIONS Compared with several state-of-the-art methods, the EDDSN-MRT system provided better tracking performance according to Multiple Object Tracking Accuracy (MOTA) and ID Correct Rate (ICR). External experimental validation suggests that the EDDSN-MRT system has sensitivity to distinguish the behaviors of mice on different intermittent fasting regimens. The EDDSN-MRT system code is freely available here: https://github.com/fliessen/EDDSN-MRT .
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbin Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxuan Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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2
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Tyszkiewicz C, Bernardo V, Bhatt S, Goody S, Wisialowski T. A comparison of activity data generated from cardiovascular telemetry studies - With quantitative open field locomotor studies in Wistar Han rats. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2023; 119:107208. [PMID: 35944806 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2022.107208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Compound-mediated locomotion changes, conducted via open field infrared photobeam breaks, are an important common component of neurological assessments conducted in safety pharmacology studies. In addition to open field locomotor activity assessments, activity data (derived from changes in signal strength) from cardiovascular (CV) telemetry studies can also be an alternative method potentially used to assess locomotor effects. However, comparisons of these two methods have not been extensively characterized. The goal of this work was to compare these two methodologies to assess activity in rats using reference compounds known to have central nervous system (CNS)-stimulant (preladenant) or CNS-depressant (chlorpromazine) effects. Open field activity was conducted using the Kinder Scientific Motor Monitor system and data were collected for 30 min at each drug's expected time of maximum plasma exposure (Tmax). Telemetry-based CV assessment data were continuously acquired using DSI radiotelemetry instrumented animals for 24 h postdose (HPD). Drugs were administered during the lights-on period for both study types. Administration of preladenant caused increases in activity within 0.5-2 HPD for both methods. While administration of chlorpromazine caused decreases in activity in the infrared beam-based open field assessment (1.0-1.5 HPD), there was no effect on telemetry-derived activity during a similar time period. However, telemetry-derived decreases in activity were observed during the lights-off period (16-20 HPD), suggesting CNS-depressant compounds may be mischaracterized if the optimal dose administration time is not selected based on the light/dark cycle and pharmacokinetics. Overall, these results suggest that telemetry-based activity assessment is capable of detecting CNS-stimulant effects of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Tyszkiewicz
- Comparative Medicine, Pfizer Worldwide R&D and Medical, Groton, CT 06340, United States of America
| | - Vincent Bernardo
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide R&D and Medical, Groton, CT 06340, United States of America
| | - Siddhartha Bhatt
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide R&D and Medical, Groton, CT 06340, United States of America
| | - Susan Goody
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide R&D and Medical, Groton, CT 06340, United States of America
| | - Todd Wisialowski
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide R&D and Medical, Groton, CT 06340, United States of America.
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Van Daele M, Cooper SL, Pannucci P, Wragg ES, March J, de Jong I, Woolard J. Monitoring haemodynamic changes in rodent models to better inform safety pharmacology: Novel insights from in vivo studies and waveform analysis. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 11:20480040221092893. [PMID: 35646334 PMCID: PMC9133998 DOI: 10.1177/20480040221092893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models are essential for assessing cardiovascular responses to novel therapeutics. Cardiovascular safety liabilities represent a leading cause of drug attrition and better preclinical measurements are essential to predict drug-related toxicities. Presently, radiotelemetric approaches recording blood pressure are routinely used in preclinical in vivo haemodynamic assessments, providing valuable information on therapy-associated cardiovascular effects. Nonetheless, this technique is chiefly limited to the monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate alone. Alongside these measurements, Doppler flowmetry can provide additional information on the vasculature by simultaneously measuring changes in blood flow in multiple different regional vascular beds. However, due to the time-consuming and expensive nature of this approach, it is not widely used in the industry. Currently, analysis of waveform data obtained from telemetry and Doppler flowmetry typically examines averages or peak values of waveforms. Subtle changes in the morphology and variability of physiological waveforms have previously been shown to be early markers of toxicity and pathology. Therefore, a detailed analysis of pressure and flowmetry waveforms could enhance the understanding of toxicological mechanisms and the ability to translate these preclinical observations to clinical outcomes. In this review, we give an overview of the different approaches to monitor the effects of drugs on cardiovascular parameters (particularly regional blood flow, heart rate and blood pressure) and suggest that further development of waveform analysis could enhance our understanding of safety pharmacology, providing valuable information without increasing the number of in vivo studies needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Van Daele
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Samantha L Cooper
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Patrizia Pannucci
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Edward S Wragg
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Julie March
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Iwan de Jong
- Maastricht Instruments BV, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanette Woolard
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
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Demirel E, Arnold C, Garg J, Jäger MA, Sticht C, Li R, Kuk H, Wettschureck N, Hecker M, Korff T. RGS5 Attenuates Baseline Activity of ERK1/2 and Promotes Growth Arrest of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Cells 2021; 10:1748. [PMID: 34359918 PMCID: PMC8306326 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulator of G-protein signaling 5 (RGS5) acts as an inhibitor of Gαq/11 and Gαi/o activity in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which regulate arterial tone and blood pressure. While RGS5 has been described as a crucial determinant regulating the VSMC responses during various vascular remodeling processes, its regulatory features in resting VSMCs and its impact on their phenotype are still under debate and were subject of this study. While Rgs5 shows a variable expression in mouse arteries, neither global nor SMC-specific genetic ablation of Rgs5 affected the baseline blood pressure yet elevated the phosphorylation level of the MAP kinase ERK1/2. Comparable results were obtained with 3D cultured resting VSMCs. In contrast, overexpression of RGS5 in 2D-cultured proliferating VSMCs promoted their resting state as evidenced by microarray-based expression profiling and attenuated the activity of Akt- and MAP kinase-related signaling cascades. Moreover, RGS5 overexpression attenuated ERK1/2 phosphorylation, VSMC proliferation, and migration, which was mimicked by selectively inhibiting Gαi/o but not Gαq/11 activity. Collectively, the heterogeneous expression of Rgs5 suggests arterial blood vessel type-specific functions in mouse VSMCs. This comprises inhibition of acute agonist-induced Gαq/11/calcium release as well as the support of a resting VSMC phenotype with low ERK1/2 activity by suppressing the activity of Gαi/o.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Demirel
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Caroline Arnold
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jaspal Garg
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marius Andreas Jäger
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hanna Kuk
- The Ottawa Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Korff
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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5
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Pansani AP, Schoorlemmer GH, Ferreira CB, Rossi MV, Angheben JMM, Ghazale PP, Gomes KP, Cravo SL. Chronic apnea during REM sleep increases arterial pressure and sympathetic modulation in rats. Sleep 2021; 44:5999487. [PMID: 33231257 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Obstructive sleep apnea can induce hypertension. Apneas in REM may be particularly problematic: they are independently associated with hypertension. We examined the role of sleep stage and awakening on acute cardiovascular responses to apnea. In addition, we measured cardiovascular and sympathetic changes induced by chronic sleep apnea in REM sleep. METHODS We used rats with tracheal balloons and electroencephalogram and electromyogram electrodes to induce obstructive apnea during wakefulness and sleep. We measured the electrocardiogram and arterial pressure by telemetry and breathing effort with a thoracic balloon. RESULTS Apneas induced during wakefulness caused a pressor response, intense bradycardia, and breathing effort. On termination of apnea, arterial pressure, heart rate, and breathing effort returned to basal levels within 10 s. Responses to apnea were strongly blunted when apneas were made in sleep. Post-apnea changes were also blunted when rats did not awake from apnea. Chronic sleep apnea (15 days of apnea during REM sleep, 8 h/day, 13.8 ± 2 apneas/h, average duration 12 ± 0.7 s) reduced sleep time, increased awake arterial pressure from 111 ± 6 to 118 ± 5 mmHg (p < 0.05) and increased a marker for sympathetic activity. Chronic apnea failed to change spontaneous baroreceptor sensitivity. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that sleep blunts the diving-like response induced by apnea and that acute post-apnea changes depend on awakening. In addition, our data confirm that 2 weeks of apnea during REM causes sleep disruption and increases blood pressure and sympathetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline P Pansani
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guus H Schoorlemmer
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline B Ferreira
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio V Rossi
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Poliana P Ghazale
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina P Gomes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Sergio L Cravo
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Reisert J, Golden GJ, Dibattista M, Gelperin A. Odor sampling strategies in mice with genetically altered olfactory responses. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249798. [PMID: 33939692 PMCID: PMC8092659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral sensory cells and the central neuronal circuits that monitor environmental changes to drive behaviors should be adapted to match the behaviorally relevant kinetics of incoming stimuli, be it the detection of sound frequencies, the speed of moving objects or local temperature changes. Detection of odorants begins with the activation of olfactory receptor neurons in the nasal cavity following inhalation of air and airborne odorants carried therein. Thus, olfactory receptor neurons are stimulated in a rhythmic and repeated fashion that is determined by the breathing or sniffing frequency that can be controlled and altered by the animal. This raises the question of how the response kinetics of olfactory receptor neurons are matched to the imposed stimulation frequency and if, vice versa, the kinetics of olfactory receptor neuron responses determine the sniffing frequency. We addressed this question by using a mouse model that lacks the K+-dependent Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 4 (NCKX4), which results in markedly slowed response termination of olfactory receptor neuron responses and hence changes the temporal response kinetics of these neurons. We monitored sniffing behaviors of freely moving wildtype and NCKX4 knockout mice while they performed olfactory Go/NoGo discrimination tasks. Knockout mice performed with similar or, surprisingly, better accuracy compared to wildtype mice, but chose, depending on the task, different odorant sampling durations depending on the behavioral demands of the odorant identification task. Similarly, depending on the demands of the behavioral task, knockout mice displayed a lower basal breathing frequency prior to odorant sampling, a possible mechanism to increase the dynamic range for changes in sniffing frequency during odorant sampling. Overall, changes in sniffing behavior between wildtype and NCKX4 knockout mice were subtle, suggesting that, at least for the particular odorant-driven task we used, slowed response termination of the odorant-induced receptor neuron response either has a limited detrimental effect on odorant-driven behavior or mice are able to compensate via an as yet unknown mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Reisert
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JR); (AG)
| | - Glen J. Golden
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Michele Dibattista
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Alan Gelperin
- Princeton Neuroscience Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JR); (AG)
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Phan DT, Phan TTV, Bui NT, Park S, Choi J, Oh J. A portable device with low-power consumption for monitoring mouse vital signs during in vivo photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. Physiol Meas 2021; 41:125011. [PMID: 32674080 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aba6a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to monitor the physiological changes and cytotoxic effects of exogenous contrast agents during photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal therapy (PTT). In this paper, a low-power telemetric device for mouse vital signs monitoring was designed and demonstrated. APPROACH The power consumption was optimized through hardware and software co-design with a 17% increased operating time compared with typical operation. To demonstrate the feasibility of the monitoring device, PAI and PTT experiments with chitosan-polypyrrole nanocomposites (CS-PPy NCs) as exogenous contrast agents were conducted. Herein, the physiological variation in groups of mice with different CS-PPy NC concentrations was observed and analyzed. MAIN RESULTS The experimental results indicated the influence of CS-PPy NCs and anesthesia on mouse vital signs in PAI and PTT. Additionally, the association between core temperature, heart rate, and saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) during PAI and PTT was shown. The strong near-infrared absorbance of exogenous contrast agents could account for the increase in mouse core temperature and tumor temperature in this study. Furthermore, high cross-correlation values between core temperature, heart rate, and SpO2 were demonstrated to explain the fluctuation of mouse vital signs during PAI and PTT. SIGNIFICANCE A design of a vital signs monitoring device, with low power consumption, was introduced in this study. A high cross correlation coefficient of mouse vital signs and the effects of CS-PPy NCs were observed, which explained the mouse physiological variation during the PAI and PTT experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Tri Phan
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
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Steiner AR, Rousseau-Blass F, Schroeter A, Hartnack S, Bettschart-Wolfensberger R. Systematic Review: Anaesthetic Protocols and Management as Confounders in Rodent Blood Oxygen Level Dependent Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (BOLD fMRI)-Part A: Effects of Changes in Physiological Parameters. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:577119. [PMID: 33192261 PMCID: PMC7646331 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.577119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To understand brain function in health and disease, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used in rodent models. Because animals need to be immobilised for image acquisition, fMRI is commonly performed under anaesthesia. The choice of anaesthetic protocols and may affect fMRI readouts, either directly or via changing physiological balance, and thereby threaten the scientific validity of fMRI in rodents. Methods: The present study systematically reviewed the literature investigating the influence of different anaesthesia regimes and changes in physiological parameters as confounders of blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI in rats and mice. Four databases were searched, studies selected according to pre-defined criteria, and risk of bias assessed for each study. Results are reported in two separate articles; this part of the review focuses on effects of changes in physiological parameters. Results: A total of 121 publications was included, of which 49 addressed effects of changes in physiological parameters. Risk of bias was high in all included studies. Blood oxygenation [arterial partial pressure of oxygen (paO2)], ventilation [arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (paCO2)] and arterial blood pressure affected BOLD fMRI readouts across various experimental paradigms. Conclusions: Blood oxygenation, ventilation and arterial blood pressure should be monitored and maintained at stable physiological levels throughout experiments. Appropriate anaesthetic management and monitoring are crucial to obtain scientifically valid, reproducible results from fMRI studies in rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline R. Steiner
- Section of Anaesthesiology, Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frédérik Rousseau-Blass
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Aileen Schroeter
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Hartnack
- Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Regula Bettschart-Wolfensberger
- Section of Anaesthesiology, Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Nelson BD, Karipott SS, Wang Y, Ong KG. Wireless Technologies for Implantable Devices. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E4604. [PMID: 32824365 PMCID: PMC7474418 DOI: 10.3390/s20164604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Wireless technologies are incorporated in implantable devices since at least the 1950s. With remote data collection and control of implantable devices, these wireless technologies help researchers and clinicians to better understand diseases and to improve medical treatments. Today, wireless technologies are still more commonly used for research, with limited applications in a number of clinical implantable devices. Recent development and standardization of wireless technologies present a good opportunity for their wider use in other types of implantable devices, which will significantly improve the outcomes of many diseases or injuries. This review briefly describes some common wireless technologies and modern advancements, as well as their strengths and suitability for use in implantable medical devices. The applications of these wireless technologies in treatments of orthopedic and cardiovascular injuries and disorders are described. This review then concludes with a discussion on the technical challenges and potential solutions of implementing wireless technologies in implantable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley D. Nelson
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; (B.D.N.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Salil Sidharthan Karipott
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; (B.D.N.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Yvonne Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA;
| | - Keat Ghee Ong
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; (B.D.N.); (S.S.K.)
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Reisert J, Golden GJ, Dibattista M, Gelperin A. Dynamics of odor sampling strategies in mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237756. [PMID: 32797072 PMCID: PMC7428156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian olfactory receptor neurons in the nasal cavity are stimulated by odorants carried by the inhaled air and their activation is therefore tied to and driven by the breathing or sniffing frequency. Sniffing frequency can be deliberately modulated to alter how odorants stimulate olfactory receptor neurons, giving the animal control over the frequency of odorant exposure to potentially aid odorant detection and discrimination. We monitored sniffing behaviors and odorant discrimination ability of freely-moving mice while they sampled either decreasing concentrations of target odorants or sampled a fixed target odorant concentration in the presence of a background of increasing odorant concentrations, using a Go-NoGo behavioral paradigm. This allowed us to ask how mice alter their odorant sampling duration and sampling (sniffing) frequency depending on the demands of the task and its difficulty. Mice showed an anticipatory increase in sniffing rate prior to odorant exposure and chose to sample for longer durations when exposed to odorants as compared to the solvent control odorant. Similarly, mice also took more odorant sampling sniffs when exposed to target odorants compared to the solvent control odorant. In general, odorant sampling strategies became more similar the more difficult the task was, e.g. the lower the target odorant concentration or the lower the target odorant contrast relative to the background odorant, suggesting that sniffing patterns are not preset, but are dynamically modulated by the particular task and its difficulty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Reisert
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Glen J. Golden
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Michele Dibattista
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Alan Gelperin
- Department of Neuroscience, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
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Katsurada K, Nakata M, Saito T, Zhang B, Maejima Y, Nandi SS, Sharma NM, Patel KP, Kario K, Yada T. Central Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Signaling via Brainstem Catecholamine Neurons Counteracts Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12986. [PMID: 31537818 PMCID: PMC6753091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49364-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists, widely used to treat type 2 diabetes, reduce blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients. Whether this action involves central mechanisms is unknown. We here report that repeated lateral ventricular (LV) injection of GLP-1R agonist, liraglutide, once daily for 15 days counteracted the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In parallel, it suppressed urinary norepinephrine excretion, and induced c-Fos expressions in the area postrema (AP) and nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) of brainstem including the NTS neurons immunoreactive to dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH). Acute administration of liraglutide into fourth ventricle, the area with easy access to the AP and NTS, transiently decreased BP in SHR and this effect was attenuated after lesion of NTS DBH neurons with anti-DBH conjugated to saporin (anti-DBH-SAP). In anti-DBH-SAP injected SHR, the antihypertensive effect of repeated LV injection of liraglutide for 14 days was also attenuated. These findings demonstrate that the central GLP-1R signaling via NTS DBH neurons counteracts the development of hypertension in SHR, accompanied by attenuated sympathetic nerve activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Katsurada
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.,Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, USA
| | - Masanori Nakata
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Saito
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Boyang Zhang
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yuko Maejima
- Department of Pharmacology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shyam S Nandi
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, USA
| | - Neeru M Sharma
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, USA
| | - Kaushik P Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, USA
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Yada
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan. .,Center for Integrative Physiology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, 1-5-6 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuou-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan. .,Division of System Neuroscience, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuou-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
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12
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Potoka KP, Wood KC, Baust JJ, Bueno M, Hahn SA, Vanderpool RR, Bachman T, Mallampalli GM, Osei-Hwedieh DO, Schrott V, Sun B, Bullock GC, Becker-Pelster EM, Wittwer M, Stampfuss J, Mathar I, Stasch JP, Truebel H, Sandner P, Mora AL, Straub AC, Gladwin MT. Nitric Oxide-Independent Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Activation Improves Vascular Function and Cardiac Remodeling in Sickle Cell Disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 58:636-647. [PMID: 29268036 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0292oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with intravascular hemolysis and oxidative inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) signaling. BAY 54-6544 is a small-molecule activator of oxidized soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), which, unlike endogenous NO and the sGC stimulator, BAY 41-8543, preferentially binds and activates heme-free, NO-insensitive sGC to restore enzymatic cGMP production. We tested orally delivered sGC activator, BAY 54-6544 (17 mg/kg/d), sGC stimulator, BAY 41-8543, sildenafil, and placebo for 4-12 weeks in the Berkeley transgenic mouse model of SCD (BERK-SCD) and their hemizygous (Hemi) littermate controls (BERK-Hemi). Right ventricular (RV) maximum systolic pressure (RVmaxSP) was measured using micro right-heart catheterization. RV hypertrophy (RVH) was determined using Fulton's index and RV corrected weight (ratio of RV to tibia). Pulmonary artery vasoreactivity was tested for endothelium-dependent and -independent vessel relaxation. Right-heart catheterization revealed higher RVmaxSP and RVH in BERK-SCD versus BERK-Hemi, which worsened with age. Treatment with the sGC activator more effectively lowered RVmaxSP and RVH, with 90-day treatment delivering superior results, when compared with other treatments and placebo groups. In myography experiments, acetylcholine-induced (endothelium-dependent) and sodium-nitroprusside-induced (endothelium-independent NO donor) relaxation of the pulmonary artery harvested from placebo-treated BERK-SCD was impaired relative to BERK-Hemi but improved after therapy with sGC activator. By contrast, no significant effect for sGC stimulator or sildenafil was observed in BERK-SCD. These findings suggest that sGC is oxidized in the pulmonary arteries of transgenic SCD mice, leading to blunted responses to NO, and that the sGC activator, BAY 54-6544, may represent a novel therapy for SCD-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension and cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin P Potoka
- 1 Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics.,2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine
| | - Katherine C Wood
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine.,3 University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey J Baust
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine
| | - Marta Bueno
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine.,4 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott A Hahn
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Tim Bachman
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine
| | - Grace M Mallampalli
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine.,3 University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Valerie Schrott
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine
| | - Bin Sun
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine
| | - Grant C Bullock
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hubert Truebel
- 5 Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany.,6 University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Peter Sandner
- 5 Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany.,8 Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Ana L Mora
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine.,4 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Adam C Straub
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine.,9 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- 2 Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine.,4 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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13
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Methods in Rodent Chemosensory Cognition. Methods Mol Biol 2019. [PMID: 29884949 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8609-5_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Olfactory information processing and learning are highly developed computational abilities of rodents. These attributes can be exploited to ask questions at several levels of complexity, from aspects of odorant binding by olfactory receptors to higher order learning about the predictive consequences of odorant stimulus presentation. Quantitative understanding of rodent odorant sampling patterns, both baseline nasal breathing and odorant-stimulated sniffing, is critical to elucidating mechanisms of olfactory information processing, from primary olfactory receptors to cortical centers that synthesize olfactory percepts from preprocessed multimodal inputs. This chapter outlines an innovative new method for measuring breathing and sniffing rates in unrestrained mice while the mice are performing odor-guided tasks in a computer controlled olfactometer.The method described here involves implantation of a wireless pressure sensor in the mouse that reports on thoracic pressure transients caused by breathing and sniffing. Recordings of pressure sensor outputs are made simultaneously with optically-sensed nose pokes by the mouse into an odor delivery port or a water delivery port. Odorant delivery timing and water reward delivery are also recorded simultaneously. This method allows for breathing and sniffing dependent thoracic pressure transients to be recorded with high temporal precision before, during, and after the mouse approaches an odor delivery port, samples the delivered odor, and obtains a water reward contingent on the identity of the odor that was presented and sampled.
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14
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Arnold C, Feldner A, Zappe M, Komljenovic D, De La Torre C, Ruzicka P, Hecker M, Neuhofer W, Korff T. Genetic ablation of NFAT5/TonEBP in smooth muscle cells impairs flow- and pressure-induced arterial remodeling in mice. FASEB J 2018; 33:3364-3377. [PMID: 30383452 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801594r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The arterial wall adapts to alterations in blood flow and pressure by remodeling the cellular and extracellular architecture. Biomechanical stress of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the media is thought to precede this process and promote their activation and subsequent proliferation. However, molecular determinants orchestrating the transcriptional phenotype under these conditions have been insufficiently studied. We identified the transcription factor, nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5; or tonicity enhancer-binding protein) as a crucial regulatory element of mechanical stress responses of VSMCs. Here, the relevance of NFAT5 for arterial growth and thickening is investigated in mice upon inducible smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific genetic ablation of Nfat5. In cultured mouse VSMCs, loss of Nfat5 inhibits the expression of gene sets involved in the control of the cell cycle and the interaction with the extracellular matrix and cytoskeletal dynamics. In vivo, SMC-specific knockout of Nfat5 did not affect the general vascular architecture and blood pressure levels under baseline conditions. However, proliferation of VSMCs and the thickening of the arterial wall were inhibited during both flow-induced collateral remodeling and hypertension-mediated arterial hypertrophy. Whereas originally described as a hypertonicity-responsive transcription factor, these findings identify NFAT5 as a novel molecular determinant of biomechanically induced phenotype changes of VSMCs and wall stress-induced arterial remodeling processes.-Arnold, C., Feldner, A., Zappe, M., Komljenovic, D., De La Torre, C., Ruzicka, P., Hecker, M., Neuhofer, W., Korff, T. Genetic ablation of NFAT5/TonEBP in smooth muscle cells impairs flow- and pressure-induced arterial remodeling in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Arnold
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Feldner
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maren Zappe
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dorde Komljenovic
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carolina De La Torre
- Center of Medical Research, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Ruzicka
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Neuhofer
- Medical Clinic V, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Korff
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Paternal cholestasis exacerbates obesity-associated hypertension in male offspring but is prevented by paternal ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:319-330. [PMID: 29795465 PMCID: PMC6124644 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a heterogeneous phenotype and risk associations to non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes are influenced by several factors. The paternal metabolic status at the time of conception influences offspring susceptibility to developing obesity and adiposity-associated cardiometabolic disease. Cholestatic liver diseases are characterized by raised circulating serum bile acid levels and dyslipidemia, and are commonly treated with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). We hypothesized that paternal cholestasis alters offspring susceptibility to developing obesity and adiposity-associated cardiometabolic disease and that this may be modified by paternal UDCA treatment. Methods: Cholestasis was induced in male C57BL/6 mice with a 0.5% cholic acid (CA)-supplemented diet for 10 weeks prior to mating with normal chow (NC)-fed females. Offspring of cholestatic and NC-fed fathers were fed either a NC diet or challenged with an obesogenic ‘western diet’ (WD) from 12 weeks of age. Offspring body weight and cardiometabolic function were assessed, and the impact of treatment of paternal cholestasis with UDCA was evaluated. Results: Male offspring (18 weeks old) of cholestatic fathers challenged with WD had raised fasting insulin, hepatic triglyceride content and serum cholesterol levels compared to diet-matched controls. At 25–29 weeks of age, WD-fed male offspring of cholestatic fathers had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure than controls and this was prevented by paternal UDCA treatment. In contrast, WD-challenged female offspring of cholestatic fathers showed improved glucose tolerance compared to controls. Conclusions: We demonstrated in our model of paternal cholestasis that offspring susceptibility to adiposity-associated cardiometabolic disease is affected in a sex-specific manner and paternal UDCA treatment had a protective effect against hypertension in the obese male offspring. The most prevalent human cholestatic conditions are primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cholangitis. These findings are of clinical relevance to children of men with these conditions.
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16
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Implantation of subcutaneous heart rate data loggers in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina). Polar Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-017-2144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Popova A, Tsvirkun D, Dolgov O, Anokhin K, Alberts J, Lagereva E, Custaud MA, Gauquelin-Koch G, Vinogradova O, Andreev-Andrievskiy A. Adaptation to a blood pressure telemetry system revealed by measures of activity, agility and operant learning in mice. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2017; 85:29-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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18
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Thatcher SE. A Brief Introduction into the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System: New and Old Techniques. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1614:1-19. [PMID: 28500591 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7030-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a complex system of enzymes, receptors, and peptides that help to control blood pressure and fluid homeostasis. Techniques in studying the RAAS can be difficult due to such factors as peptide/enzyme stability and receptor localization. This paper gives a brief account of the different components of the RAAS and current methods in measuring each component. There is also a discussion of different methods in measuring stem and immune cells by flow cytometry, hypertension, atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, energy balance, and other RAAS-activated phenotypes. While studies on the RAAS have been performed for over 100 years, new techniques have allowed scientists to come up with new insights into this system. These techniques are detailed in this Methods in Molecular Biology Series and give students new to studying the RAAS the proper controls and technical details needed to perform each procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean E Thatcher
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Charles T. Wethington Bldg, 593, 900 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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19
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Lewis R, Curtis JT. Male prairie voles display cardiovascular dipping associated with an ultradian activity cycle. Physiol Behav 2016; 156:106-16. [PMID: 26780151 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mammals typically display alternating active and resting phases and, in most species, these rhythms follow a circadian pattern. The active and resting phases often are accompanied by corresponding physiological changes. In humans, blood pressure decreases during the resting phase of the activity cycle, and the magnitude of that "nocturnal dipping" has been used to stratify patients according to the risk for cardiovascular disease. However, in contrast to most mammals, prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) have periods of activity and rest that follow an ultradian rhythm with period lengths significantly <24h. While rhythmic changes in blood pressure across a circadian activity cycle have been well-documented, blood pressure patterns in species that display ultradian rhythms in activity are less well-studied. In the current study, we implanted pressure-sensitive radiotelemetry devices in male prairie voles and recorded activity, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) continuously for 3days. Visualization of the ultradian rhythms was enhanced using a 1h running average to filter the dataset. Positive correlations were found between activity and MAP and between activity and HR. During the inactive period of the ultradian cycle, blood pressure decreased by about 15%, which parallels the nocturnal dipping pattern seen in healthy humans. Further, the duration of inactivity did not affect any of the cardiovascular measures, so the differences in blood pressure values between the active and inactive periods are likely driven by ultradian oscillations in hormones and autonomic function. Finally, specific behavioral patterns also were examined. Both the instrumented animal and his non-instrumented cagemate appeared to show synchronized activity patterns, with both animals displaying sleep-like behavior for more than 90% of the inactive period. We propose that the prairie vole ultradian rhythm in blood pressure is an analogue for circadian blood pressure variability and can be used to study the long-term effects of commonly prescribed drugs on blood pressure dipping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lewis
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 W. 17th St., Tulsa, OK 74107, United States.
| | - J Thomas Curtis
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 W. 17th St., Tulsa, OK 74107, United States.
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20
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Thoonen R, Cauwels A, Decaluwe K, Geschka S, Tainsh RE, Delanghe J, Hochepied T, De Cauwer L, Rogge E, Voet S, Sips P, Karas RH, Bloch KD, Vuylsteke M, Stasch JP, Van de Voorde J, Buys ES, Brouckaert P. Cardiovascular and pharmacological implications of haem-deficient NO-unresponsive soluble guanylate cyclase knock-in mice. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8482. [PMID: 26442659 PMCID: PMC4699393 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, a central mediator of cardiovascular disease, results in loss of the prosthetic haem group of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), preventing its activation by nitric oxide (NO). Here we introduce Apo-sGC mice expressing haem-free sGC. Apo-sGC mice are viable and develop hypertension. The haemodynamic effects of NO are abolished, but those of the sGC activator cinaciguat are enhanced in apo-sGC mice, suggesting that the effects of NO on smooth muscle relaxation, blood pressure regulation and inhibition of platelet aggregation require sGC activation by NO. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-induced hypotension and mortality are preserved in apo-sGC mice, indicating that pathways other than sGC signalling mediate the cardiovascular collapse in shock. Apo-sGC mice allow for differentiation between sGC-dependent and -independent NO effects and between haem-dependent and -independent sGC effects. Apo-sGC mice represent a unique experimental platform to study the in vivo consequences of sGC oxidation and the therapeutic potential of sGC activators. Haem-free, NO-insensitive soluble guanylate cyclase (apo-sGC) generated during oxidative stress contributes to cardiovascular pathology. By generating and characterizing apo-sGC knock-in mice, Thoonen et al. provide a scientific ground for the therapeutic concept of sGC activators, and dissect the relevance of the NO-sGC axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robrecht Thoonen
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anje Cauwels
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Decaluwe
- Department of Pharmacology, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra Geschka
- Cardiovascular Research, Bayer Pharma AG, D-42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Robert E Tainsh
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Joris Delanghe
- Department of Clinical Biology, Ghent University Hospital, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tino Hochepied
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lode De Cauwer
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elke Rogge
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Voet
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Sips
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard H Karas
- Molecular Cardiology Research Center, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston Massachusetts 02111, USA
| | - Kenneth D Bloch
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Marnik Vuylsteke
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johannes-Peter Stasch
- Cardiovascular Research, Bayer Pharma AG, D-42096 Wuppertal, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Emmanuel S Buys
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Peter Brouckaert
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
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21
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Impaired nitric oxide production and increased blood pressure in systemic heterozygous ATP2B1 null mice. J Hypertens 2015; 32:1415-23; discussion 1423. [PMID: 24805951 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the 'Millennium Genome Project', we identified ATP2B1 as a gene responsible for hypertension through single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis. The ATP2B1 gene encodes the plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 1, which contributes to the maintenance of intracellular calcium homeostasis by removing calcium ions. METHOD Since ATP2B1 knockout mice are reported to be embryo-lethal, we generated systemic heterozygous ATP2B1 null (ATP2B1(+/-)) mice, and evaluated the implication of ATP2B1 in blood pressure. RESULTS ATP2B1(+/-) mice revealed significantly higher SBP as measured by a radiotelemetric method. Phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction was significantly increased in vascular rings from ATP2B1(+/-) mice, and the difference in this contraction disappeared in the presence of a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Vasorelaxation to acetylcholine was significantly attenuated in vascular rings from ATP2B1(+/-) mice. In addition, cultured endothelial cells of ATP2B1(+/-) mice showed that the phosphorylation (Ser-1177) level of endothelial NOS protein was significantly lower, and nitric oxide production in endothelial cells and aorta was lower compared with those in control mice. In contrast, neural NOS expression in vascular smooth muscle cells from ATP2B1(+/-) mice and control mice were not significantly different. CONCLUSION These results suggest that decreased ATP2B1 gene expression is associated with impaired endothelial NOS activity and nitric oxide production, and the ATP2B1 gene plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure.
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22
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Szalai G, Romero R, Chaiworapongsa T, Xu Y, Wang B, Ahn H, Xu Z, Chiang PJ, Sundell B, Wang R, Jiang Y, Plazyo O, Olive M, Tarca AL, Dong Z, Qureshi F, Papp Z, Hassan SS, Hernandez-Andrade E, Than NG. Full-length human placental sFlt-1-e15a isoform induces distinct maternal phenotypes of preeclampsia in mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119547. [PMID: 25860260 PMCID: PMC4393117 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most anti-angiogenic preeclampsia models in rodents utilized the overexpression of a truncated soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) not expressed in any species. Other limitations of mouse preeclampsia models included stressful blood pressure measurements and the lack of postpartum monitoring. We aimed to 1) develop a mouse model of preeclampsia by administering the most abundant human placental sFlt-1 isoform (hsFlt-1-e15a) in preeclampsia; 2) determine blood pressures in non-stressed conditions; and 3) develop a survival surgery that enables the collection of fetuses and placentas and postpartum (PP) monitoring. METHODS Pregnancy status of CD-1 mice was evaluated with high-frequency ultrasound on gestational days (GD) 6 and 7. Telemetry catheters were implanted in the carotid artery on GD7, and their positions were verified by ultrasound on GD13. Mice were injected through tail-vein with adenoviruses expressing hsFlt-1-e15a (n = 11) or green fluorescent protein (GFP; n = 9) on GD8/GD11. Placentas and pups were delivered by cesarean section on GD18 allowing PP monitoring. Urine samples were collected with cystocentesis on GD6/GD7, GD13, GD18, and PPD8, and albumin/creatinine ratios were determined. GFP and hsFlt-1-e15a expression profiles were determined by qRT-PCR. Aortic ring assays were performed to assess the effect of hsFlt-1-e15a on endothelia. RESULTS Ultrasound predicted pregnancy on GD7 in 97% of cases. Cesarean section survival rate was 100%. Mean arterial blood pressure was higher in hsFlt-1-e15a-treated than in GFP-treated mice (∆MAP = 13.2 mmHg, p = 0.00107; GD18). Focal glomerular changes were found in hsFlt-1-e15a -treated mice, which had higher urine albumin/creatinine ratios than controls (109.3 ± 51.7 μg/mg vs. 19.3 ± 5.6 μg/mg, p = 4.4 x 10(-2); GD18). Aortic ring assays showed a 46% lesser microvessel outgrowth in hsFlt-1-e15a-treated than in GFP-treated mice (p = 1.2 x 10(-2)). Placental and fetal weights did not differ between the groups. One mouse with liver disease developed early-onset preeclampsia-like symptoms with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). CONCLUSIONS A mouse model of late-onset preeclampsia was developed with the overexpression of hsFlt-1-e15a, verifying the in vivo pathologic effects of this primate-specific, predominant placental sFlt-1 isoform. HsFlt-1-e15a induced early-onset preeclampsia-like symptoms associated with IUGR in a mouse with a liver disease. Our findings support that hsFlt-1-e15a is central to the terminal pathway of preeclampsia, and it can induce the full spectrum of symptoms in this obstetrical syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Szalai
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yi Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Bing Wang
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Hyunyoung Ahn
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Zhonghui Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Po Jen Chiang
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Birgitta Sundell
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rona Wang
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yang Jiang
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Olesya Plazyo
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mary Olive
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Adi L. Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Zhong Dong
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Faisal Qureshi
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Maternity Private Department, Kutvolgyi Clinical Block, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sonia S. Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Edgar Hernandez-Andrade
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Maternity Private Department, Kutvolgyi Clinical Block, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Arnold C, Feldner A, Pfisterer L, Hödebeck M, Troidl K, Genové G, Wieland T, Hecker M, Korff T. RGS5 promotes arterial growth during arteriogenesis. EMBO Mol Med 2015; 6:1075-89. [PMID: 24972930 PMCID: PMC4154134 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201403864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arteriogenesis—the growth of collateral arterioles—partially compensates for the progressive occlusion of large conductance arteries as it may occur as a consequence of coronary, cerebral or peripheral artery disease. Despite being clinically highly relevant, mechanisms driving this process remain elusive. In this context, our study revealed that abundance of regulator of G-protein signalling 5 (RGS5) is increased in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of remodelling collateral arterioles. RGS5 terminates G-protein-coupled signalling cascades which control contractile responses of SMCs. Consequently, overexpression of RGS5 blunted Gαq/11-mediated mobilization of intracellular calcium, thereby facilitating Gα12/13-mediated RhoA signalling which is crucial for arteriogenesis. Knockdown of RGS5 evoked opposite effects and thus strongly impaired collateral growth as evidenced by a blockade of RhoA activation, SMC proliferation and the inability of these cells to acquire an activated phenotype in RGS5-deficient mice after the onset of arteriogenesis. Collectively, these findings establish RGS5 as a novel determinant of arteriogenesis which shifts G-protein signalling from Gαq/11-mediated calcium-dependent contraction towards Gα12/13-mediated Rho kinase-dependent SMC activation. Subject Categories Vascular Biology & Angiogenesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Arnold
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Feldner
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Larissa Pfisterer
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maren Hödebeck
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Troidl
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Guillem Genové
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Korff
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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24
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Berger JM, Vaillant N, Le May C, Calderon C, Brégeon J, Prieur X, Hadchouel J, Loirand G, Cariou B. PCSK9-deficiency does not alter blood pressure and sodium balance in mouse models of hypertension. Atherosclerosis 2015; 239:252-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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25
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Hye Khan MA, Pavlov TS, Christain SV, Neckář J, Staruschenko A, Gauthier KM, Capdevila JH, Falck JR, Campbell WB, Imig JD. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analogue lowers blood pressure through vasodilation and sodium channel inhibition. Clin Sci (Lond) 2014; 127:463-74. [PMID: 24707975 PMCID: PMC4167712 DOI: 10.1042/cs20130479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) contribute to haemodynamics, electrolyte homoeostasis and blood pressure regulation, leading to the concept that EETs can be therapeutically targeted for hypertension. In the present study, multiple structural EET analogues were synthesized based on the EET pharmacophore and vasodilator structure-activity studies. Four EET analogues with 91-119% vasodilatory activity in the isolated bovine coronary artery (EC50: 0.18-1.6 μM) were identified and studied for blood-pressure-lowering in hypertension. Two EET analogues in which the COOH group at carbon 1 of the EET pharmacophore was replaced with either an aspartic acid (EET-A) or a heterocyclic surrogate (EET-X) were administered for 14 days [10 mg/kg per day intraperitoneally (i.p.)]. Both EET-A and EET-X lowered blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and in angiotensin II (AngII) hypertension. On day 14, the mean arterial pressures in EET analogue-treated AngII-hypertensive and SHRs were 30-50 mmHg (EET-A) and 15-20 mmHg (EET-X) lower than those in vehicle-treated controls. These EET analogues (10 mg/kg per day) were further tested in AngII hypertension by administering orally in drinking water for 14 days and EET-A lowered blood pressure. Additional experiments demonstrated that EET-A inhibits epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity in cultured cortical collecting duct cells and reduced renal expression of ENaC subunits in AngII hypertension. In conclusion, we have characterized EET-A as an orally active antihypertensive EET analogue that protects vascular endothelial function and has ENaC inhibitory activity in AngII hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Hye Khan
- *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Tengis S Pavlov
- †Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Sarah V Christain
- *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | | | | | - Kathryn M Gauthier
- *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Jorge H Capdevila
- §Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, U.S.A
| | - John R Falck
- ∥Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, U.S.A
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26
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André G, Sandoval JE, Retailleau K, Loufrani L, Toumaniantz G, Offermanns S, Rolli-Derkinderen M, Loirand G, Sauzeau V. Smooth muscle specific Rac1 deficiency induces hypertension by preventing p116RIP3-dependent RhoA inhibition. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e000852. [PMID: 24938713 PMCID: PMC4309079 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.000852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence implicates overactivation of RhoA as a critical component of the pathogenesis of hypertension. Although a substantial body of work has established that Rac1 functions antagonize RhoA in a broad range of physiological processes, the role of Rac1 in the regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure is not fully elucidated. Methods and Results To define the role of Rac1 in vivo in vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMC), we generated smooth muscle (SM)‐specific Rac1 knockout mice (SM‐Rac1‐KO) and performed radiotelemetric blood pressure recordings, contraction measurements in arterial rings, vSMC cultures and biochemical analyses. SM‐Rac1‐KO mice develop high systolic blood pressure sensitive to Rho kinase inhibition by fasudil. Arteries from SM‐Rac1‐KO mice are characterized by a defective NO‐dependent vasodilation and an overactivation of RhoA/Rho kinase signaling. We provide evidence that Rac1 deletion‐induced hypertension is due to an alteration of cGMP signaling resulting from the loss of Rac1‐mediated control of type 5 PDE activity. Consequently, cGMP‐dependent phosphorylation and binding of RhoA with its inhibitory partner, the phosphatase‐RhoA interacting protein (p116RIP3), are decreased. Conclusions Our data reveal that the depletion of Rac1 in SMC decreases cGMP‐dependent p116RIP3/RhoA interaction and the subsequent inhibition of RhoA signaling. Thus, we unveil an in vivo role of Rac1 in arterial blood pressure regulation and a new pathway involving p116RIP3 that contributes to the antagonistic relationship between Rac1 and RhoA in vascular smooth muscle cells and their opposite roles in arterial tone and blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwennan André
- Inserm UMR_S1087, CNRS UMR_C6291, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.) Université de Nantes, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.)
| | - Juan E Sandoval
- Inserm UMR_S1087, CNRS UMR_C6291, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.) Université de Nantes, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.)
| | - Kevin Retailleau
- Inserm UMR_S1083, CNRS UMR_C6214, BNMI, Angers, F-49000, France (K.R., L.L.)
| | - Laurent Loufrani
- Inserm UMR_S1083, CNRS UMR_C6214, BNMI, Angers, F-49000, France (K.R., L.L.)
| | - Gilles Toumaniantz
- Inserm UMR_S1087, CNRS UMR_C6291, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.) Université de Nantes, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.)
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.O.)
| | - Malvyne Rolli-Derkinderen
- Inserm UMR_S1087, CNRS UMR_C6291, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.) Université de Nantes, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.)
| | - Gervaise Loirand
- Inserm UMR_S1087, CNRS UMR_C6291, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.) Université de Nantes, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.) CHU Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.L., V.S.)
| | - Vincent Sauzeau
- Inserm UMR_S1087, CNRS UMR_C6291, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.) Université de Nantes, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.A., J.E.S., G.T., M.R.D., G.L., V.S.) CHU Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, F-44000, France (G.L., V.S.)
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27
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Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-(1–7)/Mas axis in the hypotensive effect of azilsartan. Hypertens Res 2014; 37:616-20. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2014.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Reisert J, Golden GJ, Matsumura K, Smear M, Rinberg D, Gelperin A. Comparing thoracic and intra-nasal pressure transients to monitor active odor sampling during odor-guided decision making in the mouse. J Neurosci Methods 2013; 221:8-14. [PMID: 24056232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recording of physiological parameters in behaving mice has seen an immense increase over recent years driven by, for example, increased miniaturization of recording devices. One parameter particularly important for odorant-driven behaviors is the breathing frequency, since the latter dictates the rate of odorant delivery to the nasal cavity and the olfactory receptor neurons located therein. NEW METHOD Typically, breathing patterns are monitored by either measuring the breathing-induced temperature or pressure changes in the nasal cavity. Both require the implantation of a nasal cannula and tethering of the mouse to either a cable or tubing. To avoid these limitations we used an implanted pressure sensor which reads the thoracic pressure and transmits the data telemetrically, thus making it suitable for experiments which require a freely moving animal. RESULTS Mice performed a Go/NoGo odorant-driven behavioral task with the implanted pressure sensor, which proved to work reliably to allow recording of breathing signals over several weeks from a given animal. COMPARISON TO EXISTING METHOD(S) We simultaneously recorded the thoracic and nasal pressure changes and found that measuring the thoracic pressure change yielded similar results compared to measurements of nasal pressure changes. CONCLUSION Telemetrically recorded breathing signals are a feasible method to monitor odorant-guided behavioral changes in breathing rates. Its advantages are most significant when recording from a freely moving animal over several weeks. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods to record breathing patterns are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Reisert
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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29
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Einstein R, Billing RL, Singh A, Chin I. Implanted telemetry transmitters alter the noradrenergic response in vas deferens from mice. Altern Lab Anim 2013; 32 Suppl 1A:171-6. [PMID: 23577454 DOI: 10.1177/026119290403201s28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Implantable telemetry devices are widely used in experimental animals. We investigated the potential for such implants to induce stress in mice. Changes in body weight and post-mortem responses of the vas deferens to noradrenaline (as a measure of sympathetic activation) were measured 28 days after transmitter implantation. We examined the influence of the anaesthetic used during implantation (pentobarbitone or fentanyl/fluanisone/midazolam), the strain (Balb/c and CBA) and the body weight at the time of implantation (small = 19-24g; large = 27-30g). A sham-implantation procedure did not significantly affect the responses to noradrenaline. When telemetry transmitters were implanted in small mice of both strains, there was a significant increase in the maximum response to noradrenaline compared to that obtained in tissues from large mice. The anaesthetic used during implantation did not affect the responses to noradrenaline obtained post mortem. Mice of both strains had a significant post-operative weight loss and this was maintained for the experimental period. The results show that implantation of telemetry transmitters has a significant impact in mice that weigh < 25g.
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30
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Trivedi DB, Loftin CD, Clark J, Myers P, DeGraff LM, Cheng J, Zeldin DC, Langenbach R. β-Arrestin-2 deficiency attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in mice. Circ Res 2013; 112:1219-29. [PMID: 23524589 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.112.280399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a chronic inflammatory vascular disease for which pharmacological treatments are not available. A mouse model of AAA formation involves chronic infusion of angiotensin II (AngII), and previous studies indicated a primary role for the AngII type 1a receptor in AAA formation. β-arrestin (βarr)-2 is a multifunctional scaffolding protein that binds G-protein-coupled receptors such as AngII type 1a and regulates numerous signaling pathways and pathophysiological processes. However, a role for βarr2 in AngII-induced AAA formation is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine whether βarr2 played a role in AngII-induced AAA formation in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Treatment of βarr2(+/+) and βarr2(-/-) mice on the hyperlipidemic apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) background or on normolipidemic C57BL/6 background with AngII for 28 days indicated that βarr2 deficiency significantly attenuated AAA formation. βarr2 deficiency attenuated AngII-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α, and macrophage infiltration. AngII also increased the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in apoE(-/-)/βarr2(+/+) aortas, whereas βarr2 deficiency diminished this increase. Furthermore, inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation with CI1040 (100 mg/kg per day) reduced the level of AngII-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in apoE(-/-)/βarr2(+/+) mice to the level observed in apoE(-/-)/βarr2(-/-) mice. AngII treatment also increased matrix metalloproteinase expression and disruption of the elastic layer in apoE(-/-)/βarr2(+/+) aortas, and βarr2 deficiency reduced these effects. CONCLUSIONS βarr2 contributes to AngII-induced AAA formation in mice by phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-mediated cyclooxygenase-2 induction and increased inflammation. These studies suggest that for the AngII type 1a receptor, G-protein-independent, βarr2-dependent signaling plays a major role in AngII-induced AAA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshini B Trivedi
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Comparative Medicine Branch, and Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Wakabayashi M, Mori T, Isobe K, Sohara E, Susa K, Araki Y, Chiga M, Kikuchi E, Nomura N, Mori Y, Matsuo H, Murata T, Nomura S, Asano T, Kawaguchi H, Nonoyama S, Rai T, Sasaki S, Uchida S. Impaired KLHL3-Mediated Ubiquitination of WNK4 Causes Human Hypertension. Cell Rep 2013; 3:858-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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32
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Kobayashi Y, Hirawa N, Tabara Y, Muraoka H, Fujita M, Miyazaki N, Fujiwara A, Ichikawa Y, Yamamoto Y, Ichihara N, Saka S, Wakui H, Yoshida SI, Yatsu K, Toya Y, Yasuda G, Kohara K, Kita Y, Takei K, Goshima Y, Ishikawa Y, Ueshima H, Miki T, Umemura S. Mice Lacking Hypertension Candidate Gene ATP2B1 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Show Significant Blood Pressure Elevation. Hypertension 2012; 59:854-60. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.165068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kobayashi
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Nobuhito Hirawa
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Hidenori Muraoka
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Megumi Fujita
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Nobuko Miyazaki
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Akira Fujiwara
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Yasuhiro Ichikawa
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Yuichiro Yamamoto
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Naoaki Ichihara
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Sanae Saka
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Hiromichi Wakui
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Shin-ichiro Yoshida
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Keisuke Yatsu
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Yoshiyuki Toya
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Gen Yasuda
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Katsuhiko Kohara
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Yoshikuni Kita
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Kohtaro Takei
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Yoshio Goshima
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Hirotsugu Ueshima
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Tetsuro Miki
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
| | - Satoshi Umemura
- From the Departments of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (Y.K., M.F., N.M., A.F., N.I., S.S., H.W., S.Y., Y.T., S.U.) and Molecular Pharmacology and Neurobiology (H.M., K.T., Y.G.) and Cardiovascular Research Institute (Y.Ic., Y.Is.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.H., Y.Y., K.Y., G.Y.), Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.K., T.M.), Ehime
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Adlam D, Herring N, Douglas G, De Bono JP, Li D, Danson EJ, Tatham A, Lu CJ, Jennings KA, Cragg SJ, Casadei B, Paterson DJ, Channon KM. Regulation of β-adrenergic control of heart rate by GTP-cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) and tetrahydrobiopterin. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 93:694-701. [PMID: 22241166 PMCID: PMC3291091 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Clinical markers of cardiac autonomic function, such as heart rate and response to exercise, are important predictors of cardiovascular risk. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is a required cofactor for enzymes with roles in cardiac autonomic function, including tyrosine hydroxylase and nitric oxide synthase. Synthesis of BH4 is regulated by GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH), encoded by GCH1. Recent clinical studies report associations between GCH1 variants and increased heart rate, but the mechanistic importance of GCH1 and BH4 in autonomic function remains unclear. We investigate the effect of BH4 deficiency on the autonomic regulation of heart rate in the hph-1 mouse model of BH4 deficiency. METHODS AND RESULTS In the hph-1 mouse, reduced cardiac GCH1 expression, GTPCH enzymatic activity, and BH4 were associated with increased resting heart rate; blood pressure was not different. Exercise training decreased resting heart rate, but hph-1 mice retained a relative tachycardia. Vagal nerve stimulation in vitro induced bradycardia equally in hph-1 and wild-type mice both before and after exercise training. Direct atrial responses to carbamylcholine were equal. In contrast, propranolol treatment normalized the resting tachycardia in vivo. Stellate ganglion stimulation and isoproterenol but not forskolin application in vitro induced a greater tachycardic response in hph-1 mice. β1-adrenoceptor protein was increased as was the cAMP response to isoproterenol stimulation. CONCLUSION Reduced GCH1 expression and BH4 deficiency cause tachycardia through enhanced β-adrenergic sensitivity, with no effect on vagal function. GCH1 expression and BH4 are novel determinants of cardiac autonomic regulation that may have important roles in cardiovascular pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Adlam
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Neil Herring
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics Sherrington Building University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Gillian Douglas
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Joseph P. De Bono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics Sherrington Building University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Edward J. Danson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics Sherrington Building University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Amy Tatham
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Cheih-Ju Lu
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics Sherrington Building University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Katie A. Jennings
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics Sherrington Building University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Stephanie J. Cragg
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Barbara Casadei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - David J. Paterson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics Sherrington Building University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Keith M. Channon
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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Cario-Toumaniantz C, Ferland-McCollough D, Chadeuf G, Toumaniantz G, Rodriguez M, Galizzi JP, Lockhart B, Bril A, Scalbert E, Loirand G, Pacaud P. RhoA guanine exchange factor expression profile in arteries: evidence for a Rho kinase-dependent negative feedback in angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2012; 302:C1394-404. [PMID: 22322975 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00423.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sustained overactivation of RhoA is a common component for the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension. Although activity of Rho proteins depends on Rho exchange factors (Rho-GEFs), the identity of Rho-GEFs expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and participating in the control of Rho protein activity and Rho-dependent functions remains unknown. To address this question, we analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR the expression profile of 28 RhoA-GEFs in arteries of normotensive (saline-treated) and hypertensive (ANG II-treated) rats. Sixteen RhoA-GEFs were downregulated in mesenteric arteries of hypertensive rats, among which nine are also downregulated in cultured VSMC stimulated by ANG II (100 nM, 48 h), suggesting a direct effect of ANG II. Inhibition of type 1 ANG II receptors (losartan, 1 μM) or Rho kinase (fasudil, 10 μM) prevented ANG II-induced RhoA-GEF downregulation. Functionally, ANG II-induced downregulation of RhoA-GEFs is associated with decreased Rho kinase activation in response to endothelin-1, norepinephrine, and U-46619. This work thus identifies a group of RhoA-GEFs that controls RhoA and RhoA-dependent functions in VSMC, and a negative feedback of RhoA/Rho kinase activity on the expression of these RhoA-GEFs that may play an adaptative role to limit RhoA/Rho kinase activation.
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Walker MK, Boberg JR, Walsh MT, Wolf V, Trujillo A, Duke MS, Palme R, Felton LA. A less stressful alternative to oral gavage for pharmacological and toxicological studies in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 260:65-9. [PMID: 22326784 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral gavage dosing can induce stress and potentially confound experimental measurements, particularly when blood pressure and heart rate are endpoints of interest. Thus, we developed a pill formulation that mice would voluntarily consume and tested the hypothesis that pill dosing would be significantly less stressful than oral gavage. C57Bl/6 male mice were singly housed and on four consecutive days were exposed to an individual walking into the room (week 1, control), a pill being placed into the cage (week 2), and a dose of water via oral gavage (week 3). Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded by radiotelemetry continuously for 5h after treatment, and feces collected 6-10h after treatment for analysis of corticosterone metabolites. Both pill and gavage dosing significantly increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) during the first hour, compared to control. However, the increase in MAP was significantly greater after gavage and remained elevated up to 5h, while MAP returned to normal within 2h after a pill. Neither pill nor gavage dosing significantly increased heart rate during the first hour, compared to control; however, pill dosing significantly reduced heart rate while gavage significantly increased heart rate 2-5h post dosing. MAP and heart rate did not differ 24h after dosing. Lastly, only gavage dosing significantly increased fecal corticosterone metabolites, indicating a systemic stress response via activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. These data demonstrated that this pill dosing method of mice is significantly less stressful than oral gavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Walker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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36
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Adlam D, De Bono JP, Danson EJ, Zhang MH, Casadei B, Paterson DJ, Channon KM. Telemetric analysis of haemodynamic regulation during voluntary exercise training in mouse models. Exp Physiol 2011; 96:1118-1128. [PMID: 21824998 PMCID: PMC5357055 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2011.059261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Regular physical exercise reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and improves outcome in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The dynamic changes in blood pressure and heart rate with acute exercise are independently predictive of prognosis. Quantification of the haemodynamic response to exercise training in genetically modified mouse models may provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise. We describe, for the first time, the use of radiotelemetry to provide continuous blood pressure monitoring in C57BL/6J mice during a programme of voluntary wheel exercise with continuous simultaneous recording and analysis of wheel rotations and beat-by-beat haemodynamic parameters. We define distinct haemodynamic profiles at rest, during normal cage activity and during episodes of voluntary wheel running. We show that whilst cage activity is associated with significant rises both in blood pressure and in heart rate, voluntary wheel running leads to a further substantial rise in heart rate with only a small increment in blood pressure. With 5 weeks of chronic exercise training, resting heart rate progressively falls, but heart rate during episodes of wheel running initially increases. In contrast, there are minimal changes in blood pressure in response to chronic exercise training. Finally, we have quantified the acute changes in heart rate at the onset of and recovery from individual episodes of wheel running, revealing that changes in heart rate are extremely rapid and that the peak rate of change of heart rate increases with chronic exercise training. The results of this study have important implications for the use of genetically modified mouse models to investigate the beneficial haemodynamic effects of chronic exercise on blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Adlam
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - J. P. De Bono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - E. J. Danson
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - M. H. Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - B. Casadei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - D. J. Paterson
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, Sherrington Building, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - K. M. Channon
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Samson N, Dumont S, Specq ML, Praud JP. Radio telemetry devices to monitor breathing in non-sedated animals. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2011; 179:111-8. [PMID: 21964163 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Radio telemetry equipment has significantly improved over the last 10-15 years and is increasingly being used in research for monitoring a variety of physiological parameters in non-sedated animals. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the current state of development of radio telemetry for recording respiration. Our literature review found only rare reports of respiratory studies via radio telemetry. Much of this article will hence report our experience with our custom-built radio telemetry devices designed for recording respiratory signals, together with numerous other physiological signals in lambs. Our current radio telemetry system allows to record 24 simultaneous signals 24h/day for several days. To our knowledge, this is the highest number of physiological signals, which can be recorded wirelessly. Our devices have been invaluable for studying respiration in our ovine models of preterm birth, reflux laryngitis, postnatal exposure to cigarette smoke, respiratory syncytial virus infection and nasal ventilation, all of which are relevant to neonatal respiratory problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Samson
- Neonatal Respiratory Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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38
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Boudes M, Uvin P, Kerselaers S, Vennekens R, Voets T, De Ridder D. Functional characterization of a chronic cyclophosphamide-induced overactive bladder model in mice. Neurourol Urodyn 2011; 30:1659-65. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.21180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Young CN, Davisson RL. In vivo assessment of neurocardiovascular regulation in the mouse: principles, progress, and prospects. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 301:H654-62. [PMID: 21705676 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00355.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that a number of common complex diseases, including hypertension, heart failure, and obesity, are characterized by alterations in central neurocardiovascular regulation. However, our understanding of how changes within the central nervous system contribute to the development and progression of these and other diseases remains unclear. As with many areas of cardiovascular research, the mouse has emerged as a key species for investigations of neuroregulatory processes because of its amenability to highly specific genetic manipulations. In parallel with the development of increasingly sophisticated murine models has come the miniaturization and advancement in methodologies for in vivo assessment of neurocardiovascular end points in the mouse. The following brief review will focus on a number of key direct and indirect experimental approaches currently in use, including measurement of arterial blood pressure, assessment of cardiovascular autonomic control, and evaluation of arterial baroreflex function. The advantages and limitations of each methodology are highlighted to allow for a critical evaluation by the reader when considering these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin N Young
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6401, USA.
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40
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Sobajima M, Nozawa T, Nakadate T, Shida T, Ohori T, Suzuki T, Matsuki A, Hirai T, Inoue H. Transient hypercapnic stress causes exaggerated and prolonged elevation of cardiac and renal interstitial norepinephrine levels in conscious hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 300:H2214-20. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00615.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The responses of sympathetic nerve activity to transient stress can be exaggerated in salt-sensitive (SS), hypertensive subjects. Cardiac and renal interstitial norepinephrine (iNE) levels during and after transient hypercapnia were investigated in conscious SS rats. Dahl SS and salt-resistant (SR) 6-wk-old rats were fed a high-salt diet, and at 12 wk iNE levels in the heart and kidney were determined using microdialysis with probes inserted in the left ventricular (LV) wall and kidney. A telemetry system determined blood pressure and heart rate (HR) in separate animals. After recovery from the operation, data were collected before, during, and after exposure to normoxic 10% CO2 for 25 min under unanesthetized conditions. The plasma NE concentrations at baseline did not differ between the two strains. Both cardiac and renal iNE levels were much higher in SS rats than in SR rats at baseline as well as during hypercapnic stress. After stress, the markedly increased iNE levels of SS rats were prolonged in the LV as well as in the kidney. During hypercapnic stress, HR decreased in both SS and SR rats, while sudden increases in HR immediately after the withdrawal from stress were followed by its slower reduction in SS rats compared with SR rats. In conclusion, transient hypercapnic stress causes exaggerated and prolonged elevation of iNE levels in the heart as well as in kidneys of SS animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Sobajima
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Nozawa
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Teruo Nakadate
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takuya Shida
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohori
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Suzuki
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuki
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tadakazu Hirai
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inoue
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Custodis F, Gertz K, Balkaya M, Prinz V, Mathar I, Stamm C, Kronenberg G, Kazakov A, Freichel M, Böhm M, Endres M, Laufs U. Heart rate contributes to the vascular effects of chronic mental stress: effects on endothelial function and ischemic brain injury in mice. Stroke 2011; 42:1742-9. [PMID: 21527760 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.110.598607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Vascular effects of mental stress are only partially understood. Therefore, we studied effects of chronic stress and heart rate (HR) on endothelial function and cerebral ischemia. METHODS 129S6/SvEv mice were randomized to the I(f)-channel inhibitor ivabradine (10 mg/kg per day) or vehicle and underwent a chronic stress protocol for 28 days. RESULTS Stress increased HR from 514 ± 10 bpm to 570 ± 14 bpm, this was prevented by ivabradine (485 ± 7 bpm). Endothelium-dependent relaxation of aortic rings was impaired in mice exposed to stress. HR reduction restored endothelial function to the level of naive controls. Vascular lipid hydroperoxides were increased to 333% ± 24% and vascular NADPH oxidase activity was upregulated to 223 ± 38% in stressed mice, which was prevented by ivabradine. Stress reduced aortic endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression to 84% ± 3% and increased AT1 receptor mRNA to 168% ± 18%. Both effects were attenuated by HR reduction. In brain tissue, stress resulted in an upregulation of lipid hydroperoxides to 140% ± 11%, which was attenuated by HR reduction. Ivabradine increased brain capillary density in naive and in stressed mice. Mice exposed to chronic stress before induction of ischemic stroke by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion exhibited increased lesion size (33.7 ± 2.3 mm3 versus 23.9 ± 2.4 mm3). HR reduction led to a marked reduction of the infarct volume to 12.9 ± 3.3 mm3. CONCLUSIONS Chronic stress impairs endothelial function and aggravates ischemic brain injury. HR reduction protects from cerebral ischemia via improvement of endothelial function and reduction of oxidative stress. These results identify heart rate as a mediator of vascular effects induced by chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Custodis
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Straße, 66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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42
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Natural regulatory T cells control coronary arteriolar endothelial dysfunction in hypertensive mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2010; 178:434-41. [PMID: 21224080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2010.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease in patients with hypertension is increasing worldwide and leads to severe cardiovascular complications. The cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie this pathologic condition are not well understood. Experimental and clinical research indicates that immune cells and inflammation play a central role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, it has been reported that CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) regulate heart fibrosis in hypertension. In this study, we determined the role of Tregs in coronary arteriolar endothelial dysfunction in angiotensin II-dependent hypertensive mice. Mice infused with angiotensin II had significantly increased blood pressure, as determined using telemetry, and apoptotic Treg numbers, as measured using flow cytometry. The mice displayed inflammation, assessed by macrophage activation/infiltration into coronary arterioles and the heart, and increased local tumor necrosis factor-α release, which participates in reduced coronary arteriolar endothelial-dependent relaxation in response to acetylcholine using an arteriograph. Hypertensive mice injected with Tregs isolated from control mice had significantly reduced macrophage activation and infiltration, reduced tumor necrosis factor-α release, and improved coronary arteriolar endothelium-dependent relaxation. Our novel data indicate that Tregs are important in the development of coronary arteriolar endothelial dysfunction in hypertension. These results suggest a new direction in the investigation of vascular disease in hypertension and could lead to a therapeutic strategy that involves immune system modulation using Tregs.
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43
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Xu H, Garver H, Galligan JJ, Fink GD. Large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel beta1-subunit knockout mice are not hypertensive. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 300:H476-85. [PMID: 21131476 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00975.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels are composed of pore-forming α-subunits and accessory β1-subunits that modulate Ca2+ sensitivity. BK channels regulate arterial myogenic tone and renal Na+ clearance/K+ reabsorption. Previous studies using indirect or short-term blood pressure measurements found that BK channel β1-subunit knockout (BK β1-KO) mice were hypertensive. We evaluated 24-h mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate in BK β1-KO mice using radiotelemetry. BK β1-KO mice did not have a higher 24-h average MAP when compared with wild-type (WT) mice, although MAP was ∼10 mmHg higher at night. The dose-dependent peak declines in MAP by nifedipine were only slightly larger in BK β1-KO mice. In BK β1-KO mice, giving 1% NaCl to mice to drink for 7 days caused a transient (5 days) elevation of MAP (∼5 mmHg); MAP returned to pre-saline levels by day 6. BK β1-KO mesenteric arteries in vitro demonstrated diminished contractile responses to paxilline, increased reactivity to Bay K 8644 and norepinephrine (NE), and maintained relaxation to isoproterenol. Paxilline and Bay K 8644 did not constrict WT or BK β1-KO mesenteric veins (MV). BK β1-subunits are not expressed in MV. The results indicate that BK β1-KO mice are not hypertensive on normal or high-salt intake. BK channel deficiency increases arterial reactivity to NE and L-type Ca2+ channel function in vitro, but the L-type Ca2+ channel modulation of MAP is not altered in BK β1-KO mice. BK and L-type Ca(2+) channels do not modulate murine venous tone. It appears that selective loss of BK channel function in arteries only is not sufficient to cause sustained hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Chinnadurai SK, DeVoe R, Koenig A, Gadsen N, Ardente A, Divers SJ. Comparison of an implantable telemetry device and an oscillometric monitor for measurement of blood pressure in anaesthetized and unrestrained green iguanas (Iguana iguana). Vet Anaesth Analg 2010; 37:434-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2010.00557.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Mathar I, Vennekens R, Meissner M, Kees F, Van der Mieren G, Camacho Londoño JE, Uhl S, Voets T, Hummel B, van den Bergh A, Herijgers P, Nilius B, Flockerzi V, Schweda F, Freichel M. Increased catecholamine secretion contributes to hypertension in TRPM4-deficient mice. J Clin Invest 2010; 120:3267-79. [PMID: 20679729 DOI: 10.1172/jci41348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is an underlying risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite this, its pathogenesis remains unknown in most cases. Recently, the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel family was associated with the development of several cardiovascular diseases linked to hypertension. The melastatin TRP channels TRPM4 and TRPM5 have distinct properties within the TRP channel family: they form nonselective cation channels activated by intracellular calcium ions. Here we report the identification of TRPM4 proteins in endothelial cells, heart, kidney, and chromaffin cells from the adrenal gland, suggesting that they have a role in the cardiovascular system. Consistent with this hypothesis, Trpm4 gene deletion in mice altered long-term regulation of blood pressure toward hypertensive levels. No changes in locomotor activity, renin-angiotensin system function, electrolyte and fluid balance, vascular contractility, and cardiac contractility under basal conditions were observed. By contrast, inhibition of ganglionic transmission with either hexamethonium or prazosin abolished the difference in blood pressure between Trpm4-/- and wild-type mice. Strikingly, plasma epinephrine concentration as well as urinary excretion of catecholamine metabolites were substantially elevated in Trpm4-/- mice. In freshly isolated chromaffin cells, lack of TRPM4 was shown to cause markedly more acetylcholine-induced exocytotic release events, while neither cytosolic calcium concentration, size, nor density of vesicles were different. We therefore conclude that TRPM4 proteins limit catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and that this contributes to increased sympathetic tone and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Mathar
- Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg, Germany
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Danpinid A, Luo J, Vappou J, Terdtoon P, Konofagou EE. In vivo characterization of the aortic wall stress-strain relationship. ULTRASONICS 2010; 50:654-65. [PMID: 20138640 PMCID: PMC4005899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness has been shown to be a good indicator of arterial wall disease. However, a single parameter is insufficient to describe the complex stress-strain relationship of a multi-component, non-linear tissue such as the aorta. We therefore propose a new approach to measure the stress-strain relationship locally in vivo noninvasively, and present a clinically relevant parameter describing the mechanical interaction between aortic wall constituents. The slope change of the circumferential stress-strain curve was hypothesized to be related to the contribution of elastin and collagen, and was defined as the transition strain (epsilon(theta)(T)). A two-parallel spring model was employed and three Young's moduli were accordingly evaluated, i.e., corresponding to the: elastic lamellae (E(1)), elastin-collagen fibers (E(2)) and collagen fibers (E(3)). Our study was performed on normal and Angiotensin II (AngII)-treated mouse abdominal aortas using the aortic pressure after catheterization and the local aortic wall diameters change from a cross-correlation technique on the radio frequency (RF) ultrasound signal at 30 MHz and frame rate of 8 kHz. Using our technique, the transition strain and three Young's moduli in both normal and pathological aortas were mapped in 2D. The slope change of the circumferential stress-strain curve was first observed in vivo under physiologic conditions. The transition strain was found at a lower strain level in the AngII-treated case, i.e., 0.029+/-0.006 for the normal and 0.012+/-0.004 for the AngII-treated aortas. E(1), E(2) and E(3) were equal to 69.7+/-18.6, 214.5+/-65.8 and 144.8+/-55.2 kPa for the normal aortas, and 222.1+/-114.8, 775.0+/-586.4 and 552.9+/-519.1 kPa for the AngII-treated aortas, respectively. This is because of the alteration of structures and content of the wall constituents, the degradation of elastic lamella and collagen formation due to AngII treatment. While such values illustrate the alteration of structure and content of the wall constituents related to AngII treatment, limitations regarding physical assumptions (isotropic, linear elastic) should be kept in mind. The transition strain, however, was shown to be a pressure independent parameter that can be clinically relevant and noninvasively measured using ultrasound-based motion estimation techniques. In conclusion, our novel methodology can assess the stress-strain relationship of the aortic wall locally in vivo and quantify important parameters for the detection and characterization of vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asawinee Danpinid
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, THAILAND
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jianwen Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Vappou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pradit Terdtoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, THAILAND
| | - Elisa E. Konofagou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Lee CR, Imig JD, Edin ML, Foley J, DeGraff LM, Bradbury JA, Graves JP, Lih FB, Clark J, Myers P, Perrow AL, Lepp AN, Kannon MA, Ronnekleiv OK, Alkayed NJ, Falck JR, Tomer KB, Zeldin DC. Endothelial expression of human cytochrome P450 epoxygenases lowers blood pressure and attenuates hypertension-induced renal injury in mice. FASEB J 2010; 24:3770-81. [PMID: 20495177 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-160119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Renal cytochrome P450 (CYP)-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) regulate sodium transport and blood pressure. Although endothelial CYP-derived EETs are potent vasodilators, their contribution to the regulation of blood pressure remains unclear. Consequently, we developed transgenic mice with endothelial expression of the human CYP2J2 and CYP2C8 epoxygenases to increase endothelial EET biosynthesis. Compared to wild-type littermate controls, an attenuated afferent arteriole constrictor response to endothelin-1 and enhanced dilator response to acetylcholine was observed in CYP2J2 and CYP2C8 transgenic mice. CYP2J2 and CYP2C8 transgenic mice demonstrated modestly, but not significantly, lower mean arterial pressure under basal conditions compared to wild-type controls. However, mean arterial pressure was significantly lower in both CYP2J2 and CYP2C8 transgenic mice during coadministration of N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester and indomethacin. In a separate experiment, a high-salt diet and subcutaneous angiotensin II was administered over 4 wk. The angiotensin/high-salt-induced increase in systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and glomerular injury was significantly attenuated in CYP2J2 and CYP2C8 transgenic mice compared to wild-type controls. Collectively, these data demonstrate that increased endothelial CYP epoxygenase expression attenuates afferent arteriolar constrictor reactivity and hypertension-induced increases in blood pressure and renal injury in mice. We conclude that endothelial CYP epoxygenase function contributes to the regulation of blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig R Lee
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Pierce SL, Kutschke W, Cabeza R, England SK. In vivo measurement of intrauterine pressure by telemetry: a new approach for studying parturition in mouse models. Physiol Genomics 2010; 42:310-6. [PMID: 20460604 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00058.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic and knockout mouse models have proven useful in the study of genes necessary for parturition-including genes that affect the timing and/or progression of labor contractions. However, taking full advantage of these models will require a detailed characterization of the contractile patterns in the mouse uterus. Currently the best methodology for this has been measurement of isometric tension in isolated muscle strips in vitro. However, this methodology does not provide a real-time measure of changes in uterine pressure over the course of pregnancy. Recent advances have opened the possibility of using radiotelemetric devices to more accurately and comprehensively study intrauterine pressure in vivo. We tested the effectiveness of this technology in the mouse, in both wild-type (WT) mice and a mouse model of defective parturition (SK3 channel-overexpressing mice), after surgical implant of telemetry transmitters into the uterine horn. Continuous recordings from day 18 of pregnancy through delivery revealed that WT mice typically deliver during the 12-h dark cycle after 19.5 days postcoitum. In these mice, intrauterine pressure gradually increases during this cycle, to threefold greater than that measured during the 12-h cycle before delivery. SK3-overexpressing mice, by contrast, exhibited lower intrauterine pressure over the same period. These results are consistent with the outcome of previous in vitro studies, and they indicate that telemetry is an accurate method for measuring uterine contraction, and hence parturition, in mice. The use of this technology will lead to important novel insights into changes in intrauterine pressure during the course of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Pierce
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Wakui H, Tamura K, Tanaka Y, Matsuda M, Bai Y, Dejima T, Masuda SI, Shigenaga AI, Maeda A, Mogi M, Ichihara N, Kobayashi Y, Hirawa N, Ishigami T, Toya Y, Yabana M, Horiuchi M, Minamisawa S, Umemura S. Cardiac-Specific Activation of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor–Associated Protein Completely Suppresses Cardiac Hypertrophy in Chronic Angiotensin II–Infused Mice. Hypertension 2010; 55:1157-64. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.147207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We cloned a novel molecule interacting with angiotensin II type 1 receptor, which we named ATRAP (for angiotensin II type 1 receptor–associated protein). Previous in vitro studies showed that ATRAP significantly promotes constitutive internalization of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor and further attenuates angiotensin II–mediated hypertrophic responses in cardiomyocytes. The present study was designed to investigate the putative functional role of ATRAP in cardiac hypertrophy by angiotensin II infusion in vivo. We first examined the effect of angiotensin II infusion on endogenous ATRAP expression in the heart of C57BL/6J wild-type mice. The angiotensin II treatment promoted cardiac hypertrophy, concomitant with a significant decrease in cardiac ATRAP expression, but without significant change in cardiac angiotensin II type 1 receptor expression. We hypothesized that a downregulation of the cardiac ATRAP to angiotensin II type 1 receptor ratio is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. To examine this hypothesis, we next generated transgenic mice expressing ATRAP specifically in cardiomyocytes under control of the α-myosin heavy chain promoter. In cardiac-specific ATRAP transgenic mice, the development of cardiac hypertrophy, activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and expression of hypertrophy-related genes in the context of angiotensin II treatment were completely suppressed, in spite of there being no significant difference in blood pressure on radiotelemetry between the transgenic mice and littermate control mice. These results demonstrate that cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of ATRAP in vivo abolishes the cardiac hypertrophy provoked by chronic angiotensin II infusion, thereby suggesting ATRAP to be a novel therapeutic target in cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Wakui
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouichi Tamura
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tanaka
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Matsuda
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yunzhe Bai
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Dejima
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Masuda
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsu-ichiro Shigenaga
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Maeda
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Mogi
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoaki Ichihara
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kobayashi
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Hirawa
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ishigami
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Toya
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Machiko Yabana
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Horiuchi
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Minamisawa
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Umemura
- From the Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine (H.W., K.T., M.M., Y.B., T.D., S.M., A.S., A.M., N.I., Y.K., N.H., T.I., Y.T., M.Y., S.U.), Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology (M.M., M.H.), Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-science (S.M.), Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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McHugh J, Keller NR, Appalsamy M, Thomas SA, Raj SR, Diedrich A, Biaggioni I, Jordan J, Robertson D. Portal osmopressor mechanism linked to transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 and blood pressure control. Hypertension 2010; 55:1438-43. [PMID: 20385965 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.151860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human subjects with impaired baroreflex function cannot buffer rises or falls in blood pressure (BP), thus allowing BP effects of endogenous or environmental stimuli that previously escaped detection to emerge dramatically. Studies in these patients led us to discover that water ingestion induced a robust increase in BP and vascular resistance. Here, using a mouse model of baroreflex impairment, we show that the increase in blood pressure after water ingestion is mediated through sympathetic nervous system activation and that the osmosensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channel (Trpv4) is an essential component of the response. Although portal osmolality decreases after water ingestion in both wild-type and Trpv4(-/-) mice, only the wild-type animals show a pressor response. The same volume of physiological saline does not elicit an increase in BP, suggesting osmolality as the stimulus. The osmopressor response to water, and Trpv4 thus represent new factors now implicated in the physiology of BP regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia McHugh
- Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Departments of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2195, USA
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