1
|
Wu MW, Kourdougli N, Portera-Cailliau C. Network state transitions during cortical development. Nat Rev Neurosci 2024; 25:535-552. [PMID: 38783147 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00824-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian cortical networks are active before synaptogenesis begins in earnest, before neuronal migration is complete, and well before an animal opens its eyes and begins to actively explore its surroundings. This early activity undergoes several transformations during development. The most important of these is a transition from episodic synchronous network events, which are necessary for patterning the neocortex into functionally related modules, to desynchronized activity that is computationally more powerful and efficient. Network desynchronization is perhaps the most dramatic and abrupt developmental event in an otherwise slow and gradual process of brain maturation. In this Review, we summarize what is known about the phenomenology of developmental synchronous activity in the rodent neocortex and speculate on the mechanisms that drive its eventual desynchronization. We argue that desynchronization of network activity is a fundamental step through which the cortex transitions from passive, bottom-up detection of sensory stimuli to active sensory processing with top-down modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle W Wu
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Graduate Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-Caltech Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nazim Kourdougli
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Portera-Cailliau
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nwabudike I, Che A. Early-life maturation of the somatosensory cortex: sensory experience and beyond. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 18:1430783. [PMID: 39040685 PMCID: PMC11260818 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2024.1430783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Early life experiences shape physical and behavioral outcomes throughout lifetime. Sensory circuits are especially susceptible to environmental and physiological changes during development. However, the impact of different types of early life experience are often evaluated in isolation. In this mini review, we discuss the specific effects of postnatal sensory experience, sleep, social isolation, and substance exposure on barrel cortex development. Considering these concurrent factors will improve understanding of the etiology of atypical sensory perception in many neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ijeoma Nwabudike
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Alicia Che
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mòdol L, Moissidis M, Selten M, Oozeer F, Marín O. Somatostatin interneurons control the timing of developmental desynchronization in cortical networks. Neuron 2024; 112:2015-2030.e5. [PMID: 38599213 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Synchronous neuronal activity is a hallmark of the developing brain. In the mouse cerebral cortex, activity decorrelates during the second week of postnatal development, progressively acquiring the characteristic sparse pattern underlying the integration of sensory information. The maturation of inhibition seems critical for this process, but the interneurons involved in this crucial transition of network activity in the developing cortex remain unknown. Using in vivo longitudinal two-photon calcium imaging during the period that precedes the change from highly synchronous to decorrelated activity, we identify somatostatin-expressing (SST+) interneurons as critical modulators of this switch in mice. Modulation of the activity of SST+ cells accelerates or delays the decorrelation of cortical network activity, a process that involves regulating the maturation of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons. SST+ cells critically link sensory inputs with local circuits, controlling the neural dynamics in the developing cortex while modulating the integration of other interneurons into nascent cortical circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mòdol
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Monika Moissidis
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Martijn Selten
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Fazal Oozeer
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Oscar Marín
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hamad MIK, Rabaya O, Jbara A, Daoud S, Petrova P, Ali BR, Allouh MZ, Herz J, Förster E. Reelin Regulates Developmental Desynchronization Transition of Neocortical Network Activity. Biomolecules 2024; 14:593. [PMID: 38786001 PMCID: PMC11118507 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
During the first and second stages of postnatal development, neocortical neurons exhibit a wide range of spontaneous synchronous activity (SSA). Towards the end of the second postnatal week, the SSA is replaced by a more sparse and desynchronized firing pattern. The developmental desynchronization of neocortical spontaneous neuronal activity is thought to be intrinsically generated, since sensory deprivation from the periphery does not affect the time course of this transition. The extracellular protein reelin controls various aspects of neuronal development through multimodular signaling. However, so far it is unclear whether reelin contributes to the developmental desynchronization transition of neocortical neurons. The present study aims to investigate the role of reelin in postnatal cortical developmental desynchronization using a conditional reelin knockout (RelncKO) mouse model. Conditional reelin deficiency was induced during early postnatal development, and Ca2+ recordings were conducted from organotypic cultures (OTCs) of the somatosensory cortex. Our results show that both wild type (wt) and RelncKO exhibited an SSA pattern during the early postnatal week. However, at the end of the second postnatal week, wt OTCs underwent a transition to a desynchronized network activity pattern, while RelncKO activity remained synchronous. This changing activity pattern suggests that reelin is involved in regulating the developmental desynchronization of cortical neuronal network activity. Moreover, the developmental desynchronization impairment observed in RelncKO was rescued when RelncKO OTCs were co-cultured with wt OTCs. Finally, we show that the developmental transition to a desynchronized state at the end of the second postnatal week is not dependent on glutamatergic signaling. Instead, the transition is dependent on GABAAR and GABABR signaling. The results suggest that reelin controls developmental desynchronization through GABAAR and GABABR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad I. K. Hamad
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Obada Rabaya
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (O.R.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (E.F.)
| | - Abdalrahim Jbara
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (O.R.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (E.F.)
| | - Solieman Daoud
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (O.R.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (E.F.)
| | - Petya Petrova
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (O.R.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (E.F.)
| | - Bassam R. Ali
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mohammed Z. Allouh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Joachim Herz
- Departments of Molecular Genetics, Neuroscience, Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 5323, USA
| | - Eckart Förster
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (O.R.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (E.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Homberg JR, Brivio P, Greven CU, Calabrese F. Individuals being high in their sensitivity to the environment: Are sensitive period changes in play? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105605. [PMID: 38417743 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
All individuals on planet earth are sensitive to the environment, but some more than others. These individual differences in sensitivity to environments are seen across many animal species including humans, and can influence personalities as well as vulnerability and resilience to mental disorders. Yet, little is known about the underlying brain mechanisms. Key genes that contribute to individual differences in environmental sensitivity are the serotonin transporter, dopamine D4 receptor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor genes. By synthesizing neurodevelopmental findings of these genetic factors, and discussing them through the lens of mechanisms related to sensitive periods, which are phases of heightened neuronal plasticity during which a certain network is being finetuned by experiences, we propose that these genetic factors delay but extend postnatal sensitive periods. This may explain why sensitive individuals show behavioral features that are characteristic of a young brain state at the level of sensory information processing, such as reduced filtering or blockade of irrelevant information, resulting in a sensory processing system that 'keeps all options open'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Paola Brivio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Corina U Greven
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Center, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Calabrese
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pöpplau JA, Schwarze T, Dorofeikova M, Pochinok I, Günther A, Marquardt A, Hanganu-Opatz IL. Reorganization of adolescent prefrontal cortex circuitry is required for mouse cognitive maturation. Neuron 2024; 112:421-440.e7. [PMID: 37979584 PMCID: PMC10855252 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Most cognitive functions involving the prefrontal cortex emerge during late development. Increasing evidence links this delayed maturation to the protracted timeline of prefrontal development, which likely does not reach full maturity before the end of adolescence. However, the underlying mechanisms that drive the emergence and fine-tuning of cognitive abilities during adolescence, caused by circuit wiring, are still unknown. Here, we continuously monitored prefrontal activity throughout the postnatal development of mice and showed that an initial activity increase was interrupted by an extensive microglia-mediated breakdown of activity, followed by the rewiring of circuit elements to achieve adult-like patterns and synchrony. Interfering with these processes during adolescence, but not adulthood, led to a long-lasting microglia-induced disruption of prefrontal activity and neuronal morphology and decreased cognitive abilities. These results identified a nonlinear reorganization of prefrontal circuits during adolescence and revealed its importance for adult network function and cognitive processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jastyn A Pöpplau
- Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg Center of Neuroscience (HCNS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Timo Schwarze
- Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg Center of Neuroscience (HCNS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariia Dorofeikova
- Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg Center of Neuroscience (HCNS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irina Pochinok
- Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg Center of Neuroscience (HCNS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Günther
- Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg Center of Neuroscience (HCNS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annette Marquardt
- Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg Center of Neuroscience (HCNS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ileana L Hanganu-Opatz
- Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg Center of Neuroscience (HCNS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Koster KP, Flores-Barrera E, Artur de la Villarmois E, Caballero A, Tseng KY, Yoshii A. Loss of Depalmitoylation Disrupts Homeostatic Plasticity of AMPARs in a Mouse Model of Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8317-8335. [PMID: 37884348 PMCID: PMC10711723 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1113-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein palmitoylation is the only reversible post-translational lipid modification. Palmitoylation is held in delicate balance by depalmitoylation to precisely regulate protein turnover. While over 20 palmitoylation enzymes are known, depalmitoylation is conducted by fewer enzymes. Of particular interest is the lack of the depalmitoylating enzyme palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1) that causes the devastating pediatric neurodegenerative condition infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN1). While most of the research on Ppt1 function has centered on its role in the lysosome, recent findings demonstrated that many Ppt1 substrates are synaptic proteins, including the AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunit GluA1. Still, the impact of Ppt1-mediated depalmitoylation on synaptic transmission and plasticity remains elusive. Thus, the goal of the present study was to use the Ppt1 -/- mouse model (both sexes) to determine whether Ppt1 regulates AMPAR-mediated synaptic transmission and plasticity, which are crucial for the maintenance of homeostatic adaptations in cortical circuits. Here, we found that basal excitatory transmission in the Ppt1 -/- visual cortex is developmentally regulated and that chemogenetic silencing of the Ppt1 -/- visual cortex excessively enhanced the synaptic expression of GluA1. Furthermore, triggering homeostatic plasticity in Ppt1 -/- primary neurons caused an exaggerated incorporation of GluA1-containing, calcium-permeable AMPARs, which correlated with increased GluA1 palmitoylation. Finally, Ca2+ imaging in awake Ppt1 -/- mice showed visual cortical neurons favor a state of synchronous firing. Collectively, our results elucidate a crucial role for Ppt1 in AMPAR trafficking and show that impeded proteostasis of palmitoylated synaptic proteins drives maladaptive homeostatic plasticity and abnormal recruitment of cortical activity in CLN1.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neuronal communication is orchestrated by the movement of receptors to and from the synaptic membrane. Protein palmitoylation is the only reversible post-translational lipid modification, a process that must be balanced precisely by depalmitoylation. The significance of depalmitoylation is evidenced by the discovery that mutation of the depalmitoylating enzyme palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (Ppt1) causes severe pediatric neurodegeneration. In this study, we found that the equilibrium provided by Ppt1-mediated depalmitoylation is critical for AMPA receptor (AMPAR)-mediated plasticity and associated homeostatic adaptations of synaptic transmission in cortical circuits. This finding complements the recent explosion of palmitoylation research by emphasizing the necessity of balanced depalmitoylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Koster
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Eden Flores-Barrera
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | | | - Adriana Caballero
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Kuei Y Tseng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Akira Yoshii
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
- Department of Neurology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sheroziya M, Khazipov R. Synaptic Origin of Early Sensory-evoked Oscillations in the Immature Thalamus. Neuroscience 2023; 532:50-64. [PMID: 37769898 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
During the critical period of postnatal development, brain maturation is extremely sensitive to external stimuli. Newborn rodents already have functional somatosensory pathways and the thalamus, but the cortex is still forming. Immature thalamic synapses may produce large postsynaptic potentials in immature neurons, while non-synaptic membrane currents remain relatively weak and slow. The thalamocortical system generates spontaneous and evoked early gamma and spindle-burst oscillations in newborn rodents. How relatively strong synapses and weak intrinsic currents interact with each other and how they contribute to early thalamic activities remains largely unknown. Here, we performed local field potential (LFP), juxtacellular, and patch-clamp recordings in the somatosensory thalamus of urethane-anesthetized rat pups at postnatal days 6-7 with one whisker stimulation. We removed the overlying cortex and hippocampus to reach the thalamus with electrodes. Deflection of only one (the principal) whisker induced spikes in a particular thalamic cell. Whisker deflection evoked a group of large-amplitude excitatory events, likely originating from lemniscal synapses and multiple inhibitory postsynaptic events in thalamocortical cells. Large-amplitude excitatory events produced a group of spike bursts and could evoke a depolarization block. Juxtacellular recordings confirmed the partial inactivation of spikes. Inhibitory events prevented inactivation of action potentials and gamma-modulated neuronal firing. We conclude that the interplay of strong excitatory and inhibitory synapses and relatively weak intrinsic currents produces sensory-evoked early gamma oscillations in thalamocortical cells. We also propose that sensory-evoked large-amplitude excitatory events contribute to evoked spindle-bursts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Sheroziya
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
| | - Roustem Khazipov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hou B, Santaniello S, Tzingounis AV. KCNQ2 channels regulate the population activity of neonatal GABAergic neurons ex vivo. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1207539. [PMID: 37409016 PMCID: PMC10318362 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1207539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade KCNQ2 channels have arisen as fundamental and indispensable regulators of neonatal brain excitability, with KCNQ2 loss-of-function pathogenic variants being increasingly identified in patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. However, the mechanisms by which KCNQ2 loss-of-function variants lead to network dysfunction are not fully known. An important remaining knowledge gap is whether loss of KCNQ2 function alters GABAergic interneuron activity early in development. To address this question, we applied mesoscale calcium imaging ex vivo in postnatal day 4-7 mice lacking KCNQ2 channels in interneurons (Vgat-ires-cre;Kcnq2f/f;GCamp5). In the presence of elevated extracellular potassium concentrations, ablation of KCNQ2 channels from GABAergic cells increased the interneuron population activity in the hippocampal formation and regions of the neocortex. We found that this increased population activity depends on fast synaptic transmission, with excitatory transmission promoting the activity and GABAergic transmission curtailing it. Together, our data show that loss of function of KCNQ2 channels from interneurons increases the network excitability of the immature GABAergic circuits, revealing a new function of KCNQ2 channels in interneuron physiology in the developing brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Hou
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Sabato Santaniello
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and CT Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Anastasios V. Tzingounis
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and CT Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang CF, Yang JW, Zhuang ZH, Hsing HW, Luhmann HJ, Chou SJ. Activity-dependent feedback regulation of thalamocortical axon development by Lhx2 in cortical layer 4 neurons. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1693-1707. [PMID: 35512682 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishing neuronal circuits requires interactions between pre- and postsynaptic neurons. While presynaptic neurons were shown to play instructive roles for the postsynaptic neurons, how postsynaptic neurons provide feedback to regulate the presynaptic neuronal development remains elusive. To elucidate the mechanisms for circuit formation, we study the development of barrel cortex (the primary sensory cortex, S1), whose development is instructed by presynaptic thalamocortical axons (TCAs). In the first postnatal weeks, TCA terminals arborize in layer (L) 4 to fill in the barrel center, but it is unclear how TCA development is regulated. Here, we reported that the deletion of Lhx2 specifically in the cortical neurons in the conditional knockout (cKO) leads to TCA arborization defects, which is accompanied with deficits in sensory-evoked and spontaneous cortical activities and impaired lesion-induced plasticity following early whisker follicle ablation. Reintroducing Lhx2 back in L4 neurons in cKO ameliorated TCA arborization and plasticity defects. By manipulating L4 neuronal activity, we further demonstrated that Lhx2 induces TCA arborization via an activity-dependent mechanism. Additionally, we identified the extracellular signaling protein Sema7a as an activity-dependent downstream target of Lhx2 in regulating TCA branching. Thus, we discovered a bottom-up feedback mechanism for the L4 neurons to regulate TCA development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Fang Wang
- Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica (NPAS), Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Wei Yang
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Zi-Hui Zhuang
- Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica (NPAS), Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Wei Hsing
- Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica (NPAS), Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heiko J Luhmann
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shen-Ju Chou
- Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica (NPAS), Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gellért L, Luhmann HJ, Kilb W. Axonal connections between S1 barrel, M1, and S2 cortex in the newborn mouse. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1105998. [PMID: 36760662 PMCID: PMC9905141 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1105998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of functionally interconnected networks between primary (S1), secondary somatosensory (S2), and motor (M1) cortical areas requires coherent neuronal activity via corticocortical projections. However, the anatomical substrate of functional connections between S1 and M1 or S2 during early development remains elusive. In the present study, we used ex vivo carbocyanine dye (DiI) tracing in paraformaldehyde-fixed newborn mouse brain to investigate axonal projections of neurons in different layers of S1 barrel field (S1Bf), M1, and S2 toward the subplate (SP), a hub layer for sensory information transfer in the immature cortex. In addition, we performed extracellular recordings in neocortical slices to unravel the functional connectivity between these areas. Our experiments demonstrate that already at P0 neurons from the cortical plate (CP), layer 5/6 (L5/6), and the SP of both M1 and S2 send projections through the SP of S1Bf. Reciprocally, neurons from CP to SP of S1Bf send projections through the SP of M1 and S2. Electrophysiological recordings with multi-electrode arrays in cortical slices revealed weak, but functional synaptic connections between SP and L5/6 within and between S1 and M1. An even lower functional connectivity was observed between S1 and S2. In summary, our findings demonstrate that functional connections between SP and upper cortical layers are not confined to the same cortical area, but corticocortical connection between adjacent cortical areas exist already at the day of birth. Hereby, SP can integrate early cortical activity of M1, S1, and S2 and shape the development of sensorimotor integration at an early stage.
Collapse
|
12
|
Sibilska S, Mofleh R, Kocsis B. Development of network oscillations through adolescence in male and female rats. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1135154. [PMID: 37213214 PMCID: PMC10196069 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1135154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this research was to study the developmental trajectory of oscillatory synchronization in neural networks of normal healthy rats during adolescence, corresponding to the vulnerable age of schizophrenia prodrome in human. To monitor the development of oscillatory networks through adolescence we used a "pseudo-longitudinal" design. Recordings were performed in terminal experiments under urethane anesthesia, every day from PN32 to PN52 using rats-siblings from the same mother, to reduce individual innate differences between subjects. We found that hippocampal theta power decreased and delta power in prefrontal cortex increased through adolescence, indicating that the oscillations in the two different frequency bands follow distinct developmental trajectories to reach the characteristic oscillatory activity found in adults. Perhaps even more importantly, theta rhythm showed age-dependent stabilization toward late adolescence. Furthermore, sex differences was found in both networks, more prominent in the prefrontal cortex compared with hippocampus. Delta increase was stronger in females and theta stabilization was completed earlier in females, in postnatal days PN41-47, while in males it was only completed in late adolescence. Our finding of a protracted maturation of theta-generating networks in late adolescence is overall consistent with the findings of longitudinal studies in human adolescents, in which oscillatory networks demonstrated a similar pattern of maturation.
Collapse
|
13
|
Saadatmehr B, Edalati M, Routier L, Mahmoudzadeh M, Safaie J, Kongolo G, Ghostine G, Wallois F, Moghimi S. Evolution of cross-frequency coupling between endogenous oscillations over the temporal cortex in very premature neonates. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:278-289. [PMID: 35235654 PMCID: PMC10103643 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporal theta activity in coalescence with slow-wave (TTA-SW) is one of the first neurobiomarkers of the neurodevelopment of perisylvian networks in the electroencephalography (EEG). Dynamic changes in the microstructure and activity within neural networks are reflected in the EEG. Slow oscillation slope can reflect synaptic strength, and cross-frequency coupling (CFC), associated with several putative functions in adults, can reflect neural communication. Here, we investigated the evolution of CFC, in terms of SW theta phase-amplitude coupling (PAC), during the course of very early development between 25 and 32 weeks of gestational age in 23 premature neonates. We used high-resolution EEG and dipole models as spatial filters to extract the source waveforms corresponding to TTA-SW. We also carried out nonlinear phase-dependent correlation measurements to examine whether the characteristics of the SW slopes are associated with TTA-SW coupling. We show that neurodevelopment leads to temporal accumulation of the SW theta PAC toward the trough of SW. Steepness of the negative going slope of SW determined the degree of this coupling. Systematic modulation of SW-TTA CFC during development is a signature of the complex development of local cortico-cortical perisylvian networks and distant thalamo-cortical neural circuits driving this nested activity over the perisylvian networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Saadatmehr
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction Cérébrale, CURS, Avenue Laennec, 80036 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Mohammadreza Edalati
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction Cérébrale, CURS, Avenue Laennec, 80036 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Laura Routier
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction Cérébrale, CURS, Avenue Laennec, 80036 Amiens Cedex, France.,Inserm UMR1105, EFSN Pédiatriques, CHU Amiens sud, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudzadeh
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction Cérébrale, CURS, Avenue Laennec, 80036 Amiens Cedex, France.,Inserm UMR1105, EFSN Pédiatriques, CHU Amiens sud, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Javad Safaie
- Electrical Engineering Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Guy Kongolo
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction Cérébrale, CURS, Avenue Laennec, 80036 Amiens Cedex, France.,Inserm UMR1105, NICU, CHU Amiens sud, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Ghida Ghostine
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction Cérébrale, CURS, Avenue Laennec, 80036 Amiens Cedex, France.,Inserm UMR1105, NICU, CHU Amiens sud, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Wallois
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction Cérébrale, CURS, Avenue Laennec, 80036 Amiens Cedex, France.,Inserm UMR1105, EFSN Pédiatriques, CHU Amiens sud, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Sahar Moghimi
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction Cérébrale, CURS, Avenue Laennec, 80036 Amiens Cedex, France.,Inserm UMR1105, EFSN Pédiatriques, CHU Amiens sud, Avenue Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Resta F, Montagni E, de Vito G, Scaglione A, Allegra Mascaro AL, Pavone FS. Large-scale all-optical dissection of motor cortex connectivity shows a segregated organization of mouse forelimb representations. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111627. [PMID: 36351410 PMCID: PMC10073205 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In rodent motor cortex, the rostral forelimb area (RFA) and the caudal forelimb area (CFA) are major actors in orchestrating the control of complex forelimb movements. However, their intrinsic connectivity and reciprocal functional organization are still unclear, limiting our understanding of how the brain coordinates and executes voluntary movements. Here, we causally probe cortical connectivity and activation patterns triggered by transcranial optogenetic stimulation of ethologically relevant complex movements exploiting a large-scale all-optical method in awake mice. Results show specific activation features for each movement class, providing evidence for a segregated functional organization of CFA and RFA. Importantly, we identify a second discrete lateral grasping representation area, namely the lateral forelimb area (LFA), with unique connectivity and activation patterns. Therefore, we propose the LFA as a distinct forelimb representation in the mouse somatotopic motor map.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Resta
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Elena Montagni
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe de Vito
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scaglione
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Anna Letizia Allegra Mascaro
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesco Saverio Pavone
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Warm D, Bassetti D, Schroer J, Luhmann HJ, Sinning A. Spontaneous Activity Predicts Survival of Developing Cortical Neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:937761. [PMID: 36035995 PMCID: PMC9399774 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.937761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous activity plays a crucial role in brain development by coordinating the integration of immature neurons into emerging cortical networks. High levels and complex patterns of spontaneous activity are generally associated with low rates of apoptosis in the cortex. However, whether spontaneous activity patterns directly encode for survival of individual cortical neurons during development remains an open question. Here, we longitudinally investigated spontaneous activity and apoptosis in developing cortical cultures, combining extracellular electrophysiology with calcium imaging. These experiments demonstrated that the early occurrence of calcium transients was strongly linked to neuronal survival. Silent neurons exhibited a higher probability of cell death, whereas high frequency spiking and burst behavior were almost exclusively detected in surviving neurons. In local neuronal clusters, activity of neighboring neurons exerted a pro-survival effect, whereas on the functional level, networks with a high modular topology were associated with lower cell death rates. Using machine learning algorithms, cell fate of individual neurons was predictable through the integration of spontaneous activity features. Our results indicate that high frequency spiking activity constrains apoptosis in single neurons through sustained calcium rises and thereby consolidates networks in which a high modular topology is reached during early development.
Collapse
|
16
|
Malci A, Lin X, Sandoval R, Gundelfinger ED, Naumann M, Seidenbecher CI, Herrera-Molina R. Ca 2+ signaling in postsynaptic neurons: Neuroplastin-65 regulates the interplay between plasma membrane Ca 2+ ATPases and ionotropic glutamate receptors. Cell Calcium 2022; 106:102623. [PMID: 35853264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Upon postsynaptic glutamate receptor activation, the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration rises and initiates signaling and plasticity in spines. The plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) is a major player to limit the duration of cytosolic Ca2+ signals. It forms complexes with the glycoprotein neuroplastin (Np) isoforms Np55 and Np65 and functionally interplays with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluNRs). Moreover, binding of the Np65-specific extracellular domain to Ca2+-permeable GluA1-containing α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluA1Rs) was found to be required for long-term potentiation (LTP). However, the link between PMCA and iGluRs function to regulate cytosolic Ca2+ signals remained unclear. Here, we report that Np65 coordinates PMCA and iGluRs' functions to modulate the duration and amplitude of cytosolic Ca2+ transients in dendrites and spines of hippocampal neurons. Using live-cell Ca2+ imaging, acute pharmacological treatments, and GCaMP5G-expressing hippocampal neurons, we discovered that endogenous or Np65-promoted PMCA activity contributes to the restoration of basal Ca2+ levels and that this effect is dependent on iGluR activation. Super-resolution STED and confocal microscopy revealed that electrical stimulation increases the abundance of synaptic neuroplastin-PMCA complexes depending on iGluR activation and that low-rate overexpression of Np65 doubled PMCA levels and decreased cell surface levels of GluN2A and GluA1 in dendrites and Shank2-positive glutamatergic synapses. In neuroplastin-deficient hippocampi, we observed reduced PMCA and unchanged GluN2B levels, while GluN2A and GluA1 levels were imbalanced. Our electrophysiological data from hippocampal slices argues for an essential interplay of PMCA with GluN2A- but not with GluN2B-containing receptors upon induction of synaptic plasticity. Accordingly, we conclude that Np65 may interconnect PMCA with core players of glutamatergic neurotransmission to fine-tune the Ca2+ signal regulation in basal synaptic function and plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Malci
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xiao Lin
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Sandoval
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile; Combinatorial Combinatorial NeuroImaging (CNI), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cossart R, Garel S. Step by step: cells with multiple functions in cortical circuit assembly. Nat Rev Neurosci 2022; 23:395-410. [DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
18
|
Kirmse K, Zhang C. Principles of GABAergic signaling in developing cortical network dynamics. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110568. [PMID: 35354036 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
GABAergic signaling provides inhibitory stabilization and spatiotemporally coordinates the firing of recurrently connected excitatory neurons in mature cortical circuits. Inhibition thus enables self-generated neuronal activity patterns that underlie various aspects of sensation and cognition. In this review, we aim to provide a conceptual framework describing how and when GABA-releasing interneurons acquire their network functions during development. Focusing on the developing visual neocortex and hippocampus in mice and rats in vivo, we hypothesize that at the onset of patterned activity, glutamatergic neurons are stable by themselves and inhibitory stabilization is not yet functional. We review important milestones in the development of GABAergic signaling and illustrate how the cell-type-specific strengthening of synaptic inhibition toward eye opening shapes cortical network dynamics and allows the developing cortex to progressively disengage from extra-cortical synaptic drive. We translate this framework to human cortical development and discuss clinical implications for the treatment of neonatal seizures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Knut Kirmse
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Chuanqiang Zhang
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tokariev A, Oberlander VC, Videman M, Vanhatalo S. Cortical Cross-Frequency Coupling Is Affected by in utero Exposure to Antidepressant Medication. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:803708. [PMID: 35310093 PMCID: PMC8927083 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.803708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to five percent of human infants are exposed to maternal antidepressant medication by serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRI) during pregnancy, yet the SRI effects on infants’ early neurodevelopment are not fully understood. Here, we studied how maternal SRI medication affects cortical frequency-specific and cross-frequency interactions estimated, respectively, by phase-phase correlations (PPC) and phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) in electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. We examined the cortical activity in infants after fetal exposure to SRIs relative to a control group of infants without medical history of any kind. Our findings show that the sleep-related dynamics of PPC networks are selectively affected by in utero SRI exposure, however, those alterations do not correlate to later neurocognitive development as tested by neuropsychological evaluation at two years of age. In turn, phase-amplitude coupling was found to be suppressed in SRI infants across multiple distributed cortical regions and these effects were linked to their neurocognitive outcomes. Our results are compatible with the overall notion that in utero drug exposures may cause subtle, yet measurable changes in the brain structure and function. Our present findings are based on the measures of local and inter-areal neuronal interactions in the cortex which can be readily used across species, as well as between different scales of inspection: from the whole animals to in vitro preparations. Therefore, this work opens a framework to explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental SRI effects at all translational levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Tokariev
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Anton Tokariev,
| | - Victoria C. Oberlander
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Mari Videman
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Vanhatalo
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Physiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Sampsa Vanhatalo,
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Volnova A, Tsytsarev V, Ganina O, Vélez-Crespo GE, Alves JM, Ignashchenkova A, Inyushin M. The Anti-Epileptic Effects of Carbenoxolone In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020663. [PMID: 35054848 PMCID: PMC8775396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gap junctions (GJs) are intercellular junctions that allow the direct transfer of ions and small molecules between neighboring cells, and GJs between astrocytes play an important role in the development of various pathologies of the brain, including regulation of the pathological neuronal synchronization underlying epileptic seizures. Recently, we found that a pathological change is observed in astrocytes during the ictal and interictal phases of 4-aminopyridin (4-AP)-elicited epileptic activity in vitro, which was correlated with neuronal synchronization and extracellular epileptic electrical activity. This finding raises the question: Does this signal depend on GJs between astrocytes? In this study we investigated the effect of the GJ blocker, carbenoxolone (CBX), on epileptic activity in vitro and in vivo. Based on the results obtained, we came to the conclusion that the astrocytic syncytium formed by GJ-associated astrocytes, which is responsible for the regulation of potassium, affects the formation of epileptic activity in astrocytes in vitro and epileptic seizure onset. This effect is probably an important, but not the only, mechanism by which CBX suppresses epileptic activity. It is likely that the mechanisms of selective inhibition of GJs between astrocytes will show important translational benefits in anti-epileptic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Volnova
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (M.I.)
| | | | - Olga Ganina
- Nevsky Center of Scientific Collaboration, 192119 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Grace E. Vélez-Crespo
- School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, PR 00956, USA; (G.E.V.-C.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Janaina M. Alves
- School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, PR 00956, USA; (G.E.V.-C.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Alla Ignashchenkova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Nevsky Center of Scientific Collaboration, 192119 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Mikhail Inyushin
- School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, PR 00956, USA; (G.E.V.-C.); (J.M.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (M.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Miyasaka Y, Yamamoto N. Neuronal Activity Patterns Regulate Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in Cortical Cells via Neuronal Circuits. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:699583. [PMID: 34955705 PMCID: PMC8702648 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.699583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, cortical circuits are remodeled by spontaneous and sensory-evoked activity via alteration of the expression of wiring molecules. An intriguing question is how physiological neuronal activity modifies the expression of these molecules in developing cortical networks. Here, we addressed this issue, focusing on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), one of the factors underlying cortical wiring. Real-time imaging of BDNF promoter activity in organotypic slice cultures revealed that patterned stimuli differentially regulated the increase and the time course of the promoter activity in upper layer neurons. Calcium imaging further demonstrated that stimulus-dependent increases in the promoter activity were roughly proportional to the increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration per unit time. Finally, optogenetic stimulation showed that the promoter activity was increased efficiently by patterned stimulation in defined cortical circuits. These results suggest that physiological stimulation patterns differentially tune activity-dependent gene expression in developing cortical neurons via cortical circuits, synaptic responses, and alteration of intracellular calcium signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Miyasaka
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kilb W. When Are Depolarizing GABAergic Responses Excitatory? Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:747835. [PMID: 34899178 PMCID: PMC8651619 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.747835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane responses upon activation of GABA(A) receptors critically depend on the intracellular Cl− concentration ([Cl−]i), which is maintained by a set of transmembrane transporters for Cl−. During neuronal development, but also under several pathophysiological conditions, the prevailing expression of the Cl− loader NKCC1 and the low expression of the Cl− extruder KCC2 causes elevated [Cl−]i, which result in depolarizing GABAergic membrane responses. However, depolarizing GABAergic responses are not necessarily excitatory, as GABA(A) receptors also reduces the input resistance of neurons and thereby shunt excitatory inputs. To summarize our knowledge on the effect of depolarizing GABA responses on neuronal excitability, this review discusses theoretical considerations and experimental studies illustrating the relation between GABA conductances, GABA reversal potential and neuronal excitability. In addition, evidences for the complex spatiotemporal interaction between depolarizing GABAergic and glutamatergic inputs are described. Moreover, mechanisms that influence [Cl−]i beyond the expression of Cl− transporters are presented. And finally, several in vitro and in vivo studies that directly investigated whether GABA mediates excitation or inhibition during early developmental stages are summarized. In summary, these theoretical considerations and experimental evidences suggest that GABA can act as inhibitory neurotransmitter even under conditions that maintain substantial depolarizing membrane responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Kilb
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Manzella FM, Gulvezan BF, Maksimovic S, Useinovic N, Raol YH, Joksimovic SM, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Todorovic SM. Neonatal Isoflurane Does Not Affect Sleep Architecture and Minimally Alters Neuronal Beta Oscillations in Adolescent Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:703859. [PMID: 34790103 PMCID: PMC8591236 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.703859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
General anesthetics are neurotoxic to the developing rodent and primate brains leading to neurocognitive and socio-affective impairment later in life. In addition, sleep patterns are important predictors of cognitive outcomes. Yet, little is known about how anesthetics affect sleep-wake behaviors and their corresponding oscillations. Here we examine how neonatal general anesthesia affects sleep and wake behavior and associated neuronal oscillations. We exposed male and female rat pups to either 6 h of continuous isoflurane or sham anesthesia (compressed air) at the peak of their brain development (postnatal day 7). One cohort of animals was used to examine neurotoxic insult 2 h post-anesthesia exposure. At weaning age, a second cohort of rats was implanted with cortical electroencephalogram electrodes and allowed to recover. During adolescence, we measured sleep architecture (divided into wake, non-rapid eye movement, and rapid eye movement sleep) and electroencephalogram power spectra over a 24 h period. We found that exposure to neonatal isoflurane caused extensive neurotoxicity but did not disrupt sleep architecture in adolescent rats. However, these animals had a small but significant reduction in beta oscillations, specifically in the 12-20 Hz beta 1 range, associated with wake behavior. Furthermore, beta oscillations play a critical role in cortical development, cognitive processing, and homeostatic sleep drive. We speculate that dysregulation of beta oscillations may be implicated in cognitive and socio-affective outcomes associated with neonatal anesthesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca M. Manzella
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Bethany F. Gulvezan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Stefan Maksimovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Nemanja Useinovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Yogendra H. Raol
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Srdjan M. Joksimovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Division of Child Neurology, CHOP Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Slobodan M. Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Baruchin LJ, Ghezzi F, Kohl MM, Butt SJB. Contribution of Interneuron Subtype-Specific GABAergic Signaling to Emergent Sensory Processing in Mouse Somatosensory Whisker Barrel Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:2538-2554. [PMID: 34613375 PMCID: PMC9201598 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian neocortex is important for conscious processing of sensory information with balanced glutamatergic and GABAergic signaling fundamental to this function. Yet little is known about how this interaction arises despite increasing insight into early GABAergic interneuron (IN) circuits. To study this, we assessed the contribution of specific INs to the development of sensory processing in the mouse whisker barrel cortex, specifically the role of INs in early speed coding and sensory adaptation. In wild-type animals, both speed processing and adaptation were present as early as the layer 4 critical period of plasticity and showed refinement over the period leading to active whisking onset. To test the contribution of IN subtypes, we conditionally silenced action-potential-dependent GABA release in either somatostatin (SST) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) INs. These genetic manipulations influenced both spontaneous and sensory-evoked cortical activity in an age- and layer-dependent manner. Silencing SST + INs reduced early spontaneous activity and abolished facilitation in sensory adaptation observed in control pups. In contrast, VIP + IN silencing had an effect towards the onset of active whisking. Silencing either IN subtype had no effect on speed coding. Our results show that these IN subtypes contribute to early sensory processing over the first few postnatal weeks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liad J Baruchin
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Filippo Ghezzi
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Michael M Kohl
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Simon J B Butt
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sparsification of AP firing in adult-born hippocampal granule cells via voltage-dependent α5-GABA A receptors. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109768. [PMID: 34610304 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
GABA can depolarize immature neurons close to the action potential (AP) threshold in development and adult neurogenesis. Nevertheless, GABAergic synapses effectively inhibit AP firing in newborn granule cells of the adult hippocampus as early as two weeks post-mitosis. The underlying mechanisms are largely unclear. Here, we analyze GABAergic inputs in newborn hippocampal granule cells mediated by soma-targeting parvalbumin and dendrite-targeting somatostatin interneurons. Surprisingly, both interneuron subtypes activate α5-subunit-containing GABAA receptors (α5-GABAARs) in young neurons, showing a nonlinear voltage dependence with increasing conductance around the AP threshold. By contrast, in mature cells, parvalbumin interneurons mediate linear GABAergic synaptic currents lacking α5-subunits, while somatostatin interneurons continue to target nonlinear α5-GABAARs. Computational modeling shows that the voltage-dependent amplification of α5-GABAAR opening in young neurons is crucial for inhibition of AP firing to generate balanced and sparse firing activity, even with depolarized GABA reversal potential.
Collapse
|
26
|
Leighton AH, Cheyne JE, Houwen GJ, Maldonado PP, De Winter F, Levelt CN, Lohmann C. Somatostatin interneurons restrict cell recruitment to retinally driven spontaneous activity in the developing cortex. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109316. [PMID: 34233176 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During early development, before the eyes open, synaptic refinement of sensory networks depends on activity generated by developing neurons themselves. In the mouse visual system, retinal cells spontaneously depolarize and recruit downstream neurons to bursts of activity, where the number of recruited cells determines the resolution of synaptic retinotopic refinement. Here we show that during the second post-natal week in mouse visual cortex, somatostatin (SST)-expressing interneurons control the recruitment of cells to retinally driven spontaneous activity. Suppressing SST interneurons increases cell participation and allows events to spread farther along the cortex. During the same developmental period, a second type of high-participation, retina-independent event occurs. During these events, cells receive such large excitatory charge that inhibition is overwhelmed and large parts of the cortex participate in each burst. These results reveal a role of SST interneurons in restricting retinally driven activity in the visual cortex, which may contribute to the refinement of retinotopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra H Leighton
- Department of Synapse and Network Development, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Juliette E Cheyne
- Department of Synapse and Network Development, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J Houwen
- Department of Synapse and Network Development, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paloma P Maldonado
- Department of Synapse and Network Development, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fred De Winter
- Department of Neuroregeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christiaan N Levelt
- Department of Molecular Visual Plasticity, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Lohmann
- Department of Synapse and Network Development, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Effects of urethane and isoflurane on the sensory evoked response and local blood flow in the early postnatal rat somatosensory cortex. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9567. [PMID: 33953244 PMCID: PMC8099888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional studies in the central nervous system are often conducted using anesthesia. While the dose-dependent effects of anesthesia on neuronal activity have been extensively characterized in adults, little is known about the effects of anesthesia on cortical activity and cerebral blood flow in the immature central nervous system. Substitution of electrophysiological recordings with the less-invasive technique of optical intrinsic signal imaging (OIS) in vivo allowed simultaneous recordings of sensory-evoked functional response and local blood flow changes in the neonatal rat barrel cortex. Using OIS we characterize the effects of two widely used anesthetics—urethane and isoflurane. We found that both anesthetics suppressed the sensory-evoked optical intrinsic signal in a dose-dependent manner. Dependence of the cortical response suppression matched the exponential decay model. At experimental levels of anesthesia, urethane affected the evoked cortical response less than isoflurane, which is in agreement with the results of electrophysiological recordings demonstrated by other authors. Changes in oxygenation and local blood flow also showed negative correlation with both anesthetics. The high similarity in immature patterns of activity recorded in different regions of the developing cortex suggested similar principles of development regardless of the cortical region. Therefore the indicated results should be taken into account during functional explorations in the entire developing cortex. Our results also point to urethane as the anesthetic of choice in non-survival experimental recordings in the developing brain as it produces less prominent impairment of cortical neuronal activity in neonatal animals.
Collapse
|
28
|
Iannone AF, De Marco García NV. The Emergence of Network Activity Patterns in the Somatosensory Cortex - An Early Window to Autism Spectrum Disorders. Neuroscience 2021; 466:298-309. [PMID: 33887384 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Across mammalian species, patterned activity in neural populations is a prominent feature of developing sensory cortices. Numerous studies have long appreciated the diversity of these patterns, characterizing their differences in spatial and temporal dynamics. In the murine somatosensory cortex, neuronal co-activation is thought to guide the formation of sensory maps and prepare the cortex for sensory processing after birth. While pioneering studies deftly utilized slice electrophysiology and unit recordings to characterize correlated activity, a detailed understanding of the underlying circuits remains poorly understood. More recently, advances in in vivo calcium imaging in awake mouse pups and increasing genetic tractability of neuronal types have allowed unprecedented manipulation of circuit components at select developmental timepoints. These novel approaches have proven fundamental in uncovering the identity of neurons engaged in correlated activity during development. In particular, recent studies have highlighted interneurons as key in refining the spatial extent and temporal progression of patterned activity. Here, we discuss how emergent synchronous activity across the first postnatal weeks is shaped by underlying gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic contributors in the somatosensory cortex. Further, the importance of participation in specific activity patterns per se for neuronal maturation and perdurance will be of particular highlight in this survey of recent literature. Finally, we underscore how aberrant neuronal synchrony and disrupted inhibitory interneuron activity underlie sensory perturbations in neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), emphasizing the importance of future investigative approaches that incorporate the spatiotemporal features of patterned activity alongside the cellular components to probe disordered circuit assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Iannone
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Natalia V De Marco García
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fletcher JL, Makowiecki K, Cullen CL, Young KM. Oligodendrogenesis and myelination regulate cortical development, plasticity and circuit function. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 118:14-23. [PMID: 33863642 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During cortical development and throughout adulthood, oligodendrocytes add myelin internodes to glutamatergic projection neurons and GABAergic inhibitory neurons. In addition to directing node of Ranvier formation, to enable saltatory conduction and influence action potential transit time, oligodendrocytes support axon health by communicating with axons via the periaxonal space and providing metabolic support that is particularly critical for healthy ageing. In this review we outline the timing of oligodendrogenesis in the developing mouse and human cortex and describe the important role that oligodendrocytes play in sustaining and modulating neuronal function. We also provide insight into the known and speculative impact that myelination has on cortical axons and their associated circuits during the developmental critical periods and throughout life, particularly highlighting their life-long role in learning and remembering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Fletcher
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Kalina Makowiecki
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Carlie L Cullen
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Kaylene M Young
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
A limited role of NKCC1 in telencephalic glutamatergic neurons for developing hippocampal network dynamics and behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2014784118. [PMID: 33782119 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2014784118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NKCC1 is the primary transporter mediating chloride uptake in immature principal neurons, but its role in the development of in vivo network dynamics and cognitive abilities remains unknown. Here, we address the function of NKCC1 in developing mice using electrophysiological, optical, and behavioral approaches. We report that NKCC1 deletion from telencephalic glutamatergic neurons decreases in vitro excitatory actions of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and impairs neuronal synchrony in neonatal hippocampal brain slices. In vivo, it has a minor impact on correlated spontaneous activity in the hippocampus and does not affect network activity in the intact visual cortex. Moreover, long-term effects of the developmental NKCC1 deletion on synaptic maturation, network dynamics, and behavioral performance are subtle. Our data reveal a neural network function of NKCC1 in hippocampal glutamatergic neurons in vivo, but challenge the hypothesis that NKCC1 is essential for major aspects of hippocampal development.
Collapse
|
31
|
Peerboom C, Wierenga CJ. The postnatal GABA shift: A developmental perspective. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 124:179-192. [PMID: 33549742 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter that counterbalances excitation in the mature brain. The inhibitory action of GABA relies on the inflow of chloride ions (Cl-), which hyperpolarizes the neuron. In early development, GABA signaling induces outward Cl- currents and is depolarizing. The postnatal shift from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing GABA is a pivotal event in brain development and its timing affects brain function throughout life. Altered timing of the postnatal GABA shift is associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we argue that the postnatal shift from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing GABA represents the final shift in a sequence of GABA shifts, regulating proliferation, migration, differentiation, and finally plasticity of developing neurons. Each developmental GABA shift ensures that the instructive role of GABA matches the circumstances of the developing network. Sensory input may be a crucial factor in determining proper timing of the postnatal GABA shift. A developmental perspective is necessary to interpret the full consequences of a mismatch between connectivity, activity and GABA signaling during brain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn Peerboom
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Corette J Wierenga
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang Z, Collins DC, Maier JX. Network Dynamics in the Developing Piriform Cortex of Unanesthetized Rats. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:1334-1346. [PMID: 33063095 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The time course of changes in functional cortical activity during early development has been extensively studied in the rodent visual system. A key period in this process is the time of eye opening, which marks the onset of patterned visual input and active vision. However, vision differs from other systems in that it receives limited patterned sensory input before eye opening, and it remains unclear how findings from vision relate to other systems. Here, we focus on the development of cortical network activity in the olfactory system-which is crucial for survival at birth-by recording field potential and spiking activity from piriform cortex of unanesthetized rat pups from birth (P0) to P21. Our results demonstrate that odors evoke stable 10-15 Hz oscillations in piriform cortex from birth to P15, after which cortical responses undergo rapid changes. This transition is coincident with the emergence of gamma oscillations and fast sniffing behavior and preceded by an increase in spontaneous activity. Neonatal network oscillations and their developmental dynamics exhibit striking similarities with those previously observed in the visual, auditory, and somatosensory systems, providing insight into the network-level mechanisms underlying the development of sensory cortex in general and olfactory processing in particular.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Donald Chad Collins
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joost X Maier
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Normal EEG during the neonatal period: maturational aspects from premature to full-term newborns. Neurophysiol Clin 2020; 51:61-88. [PMID: 33239230 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) is the reference tool for the analysis of brain function, reflecting normal and pathological neuronal network activity. During the neonatal period, EEG patterns evolve weekly, according to gestational age. The first analytical criteria for the various maturational stages and standardized neonatal EEG terminology were published by a group of French neurophysiologists training in Paris (France) in 1999. These criteria, defined from analog EEG, were completed in 2010 with digital EEG analysis. Since then, this work has continued, aided by the technical progress in EEG acquisition, the improvement of knowledge on the maturating processes of neuronal networks, and the evolution of critical care. In this review, we present an exhaustive and didactic overview of EEG characteristics from extremely premature to full-term infants. This update is based on the scientific literature, enhanced by the study of normal EEGs of extremely premature infants by our group of neurophysiologists. For educational purposes, particular attention has been paid to illustrations using new digital tools.
Collapse
|
34
|
Wallois F, Routier L, Heberlé C, Mahmoudzadeh M, Bourel-Ponchel E, Moghimi S. Back to basics: the neuronal substrates and mechanisms that underlie the electroencephalogram in premature neonates. Neurophysiol Clin 2020; 51:5-33. [PMID: 33162287 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalography is the only clinically available technique that can address the premature neonate normal and pathological functional development week after week. The changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) result from gradual structural and functional modifications that arise during the last trimester of pregnancy. Here, we review the structural changes over time that underlie the establishment of functional immature neural networks, the impact of certain anatomical specificities (fontanelles, connectivity, etc.) on the EEG, limitations in EEG interpretation, and the utility of high-resolution EEG (HR-EEG) in premature newborns (a promising technique with a high degree of spatiotemporal resolution). In particular, we classify EEG features according to whether they are manifestations of endogenous generators (i.e. theta activities that coalesce with a slow wave or delta brushes) or come from a broader network. Furthermore, we review publications on EEG in premature animals because the data provide a better understanding of what is happening in premature newborns. We then discuss the results and limitations of functional connectivity analyses in premature newborns. Lastly, we report on the magnetoelectroencephalographic studies of brain activity in the fetus. A better understanding of complex interactions at various structural and functional levels during normal neurodevelopment (as assessed using electroencephalography as a benchmark method) might lead to better clinical care and monitoring for premature neonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Wallois
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France.
| | - Laura Routier
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Claire Heberlé
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudzadeh
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Emilie Bourel-Ponchel
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Sahar Moghimi
- INSERM U1105, Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne University of Picardie, Amiens, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux Pédiatrique, Amiens-Picardie Medical Center, Amiens, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Moghimi S, Shadkam A, Mahmoudzadeh M, Calipe O, Panzani M, Edalati M, Ghorbani M, Routier L, Wallois F. The intimate relationship between coalescent generators in very premature human newborn brains: Quantifying the coupling of nested endogenous oscillations. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:4691-4703. [PMID: 33463873 PMCID: PMC7555093 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal theta slow-wave activity (TTA-SW) in premature infants is a specific neurobiomarker of the early neurodevelopment of perisylvian networks observed as early as 24 weeks of gestational age (wGA). It is present at the turning point between non-sensory driven spontaneous networks and cortical network functioning. Despite its clinical importance, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this spontaneous nested activity and its functional role have not yet been determined. The coupling between neural oscillations at different timescales is a key feature of ongoing neural activity, the characteristics of which are determined by the network structure and dynamics. The underlying mechanisms of cross-frequency coupling (CFC) are associated with several putative functions in adults. In order to show that this generic mechanism is already in place early in the course of development, we analyzed electroencephalography recordings from sleeping preterm newborns (24-27 wGA). Employing cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling analyses, we found that TTAs were orchestrated by the SWs defined by a precise temporal relationship. Notably, TTAs were synchronized to the SW trough, and were suppressed during the SW peak. Spontaneous endogenous TTA-SWs constitute one of the very early signatures of the developing temporal neural networks with key functions, such as language and communication. The presence of a fine-tuned relationship between the slow activity and the TTA in premature neonates emphasizes the complexity and relative maturity of the intimate mechanisms that shape the CFC, the disruption of which can have severe neurodevelopmental consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Moghimi
- Electrical Engineering DepartmentFerdowsi University of MashhadIran
- Rayan Center for Neuroscience and BehaviorFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction CérébraleCentre Universitaire de Recherches en SanteAmiens CedexFrance
| | - Azadeh Shadkam
- Electrical Engineering DepartmentFerdowsi University of MashhadIran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudzadeh
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction CérébraleCentre Universitaire de Recherches en SanteAmiens CedexFrance
- Inserm UMR1105, EFSN PédiatriquesCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens sudAmiens CedexFrance
| | - Olivia Calipe
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction CérébraleCentre Universitaire de Recherches en SanteAmiens CedexFrance
| | - Marine Panzani
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction CérébraleCentre Universitaire de Recherches en SanteAmiens CedexFrance
| | - Mohammadreza Edalati
- Electrical Engineering DepartmentFerdowsi University of MashhadIran
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction CérébraleCentre Universitaire de Recherches en SanteAmiens CedexFrance
| | - Maryam Ghorbani
- Electrical Engineering DepartmentFerdowsi University of MashhadIran
- Rayan Center for Neuroscience and BehaviorFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | - Laura Routier
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction CérébraleCentre Universitaire de Recherches en SanteAmiens CedexFrance
- Inserm UMR1105, EFSN PédiatriquesCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens sudAmiens CedexFrance
| | - Fabrice Wallois
- Inserm UMR1105, Groupe de Recherches sur l'Analyse Multimodale de la Fonction CérébraleCentre Universitaire de Recherches en SanteAmiens CedexFrance
- Inserm UMR1105, EFSN PédiatriquesCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens sudAmiens CedexFrance
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ciarrusta J, Dimitrova R, McAlonan G. Early maturation of the social brain: How brain development provides a platform for the acquisition of social-cognitive competence. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 254:49-70. [PMID: 32859293 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Across the last century psychology has provided a lot of insight about social-cognitive competence. Recognizing facial expressions, joint attention, discrimination of cues and experiencing empathy are just a few examples of the social skills humans acquire from birth to adolescence. However, how very early brain maturation provides a platform to support the attainment of highly complex social behavior later in development remains poorly understood. Magnetic Resonance Imaging provides a safe means to investigate the typical and atypical maturation of regions of the brain responsible for social cognition in as early as the perinatal period. Here, we first review some technical challenges and advances of using functional magnetic resonance imaging on developing infants to then describe current knowledge on the development of diverse systems associated with social function. We will then explain how these characteristics might differ in infants with genetic or environmental risk factors, who are vulnerable to atypical neurodevelopment. Finally, given the rapid early development of systems necessary for social skills, we propose a new framework to investigate sensitive time windows of development when neural substrates might be more vulnerable to impairment due to a genetic or environmental insult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Ciarrusta
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ralica Dimitrova
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Grainne McAlonan
- Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Burkhanova G, Chernova K, Khazipov R, Sheroziya M. Effects of Cortical Cooling on Activity Across Layers of the Rat Barrel Cortex. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:52. [PMID: 32848644 PMCID: PMC7417609 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Moderate cortical cooling is known to suppress slow oscillations and to evoke persistent cortical activity. However, the cooling-induced changes in electrical activity across cortical layers remain largely unknown. Here, we performed multi-channel local field potential (LFP) and multi-unit activity (MUA) recordings with linear silicone probes through the layers of single cortical barrel columns in urethane-anesthetized rats under normothermia (38°C) and during local cortical surface cooling (30°C). During cortically generated slow oscillations, moderate cortical cooling decreased delta wave amplitude, delta-wave occurrence, the duration of silent states, and delta wave-locked MUA synchronization. Moderate cortical cooling increased total time spent in the active state and decreased total time spent in the silent state. Cooling-evoked changes in the MUA firing rate in cortical layer 5 (L5) varied from increase to decrease across animals, and the polarity of changes in L5 MUA correlated with changes in total time spent in the active state. The decrease in temperature reduced MUA firing rates in all other cortical layers. Sensory-evoked MUA responses also decreased during cooling through all cortical layers. The cooling-dependent slowdown was detected at the fast time-scale with a decreased frequency of sensory-evoked high-frequency oscillations (HFO). Thus, moderate cortical cooling suppresses slow oscillations and desynchronizes neuronal activity through all cortical layers, and is associated with reduced firing across all cortical layers except L5, where cooling induces variable and non-consistent changes in neuronal firing, which are common features of the transition from slow-wave synchronization to desynchronized activity in the barrel cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kseniya Chernova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Roustem Khazipov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED, Marseille, France
| | - Maxim Sheroziya
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shibata T, Otsubo H. Phase-amplitude coupling of delta brush unveiling neuronal modulation development in the neonatal brain. Neurosci Lett 2020; 735:135211. [PMID: 32593774 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Delta brushes are an indicator of brain maturity on a neonatal EEG. We investigated phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between slow delta waves and superimposed alpha-beta activity in delta brushes to elucidate the spatiotemporal developments of the delta brush with post-menstrual weeks (PMW). METHODS The subjects were 18 neurologically intact patients (seven girls). We analyzed EEG within 42 PMW. Patients were divided into four age groups as follows: PMW ≤30w; 31-34 w; 35-38 w; and 39-42 w. We selected up to three epochs of 2-minute EEG segments including delta brushes. We calculated the modulation index (MI), direct mean vector length (dMVL), and mean of phase angle of coupling by PAC between slow waves (0.5-1.5 Hz) and fast activities (8-25 Hz) in four regions (F: Fp1 and Fp2, C: C3 and C4, T: T3 and T4, O: O1 and O2). RESULTS We collected data from 18 patients and 31 epochs between 29 and 42 PMW, which comprised one, four, five, and eight patients, and two, seven, eight, and 14 epochs in the ≤30w, 31-34 w, 35-38 w, and 39-42 w groups, respectively. There were significant differences in the dMVL between the four regions in age groups ≤30w (P = 0.033) and 31-34w (0.017). Both MI and dMVL showed that delta brushes became higher in the occipital region from 32 to 36 PMW. The mean phase angle of coupling concentrated around either 0° or 180° for all age groups. CONCLUSIONS PAC analysis revealed the spatiotemporal relations of alpha-beta activities that are modulated by slow delta waves in neonatal delta brushes. The delta brushes appeared to be at a maximum around 32-36 PMW with the predominant occipital distribution. The PAC of the delta brush might represent the cortical neuronal fast activity that is modulated by slow delta waves of subcortical regions during a particular neonatal period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shibata
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Otsubo
- Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Murata Y, Colonnese MT. GABAergic interneurons excite neonatal hippocampus in vivo. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba1430. [PMID: 32582852 PMCID: PMC7292633 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba1430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
GABAergic interneurons are proposed to be critical for early activity and synapse formation by directly exciting, rather than inhibiting, neurons in developing hippocampus and neocortex. However, the role of GABAergic neurons in the generation of neonatal network activity has not been tested in vivo, and recent studies have challenged the excitatory nature of early GABA. By locally manipulating interneuron activity in unanesthetized neonatal mice, we show that GABAergic neurons are excitatory in CA1 hippocampus at postnatal day 3 (P3) and are responsible for most of the spontaneous firing of pyramidal cells at that age. Hippocampal interneurons become inhibitory by P7, whereas visual cortex interneurons are already inhibitory by P3 and remain so throughout development. These regional and age-specific differences are the result of a change in chloride reversal potential, because direct activation of light-gated anion channels in glutamatergic neurons drives CA1 firing at P3, but silences it at P7 in CA1, and at all ages in visual cortex. This study in the intact brain reveals that GABAergic interneuron excitation is essential for network activity in neonatal hippocampus and confirms that visual cortical interneurons are inhibitory throughout early postnatal development.
Collapse
|
40
|
Ciarrusta J, Dimitrova R, Batalle D, O'Muircheartaigh J, Cordero-Grande L, Price A, Hughes E, Kangas J, Perry E, Javed A, Demilew J, Hajnal J, Edwards AD, Murphy D, Arichi T, McAlonan G. Emerging functional connectivity differences in newborn infants vulnerable to autism spectrum disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:131. [PMID: 32376820 PMCID: PMC7203016 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in animal models of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) suggest atypical early neural activity is a core vulnerability mechanism which alters functional connectivity and predisposes to dysmaturation of neural circuits. However, underlying biological changes associated to ASD in humans remain unclear. Results from functional connectivity studies of individuals diagnosed with ASD are highly heterogeneous, in part because of complex life-long secondary and/or compensatory events. To minimize these confounds and examine primary vulnerability mechanisms, we need to investigate very early brain development. Here, we tested the hypothesis that brain functional connectivity is altered in neonates who are vulnerable to this condition due to a family history of ASD. We acquired high temporal resolution multiband resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in newborn infants with and without a first-degree relative with ASD. Differences in local functional connectivity were quantified using regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis and long-range connectivity was assessed using distance correlation analysis. Neonates who have a first-degree relative with ASD had significantly higher ReHo within multiple resting state networks in comparison to age matched controls; there were no differences in long range connectivity. Atypical local functional activity may constitute a biomarker of vulnerability, that might precede disruptions in long range connectivity reported in older individuals diagnosed with ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Ciarrusta
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Dept. of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Ralica Dimitrova
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Dept. of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Dafnis Batalle
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Dept. of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Dept. of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Lucilio Cordero-Grande
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Price
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Emer Hughes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Johanna Kangas
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- Dept. of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Perry
- Dept. of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Ayesha Javed
- Dept. of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Demilew
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Hajnal
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Declan Murphy
- Dept. of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tomoki Arichi
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Grainne McAlonan
- Dept. of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom.
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom.
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wallois F, Routier L, Bourel-Ponchel E. Impact of prematurity on neurodevelopment. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2020; 173:341-375. [PMID: 32958184 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64150-2.00026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The consequences of prematurity on brain functional development are numerous and diverse, and impact all brain functions at different levels. Prematurity occurs between 22 and 36 weeks of gestation. This period is marked by extreme dynamics in the physiologic maturation, structural, and functional processes. These different processes appear sequentially or simultaneously. They are dependent on genetic and/or environmental factors. Disturbance of these processes or of the fine-tuning between them, when caring for premature children, is likely to induce disturbances in the structural and functional development of the immature neural networks. These will appear as impairments in learning skills progress and are likely to have a lasting impact on the development of children born prematurely. The level of severity depends on the initial alteration, whether structural or functional. In this chapter, after having briefly reviewed the neurodevelopmental, structural, and functional processes, we describe, in a nonexhaustive manner, the impact of prematurity on the different brain, motor, sensory, and cognitive functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Wallois
- Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne Picardie University, Amiens, France; Department of Pediatric Functional Exploration of the Nervous System, University Hospital, Picardie, Amiens, France.
| | - Laura Routier
- Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne Picardie University, Amiens, France; Department of Pediatric Functional Exploration of the Nervous System, University Hospital, Picardie, Amiens, France
| | - Emilie Bourel-Ponchel
- Research Group on Multimodal Analysis of Brain Function, Jules Verne Picardie University, Amiens, France; Department of Pediatric Functional Exploration of the Nervous System, University Hospital, Picardie, Amiens, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Leikos S, Tokariev A, Koolen N, Nevalainen P, Vanhatalo S. Cortical responses to tactile stimuli in preterm infants. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 51:1059-1073. [PMID: 31679163 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The conventional assessment of preterm somatosensory functions using averaged cortical responses to electrical stimulation ignores the characteristic components of preterm somatosensory evoked responses (SERs). Our study aimed to systematically evaluate the occurrence and development of SERs after tactile stimulus in preterm infants. We analysed SERs performed during 45 electroencephalograms (EEGs) from 29 infants at the mean post-menstrual age of 30.7 weeks. Altogether 2,087 SERs were identified visually at single-trial level from unfiltered signals capturing also their slowest components. We observed salient SERs with a high-amplitude slow component at a high success rate after hand (95%) and foot (83%) stimuli. There was a clear developmental change in both the slow wave and the higher-frequency components of the SERs. Infants with intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH; eleven infants) had initially normal SERs, but those with bilateral IVH later showed a developmental decrease in the ipsilateral SER occurrence after 30 weeks of post-menstrual age. Our study shows that tactile stimulus applied at bedside elicits salient SERs with a large slow component and an overriding fast oscillation, which are specific to the preterm period. Prior experimental research indicates that such SERs allow studying both subplate and cortical functions. Our present findings further suggest that they might offer a window to the emergence of neurodevelopmental sequelae after major structural brain lesions and, hence, an additional tool for both research and clinical neurophysiological evaluation of infants before term age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Leikos
- Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, Children's Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anton Tokariev
- Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, Children's Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ninah Koolen
- Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, Children's Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Nevalainen
- Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, Children's Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Vanhatalo
- Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, Children's Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Duan ZRS, Che A, Chu P, Modol L, Bollmann Y, Babij R, Fetcho RN, Otsuka T, Fuccillo MV, Liston C, Pisapia DJ, Cossart R, De Marco García NV. GABAergic Restriction of Network Dynamics Regulates Interneuron Survival in the Developing Cortex. Neuron 2019; 105:75-92.e5. [PMID: 31780329 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During neonatal development, sensory cortices generate spontaneous activity patterns shaped by both sensory experience and intrinsic influences. How these patterns contribute to the assembly of neuronal circuits is not clearly understood. Using longitudinal in vivo calcium imaging in un-anesthetized mouse pups, we show that spatially segregated functional assemblies composed of interneurons and pyramidal cells are prominent in the somatosensory cortex by postnatal day (P) 7. Both reduction of GABA release and synaptic inputs onto pyramidal cells erode the emergence of functional topography, leading to increased network synchrony. This aberrant pattern effectively blocks interneuron apoptosis, causing increased survival of parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons. Furthermore, the effect of GABA on apoptosis is mediated by inputs from medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)-derived but not caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE)-derived interneurons. These findings indicate that immature MGE interneurons are fundamental for shaping GABA-driven activity patterns that balance the number of interneurons integrating into maturing cortical networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ran S Duan
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Alicia Che
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Philip Chu
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Laura Modol
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Yannick Bollmann
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Rachel Babij
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Robert N Fetcho
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Takumi Otsuka
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Marc V Fuccillo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Conor Liston
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - David J Pisapia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rosa Cossart
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMED, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Natalia V De Marco García
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Okujeni S, Egert U. Self-organization of modular network architecture by activity-dependent neuronal migration and outgrowth. eLife 2019; 8:47996. [PMID: 31526478 PMCID: PMC6783273 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatial distribution of neurons and activity-dependent neurite outgrowth shape long-range interaction, recurrent local connectivity and the modularity in neuronal networks. We investigated how this mesoscale architecture develops by interaction of neurite outgrowth, cell migration and activity in cultured networks of rat cortical neurons and show that simple rules can explain variations of network modularity. In contrast to theoretical studies on activity-dependent outgrowth but consistent with predictions for modular networks, spontaneous activity and the rate of synchronized bursts increased with clustering, whereas peak firing rates in bursts increased in highly interconnected homogeneous networks. As Ca2+ influx increased exponentially with increasing network recruitment during bursts, its modulation was highly correlated to peak firing rates. During network maturation, long-term estimates of Ca2+ influx showed convergence, even for highly different mesoscale architectures, neurite extent, connectivity, modularity and average activity levels, indicating homeostatic regulation towards a common set-point of Ca2+ influx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samora Okujeni
- Laboratory for Biomicrotechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering-IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Egert
- Laboratory for Biomicrotechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering-IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Teppola H, Aćimović J, Linne ML. Unique Features of Network Bursts Emerge From the Complex Interplay of Excitatory and Inhibitory Receptors in Rat Neocortical Networks. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:377. [PMID: 31555093 PMCID: PMC6742722 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous network activity plays a fundamental role in the formation of functional networks during early development. The landmark of this activity is the recurrent emergence of intensive time-limited network bursts (NBs) rapidly spreading across the entire dissociated culture in vitro. The main excitatory mediators of NBs are glutamatergic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) and N-Methyl-D-aspartic-acid receptors (NMDARs) that express fast and slow ion channel kinetics, respectively. The fast inhibition of the activity is mediated through gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs). Although the AMPAR, NMDAR and GABAAR kinetics have been biophysically characterized in detail at the monosynaptic level in a variety of brain areas, the unique features of NBs emerging from the kinetics and the complex interplay of these receptors are not well understood. The goal of this study is to analyze the contribution of fast GABAARs on AMPAR- and NMDAR- mediated spontaneous NB activity in dissociated neonatal rat cortical cultures at 3 weeks in vitro. The networks were probed by both acute and gradual application of each excitatory receptor antagonist and combinations of acute excitatory and inhibitory receptor antagonists. At the same time, the extracellular network-wide activity was recorded with microelectrode arrays (MEAs). We analyzed the characteristic NB measures extracted from NB rate profiles and the distributions of interspike intervals, interburst intervals, and electrode recruitment time as well as the similarity of spatio-temporal patterns of network activity under different receptor antagonists. We show that NBs were rapidly initiated and recruited as well as diversely propagated by AMPARs and temporally and spatially maintained by NMDARs. GABAARs reduced the spiking frequency in AMPAR-mediated networks and dampened the termination of NBs in NMDAR-mediated networks as well as slowed down the recruitment of activity in all networks. Finally, we show characteristic super bursts composed of slow NBs with highly repetitive spatio-temporal patterns in gradually AMPAR blocked networks. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to unravel in detail how the three main mediators of synaptic transmission uniquely shape the NB characteristics, such as the initiation, maintenance, recruitment and termination of NBs in cortical cell cultures in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Teppola
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jugoslava Aćimović
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marja-Leena Linne
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Salmi M, Del Gallo F, Minlebaev M, Zakharov A, Pauly V, Perron P, Pons‐Bennaceur A, Corby‐Pellegrino S, Aniksztejn L, Lenck‐Santini P, Epsztein J, Khazipov R, Burnashev N, Bertini G, Szepetowski P. Impaired vocal communication, sleep‐related discharges, and transient alteration of slow‐wave sleep in developing mice lacking the GluN2A subunit of
N
‐methyl‐
d
‐aspartate receptors. Epilepsia 2019; 60:1424-1437. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.16060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manal Salmi
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
| | - Federico Del Gallo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences University of Verona Verona Italy
| | - Marat Minlebaev
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
- Laboratory of Neurobiology Kazan Federal University Kazan Russia
| | - Andrey Zakharov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology Kazan Federal University Kazan Russia
| | - Vanessa Pauly
- Public Health Laboratory, Recognized Team (EA) 3279 Associate Center for Drug Dependency and Addictovigilance Faculty of Medicine Aix‐Marseille University Marseille France
| | - Pauline Perron
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
| | - Alexandre Pons‐Bennaceur
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
| | - Séverine Corby‐Pellegrino
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
| | - Laurent Aniksztejn
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
| | - Pierre‐Pascal Lenck‐Santini
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
| | - Jérôme Epsztein
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
| | - Rustem Khazipov
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
- Laboratory of Neurobiology Kazan Federal University Kazan Russia
| | - Nail Burnashev
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
| | - Giuseppe Bertini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences University of Verona Verona Italy
| | - Pierre Szepetowski
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM Joint Research Unit UMR 1249Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology INMEDAix‐Marseille University Marseille France
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Carrasco M, Stafstrom CE. How Early Can a Seizure Happen? Pathophysiological Considerations of Extremely Premature Infant Brain Development. Dev Neurosci 2019; 40:417-436. [PMID: 30947192 DOI: 10.1159/000497471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizures in neonates represent a neurologic emergency requiring prompt recognition, determination of etiology, and treatment. Yet, the definition and identification of neonatal seizures remain challenging and controversial, in part due to the unique physiology of brain development at this life stage. These issues are compounded when considering seizures in premature infants, in whom the complexities of brain development may engender different clinical and electrographic seizure features at different points in neuronal maturation. In extremely premature infants (< 28 weeks gestational age), seizure pathophysiology has not been explored in detail. This review discusses the physiological and structural development of the brain in this developmental window, focusing on factors that may lead to seizures and their consequences at this early time point. We hypothesize that the clinical and electrographic phenomenology of seizures in extremely preterm infants reflects the specific pathophysiology of brain development in that age window.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Carrasco
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Carl E Stafstrom
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Murata Y, Colonnese MT. Thalamic inhibitory circuits and network activity development. Brain Res 2019; 1706:13-23. [PMID: 30366019 PMCID: PMC6363901 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitory circuits in thalamus and cortex shape the major activity patterns observed by electroencephalogram (EEG) in the adult brain. Their delayed maturation and circuit integration, relative to excitatory neurons, suggest inhibitory neuronal development could be responsible for the onset of mature thalamocortical activity. Indeed, the immature brain lacks many inhibition-dependent activity patterns, such as slow-waves, delta oscillations and sleep-spindles, and instead expresses other unique oscillatory activities in multiple species including humans. Thalamus contributes significantly to the generation of these early oscillations. Compared to the abundance of studies on the development of inhibition in cortex, however, the maturation of thalamic inhibition is poorly understood. Here we review developmental changes in the neuronal and circuit properties of the thalamic relay and its interconnected inhibitory thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) both in vitro and in vivo, and discuss their potential contribution to early network activity and its maturation. While much is unknown, we argue that weak inhibitory function in the developing thalamus allows for amplification of thalamocortical activity that supports the generation of early oscillations. The available evidence suggests that the developmental acquisition of critical thalamic oscillations such as slow-waves and sleep-spindles is driven by maturation of the TRN. Further studies to elucidate thalamic GABAergic circuit formation in relation to thalamocortical network function would help us better understand normal as well as pathological brain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunobu Murata
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, and Institute for Neuroscience, George Washington University, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Matthew T Colonnese
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, and Institute for Neuroscience, George Washington University, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Akman O, Raol YH, Auvin S, Cortez MA, Kubova H, de Curtis M, Ikeda A, Dudek FE, Galanopoulou AS. Methodologic recommendations and possible interpretations of video-EEG recordings in immature rodents used as experimental controls: A TASK1-WG2 report of the ILAE/AES Joint Translational Task Force. Epilepsia Open 2018; 3:437-459. [PMID: 30525114 PMCID: PMC6276777 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of immature rodents to study physiologic aspects of cortical development requires high‐quality recordings electroencephalography (EEG) with simultaneous video recording (vEEG) of behavior. Normative developmental vEEG data in control animals are fundamental for the study of abnormal background activity in animal models of seizures or other neurologic disorders. Electrical recordings from immature, freely behaving rodents can be particularly difficult because of the small size of immature rodents, their thin and soft skull, interference with the recording apparatus by the dam, and other technical challenges. In this report of the TASK1 Working Group 2 (WG2) of the International League Against Epilepsy/American Epilepsy Society (ILAE/AES) Joint Translational Task Force, we provide suggestions that aim to optimize future vEEG recordings from immature rodents, as well as their interpretation. We focus on recordings from immature rodents younger than 30 days old used as experimental controls, because the quality and correct interpretation of such recordings is important when interpreting the vEEG results of animals serving as models of neurologic disorders. We discuss the technical aspects of such recordings and compare tethered versus wireless approaches. We also summarize the appearance of common artifacts and various patterns of electrical activity seen in young rodents used as controls as a function of behavioral state, age, and (where known) sex and strain. The information herein will hopefully help improve the methodology of vEEG recordings from immature rodents and may lead to results and interpretations that are more consistent across studies from different laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Akman
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Istanbul Bilim University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Yogendra H Raol
- Division of Neurology Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine Translational Epilepsy Research Program University of Colorado Aurora Colorado U.S.A
| | - Stéphane Auvin
- PROTECT, INSERM UMR1141 APHP University Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France.,University Hospital Robert-Debré Service of Pediatric Neurology Paris France
| | - Miguel A Cortez
- Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada.,Program of Neurosciences and Mental Health Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning SickKids Research Institute Toronto Ontario Canada.,Division of Neurology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Hana Kubova
- Department of Developmental Epileptology Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marco de Curtis
- Epilepsy Unit Carlo Besta Neurological Institute Foundation Milan Italy
| | - Akio Ikeda
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders, and Physiology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - F Edward Dudek
- Department of Neurosurgery University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City Utah U.S.A
| | - Aristea S Galanopoulou
- Laboratory of Developmental Epilepsy Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience Isabelle Rapin Division of Child Neurology Albert Einstein College of Medicine Einstein/Montefiore Epilepsy Center Montefiore Medical Center Bronx New York U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Che A, Babij R, Iannone AF, Fetcho RN, Ferrer M, Liston C, Fishell G, De Marco García NV. Layer I Interneurons Sharpen Sensory Maps during Neonatal Development. Neuron 2018; 99:98-116.e7. [PMID: 29937280 PMCID: PMC6152945 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The neonatal mammal faces an array of sensory stimuli when diverse neuronal types have yet to form sensory maps. How these inputs interact with intrinsic neuronal activity to facilitate circuit assembly is not well understood. By using longitudinal calcium imaging in unanesthetized mouse pups, we show that layer I (LI) interneurons, delineated by co-expression of the 5HT3a serotonin receptor (5HT3aR) and reelin (Re), display spontaneous calcium transients with the highest degree of synchrony among cell types present in the superficial barrel cortex at postnatal day 6 (P6). 5HT3aR Re interneurons are activated by whisker stimulation during this period, and sensory deprivation induces decorrelation of their activity. Moreover, attenuation of thalamic inputs through knockdown of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) in these interneurons results in expansion of whisker responses, aberrant barrel map formation, and deficits in whisker-dependent behavior. These results indicate that recruitment of specific interneuron types during development is critical for adult somatosensory function. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Che
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Rachel Babij
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Andrew F Iannone
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Robert N Fetcho
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Monica Ferrer
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Conor Liston
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Gord Fishell
- Harvard Medical School and the Stanley Center at the Broad, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Natalia V De Marco García
- Center for Neurogenetics, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| |
Collapse
|