1
|
Fitzpatrick M, Szalanczy A, Beeson A, Vora A, Scott C, Grzybowski M, Klotz J, Der N, Chen R, Geurts AM, Woods LCS. Protein-coding mutation in Adcy3 increases adiposity and alters emotional behaviors sex-dependently in rats. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.16.598846. [PMID: 38916175 PMCID: PMC11195162 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.16.598846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Objective Adenylate cyclase 3 (Adcy3) has been linked to both obesity and major depressive disorder (MDD). Our lab identified a protein-coding variant in the 2nd transmembrane (TM) helix of Adcy3 in rats, and similar obesity variants have been identified in humans. The current study investigates the role of a TM variant in adiposity and behavior. Methods We used CRISPR-SpCas9 to mutate the TM domain of Adcy3 in WKY rats (Adcy3mut/mut). We also created a heterozygous knockout rat in the same strain (Adcy3+/-). Wild-type (WT), Adcy3+/-, and Adcy3mut/mut rats were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. We measured body weight, fat mass, glucose tolerance, food intake, metabolism, emotion-like behaviors, and memory. Results Adcy3+/- and Adcy3mut/mut rats weighed more than WT rats due to increased fat mass. There were key sex differences: adiposity was driven by increased food intake in males but by decreased energy expenditure in females. Adcy3mut/mut males displayed increased passive coping and decreased memory while Adcy3mut/mut females displayed increased anxiety-like behavior. Conclusions These studies show that the ADCY3 TM domain plays a role in protein function, that Adcy3 may contribute to the relationship between obesity and MDD, and that sex influences the relationships between Adcy3, metabolism, and behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Fitzpatrick
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC, USA
| | - Alexandria Szalanczy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC, USA
| | - Angela Beeson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC, USA
| | - Anusha Vora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC, USA
| | - Christina Scott
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC, USA
| | - Michael Grzybowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI, USA
| | - Jason Klotz
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI, USA
| | - Nataley Der
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC, USA
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC, USA
| | - Aron M Geurts
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI, USA
| | - Leah C Solberg Woods
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Freire T, Pulpitel T, Clark X, Mackay F, Raubenheimer D, Simpson SJ, Solon-Biet SM, Crean AJ. The effects of paternal dietary fat versus sugar on offspring body composition and anxiety-related behavior. Physiol Behav 2024; 279:114533. [PMID: 38552707 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the pre-conception parental environment has long-term consequences for offspring health and disease susceptibility. Though much of the work in this field concentrates on maternal influences, there is growing understanding that fathers also play a significant role in affecting offspring phenotypes. In this study, we investigate effects of altering the proportion of dietary fats and carbohydrates on paternal and offspring body composition and anxiety-related behavior in C57Bl/6-JArc mice. We show that in an isocaloric context, greater dietary fat increased body fat and reduced anxiety-like behavior of studs, whereas increased dietary sucrose had no significant effect. These dietary effects were not reflected in offspring traits, rather, we found sex-specific effects that differed between offspring body composition and behavioral traits. This finding is consistent with past paternal effect studies, where transgenerational effects have been shown to be more prominent in one sex over the other. Here, male offspring of fathers fed high-fat diets were heavier at 10 weeks of age due to increased lean body mass, whereas paternal diet had no significant effect on female offspring body fat or lean mass. In contrast, paternal dietary sugar appeared to have the strongest effects on male offspring behavior, with male offspring of high-sucrose fathers spending less time in the closed arms of the elevated plus maze. Both high-fat and high-sugar paternal diets were found to reduce anxiety-like behavior of female offspring, although this effect was only evident when offspring were fed a control diet. This study provides new understanding of the ways in which diet can shape the behavior of fathers and their offspring and contribute to the development of dietary guidelines to improve obesity and mental health conditions, such as anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Therese Freire
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia.
| | - Tamara Pulpitel
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Ximonie Clark
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Flora Mackay
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Samantha M Solon-Biet
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Angela J Crean
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wagner VA, Holl KL, Clark KC, Reho JJ, Lehmler HJ, Wang K, Grobe JL, Dwinell MR, Raff H, Kwitek AE. The Power of the Heterogeneous Stock Rat Founder Strains in Modeling Metabolic Disease. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad157. [PMID: 37882530 PMCID: PMC10637104 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are a host of complex conditions, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. Endocrine control systems (eg, adrenals, thyroid, gonads) are causally linked to metabolic health outcomes. N/NIH Heterogeneous Stock (HS) rats are a genetically heterogeneous outbred population developed for genetic studies of complex traits. Genetic mapping studies in adult HS rats identified loci associated with cardiometabolic risks, such as glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and increased body mass index. This study determined underappreciated metabolic health traits and the associated endocrine glands within available substrains of the HS rat founders. We hypothesize that the genetic diversity of the HS rat founder strains causes a range of endocrine health conditions contributing to the diversity of cardiometabolic disease risks. ACI/EurMcwi, BN/NHsdMcwi, BUF/MnaMcwi, F344/StmMcwi, M520/NRrrcMcwi, and WKY/NCrl rats of both sexes were studied from birth until 13 weeks of age. Birth weight was recorded, body weight was measured weekly, metabolic characteristics were assessed, and blood and tissues were collected. Our data show wide variation in endocrine traits and metabolic health states in ACI, BN, BUF, F344, M520, and WKY rat strains. This is the first report to compare birth weight, resting metabolic rate, endocrine gland weight, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis hormones, and brown adipose tissue weight in these rat strains. Importantly, this work unveils new potential for the HS rat population to model early life adversity and adrenal and thyroid pathophysiology. The HS population likely inherited risk alleles for these strain-specific traits, making the HS rat a powerful model to investigate interventions on endocrine and metabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie A Wagner
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Katie L Holl
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Karen C Clark
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - John J Reho
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Justin L Grobe
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Melinda R Dwinell
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Hershel Raff
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Endocrine Research Laboratory, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Anne E Kwitek
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Rat Genome Database, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Carr KD, Weiner SP, Vasquez C, Schmidt AM. Involvement of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) in high fat-high sugar diet-induced anhedonia in rats. Physiol Behav 2023; 271:114337. [PMID: 37625475 PMCID: PMC10592025 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and basic science investigation indicates a link between insulin resistance and anhedonia. Previous results of this laboratory point to impaired nucleus accumbens (NAc) insulin signaling as an underpinning of diet-induced anhedonia, based on use of a glucose lick microstructure assay. The present study evaluated whether advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE), known to mediate obesogenic diet-induced inflammation and pathological metabolic conditions, are involved in this behavioral change. Six weeks maintenance of male and female rats on a high fat-high sugar liquid diet (chocolate Ensure) increased body weight gain, and markedly increased circulating insulin and leptin, but induced anhedonia (decreased first minute lick rate and lick burst size) in males only. In these subjects, anhedonia correlated with plasma concentrations of insulin. Although the diet did not alter plasma or NAc AGEs, or the expression of RAGE in the NAc, marginally significant correlations were seen between anhedonia and plasma content of several AGEs and NAc RAGE. Importantly, a small molecule RAGE antagonist, RAGE229, administered twice daily by oral gavage, prevented diet-induced anhedonia. This beneficial effect was associated with improved adipose function, reflected in the adiponectin/leptin ratio, and increased pCREB/total CREB in the NAc, and a shift in the pCREB correlation with pThr34-DARPP-32 from near-zero to strongly positive, such that both phospho-proteins correlated with the rescued hedonic response. This set of findings suggests that the receptor/signaling pathway and cell type underlying the RAGE229-mediated increase in pCREB may mediate anhedonia and its prevention. The possible role of adipose tissue as a locus of diet-induced RAGE signaling, and source of circulating factors that target NAc to modify hedonic reactivity are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D Carr
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States.
| | - Sydney P Weiner
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Carolina Vasquez
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States; Departments of Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Departments of Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A comparative study of Western, high-carbohydrate, and standard lab diet consumption throughout adolescence on metabolic and anxiety-related outcomes in young adult male and female Long-Evans rats. Behav Brain Res 2023; 438:114184. [PMID: 36336161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety and obesity are prevalent health concerns that are affected by diet in rodents and humans. How diet influences the development and maintenance of anxiety and obesity has been challenging to characterize, in part, due to methodological differences in chosen experimental and control diets. Within the same experiment, anxiety- and obesity-related effects were characterized in rats fed a Western diet (WD) relative to two control diets. Sixty Long-Evans rats split equally by sex were given standard diet (SD), control (i.e., high-carbohydrate) diet (HCD), or WD from weaning until sacrifice in early adulthood. Anxiety-related behavior was characterized in a modified open field test (mOFT) that allowed for the measurement of defensive behaviors (e.g., hiding within a refuge area), in addition to traditional OF measures (e.g., time in center). Both anxiety-related behaviors and hippocampal CA3 BDNF revealed specific sex differences. Neither adolescent weight gain of male and female rats, nor total body weight in early adulthood, were dependent on administration of HCD or WD, although the WD group consumed the most calories. In males only, administration of either WD or HCD resulted in elevated leptin levels relative to administration of the SD. Results indicate that SDs and HCDs are two distinct types of control diets that can affect comparability of studies and that using an SD might reveal more subtle metabolic changes. Control diet choice should be strongly considered during study design and interpretation, depending on specific research goals. Such studies should include both males and females as these effects are sex-specific.
Collapse
|
6
|
Demir EA, Gulbol-Duran G, Urhan-Kucuk M, Dogan H, Tutuk O, Cimen F, Bayirli M, Tumer C, Duran N. Behavioral and Cognitive Consequences of Obesity in Parents and Offspring in Female and Male Rats: Implications of Neuroinflammation and Neuromodulation. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3947-3968. [PMID: 35438432 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a rapidly growing public health concern that can create a family-wise burden. This study was aimed to investigate behavioral, cognitive, neuroinflammatory, and neuromodulatory consequences of the diet and parental obesity. Female and male Wistar albino rats were fed on either an obesogenic or standard diet for 12 weeks, beginning with weaning. Thereafter, the animals were matched and allowed to mate. Pups born to obese or normal parents received either the diet or standard chow to the same age. The obesogenic diet and/or parental obesity increased the locomotor activity in both females and males. The diet exhibited anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like properties, and impaired short-term object memory as well as spatial memory. Interestingly, the obesogenic diet resulted in neuroinflammation only in naïve animals, but not in the ones with parental obesity. BDNF, SIRT1, and p53 expressions were decreased, whereas RelN expression was increased in the brain with the diet, regardless of parental obesity. Multi-factor analyses demonstrated that the obesogenic diet is the prominent influencer of cognitive, neuroinflammatory, and neuromodulatory results while parental obesity has an effect on spatial memory, neuroinflammation, and hippocampal RelN and p53 expressions. Here, we provided supporting evidence for detrimental cognitive and neuroinflammatory consequences of early life consumption of the obesogenic diet which accompanies alterations in neuromodulatory factors. Surprisingly, the diet was found beneficial against anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors, and additionally, parental obesity was demonstrated to impair some aspects of cognitive performance which appears unrelated to neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enver Ahmet Demir
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey, 31040.
| | - Gulay Gulbol-Duran
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Meral Urhan-Kucuk
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Hatice Dogan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey, 31040
| | - Okan Tutuk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey, 31040
| | - Funda Cimen
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mucella Bayirli
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Cemil Tumer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey, 31040
| | - Nizami Duran
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Poggiogalle E, Rossignon F, Carayon A, Capel F, Rigaudière JP, De Saint Vincent S, Le-Bacquer O, Salles J, Giraudet C, Patrac V, Lebecque P, Walrand S, Boirie Y, Martin V, Guillet C. Deleterious Effect of High-Fat Diet on Skeletal Muscle Performance Is Prevented by High-Protein Intake in Adult Rats but Not in Old Rats. Front Physiol 2022; 12:749049. [PMID: 35111075 PMCID: PMC8801536 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.749049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotype of sarcopenic obesity is frequently associated with impaired muscle strength and performance. Ectopic lipid deposition may interfere with muscle anabolic response especially during aging. Evidence is scarce concerning the potential interplay among aging and nutrient imbalance on skeletal muscle functionality. The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of protein intake in the context of an obesogenic diet on skeletal muscle functional properties and intramuscular lipid infiltration. Two groups of forty-two adult and thirty-seven old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: isocaloric standard diet (12% protein, 14% lipid, as ST12); isocaloric standard (high-protein) diet (25% protein, 14% lipid, ST25); hypercaloric high-fat (normal-protein) diet (12% protein, 45% lipid, HF12); and hypercaloric high-fat (high-protein) diet (25% protein, 45% lipid, HF25). The nutritional intervention lasted 10 weeks. Total body composition was measured through Echo-MRI. Lipids were extracted from tibialis anterior muscle and analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. The functional properties of the plantarflexor muscles were evaluated in vivo on an isokinetic dynamometer. Maximal torque was assessed from the torque-frequency relationship in isometric condition and maximal power was evaluated from the torque-velocity relationship in concentric condition. In adult rats high-protein intake combined with high-fat diet determined a lower decrease in relative isometric torque, normalized to either FFM or body weight, compared with adult rats fed a high-fat normal-protein diet. High-fat diet was also detrimental to relative muscle power, as normalized to body weight, that decreased to a larger extent in adult rats fed a high-fat normal-protein diet than their counterparts fed a normal-fat, high-protein diet. The effect of high-fat diet observed in adults, with the enhanced protein intake (25%) conferring some kind of protection against the negative effects of HFD, may be linked to the reduced intramuscular fat in this group, which may have contributed to preserve, at least partly, the contractile properties. A potential role for high-protein diet in preventing ectopic lipid deposition needs to be explored in future research. Detrimental effects of high- fat diet on skeletal muscle performance are mitigated by high- protein intake in adult rats but not in old rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Poggiogalle
- Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Correspondence: Eleonora Poggiogalle,
| | - Fanny Rossignon
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aude Carayon
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fréderic Capel
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Paul Rigaudière
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sarah De Saint Vincent
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Olivier Le-Bacquer
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jérôme Salles
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christophe Giraudet
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Véronique Patrac
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Patrice Lebecque
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphane Walrand
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Martin
- AME2P, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Guillet
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
A new experimental design to study inflammation-related versus non-inflammation-related depression in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:290. [PMID: 34895261 PMCID: PMC8666053 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a major public health concern, particularly due to its steadily rising prevalence and the poor responsiveness to standard antidepressants notably in patients afflicted with chronic inflammatory conditions, such as obesity. This highlights the need to improve current therapeutic strategies, including by targeting inflammation based on its role in the pathophysiology and treatment responsiveness of MDD. Nevertheless, dissecting the relative contribution of inflammation in the development and treatment of MDD remains a major issue, further complicated by the lack of preclinical depression models suitable to experimentally dissociate inflammation-related vs. inflammation-unrelated depression. Methods While current models usually focus on one particular MDD risk factor, we compared in male C57BL/6J mice the behavioral, inflammatory and neurobiological impact of chronic exposure to high-fat diet (HFD), a procedure known to induce inflammation-related depressive-like behaviors, and unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), a stress-induced depression model notably renowned for its responsivity to antidepressants. Results While both paradigms induced neurovegetative, depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviors, inflammation and downstream neurobiological pathways contributing to inflammation-driven depression were specifically activated in HFD mice, as revealed by increased circulating levels of inflammatory factors, as well as brain expression of microglial activation markers and enzymes from the kynurenine and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) pathways. In addition, serotoninergic and dopaminergic systems were differentially impacted, depending on the experimental condition. Conclusions These data validate an experimental design suitable to deeply study the mechanisms underlying inflammation-driven depression comparatively to non-inflammatory depression. This design could help to better understand the pathophysiology of treatment resistant depression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02330-9.
Collapse
|
9
|
Smith ME, Cisbani G, Metherel AH, Bazinet RP. The Majority of Brain Palmitic Acid is Maintained by Lipogenesis from Dietary Sugars and is Augmented in Mice fed Low Palmitic Acid Levels from Birth. J Neurochem 2021; 161:112-128. [PMID: 34780089 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previously, results from studies investigating if brain palmitic acid (16:0; PAM) was maintained by either dietary uptake or lipogenesis de novo (DNL) varied. Here, we utilize naturally occurring carbon isotope ratios (13 C/12 C; δ13 C) to uncover the origin of brain PAM. Additionally, we explored brain and liver fatty acid concentration, total brain metabolomic profile, and behaviour. BALB/c dams were equilibrated onto either a low PAM diet (LP; <2%) or high PAM diet (HP; >95%) prior to producing one generation of offspring. Offspring stayed on the respective diet of the dam until 15-weeks of age, at which time the Open Field test was conducted in the offspring, prior to euthanasia and tissue lipid extraction. Although liver PAM was lower in offspring fed the LP diet, as well as female offspring, brain PAM was not affected by diet or sex. Across offspring of either sex on both diets, brain 13 C-PAM revealed compared to dietary uptake, DNL from dietary sugars contributed 68.8%-79.5% and 46.6%-58.0% to the total brain PAM pool by both peripheral and local brain DNL, and local brain DNL alone, respectively. DNL was augmented in offspring fed the LP diet, and the ability to upregulate DNL in the liver or the brain depended on sex. Anxiety-like behaviours were decreased in offspring fed the LP diet and were correlated with markers of LP diet consumption including increased liver 13 C-PAM, warranting further investigation. Altogether, our results indicate that DNL from dietary sugars is a compensatory mechanism to maintain brain PAM in response to a LP diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Cisbani
- University of Toronto, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Toronto
| | - Adam H Metherel
- University of Toronto, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Toronto
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zimmerman B, Kundu P, Rooney WD, Raber J. The Effect of High Fat Diet on Cerebrovascular Health and Pathology: A Species Comparative Review. Molecules 2021; 26:3406. [PMID: 34199898 PMCID: PMC8200075 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In both humans and animal models, consumption of a high-saturated-fat diet has been linked to vascular dysfunction and cognitive impairments. Laboratory animals provide excellent models for more invasive high-fat-diet-related research. However, the physiological differences between humans and common animal models in terms of how they react metabolically to high-fat diets need to be considered. Here, we review the factors that may affect the translatability of mechanistic research in animal models, paying special attention to the effects of a high-fat diet on vascular outcomes. We draw attention to the dissociation between metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia in rodents, unlike the state in humans, where the two commonly occur. We also discuss the differential vulnerability between species to the metabolic and vascular effects of macronutrients in the diet. Findings from animal studies are better interpreted as modeling specific aspects of dysfunction. We conclude that the differences between species provide an opportunity to explore why some species are protected from the detrimental aspects of high-fat-diet-induced dysfunction, and to translate these findings into benefits for human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Zimmerman
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (B.Z.); (P.K.); (W.D.R.)
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Payel Kundu
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (B.Z.); (P.K.); (W.D.R.)
| | - William D. Rooney
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (B.Z.); (P.K.); (W.D.R.)
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (B.Z.); (P.K.); (W.D.R.)
- Departments of Neurology and Radiation Medicine, Division of Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Deal AL, Park J, Weiner JL, Budygin EA. Stress Alters the Effect of Alcohol on Catecholamine Dynamics in the Basolateral Amygdala. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:640651. [PMID: 33935662 PMCID: PMC8081825 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.640651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current rodent study applied in vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), paired with a pharmacological approach, to measure the release of the catecholamines (CA) dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) following locus coeruleus (LC) stimulation. The primary goal was to determine if exposure to either social (social defeat) or non-social (forced swim) stress altered LC-evoked catecholamine release dynamics in the BLA. We used idazoxan (α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist) and raclopride (D2 dopamine receptor antagonist) to confirm the presence of NE and DA, respectively, in the measured CA signal. In non-stressed rats, injection of idazoxan, but not raclopride, resulted in a significant increase in the detected CA signal, indicating the presence of NE but not DA. Following exposure to either stress paradigm, the measured CA release was significantly greater after injection of either drug, suggesting the presence of both NE and DA in the LC-induced CA signal after social or non-social stress. Furthermore, acute administration of alcohol significantly decreased the CA signal in stressed rats, while it did not have an effect in naïve animals. Together, these data reveal that, while LC stimulation primarily elicits NE release in the BLA of control animals, both social and non-social stress unmask a novel dopaminergic component of LC catecholamine signaling. Future studies will be needed to identify the specific neural mechanism(s) responsible for these plastic changes in LC-BLA catecholamine signaling and to assess the possible contribution of these changes to the maladaptive behavioral phenotypes that develop following exposure to these stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex L Deal
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Jinwoo Park
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jeff L Weiner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Evgeny A Budygin
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|