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Zhou X, Zhao L, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Chen G, Miao J, Li X. Identification of shared gene signatures and pathways for diagnosing osteoporosis with sarcopenia through integrated bioinformatics analysis and machine learning. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:435. [PMID: 38831425 PMCID: PMC11149362 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07555-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies have suggested a potential relationship between osteoporosis and sarcopenia, both of which can present symptoms of compromised mobility. Additionally, fractures among the elderly are often considered a common outcome of both conditions. There is a strong correlation between fractures in the elderly population, decreased muscle mass, weakened muscle strength, heightened risk of falls, and diminished bone density. This study aimed to pinpoint crucial diagnostic candidate genes for osteoporosis patients with concomitant sarcopenia. METHODS Two osteoporosis datasets and one sarcopenia dataset were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differential expression genes (DEGs) and module genes were identified using Limma and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), followed by functional enrichment analysis, construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and application of a machine learning algorithm (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression) to determine candidate hub genes for diagnosing osteoporosis combined with sarcopenia. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and column line plots were generated. RESULTS The merged osteoporosis dataset comprised 2067 DEGs, with 424 module genes filtered in sarcopenia. The intersection of DEGs between osteoporosis and sarcopenia module genes consisted of 60 genes, primarily enriched in viral infection. Through construction of the PPI network, 30 node genes were filtered, and after machine learning, 7 candidate hub genes were selected for column line plot construction and diagnostic value assessment. Both the column line plots and all 7 candidate hub genes exhibited high diagnostic value (area under the curve ranging from 1.00 to 0.93). CONCLUSION We identified 7 candidate hub genes (PDP1, ALS2CL, VLDLR, PLEKHA6, PPP1CB, MOSPD2, METTL9) and constructed column line plots for osteoporosis combined with sarcopenia. This study provides reference for potential peripheral blood diagnostic candidate genes for sarcopenia in osteoporosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300211, China
- Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- The Third Central, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Nankai University Affinity the Third Central Hospital, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Zepei Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Guangdong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei, 061001, China
| | - Jun Miao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
- Department of Joint Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
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Liu D, Wang S, Liu S, Wang Q, Che X, Wu G. Frontiers in sarcopenia: Advancements in diagnostics, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 97:101270. [PMID: 38583268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The onset of sarcopenia is intimately linked with aging, posing significant implications not only for individual patient quality of life but also for the broader societal healthcare framework. Early and accurate identification of sarcopenia and a comprehensive understanding of its mechanistic underpinnings and therapeutic targets paramount to addressing this condition effectively. This review endeavors to present a cohesive overview of recent advancements in sarcopenia research and diagnosis. We initially delve into the contemporary diagnostic criteria, specifically referencing the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) 2 and Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 benchmarks. Additionally, we elucidate comprehensive assessment techniques for muscle strength, quantity, and physical performance, highlighting tools such as grip strength, chair stand test, dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), gait speed, and short physical performance battery (SPPB), while also discussing their inherent advantages and limitations. Such diagnostic advancements pave the way for early identification and unequivocal diagnosis of sarcopenia. Proceeding further, we provide a deep-dive into sarcopenia's pathogenesis, offering a thorough examination of associated signaling pathways like the Myostatin, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), insulin/IGF-1 Signaling (IIS), and the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways. Each pathway's role in sarcopenia mediation is detailed, underscoring potential therapeutic target avenues. From a mechanistic perspective, the review also underscores the pivotal role of mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenia, emphasizing elements such as mitochondrial oxidative overload, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitophagy, and highlighting their therapeutic significance. At last, we capture recent strides made in sarcopenia treatment, ranging from nutritional and exercise interventions to potential pharmacological and supplementation strategies. In sum, this review meticulously synthesizes the latest scientific developments in sarcopenia, aiming to enhance diagnostic precision in clinical practice and provide comprehensive insights into refined mechanistic targets and innovative therapeutic interventions, ultimately contributing to optimized patient care and advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dequan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Shijin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiangyu Che
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
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Morin-Grandmont A, Walsh-Wilkinson E, Thibodeau SÈ, Boudreau DK, Arsenault M, Bossé Y, Couet J. A murine model of hypertensive heart disease in older women. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17434. [PMID: 38799057 PMCID: PMC11128216 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
We propose a new mouse (C57Bl6/J) model combining several features of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction encountered in older women, including hypertension from Angiotensin II infusion (AngII), menopause, and advanced age. To mimic menopause, we delayed ovariectomy (Ovx) at 12 months of age. We also studied the effects of AngII infusion for 28 days in younger animals and the impact of losing gonadal steroids earlier in life. We observed that AngII effects on heart morphology were different in younger and adult mice (3- and 12-month-old; 20 and 19% increase in heart weight. P < 0.01 for both) than in older animals (24-month-old; 6%; not significant). Ovariectomy at 12 months restored the hypertrophic response to AngII in elderly females (23%, p = 0.0001). We performed a bulk RNA sequencing study of the left ventricle (LV) and left atrial gene expression in elderly animals, controls, and Ovx. AngII modulated (|Log2 fold change| ≥ 1) the LV expression of 170 genes in control females and 179 in Ovx ones, 64 being shared. In the left atrium, AngII modulated 235 genes in control females and 453 in Ovx, 140 shared. We observed many upregulated genes associated with the extracellular matrix regulation in both heart chambers. Many of these upregulated genes were shared between the ventricle and the atrium as well as in control and Ovx animals, namely for the most expressed Ankrd1, Nppb, Col3a1, Col1a1, Ctgf Col8a1, and Cilp. Several circadian clock LV genes were modulated differently by AngII between control and Ovx females (Clock, Arntl, Per2, Cry2, and Ciart). In conclusion, sex hormones, even in elderly female mice, modulate the heart's hypertrophic response to AngII. Our study identifies potential new markers of hypertensive disease in aging female mice and possible disturbances of their cardiac circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Morin-Grandmont
- Université Laval, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Elisabeth Walsh-Wilkinson
- Université Laval, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sara-Ève Thibodeau
- Université Laval, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Dominique K. Boudreau
- Université Laval, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Arsenault
- Université Laval, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Université Laval, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques Couet
- Université Laval, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
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Morin-Grandmont A, Walsh-Wilkinson É, Labbé EA, Thibodeau SÈ, Dupont É, Boudreau DK, Arsenault M, Bossé Y, Couet J. Biological sex, sex steroids and sex chromosomes contribute to mouse cardiac aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7553-7577. [PMID: 38742935 PMCID: PMC11131996 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
After menopause, the incidence of cardiovascular disease rapidly rises in women. The disappearing protection provided by sex steroids is a consequence of the development of many risk factors. Preclinical studies are necessary to understand better the effects of ovarian hormones loss cardiac aging. To mimic menopause in mice and study its consequences, we delayed ovariectomy at 12 months and followed animals for 12 months. Using RNA sequencing, we investigated changes in the myocardial exome with aging. In addition, with four-core genotypes (FCG) transgenic mice, we studied sex chromosome effects on cardiac aging. Heart weight increased from 3 to 24 months (males + 35%, females + 29%). In males, 75% of this increase had occurred at 12 months; in females, only 30%. Gonadectomy of mice at 12 months blocked cardiac hypertrophy in both sexes during the second year of life. The dosage of the X chromosomes did not influence cardiac growth in young and older mice. We performed an RNA sequencing study in young and old mice. We identified new highly expressed genes modulated during aging (Bdh, Myot, Cpxm2, and Slc38a1). The myocardial exome in older animals displayed few differences related to the animal's sex or the presence or absence of sex steroids for a year. We show that the morphological evolution of the heart depends on the biological sex via gonadal sex hormone actions. The myocardial exome of old male and female mice is relatively similar. Our study emphasizes the need to consider sex steroid effects in studying cardiac aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Morin-Grandmont
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Élisabeth Walsh-Wilkinson
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Emylie-Ann Labbé
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Sara-Ève Thibodeau
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Élizabeth Dupont
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Dominique K. Boudreau
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie Arsenault
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jacques Couet
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Valvulopathies, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Ren H. Molecular insights into sarcopenia: ferroptosis-related genes as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38229237 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2298390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, leads to cell death. Growing evidence suggests the involvement of ferroptosis in sarcopenia. However, the fundamental ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) for sarcopenia diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy remain elusive. This study aimed to identify molecular biomarkers of ferroptosis in sarcopenia patients. Gene expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and sarcopenia samples were identified using the 'limma' package in R software. FRGs were extracted from GeneCards and FerrDB databases. Functional enrichment analysis determined the roles of DEGs using the 'clusterProfiler' package. A protein-protein network was constructed using Cytoscape software. Immune infiltration analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed. mRNA-miRNA, mRNA-TF, and mRNA-drug interactions were predicted using ENCORI, hTFtarget, and CHIPBase databases. The network was visualized using Cytoscape. We identified 46 FRGs in sarcopenia. Functional enrichment analysis revealed their involvement in critical biological processes, including responses to steroid hormones and glucocorticoids. KEGG enrichment analysis implicated pathways such as carbon metabolism, ferroptosis, and glyoxylate in sarcopenia. Totally, 11 hub genes were identified, and ROC analysis demonstrated their potential as sensitive and specific markers for sarcopenia in both datasets. Additionally, differences in immune cell infiltration were observed between normal and sarcopenia samples. The hub genes identified in this study are closely associated with ferroptosis in sarcopenia and can effectively differentiate sarcopenia from controls. CDKN1A, CS, DLD, FOXO1, HSPB1, LDHA, MDH2, and YWHAZ show high sensitivity and specificity for sarcopenia diagnosis.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhong Chen
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaonan Zhang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Department of orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sihan Zhang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Ren
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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Chen Y, Zhang Z, Hu X, Zhang Y. Epigenetic characterization of sarcopenia-associated genes based on machine learning and network screening. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:54. [PMID: 38229116 PMCID: PMC10790491 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
To screen characteristic genes related to sarcopenia by bioinformatics and machine learning, and to verify the accuracy of characteristic genes in the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Download myopia-related data sets from geo public database, find the differential genes through R language limma package after merging, STRING database to build protein interaction network, and do Go analysis and GSEA analysis to understand the functions and molecular signal pathways that may be affected by the differential genes. Further screen the characteristic genes through LASSO and SVM-RFE machine algorithms, make the ROC curve of the characteristic genes, and obtain the AUC value. 10 differential genes were obtained from the data set, including 7 upregulated genes and 3 downregulated genes. Eight characteristic genes were screened by a machine learning algorithm, and the AUC value of characteristic genes exceeded 0.7. In patients with sarcopenia, the expression of TPPP3, C1QA, LGR5, MYH8, and CDKN1A genes are upregulated, and the expression of SLC38A1, SERPINA5, and HOXB2 genes are downregulated. The above genes have high accuracy in the diagnosis of sarcopenia. The research results provide new ideas for the diagnosis and mechanism research of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Renal Diseases Occurrence and Intervention of Hubei Province, Medical College, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Shenzhen Qihuang Guoyi Hanfang Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen, 518046, China
| | - Xiaolan Hu
- Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435099, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Pingshan District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 19 Renmin Street, Pingshan Street, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong, China.
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Coen PM, Huo Z, Tranah GJ, Barnes HN, Cawthon PM, Hepple RT, Toledo FGS, Evans DS, Fernández OS, Cuervo AM, Kritchevsky SB, Newman AB, Cummings SR, Esser KA. Autophagy gene expression in skeletal muscle of older individuals is associated with physical performance, muscle volume and mitochondrial function in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.04.23297979. [PMID: 37961308 PMCID: PMC10635272 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.04.23297979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential component of proteostasis and a key pathway in aging. Identifying associations between autophagy gene expression patterns in skeletal muscle and physical performance outcomes would further our knowledge of mechanisms related with proteostasis and healthy aging. Muscle biopsies were obtained from participants in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). For 575 participants, RNA was sequenced and expression of 281 genes related to autophagy regulation, mitophagy and mTOR/upstream pathways were determined. Associations between gene expression and outcomes including mitochondrial respiration in muscle fiber bundles (MAX OXPHOS), physical performance (VO2 peak, 400m walking speed, and leg power), and thigh muscle volume were determined using negative binomial regression models. For autophagy, key transcriptional regulators including TFE3 and NFKB-related genes (RELA, RELB, NFKB1) were negatively associated with outcomes. On the contrary, regulators of oxidative metabolism that also promote overall autophagy, mitophagy and pexophagy (PPARGC1A, PPARA, EPAS1) were positively associated with multiple outcomes. In line with this, several mitophagy, fusion and fission related genes (NIPSNAP2, DNM1L, OPA1) were also positively associated with outcomes. For mTOR pathway and related genes, expression of WDR59 and WDR24, both subunits of GATOR2 complex (an indirect inhibitor of mTORC1) and PRKAG3, which is a regulatory subunit of AMPK, were negatively correlated with multiple outcomes. Our study identifies autophagy and selective autophagy such as mitophagy gene expression patterns in human skeletal muscle related to physical performance, muscle volume and mitochondrial function in older persons which may lead to target identification to preserve mobility and independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Coen
- Translational Research Institute, Advent Health, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health & Health Professions, College of Medicine University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Gregory J Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Haley N Barnes
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Frederico G S Toledo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Olaya Santiago Fernández
- Department of Developmental & Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental & Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Ageing, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Xie K, He D, Zhao T, Liu T, Tang M. Gastric Cancer with Sarcopenia: an Area Worth Focusing On. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2023; 24:1305-1327. [PMID: 37464229 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-023-01122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide, which seriously endangers human health. A number of studies have shown that sarcopenia occurs more frequently in patients with gastric cancer than in the general population and can significantly affect the disease status and survival of patients, which is of great significance in predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer. Patients with gastric cancer may suffer sarcopenia no matter before or after surgery, and the pathogenesis is complex. Abnormal nutrient metabolism and reduced exercise are the leading causes. In addition, surgical treatment and chemotherapy for gastric cancer might participate in the physiological and pathological mechanism of sarcopenia. Generally speaking, exercise and nutritional therapy are the main prevention and treatment methods for sarcopenia. But more prospective evidence is needed to establish reasonable interventions, and other drug treatments are in their infancy. For the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia, the cut-off values of the skeletal muscle mass index obtained from CT images vary widely and need to be standardized and unified. We also need to explore simple predictors to facilitate sarcopenia risk assessment. More research is needed to formulate more appropriate treatments for gastric cancer patients with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- The Hunan Institute of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Danling He
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tingyu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- The Hunan Institute of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- The Hunan Institute of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Mimi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- The Hunan Institute of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Xu R, Ma LL, Cui S, Chen L, Xu H. Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Approach to Identify the Pathogenetic Link between Heart Failure and Sarcopenia. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120:e20220874. [PMID: 37909603 PMCID: PMC10586817 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20220874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite increasing evidence that patients with heart failure (HF) are susceptible to sarcopenia, the reason for the association is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to explore further the molecular mechanism of the occurrence of this complication. Gene expression datasets for HF (GSE57345) and Sarcopenia (GSE1428) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using 'edgeR' and "limma" packages of R, and their functions were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed and visualized using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and Cytoscape. Hub genes were selected using the plugin cytoHubba and validation with GSE76701 for HF and GSE136344 for Sarcopenia. The related pathways and molecular mechanisms of the hub genes were performed by Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The statistical analyses were performed using R software. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 114 common DEGs were found. Pathways related to growth factor, Insulin secretion and cGMP-PKG were enriched in both HF and Sarcopenia. CYP27A1, KCNJ8, PIK3R5, TIMP2, CXCL12, KIT, and VCAM1 were found to be significant hub genes after validation, with GSEA emphasizing the importance of the hub genes in the regulation of the inflammatory response. Our study reveals that HF and Sarcopenia share common pathways and pathogenic mechanisms. These findings may suggest new directions for future research into the underlying pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Gerontology centerPeople’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqiChinaGerontology center, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi – China
| | - Ling-ling Ma
- Gerontology centerPeople’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqiChinaGerontology center, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi – China
| | - Shuai Cui
- Gerontology centerPeople’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqiChinaGerontology center, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi – China
| | - Ling Chen
- Gerontology centerPeople’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqiChinaGerontology center, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi – China
| | - Hong Xu
- Gerontology centerPeople’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqiChinaGerontology center, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi – China
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Yang J, Jiang T, Xu G, Wang S, Liu W. Exploring molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological association between knee osteoarthritis and sarcopenia. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2023; 9:99-111. [PMID: 37941536 PMCID: PMC10627980 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Accumulating evidence indicates a strong link between knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and sarcopenia. However, the mechanisms involved have not yet been elucidated. This study primarily aims to explore the molecular mechanisms that explain the connection between these 2 disorders. Methods The gene expression profiles for KOA and sarcopenia were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, specifically from GSE55235, GSE169077, and GSE1408. Various bioinformatics techniques were employed to identify and analyze common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across the 3 datasets. The techniques involved the analysis of Gene Ontology and pathways to enhance understanding, examining protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and identifying hub genes. In addition, we constructed the network of interactions between transcription factors (TFs) and genes, the co-regulatory network of TFs and miRNAs for hub genes, and predicted potential drugs. Results In total, 14 common DEGs were found between KOA and sarcopenia. Detailed information on biological processes and signaling pathways of common DEGs was obtained through enrichment analysis. After performing PPI network analysis, we discovered 4 hub genes (FOXO3, BCL6, CDKN1A, and CEBPB). Subsequently, we developed coregulatory networks for these hub genes involving TF-gene and TF-miRNA interactions. Finally, we identified 10 potential chemical compounds. Conclusions By conducting bioinformatics analysis, our study has successfully identified common gene interaction networks between KOA and sarcopenia. The potential of these findings to offer revolutionary understanding into the common development of these 2 conditions could lead to the identification of valuable targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyong Yang
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wengang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Morena da Silva F, Esser KA, Murach KA, Greene NP. Inflammation o'clock: interactions of circadian rhythms with inflammation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. J Physiol 2023:10.1113/JP284808. [PMID: 37563881 PMCID: PMC10858298 DOI: 10.1113/jp284808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are ∼24 h cycles evident in behaviour, physiology and metabolism. The molecular mechanism directing circadian rhythms is the circadian clock, which is composed of an interactive network of transcription-translation feedback loops. The core clock genes include Bmal1, Clock, Rev-erbα/β, Per and Cry. In addition to keeping time, the core clock regulates a daily programme of gene expression that is important for overall cell homeostasis. The circadian clock mechanism is present in all cells, including skeletal muscle fibres, and disruption of the muscle clock is associated with changes in muscle phenotype and function. Skeletal muscle atrophy is largely associated with a lower quality of life, frailty and reduced lifespan. Physiological and genetic modification of the core clock mechanism yields immune dysfunction, alters inflammatory factor expression and secretion and is associated with skeletal muscle atrophy in multiple conditions, such as ageing and cancer cachexia. Here, we summarize the possible interplay between the circadian clock modulation of immune cells, systemic inflammatory status and skeletal muscle atrophy in chronic inflammatory conditions. Although there is a clear disruption of circadian clocks in various models of atrophy, the mechanism behind such alterations remains unknown. Understanding the modulatory potential of muscle and immune circadian clocks in inflammation and skeletal muscle health is essential for the development of therapeutic strategies to protect skeletal muscle mass and function of patients with chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francielly Morena da Silva
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Ageing, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Molecular Muscle Mass Regulation Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Nicholas P Greene
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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12
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Fahrner A, Luca E, Krützfeldt J. microRNA-501 controls myogenin +/CD74 + myogenic progenitor cells during muscle regeneration. Mol Metab 2023; 71:101704. [PMID: 36907509 PMCID: PMC10033748 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Skeletal muscle regeneration is markedly impaired during aging. How adult muscle stem cells contribute to this decrease in regenerative capacity is incompletely understood. We investigated mechanisms of age-related changes in myogenic progenitor cells using the tissue-specific microRNA 501. METHODS Young and old C57Bl/6 mice were used (3 months or 24 months of age, respectively) with or without global or tissue-specific genetic deletion of miR-501. Muscle regeneration was induced using intramuscular cardiotoxin injection or treadmill exercise and analysed using single cell and bulk RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Muscle fiber damage was assessed with Evan`s blue dye (EBD). In vitro analysis was performed in primary muscle cells obtained from mice and humans. RESULTS Single cell sequencing revealed myogenic progenitor cells in miR-501 knockout mice at day 6 after muscle injury that are characterized by high levels of myogenin and CD74. In control mice these cells were less in number and already downregulated after day 3 of muscle injury. Muscle from knockout mice had reduced myofiber size and reduced myofiber resilience to injury and exercise. miR-501 elicits this effect by regulating sarcomeric gene expression through its target gene estrogen-related receptor gamma (Esrrg). Importantly, in aged skeletal muscle where miR-501 was significantly downregulated and its target Esrrg significantly upregulated, the number of myog+/CD74+ cells during regeneration was upregulated to similar levels as observed in 501 knockout mice. Moreover, myog+/CD74+-aged skeletal muscle exhibited a similar decrease in the size of newly formed myofibers and increased number of necrotic myofibers after injury as observed in mice lacking miR-501. CONCLUSIONS miR-501 and Esrrg are regulated in muscle with decreased regenerative capacity and loss of miR-501 is permissive to the appearance of CD74+ myogenic progenitors. Our data uncover a novel link between the metabolic transcription factor Esrrg and sarcomere formation and demonstrate that stem cell heterogeneity in skeletal muscle during aging is under miRNA control. Targeting Esrrg or myog+/CD74+ progenitor cells might improve fiber size and myofiber resilience to exercise in aged skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Fahrner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland; Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Biomedicine, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edlira Luca
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Krützfeldt
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland; Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Biomedicine, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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13
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Song Z, Pan T, Tong X, Yang Y, Zhang Z. The effects of nutritional supplementation on older sarcopenic individuals who engage in resistance training: a meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1109789. [PMID: 37181154 PMCID: PMC10167299 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1109789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Sarcopenia is a typical age-related disorder characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Resistance training has a noticeable effect on sarcopenia, but there is no consensus on whether nutritional supplements can boost this effect. We conducted a meta-analysis of relevant literature to investigate the therapeutic effect of resistance training combined with nutrition intervention on sarcopenia compared with resistance training alone. Methods Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Sinomed, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Data were searched for relevant studies on resistance training combined with nutritional intervention for aging adults with sarcopenia. The retrieval period ranged from the inception of the databases to May 24, 2022. Literature screening and information extraction were performed by two researchers. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was adopted for literature quality evaluation and Stata 15.0 software for analysis. Results Twelve clinical trials were included, involving 713 older adults diagnosed with sarcopenia, of whom 361 were assigned to the experimental group and 352 to the control group. Compared with the control group, grip strength of the experimental group was substantially elevated [WMD = 1.87, 95% CI (0.01, 3.74), P = 0.049]. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that vitamin D and protein increased grip strength and gait speed. There were no significant improvement in grip strength and gait speed in the protein and vitamin D free subgroup. Conclusions This meta-analysis demonstrated that resistance training combined with additional nutritional supplementation, especially compound nutritional supplements that included protein and vitamin D, might further enhance grip strength rather than muscle mass in older adults with sarcopenia. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022346734.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu Tong
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
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Vitamin D as a Shield against Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054546. [PMID: 36901976 PMCID: PMC10002864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging can be seen as a physiological progression of biomolecular damage and the accumulation of defective cellular components, which trigger and amplify the process, toward whole-body function weakening. Senescence initiates at the cellular level and consists in an inability to maintain homeostasis, characterized by the overexpression/aberrant expression of inflammatory/immune/stress responses. Aging is associated with significant modifications in immune system cells, toward a decline in immunosurveillance, which, in turn, leads to chronic elevation of inflammation/oxidative stress, increasing the risk of (co)morbidities. Albeit aging is a natural and unavoidable process, it can be regulated by some factors, like lifestyle and diet. Nutrition, indeed, tackles the mechanisms underlying molecular/cellular aging. Many micronutrients, i.e., vitamins and elements, can impact cell function. This review focuses on the role exerted by vitamin D in geroprotection, based on its ability to shape cellular/intracellular processes and drive the immune response toward immune protection against infections and age-related diseases. To this aim, the main biomolecular paths underlying immunosenescence and inflammaging are identified as biotargets of vitamin D. Topics such as heart and skeletal muscle cell function/dysfunction, depending on vitamin D status, are addressed, with comments on hypovitaminosis D correction by food and supplementation. Albeit research has progressed, still limitations exist in translating knowledge into clinical practice, making it necessary to focus attention on the role of vitamin D in aging, especially considering the growing number of older individuals.
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15
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The Role of SOX Transcription Factors in Ageing and Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010851. [PMID: 36614288 PMCID: PMC9821406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest for eternal youth and immortality is as old as humankind. Ageing is an inevitable physiological process accompanied by many functional declines that are driving factors for age-related diseases. Stem cell exhaustion is one of the major hallmarks of ageing. The SOX transcription factors play well-known roles in self-renewal and differentiation of both embryonic and adult stem cells. As a consequence of ageing, the repertoire of adult stem cells present in various organs steadily declines, and their dysfunction/death could lead to reduced regenerative potential and development of age-related diseases. Thus, restoring the function of aged stem cells, inducing their regenerative potential, and slowing down the ageing process are critical for improving the health span and, consequently, the lifespan of humans. Reprograming factors, including SOX family members, emerge as crucial players in rejuvenation. This review focuses on the roles of SOX transcription factors in stem cell exhaustion and age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, visual deterioration, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, and age-related cancers. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of ageing and the roles of SOX transcription factors in this process could open new avenues for developing novel strategies that will delay ageing and prevent age-related diseases.
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16
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Shi X, Tang L, Ni H, Li M, Wu Y, Xu Y. Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Molecular Classification of Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Osteomyelitis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1805-1823. [PMID: 37131411 PMCID: PMC10149083 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s406562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Staphylococcus aureus (SA)-induced osteomyelitis (OM) is one of the most common refractory diseases in orthopedics. Early diagnosis is beneficial to improve the prognosis of patients. Ferroptosis plays a key role in inflammation and immune response, while the mechanism of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in SA-induced OM is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of ferroptosis-related genes in the diagnosis, molecular classification and immune infiltration of SA-induced OM by bioinformatics. Methods Datasets related to SA-induced OM and ferroptosis were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and ferroptosis databases, respectively. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms were combined to screen out differentially expressed-FRGs (DE-FRGs) with diagnostic characteristics, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were used to explore specific biological functions and pathways. Based on these key DE-FRGs, a diagnostic model was established, and molecular subtypes were divided to explore the changes in the immune microenvironment between molecular subtypes. Results A total of 41 DE-FRGs were identified. After screening and intersecting with LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms, 8 key DE-FRGs with diagnostic characteristics were obtained, which may regulate the pathogenesis of OM through the immune response and amino acid metabolism. The ROC curve indicated that the 8 DE-FRGs had excellent diagnostic ability for SA-induced OM (AUC=0.993). Two different molecular subtypes (subtype 1 and subtype 2) were identified by unsupervised cluster analysis. The CIBERSORT analysis revealed that the subtype 1 OM had higher immune cell infiltration rates, mainly in T cells CD4 memory resting, macrophages M0, macrophages M2, dendritic cells resting, and dendritic cells activated. Conclusion We developed a diagnostic model related to ferroptosis and molecular subtypes significantly related to immune infiltration, which may provide a novel insight for exploring the pathogenesis and immunotherapy of SA-induced OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwen Shi
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Yunnan Traumatology and Orthopedics Clinical Medical Center, Yunnan Orthopedics and Sports Rehabilitation Clinical Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linmeng Tang
- Bone and Joint Imaging Center, Department of Medical Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haonan Ni
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjun Li
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yipeng Wu
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Yunnan Traumatology and Orthopedics Clinical Medical Center, Yunnan Orthopedics and Sports Rehabilitation Clinical Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Xu
- Laboratory of Yunnan Traumatology and Orthopedics Clinical Medical Center, Yunnan Orthopedics and Sports Rehabilitation Clinical Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yongqing Xu; Yipeng Wu, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, 212 Daguan Road, Xi Shan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650100, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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17
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Perez K, Ciotlos S, McGirr J, Limbad C, Doi R, Nederveen JP, Nilsson MI, Winer DA, Evans W, Tarnopolsky M, Campisi J, Melov S. Single nuclei profiling identifies cell specific markers of skeletal muscle aging, frailty, and senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9393-9422. [PMID: 36516485 PMCID: PMC9792217 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a loss of muscle mass and function, termed sarcopenia, which causes numerous morbidities and economic burdens in human populations. Mechanisms implicated in age-related sarcopenia or frailty include inflammation, muscle stem cell depletion, mitochondrial dysfunction, and loss of motor neurons, but whether there are key drivers of sarcopenia are not yet known. To gain deeper insights into age-related muscle loss, we performed transcriptome profiling on lower limb muscle biopsies from 72 young, elderly, and frail human subjects using bulk RNA-seq (N = 72) and single-nuclei RNA-seq (N = 17). This combined approach revealed changes in gene expression that occur with age and frailty in multiple cell types comprising mature skeletal muscle. Notably, we found increased expression of the genes MYH8 and PDK4, and decreased expression of the gene IGFN1, in aged muscle. We validated several key genes changes in fixed human muscle tissue using digital spatial profiling. We also identified a small population of nuclei that express CDKN1A, present only in aged samples, consistent with p21cip1-driven senescence in this subpopulation. Overall, our findings identify unique cellular subpopulations in aged and sarcopenic skeletal muscle, which will facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies to combat age-related frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Perez
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94952, USA
| | - Serban Ciotlos
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94952, USA
| | - Julia McGirr
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94952, USA
| | | | - Ryosuke Doi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94952, USA
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | | | - William Evans
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94952, USA
| | - Simon Melov
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94952, USA
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Peng Z, Zhang R, Kuang X, Yu C, Niu S, Du Y, Lu D, Li S, Teng Z, Lu S. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals interferon-induced guanylate-binding proteins are linked with sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:2985-2998. [PMID: 36162807 PMCID: PMC9745549 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is defined as an age-related progressive loss of muscle mass and/or strength. Although different factors can contribute to this disease, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We assessed transcriptional heterogeneity in skeletal muscles from sarcopenic and control mice at single-cell resolution. METHODS A mouse model was established to study sarcopenic skeletal muscles. Single-cell RNA-seq was performed on tibialis anterior (TA) muscle cells collected from sarcopenic and control mice. A series of bioinformatic analyses were carried out to identify and compare different cell types under different conditions. Immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were used to validate the findings from single-cell experiments. Tube formation assays were conducted to further evaluate the effects of Gbp2 on endothelial cells during angiogenesis. RESULTS A murine sarcopenia model was successfully established using a senescence-accelerated mouse strain (SAMP6, n = 5). Sarcopenia phenotype was induced by administration of dexamethasone (20 mg/kg) and reduced physical activity. Senescence-resistant mice strain (SAMR1) and SAMP6 strain with similar activity but injected with PBS were recruited as two control groups. As signs of sarcopenia, body weight, muscle cell counts and cross-sectional fibre area were all significantly decreased in sarcopenic mice (P value = 0.004, 0.03 and 0.035, respectively). After quality control, 13 612 TA muscle single-cell transcriptomes were retained for analysis. Fourteen cell clusters were identified from the profiled cells. Among them, two distinct endothelial subtypes were found to be dominant in the sarcopenia group (42.2% cells) and in the two control groups (59.1% and 47.9% cells), respectively. 191 differentially expressed genes were detected between the two endothelial subtypes. Sarcopenia-specific endothelial cell subtype exhibited a dramatic increase in the interferon family genes and the interferon-inducible guanylate-binding protein (GBP) family gene expressions. For example, Igtp and Gbp2 in sarcopenic endothelial cells were 5.4 and 13.3 times higher than those in the control groups, respectively. We further validated our findings in muscle specimens of sarcopenia patients and observed that GBP2 levels were increased in endothelial cells of a subset of patients (11 of 40 patients, 27.5%), and we identified significantly higher CD31 and GBP2 co-localization (P value = 0.001128). Finally, we overexpressed Gbp2 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. The endothelial cells with elevated Gbp2 expression displayed compromised tube formation. CONCLUSIONS Our single-cell-based results suggested that endothelial cells may play critical roles in sarcopenia development through interferon-GBP signalling pathways, highlighting new therapeutic directions to slow down or even reverse age-related sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Peng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, the Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- InnoVec Biotherapeutics Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Kuang
- the First Department of Hepatic Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shiwei Niu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongjun Du
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, the Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Di Lu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shaobo Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University (School of Clinical Medicine), Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhaowei Teng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, the Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Sheng Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, the Key Laboratory of Digital Orthopaedics of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Sanchez MM, Bagdasarian IA, Darch W, Morgan JT. Organotypic cultures as aging associated disease models. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9338-9383. [PMID: 36435511 PMCID: PMC9740367 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aging remains a primary risk factor for a host of diseases, including leading causes of death. Aging and associated diseases are inherently multifactorial, with numerous contributing factors and phenotypes at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organismal scales. Despite the complexity of aging phenomena, models currently used in aging research possess limitations. Frequently used in vivo models often have important physiological differences, age at different rates, or are genetically engineered to match late disease phenotypes rather than early causes. Conversely, routinely used in vitro models lack the complex tissue-scale and systemic cues that are disrupted in aging. To fill in gaps between in vivo and traditional in vitro models, researchers have increasingly been turning to organotypic models, which provide increased physiological relevance with the accessibility and control of in vitro context. While powerful tools, the development of these models is a field of its own, and many aging researchers may be unaware of recent progress in organotypic models, or hesitant to include these models in their own work. In this review, we describe recent progress in tissue engineering applied to organotypic models, highlighting examples explicitly linked to aging and associated disease, as well as examples of models that are relevant to aging. We specifically highlight progress made in skin, gut, and skeletal muscle, and describe how recently demonstrated models have been used for aging studies or similar phenotypes. Throughout, this review emphasizes the accessibility of these models and aims to provide a resource for researchers seeking to leverage these powerful tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina M. Sanchez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | | | - William Darch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Joshua T. Morgan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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20
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Chen X, Wang Y, Liu M, Song X, Wang D, Zhang J. Network pharmacology-based analysis of the effects of puerarin on sarcopenia. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:671. [PMID: 35845507 PMCID: PMC9279789 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-2360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background With the acceleration of population aging, sarcopenia will place a heavy burden on families and society. Thus, effective treatments urgently need to be developed to slow down the development of sarcopenia. This study adopted a network pharmacological approach to explore the possible mechanisms of puerarin in treating sarcopenia. Methods The potential therapeutic targets of puerarin were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database, while the targets of sarcopenia were obtained from the GeneCards, DisGeNET, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and Therapeutic Target Database (TTD) databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was generated by BisoGenet, and core targets were identified by a topological analysis. To determine the potential targeting pathways, the core targets were further imported into the Metascape platform for the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The results were visualized using an online bioinformatics tool. Results We identified 53 targets for puerarin and 129 targets for sarcopenia. A total of 206 core targets, which were considered potential therapeutic targets, were identified from the merged PPI network. Further, the GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the functions of the core targets and related pathways were mainly associated with the cell cycle, apoptosis, protein synthesis, and proteolysis. Conclusions Puerarin has the potential to treat sarcopenia through the regulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and protein homeostasis. Our study has laid a foundation for further studies on drug development and pharmacological experiments in the treatment of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meige Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Song
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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21
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Tian J, Chung HK, Moon JS, Nga HT, Lee HY, Kim JT, Chang JY, Kang SG, Ryu D, Che X, Choi J, Tsukasaki M, Sasako T, Lee S, Shong M, Yi H. Skeletal muscle mitoribosomal defects are linked to low bone mass caused by bone marrow inflammation in male mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1785-1799. [PMID: 35306755 PMCID: PMC9178379 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) is a critical regulator of skeletal muscle mass and function. Although muscle atrophy due to mitochondrial dysfunction is closely associated with bone loss, the biological characteristics of the relationship between muscle and bone remain obscure. We showed that muscle atrophy caused by skeletal muscle-specific CR6-interacting factor 1 knockout (MKO) modulates the bone marrow (BM) inflammatory response, leading to low bone mass. METHODS MKO mice with lower muscle OxPhos were fed a normal chow or high-fat diet and then evaluated for muscle mass and function, and bone mineral density. Immunophenotyping of BM immune cells was also performed. BM transcriptomic analysis was used to identify key factors regulating bone mass in MKO mice. To determine the effects of BM-derived CXCL12 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12) on regulation of bone homeostasis, a variety of BM niche-resident cells were treated with recombinant CXCL12. Vastus lateralis muscle and BM immune cell samples from 14 patients with hip fracture were investigated to examine the association between muscle function and BM inflammation. RESULTS MKO mice exhibited significant reductions in both muscle mass and expression of OxPhos subunits but increased transcription of mitochondrial stress response-related genes in the extensor digitorum longus (P < 0.01). MKO mice showed a decline in grip strength and a higher drop rate in the wire hanging test (P < 0.01). Micro-computed tomography and von Kossa staining revealed that MKO mice developed a low mass phenotype in cortical and trabecular bone (P < 0.01). Transcriptomic analysis of the BM revealed that mitochondrial stress responses in skeletal muscles induce an inflammatory response and adipogenesis in the BM and that the CXCL12-CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor 4) axis is important for T-cell homing to the BM. Antagonism of CXCR4 attenuated BM inflammation and increased bone mass in MKO mice. In humans, patients with low body mass index (BMI = 17.2 ± 0.42 kg/m2 ) harboured a larger population of proinflammatory and cytotoxic senescent T-cells in the BMI (P < 0.05) and showed reduced expression of OxPhos subunits in the vastus lateralis, compared with controls with a normal BMI (23.7 ± 0.88 kg/m2 ) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Defects in muscle mitochondrial OxPhos promote BM inflammation in mice, leading to decreased bone mass. Muscle mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to BM inflammatory cytokine secretion via the CXCL12-CXCR4 signalling axis, which is critical for inducing low bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Tian
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune SystemChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune SystemChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ha Thi Nga
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune SystemChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune SystemChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologySungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea
- Samsung Biomedical Research InstituteSamsung Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Xiangguo Che
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and ImmunologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian UniversityYanjiChina
| | - Je‐Yong Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea
| | - Masayuki Tsukasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Takayoshi Sasako
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Sang‐Hee Lee
- Bio‐Electron Microscopy Research Center (104‐Dong)Korea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuKorea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Hyon‐Seung Yi
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune SystemChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
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22
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Huang S, Xiang C, Song Y. Identification of the shared gene signatures and pathways between sarcopenia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265221. [PMID: 35271662 PMCID: PMC8912249 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcopenia is characterized by the age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that develops progressively and plays an important role in the disability of the elderly. It has received growing attention over the last decade and has been implicated as both a cause and consequence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The existence of T2DM could increase the risk of developing sarcopenia through multiple mechanisms including advanced glycation end-product accumulation. Meanwhile, sarcopenia would alter glucose disposal and may contribute to the development and progression of T2DM due to reduced muscle mass. Methods We implemented transcriptomic analysis of skeletal muscle biopsy specimens in sarcopenia patients and proliferating myoblasts or differentiated myotubes from individuals with T2DM. Related microarray data were selected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to screen the genes, which were differentially expressed for sarcopenia and T2DM. Multiple combinatorial statistical methods and bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the common DEGs. Meanwhile, functional enrichment analysis was also carried out. Furthermore, we constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI), as well as transcription factor (TF)-gene interactions network and TF-miRNA coregulatory network. Finally, based on the common DEGs, drug compounds were speculated using the Drug Signatures database (DSigDB). Results A total of 1765 and 2155 DEGs of sarcopenia and T2DM were screened, respectively. 15 common genes (LXN, CIB2, PEA15, KANK2, FGD1, NMRK1, PLCB1, SEMA4G, ADARB1, UPF3A, CSTB, COL3A1, CD99, ETV3, FJX1) correlated with sarcopenia and T2DM simultaneously were then identified, and 3 genes (UPF3A, CSTB and PEA15) of them were regarded as hub genes. Functional enrichment analysis revealed several shared pathways between two diseases. In addition, according to the TF-gene interactions network and TF-miRNA coregulatory network, part of TF and miRNA may be identified as key regulator in sarcopenia and T2DM at the same time (e.g., CREM and miR-155). Notably, drug compounds for T2DM and sarcopenia were also suggested, such as coenzyme Q10. Conclusion This study revealed that sarcopenia and T2DM may share similar pathogenesis and provided new biological targets and ideas for early diagnosis and effective treatment of sarcopenia and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunhua Xiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Song
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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23
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Melek Manshouri N. Identifying COVID-19 by using spectral analysis of cough recordings: a distinctive classification study. Cogn Neurodyn 2022; 16:239-253. [PMID: 34341676 PMCID: PMC8320312 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-021-09695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sound signals from the respiratory system are largely taken as tokens of human health. Early diagnosis of respiratory tract diseases is of great importance because, if delayed, it exerts irreversible effects on human health. The Coronavirus pandemic, which is deeply shaking the world, has revealed the importance of this diagnosis even more. During the pandemic, it has become the focus of researchers to differentiate symptoms from similar diseases such as influenza. Among these symptoms, the difference in cough sound played a distinctive role in research. Clinical data collected under the supervision of doctors in a reliable environment were used as the dataset consisting of 16 subjects suspected of COVID-19 with a specific patient demographic. Using the polymerase chain reaction test, the suspected subjects were divided into two groups as negative and positive. The negative and positive labels represent the patients with non-COVID and with a COVID-19 cough, respectively. Using the 3D plot or waterfall representation of the signal frequency spectrum, the salient features of the cough data are revealed. In this way, COVID-19 can be differentiated from other coughs by applying effective feature extraction and classification techniques. Power spectral density based on short-time Fourier transform and mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) were chosen as the efficient feature extraction method. From among the classification techniques, the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was applied to the processed signals in order to identify and classify COVID-19 cough. In terms of results evaluation, the cough of subjects with COVID-19 was detected with 95.86% classification accuracy thanks to the radial basis function (RBF) kernel function of SVM and the MFCC method. The diagnosis of COVID-19 coughs was performed with 98.6% and 91.7% sensitivity and specificity, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Melek Manshouri
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Avrasya University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
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24
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Role of MicroRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Sarcopenia. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020187. [PMID: 35053303 PMCID: PMC8773898 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related pathological process characterized by loss of muscle mass and function, which consequently affects the quality of life of the elderly. There is growing evidence that non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play a key role in skeletal muscle physiology. Alterations in the expression levels of miRNAs and lncRNAs contribute to muscle atrophy and sarcopenia by regulating various signaling pathways. This review summarizes the recent findings regarding non-coding RNAs associated with sarcopenia and provides an overview of sarcopenia pathogenesis promoted by multiple non-coding RNA-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, we discuss the impact of exercise on the expression patterns of non-coding RNAs involved in sarcopenia. Identifying non-coding RNAs associated with sarcopenia and understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate skeletal muscle dysfunction during aging will provide new insights to develop potential treatment strategies.
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25
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Dalle S, Dupont J, Dedeyne L, Verschueren S, Tournoy J, Gielen E, Koppo K. Preliminary evidence of differential expression of myogenic and stress factors in skeletal muscle of older adults with low muscle strength. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:1121-1129. [PMID: 34984449 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The age-related loss of muscle strength and mass, or sarcopenia, is a growing concern in the ageing population. Yet, it is not fully understood which molecular mechanisms underlie sarcopenia. Therefore, the present study compared the protein expression profile, such as catabolic, oxidative, stress-related and myogenic pathways, between older adults with preserved (8 ♀ and 5 ♂; 71.5 ±2.6 years) and low muscle strength (6 ♀ and 5 ♂; 78.0±5.0 years). Low muscle strength was defined as chair stand test time >15 seconds and/or handgrip strength <16kg (women) or <27kg (men) according the EWGSOP2 criteria. Catabolic signaling (i.e. FOXO1/3a, MuRF1, MAFbx, LC3b, Atg5, p62) was not differentially expressed between both groups, whereas the mitochondrial marker COX-IV, but not PGC1α and citrate synthase, was lower in the low muscle strength group. Stress factors CHOP and p-ERK1/2 were higher (~1.5-fold) in older adults with low muscle strength. Surprisingly, the inflammatory marker p-p65NF-κB was ~7-fold higher in older adults with preserved muscle strength. Finally, expression of myogenic factors (i.e. Pax7, MyoD, desmin; ~2-fold) was higher in adults with low muscle strength. To conclude, whereas the increased stress factors might reflect the age-related deterioration of tissue homeostasis, e.g. due to misfolded proteins (CHOP), upregulation of myogenic markers in the low strength group might be an attempt to compensate for the gradual loss in muscle quantity and quality. These data might provide valuable insights in the processes that underlie sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Dalle
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolan Dupont
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, UZ Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lenore Dedeyne
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sabine Verschueren
- Research Group for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Tournoy
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, UZ Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Gielen
- Geriatrics & Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, UZ Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Koppo
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Yoon JH, Lee SM, Lee Y, Kim MJ, Yang JW, Choi JY, Kwak JY, Lee KP, Yang YR, Kwon KS. Alverine citrate promotes myogenic differentiation and ameliorates muscle atrophy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 586:157-162. [PMID: 34847441 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of muscle mass and function and no pharmacological medication has been approved for its treatment. We established an atrogin-1/MAFbx promoter assay to find drug candidates that inhibit myotube atrophy. Alverine citrate (AC) was identified using high-throughput screening of an existing drug library. AC is an established medicine for stomach and intestinal spasms. AC treatment increased myotube diameter and inhibited atrophy signals induced by either C26-conditioned medium or dexamethasone in cultured C2C12 myoblasts. AC also enhanced myoblast fusion through the upregulation of fusion-related genes during C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Oral administration of AC improves muscle mass and physical performance in aged mice, as well as hindlimb-disused mice. Taken together, our data suggest that AC may be a novel therapeutic candidate for improving muscle weakness, including sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyeon Yoon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Min Ju Kim
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Yang
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yi Choi
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Kwak
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Pyo Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ryoul Yang
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Sun Kwon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Aventi Inc., Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Sharlo K, Tyganov SA, Tomilovskaya E, Popov DV, Saveko AA, Shenkman BS. Effects of Various Muscle Disuse States and Countermeasures on Muscle Molecular Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010468. [PMID: 35008893 PMCID: PMC8745071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is capable of changing its structural parameters, metabolic rate and functional characteristics within a wide range when adapting to various loading regimens and states of the organism. Prolonged muscle inactivation leads to serious negative consequences that affect the quality of life and work capacity of people. This review examines various conditions that lead to decreased levels of muscle loading and activity and describes the key molecular mechanisms of muscle responses to these conditions. It also details the theoretical foundations of various methods preventing adverse muscle changes caused by decreased motor activity and describes these methods. A number of recent studies presented in this review make it possible to determine the molecular basis of the countermeasure methods used in rehabilitation and space medicine for many years, as well as to identify promising new approaches to rehabilitation and to form a holistic understanding of the mechanisms of gravity force control over the muscular system.
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28
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AlSudais H, Wiper-Bergeron N. From quiescence to repair: C/EBPβ as a regulator of muscle stem cell function in health and disease. FEBS J 2021; 289:6518-6530. [PMID: 34854237 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CCAAT/Enhancer Binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) is a transcriptional regulator involved in numerous physiological processes. Herein, we describe a role for C/EBPβ as a regulator of skeletal muscle stem cell function. In particular, C/EBPβ is expressed in muscle stem cells in healthy muscle where it inhibits myogenic differentiation. Downregulation of C/EBPβ expression at the protein and transcriptional level allows for differentiation. Persistence of C/EBPβ promotes stem cell self-renewal and C/EBPβ expression is required for mitotic quiescence in this cell population. As a critical regulator of skeletal muscle homeostasis, C/EBPβ expression is stimulated in pathological conditions such as cancer cachexia, which perturbs muscle regeneration and promotes myofiber atrophy in the context of systemic inflammation. C/EBPβ is also an important regulator of cytokine expression and immune response genes, a mechanism by which it can influence muscle stem cell function. In this viewpoint, we describe a role for C/EBPβ in muscle stem cells and propose a functional intersection between C/EBPβ and NF-kB action in the regulation of cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamood AlSudais
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadine Wiper-Bergeron
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
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29
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MicroRNAs associated with signaling pathways and exercise adaptation in sarcopenia. Life Sci 2021; 285:119926. [PMID: 34480932 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Considering the expansion of human life-span over the past few decades; sarcopenia, a physiological consequence of aging process characterized with a diminution in mass and strength of skeletal muscle, has become more frequent. Thus, there is a growing need for expanding our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy in sarcopenia which are complex and involve many signaling pathways associated with protein degradation and synthesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as evolutionary conserved small RNAs, could complementarily bind to their target mRNAs and post-transcriptionally inhibit their translation. Aberrant expression of miRNAs contributes to the development of sarcopenia by regulating the expression of critical genes involved in age-related skeletal muscle mass loss. Here we have a review on the signaling pathways along with the miRNAs controlling their components expression and subsequently we provide a brief overview on the effects of exercise on expression pattern of miRNAs in sarcopenia.
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30
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Effects of aging on protein expression in mice brain microvessels: ROS scavengers, mRNA/protein stability, glycolytic enzymes, mitochondrial complexes, and basement membrane components. GeroScience 2021; 44:371-388. [PMID: 34708300 PMCID: PMC8811117 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentially expressed (DE) proteins in the cortical microvessels (MVs) of young, middle-aged, and old male and female mice were evaluated using discovery-based proteomics analysis (> 4,200 quantified proteins/group). Most DE proteins (> 90%) showed no significant differences between the sexes; however, some significant DE proteins showing sexual differences in MVs decreased from young (8.3%), to middle-aged (3.7%), to old (0.5%) mice. Therefore, we combined male and female data for age-dependent comparisons but noted sex differences for examination. Key proteins involved in the oxidative stress response, mRNA or protein stability, basement membrane (BM) composition, aerobic glycolysis, and mitochondrial function were significantly altered with aging. Relative abundance of superoxide dismutase-1/-2, catalase and thioredoxin were reduced with aging. Proteins participating in either mRNA degradation or pre-mRNA splicing were significantly increased in old mice MVs, whereas protein stabilizing proteins decreased. Glycolytic proteins were not affected in middle age, but the relative abundance of these proteins decreased in MVs of old mice. Although most of the 41 examined proteins composing mitochondrial complexes I–V were reduced in old mice, six of these proteins showed a significant reduction in middle-aged mice, but the relative abundance increased in fourteen proteins. Nidogen, collagen, and laminin family members as well as perlecan showed differing patterns during aging, indicating BM reorganization starting in middle age. We suggest that increased oxidative stress during aging leads to adverse protein profile changes of brain cortical MVs that affect mRNA/protein stability, BM integrity, and ATP synthesis capacity.
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31
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Lofaro FD, Cisterna B, Lacavalla MA, Boschi F, Malatesta M, Quaglino D, Zancanaro C, Boraldi F. Age-Related Changes in the Matrisome of the Mouse Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10564. [PMID: 34638903 PMCID: PMC8508832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a progressive decline of skeletal muscle (SM) mass and strength which may lead to sarcopenia in older persons. To date, a limited number of studies have been performed in the old SM looking at the whole, complex network of the extracellular matrix (i.e., matrisome) and its aging-associated changes. In this study, skeletal muscle proteins were isolated from whole gastrocnemius muscles of adult (12 mo.) and old (24 mo.) mice using three sequential extractions, each one analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Muscle sections were investigated using fluorescence- and transmission electron microscopy. This study provided the first characterization of the matrisome in the old SM demonstrating several statistically significantly increased matrisome proteins in the old vs. adult SM. Several proteomic findings were confirmed and expanded by morphological data. The current findings shed new light on the mutually cooperative interplay between cells and the extracellular environment in the aging SM. These data open the door for a better understanding of the mechanisms modulating myocellular behavior in aging (e.g., by altering mechano-sensing stimuli as well as signaling pathways) and their contribution to age-dependent muscle dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Demetrio Lofaro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-44100 Modena, Italy; (F.D.L.); (D.Q.)
| | - Barbara Cisterna
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, I-37100 Verona, Italy; (B.C.); (M.A.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Assunta Lacavalla
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, I-37100 Verona, Italy; (B.C.); (M.A.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Federico Boschi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, I-37100 Verona, Italy;
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, I-37100 Verona, Italy; (B.C.); (M.A.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Daniela Quaglino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-44100 Modena, Italy; (F.D.L.); (D.Q.)
| | - Carlo Zancanaro
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, I-37100 Verona, Italy; (B.C.); (M.A.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Federica Boraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-44100 Modena, Italy; (F.D.L.); (D.Q.)
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Atala NA, Bongiovanni SL, Galich AM, Bruchmann MG, Rossi LA, Tanoira I, Ranalletta M. Is sarcopenia a risk factor for rotator cuff tears? J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2021; 30:1851-1855. [PMID: 33157241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass and consequent loss of muscle function with aging. Currently, it is considered an independent risk factor for falls and fractures, disability, postoperative complications, and mortality. Rotator cuff tears are known to be influenced by systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, thyroid disease, and osteoporosis. The aim of our study was to determine if there is a correlation between sarcopenia prevalence and rotator cuff tears. METHODS This is a prospective case-control study. Between May 2017 and May 2018, 106 patients were evaluated and divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (cases) included 53 consecutive patients with chronic symptomatic full-thickness rotator cuff tears (mean age, 72 ± 5 years), and group 2 (controls) included 53 patients without rotator cuff tears (mean age, 71 ± 6 years). Sarcopenia was diagnosed with the presence of 2 of 3 criteria: low skeletal muscle mass, inadequate muscle strength, and inadequate physical performance. Rotator cuff integrity was evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging in all patients. RESULTS No significant differences were found in baseline data and demographic factors between the groups, except for the smoking habit (P = .02). The prevalence of sarcopenia was not significantly different between the groups, nor were gait speed, grip strength, and skeletal muscle mass index (P = .15, .99, and .9, respectively). CONCLUSION The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with rotator cuff tears was similar to an age- and sex-matched control population. Thus, with these results, we are not able to consider sarcopenia as an independent risk factor for rotator cuff tears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás A Atala
- Shoulder Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Santiago L Bongiovanni
- Shoulder Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana M Galich
- Shoulder Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María G Bruchmann
- Shoulder Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciano A Rossi
- Shoulder Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Tanoira
- Shoulder Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Ranalletta
- Shoulder Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Singh SS, Kumar A, Welch N, Sekar J, Mishra S, Bellar A, Gangadhariah M, Attaway A, Al Khafaji H, Wu X, Pathak V, Agrawal V, McMullen MR, Hornberger TA, Nagy LE, Davuluri G, Dasarathy S. Multiomics-Identified Intervention to Restore Ethanol-Induced Dysregulated Proteostasis and Secondary Sarcopenia in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Cell Physiol Biochem 2021; 55:91-116. [PMID: 33543862 DOI: 10.33594/000000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Signaling and metabolic perturbations contribute to dysregulated skeletal muscle protein homeostasis and secondary sarcopenia in response to a number of cellular stressors including ethanol exposure. Using an innovative multiomics-based curating of unbiased data, we identified molecular and metabolic therapeutic targets and experimentally validated restoration of protein homeostasis in an ethanol-fed mouse model of liver disease. METHODS Studies were performed in ethanol-treated differentiated C2C12 myotubes and physiological relevance established in an ethanol-fed mouse model of alcohol-related liver disease (mALD) or pair-fed control C57BL/6 mice. Transcriptome and proteome from ethanol treated-myotubes and gastrocnemius muscle from mALD and pair-fed mice were analyzed to identify target pathways and molecules. Readouts including signaling responses and autophagy markers by immunoblots, mitochondrial oxidative function and free radical generation, and metabolic studies by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and sarcopenic phenotype by imaging. RESULTS Multiomics analyses showed that ethanol impaired skeletal muscle mTORC1 signaling, mitochondrial oxidative pathways, including intermediary metabolite regulatory genes, interleukin-6, and amino acid degradation pathways are β-hydroxymethyl-butyrate targets. Ethanol decreased mTORC1 signaling, increased autophagy flux, impaired mitochondrial oxidative function with decreased tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediary metabolites, ATP synthesis, protein synthesis and myotube diameter that were reversed by HMB. Consistently, skeletal muscle from mALD had decreased mTORC1 signaling, reduced fractional and total muscle protein synthesis rates, increased autophagy markers, lower intermediary metabolite concentrations, and lower muscle mass and fiber diameter that were reversed by β-hydroxymethyl-butyrate treatment. CONCLUSION An innovative multiomics approach followed by experimental validation showed that β-hydroxymethyl-butyrate restores muscle protein homeostasis in liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Welch
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jinendiran Sekar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Saurabh Mishra
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Annette Bellar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Amy Attaway
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Pulmonology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hayder Al Khafaji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vai Pathak
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vandana Agrawal
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Megan R McMullen
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Troy A Hornberger
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA, .,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Tan LJ, Li XH, Li GG, Hu Y, Chen XD, Deng HW. Identification of novel pleiotropic gene for bone mineral density and lean mass using the cFDR method. Ann Hum Genet 2021; 85:201-212. [PMID: 34115876 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone mineral density (BMD) and whole-body lean mass (WBLM) are two important phenotypes of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Previous studies have shown that BMD and lean mass were phenotypically and genetically correlated. To identify the novel common genetic factors shared between BMD and WBLM, we performed the conditional false discovery rate (cFDR) analysis using summary data of the genome-wide association study of femoral neck BMD (n = 53,236) and WBLM (n = 38,292) from the Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis Consortium (GEFOS). We identified eight pleiotropic Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) (PLCL1 rs11684176 and rs2880389, JAZF1 rs198, ADAMTSL3 rs10906982, RFTN2/MARS2 rs7340470, SH3GL3 rs1896797, ST7L rs10776755, ANKRD44/SF3B1 rs11888760) significantly associated with femoral neck BMD and WBLM (ccFDR < 0.05). Bayesian fine-mapping analysis showed that rs11888760, rs198, and rs1896797 were the possible functional variants in the ANKRD44/SF3B1, JAZF1i, and SH3GL3 loci, respectively. Functional annotation suggested that rs11888760 was likely to comprise a DNA regulatory element and linked to the expression of RFTN2 and PLCL1. PLCL1 showed differential expression in laryngeal posterior cricoarytenoid muscle between rats of 6 months and 30 months of age. Our findings, together with PLCL1's potential functional relevance to bone and skeletal muscle function, suggested that rs11888760 was the possible pleiotropic functional variants appearing to coregulate both bone and muscle metabolism through regulating the expression of PLCL1. The findings enhanced our knowledge of genetic associations between BMD and lean mass and provide a rationale for subsequent functional studies of the implicated genes in the pathophysiology of diseases, such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gai-Gai Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang-Ding Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Center of Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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35
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Ali AM, Kunugi H. Screening for Sarcopenia (Physical Frailty) in the COVID-19 Era. Int J Endocrinol 2021; 2021:5563960. [PMID: 34113379 PMCID: PMC8152925 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5563960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the numbers of aged populations have risen considerably in the last few decades, the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has revealed an extensive vulnerability among these populations. Sarcopenia is an age-related disorder that increases hospitalization, dependencies, and mortality in older adults. It starts to develop in midlife or even earlier as a result of unbalanced diet/poor nutrition and low levels of physical activity, in addition to chronic disorders such as obesity and diabetes mellitus. Given that social isolation is adopted as the most protective measure against COVID-19, the level of physical activity and the intake of adequate diet have considerably declined, especially among older adults-denoting an increased possibility for developing sarcopenia. Research also shows a higher vulnerability of sarcopenic people to COVID-19 as well as the development of wasting disorders such as sarcopenia and cachexia in a considerable proportion of symptomatic and recovering COVID-19 patients. Muscular wasting in COVID-19 is associated with poor prognosis. Accordingly, early detection and proper management of sarcopenia and wasting conditions in older adults and COVID-19 patients may minimize morbidity and mortality during the current COVID-19 crisis. This review explored different aspects of screening for sarcopenia, stressing their relevance to the detection of altered muscular structure and performance in patients with COVID-19. Current guidelines recommend prior evaluation of muscle strength by simple measures such as grip strength to identify individuals with proven weakness who then would be screened for muscle mass loss. The latter is best measured by MRI and CT. However, due to the high cost and radiation risk entailed by these techniques, other simpler and cheaper techniques such as DXA and ultrasound are given preference. Muscle loss in COVID-19 patients was measured during the acute phase by CT scanning of the pectoralis muscle simultaneously during a routine check for lung fibrosis, which seems to be an efficient evaluation of sarcopenia among those patients with no additional cost. In recovering patients, muscle strength and physical performance have been evaluated by electromyography and traditional tests such as the six-minute walk test. Effective preventive and therapeutic interventions are necessary in order to prevent muscle loss and associated physical decline in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Mohammed Ali
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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Wang D, Yang Y, Zou X, Zhang J, Zheng Z, Wang Z. Antioxidant Apigenin Relieves Age-Related Muscle Atrophy by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Hyperactive Mitophagy and Apoptosis in Skeletal Muscle of Mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:2081-2088. [PMID: 32857105 PMCID: PMC7566467 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy in the aged causes loss in muscle mass and functions. Naturally occurring antioxidant flavonoid apigenin is able to ameliorate obesity- and denervation-induced muscle atrophies, but its effects on age-related muscle atrophy remain unknown. We hypothesized that apigenin can relieve muscle atrophy in aged mice, probably through special effects on reactive oxygen species and enzymes with antioxidant functions. For the male mice of the study, apigenin showed significant dose-dependent effects in relieving aging-related muscle atrophy according to results of frailty index as indicator of frailty associated with aging, grip strength, and running distance. Apigenin also improved myofiber size and morphological features and increased mitochondria number and volume, as manifested by succinate dehydrogenase staining and transmission electron microscopy. Our tests also suggested that apigenin promoted activities of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase for antioxidation and those for aerobic respiration such as mitochondrial respiratory enzyme complexes I, II, and IV, increased ATP, and enhanced expression of genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α, mitochondrial transcription factor A, nuclear respiratory factor-1, and ATP5B involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. The data also suggested that apigenin inhibited Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19kD-interacting protein 3 and DNA fragmentation as indicators of mitophagy and apoptosis in aged mice with skeletal muscle atrophy. Together, the results suggest that apigenin relieves age-related skeletal muscle atrophy through reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting hyperactive autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongtao Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.,Department of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for R&D of Natural Drug, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaohu Zou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zena Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
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Lala-Tabbert N, AlSudais H, Marchildon F, Fu D, Wiper-Bergeron N. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta promotes muscle stem cell quiescence through regulation of quiescence-associated genes. Stem Cells 2020; 39:345-357. [PMID: 33326659 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of skeletal muscle depends on resident muscle stem cells called satellite cells that in healthy, uninjured muscle remain quiescent (noncycling). After activation and expansion of satellite cells postinjury, satellite cell numbers return to uninjured levels and return to mitotic quiescence. Here, we show that the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) is required to maintain quiescence of satellite cells in uninjured muscle. We show that C/EBPβ is expressed in quiescent satellite cells in vivo and upregulated in noncycling myoblasts in vitro. Loss of C/EBPβ in satellite cells promotes their premature exit from quiescence resulting in spontaneous activation and differentiation of the stem cell pool. Forced expression of C/EBPβ in myoblasts inhibits proliferation by upregulation of 28 quiescence-associated genes. Furthermore, we find that caveolin-1 is a direct transcriptional target of C/EBPβ and is required for cell cycle exit in muscle satellite cells expressing C/EBPβ. The induction of mitotic quiescence is considered necessary for the long-term maintenance of adult stem cell populations with dysregulation driving increased differentiation of progenitors and depletion of the stem cell pool. Our findings place C/EBPβ as an important transcriptional regulator of muscle satellite cell quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neena Lala-Tabbert
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hamood AlSudais
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - François Marchildon
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dechen Fu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nadine Wiper-Bergeron
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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38
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Ali AM, Kunugi H. Intermittent Fasting, Dietary Modifications, and Exercise for the Control of Gestational Diabetes and Maternal Mood Dysregulation: A Review and a Case Report. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E9379. [PMID: 33333828 PMCID: PMC7765295 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy-related condition afflicting 5-36% of pregnancies. It is associated with many morbid maternal and fetal outcomes. Mood dysregulations (MDs, e.g., depression, distress, and anxiety) are common among women with GDM, and they exacerbate its prognosis and hinder its treatment. Hence, in addition to early detection and proper management of GDM, treating the associated MDs is crucial. Maternal hyperglycemia and MDs result from a complex network of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors. This review briefly explores mechanisms that underlie GDM and prenatal MDs. It also describes the effect of exercise, dietary modification, and intermittent fasting (IF) on metabolic and affective dysfunctions exemplified by a case report. In this patient, interventions such as IF considerably reduced maternal body weight, plasma glucose, and psychological distress without any adverse effects. Thus, IF is one measure that can control GDM and maternal MDs; however, more investigations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Mohammed Ali
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-0031, Japan;
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-0031, Japan;
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
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39
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Jang YC, Rodriguez K, Lustgarten MS, Muller FL, Bhattacharya A, Pierce A, Choi JJ, Lee NH, Chaudhuri A, Richardson AG, Van Remmen H. Superoxide-mediated oxidative stress accelerates skeletal muscle atrophy by synchronous activation of proteolytic systems. GeroScience 2020; 42:1579-1591. [PMID: 32451848 PMCID: PMC7732940 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00200-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of skeletal muscle mass depends on the overall balance between the rates of protein synthesis and degradation. Thus, age-related muscle atrophy and function, commonly known as sarcopenia, may result from decreased protein synthesis, increased proteolysis, or simultaneous changes in both processes governed by complex multifactorial mechanisms. Growing evidence implicates oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as an essential regulator of proteolysis. Our previous studies have shown that genetic deletion of CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD, Sod1) in mice leads to elevated oxidative stress, muscle atrophy and weakness, and an acceleration in age-related phenotypes associated with sarcopenia. The goal of this study is to determine whether oxidative stress directly influences the acceleration of proteolysis in skeletal muscle of Sod1-/- mice as a function of age. Compared to control, Sod1-/- muscle showed a significant elevation in protein carbonyls and 3-nitrotyrosine levels, suggesting high oxidative and nitrosative protein modifications were present. In addition, age-dependent muscle atrophy in Sod1-/- muscle was accompanied by an upregulation of the cysteine proteases, calpain, and caspase-3, which are known to play a key role in the initial breakdown of sarcomeres during atrophic conditions. Furthermore, an increase in oxidative stress-induced muscle atrophy was also strongly coupled with simultaneous activation of two major proteolytic systems, the ubiquitin-proteasome and lysosomal autophagy pathways. Collectively, our data suggest that chronic oxidative stress in Sod1-/- mice accelerates age-dependent muscle atrophy by enhancing coordinated activation of the proteolytic systems, thereby resulting in overall protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young C Jang
- School of Biological Sciences and Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering & Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Karl Rodriguez
- Sam & Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael S Lustgarten
- Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florian L Muller
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Arunabh Bhattacharya
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Jeongmoon J Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering & Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nan Hee Lee
- School of Biological Sciences and Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering & Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Arlan G Richardson
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Seo DY, Hwang BG. Effects of exercise training on the biochemical pathways associated with sarcopenia. Phys Act Nutr 2020; 24:32-38. [PMID: 33108716 PMCID: PMC7669465 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2020.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Sarcopenia is considered one of the major causes of disability in the elderly population and is highly associated with aging. Exercise is an essential strategy for improving muscle health while aging and involves multiple metabolic and transcriptional adaptations. Although the beneficial effects of exercise modalities on skeletal muscle structure and function in aging are well recognized, the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the influence of exercise have not been fully elucidated. [Methods] We summarize the biochemical pathways involved in the progression and pathogenesis of sarcopenia and describe the beneficial effects of exercise training on the relevant signaling pathways associated with sarcopenia. [Results] This study briefly introduces current knowledge on the signaling pathways involved in the development of sarcopenia, effects of aerobic exercise on mitochondria-related parameters and mitochondrial function, and role of resistance exercise in the regulation of muscle protein synthesis against sarcopenia. [Conclusion] This review suggested that the beneficial effects of exercise are still under-explored, and accelerated research will help develop better modalities for the prevention, management, and treatment of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Yun Seo
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Boo Geun Hwang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Tong Myong University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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41
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Borja-Gonzalez M, Casas-Martinez JC, McDonagh B, Goljanek-Whysall K. Aging Science Talks: The role of miR-181a in age-related loss of muscle mass and function. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE OF AGING 2020; 4:81-85. [PMID: 32835152 PMCID: PMC7341035 DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Borja-Gonzalez
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Jose C Casas-Martinez
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Brian McDonagh
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
- Institute of Aging and Chronic Disease & The Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research Into Musculoskeletal Aging, CIMA, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TJ, UK
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De Spiegeleer A, Elewaut D, Van Den Noortgate N, Janssens Y, Debunne N, Van Langenhove S, Govindarajan S, De Spiegeleer B, Wynendaele E. Quorum sensing molecules as a novel microbial factor impacting muscle cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Targeting Age-Dependent Functional and Metabolic Decline of Human Skeletal Muscle: The Geroprotective Role of Exercise, Myokine IL-6, and Vitamin D. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031010. [PMID: 32033000 PMCID: PMC7037081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the elderly, whole-body health largely relies on healthy skeletal muscle, which controls body stability, locomotion, and metabolic homeostasis. Age-related skeletal muscle structural/functional deterioration is associated with a higher risk of severe comorbid conditions and poorer outcomes, demanding major socioeconomic costs. Thus, the need for efficient so-called geroprotective strategies to improve resilience and ensure a good quality of life in older subjects is urgent. Skeletal muscle senescence and metabolic dysregulation share common cellular/intracellular mechanisms, potentially representing targets for intervention to preserve muscle integrity. Many factors converge in aging, and multifaceted approaches have been proposed as interventions, although they have often been inconclusive. Physical exercise can counteract aging and metabolic deficits, not only in maintaining tissue mass, but also by preserving tissue secretory function. Indeed, skeletal muscle is currently considered a proper secretory organ controlling distant organ functions through immunoactive regulatory small peptides called myokines. This review provides a current perspective on the main biomolecular mechanisms underlying age-dependent and metabolic deterioration of skeletal muscle, herein discussed as a secretory organ, the functional integrity of which largely depends on exercise and myokine release. In particular, muscle-derived interleukin (IL)-6 is discussed as a nutrient-level biosensor. Overall, exercise and vitamin D are addressed as optimal geroprotective strategies in view of their multi-target effects.
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Migliavacca E, Tay SKH, Patel HP, Sonntag T, Civiletto G, McFarlane C, Forrester T, Barton SJ, Leow MK, Antoun E, Charpagne A, Seng Chong Y, Descombes P, Feng L, Francis-Emmanuel P, Garratt ES, Giner MP, Green CO, Karaz S, Kothandaraman N, Marquis J, Metairon S, Moco S, Nelson G, Ngo S, Pleasants T, Raymond F, Sayer AA, Ming Sim C, Slater-Jefferies J, Syddall HE, Fang Tan P, Titcombe P, Vaz C, Westbury LD, Wong G, Yonghui W, Cooper C, Sheppard A, Godfrey KM, Lillycrop KA, Karnani N, Feige JN. Mitochondrial oxidative capacity and NAD + biosynthesis are reduced in human sarcopenia across ethnicities. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5808. [PMID: 31862890 PMCID: PMC6925228 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The causes of impaired skeletal muscle mass and strength during aging are well-studied in healthy populations. Less is known on pathological age-related muscle wasting and weakness termed sarcopenia, which directly impacts physical autonomy and survival. Here, we compare genome-wide transcriptional changes of sarcopenia versus age-matched controls in muscle biopsies from 119 older men from Singapore, Hertfordshire UK and Jamaica. Individuals with sarcopenia reproducibly demonstrate a prominent transcriptional signature of mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction in skeletal muscle, with low PGC-1α/ERRα signalling, and downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial proteostasis genes. These changes translate functionally into fewer mitochondria, reduced mitochondrial respiratory complex expression and activity, and low NAD+ levels through perturbed NAD+ biosynthesis and salvage in sarcopenic muscle. We provide an integrated molecular profile of human sarcopenia across ethnicities, demonstrating a fundamental role of altered mitochondrial metabolism in the pathological loss of skeletal muscle mass and function in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stacey K H Tay
- KTP-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Harnish P Patel
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, , University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Tanja Sonntag
- Nestle Research, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
- EPFL school of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Craig McFarlane
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Terence Forrester
- UWI Solutions for Developing Countries, UWI SODECO, University of West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Sheila J Barton
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Melvin K Leow
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elie Antoun
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Aline Charpagne
- Nestle Research, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Lei Feng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrice Francis-Emmanuel
- UWI Solutions for Developing Countries, UWI SODECO, University of West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Emma S Garratt
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Curtis O Green
- UWI Solutions for Developing Countries, UWI SODECO, University of West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Sonia Karaz
- Nestle Research, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Julien Marquis
- Nestle Research, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Sofia Moco
- Nestle Research, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gail Nelson
- UWI Solutions for Developing Countries, UWI SODECO, University of West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Sherry Ngo
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tony Pleasants
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Avan A Sayer
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, , University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- AGE Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon-Tyne NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Chu Ming Sim
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jo Slater-Jefferies
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Holly E Syddall
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Pei Fang Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip Titcombe
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Candida Vaz
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leo D Westbury
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gerard Wong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wu Yonghui
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Allan Sheppard
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Karen A Lillycrop
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
- Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jerome N Feige
- Nestle Research, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- EPFL school of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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De Spiegeleer A, Elewaut D, Van Den Noortgate N, Janssens Y, Debunne N, Van Langenhove S, Govindarajan S, De Spiegeleer B, Wynendaele E. WITHDRAWN: This article has been withdrawn. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019:165585. [PMID: 31678164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author for administrative reasons. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton De Spiegeleer
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nele Van Den Noortgate
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yorick Janssens
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathan Debunne
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Selien Van Langenhove
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Srinath Govindarajan
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart De Spiegeleer
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Wynendaele
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Ubaida-Mohien C, Lyashkov A, Gonzalez-Freire M, Tharakan R, Shardell M, Moaddel R, Semba RD, Chia CW, Gorospe M, Sen R, Ferrucci L. Discovery proteomics in aging human skeletal muscle finds change in spliceosome, immunity, proteostasis and mitochondria. eLife 2019; 8:49874. [PMID: 31642809 PMCID: PMC6810669 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A decline of skeletal muscle strength with aging is a primary cause of mobility loss and frailty in older persons, but the molecular mechanisms of such decline are not understood. Here, we performed quantitative proteomic analysis from skeletal muscle collected from 58 healthy persons aged 20 to 87 years. In muscle from older persons, ribosomal proteins and proteins related to energetic metabolism, including those related to the TCA cycle, mitochondria respiration, and glycolysis, were underrepresented, while proteins implicated in innate and adaptive immunity, proteostasis, and alternative splicing were overrepresented. Consistent with reports in animal models, older human muscle was characterized by deranged energetic metabolism, a pro-inflammatory environment and increased proteolysis. Changes in alternative splicing with aging were confirmed by RNA-seq analysis. We propose that changes in the splicing machinery enables muscle cells to respond to a rise in damage with aging. As humans age, their muscles become weaker, making it increasingly harder for them to move, a condition known as sarcopenia. Analyzing old muscles in other animals revealed that they produce energy inefficiently, they destroy more proteins than younger muscles, and they have high levels of molecules that cause inflammation. These characteristics may be involved in causing muscle weakness. Proteomics is the study of proteins, the molecules that play many roles in keeping the body working: for example, they accelerate chemical reactions, participate in copying DNA and help cells respond to stimuli. Using proteomics, it is possible to examine a large number of the different proteins in a tissue, which can provide information about the state of that tissue. Ubaida-Mohien et al. used this approach to answer the question of why muscles become weaker with age. First, they analyzed the levels of all the proteins found in skeletal muscle collected from 58 healthy volunteers between 20 and 87 years of age. This revealed that the muscles of older people have fewer copies of the proteins that make up ribosomes – the cellular machines that produce new proteins – and fewer proteins involved in providing the cell with chemical energy. In contrast, proteins implicated in the immune system, in the maintenance of existing proteins, and in processing other molecules called RNAs were more abundant in older muscles. Ubaida-Mohien et al. then looked more closely at changes involving RNA processing. Cells make proteins by copying DNA sequences into an RNA template and using this template to instruct the ribosomes on how to make the specific protein. Before the RNA can be ‘read’ by a ribosome, however, some parts must be cut out and others added, which can lead to different versions of the final RNA, also known as alternative transcripts. In order to check whether the difference in the levels of proteins that process RNAs was affecting the RNAs being produced, Ubaida-Mohien et al. extracted the RNAs from older and younger muscles and compared them. This showed that the RNA in older people had more alternative transcripts, confirming that the change in protein levels was having downstream effects. Currently, it is not possible to prevent or delay the loss of muscle strength associated with aging. Understanding how the protein make-up of muscles changes as humans grow older may help find new ways to prevent and perhaps even reverse this decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceereena Ubaida-Mohien
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Alexey Lyashkov
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Freire
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ravi Tharakan
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Michelle Shardell
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | | | - Chee W Chia
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ranjan Sen
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, United States
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47
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Melouane A, Ghanemi A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. Functional genomics applications and therapeutic implications in sarcopenia. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2019; 781:175-185. [PMID: 31416575 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The human genome contains around 20,000-25,000 genes coding for 30,000 proteins. Some proteins and genes represent therapeutic targets for human diseases. RNA and protein expression profiling tools allow the study of the molecular basis of aging and drug discovery validation. Throughout the life, there is an age-related and disease-related muscle decline. Sarcopenia is defined as a loss of muscle mass and a decrease in functional properties such as muscle strength and physical performance. Yet, there is still no consensus on the evaluation methods of sarcopenia prognosis. The main challenge of this complex biological phenomena is its multifactorial etiology. Thus, functional genomics methods attempt to shape the related scientific approaches via an innovative in-depth view on sarcopenia. Gene and drug high throughput screening combined with functional genomics allow the generation and the interpretation of a large amount of data related to sarcopenia and therapeutic progress. This review focuses on the application of selected functional genomics techniques such as RNA interference, RNA silencing, proteomics, transgenic mice, metabolomics, genomics, and epigenomics to better understand sarcopenia mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Melouane
- CREMI, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Abdelaziz Ghanemi
- CREMI, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Mayumi Yoshioka
- CREMI, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jonny St-Amand
- CREMI, CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, G1V 4G2, Canada.
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48
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Gensous N, Bacalini MG, Franceschi C, Meskers CGM, Maier AB, Garagnani P. Age-Related DNA Methylation Changes: Potential Impact on Skeletal Muscle Aging in Humans. Front Physiol 2019; 10:996. [PMID: 31427991 PMCID: PMC6688482 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human aging is accompanied by a decline in muscle mass and muscle function, which is commonly referred to as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is associated with detrimental clinical outcomes, such as a reduced quality of life, frailty, an increased risk of falls, fractures, hospitalization, and mortality. The exact underlying mechanisms of sarcopenia are poorly delineated and the molecular mechanisms driving the development and progression of this disorder remain to be uncovered. Previous studies have described age-related differences in gene expression, with one study identifying an age-specific expression signature of sarcopenia, but little is known about the influence of epigenetics, and specially of DNA methylation, in its pathogenesis. In this review, we will focus on the available knowledge in literature on the characterization of DNA methylation profiles during skeletal muscle aging and the possible impact of physical activity and nutrition. We will consider the possible use of the recently developed DNA methylation-based biomarkers of aging called epigenetic clocks in the assessment of physical performance in older individuals. Finally, we will discuss limitations and future directions of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Gensous
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Carel G M Meskers
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Applied Biomedical Research Center (CRBA), Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy.,CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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49
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Neelakantan H, Brightwell CR, Graber TG, Maroto R, Wang HYL, McHardy SF, Papaconstantinou J, Fry CS, Watowich SJ. Small molecule nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibitor activates senescent muscle stem cells and improves regenerative capacity of aged skeletal muscle. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:481-492. [PMID: 30753815 PMCID: PMC6469996 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by progressive declines in skeletal muscle mass and strength and impaired regenerative capacity, predisposing older adults to debilitating age-related muscle deteriorations and severe morbidity. Muscle stem cells (muSCs) that proliferate, differentiate to fusion-competent myoblasts, and facilitate muscle regeneration are increasingly dysfunctional upon aging, impairing muscle recovery after injury. While regulators of muSC activity can offer novel therapeutics to improve recovery and reduce morbidity among aged adults, there are no known muSC regenerative small molecule therapeutics. We recently developed small molecule inhibitors of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme overexpressed with aging in skeletal muscles and linked to impairment of the NAD+ salvage pathway, dysregulated sirtuin 1 activity, and increased muSC senescence. We hypothesized that NNMT inhibitor (NNMTi) treatment will rescue age-related deficits in muSC activity to promote superior regeneration post-injury in aging muscle. 24-month old mice were treated with saline (control), and low and high dose NNMTi (5 and 10 mg/kg) for 1-week post-injury, or control and high dose NNMTi for 3-weeks post-injury. All mice underwent an acute muscle injury (barium chloride injection) locally to the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle, and received 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine systemically to analyze muSC activity. In vivo contractile function measurements were conducted on the injured TA muscle and tissues collected for ex-vivo analyses, including myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA) measurements to assess muscle recovery. Results revealed that muscle stem cell proliferation and subsequent fusion were elevated in NNMTi-treated mice, supporting nearly 2-fold greater CSA and shifts in fiber size distribution to greater proportions of larger sized myofibers and fewer smaller sized fibers in NNMTi-treated mice compared to controls. Prolonged NNMTi treatment post-injury further augmented myofiber regeneration evinced by increasingly larger fiber CSA. Importantly, improved muSC activity translated not only to larger myofibers after injury but also to greater contractile function, with the peak torque of the TA increased by ∼70% in NNMTi-treated mice compared to controls. Similar results were recapitulated in vitro with C2C12 myoblasts, where NNMTi treatment promoted and enhanced myoblast differentiation with supporting changes in the cellular NAD+/NADH redox states. Taken together, these results provide the first clear evidence that NNMT inhibitors constitute a viable pharmacological approach to enhance aged muscle regeneration by rescuing muSC function, supporting the development of NNMTi as novel mechanism-of-action therapeutic to improve skeletal muscle regenerative capacity and functional recovery after musculoskeletal injury in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshini Neelakantan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Camille R Brightwell
- Department of Cell Biology, Neuroscience and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ted G Graber
- Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Rosario Maroto
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Hua-Yu Leo Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Stanton F McHardy
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - John Papaconstantinou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Christopher S Fry
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Stanley J Watowich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA.
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50
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Freire PP, Fernandez GJ, Cury SS, de Moraes D, Oliveira JS, de Oliveira G, Dal-Pai-Silva M, Dos Reis PP, Carvalho RF. The Pathway to Cancer Cachexia: MicroRNA-Regulated Networks in Muscle Wasting Based on Integrative Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1962. [PMID: 31013615 PMCID: PMC6515458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome that leads to significant weight loss. Cachexia affects 50%-80% of cancer patients, depending on the tumor type, and is associated with 20%-40% of cancer patient deaths. Besides the efforts to identify molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy-a key feature in cancer cachexia-no effective therapy for the syndrome is currently available. MicroRNAs are regulators of gene expression, with therapeutic potential in several muscle wasting disorders. We performed a meta-analysis of previously published gene expression data to reveal new potential microRNA-mRNA networks associated with muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. We retrieved 52 differentially expressed genes in nine studies of muscle tissue from patients and rodent models of cancer cachexia. Next, we predicted microRNAs targeting these differentially expressed genes. We also include global microRNA expression data surveyed in atrophying skeletal muscles from previous studies as background information. We identified deregulated genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis, muscle hypertrophy, catabolism, and acute phase response. We further predicted new microRNA-mRNA interactions, such as miR-27a/Foxo1, miR-27a/Mef2c, miR-27b/Cxcl12, miR-27b/Mef2c, miR-140/Cxcl12, miR-199a/Cav1, and miR-199a/Junb, which may contribute to muscle wasting in cancer cachexia. Finally, we found drugs targeting MSTN, CXCL12, and CAMK2B, which may be considered for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for cancer cachexia. Our study has broadened the knowledge of microRNA-regulated networks that are likely associated with muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia, pointing to their involvement as potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Paccielli Freire
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Geysson Javier Fernandez
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Santiloni Cury
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Diogo de Moraes
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Jakeline Santos Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Grasieli de Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Maeli Dal-Pai-Silva
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Pintor Dos Reis
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-687, Brazil.
- Experimental Research Unity, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-687, Brazil.
| | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
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