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Zhang N, Wang X, Han Z, Gong Y, Huang X, Chen N, Li S. The preferential utilization of hepatic glycogen as energy substrates in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) under short-term starvation. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:785-796. [PMID: 38108936 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the underlying mechanism of the energy metabolism in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), cultured fish (initial body weight: 77.57 ± 0.75 g) in the present study were starved for 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 96 h and 192 h, respectively. The proximate composition analysis showed that short-term starvation induced a significant up-regulation in crude protein proportion in hepatic of cultured fish (P < 0.05). However, short-term starvation significantly decreased the hepatosomatic index and the viscerosomatic index of cultured fish (P < 0.05). The exact hepatic glycogen content in the group starved for 92 h presented remarkable decrease (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the weight change of lipid and protein (mg) in hepatic (y = 0.0007x2 - 0.2827x + 49.402; y = 0.0013x2 - 0.5666x + 165.31), the decreasing trend of weight in glycogen (mg) was more pronounced (y = 0.0032x2 - 1.817x + 326.52), which suggested the preferential utilization of hepatic glycogen as energy substrates under short-term starvation. Gene expression analysis revealed that the starvation down-regulated the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 and genes of TOR pathway, such as target of rapamycin (tor) and ribosomal protein S6 (s6) (P < 0.05). In addition, the starvation significantly enhanced expression of lipolysis-related genes, including hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (cpt1), but down-regulated lipogenesis as indicated by the inhibited expression of fatty acids synthase (fas), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (acc1) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (acc2) (P < 0.05). Starvation of 24 h up-regulated the expression of glycolysis genes, glucokinase (gk), phosphofructokinase liver type (pfkl) and pyruvate kinase (pk), and then their expression returned to the normal level. Meanwhile, the expression of gluconeogenesis genes, such as glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (g6pc), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase-1 (fbp1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase (pepck), was significantly inhibited with the short-term starvation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, short-term starvation induced an overall decline in growth performance, but it could deplete the hepatic glycogen accumulation and mobilize glycogen for energy effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihe Zhang
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 20136, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 20136, China
| | - Zhihao Han
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 20136, China
| | - Ye Gong
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 20136, China
| | - Xuxiong Huang
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 20136, China
- National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Naisong Chen
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 20136, China
- National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Songlin Li
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 20136, China.
- National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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2
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Jimenez-Gonzalez A, Ansaloni F, Nebendahl C, Alavioon G, Murray D, Robak W, Sanges R, Müller F, Immler S. Paternal starvation affects metabolic gene expression during zebrafish offspring development and lifelong fitness. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17296. [PMID: 38361456 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Dietary restriction in the form of fasting is a putative key to a healthier and longer life, but these benefits may come at a trade-off with reproductive fitness and may affect the following generation(s). The potential inter- and transgenerational effects of long-term fasting and starvation are particularly poorly understood in vertebrates when they originate from the paternal line. We utilised the externally fertilising zebrafish amenable to a split-egg clutch design to explore the male-specific effects of fasting/starvation on fertility and fitness of offspring independently of maternal contribution. Eighteen days of fasting resulted in reduced fertility in exposed males. While average offspring survival was not affected, we detected increased larval growth rate in F1 offspring from starved males and more malformed embryos at 24 h post-fertilisation in F2 offspring produced by F1 offspring from starved males. Comparing the transcriptomes of F1 embryos sired by starved and fed fathers revealed robust and reproducible increased expression of muscle composition genes but lower expression of lipid metabolism and lysosome genes in embryos from starved fathers. A large proportion of these genes showed enrichment in the yolk syncytial layer suggesting gene regulatory responses associated with metabolism of nutrients through paternal effects on extra-embryonic tissues which are loaded with maternal factors. We compared the embryo transcriptomes to published adult transcriptome datasets and found comparable repressive effects of starvation on metabolism-associated genes. These similarities suggest a physiologically relevant, directed and potentially adaptive response transmitted by the father, independently from the offspring's nutritional state, which was defined by the mother.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Jimenez-Gonzalez
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Federico Ansaloni
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Central RNA Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Ghazal Alavioon
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David Murray
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries, and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, UK
| | - Weronika Robak
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Remo Sanges
- Central RNA Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Ferenc Müller
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Simone Immler
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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3
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Liu L, Huang X, Tu C, Chen B, Bai Y, Yang S, Zhang L, Lin L, Qin Z. The effects of starvation stress on intestinal morphology and flora of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106502. [PMID: 38103581 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Starvation stress can profoundly impact various physiological parameters in fish, including metabolism, behavior, meat quality, and reproduction. However, the repercussions of starvation on the intestinal microbiota of grass carp remain under-explored. This research aimed to elucidate the effects of a 28-day starvation period on the composition of the intestinal microbiota of grass carp. Tissue pathology assessments revealed significant alterations in the dimensions of intestinal villi in the foregut, midgut, and hindgut as compared to the controls. Specifically, dominant differences appeared in both the length and width of the villi. Moreover, a marked decline in the goblet cell population was observed across all the intestinal segments. 16S rDNA sequencing was used to investigate changes in the gut microbiota, which revealed distinct clustering patterns among the starved and control groups. While α diversity metrics remained consistent for the anterior intestine, significant deviations were recorded in the Shannon (midgut: ***P < 0.001; hindgut: *P < 0.05) and Simpson indices (midgut and hindgut: ***P < 0.001), demonstrating alterations in microbial richness and evenness. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Fusobacteria emerged as dominant groups post-starvation. Other bacterial taxa, such as Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, decreased, whereas Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes showed a small increase. In summation, starvation induces considerable morphological and microbial shifts in the grass carp intestine, and thus, this study offers valuable insights into their cultivation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Xiaoman Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Chengming Tu
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yanhan Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Shiyi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Linpeng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China
| | - Li Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China.
| | - Zhendong Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510222, China.
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Ripa R, Ballhysa E, Steiner JD, Laboy R, Annibal A, Hochhard N, Latza C, Dolfi L, Calabrese C, Meyer AM, Polidori MC, Müller RU, Antebi A. Refeeding-associated AMPK γ1 complex activity is a hallmark of health and longevity. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1544-1560. [PMID: 37957359 PMCID: PMC10724066 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Late-life-initiated dietary interventions show limited efficacy in extending longevity or mitigating frailty, yet the underlying causes remain unclear. Here we studied the age-related fasting response of the short-lived killifish Nothobranchius furzeri. Transcriptomic analysis uncovered the existence of a fasting-like transcriptional program in the adipose tissue of old fish that overrides the feeding response, setting the tissue in persistent metabolic quiescence. The fasting-refeeding cycle triggers an inverse oscillatory expression of genes encoding the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulatory subunits Prkag1 (γ1) and Prkag2 (γ2) in young individuals. Aging blunts such regulation, resulting in reduced Prkag1 expression. Transgenic fish with sustained AMPKγ1 countered the fasting-like transcriptional program, exhibiting a more youthful feeding and fasting response in older age, improved metabolic health and longevity. Accordingly, Prkag1 expression declines with age in human tissues and is associated with multimorbidity and multidimensional frailty risk. Thus, selective activation of AMPKγ1 prevents metabolic quiescence and preserves healthy aging in vertebrates, offering potential avenues for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ripa
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eugen Ballhysa
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Graduate School for Ageing Research (CGA), Cologne, Germany
| | - Joachim D Steiner
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Raymond Laboy
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Annibal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nadine Hochhard
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Latza
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Luca Dolfi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Chiara Calabrese
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Graduate School for Ageing Research (CGA), Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna M Meyer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Cristina Polidori
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adam Antebi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Graduate School for Ageing Research (CGA), Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Li ZM, Wang XL, Jin XM, Huang JQ, Wang LS. The effect of selenium on antioxidant system in aquaculture animals. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1153511. [PMID: 37179840 PMCID: PMC10169727 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1153511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There will be generated some adverse conditions in the process of acquculture farming with the continuous improvement of the intensive degree of modern aquaculture, such as crowding stress, hypoxia, and malnutrition, which will easily lead to oxidative stress. Se is an effective antioxidant, participating and playing an important role in the antioxidant defense system of fish. This paper reviews the physiological functions of selenoproteins in resisting oxidative stress in aquatic animals, the mechanisms of different forms of Se in anti-oxidative stress in aquatic animals and the harmful effects of lower and higher levels of Se in aquaculture. To summarize the application and research progress of Se in oxidative stress in aquatic animals and provide scientific references for its application in anti-oxidative stress in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Meng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- College of Fisheries an Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics Resources and Environments, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiu-Li Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- College of Fisheries an Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Min Jin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics Resources and Environments, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lian-Shun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- College of Fisheries an Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Analyses of regulatory network and discovery of potential biomarkers for Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) in responses to starvation stress through transcriptome and metabolome. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 46:101061. [PMID: 36796184 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Whether in aquaculture or in nature, starvation stress limits the growth of fish. The purpose of the study was to clarify the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying starvation stress in Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) through liver transcriptome and metabolome analysis. Transcriptome results showed that liver genes associated with cell cycle and fatty acid synthesis were down-regulated, whereas those related to fatty acid decomposition were up-regulated in the experimental group (EG; starved for 72 days) compared to the control group (CG; feeding). Metabolomic results showed that there were significant differences in the levels of metabolites related to nucleotide metabolism and energy metabolism, such as purine metabolism, histidine metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. Five fatty acids (C22:6n-3; C22:5n-3; C20:5n-3; C20:4n-3; C18:3n-6) were selected as possible biomarkers of starvation stress from the differential metabolites of metabolome. Subsequently, correlation between these differential genes of lipid metabolism and cell cycle and differential metabolites were analyzed, and observed that these five fatty acids were significantly correlated with the differential genes. These results provide new clues for understanding the role of fatty acid metabolism and cell cycle in fish under starvation stress. It also provides a reference for promoting the biomarker identification of starvation stress and stress tolerance breeding research.
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Chen X, Xu Y, Cui X, Zhang S, Zhong X, Ke J, Wu Y, Liu Z, Wei C, Ding Z, Xu J, Cheng H. Starvation Affects the Muscular Morphology, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity, Expression of Lipid Metabolism-Related Genes, and Transcriptomic Profile of Javelin Goby ( Synechogobius hasta). AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2022; 2022:7057571. [PMID: 36860464 PMCID: PMC9973160 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7057571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fish in natural and cultivated environments can be challenged by starvation. However, inducing starvation in a controlled manner cannot only reduce feed consumption but also reduces aquatic eutrophication and even improves farmed fish quality. This study investigated the effects of starvation on the muscular function, morphology, and regulatory signaling in javelin goby (Synechogobius hasta) by evaluating the biochemical, histological, antioxidant, and transcriptional changes in the musculature of S. hasta subjected to 3, 7, and 14 days fasting. The muscle glycogen and triglyceride levels in S. hasta were gradually reduced under starvation, reaching their lowest at the end of the trial (P < 0.05). The levels of glutathione and superoxide dismutase were significantly elevated after 3-7 days of starvation (P < 0.05), but later returned to the level of the control group. The muscle of starved S. hasta developed structural abnormalities in some areas after 7 days of food deprivation, and more vacuolation and more atrophic myofibers were observed in 14-day fasted fish. The transcript levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (scd1), the key gene involved in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, were markedly lower in the groups starved for 7 or more days (P < 0.05). However, the relative expressions of genes associated with lipolysis were decreased in the fasting experiment (P < 0.05). Similar declines in the transcriptional response to starvation were found in muscle fatp1 and ppar γ abundance (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the de novo transcriptome of muscle tissue from the control, 3-day and 14-day starved S. hasta generated 79,255 unigenes. The numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified by pairwise comparisons among three groups were 3276, 7354, and 542, respectively. The enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were primarily involved in metabolism-related pathways, including ribosome, TCA pathway, and pyruvate metabolism. Moreover, the qRT-PCR results of 12 DEGs validated the expression trends observed in the RNA-seq data. Taken together, these findings demonstrated the specific phenotypical and molecular responses of muscular function and morphology in starved S. hasta, which may offer preliminary reference data for optimizing operational strategies incorporating fasting/refeeding cycles in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yili Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xiangyu Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Siying Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xiangqi Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Juntao Ke
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Chaoqing Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Zhujin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jianhe Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Hanliang Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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Martins N, Castro C, Oliva-Teles A, Peres H. The Interplay between Central and Peripheral Systems in Feed Intake Regulation in European Seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) Juveniles. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233287. [PMID: 36496811 PMCID: PMC9739057 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding or feed deprivation on the orexigenic and anorexigenic responses at the central (whole brain) and peripheral (anterior and posterior intestine, stomach, and liver) system levels in European seabass. For this purpose, a group of fish (208 g) was fed a single meal daily for 8 days (fed group) and another group was feed-deprived for 8 days (unfed group). Compared to the fed group, in the whole brain, feed deprivation did not induce changes in npy, agrp1, and cart2 expression, but increased agrp2 and pomc1 expression. In the anterior intestine, feed deprivation increased cck expression, while in the posterior intestine, the npy expression increased and pyyb decreased. In the stomach, the ghr expression decreased regardless of the feeding status. The hepatic lep expression increased in the unfed fish. The present results suggest a feed intake regulation mechanism in European seabass similar to that observed in other teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Martins
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n 289, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Carolina Castro
- FLATLANTIC—Atividades Piscícolas, S.A., Rua do Aceiros s/n, 3070-732 Praia de Mira, Portugal
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n 289, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Helena Peres
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n 289, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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An Integrated Bioinformatics Approach to Identify Network-Derived Hub Genes in Starving Zebrafish. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192724. [PMID: 36230465 PMCID: PMC9559487 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed at identifying causative hub genes within modules formed by co-expression and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, followed by Bayesian network (BN) construction in the liver transcriptome of starved zebrafish. To this end, the GSE11107 and GSE112272 datasets from the GEO databases were downloaded and meta-analyzed using the MetaDE package, an add-on R package. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based upon expression intensity N(µ = 0.2, σ2 = 0.4). Reconstruction of BNs was performed by the bnlearn R package on genes within modules using STRINGdb and CEMiTool. ndufs5 (shared among PPI, BN and COEX), rps26, rpl10, sdhc (shared between PPI and BN), ndufa6, ndufa10, ndufb8 (shared between PPI and COEX), skp1, atp5h, ndufb10, rpl5b, zgc:193613, zgc:123327, zgc:123178, wu:fc58f10, zgc:111986, wu:fc37b12, taldo1, wu:fb62f08, zgc:64133 and acp5a (shared between COEX and BN) were identified as causative hub genes affecting gene expression in the liver of starving zebrafish. Future work will shed light on using integrative analyses of miRNA and DNA microarrays simultaneously, and performing in silico and experimental validation of these hub-causative (CST) genes affecting starvation in zebrafish.
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10
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Ma F, Yang Y, Wang Y, Yin D, Liu K, Yin G. A proteomics approach reveals digestive and nutritional responses to food intake in anadromous Coilia nasus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 43:100995. [PMID: 35594610 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The estuarine tapertail anchovy, Coilia nasus, is an anadromous fish that undertakes over a 600-km spawning migration along the Yangtze River of China. They generally cease feeding during this process, but we recently documented that a small proportion of them appear to feed. Research on proteomic responses is essential for understanding the phenomenon of C. nasus feeding. In this study, we used an iTRAQ-based proteomics approach to study the changes in protein expression in response to food intake in C. nasus following voluntary fasting. Coilia nasus in the feeding group (CSI) were fed shrimp or small fish, whereas those in the control group (CSN) were starved. We identified 3279 proteins in the gastric tissue/stomach, of which 279 were significantly differentially expressed. In all, 133 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were upregulated and 146 proteins were downregulated in CSI compared with those in CSN C. nasus. In addition to gastric acid secretion caused by gastric distention, a functional analysis suggested that a series of DEPs were involved mainly in the regulation of protein digestion (e.g., carboxypeptidase A1 and chymotrypsin A-like), immune response (e.g., lysozyme and alpha 2-macroglobulin), and nutrition metabolism (e.g., glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycogenin, long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase, and creatine kinase). Real-time PCR confirmed that the mRNA levels of the DEPs were similar those obtained using iTRAQ. These results indicate that the nutrients obtained through food were effectively utilized by C. nasus, thereby providing energy for swimming, gonadal maturation, primary metabolism, and an enhanced immune function to better resist pathogen interference. This research contributes to the elucidation of nutritional regulation mechanisms of C. nasus to better protect the wild population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Ma
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Yinping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Denghua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China.
| | - Guojun Yin
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China.
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11
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Appetite regulating genes in zebrafish gut; a gene expression study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0255201. [PMID: 35853004 PMCID: PMC9295983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying molecular pathophysiology of feeding disorders, particularly in peripheral organs, is still largely unknown. A range of molecular factors encoded by appetite-regulating genes are already described to control feeding behaviour in the brain. However, the important role of the gastrointestinal tract in the regulation of appetite and feeding in connection to the brain has gained more attention in the recent years. An example of such inter-organ connection can be the signals mediated by leptin, a key regulator of body weight, food intake and metabolism, with conserved anorexigenic effects in vertebrates. Leptin signals functions through its receptor (lepr) in multiple organs, including the brain and the gastrointestinal tract. So far, the regulatory connections between leptin signal and other appetite-regulating genes remain unclear, particularly in the gastrointestinal system. In this study, we used a zebrafish mutant with impaired function of leptin receptor to explore gut expression patterns of appetite-regulating genes, under different feeding conditions (normal feeding, 7-day fasting, 2 and 6-hours refeeding). We provide evidence that most appetite-regulating genes are expressed in the zebrafish gut. On one hand, we did not observed significant differences in the expression of orexigenic genes (except for hcrt) after changes in the feeding condition. On the other hand, we found 8 anorexigenic genes in wild-types (cart2, cart3, dbi, oxt, nmu, nucb2a, pacap and pomc), as well as 4 genes in lepr mutants (cart3, kiss1, kiss1r and nucb2a), to be differentially expressed in the zebrafish gut after changes in feeding conditions. Most of these genes also showed significant differences in their expression between wild-type and lepr mutant. Finally, we observed that impaired leptin signalling influences potential regulatory connections between anorexigenic genes in zebrafish gut. Altogether, these transcriptional changes propose a potential role of leptin signal in the regulation of feeding through changes in expression of certain anorexigenic genes in the gastrointestinal tract of zebrafish.
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12
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Xu H, Lu X, Wang C, Ning J, Chen M, Wang Y, Yuan K. Potential Roles of PTEN on Longevity in Two Closely Related Argopecten Scallops With Distinct Lifespans. Front Physiol 2022; 13:872562. [PMID: 35903068 PMCID: PMC9317058 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.872562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) has been found to regulate longevity through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO pathway and maintenance of genome integrity in worms, flies, and mammals. However, limited information is available on the roles of PTEN in longevity of aquatic animals. Here we extended this paradigm using two closely related Argopecten scallops, Argopecten purpuratus, and Argopecten irradians, with significantly distinct life spans, which are commercially important bivalve species for fishery and aquaculture in China, United States, Peru, and Chile. The ORFs of the ApPTEN and AiPTEN were 1,476 and 1,473 bp, which encoded 491 and 490 amino acids, respectively. There were 48 synonymous and 16 non-synonymous SNPs and one InDel of three nucleotides between ApPTEN and AiPTEN, resulting in variations in 15 amino acids and lack of S453 in AiPTEN. Differences in conformation and posttranslational modification were predicted between ApPTEN and AiPTEN, which may indicate different activities of ApPTEN and AiPTEN. When the animals were subjected to nutrition restriction, the expression of both ApPTEN and AiPTEN was upregulated, with AiPTEN responded faster and more robust than ApPTEN. Ionizing radiation induced significantly elevated expression of ApPTNE but not AiPTEN in the adductor muscle, and the mortality rate of A. purpuratus was significantly lower than that of A. irradians, indicating that ApPTNE may play a protective role by maintaining the genome integrity. RNAi of ApPTNE significantly downregulated the expression of its downstream regulated genes known to favor longevity, such as FoxO, Mn-SOD, and CAT. These results indicated that PTEN may contribute to the longevity of A. purpuratus through regulation of nutrient availability and genomic stability, probably via PI3K/Akt/FoxO pathway. Our study may provide new evidence for understanding of the conservative functions of PTEN in regulation of lifespan in animals and human, and it may also benefit the selection of scallops strains with long lifespan and thus larger size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhi Xu
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Xia Lu
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- *Correspondence: Xia Lu,
| | - Chunde Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junhao Ning
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Min Chen
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Yuan
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Sugasawa T, Komine R, Manevich L, Tamai S, Takekoshi K, Kanki Y. Gene Expression Profile Provides Novel Insights of Fasting-Refeeding Response in Zebrafish Skeletal Muscle. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112239. [PMID: 35684038 PMCID: PMC9182819 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, fasting has been spotlighted from a healthcare perspective. However, the de-tailed biological mechanisms and significance by which the effects of fasting confer health benefits are not yet clear. Due to certain advantages of the zebrafish as a vertebrate model, it is widely utilized in biological studies. However, the biological responses to nutrient metabolism within zebrafish skeletal muscles have not yet been amply reported. Therefore, we aimed to reveal a gene expression profile in zebrafish skeletal muscles in response to fasting-refeeding. Accordingly, mRNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed to examine comprehensive gene expression changes in skeletal muscle tissues during fasting-refeeding. Our results produced a novel set of nutrition-related genes under a fasting-refeeding protocol. Moreover, we found that five genes were dramatically upregulated in each fasting (for 24 h) and refeeding (after 3 h), exhibiting a rapid response to the provided conditional changes. The assessment of the gene length revealed that the gene set whose expression was elevated only after 3 h of refeeding had a shorter length, suggesting that nutrition-related gene function is associated with gene length. Taken together, our results from the bioinformatics analyses provide new insights into biological mechanisms induced by fasting-refeeding conditions within zebrafish skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehito Sugasawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Examination and Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan; (T.S.); (S.T.)
- Department of Sports Medicine Analysis, Open Facility Network Office, Organization for Open Facility Initiatives, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan;
| | - Ritsuko Komine
- Department of Sports Medicine Analysis, Open Facility Network Office, Organization for Open Facility Initiatives, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan;
- Doctoral Program in Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Lev Manevich
- Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan;
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Tamai
- Laboratory of Clinical Examination and Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan; (T.S.); (S.T.)
- Department of Sport Science and Research, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, 3-15-1 Nishigaoka, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-0056, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takekoshi
- Laboratory of Clinical Examination and Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan; (T.S.); (S.T.)
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (Y.K.); Tel.: +81-29-853-3209 (K.T. & Y.K.)
| | - Yasuharu Kanki
- Laboratory of Clinical Examination and Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan; (T.S.); (S.T.)
- Department of Sports Medicine Analysis, Open Facility Network Office, Organization for Open Facility Initiatives, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan;
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (Y.K.); Tel.: +81-29-853-3209 (K.T. & Y.K.)
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14
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Jawahar J, McCumber AW, Lickwar CR, Amoroso CR, de la Torre Canny SG, Wong S, Morash M, Thierer JH, Farber SA, Bohannan BJM, Guillemin K, Rawls JF. Starvation causes changes in the intestinal transcriptome and microbiome that are reversed upon refeeding. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:225. [PMID: 35317738 PMCID: PMC8941736 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability of animals and their microbiomes to adapt to starvation and then restore homeostasis after refeeding is fundamental to their continued survival and symbiosis. The intestine is the primary site of nutrient absorption and microbiome interaction, however our understanding of intestinal adaptations to starvation and refeeding remains limited. Here we used RNA sequencing and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to uncover changes in the intestinal transcriptome and microbiome of zebrafish subjected to long-term starvation and refeeding compared to continuously fed controls. RESULTS Starvation over 21 days led to increased diversity and altered composition in the intestinal microbiome compared to fed controls, including relative increases in Vibrio and reductions in Plesiomonas bacteria. Starvation also led to significant alterations in host gene expression in the intestine, with distinct pathways affected at early and late stages of starvation. This included increases in the expression of ribosome biogenesis genes early in starvation, followed by decreased expression of genes involved in antiviral immunity and lipid transport at later stages. These effects of starvation on the host transcriptome and microbiome were almost completely restored within 3 days after refeeding. Comparison with published datasets identified host genes responsive to starvation as well as high-fat feeding or microbiome colonization, and predicted host transcription factors that may be involved in starvation response. CONCLUSIONS Long-term starvation induces progressive changes in microbiome composition and host gene expression in the zebrafish intestine, and these changes are rapidly reversed after refeeding. Our identification of bacterial taxa, host genes and host pathways involved in this response provides a framework for future investigation of the physiological and ecological mechanisms underlying intestinal adaptations to food restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanth Jawahar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Alexander W McCumber
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Colin R Lickwar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Caroline R Amoroso
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Sol Gomez de la Torre Canny
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sandi Wong
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Margaret Morash
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - James H Thierer
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Steven A Farber
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Brendan J M Bohannan
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - John F Rawls
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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15
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Jaiswal S, Nandi S, Iquebal MA, Jasrotia RS, Patra S, Mishra G, Udit UK, Sahu DK, Angadi UB, Meher PK, Routray P, Sundaray JK, Verma DK, Das P, Jayasankar P, Rai A, Kumar D. Revelation of candidate genes and molecular mechanism of reproductive seasonality in female rohu (Labeo rohita Ham.) by RNA sequencing. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:685. [PMID: 34548034 PMCID: PMC8456608 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carp fish, rohu (Labeo rohita Ham.) is important freshwater aquaculture species of South-East Asia having seasonal reproductive rhythm. There is no holistic study at transcriptome level revealing key candidate genes involved in such circannual rhythm regulated by biological clock genes (BCGs). Seasonality manifestation has two contrasting phases of reproduction, i.e., post-spawning resting and initiation of gonadal activity appropriate for revealing the associated candidate genes. It can be deciphered by RNA sequencing of tissues involved in BPGL (Brain-Pituitary-Gonad-Liver) axis controlling seasonality. How far such BCGs of this fish are evolutionarily conserved across different phyla is unknown. Such study can be of further use to enhance fish productivity as seasonality restricts seed production beyond monsoon season. RESULT A total of ~ 150 Gb of transcriptomic data of four tissues viz., BPGL were generated using Illumina TruSeq. De-novo assembled BPGL tissues revealed 75,554 differentially expressed transcripts, 115,534 SSRs, 65,584 SNPs, 514 pathways, 5379 transcription factors, 187 mature miRNA which regulates candidate genes represented by 1576 differentially expressed transcripts are available in the form of web-genomic resources. Findings were validated by qPCR. This is the first report in carp fish having 32 BCGs, found widely conserved in fish, amphibian, reptile, birds, prototheria, marsupials and placental mammals. This is due to universal mechanism of rhythmicity in response to environment and earth rotation having adaptive and reproductive significance. CONCLUSION This study elucidates evolutionary conserved mechanism of photo-periodism sensing, neuroendocrine secretion, metabolism and yolk synthesis in liver, gonadal maturation, muscular growth with sensory and auditory perception in this fish. Study reveals fish as a good model for research on biological clock besides its relevance in reproductive efficiency enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Jaiswal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Samiran Nandi
- ICAR- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odhisa India
| | - Mir Asif Iquebal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Singh Jasrotia
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunita Patra
- ICAR- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odhisa India
| | - Gayatri Mishra
- ICAR- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odhisa India
| | - Uday Kumar Udit
- ICAR- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odhisa India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Sahu
- ICAR- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odhisa India
| | - U. B. Angadi
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Prem Kumar Meher
- ICAR- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odhisa India
| | - Padmanav Routray
- ICAR- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odhisa India
| | | | | | - Paramananda Das
- ICAR- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odhisa India
| | | | - Anil Rai
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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16
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Pham LP, Jordal AEO, Nguyen MV, Rønnestad I. Food intake, growth, and expression of neuropeptides regulating appetite in clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris) exposed to predicted climate changes. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 304:113719. [PMID: 33476660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris) is a common model species in studies assessing the impact of climate changes on tropical coral fish physiology, metabolism, growth, and stress. However, the basic endocrine principles for the control of food intake and energy homeostasis, under normal and elevated sea temperatures, in this species remain unknown. In this work, we studied food intake and growth in clown anemonefish reared at different temperatures and with different food availability. We also analyzed expression of genes in the melanocortin system, which is believed to be involved in the control of appetite and feeding behavior. These were two paralogues of pomc: pomca and pomcb; two paralogs of agrp: agrp1 and agrp2; and one mc4r-like. Groups of juvenile clown anemonefish were exposed to four experimental treatments combining (orthogonal design) two rearing temperatures: 28 °C (T28; normal) and 32 °C (T32; high) and two feeding regimes: one (1 M; 08:00) or three (3 M; 08:00, 12:00, 15:00) meals per day, fed to satiety by hand. The results showed that high temperature (T32) did not affect the average growth rate but induced a stronger asymmetrical individual body weight of the fish within the population (tank). Lower feeding frequency (1 M) resulted in lower growth rates at both rearing temperatures. Fish reared at high temperature had higher total daily food intake, which correlated with a lower expression of pomca, supporting an anorexigenic role of this gene. High temperature combined with restricted feeding induced higher agrp1 levels and resulted in a higher food intake in the morning meal compared to the control. This supports an orexigenic role for agrp1. mRNA levels of agrp2 responded differently from agrp1, supporting different roles for the paralogues. Levels of mc4r-like inversely correlated with fish body weight, indicating a possible size/stage dependence of gene expression. In conclusion, our results indicate that the melanocortin system is involved in adjusting appetite and food intake of clown anemonefish in response to elevated temperature and low food availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh P Pham
- Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, Nha Trang, Viet Nam; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0520-7134
| | | | - Minh V Nguyen
- Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, Nha Trang, Viet Nam. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1805-4018
| | - Ivar Rønnestad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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17
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Ensminger DC, Salvador-Pascual A, Arango BG, Allen KN, Vázquez-Medina JP. Fasting ameliorates oxidative stress: A review of physiological strategies across life history events in wild vertebrates. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 256:110929. [PMID: 33647461 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fasting is a component of many species' life history due to environmental factors or behavioral patterns that limit access to food. Despite metabolic and physiological challenges associated with these life history stages, fasting-adapted wild vertebrates exhibit few if any signs of oxidative stress, suggesting that fasting promotes redox homeostasis. Here we review mammalian, avian, reptilian, amphibian, and piscine examples of animals undergoing fasting during prolonged metabolic suppression (e.g. hibernation and estivation) or energetically demanding processes (e.g. migration and breeding) to better understand the mechanisms underlying fasting tolerance in wild vertebrates. These studies largely show beneficial effects of fasting on redox balance via limited oxidative damage. Though some species exhibit signs of oxidative stress due to energetically or metabolically extreme processes, fasting wild vertebrates largely buffer themselves from the negative consequences of oxidative damage through specific strategies such as elevating antioxidants, selectively maintaining redox balance in critical tissues, or modifying behavioral patterns. We conclude with suggestions for future research to better elucidate the protective effects of fasting on oxidative stress as well as disentangle the impacts from other life history stages. Further research in these areas will facilitate our understanding of the mechanisms wild vertebrates use to mitigate the negative impacts associated with metabolically-extreme life history stages as well as potential translation into therapeutic interventions in non-fasting-adapted species including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Ensminger
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | | | - B Gabriela Arango
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Kaitlin N Allen
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
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18
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Purushothaman K, Tan JKH, Lau D, Saju JM, Thevasagayam NM, Wee CL, Vij S. Feed Restriction Modulates Growth, Gut Morphology and Gene Expression in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041814. [PMID: 33670431 PMCID: PMC7917766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A reduction in daily caloric or nutrient intake has been observed to promote health benefits in mammals and other vertebrates. Feed Restriction (FR), whereby the overall food intake of the organism is reduced, has been explored as a method to improve metabolic and immune health, as well as to optimize productivity in farming. However, less is known regarding the molecular and physiological consequences of FR. Using the model organism, Danio rerio, we investigated the impact of a short-term (month-long) FR on growth, gut morphology and gene expression. Our data suggest that FR has minimal effects on the average growth rates, but it may affect weight and size heterogeneity in a sex-dependent manner. In the gut, we observed a significant reduction in gut circumference and generally lower mucosal heights, whereas other parameters remained unchanged. Gene Ontology (GO), EuKaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis identified numerous metabolic, reproductive, and immune response pathways that were affected by FR. These results broaden our understanding of FR and contribute towards growing knowledge of its effects on vertebrate health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathiresan Purushothaman
- Reproductive Genomics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore; (K.P.); (D.L.); (J.M.S.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Jerryl Kim Han Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Dr, Singapore 138673, Singapore;
| | - Doreen Lau
- Reproductive Genomics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore; (K.P.); (D.L.); (J.M.S.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Jolly M. Saju
- Reproductive Genomics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore; (K.P.); (D.L.); (J.M.S.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Natascha M. Thevasagayam
- Reproductive Genomics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore; (K.P.); (D.L.); (J.M.S.); (N.M.T.)
| | - Caroline Lei Wee
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Dr, Singapore 138673, Singapore;
- Correspondence: (C.L.W.); (S.V.)
| | - Shubha Vij
- Reproductive Genomics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore; (K.P.); (D.L.); (J.M.S.); (N.M.T.)
- Correspondence: (C.L.W.); (S.V.)
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19
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Wang M, Xu G, Tang Y, Su S, Wang Y, Zhu Z. Investigation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Antioxidant Damage and Immune Response Downregulation in Liver of Coilia nasus Under Starvation Stress. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:622315. [PMID: 33732214 PMCID: PMC7959721 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.622315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Commercial fishing of estuarine tapertail anchovy (Coilia nasus), an important anadromous fish species in the Yangtze River of China, has been prohibited due to the serious damage overfishing has caused to the wild population. Research regarding the energy metabolism is important for migratory fish to ensure the continuation of their existence. In this study, we performed, for the first time, a comparative transcriptome analysis of the liver of C. nasus subjected to long-term starvation stress. The results indicated that the damaging effects involved downregulation of the antioxidant capacity and immune response. The positive response to starvation involved upregulation of the anti-allergy and anticancer capacity, which supports the function of starvation in cancer inhibition, as has also been determined for human beings. This study revealed regulatory pathways, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and mechanisms leading to damage of the liver in C. nasus affected by starvation. This research contributes information for the further study of the energy metabolism mechanism of C. nasus and provides a theoretical reference for starvation metabolism research of other fish species and even human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
- Aquatic Animal Genome Center of Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Gangchun Xu, ; Yongkai Tang,
| | - Yongkai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
- Aquatic Animal Genome Center of Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Gangchun Xu, ; Yongkai Tang,
| | - Shengyan Su
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
- Aquatic Animal Genome Center of Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Yinping Wang
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
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20
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Brenes-Soto A, Tye M, Esmail MY. The Role of Feed in Aquatic Laboratory Animal Nutrition and the Potential Impact on Animal Models and Study Reproducibility. ILAR J 2020; 60:197-215. [PMID: 33094819 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilaa006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Feed plays a central role in the physiological development of terrestrial and aquatic animals. Historically, the feeding practice of aquatic research species derived from aquaculture, farmed, or ornamental trades. These diets are highly variable, with limited quality control, and have been typically selected to provide the fastest growth or highest fecundity. These variations of quality and composition of diets may affect animal/colony health and can introduce confounding experimental variables into animal-based studies that impact research reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Brenes-Soto
- Department of Animal Science, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Marc Tye
- Zebrafish Core Facility, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michael Y Esmail
- Tufts Comparative Medicine Services, Tufts University Health Science Campus, Boston, Massachusetts
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21
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Fermented Oyster Extract Promotes Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1-Mediated Osteogenesis and Growth Rate. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18090472. [PMID: 32962034 PMCID: PMC7551862 DOI: 10.3390/md18090472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented oyster (Crassostrea gigas) extract (FO) prevents ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and activating osteogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying FO-mediated bone formation and growth rate are unclear. In the current study, we found that FO significantly upregulated the expression of growth-promoting genes in zebrafish larvae including insulin-like growth factor 1 (zigf-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (zigfbp-3), growth hormone-1 (zgh-1), growth hormone receptor-1 (zghr-1), growth hormone receptor alpha (zghra), glucokinase (zgck), and cholecystokinin (zccka). In addition, zebrafish larvae treated with 100 μg/mL FO increased in total body length (3.89 ± 0.13 mm) at 12 days post fertilization (dpf) compared to untreated larvae (3.69 ± 0.02 mm); this effect was comparable to that of the β-glycerophosphate-treated zebrafish larvae (4.00 ± 0.02 mm). Furthermore, FO time- and dose-dependently increased the extracellular release of IGF-1 from preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells, which was accompanied by high expression of IGF-1. Pharmacological inhibition of IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) using picropodophyllin (PPP) significantly reduced FO-mediated vertebrae formation (from 9.19 ± 0.31 to 5.53 ± 0.35) and growth performance (from 3.91 ± 0.02 to 3.69 ± 0.01 mm) in zebrafish larvae at 9 dpf. Similarly, PPP significantly decreased FO-induced calcium deposition in MC3T3-E1 cells by inhibiting GSK-3β phosphorylation at Ser9. Additionally, DOI hydrochloride, a potent stabilizer of GSK-3β, reduced FO-induced nuclear translocation of RUNX2. Transient knockdown of IGF-1Rα/β using specific silencing RNA also resulted in a significant decrease in calcium deposition and reduction in GSK-3β phosphorylation at Ser9 in MC3T3-E1 cells. Altogether, these results indicate that FO increased phosphorylated GSK-3β at Ser9 by activating the autocrine IGF-1-mediated IGF-1R signaling pathway, thereby promoting osteogenesis and growth performance. Therefore, FO is a potential nutritional supplement for bone formation and growth.
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22
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Ntantali O, Malandrakis EE, Abbink W, Golomazou E, Karapanagiotidis IT, Miliou H, Panagiotaki P. Whole brain transcriptomics of intermittently fed individuals of the marine teleost Sparus aurata. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 36:100737. [PMID: 32890972 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge in fish physiology is to understand the mechanisms underlying the transcriptomic responses of fish brain to food deprivation. Differential gene expression analysis identified in total 2240 transcripts that presented >2-fold change (adjusted p < 0.01) between each treatment and the control group (C). The identity of the transcripts was obtained with annotation against multiple public databases and they were grouped according to their expression patterns. The gene ontology terms that were substantially affected were identified by functional annotation analysis. Genes related to ion transport, cell cycle and cell adhesion were mainly regulated during fasting and refeeding. These findings contribute to identify key indicators for the molecular basis of brain functions during periods of starvation in gilthead seabream.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ntantali
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, Fitokou str., 38445 Volos, Greece.
| | - E E Malandrakis
- Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - W Abbink
- Animal Breeding & Genomics, Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - E Golomazou
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, Fitokou str., 38445 Volos, Greece
| | - I T Karapanagiotidis
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, Fitokou str., 38445 Volos, Greece
| | - H Miliou
- Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - P Panagiotaki
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, Fitokou str., 38445 Volos, Greece
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23
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Fan X, Hou T, Guan Y, Li X, Zhang S, Wang Z. Genomic responses of DNA methylation and transcript profiles in zebrafish cells upon nutrient deprivation stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137980. [PMID: 32208287 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stress such as nutrient deprivation across multiple fields in nature causes physiological and biochemical changes in organism. Understanding the potential epigenetic modulations to phenotypic variation upon nutrient deprivation stress is crucial for environmental assessments. Here, the methyl-cytosine at single-base resolution was mapped across the whole genome and the methylation patterns and methylation levels coordinated with transcript analysis were systemically elaborated in zebrafish embryonic fibroblast cells under serum starvation stress. The down-regulated genes mainly annotated to the pathways of DNA replication and cell cycle that were consistent with cell physiological changes. Vast differentially methylated regions were identified in genomic chromosome and showed enrichment in the intron and intergenic regions. In an integrated transcriptome and DNA methylation analyses, 135 negatively correlated genes were determined, wherein the hub genes of gins2, cdca5, fbxo5, slc29a2, suv39h1b, and zgc:174160 were predominant responsive to the nutrient condition changes. Besides, nutrient recovery and DNA methyltransferases inhibitor supplements partly rescued cell proliferation with decrease of DNA methylation and reactivation of several depressed genes, implying the possible intrinsic relationships among cell physiological state, mRNA expression, and DNA methylation. Collectively, current study proved the broad role of DNA methylation in governing cellular responses to nutrient deprivation and revealed the epigenetic risk of starvation stress in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoteng Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tingting Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yongjing Guan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiangju Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zaizhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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24
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Geng X, Guo J, Zhang L, Sun J, Zang X, Qiao Z, Xu C. Differential Proteomic Analysis of Chinese Giant Salamander Liver in Response to Fasting. Front Physiol 2020; 11:208. [PMID: 32256382 PMCID: PMC7093600 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus has strong tolerance to starvation. Fasting triggers a complex array of adaptive metabolic responses, a process in which the liver plays a central role. Here, a high-throughput proteomic analysis was carried out on liver samples obtained from adult A. davidianus after 3, 7, and 11 months of fasting. As a result, the expression levels of 364 proteins were significantly changed in the fasted liver. Functional analysis demonstrated that the expression levels of key proteins involved in fatty acid oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, gluconeogenesis, ketogenesis, amino acid oxidation, urea cycle, and antioxidant systems were increased in the fasted liver, especially at 7 and 11 months after fasting. In contrast, the expression levels of vital proteins involved in pentose phosphate pathway and protein synthesis were decreased after fasting. We also found that fasting not only activated fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis-related transcription factors PPARA and PPARGC1A, but also activated gluconeogenesis-related transcription factors FOXO1, HNF4A, and KLF15. This study confirms the central role of lipid and acetyl-CoA metabolism in A. davidianus liver in response to fasting at the protein level and provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic response of A. davidianus liver to fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Geng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jianlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiyao Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiayan Zang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhigang Qiao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Cunshuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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25
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Schartl M, Kneitz S, Volkoff H, Adolfi M, Schmidt C, Fischer P, Minx P, Tomlinson C, Meyer A, Warren WC. The Piranha Genome Provides Molecular Insight Associated to Its Unique Feeding Behavior. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 11:2099-2106. [PMID: 31282935 PMCID: PMC6681833 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The piranha enjoys notoriety due to its infamous predatory behavior but much is still not understood about its evolutionary origins and the underlying molecular mechanisms for its unusual feeding biology. We sequenced and assembled the red-bellied piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri) genome to aid future phenotypic and genetic investigations. The assembled draft genome is similar to other related fishes in repeat composition and gene count. Our evaluation of genes under positive selection suggests candidates for adaptations of piranhas’ feeding behavior in neural functions, behavior, and regulation of energy metabolism. In the fasted brain, we find genes differentially expressed that are involved in lipid metabolism and appetite regulation as well as genes that may control the aggression/boldness behavior of hungry piranhas. Our first analysis of the piranha genome offers new insight and resources for the study of piranha biology and for feeding motivation and starvation in other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Schartl
- Physiologische Chemie, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Clinic Würzburg, Germany.,Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University.,Department of Biology, Texas A&M University
| | - Susanne Kneitz
- Physiologische Chemie, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helene Volkoff
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Canada
| | - Mateus Adolfi
- Physiologische Chemie, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schmidt
- Physiologische Chemie, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Petra Fischer
- Physiologische Chemie, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Minx
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Chad Tomlinson
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Axel Meyer
- Chair in Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany
| | - Wesley C Warren
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine.,Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri
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26
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Montalbano G, Levanti M, Abbate F, Laurà R, Cavallaro M, Guerrera MC, Germanà A. Expression of ghrelin and leptin in the chemosensory system of adult zebrafish. Ann Anat 2020; 229:151460. [PMID: 31978567 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Numerous data show that the chemosensory system seems to be modulated by changes in the circulating levels of different molecules such as ghrelin, orexin, leptin, NPY, CCK. The chemosensory system of the zebrafish is represented by the taste buds (skin, oral and oropharyngeal), the olfactory rosette and the solitary chemosensorial cells (SCCs). The purpose of our study was to analyze the distribution of two peripheral hormones such as ghrelin and leptin in the chemosensory organs of the zebrafish. Our results demonstrated the presence of immunoreaction for all antibodies used in the zebrafish chemosensory organs even if with different distribution. In particular, IR was observed for ghrelin in the olfactory rosette while IR for leptin was found in the olfactory rosette, in the skin and oropharyngeal taste buds and in the gills. Both these hormones were detected in the intestine, used as a control.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Montalbano
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
| | - M Levanti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy.
| | - F Abbate
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
| | - R Laurà
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
| | - M Cavallaro
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
| | - M C Guerrera
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
| | - A Germanà
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Neuromorphology Lab, Italy
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27
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Fan X, Hou T, Sun T, Zhu L, Zhang S, Tang K, Wang Z. Starvation stress affects the maternal development and larval fitness in zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 695:133897. [PMID: 31425978 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The starvation is a common and severe stress for animal survival and development. In aquatic environment, many fish suffer starvation stress in different extent because of the natural migration or feed limitation. When subjected to starved conditions, organisms will employ various adaptive physiological, biochemical, and behavioral changes to regulate metabolism and maintain homeostasis. In the present study, adult female zebrafish were deprived of feed for 1 to 3 weeks to detect the starved effects on adults and larvae. The results showed that biological indexes, RNA/DNA ratios, and nutritional indexes significantly decreased in the female fish after starvation. The number of mature follicles reduced while the average spawning diameter of oocytes increased. For the larvae, the maternal starvation stress distinctly delayed embryonic hatching, decreased larval body length, disrupted larval swimming ability, and reduced survival rate at early-life stages. Furthermore, we found that DNA methylation might conduce to the downregulated mRNA expression of anti-Müllerian hormone and cytochrome P450 aromatase in retarded ovaries under starved conditions. Significant effects on autophagic transcription were shown in maternal ovary and larvae responded to starvation stress. Taken together, our study systematically revealed the reproductive impairments of starvation stress and would facilitate the investigation of environmental stress in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoteng Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tingting Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tianzi Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Long Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Kui Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zaizhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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28
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Jia J, Qin J, Yuan X, Liao Z, Huang J, Wang B, Sun C, Li W. Microarray and metabolome analysis of hepatic response to fasting and subsequent refeeding in zebrafish (Danio rerio). BMC Genomics 2019; 20:919. [PMID: 31791229 PMCID: PMC6889435 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6309-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Compensatory growth refers to the phenomenon in which organisms grow faster after the improvement of an adverse environment and is thought to be an adaptive evolution to cope with the alleviation of the hostile environment. Many fish have the capacity for compensatory growth, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, microarray and nontargeted metabolomics were performed to characterize the transcriptome and metabolome of zebrafish liver during compensatory growth. Results Zebrafish could regain the weight they lost during 3 weeks of fasting and reach a final weight similar to that of fish fed ad libitum when refed for 15 days. When refeeding for 3 days, the liver displayed hyperplasia accompanied with decreased triglyceride contents and increased glycogen contents. The microarray results showed that when food was resupplied for 3 days, the liver TCA cycle (Tricarboxylic acid cycle) and oxidative phosphorylation processes were upregulated, while DNA replication and repair, as well as proteasome assembly were also activated. Integration of transcriptome and metabolome data highlighted transcriptionally driven alterations in metabolism during compensatory growth, such as altered glycolysis and lipid metabolism activities. The metabolome data also implied the participation of amino acid metabolism during compensatory growth in zebrafish liver. Conclusion Our study provides a global resource for metabolic adaptations and their transcriptional regulation during refeeding in zebrafish liver. This study represents a first step towards understanding of the impact of metabolism on compensatory growth and will potentially aid in understanding the molecular mechanism associated with compensatory growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jingkai Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zongzhen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jinfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China.,Present address: Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Caiyun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wensheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Marnis H, Kania PW, Syahputra K, Zuo S, Dirks RP, Buchmann K. Transcriptomic analysis of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) liver infected with Contracaecum osculatum third stage larvae indicates parasitic effects on growth and immune response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:965-976. [PMID: 31419536 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High infection levels due to third-stage larvae of the anisakid nematode Contracaecum osculatum have been documented in cod from the eastern part of the Baltic sea during the latest decades. The nematode larvae mainly infect the liver of Baltic cod and prevalence of infection has reached 100% with a mean intensity up to 80 parasites per host in certain areas and size classes. Low condition factors of the cod have been observed concomitant with the rise in parasite abundance suggesting a parasitic effect on growth parameters. To investigate any association between parasite infection and physiological status of the host we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of liver obtained from C. osculatum infected and non-infected cod. A total of 47,025 predicted gene models showed expression in cod liver and sequences corresponding to 2084 (4.43%) unigenes were differentially expressed in infected liver when compared to non-infected liver. Of the differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) 1240 unigenes were up-regulated while 844 unigenes were down-regulated. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that 1304 DEGs were represented in cellular process and single-organism process, cell and cell part, binding and catalytic activity. As determined by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) Pathways analysis, 454 DEGs were involved in 138 pathways. Ninety-seven genes were related to metabolic pathways including carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. Thirteen regulated genes were playing a role in immune response such as Toll-like receptor signaling, NOD-like receptor signaling, RIG-I-like receptor signalling and thirty-six genes were associated with growth processes. This indicates that the nematode infection in Baltic cod may affect on molecular mechanisms involving metabolism, immune function and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huria Marnis
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Per W Kania
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Khairul Syahputra
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Shaozhi Zuo
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Ron P Dirks
- Future Genomics Technologies B.V, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kurt Buchmann
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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30
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Charlton‐Perkins M, Almeida AD, MacDonald RB, Harris WA. Genetic control of cellular morphogenesis in Müller glia. Glia 2019; 67:1401-1411. [PMID: 30924555 PMCID: PMC6563441 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell shape is critical for the proper function of every cell in every tissue in the body. This is especially true for the highly morphologically diverse neural and glia cells of the central nervous system. The molecular processes by which these, or indeed any, cells gain their particular cell-specific morphology remain largely unexplored. To identify the genes involved in the morphogenesis of the principal glial cell type in the vertebrate retina, the Müller glia (MG), we used genomic and CRISPR based strategies in zebrafish (Danio rerio). We identified 41 genes involved in various aspects of MG cell morphogenesis and revealed a striking concordance between the sequential steps of anatomical feature addition and the expression of cohorts of functionally related genes that regulate these steps. We noted that the many of the genes preferentially expressed in zebrafish MG showed conservation in glia across species suggesting evolutionarily conserved glial developmental pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Charlton‐Perkins
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Alexandra D. Almeida
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Ryan B. MacDonald
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School and the Bateson CentreUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - William A. Harris
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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Striberny A, Jørgensen EH, Klopp C, Magnanou E. Arctic charr brain transcriptome strongly affected by summer seasonal growth but only subtly by feed deprivation. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:529. [PMID: 31248377 PMCID: PMC6598377 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5874-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) has a highly seasonal feeding cycle that comprises long periods of voluntary fasting and a short but intense feeding period during summer. Therefore, the charr represents an interesting species for studying appetite-regulating mechanisms in fish. Results In this study, we compared the brain transcriptomes of fed and feed deprived charr over a 4 weeks trial during their summer feeding season. Despite prominent differences in body condition between fed and feed deprived charr at the end of the trial, feed deprivation affected the brain transcriptome only slightly. In contrast, the transcriptome differed markedly over time in both fed and feed deprived charr, indicating strong shifts in basic cell metabolic processes possibly due to season, growth, temperature, or combinations thereof. The GO enrichment analysis revealed that many biological processes appeared to change in the same direction in both fed and feed deprived fish. In the feed deprived charr processes linked to oxygen transport and apoptosis were down- and up-regulated, respectively. Known genes encoding for appetite regulators did not respond to feed deprivation. Gene expression of Deiodinase 2 (DIO2), an enzyme implicated in the regulation of seasonal processes in mammals, was lower in response to season and feed deprivation. We further found a higher expression of VGF (non-acronymic) in the feed deprived than in the fed fish. This gene encodes for a neuropeptide associated with the control of energy metabolism in mammals, and has not been studied in relation to regulation of appetite and energy homeostasis in fish. Conclusions In the Arctic charr, external and endogenous seasonal factors for example the increase in temperature and their circannual growth cycle, respectively, evoke much stronger responses in the brain than 4 weeks feed deprivation. The absence of a central hunger response in feed deprived charr give support for a strong resilience to the lack of food in this high Arctic species. DIO2 and VGF may play a role in the regulation of energy homeostasis and need to be further studied in seasonal fish. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5874-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Striberny
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Even H Jørgensen
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christophe Klopp
- Plateforme Bioinformatique Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées UBIA, INRA, Auzeville Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Elodie Magnanou
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, BIOM, F-66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
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32
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Huang V, Butler AA, Lubin FD. Telencephalon transcriptome analysis of chronically stressed adult zebrafish. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1379. [PMID: 30718621 PMCID: PMC6361922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress leads to disruptions in learning and memory processes. The effects of chronic stress experience on the adult zebrafish brain, particularly the memory associated telencephalon brain region, is unclear. The goal of this study was to identify gene expression changes in the adult zebrafish brain triggered by chronic unpredictable stress. Transcriptome analysis of the telencephalon revealed 155 differentially expressed genes. Of these genes, some are critical genes involved in learning and memory, such as cdk5 and chrna7, indicating effects of chronic unpredictable stress on zebrafish memory. Interestingly, several genes were annotated in the Orange domain, which is an amino acid sequence present in eukaryotic DNA-binding transcription repressors. Furthermore, we identified hsd11b2, a cortisol inactivating gene, as chronic stress-responsive in the whole zebrafish brain. Collectively, these findings suggest that memory associated gene expression changes in adult zebrafish telencephalon are affected by chronic stress experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Huang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Anderson A Butler
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Farah D Lubin
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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33
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Tamaoki K, Ishihara A, Yamauchi K. Expression pattern and histone acetylation of energy metabolic genes in Xenopus laevis liver in response to diet statuses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2018; 331:120-127. [PMID: 30460762 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Amphibians can survive without food for relatively longer periods by reducing the locomotor activity and metabolic rate and can recover quickly with refeeding from a dormant state. To clarify the molecular mechanism underlying this survival strategy, we investigated serum biochemical parameters, the transcript levels of energy metabolic genes, and global and gene-specific histone modifications in the liver of adult male Xenopus laevis, which were fed, fasted, or refed after fasting. Glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, and free fatty-acid levels in sera decreased with fasting for 22 days, with only glucose levels recovered with 1 day of refeeding. The transcript levels of two-thirds of energy metabolic genes tested decreased with fasting for 22 days and partially recovered with 1 day of refeeding. The transcript levels of gluconeogenesis and lipid catabolism genes did not increase with fasting for 22 days. The Western blot analysis revealed no significant differences in the amounts of acetylated and methylated histones in the liver among the three groups on Day 22. The amounts of acetylated histone H4 did not change in diet-response genes, although the transcript levels of these genes quickly responded to fasting and refeeding. Our results indicate that Xenopus liver may respond to fasting toward an overall decrease in transcriptional activity and to refeeding toward quick recovery, despite no significant changes in histone acetylation level. This unusual unresponsiveness of histone acetylation to diet conditions may serve as an effective adaptation strategy to minimize energy demands during fasting and to quickly respond to refeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Tamaoki
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akinori Ishihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yamauchi
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
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34
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Simon O, Barjhoux I, Camilleri V, Gagnaire B, Cavalié I, Orjollet D, Darriau F, Pereira S, Beaugelin-Seillers K, Adam-Guillermin C. Uptake, depuration, dose estimation and effects in zebrafish exposed to Am-241 via dietary route. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2018; 193-194:68-74. [PMID: 30199762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish were chronically exposed to Am-241, an alpha-emitting radionuclide via daily consumption of an enriched artificial diet. Am-241 uptake was quantified in Danio rerio after 5 and 21 days of exposure via daily Am-spiked food ingestion and after 21 days of exposure followed by 5 days of depuration. Americium accumulates mostly in digestive tract, muscle, rest of the body but the accumulation levels and trophic transfer rate (0.033-0.013%) were low. Corresponding cumulative doses were calculated for the whole body (9 mGy) and for the digestive tract (42 mGy) with internal alpha radiation contributing to more than 99% of the total dose. Genotoxic effects (gamma-H2AX assay) and differential gene expressions of main biological functions were examined. Although fish were exposed to a low dose rate of 13 μGy h-1, DNA integrity and gene expression linked to oxidative stress, hormonal signaling and spermatogenesis were altered after 21 days of Am-241 exposure. These results underline the higher toxicity of alpha emitter Am-241, as compared to other studies on gamma radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Simon
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France.
| | - I Barjhoux
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - V Camilleri
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - B Gagnaire
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - I Cavalié
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - D Orjollet
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LR2T, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - F Darriau
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - S Pereira
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - K Beaugelin-Seillers
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - C Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) PSE ENV SRTE LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France
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35
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Lahne M, Piekos SM, O'Neill J, Ackerman KM, Hyde DR. Photo-regulation of rod precursor cell proliferation. Exp Eye Res 2018; 178:148-159. [PMID: 30267656 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Teleosts are unique in their ability to undergo persistent neurogenesis and to regenerate damaged and lost retinal neurons in adults. This contrasts with the human retina, which is incapable of replacing lost retinal neurons causing vision loss/blindness in the affected individuals. Two cell populations within the adult teleost retina generate new retinal neurons throughout life. Stem cells within the ciliary marginal zone give rise to all retinal cell types except for rod photoreceptors, which are produced by the resident Müller glia that are located within the inner nuclear layer of the entire retina. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate the generation of photoreceptors in the adult teleost retina may ultimately aid developing strategies to overcome vision loss in diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa. Here, we investigated whether photic deprivation alters the proliferative capacity of rod precursor cells, which are generated from Müller glia. In dark-adapted retinas, rod precursor cell proliferation increased, while the number of proliferating Müller glia and their derived olig2:EGFP-positive neuronal progenitor cells was not significantly changed. Cell death of rod photoreceptors was excluded as the inducer of rod precursor cell proliferation, as the number of TUNEL-positive cells and l-plastin-positive microglia in both the outer (ONL) and inner nuclear layer (INL) remained at a similar level throughout the dark-adaptation timecourse. Rod precursor cell proliferation in response to dark-adaptation was characterized by an increased number of EdU-positive cells, i.e. cells that were undergoing DNA replication. These proliferating rod precursor cells in dark-adapted zebrafish differentiated into rod photoreceptors at a comparable percentage and in a similar time frame as those maintained under standard light conditions suggesting that the cell cycle did not stall in dark-adapted retinas. Inhibition of IGF1-receptor signaling reduced the dark-adaptation-mediated proliferation response; however, caloric restriction which has been suggested to be integrated by the IGF1/growth hormone signaling axis did not influence rod precursor cell proliferation in dark-adapted retinas, as similar numbers were observed in starved and normal fed zebrafish. In summary, photic deprivation induces cell cycle entry of rod precursor cells via IGF1-receptor signaling independent of Müller glia proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Lahne
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and The Center for Zebrafish Research, Galvin Life Sciences Building, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Samantha M Piekos
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and The Center for Zebrafish Research, Galvin Life Sciences Building, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - John O'Neill
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and The Center for Zebrafish Research, Galvin Life Sciences Building, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Kristin M Ackerman
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and The Center for Zebrafish Research, Galvin Life Sciences Building, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - David R Hyde
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and The Center for Zebrafish Research, Galvin Life Sciences Building, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
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36
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Liu Z, Tan X, Orozco-terWengel P, Zhou X, Zhang L, Tian S, Yan Z, Xu H, Ren B, Zhang P, Xiang Z, Sun B, Roos C, Bruford MW, Li M. Population genomics of wild Chinese rhesus macaques reveals a dynamic demographic history and local adaptation, with implications for biomedical research. Gigascience 2018; 7:5079661. [PMID: 30165519 PMCID: PMC6143732 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giy106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The rhesus macaque (RM, Macaca mulatta) is the most important nonhuman primate model in biomedical research. We present the first genomic survey of wild RMs, sequencing 81 geo-referenced individuals of five subspecies from 17 locations in China, a large fraction of the species’ natural distribution. Results Populations were structured into five genetic lineages on the mainland and Hainan Island, recapitulating current subspecies designations. These subspecies are estimated to have diverged 125.8 to 51.3 thousand years ago, but feature recent gene flow. Consistent with the expectation of a larger body size in colder climates and smaller body size in warmer climates (Bergman's rule), the northernmost RM lineage (M. m. tcheliensis), possessing the largest body size of all Chinese RMs, and the southernmost lineage (M. m. brevicaudus), with the smallest body size of all Chinese RMs, feature positively selected genes responsible for skeletal development. Further, two candidate selected genes (Fbp1, Fbp2) found in M. m. tcheliensis are involved in gluconeogenesis, potentially maintaining stable blood glucose levels during starvation when food resources are scarce in winter. The tropical subspecies M. m. brevicaudus showed positively selected genes related to cardiovascular function and response to temperature stimuli, potentially involved in tropical adaptation. We found 118 single-nucleotide polymorphisms matching human disease-causing variants with 82 being subspecies specific. Conclusions These data provide a resource for selection of RMs in biomedical experiments. The demographic history of Chinese RMs and their history of local adaption offer new insights into their evolution and provide valuable baseline information for biomedical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijin Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinxin Tan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pablo Orozco-terWengel
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
| | - Xuming Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Liye Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shilin Tian
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Jiuxianqiao North Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhongze Yan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Huailiang Xu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Baoping Ren
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guang Zhou, 510275, China
| | - Zuofu Xiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Binghua Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Christian Roos
- Gene Bank of Primates and Primate Genetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Michael W Bruford
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
| | - Ming Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
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37
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Garcia-Suarez O, Cabo R, Abbate F, Randazzo B, Laurà R, Piccione G, Germanà A, Levanti M. Presence and distribution of leptin and its receptor in the gut of adult zebrafish in response to feeding and fasting. Anat Histol Embryol 2018; 47:456-465. [PMID: 29998487 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Leptin is an anorectic hormone secreted mainly by peripheral adipocytes but also by other central and peripheral tissues. It acts by means of a receptor called OB-R, influencing not only appetite and body mass but being also involved in many fields like endocrinology, metabolism and reproduction. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR techniques were, respectively, used to demonstrate the presence of leptin and its receptor in the gut of adult zebrafish and to evaluate the leptin gene expression response to feeding and fasting. Immunoreactivity for the antibodies utilized was demonstrated in feeding but not in fasting fish, and the gene expression analysis corroborates the data obtained by immunohistochemistry. Therefore, all the obtained results support the hypothesis of the role of this hormone in food regulation in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Garcia-Suarez
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Roberto Cabo
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Francesco Abbate
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Università di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy
| | - Basilio Randazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rosaria Laurà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Università di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Università di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Germanà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Università di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Levanti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Università di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy
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Differential gene expression revealed with RNA-Seq and parallel genotype selection of the ornithine decarboxylase gene in fish inhabiting polluted areas. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4820. [PMID: 29556088 PMCID: PMC5859300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
How organisms adapt to unfavorable environmental conditions by means of plasticity or selection of favorable genetic variants is a central issue in evolutionary biology. In the Maipo River basin, the fish Basilichthys microlepidotus inhabits polluted and non-polluted areas. Previous studies have suggested that directional selection drives genomic divergence between these areas in 4% of Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) loci, but the underlying genes and functions remain unknown. We hypothesized that B. microlepidotus in this basin has plastic and/or genetic responses to these conditions. Using RNA-Seq, we identified differentially expressed genes in individuals from two polluted sites compared with fish inhabiting non-polluted sites. In one polluted site, the main upregulated genes were related to cellular proliferation as well as suppression and progression of tumors, while biological processes and molecular functions involved in apoptotic processes were overrepresented in the upregulated genes of the second polluted site. The ornithine decarboxylase gene (related to tumor promotion and progression), which was overexpressed in both polluted sites, was sequenced, and a parallel pattern of a heterozygote deficiency and increase of the same homozygote genotype in both polluted sites compared with fish inhabiting the non-polluted sites was detected. These results suggest the occurrence of both a plastic response in gene expression and an interplay between phenotypic change and genotypic selection in the face of anthropogenic pollution.
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39
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Mechaly AS, Richardson E, Rinkwitz S. Activity of etv5a and etv5b genes in the hypothalamus of fasted zebrafish is influenced by serotonin. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 246:233-240. [PMID: 28041791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin has been implicated in the inhibition of food intake in vertebrates. However, the mechanisms through which serotonin acts has yet to be elucidated. Recently, ETV5 (ets variant gene 5) has been associated with obesity and food intake control mechanisms in mammals. We have analyzed a putative physiological function of the two etv5 paralogous genes (etv5a and etv5b) in neuronal food intake control in adult zebrafish that have been exposed to different nutritional conditions. A feeding assay was established and fluoxetine, a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI), was applied. Gene expression changes in the hypothalamus were determined using real-time PCR. Fasting induced an up-regulation of etv5a and etv5b in the hypothalamus, whereas increased serotonin levels in the fasted fish counteracted the increase in expression. To investigate potential mechanisms the expression of further food intake control genes was determined. The results show that an increase of serotonin in fasting fish causes a reduction in the activity of genes stimulating food intake. This is in line with a previously demonstrated anorexigenic function of serotonin. Our results suggest that obesity-associated ETV5 has a food intake stimulating function and that this function is modulated through serotonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro S Mechaly
- Dept. of Physiology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia.
| | - Ebony Richardson
- Dept. of Physiology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - Silke Rinkwitz
- Dept. of Physiology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia.
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Leulier F, MacNeil LT, Lee WJ, Rawls JF, Cani PD, Schwarzer M, Zhao L, Simpson SJ. Integrative Physiology: At the Crossroads of Nutrition, Microbiota, Animal Physiology, and Human Health. Cell Metab 2017; 25:522-534. [PMID: 28273475 PMCID: PMC6200423 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition is paramount in shaping all aspects of animal biology. In addition, the influence of the intestinal microbiota on physiology is now widely recognized. Given that diet also shapes the intestinal microbiota, this raises the question of how the nutritional environment and microbial assemblages together influence animal physiology. This research field constitutes a new frontier in the field of organismal biology that needs to be addressed. Here we review recent studies using animal models and humans and propose an integrative framework within which to define the study of the diet-physiology-microbiota systems and ultimately link it to human health. Nutritional Geometry sits centrally in the proposed framework and offers means to define diet compositions that are optimal for individuals and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Leulier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
| | - Lesley T MacNeil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4K1, Canada; Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4K1, Canada; Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4K1, Canada
| | - Won-Jae Lee
- School of Biological Science, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hologenomics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - John F Rawls
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for the Genomics of Microbial Systems, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Schwarzer
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Liping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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Mente E, Pierce GJ, Antonopoulou E, Stead D, Martin SAM. Postprandial hepatic protein expression in trout Oncorhynchus mykiss a proteomics examination. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 9:79-85. [PMID: 28955992 PMCID: PMC5614473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Following a meal, a series of physiological changes occurs in animals as they digest, absorb and assimilate ingested nutrients, the kinetics of these responses depends on metabolic rate and nutrient quality. Here we investigated the hepatic proteome in the ectothermic teleost, the rainbow trout, following a single meal to define the postprandial expression of hepatic proteins. The fish were fed a high marine fishmeal/fish oil single meal following a period of 24 h without feeding. Liver protein profiles were examined by 2D gel electrophoresis just before feeding (time 0 h) and at 6 and 12 h after feeding. Of a total of 588 protein spots analysed in a temporal fashion, 49 differed significantly in abundance between the three time groups (ANOVA, p<0.05), before and after feeding, 15 were increased and 34 were decreased in abundance after feeding. Amino acid metabolism-regulated proteins such as phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase and proliferating cell antigen were increased in abundance 12 and 6 h following the meal, suggesting by this time that the fish were increasing their protein turnover to utilize efficiently their dietary protein consumption. Overall, these results highlight some specificity of the trout metabolism and identify postprandial response of metabolism-related proteins 6–12 h after feeding a single meal. The effect of a single meal on the postprandial expression of hepatic proteins in fish is shown. Temporal changes occurred in the trout liver proteome following a single meal. There is a postprandial response of metabolism-related proteins 6–12 h after feeding a single meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Mente
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.,Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Graham J Pierce
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.,CESAM & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Efthimia Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - David Stead
- Aberdeen Proteomics, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Samuel A M Martin
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Volkoff H, Sabioni RE, Cyrino JEP. Appetite regulating factors in dourado, Salminus brasiliensis: cDNA cloning and effects of fasting and feeding on gene expression. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 237:34-42. [PMID: 27468955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The dourado, Salminus brasiliensis (Cuvier, 1816) is a freshwater piscivorous Characin native to South American rivers. Owing to the high quality of its flesh and its fast growth, it is the object of both capture fisheries and fish farming. However, very little is known about the endocrine regulation of feeding and metabolism of dourado. In this study, cDNAs for orexin, CART and CCK were isolated in dourado, and their mRNA tissue distributions examined. In order to assess the role of these peptides in the regulation of feeding of dourado, the effects of fasting and feeding on mRNA expression levels of orexin, CART and CCK in the brain as well as CCK in the intestine were assessed. Whereas orexin and CCK have widespread mRNA distributions in the brain and peripheral organs, CART seems to be mostly limited to the brain. Orexin brain expression increased with fasting and displayed periprandial changes, suggesting it is involved in both long- and short-term regulation of feeding and appetite. CART and CCK hypothalamic expressions were not affected by fasting, but displayed periprandial changes with post-feeding decreases, suggesting roles in short-term satiation. CCK expression in the anterior intestine was not affected by fasting and did not display periprandial changes. Overall, our results suggest that orexin, CART and CCK are involved in the physiology of feeding of dourado.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Volkoff
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B3X9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B3X9, Canada.
| | - Rafael Estevan Sabioni
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Setor de Piscicultura, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - José Eurico Possebon Cyrino
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Setor de Piscicultura, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Bougas B, Normandeau E, Grasset J, Defo MA, Campbell PGC, Couture P, Bernatchez L. Transcriptional response of yellow perch to changes in ambient metal concentrations-A reciprocal field transplantation experiment. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 173:132-142. [PMID: 26867186 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent local adaptation to pollution has been evidenced in several organisms inhabiting environments heavily contaminated by metals. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation to high metal concentrations are poorly understood, especially in fishes. Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) populations from lakes in the mining area of Rouyn-Noranda (QC, Canada) have been faced with metal contamination for about 90 years. Here, we examine gene transcription patterns of fish reciprocally transplanted between a reference and a metal-contaminated lake and also fish caged in their native lake. After four weeks, 111 genes were differentially transcribed in metal-naïve fish transferred to the metal-contaminated lake, revealing a plastic response to metal exposure. Genes involved in the citric cycle and beta-oxidation pathways were under-transcribed, suggesting a potential strategy to mitigate the effects of metal stress by reducing energy turnover. However, metal-contaminated fish transplanted to the reference lake did not show any transcriptomic response, indicating a reduced plastic response capability to sudden reduction in metal concentrations. Moreover, the transcription of other genes, especially ones involved in energy metabolism, was affected by caging. Overall, our results highlight environmental stress response mechanisms in yellow perch at the transcriptomic level and support a rapid adaptive response to metal exposure through genetic assimilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bérénice Bougas
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec (Québec) G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Eric Normandeau
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec (Québec) G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Julie Grasset
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec (Québec) G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Michel A Defo
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec (Québec) G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Peter G C Campbell
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec (Québec) G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Patrice Couture
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec (Québec) G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Louis Bernatchez
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec (Québec) G1V 0A6, Canada
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Liver Transcriptome Analysis of the Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) during Fasting by Using RNA-Seq. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150240. [PMID: 26967898 PMCID: PMC4788198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is an economically important fish species in Chinese mariculture industry. To understand the molecular basis underlying the response to fasting, Illumina HiSeqTM 2000 was used to analyze the liver transcriptome of fasting large yellow croakers. A total of 54,933,550 clean reads were obtained and assembled into 110,364 contigs. Annotation to the NCBI database identified a total of 38,728 unigenes, of which 19,654 were classified into Gene Ontology and 22,683 were found in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Comparative analysis of the expression profiles between fasting fish and normal-feeding fish identified a total of 7,623 differentially expressed genes (P < 0.05), including 2,500 upregulated genes and 5,123 downregulated genes. Dramatic differences were observed in the genes involved in metabolic pathways such as fat digestion and absorption, citrate cycle, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and the similar results were also found in the transcriptome of skeletal muscle. Further qPCR analysis confirmed that the genes encoding the factors involved in those pathways significantly changed in terms of expression levels. The results of the present study provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic response of the large yellow croaker to fasting as well as identified areas that require further investigation.
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Grécias L, Hébert FO, Berger CS, Barber I, Aubin-Horth N. Can the behaviour of threespine stickleback parasitized with Schistocephalus solidus be replicated by manipulating host physiology? J Exp Biol 2016; 220:237-246. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.151456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sticklebacks infected by the parasitic flatworm Schistocephalus solidus show dramatic changes in phenotype, including a loss of species-typical behavioural responses to predators. The timing of host behaviour change coincides with the development of infectivity of the parasite to the final host (a piscivorous bird), making it an ideal model for studying the mechanisms of infection-induced behavioural modification. However, whether the loss of host anti-predator behaviour results from direct manipulation by the parasite, or is a by-product (e.g. host immune response) or side-effect of infection (e.g. energetic loss), remains controversial. To understand the physiological mechanisms that generate these behavioural changes, we quantified the behavioural profiles of experimentally infected fish and attempted to replicate these in non-parasitized fish by exposing them to treatments including immunity activation and fasting, or by pharmacologically inhibiting the stress axis. All fish were screened for the following behaviours: activity, water depth preference, sociability, phototaxis, anti-predator response and latency to feed. We were able to change individual behaviours with certain treatments. Our results suggest that the impact of S. solidus on the stickleback might be of a multifactorial nature. The behaviour changes observed in infected fish may be due to the combined effects of modifying the serotonergic axis, the lack of energy, and the activation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Grécias
- Département de Biologie et Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - François-Olivier Hébert
- Département de Biologie et Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chloé Suzanne Berger
- Département de Biologie et Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iain Barber
- Department of Biology, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Aubin-Horth
- Département de Biologie et Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
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Kalueff AV, Echevarria DJ, Homechaudhuri S, Stewart AM, Collier AD, Kaluyeva AA, Li S, Liu Y, Chen P, Wang J, Yang L, Mitra A, Pal S, Chaudhuri A, Roy A, Biswas M, Roy D, Podder A, Poudel MK, Katare DP, Mani RJ, Kyzar EJ, Gaikwad S, Nguyen M, Song C. Zebrafish neurobehavioral phenomics for aquatic neuropharmacology and toxicology research. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 170:297-309. [PMID: 26372090 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are rapidly emerging as an important model organism for aquatic neuropharmacology and toxicology research. The behavioral/phenotypic complexity of zebrafish allows for thorough dissection of complex human brain disorders and drug-evoked pathological states. As numerous zebrafish models become available with a wide spectrum of behavioral, genetic, and environmental methods to test novel drugs, here we discuss recent zebrafish phenomics methods to facilitate drug discovery, particularly in the field of biological psychiatry. Additionally, behavioral, neurological, and endocrine endpoints are becoming increasingly well-characterized in zebrafish, making them an inexpensive, robust and effective model for toxicology research and pharmacological screening. We also discuss zebrafish behavioral phenotypes, experimental considerations, pharmacological candidates and relevance of zebrafish neurophenomics to other 'omics' (e.g., genomic, proteomic) approaches. Finally, we critically evaluate the limitations of utilizing this model organism, and outline future strategies of research in the field of zebrafish phenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan V Kalueff
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; Chemical-Technological Institute and Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
| | - David J Echevarria
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Sumit Homechaudhuri
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Adam Michael Stewart
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Adam D Collier
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | | | - Shaomin Li
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - Yingcong Liu
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - Peirong Chen
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - JiaJia Wang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - Anisa Mitra
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Subharthi Pal
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Adwitiya Chaudhuri
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Anwesha Roy
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Missidona Biswas
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Dola Roy
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Anupam Podder
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Manoj K Poudel
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Deepshikha P Katare
- Proteomics and Translational Research Lab, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, UP, India
| | - Ruchi J Mani
- Proteomics and Translational Research Lab, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, UP, India
| | - Evan J Kyzar
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Siddharth Gaikwad
- Graduate Institute of Neural and Cognitive Sciences, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Michael Nguyen
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Cai Song
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China; Graduate Institute of Neural and Cognitive Sciences, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Bui-Nguyen TM, Baer CE, Lewis JA, Yang D, Lein PJ, Jackson DA. Dichlorvos exposure results in large scale disruption of energy metabolism in the liver of the zebrafish, Danio rerio. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:853. [PMID: 26499117 PMCID: PMC4619386 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1941-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to dichlorvos (DDVP), an organophosphorus pesticide, is known to result in neurotoxicity as well as other metabolic perturbations. However, the molecular causes of DDVP toxicity are poorly understood, especially in cells other than neurons and muscle cells. To obtain a better understanding of the process of non-neuronal DDVP toxicity, we exposed zebrafish to different concentrations of DDVP, and investigated the resulting changes in liver histology and gene transcription. Results Functional enrichment analysis of genes affected by DDVP exposure identified a number of processes involved in energy utilization and stress response in the liver. The abundance of transcripts for proteins involved in glucose metabolism was profoundly affected, suggesting that carbon flux might be diverted toward the pentose phosphate pathway to compensate for an elevated demand for energy and reducing equivalents for detoxification. Strikingly, many transcripts for molecules involved in β-oxidation and fatty acid synthesis were down-regulated. We found increases in message levels for molecules involved in reactive oxygen species responses as well as ubiquitination, proteasomal degradation, and autophagy. To ensure that the effects of DDVP on energy metabolism were not simply a consequence of poor feeding because of neuromuscular impairment, we fasted fish for 29 or 50 h and analyzed liver gene expression in them. The patterns of gene expression for energy metabolism in fasted and DDVP-exposed fish were markedly different. Conclusion We observed coordinated changes in the expression of a large number of genes involved in energy metabolism and responses to oxidative stress. These results argue that an appreciable part of the effect of DDVP is on energy metabolism and is regulated at the message level. Although we observed some evidence of neuromuscular impairment in exposed fish that may have resulted in reduced feeding, the alterations in gene expression in exposed fish cannot readily be explained by nutrient deprivation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1941-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tri M Bui-Nguyen
- ORISE Postdoctoral Fellow, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA. .,Current address: US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
| | | | - John A Lewis
- US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Dongren Yang
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - David A Jackson
- US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, USA.
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Roman-Padilla J, Rodríguez-Rua A, Claros MG, Hachero-Cruzado I, Manchado M. Genomic characterization and expression analysis of four apolipoprotein A-IV paralogs in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 191:84-98. [PMID: 26453798 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV) plays a key role in lipid transport and feed intake regulation. In this work, four cDNA sequences encoding ApoA-IV paralogs were identified. Sequence analysis revealed conserved structural features including the common 33-codon block and nine repeated motifs. Gene structure analysis identified four exons and three introns except for apoA-IVAa1 (with only 3 exons). Synteny analysis showed that the four paralogs were structured into two clusters (cluster A containing apoA-IVAa1 and apoA-IVAa2 and cluster B with apoA-IVBa3 and apoA-IVBa4) linked to an apolipoprotein E. Phylogenetic analysis clearly separated the paralogs according to their cluster organization as well as revealed four subclades highly conserved in Acanthopterygii. Whole-mount analyses (WISH) in early larvae (0 and 1day post-hatch (dph)) showed that the four paralogs were mainly expressed in yolk syncytial layer surrounding the oil globules. Later, at 3 and 5dph, the four paralogs were mainly expressed in liver and intestine although with differences in their relative abundance and temporal expression patterns. Diet supply triggered the intensity of WISH signals in the intestine of the four paralogs. Quantification of mRNA abundance by qPCR using whole larvae only detected the induction by diet at 5dph. Moreover, transcript levels increased progressively with age except for apoA-IVAa2, which appeared as a low-expressed isoform. Expression analysis in juvenile tissues confirmed that the four paralogs were mainly expressed in liver and intestine and secondary in other tissues. The role of these ApoA-IV genes in lipid transport and the possible role of apoA-IVAa2 as a regulatory form are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Roman-Padilla
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - A Rodríguez-Rua
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M G Claros
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - I Hachero-Cruzado
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M Manchado
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain.
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Tian J, He G, Mai K, Liu C. Effects of postprandial starvation on mRNA expression of endocrine-, amino acid and peptide transporter-, and metabolic enzyme-related genes in zebrafish (Danio rerio). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 41:773-787. [PMID: 25805459 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to systematically evaluate the molecular activities of endocrine-, amino acid and peptide transporters-, and metabolic enzyme-related genes in 35-day-old mixed-sex zebrafish (Danio rerio) after feeding . Zebrafish with initial body weights ranging from 9 to 11 mg were fasted for 384 h in a controlled indoor environment. Fish were sampled at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 192, and 384 h after fed. Overall, the present study results show that the regulatory mechanism that insulin-like growth factor I negative feedback regulated growth hormone is conserved in zebrafish, as it is in mammals, but that regulation of growth hormone receptors is highly intricate. Leptin and cholecystokinin are time-dependent negative feedback signals, and neuropeptide Y may be an important positive neuropeptide for food intake in zebrafish. The amino acid/carnitine transporters B(0,+) (ATB(0,+)) and broad neutral (0) amino acid transporter 1(B(0)AT1) mRNA levels measured in our study suggest that protein may be utilized during 24-96 h of fasting in zebrafish. Glutamine synthetase mRNA levels were downregulated, and glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, and trypsin mRNA levels were upregulated after longtime fasting in this study. The mRNA expression levels of fatty acid synthetase decreased significantly (P < 0.05), whereas those of lipoprotein lipase rapidly increased after 96 h of fasting. Fasting activated the expression of glucose synthesis genes when fasting for short periods of time; when fasting is prolonged, the mRNA levels of glucose breakdown enzymes and pentose phosphate shunt genes decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition (Ministry of Agriculture), Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China,
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Molecular cloning and expression analysis of scd1 gene from large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea under cold stress. Gene 2015; 568:100-8. [PMID: 25979672 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Desaturation of fatty acids is an important adaptation mechanism to maintain membrane fluidity under cold stress. To comprehend the mechanism of adaptation to low temperatures in fish, we investigated stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) endocrine expression in the process of cold acclimation from 15°C to 7°C in Larimichthys crocea. The cDNA and genomic sequences of scd1 were cloned and characterized and named as Lcscd1. The cDNA encoded an iron-containing protein of 337 amino acids with functional motifs. The full-length genome sequence of Lcscd1 was composed of 2556 nucleotides, including five exons and four introns. Tissue expression profiles by qPCR and western blot analysis revealed that Lcscd1 was highly expressed in the liver, followed by the brain. The expression of Lcscd1 mRNA in the liver was firstly down-regulated from 15°C to 11°C, and then up-regulated until the first day of 7°C, followed by a decline until the last day. In the brain, the expression showed no significant change from 15°C to 9°C, but then significantly increased until the last day of 7°C. SCD1 protein expression in the liver decreased from 15°C to the first day of 7°C, and then gradually recovered to the starting level. In the brain, SCD1 protein expression maintained rising trends in the whole process. Immunoelectron microscopic analysis showed that SCD1 was localized in fat granules, mitochondria and granular endoplasmic reticulum of hepatic cells, but only in mitochondria of encephalic cells. The results above suggested that SCD1 expression was responsive to both cold and starvation stresses in the liver, but only to cold stress in the brain. In conclusion, these findings suggested that SCD1 may be involved in fish adaptation to cold stress.
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