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Royse MK, Fowler M, Mai AK, He Y, Durante MR, Buist N, Procopio A, Xu J, Veiseh O. Development of a 3D printed perfusable in vitro blood-brain barrier model for use as a scalable screening tool. Biomater Sci 2024. [PMID: 39023223 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00663a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent technological advances in drug discovery, the success rate for neurotherapeutics remains alarmingly low compared to treatments for other areas of the body. One of the biggest challenges for delivering therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS) is the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In vitro blood-brain barrier models with high predictability are essential to aid in designing parameters for new therapeutics, assess their ability to cross the BBB, and investigate therapeutic strategies that can be employed to enhance transport. Here, we demonstrate the development of a 3D printable hydrogel blood-brain barrier model that mimics the cellular composition and structure of the blood-brain barrier with human brain endothelial cells lining the surface, pericytes in direct contact with the endothelial cells on the abluminal side of the endothelium, and astrocytes in the surrounding printed bulk matrix. We introduce a simple, static printed hemi-cylinder model to determine design parameters such as media selection, co-culture ratios, and cell incorporation timing in a resource-conservative and high-throughput manner. Presence of cellular adhesion junction, VE-Cadherin, efflux transporters, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and receptor-mediated transporters, Transferrin receptor (TfR) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) were confirmed via immunostaining demonstrating the ability of this model for screening in therapeutic strategies that rely on these transport systems. Design parameters determined in the hemi-cylinder model were translated to a more complex, perfusable vessel model to demonstrate its utility for determining barrier function and assessing permeability to model therapeutic compounds. This 3D-printed blood-brain barrier model represents one of the first uses of projection stereolithography to fabricate a perfusable blood-brain barrier model, enabling the patterning of complex vessel geometries and precise arrangement of cell populations. This model demonstrates potential as a new platform to investigate the delivery of neurotherapeutic compounds and drug delivery strategies through the blood-brain barrier, providing a useful in vitro screening tool in central nervous system drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison K Royse
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Martha Fowler
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - A Kristen Mai
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Yufang He
- Division of Technology, Infrastructure, Operations & Experience, Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Marc R Durante
- Division of Technology, Infrastructure, Operations & Experience, Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Nicole Buist
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Clinical Supply, Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
| | - Adam Procopio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Clinical Supply, Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Clinical Supply, Merck & Co., Inc. Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
| | - Omid Veiseh
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX 77005, USA.
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Nakajo T, Katayoshi T, Kitajima N, Tsuji K. NAD + overconsumption by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) under oxidative stress induces cytoskeletal disruption in vascular endothelial cell. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 731:150371. [PMID: 39004065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cytoskeletal disruption leads to increased vascular permeability and is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. Oxidative stress can increase vascular permeability by weakening endothelial cell-to-cell junctions and decrease intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels. However, it remains unclear how intracellular NAD+ variations caused by oxidative stress alter the vascular endothelial cytoskeletal organization. In this study, we demonstrated that oxidative stress activates poly (ADP-ribose [ADPr]) polymerase (PARP), which consume large amounts of intracellular NAD+, leading to cytoskeletal disruption in vascular endothelial cells. We found that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) could transiently disrupt the cytoskeleton and reduce intracellular total NAD levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). H2O2 stimulation led to rapid increase in ADPr protein levels in HUVECs. Pharmaceutical PARP inhibition counteracted H2O2-induced total NAD depletion and cytoskeletal disruption, suggesting that NAD+ consumption by PARP induced cytoskeletal disruption. Additionally, supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), the NAD+ precursor, prevented both intracellular total NAD depletion and cytoskeletal disruption induced by H2O2 in HUVECs. Inhibition of the NAD+ salvage pathway by FK866, a nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor, maintained H2O2-induced cytoskeletal disruption, suggesting that intracellular NAD+ plays a crucial role in recovery from cytoskeletal disruption. Our findings provide further insights into the potential application of PARP inhibition and NMN supplementation for the treatment and prevention of diseases involving vascular hyperpermeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nakajo
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan.
| | - T Katayoshi
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan.
| | - N Kitajima
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan.
| | - K Tsuji
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan.
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Akhter MZ, Yazbeck P, Tauseef M, Anwar M, Hossen F, Datta S, Vellingiri V, Chandra Joshi J, Toth PT, Srivastava N, Lenzini S, Zhou G, Lee J, Jain MK, Shin JW, Mehta D. FAK regulates tension transmission to the nucleus and endothelial transcriptome independent of kinase activity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114297. [PMID: 38824643 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanical environment generated through the adhesive interaction of endothelial cells (ECs) with the matrix controls nuclear tension, preventing aberrant gene synthesis and the transition from restrictive to leaky endothelium, a hallmark of acute lung injury (ALI). However, the mechanisms controlling tension transmission to the nucleus and EC-restrictive fate remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that, in a kinase-independent manner, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) safeguards tension transmission to the nucleus to maintain EC-restrictive fate. In FAK-depleted ECs, robust activation of the RhoA-Rho-kinase pathway increased EC tension and phosphorylation of the nuclear envelope protein, emerin, activating DNMT3a. Activated DNMT3a methylates the KLF2 promoter, impairing the synthesis of KLF2 and its target S1PR1 to induce the leaky EC transcriptome. Repleting FAK (wild type or kinase dead) or inhibiting RhoA-emerin-DNMT3a activities in damaged lung ECs restored KLF2 transcription of the restrictive EC transcriptome. Thus, FAK sensing and control of tension transmission to the nucleus govern restrictive endothelium to maintain lung homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zahid Akhter
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pascal Yazbeck
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mohammad Tauseef
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mumtaz Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Faruk Hossen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sayanti Datta
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vigneshwaran Vellingiri
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jagdish Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter T Toth
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA; Research Resources Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nityanand Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen Lenzini
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guangjin Zhou
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mukesh K Jain
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jae-Won Shin
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Kurokawa M, Goya T, Kohjima M, Tanaka M, Iwabuchi S, Shichino S, Ueha S, Hioki T, Aoyagi T, Takahashi M, Imoto K, Tashiro S, Suzuki H, Kato M, Hashimoto S, Matsuda H, Matsushima K, Ogawa Y. Microcirculatory disturbance in acute liver injury is triggered by IFNγ-CD40 axis. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:23. [PMID: 38907339 PMCID: PMC11191181 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00387-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening disorder that progresses from self-limiting acute liver injury (ALI). Microcirculatory disturbance characterized by sinusoidal hypercoagulation and subsequent massive hypoxic hepatocyte damage have been proposed to be the mechanism by which ALI deteriorates to ALF; however, the precise molecular pathway of the sinusoidal hypercoagulation remains unknown. Here, we analyzed ALI patients and mice models to uncover the pathogenesis of ALI with microcirculatory disturbance. METHODS We conducted a single-center retrospective study for ALI and blood samples and liver tissues were analyzed to evaluate the microcirculatory disturbance in ALI patients (n = 120). Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis (scRNA-seq) was applied to the liver from the concanavalin A (Con A)‑induced mouse model of ALI. Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha knockout mice, and primary human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) were used to assess the mechanism of microcirculatory disturbance. RESULTS The serum IFNγ concentrations were significantly higher in ALI patients with microcirculatory disturbance than in patients without microcirculatory disturbance, and the IFNγ was upregulated in the Con A mouse model which presented microcirculatory disturbance. Hepatic IFNγ expression was increased as early as 1 hour after Con A treatment prior to sinusoidal hypercoagulation and hypoxic liver damage. scRNA-seq revealed that IFNγ was upregulated in innate lymphoid cells and stimulated hepatic vascular endothelial cells at the early stage of liver injury. In IFNγ knockout mice treated with Con A, the sinusoidal hypercoagulation and liver damage were remarkably attenuated, concomitant with the complete inhibition of CD40 and tissue factor (TF) upregulation in vascular endothelial cells. By ligand-receptor analysis, CD40-CD40 ligand interaction was identified in vascular endothelial cells. In human LSECs, IFNγ upregulated CD40 expression and TF was further induced by increased CD40-CD40 ligand interaction. Consistent with these findings, hepatic CD40 expression was significantly elevated in human ALI patients with microcirculatory disturbance. CONCLUSION We identified the critical role of the IFNγ-CD40 axis as the molecular mechanism of microcirculatory disturbance in ALI. This finding may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of ALI and potentially contribute to the emergence of new therapeutic strategies for ALI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Kurokawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHO Fukuokahigashi Medical Center, 1-1-1 Chidori, Koga, 811-3195, Japan
| | - Takeshi Goya
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Kohjima
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- Department of Gastroenterology, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, 1-8-1 Jigyohama, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-8563, Japan.
| | - Masatake Tanaka
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Iwabuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Shichino
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueha
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hioki
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomomi Aoyagi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Motoi Takahashi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Koji Imoto
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shigeki Tashiro
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideo Suzuki
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaki Kato
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1 Befu, Jounan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0198, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hideo Matsuda
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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5
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Falero-Diaz G, Barboza CDA, Vazquez-Padron RI, Velazquez OC, Lassance-Soares RM. Loss of c-Kit in Endothelial Cells Protects against Hindlimb Ischemia. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1358. [PMID: 38927565 PMCID: PMC11201387 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is the end stage of peripheral artery disease (PAD), and around 30% of CLI patients are ineligible for current treatments. The angiogenic benefits of c-Kit have been reported in the ischemia scenario; however, the present study demonstrates the effects of specific endothelial c-Kit signaling in arteriogenesis during hindlimb ischemia. METHODS We created conditional knockout mouse models that decrease c-Kit (c-Kit VE-Cadherin CreERT2-c-Kit) or its ligand (SCF VE-Cadherin CreERT2-SCF) specifically in endothelial cells (ECs) after tamoxifen treatment. These mice and a control group (wild-type VE-Cadherin CreERT2-WT) were subjected to hindlimb ischemia or aortic crush to evaluate perfusion/arteriogenesis and endothelial barrier permeability, respectively. RESULTS Our data confirmed the lower gene expression of c-Kit and SCF in the ECs of c-Kit and SCF mice, respectively. In addition, we confirmed the lower percentage of ECs positive for c-Kit in c-Kit mice. Further, we found that c-Kit and SCF mice had better limb perfusion and arteriogenesis compared to WT mice. We also demonstrated that c-Kit and SCF mice had a preserved endothelial barrier after aortic crush compared to WT. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate the deleterious effects of endothelial SCF/c-Kit signaling on arteriogenesis and endothelial barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Falero-Diaz
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave, RMSB, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (G.F.-D.); (R.I.V.-P.); (O.C.V.)
| | - Catarina de A. Barboza
- Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1580 NW 10th Ave, Batchelor Building, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Roberto I. Vazquez-Padron
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave, RMSB, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (G.F.-D.); (R.I.V.-P.); (O.C.V.)
| | - Omaida C. Velazquez
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave, RMSB, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (G.F.-D.); (R.I.V.-P.); (O.C.V.)
| | - Roberta M. Lassance-Soares
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Ave, RMSB, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (G.F.-D.); (R.I.V.-P.); (O.C.V.)
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Rajala R, Cleuren AC, Griffin CT. Acetaminophen Overdose Reveals Protease-Activated Receptor 4 as a Low-Expressing but Potent Receptor on the Hepatic Endothelium. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.07.598028. [PMID: 38895465 PMCID: PMC11185779 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.07.598028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Background & Aims Hepatic endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction and centrilobular hepatocyte necrosis occur with acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. The protease thrombin, which is acutely generated during APAP overdose, can signal through protease-activated receptors 1 and 4 (PAR1/PAR4). PAR1 is a high-affinity thrombin receptor that is known to signal on ECs, whereas PAR4 is a low-affinity thrombin receptor, and evidence for its expression and function on ECs is mixed. This study aims to exploit the high levels of thrombin generated during APAP overdose to determine (1) if hepatic endothelial PAR4 is a functional receptor, and (2) endothelial-specific functions for PAR1 and PAR4 in a high thrombin setting. Methods We generated mice with conditional deletion(s) of Par1/Par4 in ECs and overdosed them with APAP. Hepatic vascular permeability, erythrocyte congestion/bleeding, and liver function were assessed following overdose. Additionally, we investigated the expression levels of endothelial PARs and how they influence transcription in APAP-overdosed liver ECs using endothelial Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification followed by next-generation sequencing (TRAPseq). Results We found that mice deficient in high-expressing endothelial Par1 or low-expressing Par4 had equivalent reductions in APAP-induced hepatic vascular instability but no effect on hepatocyte necrosis. Additionally, mice with loss of endothelial Par1 and Par4 had reduced permeability at an earlier time point after APAP overdose when compared to mice singly deficient in either receptor in ECs. We also found that endothelial PAR1-but not PAR4-can regulate transcription in hepatic ECs. Conclusions Low-expressing PAR4 can react similarly to high-expressing PAR1 in APAP-overdosed hepatic ECs, demonstrating that PAR4 is a potent thrombin receptor. Additionally, these receptors are functionally redundant but act divergently in their expression and ability to influence transcription in hepatic ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rajala
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Audrey C.A. Cleuren
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Courtney T. Griffin
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
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Sun W, Wu W, Fang X, Ge X, Zhang Y, Han J, Guo X, Zhou L, Yang H. Disruption of pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier by dysregulated claudin-8 and claudin-4: uncovered mechanisms in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:240. [PMID: 38806818 PMCID: PMC11133251 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The pulmonary endothelium is a dynamic and metabolically active monolayer of endothelial cells. Dysfunction of the pulmonary endothelial barrier plays a crucial role in the acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), frequently observed in the context of viral pneumonia. Dysregulation of tight junction proteins can lead to the disruption of the endothelial barrier and subsequent leakage. Here, the highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) served as an ideal model for studying ALI and ARDS. The alveolar lavage fluid of pigs infected with HP-PRRSV, and the supernatant of HP-PRRSV infected pulmonary alveolar macrophages were respectively collected to treat the pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) in Transwell culture system to explore the mechanism of pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier leakage caused by viral infection. Cytokine screening, addition and blocking experiments revealed that proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, secreted by HP-PRRSV-infected macrophages, disrupt the pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier by downregulating claudin-8 and upregulating claudin-4 synergistically. Additionally, three transcription factors interleukin enhancer binding factor 2 (ILF2), general transcription factor III C subunit 2 (GTF3C2), and thyroid hormone receptor-associated protein 3 (THRAP3), were identified to accumulate in the nucleus of PMVECs, regulating the transcription of claudin-8 and claudin-4. Meanwhile, the upregulation of ssc-miR-185 was found to suppress claudin-8 expression via post-transcriptional inhibition. This study not only reveals the molecular mechanisms by which HP-PRRSV infection causes endothelial barrier leakage in acute lung injury, but also provides novel insights into the function and regulation of tight junctions in vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixin Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinna Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongning Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Han
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hanchun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Chang X, Li Z, Tian M, Deng Z, Zhu L, Li G. Rotenone activates the LKB1-AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway to induce autophagy and apoptosis in rat thoracic aortic endothelial cells. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 25:33. [PMID: 38783387 PMCID: PMC11118107 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-024-00755-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The specific mechanism by which rotenone impacts thoracic aortic autophagy and apoptosis is unknown. We aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of rotenone on autophagy and apoptosis in rat thoracic aortic endothelial cells (RTAEC) via activation of the LKB1-AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of rotenone on autophagy and apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells. METHODS In vivo, 60 male SD rats were randomly selected and divided into 5 groups: control (Con), DMSO, 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg groups, respectively. After 28 days of treatment, histopathological and ultrastructural changes in each group were observed using HE and transmission electron microscopy; Autophagy, apoptosis, and LKB1-AMPK-ULK1 pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blot; Apoptosis levels in the thoracic aorta were detected by TUNEL. In vitro, RTAEC were cultured and divided into control (Con), DMSO, 20, 100, 500, and 1000 nM groups. After 24 h of intervention, autophagy, apoptosis, and LKB1-AMPK-ULK1 pathway-related factors were detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR; Flow cytometry to detect apoptosis levels; Autophagy was inhibited with 3-MA and CQ to detect apoptosis levels, and changes in autophagy, apoptosis, and downstream factors were detected by the AMPK inhibitor CC intervention. RESULTS Gavage in SD rats for 28 days, some degree of damage was observed in the thoracic aorta and heart of the rotenone group, as well as the appearance of autophagic vesicles was observed in the thoracic aorta. TUNEL analysis revealed higher apoptosis in the rotenone group's thoracic aorta; RTAEC cultured in vitro, after 24 h of rotenone intervention, showed increased ROS production and significantly decreased ATP production. The flow cytometry data suggested an increase in the number of apoptotic RTAEC. The thoracic aorta and RTAEC in the rotenone group displayed elevated levels of autophagy and apoptosis, and the LKB1-AMPK-ULK1 pathway proteins were activated and expressed at higher levels. Apoptosis and autophagy were both suppressed by the autophagy inhibitors 3-MA and CQ. The AMPK inhibitor CC reduced autophagy and apoptosis in RTAEC and suppressed the production of the AMPK downstream factors ULK1 and P-ULK1. CONCLUSIONS Rotenone may promote autophagy in the thoracic aorta and RTAEC by activating the LKB1-AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway, thereby inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Zeyuan Li
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Mi Tian
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Ziwei Deng
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Lingqin Zhu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Guanghua Li
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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9
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Mandal P, Pradhan SM, Mathew AA, Benny S, Kumar S, Unni AR, S K K. Exploring the effects of vasoactive constituents in large cardamom: implications for the anti-hypertensive effect via eNOS coupling pathway - an in-vitro study in rat endothelial cells. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38742417 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2351534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction, linked to reduced eNOS expression and nitric oxide (NO) availability, contributes to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Large cardamom exhibits antihypertensive effects by augmenting NO levels and antioxidant activity. To decipher its mechanisms, selected constituents were docked with eNOS-associated target genes such as GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH-1) and (dihydrofolate reductase [DHFR]). Endothelial damage induced by L-NAME and fructose was countered by assessing nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), tetrahydrobipterin (BH4 levels), GCH-I expression and super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity after constituent incubation. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and petunidin-3-O-glucoside notably restored impaired vascular markers in both models. These phytoconstituents are likely to activate GCH-BH4-eNOS pathways, upregulating SOD and NO expression, maintaining endothelial integrity. Large cardamom's antihypertensive effects may stem from these components, synergistically enhancing endothelial NO release via the eNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pronay Mandal
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Kochi, India
| | | | | | - Sonu Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Kochi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Kochi, India
| | - Ashok R Unni
- Central Lab Animal Facility, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India
| | - Kanthlal S K
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Kochi, India
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10
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Yu W, Zhao Y, Ilyas I, Wang L, Little PJ, Xu S. The natural polyphenol fisetin in atherosclerosis prevention: a mechanistic review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024:rgae053. [PMID: 38733634 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rate of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is increasing yearly worldwide. Recently, a growing body of evidence has unveiled the anti-atherosclerotic properties of fisetin, a natural polyphenol compound. In this article, we reviewed the pharmacologic actions of fisetin on experimental atherosclerosis and its protective effects on disease-relevant cell types such as endothelial cells, macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, and platelets. Based on its profound cardiovascular actions, fisetin holds potential for clinical translation and could be developed as a potential therapeutic option for atherosclerosis and its related complications. Large-scale randomized clinical trials are warranted to ascertain the safety and efficacy of fisetin in patients with or high risk for ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
- Anhui Renovo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
- Anhui Guozheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hefei, Anhui, 230041, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Peter J Little
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Xinhua University, No. 721, Guangshan Road 1, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
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11
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Wei L, Dankwa S, Vijayan K, Smith JD, Kaushansky A. Interrogating endothelial barrier regulation by temporally resolved kinase network generation. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302522. [PMID: 38467420 PMCID: PMC10927359 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinases are key players in endothelial barrier regulation, yet their temporal function and regulatory phosphosignaling networks are incompletely understood. We developed a novel methodology, Temporally REsolved KInase Network Generation (TREKING), which combines a 28-kinase inhibitor screen with machine learning and network reconstruction to build time-resolved, functional phosphosignaling networks. We demonstrated the utility of TREKING for identifying pathways mediating barrier integrity after activation by thrombin with or without TNF preconditioning in brain endothelial cells. TREKING predicted over 100 kinases involved in barrier regulation and discerned complex condition-specific pathways. For instance, the MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MAPKAPK2/MK2) had early barrier-weakening activity in both inflammatory conditions but late barrier-strengthening activity exclusively with thrombin alone. Using temporal Western blotting, we confirmed that MAPKAPK2/MK2 was differentially phosphorylated under the two inflammatory conditions. We further showed with lentivirus-mediated knockdown of MAPK14/p38α and drug targeting the MAPK14/p38α-MAPKAPK2/MK2 complex that a MAP3K20/ZAK-MAPK14/p38α axis controlled the late activation of MAPKAPK2/MK2 in the thrombin-alone condition. Beyond the MAPKAPK2/MK2 switch, TREKING predicts extensive interconnected networks that control endothelial barrier dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wei
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Selasi Dankwa
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kamalakannan Vijayan
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph D Smith
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexis Kaushansky
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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12
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Henrio Marcellin DF, Huang J. Exploring Zika Virus Impact on Endothelial Permeability: Insights into Transcytosis Mechanisms and Vascular Leakage. Viruses 2024; 16:629. [PMID: 38675970 PMCID: PMC11054372 DOI: 10.3390/v16040629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Treating brain disease is challenging, and the Zika virus (ZIKV) presents a unique obstacle due to its neuroinvasive nature. In this review, we discuss the immunopathogenesis of ZIKV and explore how the virus interacts with the body's immune responses and the role of the protein Mfsd2a in maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) during ZIKV neuroinvasion. ZIKV has emerged as a significant public health concern due to its association with severe neurological problems, including microcephaly and Gillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Understanding its journey through the brain-particularly its interaction with the placenta and BBB-is crucial. The placenta, which is designed to protect the fetus, becomes a pathway for ZIKV when infected. The BBB is composed of brain endothelial cells, acts as a second barrier, and protects the fetal brain. However, ZIKV finds ways to disrupt these barriers, leading to potential damage. This study explores the mechanisms by which ZIKV enters the CNS and highlights the role of transcytosis, which allows the virus to move through the cells without significantly disrupting the BBB. Although the exact mechanisms of transcytosis are unclear, research suggests that ZIKV may utilize this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jufang Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
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13
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Ta HQ, Kuppusamy M, Sonkusare SK, Roeser ME, Laubach VE. The endothelium: gatekeeper to lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Respir Res 2024; 25:172. [PMID: 38637760 PMCID: PMC11027545 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The success of lung transplantation is limited by the high rate of primary graft dysfunction due to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Lung IRI is characterized by a robust inflammatory response, lung dysfunction, endothelial barrier disruption, oxidative stress, vascular permeability, edema, and neutrophil infiltration. These events are dependent on the health of the endothelium, which is a primary target of IRI that results in pulmonary endothelial barrier dysfunction. Over the past 10 years, research has focused more on the endothelium, which is beginning to unravel the multi-factorial pathogenesis and immunologic mechanisms underlying IRI. Many important proteins, receptors, and signaling pathways that are involved in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction after IR are starting to be identified and targeted as prospective therapies for lung IRI. In this review, we highlight the more significant mediators of IRI-induced endothelial dysfunction discovered over the past decade including the extracellular glycocalyx, endothelial ion channels, purinergic receptors, kinases, and integrins. While there are no definitive clinical therapies currently available to prevent lung IRI, we will discuss potential clinical strategies for targeting the endothelium for the treatment or prevention of IRI. The accruing evidence on the essential role the endothelium plays in lung IRI suggests that promising endothelial-directed treatments may be approaching the clinic soon. The application of therapies targeting the pulmonary endothelium may help to halt this rapid and potentially fatal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Q Ta
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, P. O. Box 801359, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Maniselvan Kuppusamy
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Mark E Roeser
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, P. O. Box 801359, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Victor E Laubach
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, P. O. Box 801359, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
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14
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Pearson AC, Shrestha K, Curry TE, Duffy DM. Neurotensin modulates ovarian vascular permeability via adherens junctions. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23602. [PMID: 38581236 PMCID: PMC11034770 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302652rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Neurotensin (NTS) is a 13-amino acid peptide which is highly expressed in the mammalian ovary in response to the luteinizing hormone surge. Antibody neutralization of NTS in the ovulatory follicle of the cynomolgus macaque impairs ovulation and induces follicular vascular dysregulation, with excessive pooling of red blood cells in the follicle antrum. We hypothesize that NTS is an essential intrafollicular regulator of vascular permeability. In the present study, follicle injection of the NTS receptor antagonist SR142948 also resulted in vascular dysregulation. To measure vascular permeability changes in vitro, primary macaque ovarian microvascular endothelial cells (mOMECs) were enriched from follicle aspirates and studied in vitro. When treated with NTS, permeability of mOMECs decreased. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of mOMECs revealed high mRNA expression of the permeability-regulating adherens junction proteins N-cadherin (CDH2) and K-cadherin (CDH6). Immunofluorescent detection of CDH2 and CDH6 confirmed expression and localized these cadherins to the cell-cell boundaries, consistent with function as components of adherens junctions. mOMECs did not express detectable levels of the typical vascular endothelial cadherin, VE-cadherin (CDH5) as determined by RNA-Seq, qPCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. Knockdown of CDH2 or CDH6 via siRNA abrogated the NTS effect on mOMEC permeability. Collectively, these data suggest that NTS plays an ovulation-critical role in vascular permeability maintenance, and that CDH2 and CDH6 are involved in the permeability modulating effect of NTS on the ovarian microvasculature. NTS can be added to a growing number of angiogenic regulators which are critical for successful ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Pearson
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA, 23507
| | - Ketan Shrestha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA, 40536
| | - Thomas E. Curry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA, 40536
| | - Diane M. Duffy
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA, 23507
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15
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Joussaume A, Kanthou C, Pardo OE, Karayan-Tapon L, Benzakour O, Dkhissi F. The Vitamin K-Dependent Anticoagulant Factor, Protein S, Regulates Vascular Permeability. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3278-3293. [PMID: 38666935 PMCID: PMC11048934 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein S (PROS1) is a vitamin K-dependent anticoagulant factor, which also acts as an agonist for the TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK (TAM) tyrosine kinase receptors. PROS1 is produced by the endothelium which also expresses TAM receptors, but little is known about its effects on vascular function and permeability. Transwell permeability assays as well as Western blotting and immunostaining analysis were used to monitor the possible effects of PROS1 on both endothelial cell permeability and on the phosphorylation state of specific signaling proteins. We show that human PROS1, at its circulating concentrations, substantially increases both the basal and VEGFA-induced permeability of endothelial cell (EC) monolayers. PROS1 induces p38 MAPK (Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase), Rho/ROCK (Rho-associated protein kinase) pathway activation, and actin filament remodeling, as well as substantial changes in Vascular Endothelial Cadherin (VEC) distribution and its phosphorylation on Ser665 and Tyr685. It also mediates c-Src and PAK-1 (p21-activated kinase 1) phosphorylation on Tyr416 and Ser144, respectively. Exposure of EC to human PROS1 induces VEC internalization as well as its cleavage into a released fragment of 100 kDa and an intracellular fragment of 35 kDa. Using anti-TAM neutralizing antibodies, we demonstrate that PROS1-induced VEC and c-Src phosphorylation are mediated by both the MERTK and TYRO3 receptors but do not involve the AXL receptor. MERTK and TYRO3 receptors are also responsible for mediating PROS1-induced MLC (Myosin Light Chain) phosphorylation on a site targeted by the Rho/ROCK pathway. Our report provides evidence for the activation of the c-Src/VEC and Rho/ROCK/MLC pathways by PROS1 for the first time and points to a new role for PROS1 as an endogenous vascular permeabilizing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Joussaume
- Université de Poitiers, CHU de Poitiers, ProDiCeT, UR 24144 Poitiers, France; (A.J.); (O.B.)
| | - Chryso Kanthou
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine & Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK;
| | - Olivier E. Pardo
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Lucie Karayan-Tapon
- Université de Poitiers, CHU de Poitiers, ProDiCeT, Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, UR 24144 Poitiers, France;
| | - Omar Benzakour
- Université de Poitiers, CHU de Poitiers, ProDiCeT, UR 24144 Poitiers, France; (A.J.); (O.B.)
| | - Fatima Dkhissi
- Université de Poitiers, CHU de Poitiers, ProDiCeT, UR 24144 Poitiers, France; (A.J.); (O.B.)
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16
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McMullan RR, McAuley DF, O'Kane CM, Silversides JA. Vascular leak in sepsis: physiological basis and potential therapeutic advances. Crit Care 2024; 28:97. [PMID: 38521954 PMCID: PMC10961003 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-04875-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterised by endothelial barrier dysfunction and impairment of normal microcirculatory function, resulting in a state of hypoperfusion and tissue oedema. No specific pharmacological therapies are currently used to attenuate microvascular injury. Given the prominent role of endothelial breakdown and microcirculatory dysfunction in sepsis, there is a need for effective strategies to protect the endothelium. In this review we will discuss key mechanisms and putative therapeutic agents relevant to endothelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross R McMullan
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Daniel F McAuley
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
- Department of Critical Care, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - Cecilia M O'Kane
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Jonathan A Silversides
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
- Department of Critical Care, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
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17
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Zhou Y, Chen C, Chen Y, Ding Y, Li S, Wu J, Hong S, Lu B, Liang H, Liu Y, Ouyang Y, Yin W, Hu C. Synthetic steroid of 5α-Androst-3β,5α,6β-Triol alleviates acute lung injury via inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111486. [PMID: 38326121 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe and potentially fatal respiratory condition with limited treatment options. The pathological evolution of ALI is driven by persistent inflammation, destruction of the pulmonary vascular barrier and oxidative stress. Evidence from prior investigations has identified 5α-androst-3β,5α,6β-Triol (TRIOL), a synthetic analogue of the naturally occurring neuroprotective compound cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol, possesses notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. However, the precise effects of TRIOL on alleviating lung injury along with the mechanisms, have remained largely unexplored. Here, TRIOL exhibited pronounced inhibitory actions on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress damage in both lung epithelial and endothelial cells. This protective effect is achieved by its ability to mitigate oxidative stress and restrain the inflammatory cascade orchestrated by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), thereby preserving the integrity of the pulmonary epithelial barrier. We further validated that TRIOL can attenuate LPS-induced lung injury in rats and mice by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration and improving pulmonary edema. Furthermore, TRIOL decreased the pro-inflammatory factors and increased of anti-inflammatory factors induced by LPS. In conclusion, our study presents TRIOL as a promising novel candidate for the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuWei Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - YuPin Chen
- Guangzhou Cellprotek Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - YuXuan Ding
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - ShengLong Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - JiaXin Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - ShiRan Hong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - BingZheng Lu
- Guangzhou Cellprotek Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - HuaFeng Liang
- Guangzhou Cellprotek Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Ouyang
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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18
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Xia D, Lu Z, Li S, Fang P, Yang C, He X, You Q, Sun G. Development of an Intelligent Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Dual-Drug Delivery Nanoplatform for Enhanced Precise Therapy of Acute Lung Injury. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2179-2197. [PMID: 38476280 PMCID: PMC10929269 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s442727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute lung injury (ALI) and its most severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are commonly occurring devastating conditions that seriously threaten the respiratory system in critically ill patients. The current treatments improve oxygenation in patients with ALI/ARDS in the short term, but do not relieve the clinical mortality of patients with ARDS. Purpose To develop the novel drug delivery systems that can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of ALI/ARDS and impede adverse effects of drugs. Methods Based on the key pathophysiological process of ARDS that is the disruption of the pulmonary endothelial barrier, bilirubin (Br) and atorvastatin (As) were encapsulated into an intelligent reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanocarrier DSPE-TK-PEG (DPTP) to form nanoparticles (BA@DPTP) in which the thioketal bonds could be triggered by high ROS levels in the ALI tissues. Results BA@DPTP could accumulate in inflammatory pulmonary sites through passive targeting strategy and intelligently release Br and As only in the inflammatory tissue via ROS-responsive bond, thereby enhancing the drugs effectiveness and markedly reducing side effects. BA@DPTP effectively inhibited NF-κB signaling and NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis in mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. BA@DPTP not only protected mice with lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI and retained the integrity of the pulmonary structure, but also reduced ALI-related mortality. Conclusion This study combined existing drugs with nano-targeting strategies to develop a novel drug-targeting platform for the efficient treatment of ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunling Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongqing Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pu Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghai You
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gengyun Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
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Yu XH, Wu JB, Fan HY, Dai L, Xian HC, Chen BJ, Liao P, Huang MC, Pang X, Zhang M, Liang XH, Tang YL. Artemisinin suppressed tumour growth and induced vascular normalisation in oral squamous cell carcinoma via inhibition of macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Oral Dis 2024; 30:363-375. [PMID: 36321394 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour vascular normalisation therapy advocates a balance between pro-angiogenic factors and anti-angiogenic factors in tumours. Artemisinin (ART), which is derived from traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to inhibit tumour growth; however, the relationship between ART and tumour vascular normalisation in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been previously reported. METHODS Different concentrations(0 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg)of ART were used to treat the xenograft nude mice model of OSCC. The effects of ART on migration and proliferation of OSCC and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cells were detected by scratch assay and CCK-8 assay. OSCC cells with macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) silenced were constructed to explore the effect of MIF. RESULTS Treatment with ART inhibited the growth and angiogenesis of OSCC xenografts in nude mice and downregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IL-8, and MIF expression levels. ART reduced the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVEC, as well as the expression of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. When the dose of ART was 50 mg/kg, vascular normalisation of OSCC xenografts was induced. Moreover, VEGF and IL-8 were needed in rhMIF restoring tumour growth and inhibit vascular normalisation after the addition of rhMIF to ART-treated cells. CONCLUSION Artemisinin might induce vascular normalisation and inhibit tumour growth in OSCC through the MIF-signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Jing-Biao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Hua-Yang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Li Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Chun Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Bing-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Mei-Chang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
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20
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Lin S, Ma H, Zhang S, Fan W, Shen C, Chen J, Jin M, Li K, He Q. The combination of paeonol, diosmetin-7- O- β- D-glucopyranoside, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from Trichosanthis pericarpium alleviates arachidonic acid-induced thrombosis in a zebrafish model. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1332468. [PMID: 38487165 PMCID: PMC10937350 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1332468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Trichosanthis fruit (TF) is a classic medicinal material obtained from Shandong, China. The peel of this fruit (Trichosanthis pericarpium, TP) is known to exert anti-thrombotic effects. However, the anti-thrombotic active components and mechanisms of TP have yet to be fully elucidated. Combined with zebrafish models and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), this study evaluated the endogenous anti-thrombotic effects with the combination of three compounds from TP. First, we used HPLC to investigate the components in the water extract of TP. Next, we used the zebrafish model to investigate the anti-thrombotic activity of the three compound combinations by evaluating a range of indicators. Finally, the expression of related genes was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). HPLC detected a total of eight components in TP water extract, with high levels of paeonol (Pae), diosmetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (diosmetin-7-O-glucoside), and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). The most significant anti-thrombotic activity was detected when the Pae: diosmetin-7-O-glucoside:5-HMF ratio was 4:3:3. qPCR analysis revealed that the abnormal expression levels of f2, fga, fgb, vwf, ptgs1, and tbxas1 induced by arachidonic acid (AA) were improved. The combination of Pae, diosmetin-7-O-glucoside, and 5-HMF may alleviate AA-induced thrombosis by inhibiting the inflammatory reaction, coagulation cascade reaction, and arachidonic acid metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghua Lin
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Honglin Ma
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Chuanlin Shen
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Meng Jin
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Qiuxia He
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Science and Technology Service Platform, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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21
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Zhang C, Zheng J, Yu X, Kuang B, Dai X, Zheng L, Yu W, Teng W, Cao H, Li M, Yao J, Liu X, Zou W. "Baihui" (DU20)-penetrating "Qubin" (GB7) acupuncture on blood-brain barrier integrity in rat intracerebral hemorrhage models via the RhoA/ROCK II/MLC 2 signaling pathway. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38379356 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blocking the RhoA/ROCK II/MLC 2 (Ras homolog gene family member A/Rho kinase II/myosin light chain 2) signaling pathway can initiate neuroprotective mechanisms against neurological diseases such as stroke, cerebral ischemia, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether and how disrupting the RhoA/ROCK II/MLC 2 signaling pathway changes the pathogenic processes of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The present investigation included the injection of rat caudal vein blood into the basal ganglia area to replicate the pathophysiological conditions caused by ICH. METHODS Scalp acupuncture (SA) therapy was performed on rats with ICH at the acupuncture point "Baihui"-penetrating "Qubin," and the ROCK selective inhibitor fasudil was used as a positive control to evaluate the inhibitory effect of acupuncture on the RhoA/ROCK II/MLC 2 signaling pathway. Post-assessments included neurological deficits, brain edema, Evans blue extravasation, Western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and transmission electron microscope imaging. RESULTS We found that ROCK II acts as a promoter of the RhoA/ROCK II/MLC 2 signaling pathway, and its expression increased at 6 h after ICH, peaked at 3 days, and then decreased at 7 days after ICH, but was still higher than the pre-intervention level. According to some experimental results, although 3 days is the peak, 7 days is the best time point for acupuncture treatment. Starting from 6 h after ICH, the neurovascular structure and endothelial cell morphology around the hematoma began to change. Based on the changes in the promoter ROCK II, a 7-day time point was selected as the breakthrough point for treating ICH model rats in the main experiment. The results of this experiment showed that both SA at "Baihui"-penetrating "Qubin" and treatment with fasudil could improve the expression of endothelial-related proteins by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK II/MLC 2 signaling pathway and reduce neurological dysfunction, brain edema, and BBB permeability in rats. CONCLUSION This study found that these experimental data indicated that SA at "Baihui"-penetrating "Qubin" could preserve BBB integrity and neurological function recovery after ICH by inhibiting RhoA/ROCK II/MLC 2 signaling pathway activation and by regulating endothelial cell-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xueping Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Binglin Kuang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohong Dai
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Clinical Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Teng
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hongtao Cao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jiayong Yao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Zou
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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22
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Nègre-Salvayre A, Salvayre R. Reactive Carbonyl Species and Protein Lipoxidation in Atherogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:232. [PMID: 38397830 PMCID: PMC10886358 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease of medium and large arteries, characterized by the presence of lipid-rich plaques lining the intima over time. It is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases and death worldwide. Redox imbalance and lipid peroxidation could play key roles in atherosclerosis by promoting a bundle of responses, including endothelial activation, inflammation, and foam cell formation. The oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids generates various lipid oxidation products such as reactive carbonyl species (RCS), including 4-hydroxy alkenals, malondialdehyde, and acrolein. RCS covalently bind to nucleophilic groups of nucleic acids, phospholipids, and proteins, modifying their structure and activity and leading to their progressive dysfunction. Protein lipoxidation is the non-enzymatic post-translational modification of proteins by RCS. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and apolipoprotein B (apoB) modification by RCS play a major role in foam cell formation. Moreover, oxidized LDLs are a source of RCS, which form adducts on a huge number of proteins, depending on oxidative stress intensity, the nature of targets, and the availability of detoxifying systems. Many systems are affected by lipoxidation, including extracellular matrix components, membranes, cytoplasmic and cytoskeletal proteins, transcription factors, and other components. The mechanisms involved in lipoxidation-induced vascular dysfunction are not fully elucidated. In this review, we focus on protein lipoxidation during atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nègre-Salvayre
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), 1297 Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Rangueil—BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toulouse, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Robert Salvayre
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), 1297 Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Rangueil—BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toulouse, 31432 Toulouse, France
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23
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Thalwieser Z, Fonódi M, Király N, Csortos C, Boratkó A. PP2A Affects Angiogenesis via Its Interaction with a Novel Phosphorylation Site of TSP1. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1844. [PMID: 38339122 PMCID: PMC10855381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alterations in angiogenic properties play a pivotal role in the manifestation and onset of various pathologies, including vascular diseases and cancer. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) protein is one of the master regulators of angiogenesis. This study unveils a novel aspect of TSP1 regulation through reversible phosphorylation. The silencing of the B55α regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in endothelial cells led to a significant decrease in TSP1 expression. Direct interaction between TSP1 and PP2A-B55α was confirmed via various methods. Truncated TSP1 constructs were employed to identify the phosphorylation site and the responsible kinase, ultimately pinpointing PKC as the enzyme phosphorylating TSP1 on Ser93. The biological effects of B55α-TSP1 interaction were also analyzed. B55α silencing not only counteracted the increase in TSP1 expression during wound closure but also prolonged wound closure time. Although B55α silenced cells initiated tube-like structures earlier than control cells, their spheroid formation was disrupted, leading to disintegration. Cells transfected with phosphomimic TSP1 S93D exhibited smaller spheroids and reduced effectiveness in tube formation, revealing insights into the effects of TSP1 phosphorylation on angiogenic properties. In this paper, we introduce a new regulatory mechanism of angiogenesis by reversible phosphorylation on TSP1 S93 by PKC and PP2A B55α.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anita Boratkó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.T.); (M.F.); (C.C.)
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24
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Sonin D, Papayan G, Istomina M, Anufriev I, Pochkaeva E, Minasian S, Zaytseva E, Mukhametdinova D, Mochalov D, Aleksandrov I, Petrishchev N, Galagudza M. Advanced technique of myocardial no-reflow quantification using indocyanine green. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:818-833. [PMID: 38404317 PMCID: PMC10890880 DOI: 10.1364/boe.511912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The post-ischemic no-reflow phenomenon after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is observed in more than half of subjects and is defined as the absence or marked slowing of distal coronary blood flow despite removal of the arterial occlusion. To visualize no-reflow in experimental studies, the fluorescent dye thioflavin S (ThS) is often used, which allows for the estimation of the size of microvascular obstruction by staining the endothelial lining of vessels. Based on the ability of indocyanine green (ICG) to be retained in tissues with increased vascular permeability, we proposed the possibility of using it to assess not only the severity of microvascular obstruction but also the degree of vascular permeability in the zone of myocardial infarction. The aim of our study was to investigate the possibility of using ICG to visualize no-reflow zones after ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat myocardium. Using dual ICG and ThS staining and the FLUM multispectral fluorescence organoscope, we recorded ICG and ThS fluorescence within the zone of myocardial necrosis, identifying ICG-negative zones whose size correlated with the size of the no-reflow zones detected by ThS. It is also shown that the contrast change between the no-reflow zone and nonischemic myocardium reflects the severity of blood stasis, indicating that ICG-negative zones are no-reflow zones. The described method can be an addition or alternative to the traditional method of measuring the size of no-reflow zones in the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Sonin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6–8 Lev Tolstoy Street, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Garry Papayan
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6–8 Lev Tolstoy Street, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria Istomina
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 5 Professora Popova Street, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Anufriev
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 5 Professora Popova Street, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeniia Pochkaeva
- Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29 Polytechnicheskaya str., 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sarkis Minasian
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6–8 Lev Tolstoy Street, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Zaytseva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria Mukhametdinova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daniil Mochalov
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilia Aleksandrov
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nickolay Petrishchev
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6–8 Lev Tolstoy Street, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Michael Galagudza
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6–8 Lev Tolstoy Street, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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25
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Kumar R, Rottner K, Rao GN. Requirement of Site-Specific Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Cortactin in Retinal Neovascularization and Vascular Leakage. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:366-390. [PMID: 38126170 PMCID: PMC10872470 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal neovascularization is a major cause of vision impairment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanisms by which hypoxia triggers the development of abnormal and leaky blood vessels. METHODS A variety of cellular and molecular approaches as well as tissue-specific knockout mice were used to investigate the role of Cttn (cortactin) in retinal neovascularization and vascular leakage. RESULTS We found that VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A) stimulates Cttn phosphorylation at Y421, Y453, and Y470 residues in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. In addition, we observed that while blockade of Cttn phosphorylation at Y470 inhibited VEGFA-induced human retinal microvascular endothelial cell angiogenic events, suppression of Y421 phosphorylation protected endothelial barrier integrity from disruption by VEGFA. In line with these observations, while blockade of Cttn phosphorylation at Y470 negated oxygen-induced retinopathy-induced retinal neovascularization, interference with Y421 phosphorylation prevented VEGFA/oxygen-induced retinopathy-induced vascular leakage. Mechanistically, while phosphorylation at Y470 was required for its interaction with Arp2/3 and CDC6 facilitating actin polymerization and DNA synthesis, respectively, Cttn phosphorylation at Y421 leads to its dissociation from VE-cadherin, resulting in adherens junction disruption. Furthermore, whereas Cttn phosphorylation at Y470 residue was dependent on Lyn, its phosphorylation at Y421 residue required Syk activation. Accordingly, lentivirus-mediated expression of shRNA targeting Lyn or Syk levels inhibited oxygen-induced retinopathy-induced retinal neovascularization and vascular leakage, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The above observations show for the first time that phosphorylation of Cttn is involved in a site-specific manner in the regulation of retinal neovascularization and vascular leakage. In view of these findings, Cttn could be a novel target for the development of therapeutics against vascular diseases such as retinal neovascularization and vascular leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gadiparthi N. Rao
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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26
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Patil RS, Maloney ME, Lucas R, Fulton DJR, Patel V, Bagi Z, Kovacs-Kasa A, Kovacs L, Su Y, Verin AD. Zinc-Dependent Histone Deacetylases in Lung Endothelial Pathobiology. Biomolecules 2024; 14:140. [PMID: 38397377 PMCID: PMC10886568 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A monolayer of endothelial cells (ECs) lines the lumen of blood vessels and, as such, provides a semi-selective barrier between the blood and the interstitial space. Compromise of the lung EC barrier due to inflammatory or toxic events may result in pulmonary edema, which is a cardinal feature of acute lung injury (ALI) and its more severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The EC functions are controlled, at least in part, via epigenetic mechanisms mediated by histone deacetylases (HDACs). Zinc-dependent HDACs represent the largest group of HDACs and are activated by Zn2+. Members of this HDAC group are involved in epigenetic regulation primarily by modifying the structure of chromatin upon removal of acetyl groups from histones. In addition, they can deacetylate many non-histone histone proteins, including those located in extranuclear compartments. Recently, the therapeutic potential of inhibiting zinc-dependent HDACs for EC barrier preservation has gained momentum. However, the role of specific HDAC subtypes in EC barrier regulation remains largely unknown. This review aims to provide an update on the role of zinc-dependent HDACs in endothelial dysfunction and its related diseases. We will broadly focus on biological contributions, signaling pathways and transcriptional roles of HDACs in endothelial pathobiology associated mainly with lung diseases, and we will discuss the potential of their inhibitors for lung injury prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul S. Patil
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - McKenzie E. Maloney
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - David J. R. Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Vijay Patel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Zsolt Bagi
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Anita Kovacs-Kasa
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Laszlo Kovacs
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Alexander D. Verin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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27
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Shi Y, Ji S, Xu Y, Ji J, Yang X, Ye B, Lou J, Tao T. Global trends in research on endothelial cells and sepsis between 2002 and 2022: A systematic bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23599. [PMID: 38173483 PMCID: PMC10761786 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic syndrome involving physiological, pathological, and biochemical abnormalities precipitated by infection and is a major global public health problem. Endothelial cells (ECs) dysfunction is a major contributor to sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. This bibliometric analysis aimed to identify and characterize the status, evolution of the field, and new research trends of ECs and sepsis over the past 20 years. For this analysis, the Web of Science Core Collection database was searched to identify relevant publications on ECs in sepsis published between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2022. Microsoft Excel 2021, VOSviewer software, CiteSpace software, and the online analysis platform of literature metrology (http://bibliometric.com) were used to visualize the trends of publications' countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords. In total, 4200 articles were identified and screened, primarily originating from 86 countries/regions and 3489 institutions. The USA was the leading contributor to this research field, providing 1501 articles (35.74 %). Harvard University's scientists were the most prolific, with 129 articles. Overall, 21,944 authors were identified, among whom Bae Jong Sup was the most prolific, contributing 129 publications. Additionally, Levi Marcel was the most frequently co-cited author, appearing 538 times. The journals that published the most articles were SHOCK, CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, and PLOS ONE, accounting for 10.79 % of the total. The current emerging hotspots are concentrated on "endothelial glycocalyx," "NLRP3 inflammasome," "extracellular vesicle," "biomarkers," and "COVID-19," among others. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the scientific productivity and emerging research trends in the field of ECs in sepsis. The evidence supporting the significant role of ECs in both physiological and pathological responses to sepsis is continuously growing. More in-depth studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying sepsis-induced endothelial dysfunction and EC-targeted therapies are warranted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
- Graduate of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shunpan Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
- Graduate of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuhai Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
- Graduate of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingsheng Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Tianzhu Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
- Graduate of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Panagiotides NG, Poledniczek M, Andreas M, Hülsmann M, Kocher AA, Kopp CW, Piechota-Polanczyk A, Weidenhammer A, Pavo N, Wadowski PP. Myocardial Oedema as a Consequence of Viral Infection and Persistence-A Narrative Review with Focus on COVID-19 and Post COVID Sequelae. Viruses 2024; 16:121. [PMID: 38257821 PMCID: PMC10818479 DOI: 10.3390/v16010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Microvascular integrity is a critical factor in myocardial fluid homeostasis. The subtle equilibrium between capillary filtration and lymphatic fluid removal is disturbed during pathological processes leading to inflammation, but also in hypoxia or due to alterations in vascular perfusion and coagulability. The degradation of the glycocalyx as the main component of the endothelial filtration barrier as well as pericyte disintegration results in the accumulation of interstitial and intracellular water. Moreover, lymphatic dysfunction evokes an increase in metabolic waste products, cytokines and inflammatory cells in the interstitial space contributing to myocardial oedema formation. This leads to myocardial stiffness and impaired contractility, eventually resulting in cardiomyocyte apoptosis, myocardial remodelling and fibrosis. The following article reviews pathophysiological inflammatory processes leading to myocardial oedema including myocarditis, ischaemia-reperfusion injury and viral infections with a special focus on the pathomechanisms evoked by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In addition, clinical implications including potential long-term effects due to viral persistence (long COVID), as well as treatment options, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel G. Panagiotides
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (N.G.P.); (M.P.); (M.H.); (A.W.); (N.P.)
| | - Michael Poledniczek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (N.G.P.); (M.P.); (M.H.); (A.W.); (N.P.)
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Martin Andreas
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.A.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Martin Hülsmann
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (N.G.P.); (M.P.); (M.H.); (A.W.); (N.P.)
| | - Alfred A. Kocher
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.A.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Christoph W. Kopp
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | | | - Annika Weidenhammer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (N.G.P.); (M.P.); (M.H.); (A.W.); (N.P.)
| | - Noemi Pavo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (N.G.P.); (M.P.); (M.H.); (A.W.); (N.P.)
| | - Patricia P. Wadowski
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
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Acharya A, Bian F, Gomez-Arroyo J, Wagner KA, Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV. Hypoxia represses FOXF1 in lung endothelial cells through HIF-1α. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1309155. [PMID: 38274049 PMCID: PMC10809398 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1309155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Forkhead Box F1 (FOXF1) transcription factor plays a critical role in lung angiogenesis during embryonic development and lung repair after injury. FOXF1 expression is decreased in endothelial cells after lung injury; however, molecular mechanisms responsible for the FOXF1 transcript changes in injured lung endothelium remain unknown. Methods: We used immunostaining of injured mouse lung tissues, FACS-sorted lung endothelial cells from hypoxia-treated mice, and data from patients diagnosed with hypoxemic respiratory failure to demonstrate that hypoxia is associated with decreased FOXF1 expression. Endothelial cell cultures were used to induce hypoxia in vitro and identify the upstream molecular mechanism through which hypoxia inhibits FOXF1 gene expression. Results: Bleomycin-induced lung injury induced hypoxia in the mouse lung tissue which was associated with decreased Foxf1 expression. Human FOXF1 mRNA was decreased in the lungs of patients diagnosed with hypoxemic respiratory failure. Mice exposed to hypoxia exhibited reduced Foxf1 expression in the lung tissue and FACS-sorted lung endothelial cells. In vitro, hypoxia (1% of O2) or treatment with cobalt (II) chloride increased HIF-1α protein levels but inhibited FOXF1 expression in three endothelial cell lines. Overexpression of HIF-1α in cultured endothelial cells was sufficient to inhibit Foxf1 expression. siRNA-mediated depletion of HIF-1α prevented the downregulation of Foxf1 gene expression after hypoxia or cobalt (II) chloride treatment. Conclusion: Hypoxia inhibits FOXF1 expression in endothelial cells in a HIF-1α dependent manner. Our data suggest that endothelial cell-specific inhibition of HIF-1α via gene therapy can be considered to restore FOXF1 and improve lung repair in patients with severe lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Acharya
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Fenghua Bian
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jose Gomez-Arroyo
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Kimberly A. Wagner
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Vladimir V. Kalinichenko
- Phoenix Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Division of Neonatology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Tanya V. Kalin
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Phoenix Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine—Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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30
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Xue Y, Tong T, Zhang Y, Huang H, Zhao L, Lv H, Xiong L, Zhang K, Han Y, Fu Y, Wang Y, Huo R, Wang N, Ban T. miR-133a-3p/TRPM4 axis improves palmitic acid induced vascular endothelial injury. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1340247. [PMID: 38269270 PMCID: PMC10806017 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1340247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Vascular endothelial injury is a contributing factor to the development of atherosclerosis and the resulting cardiovascular diseases. One particular factor involved in endothelial cell apoptosis and atherosclerosis is palmitic acid (PA), which is a long-chain saturated fatty acid. In addition, transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4), a non-selective cation channel, plays a significant role in endothelial dysfunction caused by various factors related to cardiovascular diseases. Despite this, the specific role and mechanisms of TRPM4 in atherosclerosis have not been fully understood. Methods: The protein and mRNA expressions of TRPM4, apoptosis - and inflammation-related factors were measured after PA treatment. The effect of TRPM4 knockout on the protein and mRNA expression of apoptosis and inflammation-related factors was detected. The changes of intracellular Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species were detected by Fluo-4 AM, JC-1, and DCFH-DA probes, respectively. To confirm the binding of miR-133a-3p to TRPM4, a dual luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted. Finally, the effects of miR-133a-3p and TRPM4 on intracellular Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species were examined. Results: Following PA treatment, the expression of TRPM4 increases, leading to calcium overload in endothelial cells. This calcium influx causes the assemblage of Bcl-2, resulting in the opening of mitochondrial calcium channels and mitochondrial damage, ultimately triggering apoptosis. Throughout this process, the mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β, ICAM-1, and VCAM1 significantly increase. Database screenings and luciferase assays have shown that miR-133a-3p preferentially binds to the 3'UTR region of TRPM4 mRNA, suppressing TRPM4 expression. During PA-induced endothelial injury, miR-133a-3p is significantly decreased, but overexpression of miR-133a-3p can attenuate the progression of endothelial injury. On the other hand, overexpression of TRPM4 counteracts the aforementioned changes. Conclusion: TRPM4 participates in vascular endothelial injury caused by PA. Therefore, targeting TRPM4 or miR-133a-3p may offer a novel pharmacological approach to preventing endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Xue
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Tong
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuyao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Haijun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongzhao Lv
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lingzhao Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuxuan Han
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuyang Fu
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongzhen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rong Huo
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Ban
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Drug Research and Development of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases in Frigid Zone, The National Development and Reform Commission, Harbin, China
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31
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Waithe OY, Peng X, Childs EW, Tharakan B. Measurement of Transendothelial Electrical Resistance in Blood-Brain Barrier Endothelial Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2711:199-203. [PMID: 37776459 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3429-5_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the protective barrier of the brain, is key to maintaining normal microvascular permeability and brain homeostasis. Brain microvascular endothelial cells are primary components of the blood-brain barrier. Transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) is the electrical resistance across a cellular monolayer such as the brain microvascular endothelial cell monolayers. Measurement of TEER is considered a sensitive, reliable, and noninvasive method for evaluating barrier integrity and permeability of an endothelial cell monolayer under in vitro conditions. Measurement of TEER is also helpful for studying various cellular and molecular changes and signaling events that regulate barrier functions in endothelial monolayers. One of the in vitro endothelial cell barrier models that have been commonly used for measuring TEER is the BBB model using human or rodent brain microvascular endothelial cells grown as a monolayer. In this protocol, we describe how TEER is measured in brain microvascular endothelial cell monolayers, to determine blood-brain barrier integrity under in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- O'lisa Yaa Waithe
- Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xu Peng
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Ed W Childs
- Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Binu Tharakan
- Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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32
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Iannotta D, A A, Kijas AW, Rowan AE, Wolfram J. Entry and exit of extracellular vesicles to and from the blood circulation. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:13-20. [PMID: 38110531 PMCID: PMC10872389 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biological nanoparticles that promote intercellular communication by delivering bioactive cargo over short and long distances. Short-distance communication takes place in the interstitium, whereas long-distance communication is thought to require transport through the blood circulation to reach distal sites. Extracellular vesicle therapeutics are frequently injected systemically, and diagnostic approaches often rely on the detection of organ-derived EVs in the blood. However, the mechanisms by which EVs enter and exit the circulation are poorly understood. Here, the lymphatic system and transport across the endothelial barrier through paracellular and transcellular routes are discussed as potential pathways for EV entry to and exit from the blood circulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Iannotta
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amruta A
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda W Kijas
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alan E Rowan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joy Wolfram
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
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33
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Zhang H, Gu Y, Zhang K, Tu Y, Ouyang C. Roles and mechanisms of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of diabetic foot: A review of preclinical and clinical studies. J Diabetes Complications 2024; 38:108671. [PMID: 38154217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Growing preclinical and clinical evidence has suggested the potential method of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) therapy for diabetic foot. Thus, the authors provided an outline of the application of UCMSCs in the treatment of diabetic foot and further summarized the roles and mechanisms of this therapy. DATA SYNTHESIS With no time limitations, the authors searched the Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PubMed (MEDLINE) databases. 14 studies were included, including 9 preclinical experiments and 5 clinical trials (3 RCTs and 2 single-arm trials). CONCLUSIONS The UCMSCs are of great efficacy and safety, and function mainly by reducing inflammation, regulating immunity, promoting growth factors, and enhancing the functions of vascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes. As a result, ulcer healing-related biological processes ensue, which finally lead to diabetic foot ulcer healing and clinical symptom improvement. UCMSC treatment enhances diabetic foot ulcer healing and has a safety profile. They function mainly by modulating immunity, promoting growth factor secretion, and enhancing cellular functions. More well-designed preclinical and clinical studies are needed to provide the most optimal protocol, the comprehensive molecular mechanisms, as well as to further evaluate the efficiency and safety profile of UCMSC treatment in diabetic foot patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haorui Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yuanrui Gu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yanxia Tu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Chenxi Ouyang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
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Saravi B, Goebel U, Hassenzahl LO, Jung C, David S, Feldheiser A, Stopfkuchen-Evans M, Wollborn J. Capillary leak and endothelial permeability in critically ill patients: a current overview. Intensive Care Med Exp 2023; 11:96. [PMID: 38117435 PMCID: PMC10733291 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-023-00582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) represents a phenotype of increased fluid extravasation, resulting in intravascular hypovolemia, extravascular edema formation and ultimately hypoperfusion. While endothelial permeability is an evolutionary preserved physiological process needed to sustain life, excessive fluid leak-often caused by systemic inflammation-can have detrimental effects on patients' outcomes. This article delves into the current understanding of CLS pathophysiology, diagnosis and potential treatments. Systemic inflammation leading to a compromise of endothelial cell interactions through various signaling cues (e.g., the angiopoietin-Tie2 pathway), and shedding of the glycocalyx collectively contribute to the manifestation of CLS. Capillary permeability subsequently leads to the seepage of protein-rich fluid into the interstitial space. Recent insights into the importance of the sub-glycocalyx space and preserving lymphatic flow are highlighted for an in-depth understanding. While no established diagnostic criteria exist and CLS is frequently diagnosed by clinical characteristics only, we highlight more objective serological and (non)-invasive measurements that hint towards a CLS phenotype. While currently available treatment options are limited, we further review understanding of fluid resuscitation and experimental approaches to target endothelial permeability. Despite the improved understanding of CLS pathophysiology, efforts are needed to develop uniform diagnostic criteria, associate clinical consequences to these criteria, and delineate treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Saravi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Goebel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, St. Franziskus-Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Lars O Hassenzahl
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Jung
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sascha David
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aarne Feldheiser
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Huyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft, University of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Stopfkuchen-Evans
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jakob Wollborn
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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35
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Arce FT, Younger S, Gaber AA, Mascarenhas JB, Rodriguez M, Dudek SM, Garcia JGN. Lamellipodia dynamics and microrheology in endothelial cell paracellular gap closure. Biophys J 2023; 122:4730-4747. [PMID: 37978804 PMCID: PMC10754712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) form a semipermeable barrier separating vascular contents from the interstitium, thereby regulating the movement of water and molecular solutes across small intercellular gaps, which are continuously forming and closing. Under inflammatory conditions, however, larger EC gaps form resulting in increased vascular leakiness to circulating fluid, proteins, and cells, which results in organ edema and dysfunction responsible for key pathophysiologic findings in numerous inflammatory disorders. In this study, we extend our earlier work examining the biophysical properties of EC gap formation and now address the role of lamellipodia, thin sheet-like membrane projections from the leading edge, in modulating EC spatial-specific contractile properties and gap closure. Micropillars, fabricated by soft lithography, were utilized to form reproducible paracellular gaps in human lung ECs. Using time-lapse imaging via optical microscopy, rates of EC gap closure and motility were measured with and without EC stimulation with the barrier-enhancing sphingolipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate. Peripheral ruffle formation was ubiquitous during gap closure. Kymographs were generated to quantitatively compare the lamellipodia dynamics of sphingosine-1-phosphate-stimulated and -unstimulated ECs. Utilizing atomic force microscopy, we characterized the viscoelastic behavior of EC lamellipodia. Our results indicate decreased stiffness and increased liquid-like behavior of expanding lamellipodia compared with regions away from the cellular edge (lamella and cell body) during EC gap closure, results in sync with the rapid kinetics of protrusion/retraction motion. We hypothesize this dissipative EC behavior during gap closure is linked to actomyosin cytoskeletal rearrangement and decreased cross-linking during lamellipodia expansion. In summary, these studies of the kinetic and mechanical properties of EC lamellipodia and ruffles at gap boundaries yield insights into the mechanisms of vascular barrier restoration and potentially a model system for examining the druggability of lamellipodial protein targets to enhance vascular barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Teran Arce
- The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, University of Florida, Jupiter, Florida.
| | - Scott Younger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Amir A Gaber
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Marisela Rodriguez
- The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, University of Florida, Jupiter, Florida; Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Steven M Dudek
- Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, University of Florida, Jupiter, Florida.
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36
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Zhu W, Liu X, Luo L, Huang X, Wang X. Interaction between mitochondrial homeostasis and barrier function in lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial cell injury. Int J Exp Pathol 2023; 104:272-282. [PMID: 37828780 PMCID: PMC10652695 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of mitochondrial homeostasis on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endothelial cell barrier function and the mechanisms that underlie these effects. Cells were treated with LPS or oligomycin (mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthase inhibitor) and the mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were evaluated. Moreover, the shedding of glycocalyx-heparan sulphate (HS), the levels of HS-specific degrading enzyme heparanase (HPA), and the expression of occludin and zonula occludens (ZO-1) of Tight Junctions (TJ)s, which are mediated by myosin light chain phosphorylation (p-MLC), were assessed. Examining the changes in mitochondrial homeostasis showed that adding heparinase III, which is an exogenous HPA, can destroy the integrity of glycocalyx. LPS simultaneously increased mitochondrial swelling, mtROS, and ΔΨm. Without oligomycin effects, HS, HPA levels, and p-MLC were found to be elevated, and the destruction of occludin and ZO-1 increased. Heparinase III not only damaged the glycocalyx by increasing HS shedding but also increased mitochondrial swelling and mtROS and decreased ΔΨm. Mitochondrial homeostasis is involved in LPS-induced endothelial cell barrier dysfunction by aggravating HPA and p-MLC levels. In turn, the integrated glycocalyx protects mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhu
- Department of Intensive Care UnitBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Intensive Care UnitBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Liqing Luo
- Department of HematologyBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Intensive Care UnitBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- Department of Intensive Care UnitBinzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouChina
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Gouchoe DA, Whitson BA, Zhu H. The Next Frontier in Lung Transplantation: Protecting the Endothelium and Repairing Organs for Transplant Utilizing MG53. CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL DISCOVERY 2023; 3:e255. [PMID: 38774634 PMCID: PMC11104552 DOI: 10.1002/ctd2.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Doug A. Gouchoe
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, The United States
| | - Bryan A. Whitson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, The United States
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, The United States
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Miyazaki T. Calpain and Cardiometabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16782. [PMID: 38069105 PMCID: PMC10705917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Calpain is defined as a member of the superfamily of cysteine proteases possessing the CysPC motif within the gene. Calpain-1 and -2, which are categorized as conventional isozymes, execute limited proteolysis in a calcium-dependent fashion. Accordingly, the calpain system participates in physiological and pathological phenomena, including cell migration, apoptosis, and synaptic plasticity. Recent investigations have unveiled the contributions of both conventional and unconventional calpains to the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disorders. In the context of atherosclerosis, overactivation of conventional calpain attenuates the barrier function of vascular endothelial cells and decreases the immunosuppressive effects attributed to lymphatic endothelial cells. In addition, calpain-6 induces aberrant mRNA splicing in macrophages, conferring atheroprone properties. In terms of diabetes, polymorphisms of the calpain-10 gene can modify insulin secretion and glucose disposal. Moreover, conventional calpain reportedly participates in amino acid production from vascular endothelial cells to induce alteration of amino acid composition in the liver microenvironment, thereby facilitating steatohepatitis. Such multifaceted functionality of calpain underscores its potential as a promising candidate for pharmaceutical targets for the treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. Consequently, the present review highlights the pivotal role of calpains in the complications of cardiometabolic diseases and embarks upon a characterization of calpains as molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Miyazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Stierschneider A, Wiesner C. Shedding light on the molecular and regulatory mechanisms of TLR4 signaling in endothelial cells under physiological and inflamed conditions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1264889. [PMID: 38077393 PMCID: PMC10704247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1264889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are part of the innate immune system. They are capable of recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) of microbes, and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) of damaged tissues. Activation of TLR4 initiates downstream signaling pathways that trigger the secretion of cytokines, type I interferons, and other pro-inflammatory mediators that are necessary for an immediate immune response. However, the systemic release of pro-inflammatory proteins is a powerful driver of acute and chronic inflammatory responses. Over the past decades, immense progress has been made in clarifying the molecular and regulatory mechanisms of TLR4 signaling in inflammation. However, the most common strategies used to study TLR4 signaling rely on genetic manipulation of the TLR4 or the treatment with agonists such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, which are often associated with the generation of irreversible phenotypes in the target cells or unintended cytotoxicity and signaling crosstalk due to off-target or pleiotropic effects. Here, optogenetics offers an alternative strategy to control and monitor cellular signaling in an unprecedented spatiotemporally precise, dose-dependent, and non-invasive manner. This review provides an overview of the structure, function and signaling pathways of the TLR4 and its fundamental role in endothelial cells under physiological and inflammatory conditions, as well as the advances in TLR4 modulation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Wiesner
- Department Science & Technology, Institute Biotechnology, IMC Krems University of Applied Sciences, Krems, Austria
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Rudraraju M, Shan S, Liu F, Tyler J, Caldwell RB, Somanath PR, Narayanan SP. Pharmacological Modulation of β-Catenin Preserves Endothelial Barrier Integrity and Mitigates Retinal Vascular Permeability and Inflammation. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7145. [PMID: 38002758 PMCID: PMC10672253 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Compromised blood-retinal barrier (BRB) integrity is a significant factor in ocular diseases like uveitis and retinopathies, leading to pathological vascular permeability and retinal edema. Adherens and tight junction (AJ and TJ) dysregulation due to retinal inflammation plays a pivotal role in BRB disruption. We investigated the potential of ICG001, which inhibits β-catenin-mediated transcription, in stabilizing cell junctions and preventing BRB leakage. In vitro studies using human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) showed that ICG001 treatment improved β-Catenin distribution within AJs post lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment and enhanced monolayer barrier resistance. The in vivo experiments involved a mouse model of LPS-induced ocular inflammation. LPS treatment resulted in increased albumin leakage from retinal vessels, elevated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Plasmalemmal Vesicle-Associated Protein (PLVAP) expression, as well as microglia and macroglia activation. ICG001 treatment (i.p.) effectively mitigated albumin leakage, reduced VEGF and PLVAP expression, and reduced the number of activated microglia/macrophages. Furthermore, ICG001 treatment suppressed the surge in inflammatory cytokine synthesis induced by LPS. These findings highlight the potential of interventions targeting β-Catenin to enhance cell junction stability and improve compromised barrier integrity in various ocular inflammatory diseases, offering hope for better management and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Rudraraju
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Research and Development, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Shengshuai Shan
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Research and Development, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Research and Development, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jennifer Tyler
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ruth B. Caldwell
- Research and Development, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Payaningal R. Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Research and Development, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - S. Priya Narayanan
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Research and Development, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Li S, Yang M, Zhao R, Peng L, Liu W, Jiang X, He Y, Dai E, Zhang L, Yang Y, Shi Y, Zhao P, Yang Z, Zhu X. Defective EMC1 drives abnormal retinal angiogenesis via Wnt/β-catenin signaling and may be associated with the pathogenesis of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2572-2585. [PMID: 37554197 PMCID: PMC10404869 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein complex (EMC) is required for the co-translational insertion of newly synthesized multi-transmembrane proteins. Compromised EMC function in different cell types has been implicated in multiple diseases. Using inducible genetic mouse models, we revealed defects in retinal vascularization upon endothelial cell (EC) specific deletion of Emc1, the largest subunit of EMC. Loss of Emc1 in ECs led to reduced vascular progression and vascular density, diminished tip cell sprouts, and vascular leakage. We then performed an unbiased transcriptomic analysis on human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs) and revealed a pivotal role of EMC1 in the β-catenin signaling pathway. Further in-vitro and in-vivo experiments proved that loss of EMC1 led to compromised β-catenin signaling activity through reduced expression of Wnt receptor FZD4, which could be restored by lithium chloride (LiCl) treatment. Driven by these findings, we screened genomic DNA samples from familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) patients and identified one heterozygous variant in EMC1 that co-segregated with FEVR phenotype in the family. In-vitro expression experiments revealed that this variant allele failed to facilitate the expression of FZD4 on the plasma membrane and activate the β-catenin signaling pathway, which might be a main cause of FEVR. In conclusion, our findings reveal that variants in EMC1 gene cause compromised β-catenin signaling activity, which may be associated with the pathogenesis of FEVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujin Li
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Mu Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Rulian Zhao
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Li Peng
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yunqi He
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Erkuan Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yeming Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yi Shi
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Peiquan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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42
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Sui C, Lee W. Role of interleukin 6 and its soluble receptor on the diffusion barrier dysfunction of alveolar tissue. Biomed Microdevices 2023; 25:40. [PMID: 37851124 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
During respiratory infection, barrier dysfunction in alveolar tissue can result from "cytokine storm" caused by overly reactive immune response. Particularly, interleukin 6 (IL-6) is implicated as a key biomarker of cytokine storm responsible for and further progression to pulmonary edema. In this study, alveolar-like tissue was reconstructed in a microfluidic device with: (1) human microvascular lung endothelial cells (HULEC-5a) cultured under flow-induced shear stress and (2) human epithelial cells (Calu-3) cultured at air-liquid interface. The effects of IL-6 and the soluble form of its receptor (sIL-6R) on the permeability, electrical resistance, and morphology of the endothelial and epithelial layers were evaluated. The diffusion barrier properties of both the endothelial and epithelial layers were significantly degraded only when IL-6 treatment was combined with sIL-6R. As suggested by recent review and clinical studies, our results provide unequivocal evidence that the barrier dysfunction occurs through trans-signaling in which IL-6 and sIL-6R form a complex and then bind to the surface of endothelial and epithelial cells, but not by classical signaling in which IL-6 binds to membrane-expressed IL-6 receptor. This finding suggests that the role of both IL-6 and sIL-6R should be considered as important biomarkers in developing strategies for treating cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sui
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point On Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, USA
| | - Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point On Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point On Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, USA.
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43
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Zeng Q, Liu J, Hao C, Zhang B, Zhang H. Making sense of flavivirus non-strctural protein 1 in innate immune evasion and inducing tissue-specific damage. Virus Res 2023; 336:199222. [PMID: 37716670 PMCID: PMC10518729 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Flaviviruses include medically important mosquito-borne pathogens, such as Zika virus (ZIKV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile virus (WNV), that cause hundreds of millions of infections each year. Currently, there are no approved effect therapies against mosquito-borne flaviviruses. The flaviviruses encoded nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) is a secreted glycoprotein widely involved in viral replication, immune evasion, and directly causing tissue-specific damage during flaviviruses infection. Upon viral infection of host cell, NS1 can be found in multiple oligomeric forms and include a dimer on the cell surface, and a soluble secreted hexameric lipoparticle. In the recent decade, the detailed crystal structure of several flaviviruses NS1 have been determined and unraveled its broader and deeper functions. Consistent with the potential immune function revealed by its structure, NS1 is involved in the escaping of host signal immune pathway mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including RIG-I-like receptors (RLRS) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Moreover, the flavivirus NS1 is efficiently secreted by infected cells and circulates in the blood of the host to directly induce specific tissues damage. The NS1 of ZIKV, JEV and WNV changes the permeability of brain microvascular endothelial cell to cause endothelial cell dysfunction and promote virus pathogenesis. DENV NS1 can induce systemic tissues damage in humans through multiple strategies. Mutations of several key amino acids in NS1 can reduce the neurovirulence of the flavivirus. In this article, we provide an overview of the latest research on this fascinating protein in these disparate areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Chenlin Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Honglei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
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Ibrahim DM, Fomina A, Bouten CVC, Smits AIPM. Functional regeneration at the blood-biomaterial interface. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 201:115085. [PMID: 37690484 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of cardiovascular implants is commonplace in clinical practice. However, reproducing the key bioactive and adaptive properties of native cardiovascular tissues with an artificial replacement is highly challenging. Exciting new treatment strategies are under development to regenerate (parts of) cardiovascular tissues directly in situ using immunomodulatory biomaterials. Direct exposure to the bloodstream and hemodynamic loads is a particular challenge, given the risk of thrombosis and adverse remodeling that it brings. However, the blood is also a source of (immune) cells and proteins that dominantly contribute to functional tissue regeneration. This review explores the potential of the blood as a source for the complete or partial in situ regeneration of cardiovascular tissues, with a particular focus on the endothelium, being the natural blood-tissue barrier. We pinpoint the current scientific challenges to enable rational engineering and testing of blood-contacting implants to leverage the regenerative potential of the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Aleksandra Fomina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Graduate School of Life Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Anthal I P M Smits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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45
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Sigdel I, Ofori-Kwafo A, Heizelman RJ, Nestor-Kalinoski A, Prabhakarpandian B, Tiwari AK, Tang Y. Biomimetic on-chip assay reveals the anti-metastatic potential of a novel thienopyrimidine compound in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1227119. [PMID: 37840664 PMCID: PMC10569307 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1227119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study presents a microfluidic tumor microenvironment (TME) model for evaluating the anti-metastatic efficacy of a novel thienopyrimidines analog with anti-cancer properties utilizing an existing commercial platform. The microfluidic device consists of a tissue compartment flanked by vascular channels, allowing for the co-culture of multiple cell types and providing a wide range of culturing conditions in one device. Methods: Human metastatic, drug-resistant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells (SUM159PTX) and primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used to model the TME. A dynamic perfusion scheme was employed to facilitate EC physiological function and lumen formation. Results: The measured permeability of the EC barrier was comparable to observed microvessels permeability in vivo. The TNBC cells formed a 3D tumor, and co-culture with HUVEC negatively impacted EC barrier integrity. The microfluidic TME was then used to model the intravenous route of drug delivery. Paclitaxel (PTX) and a novel non-apoptotic agent TPH104c were introduced via the vascular channels and successfully reached the TNBC tumor, resulting in both time and concentration-dependent tumor growth inhibition. PTX treatment significantly reduced EC barrier integrity, highlighting the adverse effects of PTX on vascular ECs. TPH104c preserved EC barrier integrity and prevented TNBC intravasation. Discussion: In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of microfluidics for studying complex biological processes in a controlled environment and evaluating the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents in more physiologically relevant conditions. This model can be a valuable tool for screening potential anticancer drugs and developing personalized cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Sigdel
- Biofluidics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Awurama Ofori-Kwafo
- Biofluidics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Robert J. Heizelman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Andrea Nestor-Kalinoski
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | | | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Yuan Tang
- Biofluidics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
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Xue S, Zhou X, Yang ZH, Si XK, Sun X. Stroke-induced damage on the blood-brain barrier. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1248970. [PMID: 37840921 PMCID: PMC10569696 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1248970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a functional phenotype exhibited by the neurovascular unit (NVU). It is maintained and regulated by the interaction between cellular and non-cellular matrix components of the NVU. The BBB plays a vital role in maintaining the dynamic stability of the intracerebral microenvironment as a barrier layer at the critical interface between the blood and neural tissues. The large contact area (approximately 20 m2/1.3 kg brain) and short diffusion distance between neurons and capillaries allow endothelial cells to dominate the regulatory role. The NVU is a structural component of the BBB. Individual cells and components of the NVU work together to maintain BBB stability. One of the hallmarks of acute ischemic stroke is the disruption of the BBB, including impaired function of the tight junction and other molecules, as well as increased BBB permeability, leading to brain edema and a range of clinical symptoms. This review summarizes the cellular composition of the BBB and describes the protein composition of the barrier functional junction complex and the mechanisms regulating acute ischemic stroke-induced BBB disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xin Sun
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Baoyinna B, Miao J, Oliver PJ, Ye Q, Shaheen N, Kalin T, He J, Parinandi NL, Zhao Y, Zhao J. Non-Lethal Doses of RSL3 Impair Microvascular Endothelial Barrier through Degradation of Sphingosie-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 and Cytoskeletal Arrangement in A Ferroptosis-Independent Manner. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2451. [PMID: 37760892 PMCID: PMC10525432 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The excess microvascular endothelial permeability is a hallmark of acute inflammatory diseases. Maintenance of microvascular integrity is critical to preventing leakage of vascular components into the surrounding tissues. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an active lysophospholipid that enhances the endothelial cell (EC) barrier via activation of its receptor S1PR1. Here, we delineate the effect of non-lethal doses of RSL3, an inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), on EC barrier function. Low doses of RSL3 (50-100 nM) attenuated S1P-induced human lung microvascular barrier enhancement and the phosphorylation of AKT. To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which RSL3 attenuates S1P's effect, we examined the S1PR1 levels. RSL3 treatment reduced S1PR1 levels in 1 h, whereas the effect was attenuated by the proteasome and lysosome inhibitors as well as a lipid raft inhibitor. Immunofluorescence staining showed that RSL3 induced S1PR1 internalization from the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm. Furthermore, we found that RSL3 (100 and 200 nM) increased EC barrier permeability and cytoskeletal rearrangement without altering cell viability. Taken together, our data delineates that non-lethal doses of RSL3 impair EC barrier function via two mechanisms. RSL3 attenuates S1P1-induced EC barrier enhancement and disrupts EC barrier integrity through the generation of 4-hydroxynonena (4HNE). All these effects are independent of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boina Baoyinna
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jiaxing Miao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Patrick J. Oliver
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Qinmao Ye
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nargis Shaheen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Timothy Kalin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jinshan He
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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48
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Berger AG, Deiss-Yehiely E, Vo C, McCoy MG, Almofty S, Feinberg MW, Hammond PT. Electrostatically assembled wound dressings deliver pro-angiogenic anti-miRs preferentially to endothelial cells. Biomaterials 2023; 300:122188. [PMID: 37329684 PMCID: PMC10424785 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic non-healing wounds occur frequently in individuals affected by diabetes, yet standard-of-care treatment leaves many patients inadequately treated or with recurring wounds. MicroRNA (miR) expression is dysregulated in diabetic wounds and drives an anti-angiogenic phenotype, but miRs can be inhibited with short, chemically-modified RNA oligonucleotides (anti-miRs). Clinical translation of anti-miRs is hindered by delivery challenges such as rapid clearance and uptake by off-target cells, requiring repeated injections, excessively large doses, and bolus dosing mismatched to the dynamics of the wound healing process. To address these limitations, we engineered electrostatically assembled wound dressings that locally release anti-miR-92a, as miR-92a is implicated in angiogenesis and wound repair. In vitro, anti-miR-92a released from these dressings was taken up by cells and inhibited its target. An in vivo cellular biodistribution study in murine diabetic wounds revealed that endothelial cells, which play a critical role in angiogenesis, exhibit higher uptake of anti-miR eluted from coated dressings than other cell types involved in the wound healing process. In a proof-of-concept efficacy study in the same wound model, anti-miR targeting anti-angiogenic miR-92a de-repressed target genes, increased gross wound closure, and induced a sex-dependent increase in vascularization. Overall, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates a facile, translational materials approach for modulating gene expression in ulcer endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis and wound healing. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of probing cellular interactions between the drug delivery system and the target cells to drive therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Berger
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elad Deiss-Yehiely
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chau Vo
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael G McCoy
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Almofty
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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49
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Vielmuth F, Radeva MY, Yeruva S, Sigmund AM, Waschke J. cAMP: A master regulator of cadherin-mediated binding in endothelium, epithelium and myocardium. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 238:e14006. [PMID: 37243909 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of cadherin-mediated cell adhesion is crucial not only for maintaining tissue integrity and barrier function in the endothelium and epithelium but also for electromechanical coupling within the myocardium. Therefore, loss of cadherin-mediated adhesion causes various disorders, including vascular inflammation and desmosome-related diseases such as the autoimmune blistering skin dermatosis pemphigus and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Mechanisms regulating cadherin-mediated binding contribute to the pathogenesis of diseases and may also be used as therapeutic targets. Over the last 30 years, cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) has emerged as one of the master regulators of cell adhesion in endothelium and, more recently, also in epithelial cells as well as in cardiomyocytes. A broad spectrum of experimental models from vascular physiology and cell biology applied by different generations of researchers provided evidence that not only cadherins of endothelial adherens junctions (AJ) but also desmosomal contacts in keratinocytes and the cardiomyocyte intercalated discs are central targets in this scenario. The molecular mechanisms involve protein kinase A- and exchange protein directly activated by cAMP-mediated regulation of Rho family GTPases and S665 phosphorylation of the AJ and desmosome adaptor protein plakoglobin. In line with this, phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors such as apremilast have been proposed as a therapeutic strategy to stabilize cadherin-mediated adhesion in pemphigus and may also be effective to treat other disorders where cadherin-mediated binding is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Vielmuth
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mariya Y Radeva
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sunil Yeruva
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna M Sigmund
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Waschke
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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50
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Lam DV, Javadekar A, Patil N, Yu M, Li L, Menendez DM, Gupta AS, Capadona JR, Shoffstall AJ. Platelets and hemostatic proteins are co-localized with chronic neuroinflammation surrounding implanted intracortical microelectrodes. Acta Biomater 2023; 166:278-290. [PMID: 37211307 PMCID: PMC10330779 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Intracortical microelectrodes induce vascular injury upon insertion into the cortex. As blood vessels rupture, blood proteins and blood-derived cells (including platelets) are introduced into the 'immune privileged' brain tissues at higher-than-normal levels, passing through the damaged blood-brain barrier. Blood proteins adhere to implant surfaces, increasing the likelihood of cellular recognition leading to activation of immune and inflammatory cells. Persistent neuroinflammation is a major contributing factor to declining microelectrode recording performance. We investigated the spatial and temporal relationship of blood proteins fibrinogen and von Willebrand Factor (vWF), platelets, and type IV collagen, in relation to glial scarring markers for microglia and astrocytes following implantation of non-functional multi-shank silicon microelectrode probes into rats. Together with type IV collagen, fibrinogen and vWF augment platelet recruitment, activation, and aggregation. Our main results indicate blood proteins participating in hemostasis (fibrinogen and vWF) persisted at the microelectrode interface for up to 8-weeks after implantation. Further, type IV collagen and platelets surrounded the probe interface with similar spatial and temporal trends as vWF and fibrinogen. In addition to prolonged blood-brain barrier instability, specific blood and extracellular matrix proteins may play a role in promoting the inflammatory activation of platelets and recruitment to the microelectrode interface. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Implanted microelectrodes have substantial potential for restoring function to people with paralysis and amputation by providing signals that feed into natural control algorithms that drive prosthetic devices. Unfortunately, these microelectrodes do not display robust performance over time. Persistent neuroinflammation is widely thought to be a primary contributor to the devices' progressive decline in performance. Our manuscript reports on the highly local and persistent accumulation of platelets and hemostatic blood proteins around the microelectrode interface of brain implants. To our knowledge neuroinflammation driven by cellular and non-cellular responses associated with hemostasis and coagulation has not been rigorously quantified elsewhere. Our findings identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention and a better understanding of the driving mechanisms to neuroinflammation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny V Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anisha Javadekar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Marina Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Longshun Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dhariyat M Menendez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anirban Sen Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Capadona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Andrew J Shoffstall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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