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Cao Z, Jiang X, He Y, Zheng X. Metabolic landscape in venous thrombosis: insights into molecular biology and therapeutic implications. Ann Med 2024; 56:2401112. [PMID: 39297312 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2401112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The findings of the last decade suggest a complex link between inflammatory cells, coagulation, and the activation of platelets and their synergistic interaction to promote venous thrombosis. Inflammation is present throughout the process of venous thrombosis, and various metabolic pathways of erythrocytes, endothelial cells, and immune cells involved in venous thrombosis, including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, homocysteine metabolism, and oxidative stress, are associated with inflammation. While the metabolic microenvironment has been identified as a marker of malignancy, recent studies have revealed that for cancer thrombosis, alterations in the metabolic microenvironment appear to also be a potential risk. In this review, we discuss how the synergy between metabolism and thrombosis drives thrombotic disease. We also explore the great potential of anti-inflammatory strategies targeting venous thrombosis and the complex link between anti-inflammation and metabolism. Furthermore, we suggest how we can use our existing knowledge to reduce the risk of venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yiyu He
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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2
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Zhang X, Chen J, Qiu C, He Y, Wang B, Zhang H, Wu Z, Chen D. Validation of classification system for isolated superior mesenteric artery dissections using image-based computational flow analysis. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 255:108364. [PMID: 39146760 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (ISMAD) is a rare but potentially fatal vascular disorder. Classifications for ISMAD were previously proposed based on morphometric features. However, the classification systems were not standardized and verified yet. This study conducted computational flow analysis to validate the latest classification system of ISMAD and aid clinical decision-making based on hemodynamic parameters. METHODS 62 patients with ISMAD were included and classified into different types according to false lumen structures (five types, Type I-V) and true lumen patency (two types, Type P and Type S) according to Qiu classification system. Computational fluid dynamics and three-dimensional structural analyses were conducted on the basis of computed tomography angiography datasets. Quantitative and qualitative functional analyses were performed via parameters of interest including volume flow of each minute, pressure drop, pressure gradient, the derivative parameters of wall shear stress such as time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and the relative residence time (RRT). Statistical analyses were conducted among different ISMAD types. RESULTS TAWSS, OSI and RRT showed significant difference among different types when classified using false lumen structures. In detail, Type IV showed significantly higher TAWSS than other types (p = 0.007). OSI was obviously higher in Type II (p = 0.015). Type IV also presented the lowest RRT (p = 0.005). The pressure drop, pressure gradient, OSI and RRT showed higher value in Type S than that in Type P, demonstrating a statistical significance with p values of 0.017, 0.041, 0.001 and 0.012, respectively. While Type P had larger volume flow than Type S (p = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS The notable differences in hemodynamic features among different types demonstrated the feasibility of Qiu classification system. The evaluation based on hemodynamic simulation might also provide insights into risk identification and guide therapeutic decisions for ISMAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehuan Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiale Chen
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chenyang Qiu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yangyan He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hongkun Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ziheng Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Duanduan Chen
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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3
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Wang F, Wang B, Guo J, Zhang T, Mu W, Liu C. Computational model-based hemodynamic comparisons of traditional and modified idealized models of autologous radiocephalic fistula. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2024; 40:e3856. [PMID: 39075745 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a commonly used vascular access (VA) for hemodialysis, and hemodynamic changes are one of the main factors for its failure. To explore the effect of geometry on the hemodynamics in the AVF, a modified model is built with a gradual and smooth turn at the anastomosis and is compared with the traditional model, which has an abrupt sharp turn at the anastomisis. Transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed for the comparison and analysis of the hemodynamic fields of the two models at different stages of the pulse cycle. The results showed that the low shear stress region and high oscillatory shear stress region in the modified AVF model coincided with regions of intimal hyperplasia that have been identified by previous studies. A comparison with the blood flow velocities measured in vivo was performed, and the error between the simulation results and the medical data was reduced by 22% in the modified model, which verifies the rationality and utility of the modified model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Baohui Wang
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jinfeng Guo
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Weina Mu
- School of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Ultrasonography Department, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University/School of Clinical Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
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Zhang K, Song P, Pei Y, Liu X, Dai M, Wen J. Numerical investigation on the impact of different coronary aneurysms morphologies on thrombus formation and hemodynamics: a comparative study. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2024; 23:1631-1647. [PMID: 38844734 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-024-01859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are morphologically classified as saccular and fusiform. There is still a great deal of clinical controversy as to which types of CAA are more likely to cause thrombosis. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the trend of thrombus growth in CAAs with different morphologies and to assess the risk of possible long-term complications based on hemodynamic parameters. Utilizing computed tomography angiography (CTA) data from eight healthy coronary arteries, two distinct morphologies of coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) were reconstructed. Distribution of four wall shear stress (WSS)-based indicators and three helicity indicators was analyzed in this study. Meanwhile, a thrombus growth model was introduced to analyze the thrombus formation in CAAs with different morphologies. The research results showed the distribution of most WSS indicators between saccular and fusiform CAAs was not statistically significant. However, due to the presence of a more pronounced helical flow pattern, irregular helical flow structure and longer time of flow stagnation in saccular CAAs during the cardiac cycle, the mean and maximum relative residence time (RRT) were significantly higher in saccular CAAs than in fusiform CAAs (P < 0.05). This may increase the risk of saccular coronary arteries leading to aneurysmal dilatation or even rupture. Although the two CAAs had similar rates of thrombosis, fusiform CAAs may more early cause obstruction of the main coronary flow channel where the aneurysm is located due to thrombosis growth. Thus, the risk of thrombosis in fusiform coronary aneurysms may warrant greater clinical concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle of Qinglong Avenue, Fucheng District, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Pan Song
- Department of Cardiology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Yan Pei
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle of Qinglong Avenue, Fucheng District, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle of Qinglong Avenue, Fucheng District, Mianyang, 621010, China.
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Sel K, Osman D, Zare F, Masoumi Shahrbabak S, Brattain L, Hahn JO, Inan OT, Mukkamala R, Palmer J, Paydarfar D, Pettigrew RI, Quyyumi AA, Telfer B, Jafari R. Building Digital Twins for Cardiovascular Health: From Principles to Clinical Impact. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e031981. [PMID: 39087582 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The past several decades have seen rapid advances in diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and stroke, enabled by technological breakthroughs in imaging, genomics, and physiological monitoring, coupled with therapeutic interventions. We now face the challenge of how to (1) rapidly process large, complex multimodal and multiscale medical measurements; (2) map all available data streams to the trajectories of disease states over the patient's lifetime; and (3) apply this information for optimal clinical interventions and outcomes. Here we review new advances that may address these challenges using digital twin technology to fulfill the promise of personalized cardiovascular medical practice. Rooted in engineering mechanics and manufacturing, the digital twin is a virtual representation engineered to model and simulate its physical counterpart. Recent breakthroughs in scientific computation, artificial intelligence, and sensor technology have enabled rapid bidirectional interactions between the virtual-physical counterparts with measurements of the physical twin that inform and improve its virtual twin, which in turn provide updated virtual projections of disease trajectories and anticipated clinical outcomes. Verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification builds confidence and trust by clinicians and patients in the digital twin and establishes boundaries for the use of simulations in cardiovascular medicine. Mechanistic physiological models form the fundamental building blocks of the personalized digital twin that continuously forecast optimal management of cardiovascular health using individualized data streams. We present exemplars from the existing body of literature pertaining to mechanistic model development for cardiovascular dynamics and summarize existing technical challenges and opportunities pertaining to the foundation of a digital twin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaan Sel
- Laboratory for Information & Decision Systems (LIDS) Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA
| | - Deen Osman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
| | - Fatemeh Zare
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
| | | | - Laura Brattain
- Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lexington MA USA
| | - Jin-Oh Hahn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA
| | - Omer T Inan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA
| | - Ramakrishna Mukkamala
- Department of Bioengineering and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Jeffrey Palmer
- Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lexington MA USA
| | - David Paydarfar
- Department of Neurology The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School Austin TX USA
| | | | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA
| | - Brian Telfer
- Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lexington MA USA
| | - Roozbeh Jafari
- Laboratory for Information & Decision Systems (LIDS) Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
- Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lexington MA USA
- School of Engineering Medicine Texas A&M University Houston TX USA
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Ekmejian AA, Carpenter HJ, Ciofani JL, Gray BHM, Allahwala UK, Ward M, Escaned J, Psaltis PJ, Bhindi R. Advances in the Computational Assessment of Disturbed Coronary Flow and Wall Shear Stress: A Contemporary Review. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e037129. [PMID: 39291505 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.037129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Coronary artery blood flow is influenced by various factors including vessel geometry, hemodynamic conditions, timing in the cardiac cycle, and rheological conditions. Multiple patterns of disturbed coronary flow may occur when blood flow separates from the laminar plane, associated with inefficient blood transit, and pathological processes modulated by the vascular endothelium in response to abnormal wall shear stress. Current simulation techniques, including computational fluid dynamics and fluid-structure interaction, can provide substantial detail on disturbed coronary flow and have advanced the contemporary understanding of the natural history of coronary disease. However, the clinical application of these techniques has been limited to hemodynamic assessment of coronary disease severity, with the potential to refine the assessment and management of coronary disease. Improved computational efficiency and large clinical trials are required to provide an incremental clinical benefit of these techniques beyond existing tools. This contemporary review is a clinically relevant overview of the disturbed coronary flow and its associated pathological consequences. The contemporary methods to assess disturbed flow are reviewed, including clinical applications of these techniques. Current limitations and future opportunities in the field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avedis Assadour Ekmejian
- Department of Cardiology Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney Australia
- University of Sydney Northern Clinical School Sydney Australia
| | - Harry James Carpenter
- Vascular Research Centre Lifelong Health Theme, South Australia Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide Australia
| | - Jonathan Laurence Ciofani
- Department of Cardiology Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney Australia
- University of Sydney Northern Clinical School Sydney Australia
| | | | - Usaid Khalil Allahwala
- Department of Cardiology Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney Australia
- University of Sydney Northern Clinical School Sydney Australia
| | - Michael Ward
- Department of Cardiology Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney Australia
- University of Sydney Northern Clinical School Sydney Australia
| | - Javier Escaned
- Department of Cardiology Hospital Universitario Clinico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Peter James Psaltis
- Vascular Research Centre Lifelong Health Theme, South Australia Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide Australia
- Adelaide Medical School The University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
- Department of Cardiology Central Adelaide Local Health Network Adelaide Australia
| | - Ravinay Bhindi
- Department of Cardiology Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney Australia
- University of Sydney Northern Clinical School Sydney Australia
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7
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Gou Y, Zhao A, Qin T, Yang B. Identification of the Neointimal Hyperplasia-Related LncRNA-mRNA-Immune Cell Regulatory Network in a Rat Carotid Artery Balloon Injury Model. Int Heart J 2024; 65:945-955. [PMID: 39261031 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.24-062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Excessive neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) of coronary vessels in patients is the main cause of restenosis (RS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to identify the regulatory genes related to NIH in a rat carotid artery balloon injury model.We established a rat model and performed RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs) and differentially expressed message RNAs (DEmRNAs). Immune cells were analyzed using a murine Microenvironment Cell Population counter. The Pearson correlation between DEmRNAs, DElncRNAs, and immune cells was analyzed, followed by function enrichment analysis. Core DEmRNA was identified using Cytoscape. Next, a core lncRNAs-mRNAs-immune cell regulatory network was constructed. NIH-related gene sets from the Gene Expression Omnibus and GeneCards databases were used for validation.A total of 2,165 DEmRNAs and 705 DElncRNAs were identified in rat carotid artery tissue. Four key immune cells were screened out, including mast cells, vessels, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. Based on the Pearson correlation between DEmRNAs, DElncRNAs and 4 key immune cells, 246 DEmRNAs and 93 DElncRNAs were obtained. DEmRNAs that interact with lncRNAs were mainly involved in the cell cycle, MAPK signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. A core lncRNA-mRNA-immune cell regulatory network was constructed, including 9 mRNAs, 4 lncRNAs, and fibroblasts. External datasets validation confirmed the significant correlation of both these mRNAs and lncRNAs with NIH.In this study, an lncRNA-mRNA-immune cell regulatory network related to NIH was constructed, which provided clues for exploring the potential mechanism of RS in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining Medical University Affiliated Jining No. 1 People's Hospital
| | - Anli Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining Medical University Affiliated Jining No. 1 People's Hospital
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital
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Lichtenstein L, Cheng CW, Bajarwan M, Evans EL, Gaunt HJ, Bartoli F, Chuntharpursat-Bon E, Patel S, Konstantinou C, Futers TS, Reay M, Parsonage G, Moore JB, Bertrand-Michel J, Sukumar P, Roberts LD, Beech DJ. Endothelial force sensing signals to parenchymal cells to regulate bile and plasma lipids. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadq3075. [PMID: 39331703 PMCID: PMC11430402 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adq3075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
How cardiovascular activity interacts with lipid homeostasis is incompletely understood. We postulated a role for blood flow acting at endothelium in lipid regulatory organs. Transcriptome analysis was performed on livers from mice engineered for deletion of the flow-sensing PIEZO1 channel in endothelium. This revealed unique up-regulation of Cyp7a1, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme for bile synthesis from cholesterol in hepatocytes. Consistent with this effect were increased gallbladder and plasma bile acids and lowered hepatic and plasma cholesterol. Elevated portal fluid flow acting via endothelial PIEZO1 and genetically enhanced PIEZO1 conversely suppressed Cyp7a1. Activation of hepatic endothelial PIEZO1 channels promoted phosphorylation of nitric oxide synthase 3, and portal flow-mediated suppression of Cyp7a1 depended on nitric oxide synthesis, suggesting endothelium-to-hepatocyte coupling via nitric oxide. PIEZO1 variants in people were associated with hepatobiliary disease and dyslipidemia. The data suggest an endothelial force sensing mechanism that controls lipid regulation in parenchymal cells to modulate whole-body lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laeticia Lichtenstein
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Chew W. Cheng
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Muath Bajarwan
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | | | - Fiona Bartoli
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Shaili Patel
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Charalampos Konstantinou
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | | | - Melanie Reay
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - J. Bernadette Moore
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- MetaToul-Lipidomics Facility, INSERM UMR1048, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Lee D. Roberts
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - David J. Beech
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Ramanathan R, Borum A, Rooney DM, Rabbany SY. Modeling Hemodynamics in Three-Dimensional, Biomimetic, Branched, Microfluidic, Vascular Networks. Microcirculation 2024:e12886. [PMID: 39321256 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neovascularization has been extensively studied because of its significant role in both physiological processes and diseases. The significance of vascular microfluidic platforms lies in its essential role in recreating an in vitro environment capable of supporting cellular and tissue systems through the process of neovascularization. Biomechanical properties in a tissue engineered system use fluid flow and transport properties to recapitulate physiological systems. This enables mimicry of organ systems which can further personalized and regenerative medicine. Thus, fluid hemodynamics can be used to study these flow patterns and create a system that mimics real physiological pathways and processes. The establishment of stable flow pathways encourages endothelial cells (ECs) ECs to undergo neovascularization. Specifically, the shear stress applied in capillary beds generates the increased proliferation and differentiation of ECs to build larger microcirculatory beds. MATHEMATICAL FRAMEWORK Here, we describe a mathematical model that uses branching patterns and vessel morphology to predict hemodynamic parameters in capillary beds. RESULTS A retinal capillary bed is used as one-use case of our model to show how the mathematical framework can be used to determine hemodynamic parameters for any microfluidic system. CONCLUSION In doing so, this tool can be altered to be used to supplement emerging research areas in neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Ramanathan
- Bioengineering Program, DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Andy Borum
- Mechanical Engineering Program, DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, USA
| | - David M Rooney
- Mechanical Engineering Program, DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Sina Y Rabbany
- Bioengineering Program, DeMatteis School of Engineering and Applied Science, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
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10
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Amoakon JP, Lee J, Liyanage P, Arora K, Karlstaedt A, Mylavarapu G, Amin R, Naren AP. Defective CFTR modulates mechanosensitive channels TRPV4 and PIEZO1 and drives endothelial barrier failure. iScience 2024; 27:110703. [PMID: 39252977 PMCID: PMC11382128 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Despite reports of CFTR expression on endothelial cells, pulmonary vascular perturbations, and perfusion deficits in CF patients, the mechanism of pulmonary vascular disease in CF remains unclear. Here, our pilot study of 40 CF patients reveals a loss of small pulmonary blood vessels in patients with severe lung disease. Using a vessel-on-a-chip model, we establish a shear-stress-dependent mechanism of endothelial barrier failure in CF involving TRPV4, a mechanosensitive channel. Furthermore, we demonstrate that CFTR deficiency downregulates the function of PIEZO1, another mechanosensitive channel involved in angiogenesis and wound repair, and exacerbates loss of small pulmonary blood vessel. We also show that CFTR directly interacts with PIEZO1 and enhances its function. Our study identifies key cellular targets to mitigate loss of small pulmonary blood vessels in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Amoakon
- Department of Systems Biology and Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jesun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pramodha Liyanage
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kavisha Arora
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anja Karlstaedt
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Goutham Mylavarapu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Raouf Amin
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anjaparavanda P Naren
- Department of Systems Biology and Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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11
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Karim ZA, Reese RA, Smith AN, Blackadar ME, Arora V, Moore NM, Johnson EA. Positive impact of nutrition in the prevention of peripheral vascular disease and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: review. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1418028. [PMID: 39364158 PMCID: PMC11448360 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1418028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research has shown that there is a link between the trend of cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), and medical nutrition therapy. Making positive changes to an individual's lifestyle can help to reduce the symptoms that follow exposure to CVD and COVID-19. Sustainable nutrition and lifestyle changes can positively impact an individual's health. Studies have considered the risk factors associated with the disease, medical history, the link between nutrition and peripheral vascular disease (PVD), symptom management, and the interrelationship between nutrition, COVID-19, and PVD. One study has demonstrated that Western Dietary intake can boost the innate immune system while suppressing humoral response, causing chronic inflammation and poor host defense against viruses. However, further investigation is needed to confirm. Patients with PVD and COVID-19 have experienced a reduction in side effects when prescribed a regimen of medical nutrition therapy, heart-healthy diets, and adequate physical activity before and after symptoms of both diseases appear. This approach has proven to be a protective factor during the combination of both illnesses. Our findings indicate that balanced diet and lifestyle are essential in supporting an optimal immune system that can reduce the risk of virus load in individuals at risk of infection and symptoms from COVID-19 and PVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair A Karim
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Rebecca A Reese
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Adrianne N Smith
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Madeline E Blackadar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Vishal Arora
- Department of Medicine: Cardiology, Wellstar MCG Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Nicole M Moore
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Emily A Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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12
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Noack D, van Haperen A, van den Hout MCGN, Marshall EM, Koutstaal RW, van Duinen V, Bauer L, van Zonneveld AJ, van IJcken WFJ, Koopmans MPG, Rockx B. A three-dimensional vessel-on-chip model to study Puumala orthohantavirus pathogenesis. LAB ON A CHIP 2024. [PMID: 39292495 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00543k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) infection in humans can result in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Endothelial cells (ECs) are primarily infected with increased vascular permeability as a central aspect of pathogenesis. Historically, most studies included ECs cultured under static two-dimensional (2D) conditions, thereby not recapitulating the physiological environment due to their lack of flow and inherent pro-inflammatory state. Here, we present a high-throughput model for culturing primary human umbilical vein ECs in 3D vessels-on-chip in which we compared host responses of these ECs to those of static 2D-cultured ECs on a transcriptional level. The phenotype of ECs in vessels-on-chip more closely resembled the in vivo situation due to higher similarity in expression of genes encoding described markers for disease severity and coagulopathy, including IDO1, LGALS3BP, IL6 and PLAT, and more diverse endothelial-leukocyte interactions in the context of PUUV infection. In these vessels-on-chip, PUUV infection did not directly increase vascular permeability, but increased monocyte adhesion. This platform can be used for studying pathogenesis and assessment of possible therapeutics for other endotheliotropic viruses even in high biocontainment facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Noack
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Anouk van Haperen
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mirjam C G N van den Hout
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Biomics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eleanor M Marshall
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Rosanne W Koutstaal
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Vincent van Duinen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Bauer
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F J van IJcken
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Biomics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion P G Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Barry Rockx
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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13
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Olansen J, Aaron RK. Similar Pathophysiological Mechanisms Between Osteoarthritis and Vascular Disease. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2024; 29:320. [PMID: 39344315 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2909320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent, chronic joint disorder affecting millions of people worldwide, characterized by articular cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, synovial cytokine secretion, and osteophyte formation. OA primarily affects the hips, knees, hands, and spine. Patients with OA exhibit a higher prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities and potentially important associations between OA and cardiovascular diseases have prompted investigations into potentially similar pathophysiological associations. This review explores the coexistence of atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease (ASPVD) in OA patients, including evidence from a contemporary study suggesting associations between OA and arterial wall thickness and blood flow changes which are characteristic of early atherosclerosis, and which stimulate reactive pathology in endothelial cells. Observations from this study demonstrate elevated arterial flow volume and increased intima-media thickness in arteries ipsilateral to OA knees, suggesting a potential link between OA and arterial wall disease. We further explore the intricate relationship between the vascular system and skeletal health, highlighting bidirectional interactions among endothelial cells, inflammatory cells, and various bone cells. Mechanical endothelial cell dysfunction is discussed, emphasizing the impact of vessel wall material changes and endothelial cell responses to alterations in fluid shear stress. Inflammatory changes in OA and ASPVD are also explored, showcasing shared pathophysiological processes involving immune cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, the role of hypofibrinolysis in OA and ASPVD is discussed, highlighting similarities in elevations of the hypercoagulative and hypofibrinolytic factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1). The review suggests a provocative relationship among low-grade chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and hypofibrinolytic states in OA and ASPVD, warranting further investigation. In conclusion, this review provides an exploration of the possible associations between OA and ASPVD. While the ongoing study's findings and other reports are observational, they suggest shared pathophysiological processes and emphasize the need for further research to elucidate additional potentially correlative linkages between these conditions. Understanding common molecular pathways may pave a way for targeted interventions that address both OA and ASPVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Olansen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, RI 02905, USA
| | - Roy K Aaron
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, RI 02905, USA
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14
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Al-Jumaily AM, Al-Rawi M, Belkacemi D, Sascău RA, Stătescu C, Țurcanu FE, Anghel L. Computational Modeling Approach to Profile Hemodynamical Behavior in a Healthy Aorta. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:914. [PMID: 39329656 PMCID: PMC11428636 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11090914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality among older adults. Early detection is critical as the prognosis for advanced-stage CVD is often poor. Consequently, non-invasive diagnostic tools that can assess hemodynamic function, particularly of the aorta, are essential. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a promising method for simulating cardiovascular dynamics efficiently and cost-effectively, using increasingly accessible computational resources. This study developed a CFD model to assess the aorta geometry using tetrahedral and polyhedral meshes. A healthy aorta was modeled with mesh sizes ranging from 0.2 to 1 mm. Key hemodynamic parameters, including blood pressure waveform, pressure difference, wall shear stress (WSS), and associated wall parameters like relative residence time (RRT), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) were evaluated. The performance of the CFD simulations, focusing on accuracy and processing time, was assessed to determine clinical viability. The CFD model demonstrated clinically acceptable results, achieving over 95% accuracy while reducing simulation time by up to 54%. The entire simulation process, from image construction to the post-processing of results, was completed in under 120 min. Both mesh types (tetrahedral and polyhedral) provided reliable outputs for hemodynamic analysis. This study provides a novel demonstration of the impact of mesh type in obtaining accurate hemodynamic data, quickly and efficiently, using CFD simulations for non-invasive aortic assessments. The method is particularly beneficial for routine check-ups, offering improved diagnostics for populations with limited healthcare access or higher cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Al-Jumaily
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Mohammad Al-Rawi
- Center for Engineering and Industrial Design, Waikato Institute of Technology, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
- Faculty of Engineering, Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Djelloul Belkacemi
- Unité de Développement des Equipements Solaires, UDES, Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, CDER, Tipaza 42004, Algeria
| | - Radu Andy Sascău
- Internal Medicine Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700503 Iași, Romania
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu, 700503 Iași, Romania
| | - Cristian Stătescu
- Internal Medicine Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700503 Iași, Romania
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu, 700503 Iași, Romania
| | - Florin-Emilian Țurcanu
- Building Services Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Larisa Anghel
- Internal Medicine Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700503 Iași, Romania
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu, 700503 Iași, Romania
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15
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Hermida U, van Poppel MPM, Sabry M, Keramati H, Steinweg JK, Simpson JM, Vigneswaran TV, Razavi R, Pushparajah K, Lloyd DFA, Lamata P, De Vecchi A. The onset of coarctation of the aorta before birth: Mechanistic insights from fetal arch anatomy and haemodynamics. Comput Biol Med 2024; 182:109077. [PMID: 39265477 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.109077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Accurate prenatal diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is challenging due to high false positive rate burden and poorly understood aetiology. Despite associations with abnormal blood flow dynamics, fetal arch anatomy changes and alterations in tissue properties, its underlying mechanisms remain a longstanding subject of debate hindering diagnosis in utero. This study leverages computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and statistical shape modelling to investigate the interplay between fetal arch anatomy and blood flow alterations in CoA. Using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging data from 188 fetuses, including normal controls and suspected CoA cases, a statistical shape model of the fetal arch anatomy was built. From this analysis, digital twin models of false and true positive CoA cases were generated. These models were then used to perform CFD simulations of the three-dimensional fetal arch haemodynamics, considering physiological variations in arch shape and blood flow conditions across the disease spectrum. This analysis revealed that independent changes in the shape of. the arch and the balance of left-to-right ventricular output led to qualitatively similar haemodynamic alterations. Transitioning from a false to a true positive phenotype increased retrograde flow through the aortic isthmus. This resulted in the appearance of an area of low wall shear stress surrounded by high wall shear stress values at the flow split apex on the aortic posterior wall opposite the ductal insertion point. Our results suggest a distinctive haemodynamic signature in CoA characterised by the appearance of retrograde flow through the aortic isthmus and altered wall shear stress at its posterior side. The consistent link between alterations in shape and blood flow in CoA suggests the need for comprehensive anatomical and functional diagnostic approaches in CoA. This study presents an application of the digital twin approach to support the understanding of CoA mechanisms in utero and its potential for improved diagnosis before birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uxio Hermida
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Milou P M van Poppel
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Malak Sabry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Hamed Keramati
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Johannes K Steinweg
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - John M Simpson
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children's Hospital, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Trisha V Vigneswaran
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children's Hospital, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Reza Razavi
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK; Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children's Hospital, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Kuberan Pushparajah
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK; Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children's Hospital, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - David F A Lloyd
- Department of Perinatal Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK; Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children's Hospital, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Pablo Lamata
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Adelaide De Vecchi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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16
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Moise K, Arun KM, Pillai M, Salvador J, Mehta AS, Goyal Y, Iruela-Arispe ML. Endothelial cell elongation and alignment in response to shear stress requires acetylation of microtubules. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1425620. [PMID: 39318362 PMCID: PMC11420013 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1425620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The innermost layer of the vessel wall is constantly subjected to recurring and relenting mechanical forces by virtue of their direct contact with blood flow. Endothelial cells of the vessel are exposed to distension, pressure, and shear stress; adaptation to these hemodynamic forces requires significant remodeling of the cytoskeleton which includes changes in actin, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. While much is known about the effect of shear stress on the endothelial actin cytoskeleton; the impact of hemodynamic forces on the microtubule network has not been investigated in depth. Here we used imaging techniques and protein expression analysis to characterize how pharmacological and genetic perturbations of microtubule properties alter endothelial responses to laminar shear stress. Our findings revealed that pharmacological suppression of microtubule dynamics blocked two typical responses to laminar shear stress: endothelial elongation and alignment. The findings demonstrate the essential contribution of the microtubule network to changes in cell shape driven by mechanical forces. Furthermore, we observed a flow-dependent increase in microtubule acetylation that occurred early in the process of cell elongation. Pharmacological manipulation of microtubule acetylation showed a direct and causal relationship between acetylation and endothelial elongation. Finally, genetic inactivation of aTAT1, a microtubule acetylase, led to significant loss of acetylation as well as inhibition of cell elongation in response to flow. In contrast, loss of HDAC6, a microtubule deacetylase, resulted in robust microtubule acetylation with cells displaying faster kinetics of elongation and alignment. Taken together, our findings uncovered the critical contributions of HDAC6 and aTAT1, that through their roles in the regulation of microtubule acetylation, are key mediators of endothelial mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiannah Moise
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Keerthana M. Arun
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Maalavika Pillai
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jocelynda Salvador
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Aarya S. Mehta
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yogesh Goyal
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - M. Luisa Iruela-Arispe
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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17
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Zhao Q, Pedroza A, Sharma D, Gu W, Dalal A, Weldy C, Jackson W, Li DY, Ryan Y, Nguyen T, Shad R, Palmisano BT, Monteiro JP, Worssam M, Berezwitz A, Iyer M, Shi H, Kundu R, Limbu L, Kim JB, Kundaje A, Fischbein M, Wirka R, Quertermous T, Cheng P. A cell and transcriptome atlas of the human arterial vasculature. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.10.612293. [PMID: 39314359 PMCID: PMC11419041 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.10.612293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Vascular beds show different propensities for different vascular pathologies, yet mechanisms explaining these fundamental differences remain unknown. We sought to build a transcriptomic, cellular, and spatial atlas of human arterial cells across multiple different arterial segments to understand this phenomenon. We found significant cell type-specific segmental heterogeneity. Determinants of arterial identity are predominantly encoded in fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, and their differentially expressed genes are particularly enriched for vascular disease-associated loci and genes. Adventitial fibroblast-specific heterogeneity in gene expression coincides with numerous vascular disease risk genes, suggesting a previously unrecognized role for this cell type in disease risk. Adult arterial cells from different segments cluster not by anatomical proximity but by embryonic origin, with differentially regulated genes heavily influenced by developmental master regulators. Non-coding transcriptomes across arterial cells contain extensive variation in lnc-RNAs expressed in cell type- and segment-specific patterns, rivaling heterogeneity in protein coding transcriptomes, and show enrichment for non-coding genetic signals for vascular diseases.
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18
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Chen L, Qu H, Liu B, Chen BC, Yang Z, Shi DZ, Zhang Y. Low or oscillatory shear stress and endothelial permeability in atherosclerosis. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1432719. [PMID: 39314624 PMCID: PMC11417040 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1432719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial shear stress is a tangential stress derived from the friction of the flowing blood on the endothelial surface of the arterial wall and is expressed in units of force/unit area (dyne/cm2). Branches and bends of arteries are exposed to complex blood flow patterns that generate low or oscillatory endothelial shear stress, which impairs glycocalyx integrity, cytoskeleton arrangement and endothelial junctions (adherens junctions, tight junctions, gap junctions), thus increasing endothelial permeability. The lipoproteins and inflammatory cells penetrating intima due to the increased endothelial permeability characterizes the pathological changes in early stage of atherosclerosis. Endothelial cells are critical sensors of shear stress, however, the mechanisms by which the complex shear stress regulate endothelial permeability in atherosclerosis remain unclear. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of the endothelial permeability induced by low or oscillatory shear stress, which will shed a novel sight in early stage of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Qu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Bing-Chang Chen
- Graduate school, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Da-Zhuo Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
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19
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Saglietto A, Tripoli F, Zwanenburg J, Biessels GJ, De Ferrari GM, Anselmino M, Ridolfi L, Scarsoglio S. Role of the vessel morphology on the lenticulostriate arteries hemodynamics during atrial fibrillation: A CFD-based multivariate regression analysis. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 254:108303. [PMID: 38943985 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, inducing accelerated and irregular beating. Beside well-known disabling symptoms - such as palpitations, reduced exercise tolerance, and chest discomfort - there is growing evidence that an alteration of deep cerebral hemodynamics due to AF increases the risk of vascular dementia and cognitive impairment, even in the absence of clinical strokes. The alteration of deep cerebral circulation in AF represents one of the least investigated among the possible mechanisms. Lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) are small perforating arteries mainly departing from the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and susceptible to small vessel disease, which is one of the mechanisms of subcortical vascular dementia development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of different LSAs morphologies on the cerebral hemodynamics during AF. METHODS By combining a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of LSAs with 7T high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we performed different CFD-based multivariate regression analyses to detect which geometrical and morphological vessel features mostly affect AF hemodynamics in terms of wall shear stress. We exploited 17 cerebral 7T-MRI derived LSA vascular geometries extracted from 10 subjects and internal carotid artery data from validated 0D cardiovascular-cerebral modeling as inflow conditions. RESULTS Our results revealed that few geometrical variables - namely the size of the MCA and the bifurcation angles between MCA and LSA - are able to satisfactorily predict the AF impact. In particular, the present study indicates that LSA morphologies exhibiting markedly obtuse LSA-MCA inlet angles and small MCA size downstream of the LSA-MCA bifurcation may be more prone to vascular damage induced by AF. CONCLUSIONS The present MRI-based computational study has been able for the first time to: (i) investigate the net impact of LSAs vascular morphologies on cerebral hemodynamics during AF events; (ii) detect which combination of morphological features worsens the hemodynamic response in the presence of AF. Awaiting necessary clinical confirmation, our analysis suggests that the local hemodynamics of LSAs is affected by their geometrical features and some LSA morphologies undergo greater hemodynamic alterations in the presence of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Saglietto
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, "Città della Salute e della Scienza" Hospital, Turin, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Tripoli
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Jaco Zwanenburg
- Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan Biessels
- UMC Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecth, the Netherlands
| | - Gaetano Maria De Ferrari
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, "Città della Salute e della Scienza" Hospital, Turin, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Anselmino
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, "Città della Salute e della Scienza" Hospital, Turin, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Luca Ridolfi
- Department of Environmental, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Scarsoglio
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
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20
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Khan AW, Aziz M, Sourris KC, Lee MKS, Dai A, Watson AMD, Maxwell S, Sharma A, Zhou Y, Cooper ME, Calkin AC, Murphy AJ, Baratchi S, Jandeleit-Dahm KAM. The Role of Activator Protein-1 Complex in Diabetes-Associated Atherosclerosis: Insights From Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. Diabetes 2024; 73:1495-1512. [PMID: 38905153 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite advances in treatment, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in patients with diabetes. Even when risk factors are mitigated, the disease progresses, and thus, newer targets need to be identified that directly inhibit the underlying pathobiology of atherosclerosis in diabetes. A single-cell sequencing approach was used to distinguish the proatherogenic transcriptional profile in aortic cells in diabetes using a streptozotocin-induced diabetic Apoe-/- mouse model. Human carotid endarterectomy specimens from individuals with and without diabetes were also evaluated via immunohistochemical analysis. Further mechanistic studies were performed in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and human THP-1-derived macrophages. We then performed a preclinical study using an activator protein-1 (AP-1) inhibitor in a diabetic Apoe-/- mouse model. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis identified the AP-1 complex as a novel target in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. AP-1 levels were elevated in carotid endarterectomy specimens from individuals with diabetes compared with those without diabetes. AP-1 was validated as a mechanosensitive transcription factor via immunofluorescence staining for regional heterogeneity of endothelial cells of the aortic region exposed to turbulent blood flow and by performing microfluidics experiments in HAECs. AP-1 inhibition with T-5224 blunted endothelial cell activation as assessed by a monocyte adhesion assay and expression of genes relevant to endothelial function. Furthermore, AP-1 inhibition attenuated foam cell formation. Critically, treatment with T-5224 attenuated atherosclerosis development in diabetic Apoe-/- mice. This study has identified the AP-1 complex as a novel target, the inhibition of which treats the underlying pathobiology of atherosclerosis in diabetes. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Waheed Khan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Misbah Aziz
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karly C Sourris
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Man K S Lee
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Aozhi Dai
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna M D Watson
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Scott Maxwell
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Arpeeta Sharma
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ying Zhou
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna C Calkin
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Sara Baratchi
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Karin A M Jandeleit-Dahm
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany
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21
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Gui Z, Shao C, Zhan Y, Wang Z, Li L. Vascular calcification: High incidence sites, distribution, and detection. Cardiovasc Pathol 2024; 72:107667. [PMID: 38866090 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is an important pathological change in a variety of disease states such as atherosclerosis (AS), diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension, and is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events. The distribution and location of calcification in different vessels may have different clinical effects and prognosis. Therefore, the study of high-risk sites of vascular calcification will help us to better understand the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of related diseases, as well as to evaluate the efficacy and prognosis. So far, although there are some studies on the sites with high incidence of vascular calcification, there is a lack of systematic sorting out the distribution and location of vascular calcification in humans. Based on this, relevant databases were searched, literatures were retrieved, analyzed, and summarized, and the locations of high incidence of vascular calcification and their distribution characteristics, the relationship between high incidence of vascular calcification and hemodynamics, and the common detection methods of high incidence of vascular calcification were systematically described, hoping to provide help for clinical and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Gui
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuanzi Zhan
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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22
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Liao YL, Fang YF, Sun JX, Dou GR. Senescent endothelial cells: a potential target for diabetic retinopathy. Angiogenesis 2024:10.1007/s10456-024-09943-7. [PMID: 39215875 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-024-09943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a diabetic complication that results in visual impairment and relevant retinal diseases. Current therapeutic strategies on DR primarily focus on antiangiogenic therapies, which particularly target vascular endothelial growth factor and its related signaling transduction. However, these therapies still have limitations due to the intricate pathogenesis of DR. Emerging studies have shown that premature senescence of endothelial cells (ECs) in a hyperglycemic environment is involved in the disease process of DR and plays multiple roles at different stages. Moreover, these surprising discoveries have driven the development of senotherapeutics and strategies targeting senescent endothelial cells (SECs), which present challenging but promising prospects in DR treatment. In this review, we focus on the inducers and mechanisms of EC senescence in the pathogenesis of DR and summarize the current research advances in the development of senotherapeutics and strategies that target SECs for DR treatment. Herein, we highlight the role played by key factors at different stages of EC senescence, which will be critical for facilitating the development of future innovative treatment strategies that target the different stages of senescence in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Lu Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of the Cadet Team 6 of the School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi-Fan Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jia-Xing Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Guo-Rui Dou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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23
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Celeski M, Di Gioia G, Nusca A, Segreti A, Squeo MR, Lemme E, Mango F, Ferrera A, Ussia GP, Grigioni F. The Spectrum of Coronary Artery Disease in Elite Endurance Athletes-A Long-Standing Debate: State-of-the-Art Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5144. [PMID: 39274357 PMCID: PMC11395881 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is recommended for the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular (CV) disease as it is linked to a number of health benefits, especially CV. However, recent research suggests that high-volume, long-term endurance exercise may hasten rather than slow the coronary atherosclerosis progression. This contentious theory has generated a great discussion and is still a major source of doubt when it comes to the clinical treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) in athletes. CAD is the primary cause of sudden cardiac death in athletes over 35 years. Thus, recent studies evaluated the prevalence of CAD in athletes and its clinical and prognostic implications. Indeed, many studies have shown a relationship between endurance sports and higher volumes of coronary calcified plaque as determined by computed tomography. However, the precise pathogenetic substrate for the existence of an increased coronary calcification burden among endurance athletes remains unclear. Moreover, the idea that coronary plaques in elite athletes present a benign morphology has been cast into doubt by some recent studies showing potential association with adverse cardiovascular events. This review aims to analyze the association between physical activity and CAD, explaining possible underlying mechanisms of atherosclerotic progression and non-ischemic coronary lesions, focusing primarily on clinical and prognostic implications, multimodal evaluation, and management of CAD in endurance athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihail Celeski
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Gioia
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Roma, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 6, 00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Annunziata Nusca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Segreti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 6, 00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Squeo
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Roma, Italy
| | - Erika Lemme
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Roma, Italy
| | - Federica Mango
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Roma, Italy
| | - Armando Ferrera
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Roma, Italy
- Clinical and Molecular Medicine Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00198 Roma, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Ussia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Grigioni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
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24
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Ma J, Zhang L, Zhang X, Zhang L, Zhang H, Zhu Y, Huang X, Zhang T, Tang X, Wang Y, Chen L, Pu Q, Yang L, Cao Z, Ding BS. Inhibiting endothelial Rhoj blocks profibrotic vascular intussusception and angiocrine factors to sustain lung regeneration. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eado5266. [PMID: 39196961 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ado5266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Lung regeneration after fibrosis requires formation of functional new vasculature, which is essential for gas exchange and cellular cross-talk with other lung cells. It remains unknown how the lung vasculature can be regenerated without fibrosis. Here, we tested the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of forkhead box protein O1 (Foxo1) mRNA in lung regeneration after pneumonectomy (PNX) in mice, a model for lung regrowth after surgical resection. Endothelial cell (EC)-specific knockout of methyltransferase-like 3 (Mettl3) and Foxo1 caused nonproductive intussusceptive angiogenesis (IA), which impaired regeneration and enhanced fibrosis. This nonproductive IA was characterized by enhanced endothelial proliferation and increased vascular splitting with increased numbers of pillar ECs. Endothelial-selective knockout of Mettl3 in mice stimulated nonproductive IA and up-regulation of profibrotic factors after PNX, promoting regeneration to fibrotic transition. EC-specific mutation of m6A modification sites in the Foxo1 gene in mice revealed that endothelial Mettl3 modified A504 and A2035 sites in the Foxo1 mRNA to maintain pro-regenerative endothelial glycolysis, ensuring productive IA and lung regeneration without fibrosis. Suppression of Mettl3-Foxo1 signaling stimulated a subset of hyperglycolytic and hyperproliferative 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (Pfkfb3)+, Ras homolog family member J (Rhoj)+, and platelet-derived growth factor subunit B (Pdgfb)+ ECs in both human and mouse lungs with fibrosis. Inhibiting this Pfkfb3+Rhoj+Pdgfb+ EC subset normalized IA, alleviated fibrosis, and restored regeneration in bleomycin (BLM)-injured mouse lungs. We found that m6A modification of Foxo1 in the mouse vasculature promoted lung regeneration over fibrosis after PNX and BLM injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Key Lab of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE; State Key Lab of Biotherapy; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology; Sichuan-Chongqing Key Lab of Bio-Resource Research and Utilization; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Lab of Sichuan Province; West China Second University Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liyin Zhang
- Key Lab of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE; State Key Lab of Biotherapy; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology; Sichuan-Chongqing Key Lab of Bio-Resource Research and Utilization; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Lab of Sichuan Province; West China Second University Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- Key Lab of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE; State Key Lab of Biotherapy; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology; Sichuan-Chongqing Key Lab of Bio-Resource Research and Utilization; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Lab of Sichuan Province; West China Second University Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, and Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Lab of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE; State Key Lab of Biotherapy; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology; Sichuan-Chongqing Key Lab of Bio-Resource Research and Utilization; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Lab of Sichuan Province; West China Second University Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yulei Zhu
- Key Lab of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE; State Key Lab of Biotherapy; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology; Sichuan-Chongqing Key Lab of Bio-Resource Research and Utilization; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Lab of Sichuan Province; West China Second University Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xingming Huang
- Key Lab of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE; State Key Lab of Biotherapy; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology; Sichuan-Chongqing Key Lab of Bio-Resource Research and Utilization; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Lab of Sichuan Province; West China Second University Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, and Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangdong Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, and Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Lab of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE; State Key Lab of Biotherapy; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology; Sichuan-Chongqing Key Lab of Bio-Resource Research and Utilization; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Lab of Sichuan Province; West China Second University Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Key Lab of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE; State Key Lab of Biotherapy; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology; Sichuan-Chongqing Key Lab of Bio-Resource Research and Utilization; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Lab of Sichuan Province; West China Second University Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Pu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, and Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liming Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zhongwei Cao
- Key Lab of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE; State Key Lab of Biotherapy; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology; Sichuan-Chongqing Key Lab of Bio-Resource Research and Utilization; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Lab of Sichuan Province; West China Second University Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bi-Sen Ding
- Key Lab of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE; State Key Lab of Biotherapy; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology; Sichuan-Chongqing Key Lab of Bio-Resource Research and Utilization; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Lab of Sichuan Province; West China Second University Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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25
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Peracaula M, Sebastian L, Francisco I, Vilaplana MB, Rodríguez-Chiaradía DA, Tura-Ceide O. Decoding Pulmonary Embolism: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1936. [PMID: 39335450 PMCID: PMC11428250 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12091936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary Embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition initiated by the presence of blood clots in the pulmonary arteries, leading to severe morbidity and mortality. Underlying mechanisms involve endothelial dysfunction, including impaired blood flow regulation, a pro-thrombotic state, inflammation, heightened oxidative stress, and altered vascular remodeling. These mechanisms contribute to vascular diseases stemming from PE, such as recurrent thromboembolism, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, post-thrombotic syndrome, right heart failure, and cardiogenic shock. Detailing key risk factors and utilizing hemodynamic stability-based categorization, the review aims for precise risk stratification by applying established diagnostic tools and scoring systems. This article explores both conventional and emerging biomarkers as potential diagnostic tools. Additionally, by synthesizing existing knowledge, it provides a comprehensive outlook of the current enhanced PE management and preventive strategies. The conclusion underscores the need for future research to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic effectiveness in PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Peracaula
- Translational Research Group on Cardiovascular Respiratory Diseases (CAREs), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), 17190 Girona, Spain
| | - Laura Sebastian
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt, and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), 17190 Girona, Spain
| | - Iria Francisco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, 17190 Girona, Spain
| | - Marc Bonnin Vilaplana
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt, and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), 17190 Girona, Spain
| | - Diego A Rodríguez-Chiaradía
- Pulmonology Department-Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Tura-Ceide
- Translational Research Group on Cardiovascular Respiratory Diseases (CAREs), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), 17190 Girona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
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26
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Shores KL, Truskey GA. Mechanotransduction of the vasculature in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1464678. [PMID: 39239311 PMCID: PMC11374724 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1464678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging disorder that causes severe cardiovascular disease, resulting in the death of patients in their teenage years. The disease pathology is caused by the accumulation of progerin, a mutated form of the nuclear lamina protein, lamin A. Progerin binds to the inner nuclear membrane, disrupting nuclear integrity, and causes severe nuclear abnormalities and changes in gene expression. This results in increased cellular inflammation, senescence, and overall dysfunction. The molecular mechanisms by which progerin induces the disease pathology are not fully understood. Progerin's detrimental impact on nuclear mechanics and the role of the nucleus as a mechanosensor suggests dysfunctional mechanotransduction could play a role in HGPS. This is especially relevant in cells exposed to dynamic, continuous mechanical stimuli, like those of the vasculature. The endothelial (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) within arteries rely on physical forces produced by blood flow to maintain function and homeostasis. Certain regions within arteries produce disturbed flow, leading to an impaired transduction of mechanical signals, and a reduction in cellular function, which also occurs in HGPS. In this review, we discuss the mechanics of nuclear mechanotransduction, how this is disrupted in HGPS, and what effect this has on cell health and function. We also address healthy responses of ECs and SMCs to physiological mechanical stimuli and how these responses are impaired by progerin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L Shores
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - George A Truskey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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27
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Carrara E, Soliveri L, Poloni S, Bozzetto M, Campiglio CE. Effects of high-frequency mechanical stimuli on flow related vascular cell biology. Int J Artif Organs 2024:3913988241268105. [PMID: 39166431 DOI: 10.1177/03913988241268105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical forces related to blood pressure and flow patterns play a crucial role in vascular homeostasis. Perturbations in vascular stresses and strain resulting from changes in hemodynamic may occur in pathological conditions, leading to vascular dysfunction as well as in vascular prosthesis, arteriovenous shunt for hemodialysis and in mechanical circulation support. Turbulent-like blood flows can induce high-frequency vibrations of the vessel wall, and this stimulus has recently gained attention as potential contributors to vascular pathologies, such as development of intimal hyperplasia in arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis. However, the biological response of vascular cells to this stimulus remains incompletely understood. This review provides an analysis of the existing literature concerning the impact of high-frequency stimuli on vascular cell morphology, function, and gene expression. Morphological and functional investigations reveal that vascular cells stimulated at frequencies higher than the normal heart rate exhibit alterations in cell shape, alignment, and proliferation, potentially leading to vessel remodeling. Furthermore, vibrations modulate endothelial and smooth muscle cells gene expression, affecting pathways related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and muscle hypertrophy. Understanding the effects of high-frequency vibrations on vascular cells is essential for unraveling the mechanisms underlying vascular diseases and identifying potential therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, there are still gaps in our understanding of the molecular pathways governing these cellular responses. Further research is necessary to elucidate these mechanisms and their therapeutic implications for vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Carrara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Luca Soliveri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sofia Poloni
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Dalmine, Italy
| | - Michela Bozzetto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Chiara Emma Campiglio
- Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, Dalmine, Italy
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28
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Ding H, Jiang M, Chan AM, Xia Y, Ma RCW, Yao X, Wang L, Huang Y. Targeting the tyrosine kinase Src in endothelium attenuates inflammation and atherogenesis induced by disturbed flow. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 39117589 DOI: 10.1111/bph.17307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous studies have shown that Src can regulate inflammation and tumour progression. However, the mechanisms by which Src regulates the inflammatory response of vascular endothelium and atherogenesis are currently poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of Src in endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis, as well as the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure the mRNA levels of inflammatory genes. The phosphorylation and localization of proteins were examined using western blotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. The level of p-Src Y416 in mouse endothelium was directly determined using en face staining. Endothelial-specific knockdown of Src was achieved by tail vein injection of AAV-sgSrc in ApoE-/-; Cas9LSL/LSL; Cdh5-cre mice. Atherosclerosis was induced by partial ligation of the carotid artery. KEY RESULTS Oscillatory shear stress (OSS) promotes the phosphorylation of Src at Y416 in endothelial cells, and Piezo1 is required for this regulatory process. Overexpression of constitutively active Src promotes endothelial inflammation, as well as phosphorylation of Stat3 (at Y705) and its nuclear translocation. Endothelial inflammation induced by OSS was abolished by the Src inhibitor dasatinib or si-Src. Dasatinib, when administered orally, reduced endothelial inflammation and plaque formation in ApoE-/- mice induced by partial carotid artery ligation. Additionally, plaque formation was decreased in the ligated left carotid artery of mice with endothelial-specific Src knockdown. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Disturbed flow promotes endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis through the Piezo1-Src-Stat3 pathway. Therefore, inhibiting Src in endothelial cells could be a promising therapeutic strategy to treat atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Ding
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Minchun Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andrew M Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin Xia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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29
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Minderhoud SCS, Arrouby A, van den Hoven AT, Bons LR, Chelu RG, Kardys I, Rizopoulos D, Korteland SA, van den Bosch AE, Budde RPJ, Roos-Hesselink JW, Wentzel JJ, Hirsch A. Regional aortic wall shear stress increases over time in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2024; 26:101070. [PMID: 39096969 PMCID: PMC11417319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocmr.2024.101070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic wall shear stress (WSS) is a known predictor of ascending aortic growth in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). The aim of this study was to study regional WSS and changes over time in BAV patients. METHODS BAV patients and age-matched healthy controls underwent four-dimensional (4D) flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Regional, peak systolic ascending aortic WSS, aortic valve function, aortic stiffness measures, and aortic dimensions were assessed. In BAV patients, 4D flow CMR was repeated after 3 years of follow-up and both at baseline and follow-up computed tomography angiography (CTA) were acquired. Aortic growth (volume increase of ≥5%) was measured on CTA. Regional WSS differences within patients' aorta and WSS changes over time were analyzed using linear mixed-effect models and were associated with clinical parameters. RESULTS Thirty BAV patients (aged 34 years [interquartile range (IQR) 25-41]) were included in the follow-up analysis. Additionally, another 16 BAV patients and 32 healthy controls (aged 33 years [IQR 28-48]) were included for other regional analyses. Magnitude, axial, and circumferential WSS increased over time (all p < 0.001) irrespective of aortic growth. The percentage of regions exposed to a magnitude WSS >95th percentile of healthy controls increased from 21% (baseline 506/2400 regions) to 31% (follow-up 734/2400 regions) (p < 0.001). WSS angle, a measure of helicity near the aortic wall, decreased during follow-up. Magnitude WSS changes over time were associated with systolic blood pressure, peak aortic valve velocity, aortic valve regurgitation fraction, aortic stiffness indexes, and normalized flow displacement (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION An increase in regional WSS over time was observed in BAV patients, irrespective of aortic growth. The increasing WSSs, comprising a larger area of the aorta, warrant further research to investigate the possible predictive value for aortic dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savine C S Minderhoud
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Aïmane Arrouby
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Allard T van den Hoven
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Lidia R Bons
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Raluca G Chelu
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Isabella Kardys
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Dimitris Rizopoulos
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Suze-Anne Korteland
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Annemien E van den Bosch
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ricardo P J Budde
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jolien W Roos-Hesselink
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jolanda J Wentzel
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Alexander Hirsch
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Metwally E, Sanchez Solano A, Lavanderos B, Yamasaki E, Thakore P, McClenaghan C, Rios N, Radi R, Feng Earley Y, Nichols CG, Earley S. Mitochondrial Ca2+-coupled generation of reactive oxygen species, peroxynitrite formation, and endothelial dysfunction in Cantú syndrome. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e176212. [PMID: 39088268 PMCID: PMC11385080 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.176212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cantú syndrome is a multisystem disorder caused by gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in KCNJ8 and ABCC9, the genes encoding the pore-forming inward rectifier Kir6.1 and regulatory sulfonylurea receptor SUR2B subunits, respectively, of vascular ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels. In this study, we investigated changes in the vascular endothelium in mice in which Cantú syndrome-associated Kcnj8 or Abcc9 mutations were knocked in to the endogenous loci. We found that endothelium-dependent dilation was impaired in small mesenteric arteries from Cantú mice. Loss of endothelium-dependent vasodilation led to increased vasoconstriction in response to intraluminal pressure or treatment with the adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrine. We also found that either KATP GOF or acute activation of KATP channels with pinacidil increased the amplitude and frequency of wave-like Ca2+ events generated in the endothelium in response to the vasodilator agonist carbachol. Increased cytosolic Ca2+ signaling activity in arterial endothelial cells from Cantú mice was associated with elevated mitochondrial [Ca2+] and enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxynitrite levels. Scavenging intracellular or mitochondrial ROS restored endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the arteries of mice with KATP GOF mutations. We conclude that mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and ROS generation, which subsequently leads to nitric oxide consumption and peroxynitrite formation, cause endothelial dysfunction in mice with Cantú syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed Metwally
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Alfredo Sanchez Solano
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Boris Lavanderos
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Evan Yamasaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Pratish Thakore
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Conor McClenaghan
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Natalia Rios
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, and
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, and
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Yumei Feng Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Colin G Nichols
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases and Departments of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
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Ribaudo JG, He K, Madira S, Young ER, Martin C, Lu T, Sacks JM, Li X. Sutureless vascular anastomotic approaches and their potential impacts. Bioact Mater 2024; 38:73-94. [PMID: 38699240 PMCID: PMC11061647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sutureless anastomotic devices present several advantages over traditional suture anastomosis, including expanded global access to microvascular surgery, shorter operation and ischemic times, and reduced costs. However, their adaptation for arterial use remains a challenge. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of sutureless anastomotic approaches that are either FDA-approved or under investigation. These approaches include extraluminal couplers, intraluminal devices, and methods assisted by lasers or vacuums, with a particular emphasis on tissue adhesives. We analyze these devices for artery compatibility, material composition, potential for intimal damage, risks of thrombosis and restenosis, and complications arising from their deployment and maintenance. Additionally, we discuss the challenges faced in the development and clinical application of sutureless anastomotic techniques. Ideally, a sutureless anastomotic device or technique should eliminate the need for vessel eversion, mitigate thrombosis through either biodegradation or the release of antithrombotic drugs, and be easily deployable for broad use. The transformative potential of sutureless anastomotic approaches in microvascular surgery highlights the necessity for ongoing innovation to expand their applications and maximize their benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G. Ribaudo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Kevin He
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sarah Madira
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Emma R. Young
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Cameron Martin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Tingying Lu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Justin M. Sacks
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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Park DC, Park DW. Measurement of Wall Shear Rate Across the Entire Vascular Wall Using Ultrasound Speckle Decorrelation. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2024; 50:1203-1213. [PMID: 38688782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The accurate measurement of the wall shear rate (WSR) plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease progression and acute events such as aneurysms and atherosclerotic plaque ruptures. To address this need, the speckle decorrelation (SDC) technique has been used to measure WSR based on the 2-D out-of-plane blood flow speed. This technique is particularly advantageous because it enables the use of a 1-D array transducer to measure WSR over the entire luminal area. This study aims to develop a region-based singular value decomposition (SVD) filtering technique that selectively suppresses clutter noise in the vascular region to measure WSR using SDC. METHOD Ultrasound simulations, in-vitro flow experiments, and an in-vivo human study were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of this method's clinical application. RESULTS The results demonstrated that WSR can be effectively measured across entire vascular walls using a conventional 1-D array transducer along with the proposed methodology. CONCLUSION This study successfully demonstrates a noninvasive and accurate SDC-based method for measuring vital vascular WSR. This approach holds significant promise for assessing vascular WSR in both healthy individuals and high-risk cardiovascular disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chan Park
- Division of Convergence Technology, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, South Korea
| | - Dae Woo Park
- Division of Convergence Technology, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, South Korea.
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33
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Chen J, Zhang L, Gu S, Jia C, Wu R. Quantitative evaluation using carotid ultrasonography-based high-frame-rate vector flow imaging in patients with low carotid stenosis. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:1476-1482. [PMID: 38885374 PMCID: PMC11256931 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqae115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of quantitative evaluation using carotid ultrasonography (US)-based high-frame-rate vector flow (V Flow) imaging in patients with low carotid stenosis. METHODS This single-centre cross-sectional study consecutively recruited volunteers without carotid plaque and patients with low carotid stenosis from August 2022 to May 2023. Patients were divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups according to their head CT or MRI results within 8 weeks. All V Flow imaging examinations were performed using a Mindray Resona R9 US system. The wall shear stress (WSS) values, oscillatory shear index (OSI) values, and turbulence (Tur) indexes in the normal common carotid artery (CCA), normal carotid bifurcation (CB), and on the upstream and downstream surface of carotid plaque were measured. Pearson Chi-square test and Fisher exact test were used for counting data according to their type. For measurement data, independent sample t test and non-parametric rank sum test were used. RESULTS The results proved that patients have higher WSS values and Tur indexes of CB than volunteers, and higher WSS values were detected on the surface of the plaques in symptomatic patients. What's more, the downstream side of the plaque was more vulnerable to plaque rupture than the upstream side due to more dynamic blood flow. CONCLUSION Therefore, carotid US-based high-frame-rate V Flow imaging provides reliable mechanical biomarkers for assessing the haemodynamic change in patients with low stenosis. Our study may provide a new imaging tool for monitoring the progression of atherosclerosis and aiding the management of early atherosclerotic patients. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Our study firstly investigated the difference of V Flow parameters on the surface of carotid plaques between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with low carotid stenosis, which is expected to provide haemodynamic information and the mechanical basis for plaque rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Luni Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Shiyao Gu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Caixia Jia
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
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Chen Z, Fan L, Chen S, Zhao H, Zhang Q, Qu Y, Huang Y, Yu X, Sun D. Artificial Vascular with Pressure-Responsive Property based on Deformable Microfluidic Channels. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304532. [PMID: 38533604 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
In vitro blood vessel models are significant for disease modeling, drug assays, and therapeutic development. Microfluidic technologies allow to create physiologically relevant culture models reproducing the features of the in vivo vascular microenvironment. However, current microfluidic technologies are limited by impractical rectangular cross-sections and single or nonsynchronous compound mechanical stimuli. This study proposes a new strategy for creating round-shaped deformable soft microfluidic channels to serve as artificial in vitro vasculature for developing in vitro models with vascular physio-mechanical microenvironments. Endothelial cells seeded into vascular models are used to assess the effects of a remodeled in vivo mechanical environment. Furthermore, a 3D stenosis model is constructed to recapitulate the flow disturbances in atherosclerosis. Soft microchannels can also be integrated into traditional microfluidics to realize multifunctional composite systems. This technology provides new insights into applying microfluidic chips and a prospective approach for constructing in vitro blood vessel models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Centre for Robotics and Automation, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Shuxun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yun Qu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Bertram CD, Macaskill C. Fluid-Dynamic Modeling of Flow in Embryonic Tissue Indicates That Lymphatic Valve Location Is Not Consistently Determined by the Local Fluid Shear or Its Gradient. Microcirculation 2024; 31:e12873. [PMID: 38953384 PMCID: PMC11303113 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intravascular lymphatic valves often occur in proximity to vessel junctions. It is commonly held that disturbed flow at junctions is responsible for accumulation of valve-forming cells (VFCs) at these locations as the initial step in valve creation, and the one which explains the association with these sites. However, evidence in favor is largely limited to cell culture experiments. METHODS We acquired images of embryonic lymphatic vascular networks from day E16.5, when VFC accumulation has started but the developing valve has not yet altered the local vessel geometry, stained for Prox1, which co-localizes with Foxc2. Using finite-element computational fluid mechanics, we simulated the flow through the networks, under conditions appropriate to this early development stage. Then we correlated the Prox1 distributions with the distributions of simulated fluid shear and shear stress gradient. RESULTS Across a total of 16 image sets, no consistent correlation was found between Prox1 distribution and the local magnitude of fluid shear, or its positive or negative gradient. CONCLUSIONS This, the first direct semi-empirical test of the localization hypothesis to interrogate the tissue from in vivo at the critical moment of development, does not support the idea that a feature of the local flow determines valve localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Bertram
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Charlie Macaskill
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Memari E, Helfield B. Shear stress preconditioning and microbubble flow pattern modulate ultrasound-assisted plasma membrane permeabilization. Mater Today Bio 2024; 27:101128. [PMID: 38988819 PMCID: PMC11234154 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent and exciting success of anti-inflammatory therapies for ischemic heart disease (e.g. atherosclerosis) is hindered by the lack of site-specific and targeted therapeutic deposition. Microbubble-mediated focused ultrasound, which uses circulating, lipid-encapsulated intravascular microbubbles to locally enhance endothelial permeability, offers an exciting approach. Atherosclerotic plaques preferentially develop in regions with disturbed blood flow, and microbubble-endothelial cell membrane interactions under such flow conditions are not well understood. Here, using an acoustically-coupled microscopy system, endothelial cells were sonicated (1 MHz, 20 cycle bursts, 1 ms PRI, 4 s duration, 300 kPa peak-negative pressure) under perfusion with Definity™ bubbles to examine microbubble-mediated endothelial permeabilization under a range of physiological conditions. Endothelial preconditioning under prolonged shear influenced physiology and the secretome, inducing increased expression of pro-angiogenesis analytes, decreasing levels of pro-inflammatory ones, and increasing the susceptibility of ultrasound therapy. Ultrasound treatment efficiency was positively correlated with concentrations of pro-angiogenic cytokines (e.g. VEGF-A, EGF, FGF-2), and negatively correlated with pro-inflammatory chemokines (e.g. MCP-1, GCP-2, SDF-1). Furthermore, ultrasound therapy under non-reversing pulsatile flow (∼4-8 dyne/cm2, 0.5-1 Hz) increased permeabilization up to 2.4-fold compared to shear-matched laminar flow, yet treatment under reversing oscillatory flow resulted in more heterogeneous modulation. This study provides insight into the role of vascular physiology, including endothelial biology, into the design of a localized ultrasound drug delivery system for ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Memari
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Brandon Helfield
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R6, Canada
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R6, Canada
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37
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Xiao Z, Postma RJ, van Zonneveld AJ, van den Berg BM, Sol WM, White NA, van de Stadt HJ, Mirza A, Wen J, Bijkerk R, Rotmans JI. A bypass flow model to study endothelial cell mechanotransduction across diverse flow environments. Mater Today Bio 2024; 27:101121. [PMID: 38988818 PMCID: PMC11234155 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Disturbed flow is one of the pathological initiators of endothelial dysfunction in intimal hyperplasia (IH) which is commonly seen in vascular bypass grafts, and arteriovenous fistulas. Various in vitro disease models have been designed to simulate the hemodynamic conditions found in the vasculature. Nonetheless, prior investigations have encountered challenges in establishing a robust disturbed flow model, primarily attributed to the complex bifurcated geometries and distinctive flow dynamics. In the present study, we aim to address this gap by introducing an in vitro bypass flow model capable of inducing disturbed flow and other hemodynamics patterns through a pulsatile flow in the same model. To assess the model's validity, we employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate hemodynamics and compared the morphology and functions of human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) under disturbed flow conditions to those in physiological flow or stagnant conditions. CFD analysis revealed the generation of disturbed flow within the model, pinpointing the specific location in the channel where the effects of disturbed flow were observed. High-content screening, a single-cell morphological profile assessment, demonstrated that HUVECs in the disturbed flow area exhibited random orientation, and morphological features were significantly distinct compared to cells in the physiological flow or stagnant condition after a two days of flow exposure. Furthermore, HUVECs exposed to disturbed flow underwent extensive remodeling of the adherens junctions and expressed higher levels of endothelial cell activation markers compared to other hemodynamic conditions. In conclusion, our in vitro bypass flow model provides a robust platform for investigating the associations between disturbed flow pattern and vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuotao Xiao
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, ZA, Netherlands
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Rudmer J. Postma
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, ZA, Netherlands
| | - Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, ZA, Netherlands
| | - Bernard M. van den Berg
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, ZA, Netherlands
| | - Wendy M.P.J. Sol
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, ZA, Netherlands
| | - Nicholas A. White
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, ZA, Netherlands
- Department of BioMechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628, CN, Netherlands
| | - Huybert J.F. van de Stadt
- Department of Medical Technology, Design & Prototyping, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, ZA, Netherlands
| | - Asad Mirza
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, United States
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Roel Bijkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, ZA, Netherlands
| | - Joris I. Rotmans
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333, ZA, Netherlands
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38
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Ruiz-Muñoz A, Guala A, Dux-Santoy L, Teixidó-Turà G, Valente F, Garrido-Oliver J, Galian-Gay L, Gutiérrez L, Fernandez-Galera R, Casas-Masnou G, González-Alujas T, Cuéllar-Calabria H, Carrasco-Poves A, Morales-Galán A, Johnson KM, Wieben O, Ferreira-González I, Evangelista A, Rodriguez-Palomares J. False lumen hemodynamics and partial thrombosis in chronic aortic dissection of the descending aorta. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:5190-5200. [PMID: 38183450 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Partial thrombosis of the false lumen (FL) in patients with chronic aortic dissection (AD) of the descending aorta has been associated with poor outcomes. Meanwhile, the fluid dynamic and biomechanical characteristics associated with partial thrombosis remain to be elucidated. This retrospective, single-center study tested the association between FL fluid dynamics and biomechanics and the presence and extent of FL thrombus. METHODS Patients with chronic non-thrombosed or partially thrombosed FLs in the descending aorta after an aortic dissection underwent computed tomography angiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) angiography, and a 4D flow CMR study. A comprehensive quantitative analysis was performed to test the association between FL thrombus presence and extent (percentage of FL with thrombus) and FL anatomy (diameter, entry tear location and size), fluid dynamics (inflow, rotational flow, wall shear stress, kinetic energy, and flow acceleration and stasis), and biomechanics (pulse wave velocity). RESULTS Sixty-eight patients were included. In multivariate logistic regression FL kinetic energy (p = 0.038) discriminated the 33 patients with partial FL thrombosis from the 35 patients with no thrombosis. Similarly, in separated multivariate linear correlations kinetic energy (p = 0.006) and FL inflow (p = 0.002) were independently related to the extent of the thrombus. FL vortexes, flow acceleration and stasis, wall shear stress, and pulse wave velocity showed limited associations with thrombus presence and extent. CONCLUSION In patients with chronic descending aorta dissection, false lumen kinetic energy is related to the presence and extent of false lumen thrombus. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT In patients with chronic aortic dissection of the descending aorta, false lumen hemodynamic parameters are closely linked with the presence and extent of false lumen thrombosis, and these non-invasive measures might be important in patient management. KEY POINTS • Partial false lumen thrombosis has been associated with aortic growth in patients with chronic descending aortic dissection; therefore, the identification of prothrombotic flow conditions is desirable. • The presence of partial false lumen thrombosis as well as its extent was related with false lumen kinetic energy. • The assessment of false lumen hemodynamics may be important in the management of patients with chronic aortic dissection of the descending aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroa Ruiz-Muñoz
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Andrea Guala
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER-CV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Gisela Teixidó-Turà
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filipa Valente
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Laura Galian-Gay
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Gutiérrez
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Fernandez-Galera
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Casas-Masnou
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa González-Alujas
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hug Cuéllar-Calabria
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Kevin M Johnson
- Departments of Medical Physics & Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Oliver Wieben
- Departments of Medical Physics & Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ignacio Ferreira-González
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBERESP, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Evangelista
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Instituto del Corazón, Quirónsalud-Teknon, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Rodriguez-Palomares
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER-CV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Williamson PN, Docherty PD, Jermy M, Steven BM. Literature Survey for In-Vivo Reynolds and Womersley Numbers of Various Arteries and Implications for Compliant In-Vitro Modelling. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2024; 15:418-430. [PMID: 38499933 PMCID: PMC11319390 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-024-00723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE In-vitro modelling can be used to investigate haemodynamics of arterial geometry and stent implants. However, in-vitro model fidelity relies on precise matching of in-vivo conditions. In pulsatile flow, velocity distribution and wall shear stress depend on compliance, and the Reynolds and Womersley numbers. However, matching such values may lead to unachievable tolerances in phantom fabrication. METHODS Published Reynolds and Womersley numbers for 14 major arteries in the human body were determined via a literature search. Preference was given to in-vivo publications but in-vitro and in-silico values were presented when in-vivo values were not found. Subsequently ascending aorta and carotid artery case studies were presented to highlight the limitations dynamic matching would apply to phantom fabrication. RESULTS Seven studies reported the in-vivo Reynolds and Womersley numbers for the aorta and two for the carotid artery. However, only one study each reported in-vivo numbers for the remaining ten arteries. No in-vivo data could be found for the femoral, superior mesenteric and renal arteries. Thus, information derived in-vitro and in-silico were provided instead. The ascending aorta and carotid artery models required scaling to 1.5× and 3× life-scale, respectively, to achieve dimensional tolerance restrictions. Modelling the ascending aorta with the comparatively high viscosity water/glycerine solution will lead to high pump power demands. However, all the working fluids considered could be dynamically matched with low pump demand for the carotid model. CONCLUSION This paper compiles available human haemodynamic information, and highlights the paucity of information for some arteries. It also provides a method for optimal in-vitro experimental configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Williamson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - P D Docherty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
- Institute of Technical Medicine, Furtwangen University, Campus Villingen-Schwenningen, Jakob-Kienzle Strasse 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.
| | - M Jermy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - B M Steven
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
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Hong SG, Kennelly JP, Williams KJ, Bensinger SJ, Mack JJ. Flow-mediated modulation of the endothelial cell lipidome. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1431847. [PMID: 39119214 PMCID: PMC11307263 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1431847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The luminal surface of the endothelium is exposed to dynamic blood flow patterns that are known to affect endothelial cell phenotype. While many studies have documented the phenotypic changes by gene or protein expression, less is known about the role of blood flow pattern on the endothelial cell (EC) lipidome. In this study, shotgun lipidomics was conducted on human aortic ECs (HAECs) exposed to unidirectional laminar flow (UF), disturbed flow (DF), or static conditions for 48 h. A total of 520 individual lipid species from 17 lipid subclasses were detected. Total lipid abundance was significantly increased for HAECs exposed to DF compared to UF conditions. Despite the increase in the total lipid abundance, HAECs maintained equivalent composition of each lipid subclass (% of total lipid) under DF and UF. However, by lipid composition (% of total subclass), 28 lipid species were significantly altered between DF and UF. Complimentary RNA sequencing of HAECs exposed to UF or DF revealed changes in transcripts involved in lipid metabolism. Shotgun lipidomics was also performed on HAECs exposed to pro-inflammatory agonists lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Pam3CSK4 (Pam3) for 48 h. Exposure to LPS or Pam3 reshaped the EC lipidome in both unique and overlapping ways. In conclusion, exposure to flow alters the EC lipidome and ECs undergo stimulus-specific lipid reprogramming in response to pro-inflammatory agonist exposure. Ultimately, this work provides a resource to profile the transcriptional and lipidomic changes that occur in response to applied flow that can be accessed by the vascular biology community to further dissect and extend our understanding of endothelial lipid biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Gook Hong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - John P. Kennelly
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kevin J. Williams
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- UCLA Lipidomics Lab, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Steven J. Bensinger
- UCLA Lipidomics Lab, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Julia J. Mack
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Bathrinarayanan PV, Hallam SM, Grover LM, Vigolo D, Simmons MJH. Microfluidics as a Powerful Tool to Investigate Microvascular Dysfunction in Trauma Conditions: A Review of the State-of-the-Art. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400037. [PMID: 39031943 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle trauma such as fracture or crush injury can result in a life-threatening condition called acute compartment syndrome (ACS), which involves elevated compartmental pressure within a closed osteo-fascial compartment, leading to collapse of the microvasculature and resulting in necrosis of the tissue due to ischemia. Diagnosis of ACS is complex and controversial due to the lack of standardized objective methods, which results in high rates of misdiagnosis/late diagnosis, leading to permanent neuro-muscular damage. ACS pathophysiology is poorly understood at a cellular level due to the lack of physiologically relevant models. In this context, microfluidics organ-on-chip systems (OOCs) provide an exciting opportunity to investigate the cellular mechanisms of microvascular dysfunction that leads to ACS. In this article, the state-of-the-art OOCs designs and strategies used to investigate microvasculature dysfunction mechanisms is reviewed. The differential effects of hemodynamic shear stress on endothelial cell characteristics such as morphology, permeability, and inflammation, all of which are altered during microvascular dysfunction is highlighted. The article then critically reviews the importance of microfluidics to investigate closely related microvascular pathologies that cause ACS. The article concludes by discussing potential biomarkers of ACS with a special emphasis on glycocalyx and providing a future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vasanthi Bathrinarayanan
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - S M Hallam
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
| | - L M Grover
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - D Vigolo
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
- The University of Sydney, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - M J H Simmons
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
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Choinski KN, Smolock CJ, Phair JP. The Top 100 Most-Cited Articles in Venous Disease and Management. Ann Vasc Surg 2024:S0890-5096(24)00413-8. [PMID: 39009118 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2024.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advancements in the management of venous disease have been documented in scientific literature. We performed a bibliometric analysis using citations as an indication of impact to analyze the most influential articles on venous disease and treatment. METHODS A retrospective search of the Web of Science database was conducted in May 2023. Key search terms were queried to generate relevant articles. Articles were ranked on total number of citations and average number of citations per year. Metrics analyzed included top journals, impact factor, journal discipline, institution and country of publication, author degree and gender, number of publications per year, level of evidence, and article topic area. RESULTS The top 100 articles on venous disease were published between 1994 and 2020, with a total of 102,856 citations, average 1,028 citations/article, and mean of 70 citations/year. The most popular article was "Incidence of thrombotic complications of in critically ill Intensive Care Unit patients with COVID-19" with 3,482 citations in total. The most popular journals were New England Journal of Medicine (22 articles), Lancet (14 articles), and CHEST (13 articles), pertaining to management of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The Journal of Vascular surgery had 2 influential articles, focused on management of chronic venous disease. Many articles were published in the United States (52), Canada (38), and Netherlands (25). Prolific authors were predominantly male (96%) and 59% were MDs versus 29% combined MD/PhD and 12% PhDs. Popular venous articles included guidelines/standards for DVT management (12%), epidemiology of venous thromboembolism (12%), and anticoagulation for DVT (12%). Specific venous thromboembolism risk factors within popular literature included prothrombotic genes, malignancy, pregnancy, trauma, and COVID-19. Articles on surgical interventions included inferior vena cava filter placement, catheter-directed thrombolysis, and risks of femoral and subclavian vein catheterization. Venous stenting and mechanical thrombectomy were not within the top articles. CONCLUSIONS Top-cited articles on venous disease emphasized management of DVT, followed by chronic venous disease, through the collaboration of multiple medical and surgical specialties. The largest number of citations in recent DVT literature was driven by COVID-19 complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystina N Choinski
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - Christopher J Smolock
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - John P Phair
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY.
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Ning L, Zanella S, Tomov ML, Amoli MS, Jin L, Hwang B, Saadeh M, Chen H, Neelakantan S, Dasi LP, Avazmohammadi R, Mahmoudi M, Bauser‐Heaton HD, Serpooshan V. Targeted Rapamycin Delivery via Magnetic Nanoparticles to Address Stenosis in a 3D Bioprinted in Vitro Model of Pulmonary Veins. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400476. [PMID: 38696618 PMCID: PMC11234432 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Vascular cell overgrowth and lumen size reduction in pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) can result in elevated PV pressure, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac failure, and death. Administration of chemotherapies such as rapamycin have shown promise by inhibiting the vascular cell proliferation; yet clinical success is limited due to complications such as restenosis and off-target effects. The lack of in vitro models to recapitulate the complex pathophysiology of PVS has hindered the identification of disease mechanisms and therapies. This study integrated 3D bioprinting, functional nanoparticles, and perfusion bioreactors to develop a novel in vitro model of PVS. Bioprinted bifurcated PV constructs are seeded with endothelial cells (ECs) and perfused, demonstrating the formation of a uniform and viable endothelium. Computational modeling identified the bifurcation point at high risk of EC overgrowth. Application of an external magnetic field enabled targeting of the rapamycin-loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles at the bifurcation site, leading to a significant reduction in EC proliferation with no adverse side effects. These results establish a 3D bioprinted in vitro model to study PV homeostasis and diseases, offering the potential for increased throughput, tunability, and patient specificity, to test new or more effective therapies for PVS and other vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Ning
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringCleveland State UniversityClevelandOH44115USA
| | - Stefano Zanella
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Martin L. Tomov
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Mehdi Salar Amoli
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Linqi Jin
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Boeun Hwang
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Maher Saadeh
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Huang Chen
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Sunder Neelakantan
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA
| | - Lakshmi Prasad Dasi
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Reza Avazmohammadi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA
- J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77840USA
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LandingMI48824USA
| | - Holly D. Bauser‐Heaton
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
- Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA30322USA
- Children's Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGA30322USA
- Sibley Heart Center at Children's Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Vahid Serpooshan
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
- Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA30322USA
- Children's Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGA30322USA
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Zhao W, Li B, Hao J, Sun R, He P, Lv H, He M, Shen J, Han Y. Therapeutic potential of natural products and underlying targets for the treatment of aortic aneurysm. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 259:108652. [PMID: 38657777 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is a vascular disease characterized by irreversible vasodilatation that can lead to dissection and rupture of the aortic aneurysm, a life-threatening condition. Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are two main types. The typical treatments for aortic aneurysms are open surgery and endovascular aortic repair, which are only indicated for more severe patients. Most patients with aneurysms have an insidious onset and slow progression, and there are no effective drugs to treat this stage. The inability of current animal models to perfectly simulate all the pathophysiological states of human aneurysms may be the key to this issue. Therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms of this disease, finding new therapeutic targets, and developing effective drugs to inhibit the development of aneurysms are the main issues of current research. Natural products have been applied for thousands of years to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) in China and other Asian countries. In recent years, natural products have combined multi-omics, computational biology, and integrated pharmacology to accurately analyze drug components and targets. Therefore, the multi-component and multi-target complexity of natural products have made them a potentially ideal treatment for multifactorial diseases such as aortic aneurysms. Natural products have regained popularity worldwide. This review provides an overview of the known natural products for the treatment of TAA and AAA and searches for potential cardiovascular-targeted natural products that may treat TAA and AAA based on various cellular molecular mechanisms associated with aneurysm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bufan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jinjun Hao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ruochen Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Peng He
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongyu Lv
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mou He
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yantao Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Balamuthusamy S, Dhanabalsamy N, Thankavel B, Bala MS, Pfaffle A. Utility of a ML analytics on real time risk stratification and re-intervention risk prediction on AV access outcomes and cost. J Vasc Access 2024; 25:1224-1228. [PMID: 36847187 DOI: 10.1177/11297298231156632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular access is the lifeline for patients on hemodialysis. The average survival rates of dialysis dependent patients have been improving over the last 5 years and hence their dialysis access needs longevity for uninterrupted optimal dialysis. With the lack of genomic vascular access failure predictors, there is an unmet need for predicting an event and the appropriate approach to mitigate recurrence of the event that could have cost and outcome implications. METHODS We performed a single center experience that extracted relevant clinical (access flow, laboratory data and CKD details), access intervention (prior interventions, type & location of lesion, type of balloon used, use of stents etc.) and demographic (age, vintage on dialysis, sex, social determinants, other medical conditions) data in real time and feeds it into validated ML algorithms to predict risk of reintervention. (Plexus EMR LLC). RESULTS About 200 prevalent hemodialysis patients with a AV graft or AV fistula were included for this analysis. Need for re-intervention and use of stent/ flow reduction/new access creation were the outcomes analyzed. Plexus EMR is a licensed Azure based platform. R software was used to develop the ML algorithms. Regression factors were developed to assess and test the validity of individual attributes across all the data attributes. Each patient had a real time risk calculator available to the interventionalist on risk of reintervention/ year. Of the 200 patients, 148 had a AV fistula and the remaining 52 had a AV graft. Mean interventions in the year prior to analysis was 1.8 in patients with AV fistulas and 3.4 in AV grafts which decreased to 1.1 in AV fistulas and to 2.4 in AV grafts (p < 0.01) post tool deployment. There were 62 AV graft thrombectomies done in the observation year and 62% of those were repeat thrombectomies. Stent utilization increased to 37 (22 in AV grafts and 15 in AV fistulas) and 2 patients had AV access flow reduction surgery. The cumulative cost (predicted) preintervention was $712,609 and decreased to $512,172 post intervention. Stent utilization increased by 68% in the evaluation year and 89% of the stents used were PTFE coated stents. CONCLUSION Utilizing AI with ML based algorithms that includes clinical, demographic and patency maintenance variables could become new standards of care to optimally manage AV accesses and lower cost of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Balamuthusamy
- PPG Health PA and Tarrant Vascular, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Texas Research Institute, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- HCA Healthcare, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Plexus EMR LLC, Dallas, TX, USA
- OptMyCare Inc, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | - Bharath Thankavel
- HCA Healthcare, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- OptMyCare Inc, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Manu S Bala
- Texas Research Institute, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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Price E, Thomas KM, Ernst LM. Stillbirth Associated With Anomalous Origin and Course of the Left Coronary Artery: A Report of 2 Cases. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2024; 27:369-374. [PMID: 38576417 DOI: 10.1177/10935266231223278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Coronary artery anomalies and their potential sequelae are not well studied in association with stillbirth. Herein, we report the autopsy findings in two term stillborn fetuses with coronary artery anomalies. Both fetuses showed identical findings consisting of an abnormal origin of the left coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva and an interarterial course of the left coronary artery. Histologic vascular and myocardial changes were also present. These coronary artery findings are associated with sudden death in adults and neonates, and therefore, their potential to be a cause and/or contributor to fetal death is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Price
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kristen M Thomas
- Pediatric Pathology and Pediatric Autopsy, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linda M Ernst
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Evanston, IL, USA
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Lei L, Wen Z, Cao M, Zhang H, Ling SKK, Fu BSC, Qin L, Xu J, Yung PSH. The emerging role of Piezo1 in the musculoskeletal system and disease. Theranostics 2024; 14:3963-3983. [PMID: 38994033 PMCID: PMC11234281 DOI: 10.7150/thno.96959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Piezo1, a mechanosensitive ion channel, has emerged as a key player in translating mechanical stimuli into biological signaling. Its involvement extends beyond physiological and pathological processes such as lymphatic vessel development, axon growth, vascular development, immunoregulation, and blood pressure regulation. The musculoskeletal system, responsible for structural support, movement, and homeostasis, has recently attracted attention regarding the significance of Piezo1. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the current research on Piezo1 in the musculoskeletal system, highlighting its impact on bone formation, myogenesis, chondrogenesis, intervertebral disc homeostasis, tendon matrix cross-linking, and physical activity. Additionally, we explore the potential of targeting Piezo1 as a therapeutic approach for musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, intervertebral disc degeneration, and osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lei
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Centre of Musculoskeletal Aging and Regeneration, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhenkang Wen
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Centre of Musculoskeletal Aging and Regeneration, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mingde Cao
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Centre of Musculoskeletal Aging and Regeneration, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haozhi Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Centre of Musculoskeletal Aging and Regeneration, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Samuel Ka-Kin Ling
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Centre of Musculoskeletal Aging and Regeneration, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bruma Sai-Chuen Fu
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Centre of Musculoskeletal Aging and Regeneration, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Centre of Musculoskeletal Aging and Regeneration, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Sir Yue-Kong Pao Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Laboratory of Chinese Academic of Science and Hong Kong for Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiankun Xu
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Centre of Musculoskeletal Aging and Regeneration, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Sir Yue-Kong Pao Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Joint Laboratory of Chinese Academic of Science and Hong Kong for Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Shu-Hang Yung
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory and Centre of Musculoskeletal Aging and Regeneration, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Zhang X, Ding H, Ji X, Chen L, Huang P, Lin Z, Zhu J, Zhou S, Liu Z, Zhang M, Xu Q. Predicting vulnerable carotid plaques by detecting wall shear stress based on ultrasonic vector flow imaging. J Vasc Surg 2024:S0741-5214(24)01341-7. [PMID: 38925348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2024.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carotid plaque vulnerability is a significant factor in the risk of cardiocerebrovascular events, with intraplaque neovascularization (IPN) being a crucial characteristic of plaque vulnerability. This study investigates the value of ultrasound vector flow imaging (V-flow) for measuring carotid plaque wall shear stress (WSS) in predicting the extent of IPN. METHODS We enrolled 140 patients into three groups: 53 in the plaque group (72 plaques), 23 in the stenosis group (27 plaques), and 64 in the control group. V-flow was used to measure WSS parameters, including the average WSS (WSS mean) and the maximum WSS (WSS max), across three plaque locations: mid-upstream, maximum thickness, and mid-downstream. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination was used in 76 patients to analyze IPN and its correlation with WSS parameters. RESULTS WSS max in the stenosis group was significantly higher than that in the control and plaque groups at the maximum thickness part (P < .05) and WSS mean in the stenosis group was significantly lower than that in the control group at the mid-upstream and mid-downstream segments (P < .05). WSS mean in the plaque group was significantly lower than that of the control group at all three locations (P < .05). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination revealed that plaques with neovascularization enhancement exhibited significantly higher WSS values (P < .05), with a positive correlation between WSS parameters and IPN enhancement grades, particularly WSS max at the thickest part (r = 0.508). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of WSS parameters for evaluating IPN showed that the efficacy of WSS max in evaluating IPN was better than that of WSS mean (P < .05), with an area under the curve of 0.7762 and 0.6973 (95% confidence intervals, 0.725-0.822 and 0.642-0.749, respectively). The cut-offs were 4.57 Pa and 1.12 Pa, sensitivities were 74.03% and 63.64%, and specificities were 75.00% and 68.18%. CONCLUSIONS V-flow effectively measures WSS in carotid plaques. WSS max provides a promising metric for assessing IPN, offering potential insights into plaque characteristics and showing some potential in predicting plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanhuan Ding
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Ji
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peipei Huang
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zengqiao Lin
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianbi Zhu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shujing Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zezheng Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Lingkun Street Community Health Service Center of Dongtou District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Hong SG, Kennelly JP, Williams KJ, Bensinger SJ, Mack JJ. Flow-Mediated Modulation of the Endothelial Cell Lipidome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.13.598934. [PMID: 38915541 PMCID: PMC11195170 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.13.598934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The luminal surface of the endothelium is exposed to dynamic blood flow patterns that are known to affect endothelial cell phenotype. While many studies have documented the phenotypic changes by gene or protein expression, less is known about the role of blood flow pattern on the endothelial cell (EC) lipidome. In this study, shotgun lipidomics was conducted on human aortic ECs (HAECs) exposed to unidirectional laminar flow (UF), disturbed flow (DF), or static conditions for 48 hrs. A total of 520 individual lipid species from 17 lipid subclasses were detected. Total lipid abundance was significantly increased for HAECs exposed to DF compared to UF conditions. Despite the increase in the total lipid abundance, HAECs maintained equivalent composition of each lipid subclass (% of total lipid) under both DF and UF. However, by lipid composition (% of total subclass), 28 lipid species were significantly altered between DF and UF. Complimentary RNA sequencing of HAECs exposed to UF or DF revealed changes in transcripts involved in lipid metabolism. Shotgun lipidomics was also performed on HAECs exposed to pro-inflammatory agonists lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Pam3CSK4 (Pam3) for 48 hrs. Exposure to LPS or Pam3 reshaped the EC lipidome in both unique and overlapping ways. In conclusion, exposure to flow alters the EC lipidome and ECs undergo stimulus-specific lipid reprogramming in response to pro-inflammatory agonist exposure. Ultimately, this work provides a resource to profile the transcriptional and lipidomic changes that occur in response to applied flow that can be accessed by the vascular biology community to further dissect and extend our understanding of endothelial lipid biology.
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Mandrycky C, Ishida T, Rayner SG, Heck AM, Hadland B, Zheng Y. Under pressure: integrated endothelial cell response to hydrostatic and shear stresses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.30.596749. [PMID: 38854073 PMCID: PMC11160699 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.30.596749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Blood flow within the vasculature is a critical determinant of endothelial cell (EC) identity and functionality, yet the intricate interplay of various hemodynamic forces and their collective impact on endothelial and vascular responses are not fully understood. Specifically, the role of hydrostatic pressure in the EC flow response is understudied, despite its known significance in vascular development and disease. To address this gap, we developed in vitro models to investigate how pressure influences EC responses to flow. Our study demonstrates that elevated pressure conditions significantly modify shear-induced flow alignment and increase endothelial cell density. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses revealed that, while shear stress remains the primary driver of flow-induced transcriptional changes, pressure modulates shear-induced signaling in a dose-dependent manner. These pressure-responsive transcriptional signatures identified in human ECs were conserved during the onset of circulation in early mouse embryonic vascular development, where pressure was notably associated with transcriptional programs essential to arterial and hemogenic EC fates. Our findings suggest that pressure plays a synergistic role with shear stress on ECs and emphasizes the need for an integrative approach to endothelial cell mechanotransduction, one that encompasses the effects induced by pressure alongside other hemodynamic forces.
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