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Ding M, Bao Y, Liang H, Zhang X, Li B, Yang R, Zeng N. Potential mechanisms of formononetin against inflammation and oxidative stress: a review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1368765. [PMID: 38799172 PMCID: PMC11116718 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1368765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Formononetin (FMNT) is a secondary metabolite of flavonoids abundant in legumes and graminaceous plants such as Astragalus mongholicus Bunge [Fabaceae; Astragali radix] and Avena sativa L. [Poaceae]. Astragalus is traditionally used in Asia countries such as China, Korea and Mongolia to treat inflammatory diseases, immune disorders and cancers. In recent years, inflammation and oxidative stress have been found to be associated with many diseases. A large number of pharmacological studies have shown that FMNT, an important bioactive metabolite of Astragalus, has a profoundly anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. This review focuses on providing comprehensive and up-to-date findings on the efficacy of the molecular targets and mechanisms involve of FMNT and its derivatives against inflammation and oxidative stress in both in vitro and in vivo. Relevant literature on FMNT against inflammation and oxidative stress between 2013 and 2023 were analyzed. FMNT has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential and shows mild or no toxicity in various diseases. Moreover, in the medical field, FMNT has shown potential in the prevention and treatment of cancers, neurological diseases, fibrotic diseases, allergic diseases, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases and autoimmune diseases. Thus, it is expected to be utilized in more products in the medical, food and cosmetic industries in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiwen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruocong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
- Pharmacy College of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Wang Y, Luo M, Che L, Wu Q, Li J, Ma Y, Wang J, Liu C. Enhanced detection of ligand-PPARγ binding based on surface plasmon resonance through complexation with SRC1- or NCOR2-related polypeptide. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131865. [PMID: 38670200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
A previous study reported the use of a biosensing technique based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for the ligand binding detection of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma (PPARγ). This detection was designed based on the structural properties of PPARγ. Because of cross-linked protein inactivation and the low molecular weight of conventional ligands, direct ligand binding detection based on SPR has low stability and repeatability. In this study, we report an indirect response methodology based on SPR technology in which anti-His CM5 chip binds fresh PPARγ every cycle, resulting in more stable detection. We developed a remarkable improvement in ligand-protein binding detectability in vitro by introducing two coregulator-related polypeptides into this system. In parallel, a systematic indirect response methodology can reflect the interaction relationship between ligands and proteins to some extent by detecting the changes in SA-SRC1 and GST-NCOR2 binding to PPARγ. Rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist with strong affinity, is a potent insulin-sensitizing agent. Some ligands may be competitively exerted at the same sites of PPARγ (binding rosiglitazone). We demonstrated using indirect response methodology that selective PPARγ modulator (SPPARM) candidates of PPARγ can be found by competing for the binding of the rosiglitazone site on PPARγ, although they may have no effect on polypeptides and PPARγ binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Wang
- Experimental Research Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhu Luo
- Experimental Research Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luyang Che
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, People's Liberation Army General Hospital Hainan Hospital, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Qixin Wu
- Experimental Research Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhe Li
- Experimental Research Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Experimental Research Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Experimental Research Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changzhen Liu
- Experimental Research Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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da Silva RGS, Ferreira MO, Komori IMS, Oliveira HRM, Machado MG, Orrutea JFG, Alves FM, dos Santos Jaques H, da Silva JC, de Souza JA, Rech D, Panis C. Brief research report pesticide occupational exposure leads to significant inflammatory changes in normal mammary breast tissue. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1229422. [PMID: 37780419 PMCID: PMC10538633 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1229422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have documented the high occurrence of several tumors, including female breast cancer, in populations occupationally exposed to pesticides worldwide. It is believed that in addition to direct DNA damage, other molecular alterations that indicate genomic instability are associated, such as epigenetic modifications and the production of inflammation mediators. The present study characterized the profile of inflammatory changes in the breast tissue of women without cancer occupationally exposed to pesticides. In samples of normal breast tissue collected during biopsy and evaluated as negative for cancer by a pathologist, oxidative stress levels were assessed as inflammatory markers through measurements of lipoperoxides and total antioxidant capacity of the sample (TRAP) by high-sensitivity chemiluminescence, as well as levels of nitric oxide (NOx) metabolites. The levels of inflammation-modulating transcription factors PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) and NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) were also quantified, in addition to the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 12 (IL-12). The levels of lipoperoxides, TRAP, and NOx were significantly lower in the exposed group. On the other hand, PPAR-γ levels were increased in the breast tissue of exposed women, with no variation in NF-κB. There was also a rise of TNF-α in exposed women samples without significant variations in IL-12 levels. These findings suggest an inflammatory signature of the breast tissue associated with pesticide exposure, which may trigger mechanisms related to mutations and breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariane Okamoto Ferreira
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isabella Mitsu Suo Komori
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Murilo Galvani Machado
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Mara Alves
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Hellen dos Santos Jaques
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Janaína Carla da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Janoário Athanazio de Souza
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
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Roato I, Baima G, Orrico C, Mosca Balma A, Alotto D, Romano F, Ferracini R, Aimetti M, Mussano F. Senescent Markers Expressed by Periodontal Ligament-Derived Stem Cells (PDLSCs) Harvested from Patients with Periodontitis Can Be Rejuvenated by RG108. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2535. [PMID: 37760976 PMCID: PMC10526252 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament (PDL) has become an elective source of mesenchymal stem cells (PDLSCs) in dentistry. This research aimed to compare healthy PDLSCs (hPDLSCs) and periodontitis PDLSCs (pPDLSCs) to ascertain any possible functional differences owing to their milieux of origin. Cells were tested in terms of colony-forming unit efficiency; multi differentiating capacity; immunophenotype, stemness, and senescent state were studied by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and β-galactosidase staining; gene expression using RT-PCR. Both hPDLSCs and pPDLSCs were comparable in terms of their immunophenotype and multilineage differentiation capabilities, but pPDLSCs showed a senescent phenotype more frequently. Thus, a selective small molecule inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), RG108, known for its effect on senescence, was used to possibly reverse this phenotype. RG108 did not affect the proliferation and apoptosis of PDLSCs, and it showed little effect on hPDLSCs, while a significant reduction of both p16 and p21 was detected along with an increase of SOX2 and OCT4 in pPDLSCs after treatment at 100 μM RG108. Moreover, the subset of PDLSCs co-expressing OCT4 and p21 decreased, and adipogenic potential increased in pPDLSCs after treatment. pPDLSCs displayed a senescent phenotype that could be reversed, opening new perspectives for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Roato
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (I.R.); (A.M.B.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Giacomo Baima
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (I.R.); (A.M.B.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.M.)
- Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Clarissa Orrico
- Fondazione Ricerca Molinette-Onlus, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10129 Turin, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Mosca Balma
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (I.R.); (A.M.B.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Daniela Alotto
- Skin Bank, Department of General and Specialized Surgery, A.O.U. Città della Salute e Della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Federica Romano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (I.R.); (A.M.B.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Riccardo Ferracini
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Mario Aimetti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (I.R.); (A.M.B.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Federico Mussano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (I.R.); (A.M.B.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.M.)
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Pan R, Liu J, Chen Y. Treatment of obesity-related diabetes: significance of thermogenic adipose tissue and targetable receptors. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1144918. [PMID: 37435495 PMCID: PMC10332465 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1144918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is mainly classified into four types according to its pathogenesis, of which type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has the highest incidence rate and is most relevant to obesity. It is characterized by high blood glucose, which is primarily due to insulin resistance in tissues that are responsible for glucose homeostasis (such as the liver, skeletal muscle, and white adipose tissue (WAT)) combined with insufficiency of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Treatment of diabetes, especially treatment of diabetic complications (such as diabetic nephropathy), remains problematic. Obesity is one of the main causes of insulin resistance, which, however, could potentially be treated by activating thermogenic adipose tissues, like brown and beige adipose tissues, because they convert energy into heat through non-shivering thermogenesis and contribute to metabolic homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the function of certain anti-diabetic medications with known thermogenic mechanisms and focus on various receptor signaling pathways, such as previously well-known and recently discovered ones that are involved in adipose tissue-mediated thermogenesis and could be potentially targeted to combat obesity and its associated diabetes, for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of non-shivering thermogenesis and the development of novel therapeutic interventions for obesity-related diabetes and potentially diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruping Pan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiadai Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Simvastatin Improves Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Role of Peroxisome-Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ and Classic WNT/β-Catenin Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054911. [PMID: 36902342 PMCID: PMC10003121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in elderly men with an uncertain etiology and mechanistic basis. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is also a very common illness and is closely related to BPH. Simvastatin (SV) is one of the widely used statins for MetS. Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), crosstalking with the WNT/β-catenin pathway, plays important roles in MetS. Our current study aimed to examine SV-PPARγ-WNT/β-catenin signaling in the development of BPH. Human prostate tissues and cell lines plus a BPH rat model were utilized. Immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining, construction of a tissue microarray (TMA), ELISA, CCK-8 assay, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, and Western blotting were also performed. PPARγ was expressed in both prostate stroma and epithelial compartments and downregulated in BPH tissues. Furthermore, SV dose-dependently triggered cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and attenuated tissue fibrosis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process both in vitro and in vivo. SV also upregulated the PPARγ pathway, whose antagonist could reverse SV produced in the aforementioned biological process. Additionally, crosstalk between PPARγ and WNT/β-catenin signaling was demonstrated. Finally, correlation analysis with our TMA containing 104 BPH specimens showed that PPARγ was negatively related with prostate volume (PV) and free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA) and positively correlated with maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax). WNT-1 and β-catenin were positively related with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and nocturia, respectively. Our novel data demonstrate that SV could modulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, tissue fibrosis, and the EMT process in the prostate through crosstalk between PPARγ and WNT/β-catenin pathways.
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Maciejewska-Skrendo A, Massidda M, Tocco F, Leźnicka K. The Influence of the Differentiation of Genes Encoding Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Their Coactivators on Nutrient and Energy Metabolism. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245378. [PMID: 36558537 PMCID: PMC9782515 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic components may play an important role in the regulation of nutrient and energy metabolism. In the presence of specific genetic variants, metabolic dysregulation may occur, especially in relation to the processes of digestion, assimilation, and the physiological utilization of nutrients supplied to the body, as well as the regulation of various metabolic pathways and the balance of metabolic changes, which may consequently affect the effectiveness of applied reduction diets and weight loss after training. There are many well-documented studies showing that the presence of certain polymorphic variants in some genes can be associated with specific changes in nutrient and energy metabolism, and consequently, with more or less desirable effects of applied caloric reduction and/or exercise intervention. This systematic review focused on the role of genes encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and their coactivators in nutrient and energy metabolism. The literature review prepared showed that there is a link between the presence of specific alleles described at different polymorphic points in PPAR genes and various human body characteristics that are crucial for the efficacy of nutritional and/or exercise interventions. Genetic analysis can be a valuable element that complements the work of a dietitian or trainer, allowing for the planning of a personalized diet or training that makes the best use of the innate metabolic characteristics of the person who is the subject of their interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Maciejewska-Skrendo
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Myosotis Massidda
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Sport and Exercise Sciences Degree Courses, University of Cagliari, 72-09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Filippo Tocco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Sport and Exercise Sciences Degree Courses, University of Cagliari, 72-09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Leźnicka
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
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Evans N, Conley JM, Cardon M, Hartig P, Medlock-Kakaley E, Gray LE. In vitro activity of a panel of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), fatty acids, and pharmaceuticals in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha, PPAR gamma, and estrogen receptor assays. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 449:116136. [PMID: 35752307 PMCID: PMC9341220 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Data demonstrate numerous per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), however, additional work is needed to characterize PFAS activity on PPAR gamma (PPARγ) and other nuclear receptors. We utilized in vitro assays with either human or rat PPARα or PPARγ ligand binding domains to evaluate 16 PFAS (HFPO-DA, HFPO-DA-AS, NBP2, PFMOAA, PFHxA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFOS, PFBS, PFHxS, PFOSA, EtPFOSA, and 4:2, 6:2 and 8:2 FTOH), 3 endogenous fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, and octanoic), and 3 pharmaceuticals (WY14643, clofibrate, and the metabolite clofibric acid). We also tested chemicals for human estrogen receptor (hER) transcriptional activation. Nearly all compounds activated both PPARα and PPARγ in both human and rat ligand binding domain assays, except for the FTOH compounds and PFOSA. Receptor activation and relative potencies were evaluated based on effect concentration 20% (EC20), top percent of max fold induction (pmaxtop), and area under the curve (AUC). HFPO-DA and HFPO-DA-AS were the most potent (lowest EC20, highest pmaxtop and AUC) of all PFAS in rat and human PPARα assays, being slightly less potent than oleic and linoleic acid, while NBP2 was the most potent in rat and human PPARγ assays. Only PFHxS, 8:2 and 6:2 FTOH exhibited hER agonism >20% pmax. In vitro measures of human and rat PPARα and PPARγ activity did not correlate with oral doses or serum concentrations of PFAS that induced increases in male rat liver weight from the National Toxicology Program 28-d toxicity studies. Data indicate that both PPARα and PPARγ activation may be molecular initiating events that contribute to the in vivo effects observed for many PFAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Evans
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Office of Research & Development/Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment/Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Justin M Conley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Office of Research & Development/Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment/Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Mary Cardon
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Office of Research & Development/Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment/Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Phillip Hartig
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Office of Research & Development/Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment/Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Medlock-Kakaley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Office of Research & Development/Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment/Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - L Earl Gray
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Office of Research & Development/Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment/Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
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Lee Y, Lim JW, Kim H. α‑lipoic acid inhibits cerulein/resistin‑induced expression of interleukin‑6 by activating peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor‑γ in pancreatic acinar cells. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:264. [PMID: 35730599 PMCID: PMC9260878 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerulein‑induced pancreatitis resembles human acute pancreatitis in terms of pathological events, such as enzymatic activation and inflammatory cell infiltration in the pancreas. Cerulein is a cholecystokinin analog that increases levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) expression level in pancreatic acinar cells. Serum levels of resistin, which is secreted from adipocytes, are reportedly higher in patients with acute pancreatitis than in healthy individuals. Previously, it was shown that the adipokine resistin can aggravate the cerulein‑induced increase in ROS levels and IL‑6 expression level in pancreatic acinar cells. Peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor‑gamma (PPAR‑γ) is a key regulator of the transcription and expression of antioxidant enzymes, including heme oxygenase 1 (HO‑1) and catalase. α‑lipoic acid, a naturally occurring dithiol antioxidant, can prevent cerulein‑induced pancreatic damage in rats. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate whether α‑lipoic acid can attenuate the cerulein/resistin‑induced increase in IL‑6 expression and ROS levels via PPAR‑γ activation in pancreatic acinar AR42J cells. The anti‑inflammatory mechanism of α‑lipoic acid was determined using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blot analysis, enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence staining and fluorometry. Treatment with cerulein and resistin increased ROS levels and IL‑6 expression level, which were inhibited by α‑lipoic acid in pancreatic acinar cells. α‑lipoic acid increased the nuclear translocation and expression level of PPAR‑γ and the expression levels of its target genes: HO‑1 and catalase. The PPAR‑γ antagonist GW9662 and HO‑1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin reversed the inhibitory effect of α‑lipoic acid on cerulein/resistin‑induced increase in ROS and IL‑6 levels. In conclusion, α‑lipoic acid inhibits the cerulein/resistin‑induced increase in ROS production and IL‑6 expression levels by activating PPAR‑γ and inducing the expression of HO‑1 and catalase in pancreatic acinar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Weon Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Pakravan G, Peymani M, Abedpoor N, Safaeinejad Z, Yadegari M, Derakhshan M, Nasr Esfahani MH, Ghaedi K. Antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of Pparγ agonist, pioglitazone, reversed Dox-induced cardiotoxicity through mediating of miR-130a downregulation in C57BL/6 mice. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23041. [PMID: 35343021 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is an antitumor agent widely used in cancer therapy, with notable side effects of cardiac toxicity. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), is a transcriptional factor with antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently we indicated that cardiac toxicity of Dox was due to upregulation of miR-130a and further suppressive effect on cardiac Pparγ in vitro. In this study, we extended our proposed hypothesis in vivo. To achieve this, pioglitazone (Pio) and GW9662 were used as the specific agonist and antagonist of Pparγ to treat Dox-injected mice. Heart function, apoptosis, and inflammation in heart tissue were studied. Pretreatment of Dox-injected mice with Pio resulted in elevated expression of Pparγ and suppression of miR-130a. However, GW9662 pretreatment was unable to increase miR-130a expression. Pio pretreatment led to partially cardiac toxicity limitation of Dox whereas GW9662 caused heart damage. Finally, our observation determined that activation of Pparγ was not adequate to reverse the Dox-induced toxicity completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Pakravan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Navid Abedpoor
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Safaeinejad
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Yadegari
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Maryam Derakhshan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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11
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Li L, Fang B, Zhang Y, Yan L, He Y, Hu L, Xu Q, Li Q, Dai X, Kuang Q, Xu M, Tan J, Ge C. Carminic acid mitigates fructose-triggered hepatic steatosis by inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112404. [PMID: 34781143 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive fructose (Fru) consumption has been reported to favor nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the molecular mechanism is still elusive, lacking effective therapeutic strategies. Carminic acid (CA), a glucosylated anthraquinone found in scale insects like Dactylopius coccus, exerts anti-tumor and anti-oxidant activities. Nevertheless, its regulatory role in Fru-induced NAFLD is still obscure. Here, the effects of CA on NAFLD in Fru-challenged mice and the underlying molecular mechanisms were explored. We found that Fru intake significantly led to insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in liver of mice, which were considerably attenuated by CA treatment through repressing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Additionally, inflammatory response induced by Fru was also attenuated by CA via the blockage of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and tumor necrosis factor α/TNF-α receptor (TNF-α/TNFRs) signaling pathways. Moreover, Fru-provoked oxidative stress in liver tissues was remarkably attenuated by CA mainly through improving the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2). These anti-dyslipidemias, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities regulated by CA were confirmed in the isolated primary hepatocytes with Fru stimulation. Importantly, the in vitro experiments demonstrated that Fru-induced lipid accumulation was closely associated with inflammatory response and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production regulated by TNF-α and Nrf-2 signaling pathways, respectively. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that CA could be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy to attenuate metabolic disorder and NAFLD in Fru-challenged mice mainly through suppressing inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Bo Fang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yinglei Zhang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Liuqing Yan
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yuxin He
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Linfeng Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Qifei Xu
- Department of Radiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Xianling Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Qin Kuang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Chenxu Ge
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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12
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Weatherly LM, Shane HL, Lukomska E, Baur R, Anderson SE. Systemic toxicity induced by topical application of heptafluorobutyric acid (PFBA) in a murine model. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 156:112528. [PMID: 34474067 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Heptafluorobutyric acid (PFBA) is a synthetic chemical belonging to the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) group that includes over 5000 chemicals incorporated into numerous products. PFBA is a short-chain PFAS (C4) labeled as a safer alternative to legacy PFAS which have been linked to numerous health effects. Despite the high potential for dermal exposure, occupationally and environmentally, dermal exposure studies are lacking. Using a murine model, this study analyzed serum chemistries, histology, immune phenotyping, and gene expression to evaluate the systemic toxicity of sub-chronic dermal PFBA 15-day (15% v/v or 375 mg/kg/dose) or 28-day (3.75-7.5% v/v or 93.8-187.5 mg/kg/dose) exposures. PFBA exposure produced significant increases in liver and kidney weights and altered serum chemistries (all exposure levels). Immune-cell phenotyping identified significant increases in draining lymph node B-cells (15%) and CD11b + cells (3.75-15%) and skin T-cells (3.75-15%) and neutrophils (7.5-15%). Histopathological and gene expression changes were observed in both the liver and skin after dermal PFBA exposure. The findings indicate PFBA induces liver toxicity and alterations of PPAR target genes, suggesting a role of a PPAR pathway. These results demonstrate that sustained dermal exposure to PFBA induces systemic effects and raise concerns of short-chain PFAS being promoted as safer alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Weatherly
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.
| | - Hillary L Shane
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Ewa Lukomska
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Rachel Baur
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stacey E Anderson
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
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13
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Balatskyi VV, Vaskivskyi VO, Myronova A, Avramets D, Abu Nahia K, Macewicz LL, Ruban TP, Kucherenko DY, Soldatkin OO, Lushnikova IV, Skibo GG, Winata CL, Dobrzyn P, Piven OO. Cardiac-specific β-catenin deletion dysregulates energetic metabolism and mitochondrial function in perinatal cardiomyocytes. Mitochondrion 2021; 60:59-69. [PMID: 34303005 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
β-Catenin signaling pathway regulates cardiomyocytes proliferation and differentiation, though its involvement in metabolic regulation of cardiomyocytes remains unknown. We used one-day-old mice with cardiac-specific knockout of β-catenin and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes treated with β-catenin inhibitor to investigate the role of β-catenin metabolism regulation in perinatal cardiomyocytes. Transcriptomics of perinatal β-catenin-ablated hearts revealed a dramatic shift in the expression of genes involved in metabolic processes. Further analysis indicated an inhibition of lipolysis and glycolysis in both in vitro and in vivo models. Finally, we showed that β-catenin deficiency leads to mitochondria dysfunction via the downregulation of Sirt1/PGC-1α pathway. We conclude that cardiac-specific β-catenin ablation disrupts the energy substrate shift that is essential for postnatal heart maturation, leading to perinatal lethality of homozygous β-catenin knockout mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr V Balatskyi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Str, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Vasyl O Vaskivskyi
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Akad. Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Anna Myronova
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Akad. Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Diana Avramets
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Akad. Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Karim Abu Nahia
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Developmental Genomics, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, 4 Ks. Trojdena Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Larysa L Macewicz
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Akad. Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana P Ruban
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Akad. Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Dar'ya Yu Kucherenko
- Department of Biomolecular Electronics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Akad. Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O Soldatkin
- Department of Biomolecular Electronics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Akad. Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Iryna V Lushnikova
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4 Bogomoletz Str, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Galyna G Skibo
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4 Bogomoletz Str, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Cecilia L Winata
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Developmental Genomics, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, 4 Ks. Trojdena Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Str, Warsaw 02-093, Poland.
| | - Oksana O Piven
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Akad. Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine.
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14
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Vallée A, Vallée JN, Le Blanche A, Lecarpentier Y. PPARγ Agonists: Emergent Therapy in Endometriosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060543. [PMID: 34204039 PMCID: PMC8229142 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is one of the major gynecological diseases of reproductive-age women. This disease is characterized by the presence of glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Several studies have shown the major role of inflammation, angiogenesis, adhesion and invasion, and apoptosis in endometriotic lesions. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying endometriotic mechanisms still remain unclear and therapies are not currently efficient. The introduction of new agents can be effective by improving the condition of patients. PPARγ ligands can directly modulate these pathways in endometriosis. However, data in humans remain low. Thus, the purpose of this review is to summarize the potential actions of PPARγ agonists in endometriosis by acting on inflammation, angiogenesis, invasion, adhesion, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation (DRCI), Foch Hospital, 92150 Suresnes, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Jean-Noël Vallée
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Amiens Picardie, Université Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80000 Amiens, France;
- DACTIM-Mis, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Applications (LMA), UMR CNRS 7348, Université de Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Alain Le Blanche
- Laboratoire CeRSM (EA-2931), UPL, Université Paris Nanterre, F92000 Nanterre, France;
- Hôpital René-Dubos de Pontoise and Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin, Simone Veil UFR des Sciences de la Santé, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l’Est Francilien (GHEF), 77100 Meaux, France;
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15
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Huang R, Zhang C, Wang X, Hu H. PPARγ in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Overview of the Biology and Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:600618. [PMID: 33995008 PMCID: PMC8117354 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.600618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a complex pathophysiological process that is often characterized as a blood circulation disorder caused due to various factors (such as traumatic shock, surgery, organ transplantation, burn, and thrombus). Severe metabolic dysregulation and tissue structure destruction are observed upon restoration of blood flow to the ischemic tissue. Theoretically, IRI can occur in various tissues and organs, including the kidney, liver, myocardium, and brain, among others. The advances made in research regarding restoring tissue perfusion in ischemic areas have been inadequate with regard to decreasing the mortality and infarct size associated with IRI. Hence, the clinical treatment of patients with severe IRI remains a thorny issue. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a member of a superfamily of nuclear transcription factors activated by agonists and is a promising therapeutic target for ameliorating IRI. Therefore, this review focuses on the role of PPARγ in IRI. The protective effects of PPARγ, such as attenuating oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammatory responses, and antagonizing apoptosis, are described, envisaging certain therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhen Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Honglin Hu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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16
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Vallée A, Lecarpentier Y, Vallée JN. Interplay of Opposing Effects of the WNT/β-Catenin Pathway and PPARγ and Implications for SARS-CoV2 Treatment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:666693. [PMID: 33927728 PMCID: PMC8076593 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.666693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), has quickly reached pandemic proportions. Cytokine profiles observed in COVID-19 patients have revealed increased levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α and increased NF-κB pathway activity. Recent evidence has shown that the upregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway is associated with inflammation, resulting in a cytokine storm in ARDS (acute respire distress syndrome) and especially in COVID-19 patients. Several studies have shown that the WNT/β-catenin pathway interacts with PPARγ in an opposing interplay in numerous diseases. Furthermore, recent studies have highlighted the interesting role of PPARγ agonists as modulators of inflammatory and immunomodulatory drugs through the targeting of the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. SARS-CoV2 infection presents a decrease in the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) associated with the upregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway. SARS-Cov2 may invade human organs besides the lungs through the expression of ACE2. Evidence has highlighted the fact that PPARγ agonists can increase ACE2 expression, suggesting a possible role for PPARγ agonists in the treatment of COVID-19. This review therefore focuses on the opposing interplay between the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ in SARS-CoV2 infection and the potential beneficial role of PPARγ agonists in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien (GHEF), Meaux, France
| | - Jean-Noël Vallée
- University Hospital Center (CHU) Amiens Picardie, University of Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France.,Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications (LMA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 7348, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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17
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The lyophilized aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera blunts streptozocin-induced diabetes in rats through upregulation of GLUT 4 signaling pathway and anti-oxidant effect. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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18
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Høgild ML, Gudiksen A, Pilegaard H, Stødkilde-Jørgensen H, Pedersen SB, Møller N, Jørgensen JOL, Jessen N. Redundancy in regulation of lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle during prolonged fasting in obese men. Physiol Rep 2020; 7:e14285. [PMID: 31724339 PMCID: PMC6854099 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasting in human subjects shifts skeletal muscle metabolism toward lipid utilization and accumulation, including intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) deposition. Growth hormone (GH) secretion amplifies during fasting and promotes lipolysis and lipid oxidation, but it is unknown to which degree lipid deposition and metabolism in skeletal muscle during fasting depends on GH action. To test this, we studied nine obese but otherwise healthy men thrice: (a) in the postabsorptive state (“CTRL”), (b) during 72‐hr fasting (“FAST”), and (c) during 72‐hr fasting and treatment with a GH antagonist (GHA) (“FAST + GHA”). IMCL was assessed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and blood samples were drawn for plasma metabolomics assessment while muscle biopsies were obtained for measurements of regulators of substrate metabolism. Prolonged fasting was associated with elevated GH levels and a pronounced GHA‐independent increase in circulating medium‐ and long‐chain fatty acids, glycerol, and ketone bodies indicating increased supply of lipid intermediates to skeletal muscle. Additionally, fasting was associated with a release of short‐, medium‐, and long‐chain acylcarnitines to the circulation from an increased β‐oxidation. This was consistent with a ≈55%–60% decrease in pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHa) activity. Opposite, IMCL content increased ≈75% with prolonged fasting without an effect of GHA. We suggest that prolonged fasting increases lipid uptake in skeletal muscle and saturates lipid oxidation, both favoring IMCL deposition. This occurs without a detectable effect of GHA on skeletal muscle lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten L Høgild
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders Gudiksen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Hans Stødkilde-Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,The MR Research Center, Aarhus University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen Bønløkke Pedersen
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Møller
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens O L Jørgensen
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Jessen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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19
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Chen D, Jia D, Wu X, Shi K, Ren C, Dou Y, Guo M, Wang J, Ma M, Wu Z, Shi HY, Li W, Feng Y, Wu F. A novel metformin derivative showed improvement of lipid metabolism in obese rats with type 2 diabetes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1382-1392. [PMID: 32155673 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the lipid metabolism regulatory activity of a novel metformin derivative (MD568) and its potential mechanism of action in obese rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM). Previous gene chip analysis of 3T3-L1 cells have shown that MD568 regulates the transcription of genes involved in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signalling pathway, fatty acid metabolism, and glycerolipid metabolism. In this study, obese T2 DM rats were treated with MD568 (200 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Results showed that MD568 significantly reduced the body weight gain, plasma glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. MD568 treatment also improved the insulin resistance of obese T2 DM model rats. In particular, in white adipose tissue, MD568 inhibited the excessive volume increment of adipose cells by down-regulating the protein levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP-α) and PPAR-γ, as well as the transcription of their target lipid metabolism-related genes. In the liver, MD568 inhibited hepatic fatty lesions and interfered with hepatic gluconeogenesis by regulating the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and glycogen-related kinases. In conclusion, our results suggest that the newly synthesized MD568 affects the maintenance of lipid homeostasis in obese type 2 diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqi Chen
- Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Jia
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Post-doctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Health Science Centre, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Shi
- Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui Ren
- Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghui Dou
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingxin Guo
- Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanxia Wang
- Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Ma
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Post-doctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengzhi Wu
- Health Science Centre, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics, Shenzhen, China
| | - He-Yong Shi
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Feng
- Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuhai Wu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Wu L, Guo C, Wu J. Therapeutic potential of PPARγ natural agonists in liver diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2736-2748. [PMID: 32031298 PMCID: PMC7077554 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a vital subtype of the PPAR family. The biological functions are complex and diverse. PPARγ plays a significant role in protecting the liver from inflammation, oxidation, fibrosis, fatty liver and tumours. Natural products are a promising pool for drug discovery, and enormous research effort has been invested in exploring the PPARγ‐activating potential of natural products. In this manuscript, we will review the research progress of PPARγ agonists from natural products in recent years and probe into the application potential and prospects of PPARγ natural agonists in the therapy of various liver diseases, including inflammation, hepatic fibrosis, non‐alcoholic fatty liver and liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Rodrigues AD, Lai Y, Shen H, Varma MV, Rowland A, Oswald S. Induction of Human Intestinal and Hepatic Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides: Where Is the Evidence for Its Relevance in Drug-Drug Interactions? Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 48:205-216. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.089615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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22
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Liu B, Zheng T, Dong L, Mao C, Xu C, Mou X, Luo X, Lu Q, Dong X, Liu J, Kang P, Ding C, Xiao Y, Jiang P. Caveolin-1 Regulates CCL5 and PPARγ Expression in Nthy-ori 3-1 Cells: Possible Involvement of Caveolin-1 and CCL5 in the Pathogenesis of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019; 20:609-618. [PMID: 31789139 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666191202115149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid parenchyma, which ultimately leads to tissue destruction and loss of function. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an essential structural constituent of lipid rafts in the plasma membrane of cells and is reported to be significantly reduced in thyrocytes from HT patients. However, the mechanism of Cav-1 involvement in HT pathogenesis is still largely unclear. METHODS Cav-1 expression in thyroid tissues from HT patients and euthyroid nodular goiter tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. Cav-1 knockdown and overexpression were constructed by lentiviral transfection in the human thyroid follicular epithelial cell (TFC) line of Nthy-ori 3-1. The mRNA expression levels of chemokines in TFCs were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Cav-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) levels were analysed by qPCR and Western blot analysis. The migration ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected by the Transwell assay. RESULTS In this study, Cav-1 and PPARγ expression was reduced in the thyroid tissues from HT patients. In vitro experiments showed that the expressions of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) and migration of PBMCs were markedly increased, while the level of PPARγ was significantly decreased after the lentivirus-mediated knockdown of Cav-1 in Nthy-ori 3-1 cells. Interestingly, pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, not only upregulated PPARγ and Cav-1 proteins significantly, but also effectively reversed the Cav-1-knockdown-induced upregulation of CCL5 in Nthy-ori 3-1 cells and reduced the infiltration of lymphocytes. CONCLUSION The inhibition of Cav-1 upregulated the CCL5 expression and downregulated the PPARγ expression in TFC while pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, reversed the detrimental consequence. This outcome might be a potential target for the treatment of lymphocyte infiltration into the thyroid gland and HT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baocui Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liyang Dong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chaoming Mao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chengcheng Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiao Mou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qingyan Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiameng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ping Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chao Ding
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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23
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Xu S, Chen Y, Ma Y, Liu T, Zhao M, Wang Z, Zhao L. Lipidomic Profiling Reveals Disruption of Lipid Metabolism in Valproic Acid-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:819. [PMID: 31379584 PMCID: PMC6659130 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is one of the most widely prescribed antiepileptic drugs, as VPA-induced hepatotoxicity is one of the most severe adverse reaction that can lead to death. The objective of this study was to gain an understanding of dysregulated lipid metabolism in mechanism of hepatotoxicity. Nontargeted lipidomics analysis with liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF/MS) was performed to explore differential lipids from the patient serum and L02 cells. Lipidomics data interpretation was augmented by gene expression analyses for the key enzymes in lipid metabolism pathways. From patient serum lipidomics, pronouncedly changed lipid species between abnormal liver function (ALF) patients and normal liver function (NLF) patients were identified. Among these lipid species, LPCs, Cers, and SMs were markedly reduced in the ALF group and showed negative relationships with liver injury severity [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels], while significantly increased triacylglycerols (TAG) with higher summed carbon numbers demonstrated a positive relationship with ALT levels. Regarding lipidomics in hepatic L02 cells, TAG was markedly elevated after VPA exposure, especially in TAGs with more than 53 summed carbons. Besides, gene expression analysis revealed dysregulated lipid metabolism in VPA-treated L02 cells. Peroxime proliferators-activated receptor (PPARγ) pathway played an important role in VPA-induced lipid disruption through inducing long-chain fatty acid uptake and TAG synthesis, which was also regulated by Akt pathway. Our findings present that VPA-induced lipid metabolism disruption might lead to lipotoxicity in the liver. This approach is expected to be applicable for other drug-induced toxicity assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shansen Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yiyi Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Shanghai AB Sciex Analytical Instrument Trading Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhanyou Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Limei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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24
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Vallée A, Vallée JN, Lecarpentier Y. Metabolic reprogramming in atherosclerosis: Opposed interplay between the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 133:36-46. [PMID: 31153873 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and age-related disease, is a complex mechanism presenting a dysregulation of vessel structures. During this process, the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway is increased whereas PPARγ is downregulated. The two systems act in an opposite manner. This paper reviews the opposing interplay of these systems and their metabolic-reprogramming pathway in atherosclerosis. Activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway enhances the transcription of targets involved in inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and vascular calcification. This complex mechanism, which is partly controlled by the WNT/β-catenin pathway, presents several metabolic dysfunctions. This phenomenon, called aerobic glycolysis (or the Warburg effect), consists of a shift in ATP production from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, leading to the overproduction of intracellular lactate. This mechanism is partially due to the injury of mitochondrial respiration and an increase in the glycolytic pathway. In contrast, PPARγ agonists downregulate the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Therefore, the development of therapeutic targets, such as PPARγ agonists, for the treatment of atherosclerosis could be an interesting and innovative way of counteracting the canonical WNT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
| | - Jean-Noël Vallée
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Amiens Picardie, Université Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80054 Amiens, France; Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Applications (LMA), UMR CNRS 7348, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien (GHEF), 6-8 rue Saint-fiacre, 77100 Meaux, France
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25
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Tachibana K, Ishimoto K, Takahashi R, Kadono H, Awaji T, Yuzuriha T, Tanaka T, Hamakubo T, Sakai J, Kodama T, Aoki S, Doi T. Development of a Ligand Screening Tool Using Full-Length Human Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Expressing Cell Lines to Ameliorate Metabolic Syndrome. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:199-202. [PMID: 30827999 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and include three subtypes (PPARα, PPARδ, and PPARγ). They regulate gene expression in a ligand-dependent manner. PPARα plays an important role in lipid metabolism. PPARγ is involved in glucose metabolism and is a potential therapeutic target in Type 2 diabetes. PPARδ ligands are candidates for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Thus, the detection of PPAR ligands may facilitate the treatment of various diseases. In this study, to identify PPAR ligands, we engineered reporter cell lines that can be used to quantify PPARγ and PPARδ activity. We evaluated several known ligands using these reporter cell lines and confirmed that they are useful for PPAR ligand detection. Furthermore, we evaluated extracts of approximately 200 natural resources and found various extracts that enhance reporter gene activity. Finally, we identified a main alkaloid of the Evodia fruit, evodiamine, as a PPARγ activator using this screening tool. These results suggest that the established reporter cell lines may serve as a useful cell-based screening tool for finding PPAR ligands to ameliorate metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenji Ishimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Rika Takahashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Hirokazu Kadono
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Takuya Awaji
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | | | - Toshiya Tanaka
- Laboratory for System Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo
| | - Takao Hamakubo
- Department of Protein-Protein Interaction Research, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School
| | - Juro Sakai
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for System Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo
| | - Shunji Aoki
- School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences
| | - Takefumi Doi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
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26
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Oikonomou E, Mourouzis K, Fountoulakis P, Papamikroulis GA, Siasos G, Antonopoulos A, Vogiatzi G, Tsalamadris S, Vavuranakis M, Tousoulis D. Interrelationship between diabetes mellitus and heart failure: the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in left ventricle performance. Heart Fail Rev 2019; 23:389-408. [PMID: 29453696 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-018-9682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a common cardiac syndrome, whose pathophysiology involves complex mechanisms, some of which remain unknown. Diabetes mellitus (DM) constitutes not only a glucose metabolic disorder accompanied by insulin resistance but also a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and HF. During the last years though emerging data set up, a bidirectional interrelationship between these two entities. In the case of DM impaired calcium homeostasis, free fatty acid metabolism, redox state, and advance glycation end products may accelerate cardiac dysfunction. On the other hand, when HF exists, hypoperfusion of the liver and pancreas, b-blocker and diuretic treatment, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction may cause impairment of glucose metabolism. These molecular pathways may be used as therapeutic targets for novel antidiabetic agents. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) not only improve insulin resistance and glucose and lipid metabolism but also manifest a diversity of actions directly or indirectly associated with systolic or diastolic performance of left ventricle and symptoms of HF. Interestingly, they may beneficially affect remodeling of the left ventricle, fibrosis, and diastolic performance but they may cause impaired water handing, sodium retention, and decompensation of HF which should be taken into consideration in the management of patients with DM. In this review article, we present the pathophysiological data linking HF with DM and we focus on the molecular mechanisms of PPARs agonists in left ventricle systolic and diastolic performance providing useful insights in the molecular mechanism of this class of metabolically active regiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK, 115 28, Athens, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos Mourouzis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK, 115 28, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Fountoulakis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK, 115 28, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Angelos Papamikroulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK, 115 28, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK, 115 28, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexis Antonopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK, 115 28, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK, 115 28, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiris Tsalamadris
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK, 115 28, Athens, Greece
| | - Manolis Vavuranakis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK, 115 28, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK, 115 28, Athens, Greece
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27
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Furth PA. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and BRCA1. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:R73-R79. [PMID: 30444720 PMCID: PMC6494719 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists have been proposed as breast cancer preventives. Individuals who carry a mutated copy of BRCA1, DNA repair-associated gene, are at increased risk for development of breast cancer. Published data in the field suggest there could be interactions between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and BRCA1 that could influence the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists for prevention. This review explores these possible interactions between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists and BRCA1 and discusses feasible experimental directions to provide more definitive information on the potential connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla A Furth
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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28
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Arisan ED, Ergül Z, Bozdağ G, Rencüzoğulları Ö, Çoker-Gürkan A, Obakan-Yerlikaya P, Coşkun D, Palavan-Ünsal N. Diclofenac induced apoptosis via altering PI3K/Akt/MAPK signaling axis in HCT 116 more efficiently compared to SW480 colon cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:2175-2184. [PMID: 30406888 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diclofenac is a preferential cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (COX-2) and member of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Inflammation is one of the main reason of poor prognosis of colon cancer cases; thereby NSAIDs are potential therapeutic agents in colon cancer therapy. In this study, our aim to understand the potential molecular targets of diclofenac, which may propose new therapeutic targets in HCT 116 (wt p53) and SW480 (mutant p53R273H) colon cancer cells. For this purpose, we identified different response against diclofenac treatment through expression profiles of PI3K/Akt/MAPK signaling axis. Our hypothesis was diclofenac-mediated apoptosis is associated with inhibition of PI3K/Akt/MAPK signaling axis. We found that sub-cytotoxic concentration of diclofenac (400 µM) promoted further apoptosis in HCT 116 cells compared to SW480 colon cancer cells. Diclofenac triggered dephosphorylation of PTEN, PDK, Akt, which led to inhibition of PI3K/Akt survival axis in HCT 116 colon cancer cells. However, diclofenac showed lesser effect in SW480 colon cancer cells. In addition, diclofenac further activated p44/42, p38 and SAPK/JNK in HCT 116 cells compared to SW480 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Damla Arisan
- Science and Literature Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Zehragül Ergül
- Science and Literature Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülnihal Bozdağ
- Science and Literature Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Rencüzoğulları
- Science and Literature Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ajda Çoker-Gürkan
- Science and Literature Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Obakan-Yerlikaya
- Science and Literature Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Coşkun
- Science and Literature Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Narçin Palavan-Ünsal
- Science and Literature Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
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29
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Epidermal Fatty Acid-Binding Protein: A Novel Marker in the Diagnosis of Dry Eye Disease in Sjögren Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113463. [PMID: 30400384 PMCID: PMC6274910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the lacrimal and salivary glands. This study compared the concentrations of epidermal fatty-acid binding protein (E-FABP) in the saliva, serum, and tears of SS patients with dry eye and dry mouth, with those of healthy adults to investigate the usefulness of E-FABP as a diagnostic marker for SS. Design: Prospective, observational case series. Participants: The subjects were 11 new patients with untreated Sjogren syndrome and 12 healthy control individuals. Methods: The diagnosis of SS was in accordance with the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan) Diagnostic Criteria (1999). Saliva, serum, and tear specimens were collected during internal medicine, dental, and ophthalmological examinations. The ophthalmological tests included the Dry Eye-related Quality of life Score (DEQS), tear break-up time (BUT), vital staining with fluorescein (FS) and lissamine green (LG), and the Schirmer test-1. The E-FABP concentration in the tears, saliva, and serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Main outcome measure: The E-FABP concentrations were compared between patients and controls. Results: There were significant differences between the patient and healthy control groups in all ophthalmological test results. There were no significant differences between the groups in the E-FABP concentrations in the saliva (p = 0.1513) or the serum (p = 0.4799), but the E-FABP concentration in the tears significantly differed between groups. The E-FABP concentration in tears tended to be significantly lower in patients with SS (mean, 323.5 ± 325.6 pg/mL) than healthy control subjects (mean, 4076 pg/mL; p = 0.0136). The E-FABP concentration in tears significantly correlated with the results of dry eye parameters. Conclusion: The E-FABP concentration in tears appears to be related to ocular surface epithelial damage and tear stability and may be a promising novel biomarker in the diagnosis of SS.
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30
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Elshazly S, Soliman E. PPAR gamma agonist, pioglitazone, rescues liver damage induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 362:86-94. [PMID: 30393147 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Remote organ damage is the major cause of death in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) due to renal ischemia reperfusion (IR). Liver is one of the vital organs which are profoundly affected by AKI. The present study aims to investigate the role of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma (PPARγ) in liver damage induced by IR injury in rats. Renal IR was induced by right nephrectomy, occlusion of left renal pedicle for 45 min to induce ischemia, and then reperfusion for 6 or 24 h. The PPARγ agonist, pioglitazone, was given orally for 7 days before renal IR procedure. Animals receiving pioglitazone showed improvement in renal and hepatic functions when compared to IR groups. Renal IR increased renal, hepatic and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and induced apoptotic cell death in liver. These effects were diminished with pioglitazone. In addition, pioglitazone reduced renal IR-induced oxidative stress in liver. Pioglitazone reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content and NADPH oxidase mRNA expression and induced further increase in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression when compared to IR groups. Furthermore, pioglitazone increased the expression of PPARγ target genes such as renal and hepatic PPARγ1 (Pparg1), hepatic hemoxygenase-1 (Hmox1), and hepatic thioredoxin (TRx). Histological profiles for kidney and liver were also ameliorated with pioglitazone. Hence, PPARγ is a potential target to protect liver in patients with renal IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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31
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Huang H, McIntosh AL, Martin GG, Dangott LJ, Kier AB, Schroeder F. Structural and Functional Interaction of Δ 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol with Liver Fatty Acid Binding Protein (FABP1). Biochemistry 2018; 57:6027-6042. [PMID: 30232874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although serum Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) undergoes rapid hepatic clearance and metabolism, almost nothing is known regarding the mechanism(s) whereby this highly lipophilic phytocannabinoid is transported for metabolism/excretion. A novel NBD-arachidonoylethanolamide (NBD-AEA) fluorescence displacement assay showed that liver fatty acid binding protein (FABP1), the major hepatic endocannabinoid (EC) binding protein, binds the first major metabolite of Δ9-THC (Δ9-THC-OH) as well as Δ9-THC itself. Circular dichroism (CD) confirmed that not only Δ9-THC and Δ9-THC-OH but also downstream metabolites Δ9-THC-COOH and Δ9-THC-CO-glucuronide directly interact with FABP1. Δ9-THC and metabolite interaction differentially altered the FABP1 secondary structure, increasing total α-helix (all), decreasing total β-sheet (Δ9-THC-COOH, Δ9-THC-CO-glucuronide), increasing turns (Δ9-THC-OH, Δ9-THC-COOH, Δ9-THC-CO-glucuronide), and decreasing unordered structure (Δ9-THC, Δ9-THC-OH). Cultured primary hepatocytes from wild-type (WT) mice took up and converted Δ9-THC to the above metabolites. Fabp1 gene ablation (LKO) dramatically increased hepatocyte accumulation of Δ9-THC and even more so its primary metabolites Δ9-THC-OH and Δ9-THC-COOH. Concomitantly, rtPCR and Western blotting indicated that LKO significantly increased Δ9-THC's ability to regulate downstream nuclear receptor transcription of genes important in both EC ( Napepld > Daglb > Dagla, Naaa, Cnr1) and lipid ( Cpt1A > Fasn, FATP4) metabolism. Taken together, the data indicated that FABP1 may play important roles in Δ9-THC uptake and elimination as well as Δ9-THC induction of genes regulating hepatic EC levels and downstream targets in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843-4466 , United States
| | - Avery L McIntosh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843-4466 , United States
| | - Gregory G Martin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843-4466 , United States
| | - Lawrence J Dangott
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843-2128 , United States
| | - Ann B Kier
- Department of Pathobiology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843-4467 , United States
| | - Friedhelm Schroeder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843-4466 , United States
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32
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Liland NS, Pittman K, Whatmore P, Torstensen BE, Sissener NH. Fucosterol Causes Small Changes in Lipid Storage and Brassicasterol Affects some Markers of Lipid Metabolism in Atlantic Salmon Hepatocytes. Lipids 2018; 53:737-747. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina S. Liland
- Research group Requirement and Welfare, Institute of Marine Research, Nordnes gaten 50; 5005 Bergen Norway
| | - Karin Pittman
- Department of Biology; University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53B; 5020 Bergen Norway
| | - Paul Whatmore
- Research group Requirement and Welfare, Institute of Marine Research, Nordnes gaten 50; 5005 Bergen Norway
| | - Bente E. Torstensen
- Research group Requirement and Welfare, Institute of Marine Research, Nordnes gaten 50; 5005 Bergen Norway
| | - Nini H. Sissener
- Research group Requirement and Welfare, Institute of Marine Research, Nordnes gaten 50; 5005 Bergen Norway
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Maldonado EM, Fisher CP, Mazzatti DJ, Barber AL, Tindall MJ, Plant NJ, Kierzek AM, Moore JB. Multi-scale, whole-system models of liver metabolic adaptation to fat and sugar in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2018; 4:33. [PMID: 30131870 PMCID: PMC6102210 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-018-0070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious public health issue associated with high fat, high sugar diets. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating NAFLD pathogenesis are only partially understood. Here we adopt an iterative multi-scale, systems biology approach coupled to in vitro experimentation to investigate the roles of sugar and fat metabolism in NAFLD pathogenesis. The use of fructose as a sweetening agent is controversial; to explore this, we developed a predictive model of human monosaccharide transport, signalling and metabolism. The resulting quantitative model comprising a kinetic model describing monosaccharide transport and insulin signalling integrated with a hepatocyte-specific genome-scale metabolic network (GSMN). Differential kinetics for the utilisation of glucose and fructose were predicted, but the resultant triacylglycerol production was predicted to be similar for monosaccharides; these predictions were verified by in vitro data. The role of physiological adaptation to lipid overload was explored through the comprehensive reconstruction of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) regulome integrated with a hepatocyte-specific GSMN. The resulting qualitative model reproduced metabolic responses to increased fatty acid levels and mimicked lipid loading in vitro. The model predicted that activation of PPARα by lipids produces a biphasic response, which initially exacerbates steatosis. Our data support the evidence that it is the quantity of sugar rather than the type that is critical in driving the steatotic response. Furthermore, we predict PPARα-mediated adaptations to hepatic lipid overload, shedding light on potential challenges for the use of PPARα agonists to treat NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaina M. Maldonado
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH UK
| | - Ciarán P. Fisher
- Certara UK Limited, Simcyp Division, Level 2-Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield, S1 2BJ UK
| | | | - Amy L. Barber
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH UK
| | - Marcus J. Tindall
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AX UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6UR UK
| | - Nicholas J. Plant
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH UK
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Andrzej M. Kierzek
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH UK
- Certara UK Limited, Simcyp Division, Level 2-Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield, S1 2BJ UK
| | - J. Bernadette Moore
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH UK
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS2 9JT UK
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Thomas SS, Kim M, Lee SJ, Cha YS. Antiobesity Effects of Purple Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. acuta) on Adipocyte Differentiation and Mice Fed a High-fat Diet. J Food Sci 2018; 83:2384-2393. [PMID: 30070698 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purple perilla (PE) is a medicinal plant that has several health benefits. In this study, the antiobesity effect of PE was studied in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and C57BL/6J mice fed high-fat diets. Triglyceride quantification and Oil Red O staining in matured adipocytes revealed that PE reduced lipid accumulation in differentiated adipocytes by downregulating adipogenic gene and upregulating lipolytic gene expressions. Mice were fed normal diet, high-fat diet and high-fat diet supplemented with different concentrations of PE. Treatment with PE significantly prevented body weight gain, improved serum lipids, hepatic lipids and reduced the epididymal fat. Furthermore, in the adipose tissue and liver, expression of genes related to lipolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation were upregulated in PE- treated mice. Thus, our results suggested that PE has antiobesity effects in rodents and can be effective in obesity management. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Purple perilla, rich in polyphenols such as rosmarinic acid, showed lipid lowering in adipocyte cells and prevented body weight gain in mice. Therefore we conclude that purple perilla may be a potential candidate for the development of functional foods or nutraceuticals in managing obesity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalom Sara Thomas
- Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National Univ., Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kim
- Div. of Functional Food and Nutrition, Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Inst. of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Je Lee
- Research and Development Office, Jeonbuk Inst. for Food-Bioindustry, Jeonju, 54810, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Soo Cha
- Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk Natl. Univ., Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
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Pan Y, Morris ER, Scanlon MJ, Marriott PJ, Porter CJH, Nicolazzo JA. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid supplementation enhances expression of fatty acid-binding protein 5 at the blood-brain barrier and brain docosahexaenoic acid levels. J Neurochem 2018; 146:186-197. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Pan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Elonie R. Morris
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Martin J. Scanlon
- Medicinal Chemistry; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Philip J. Marriott
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science; School of Chemistry; Monash University; Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Christopher J. H. Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville Victoria Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Joseph A. Nicolazzo
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics; Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville Victoria Australia
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Chan JKW, Bittner S, Bittner A, Atwal S, Shen WJ, Inayathullah M, Rajada J, Nicolls MR, Kraemer FB, Azhar S. Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid, a Lignan from Larrea tridentata (Creosote Bush), Protects Against American Lifestyle-Induced Obesity Syndrome Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction in Mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 365:281-290. [PMID: 29472517 PMCID: PMC5878670 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.243733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the effects of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) on metabolic and molecular changes in response to feeding a typical American fast food or Western diet, mice were fed an American lifestyle-induced obesity syndrome (ALIOS) diet and subjected to metabolic analysis. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to the ALIOS diet, the ALIOS diet supplemented with NDGA (NDGA+ALIOS), or a control diet and were maintained on the specific diet for 8 weeks. Mice fed the ALIOS diet showed increased body, liver, and epididymal fat pad weight as well as increased plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels (a measure of liver injury) and liver triglyceride content. Coadministration of NDGA normalized body and epididymal fat pad weight, ALT and AST levels, and liver triglycerides. NDGA treatment also improved insulin sensitivity but not glucose intolerance in mice fed the ALIOS diet. In mice fed the NDGA+ALIOS diet, NDGA supplementation induced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα; the master regulator of fatty acid oxidation) and mRNA levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferases Cpt1c and Cpt2, key genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, compared with the ALIOS diet. NDGA significantly reduced liver endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response C/EBP homologous protein, compared with chow or the ALIOS diet, and also ameliorated ALIOS diet-induced elevation of apoptosis signaling protein, caspase 3. Likewise, NDGA downregulated the ALIOS diet-induced mRNA levels of Pparg, fatty acid synthase Fasn, and diacylglycerol acyltransferase Dgat2 NDGA treatment of ALIOS-fed mice upregulated the hepatic expression of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase 4, and peroxiredoxin 3 proteins. In conclusion, we provide evidence that NDGA improves metabolic dysregulation by simultaneously modulating the PPARα transcription factor and key genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, key antioxidant and lipogenic enzymes, and apoptosis and ER stress signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie K W Chan
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.); and Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.), BioADD Laboratory, and Divisions of Cardiovascular Pharmacology CVI (M.I., J.R.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (M.R.N.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Stefanie Bittner
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.); and Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.), BioADD Laboratory, and Divisions of Cardiovascular Pharmacology CVI (M.I., J.R.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (M.R.N.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Alex Bittner
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.); and Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.), BioADD Laboratory, and Divisions of Cardiovascular Pharmacology CVI (M.I., J.R.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (M.R.N.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Suman Atwal
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.); and Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.), BioADD Laboratory, and Divisions of Cardiovascular Pharmacology CVI (M.I., J.R.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (M.R.N.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Wen-Jun Shen
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.); and Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.), BioADD Laboratory, and Divisions of Cardiovascular Pharmacology CVI (M.I., J.R.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (M.R.N.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Mohammed Inayathullah
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.); and Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.), BioADD Laboratory, and Divisions of Cardiovascular Pharmacology CVI (M.I., J.R.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (M.R.N.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Jayakumar Rajada
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.); and Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.), BioADD Laboratory, and Divisions of Cardiovascular Pharmacology CVI (M.I., J.R.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (M.R.N.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Mark R Nicolls
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.); and Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.), BioADD Laboratory, and Divisions of Cardiovascular Pharmacology CVI (M.I., J.R.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (M.R.N.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Fredric B Kraemer
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.); and Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.), BioADD Laboratory, and Divisions of Cardiovascular Pharmacology CVI (M.I., J.R.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (M.R.N.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Salman Azhar
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.); and Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism (J.K.W.C., S.B., A.B., S.At., W.-J.S., F.B.K., S.Az.), BioADD Laboratory, and Divisions of Cardiovascular Pharmacology CVI (M.I., J.R.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (M.R.N.), Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Vallée A, Lecarpentier Y. Crosstalk Between Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma and the Canonical WNT/β-Catenin Pathway in Chronic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress During Carcinogenesis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:745. [PMID: 29706964 PMCID: PMC5908886 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are common and co-substantial pathological processes accompanying, promoting, and even initiating numerous cancers. The canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) generally work in opposition. If one of them is upregulated, the other one is downregulated and vice versa. WNT/β-catenin signaling is upregulated in inflammatory processes and oxidative stress and in many cancers, although there are some exceptions for cancers. The opposite is observed with PPARγ, which is generally downregulated during inflammation and oxidative stress and in many cancers. This helps to explain in part the opposite and unidirectional profile of the canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling and PPARγ in these three frequent and morbid processes that potentiate each other and create a vicious circle. Many intracellular pathways commonly involved downstream will help maintain and amplify inflammation, oxidative stress, and cancer. Thus, many WNT/β-catenin target genes such as c-Myc, cyclin D1, and HIF-1α are involved in the development of cancers. Nuclear factor-kappaB (NFκB) can activate many inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, TGF-β, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, MMP, vascular endothelial growth factor, COX2, Bcl2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. These factors are often associated with cancerous processes and may even promote them. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by cellular alterations, stimulate the production of inflammatory factors such as NFκB, signal transducer and activator transcription, activator protein-1, and HIF-α. NFκB inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and therefore activates the canonical WNT pathway. ROS activates the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling in many cancers. PI3K/Akt also inhibits GSK-3β. Many gene mutations of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway giving rise to cancers have been reported (CTNNB1, AXIN, APC). Conversely, a significant reduction in the expression of PPARγ has been observed in many cancers. Moreover, PPARγ agonists promote cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation, and apoptosis and reduce inflammation, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, invasion, and cell migration. All these complex and opposing interactions between the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ appear to be fairly common in inflammation, oxidative stress, and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien (GHEF), Meaux, France
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Liu R, Ma Y, Hu X, Liao Y, Hu X, He B, Sun W. Pioglitazone/metformin adduct regulates insulin secretion and inhibits high glucose‐induced apoptosis via p21‐p53‐MDM2 signaling in INS‐1 cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5449-5459. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong‐Xing Liu
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of ChongqingChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of ChongqingChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xue‐Lian Hu
- Department of PharmacochemistrySchool of PharmacyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
- Department of PharmacologyXinqiao HospitalChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yun‐Peng Liao
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of ChongqingChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiang‐Nan Hu
- Department of PharmacochemistrySchool of PharmacyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Bai‐Cheng He
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of ChongqingChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wen‐Juan Sun
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of ChongqingChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China
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Ning X, Ku T, Gao R, Ji X, Li G, Sang N. In vitro PPARγ agonistic potential of chitin synthesis inhibitors and their energy metabolism-related hepatotoxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 615:1126-1132. [PMID: 29751418 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs) in integrated pest management programs has a detrimental effect on the surrounding environment. Recent studies reveal that CSIs may affect non-target organisms at sublethal concentrations, highlighting the need for further ecological and health risk investigations of these compounds. In this study, we characterized the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonistic activity of fourteen CSIs in HepG2 cells using an in vitro reporter gene assay. Five of the tested CSIs showed remarkable PPARγ-mediated transactivation, and the relative agonistic potencies were diflubenzuron>chlorfluazuron>flucycloxuron>noviflumuron>flufenoxuron based on REC20 values. In addition, molecular docking indicated that different interactions may stabilize ligand binding to PPARγ. Next, we clarified that sublethal concentration of diflubenzuron caused a shift in cellular energy metabolism from the aerobic tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to anaerobic glycolysis and this process was associated with the activation of PPARγ. These findings suggest that CSIs act as PPARγ agonists and exert diverse hepatotoxic effects by disrupting energy metabolism at sublethal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Ning
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Tingting Ku
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Rui Gao
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
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Fornes D, White V, Higa R, Heinecke F, Capobianco E, Jawerbaum A. Sex-dependent changes in lipid metabolism, PPAR pathways and microRNAs that target PPARs in the fetal liver of rats with gestational diabetes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 461:12-21. [PMID: 28807878 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent disease that impairs fetal metabolism and development. We have previously characterized a rat model of GDM induced by developmental programming. Here, we analyzed lipid content, the levels of the three PPAR isotypes and the expression of microRNAs that regulate PPARs expression in the liver of male and female fetuses of control and GDM rats on day 21 of pregnancy. We found increased levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the livers of male fetuses of GDM rats compared to controls, and, oppositely, reduced levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids and free fatty acids in the livers of female fetuses of GDM rats compared to controls. Although GDM did not change PPARα levels in male and female fetal livers, PPARγ was increased in the liver of male fetuses of GDM rats, a change that occurred in parallel to a reduction in the expression of miR-130, a microRNA that targets PPARγ. In livers of female fetuses of GDM rats, no changes in PPARγ and miR-130 were evidenced, but PPARδ was increased, a change that occurred in parallel to a reduction in the expression of miR-9, a microRNA that targets PPARδ, and was unchanged in the liver of male fetuses of GDM and control rats. These results show clear sex-dependent changes in microRNAs that target different PPAR isotypes in relation to changes in the levels of their targets and the differential regulation of lipid metabolism evidenced in fetal livers of GDM pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Fornes
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica White
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Higa
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Heinecke
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Capobianco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Jawerbaum
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Chen Y, McCommis KS, Ferguson D, Hall AM, Harris CA, Finck BN. Inhibition of the Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier by Tolylfluanid. Endocrinology 2018; 159:609-621. [PMID: 29126303 PMCID: PMC5774852 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several recent studies have suggested that compounds known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can promote obesity by serving as ligands for nuclear receptors, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizers, which act as ligands for PPARγ, also interact with and regulate the activity of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC). We evaluated whether several EDCs might also affect MPC activity. Most of the EDCs evaluated did not acutely affect pyruvate metabolism. However, the putative endocrine disruptors tributyltin (TBT) and tolylfluanid (TF) acutely and markedly suppressed pyruvate metabolism in isolated mitochondria. Using mitochondria isolated from brown adipose tissue in mice with adipocyte-specific deletion of the MPC2 protein, we determined that the effect of TF on pyruvate metabolism required MPC2, whereas TBT did not. We attempted to determine whether the obesogenic effects of TF might involve MPC2 in adipose tissue. However, we were unable to replicate the published effects of TF on weight gain and adipose tissue gene expression in wild-type or fat-specific MPC2 knockout mice. Treatment with TF modestly enhanced adipogenic gene expression in vitro but had no effect on GR activation or phosphorylation in cultured cells. These data suggest that TF may affect mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism via the MPC complex but also call into question whether this compound affects GR activity and is obesogenic in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Chen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kyle S McCommis
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Daniel Ferguson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Angela M Hall
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Charles A Harris
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Brian N Finck
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Elaidy SM, Hussain MA, El-Kherbetawy MK. Time-dependent therapeutic roles of nitazoxanide on high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats: effects on hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma receptors. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:485-497. [PMID: 29244961 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) is an approved strategy in facing insulin resistance (IR) for diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. The PPAR-γ modulators display improvements in the insulin-sensitizing and adverse effects of the traditional thiazolidinediones. Nitazoxanide (NTZ) is proposed as a PPAR-γ receptor ligand with agonistic post-transcriptional effects. Currently, NTZ antidiabetic activities versus pioglitazone (PIO) in a high-fat diet/streptozotocin rat model of type 2 diabetes was explored. Diabetic adult male Wistar rats were treated orally with either PIO (2.7 mg·kg-1·day-1) or NTZ (200 mg·kg-1·day-1) for 14, 21, and 28 days. Body masses, fasting blood glucose, IR, lipid profiles, and liver and kidney functions of rats were assayed. Hepatic glucose metabolism and PPAR-γ protein expression levels as well as hepatic, pancreatic, muscular, and renal histopathology were evaluated. Significant time-dependent euglycemic and insulin-sensitizing effects with preservation of liver and kidney functions were offered by NTZ. Higher hepatic levels of glucose-6-phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzymes and PPAR-γ protein expressions were acquired by NTZ and PIO, respectively. NTZ could be considered an oral therapeutic strategy for DM type 2. Further systematic NTZ/PPAR-γ receptor subtype molecular activations are recommended. Simultaneous use of NTZ with other approved antidiabetics should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah M Elaidy
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mona A Hussain
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Portsaid University, Portsaid, Egypt
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43
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Souza CO, Teixeira AA, Biondo LA, Silveira LS, Calder PC, Rosa Neto JC. Palmitoleic acid reduces the inflammation in LPS-stimulated macrophages by inhibition of NFκB, independently of PPARs. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44:566-575. [PMID: 28135761 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Palmitoleic acid (PM, 16:1n-7) has anti-inflammatory properties that could be linked to higher expression of PPARα, an inhibitor of NFκB. Macrophages play a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation, however, the effects of PM on macrophages are underexplored. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of PM in activated macrophages as well the role of PPARα. Primary macrophages were isolated from C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and PPARα knockout (KO) mice, cultured under standard conditions and exposed to lipopolysaccharides LPS (2.5 μg/ml) and PM 600 μmol/L conjugated with albumin for 24 hours. The stimulation with LPS increased the production of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β while PM decreased the production of IL-6 in WT macrophages. In KO macrophages, LPS increased the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6 and PM decreased the production of TNFα. The expression of inflammatory markers such NFκB and IL1β were increased by LPS and decreased by PM in both WT and KO macrophages. PM reduced the expression of MyD88 and caspase-1 in KO macrophages, and the expression of TLR4 and HIF-1α in both WT and KO macrophages, although LPS had no effect. CD86, an inflammatory macrophage marker, was reduced by PM independently of genotype. PM increased PPARγ and reduced PPARβ gene expression in macrophages of both genotypes, and increased ACOX-1 expression in KO macrophages. In conclusion, PM promotes anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages exposed to LPS through inhibition of inflammasome pathway, which was independent of PPARα, PPARϒ and AMPK, thus the molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory response caused by PM is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila O Souza
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre As Teixeira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana A Biondo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Loreana S Silveira
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, State University of São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Philip C Calder
- Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - José C Rosa Neto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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44
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Platt C, Coward RJ. Peroxisome proliferator activating receptor-γ and the podocyte. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017; 32:423-433. [PMID: 27697843 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfw320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades it has become clear that the glomerular podocyte is a key cell in preventing albuminuria, kidney failure and cardiovascular morbidity. Understanding the key pathways that protect the podocyte in times of glomerular stress, which can also be therapeutically manipulated, are highly attractive. In the following review we assess the evidence that the peroxisome proliferator activating receptor (PPAR) agonists are beneficial for podocyte and kidney function with a focus on PPAR-γ. We explain our current understanding of the mechanisms of action of these agonists and the evidence they are beneficial in diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease. We also outline why these drugs have not been widely used for kidney disease in the past but they may be in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard J Coward
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Pre- and post-prandial expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism at the end of the overfeeding period of mule ducks. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 438:111-121. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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46
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Qiu Y, Sui X, Cao S, Li X, Ning Y, Wang S, Yin L, Zhi X. Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein (StAR) Overexpression Reduces Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Obese Mice. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:3932-3942. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Qiu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xianxian Sui
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Shengxuan Cao
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Yanxia Ning
- Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia
| | - Songmei Wang
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Lianhua Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xiuling Zhi
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
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47
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Fatty Acids of CLA-Enriched Egg Yolks Can Induce Transcriptional Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. PPAR Res 2017; 2017:2865283. [PMID: 28458685 PMCID: PMC5385215 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2865283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we showed that fatty acids from CLA-enriched egg yolks (EFA-CLA) reduced the proliferation of breast cancer cells; however, the molecular mechanisms of their action remain unknown. In the current study, we used MCF-7 breast cancer cell line to determine the effect of EFA-CLA, as potential ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), on identified in silico PPAR-responsive genes: BCAR3, TCF20, WT1, ZNF621, and THRB (transcript TRβ2). Our results showed that EFA-CLA act as PPAR ligands with agonistic activity for all PPAR isoforms, with the highest specificity towards PPARγ. In conclusion, we propose that EFA-CLA-mediated regulation of PPAR-responsive genes is most likely facilitated by cis9,trans11CLA isomer incorporated in egg yolk. Notably, EFA-CLA activated PPAR more efficiently than nonenriched FA as well as synthetic CLA isomers. We also propose that this regulation, at least in part, can be responsible for the observed reduction in the proliferation of MCF-7 cells treated with EFA-CLA.
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48
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Pan Y, Tian T, Park CO, Lofftus SY, Mei S, Liu X, Luo C, O'Malley JT, Gehad A, Teague JE, Divito SJ, Fuhlbrigge R, Puigserver P, Krueger JG, Hotamisligil GS, Clark RA, Kupper TS. Survival of tissue-resident memory T cells requires exogenous lipid uptake and metabolism. Nature 2017; 543:252-256. [PMID: 28219080 DOI: 10.1038/nature21379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 484] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells persist indefinitely in epithelial barrier tissues and protect the host against pathogens. However, the biological pathways that enable the long-term survival of TRM cells are obscure. Here we show that mouse CD8+ TRM cells generated by viral infection of the skin differentially express high levels of several molecules that mediate lipid uptake and intracellular transport, including fatty-acid-binding proteins 4 and 5 (FABP4 and FABP5). We further show that T-cell-specific deficiency of Fabp4 and Fabp5 (Fabp4/Fabp5) impairs exogenous free fatty acid (FFA) uptake by CD8+ TRM cells and greatly reduces their long-term survival in vivo, while having no effect on the survival of central memory T (TCM) cells in lymph nodes. In vitro, CD8+ TRM cells, but not CD8+ TCM cells, demonstrated increased mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in the presence of exogenous FFAs; this increase was not seen in Fabp4/Fabp5 double-knockout CD8+ TRM cells. The persistence of CD8+ TRM cells in the skin was strongly diminished by inhibition of mitochondrial FFA β-oxidation in vivo. Moreover, skin CD8+ TRM cells that lacked Fabp4/Fabp5 were less effective at protecting mice from cutaneous viral infection, and lung Fabp4/Fabp5 double-knockout CD8+ TRM cells generated by skin vaccinia virus (VACV) infection were less effective at protecting mice from a lethal pulmonary challenge with VACV. Consistent with the mouse data, increased FABP4 and FABP5 expression and enhanced extracellular FFA uptake were also demonstrated in human CD8+ TRM cells in normal and psoriatic skin. These results suggest that FABP4 and FABP5 have a critical role in the maintenance, longevity and function of CD8+ TRM cells, and suggest that CD8+ TRM cells use exogenous FFAs and their oxidative metabolism to persist in tissue and to mediate protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youdong Pan
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chang Ook Park
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Serena Y Lofftus
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shenglin Mei
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Center for Functional Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xing Liu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chi Luo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John T O'Malley
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ahmed Gehad
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jessica E Teague
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sherrie J Divito
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Fuhlbrigge
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pere Puigserver
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James G Krueger
- Department of Dermatology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Rachael A Clark
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas S Kupper
- Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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49
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Shannon CE, Daniele G, Galindo C, Abdul-Ghani MA, DeFronzo RA, Norton L. Pioglitazone inhibits mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism and glucose production in hepatocytes. FEBS J 2017; 284:451-465. [PMID: 27987376 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pioglitazone is used globally for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is one of the most effective therapies for improving glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in T2DM patients. However, its mechanism of action in the tissues and pathways that regulate glucose metabolism are incompletely defined. Here we investigated the direct effects of pioglitazone on hepatocellular pyruvate metabolism and the dependency of these observations on the purported regulators of mitochondrial pyruvate transport, MPC1 and MPC2. In cultured H4IIE hepatocytes, pioglitazone inhibited [2-14 C]-pyruvate oxidation and pyruvate-driven oxygen consumption and, in mitochondria isolated from both hepatocytes and human skeletal muscle, pioglitazone selectively and dose-dependently inhibited pyruvate-driven ATP synthesis. Pioglitazone also suppressed hepatocellular glucose production (HGP), without influencing the mRNA expression of key HGP regulatory genes. Targeted siRNA silencing of MPC1 and 2 caused a modest inhibition of pyruvate oxidation and pyruvate-driven ATP synthesis, but did not alter pyruvate-driven HGP and, importantly, it did not influence the actions of pioglitazone on either pathway. In summary, these findings outline a novel mode of action of pioglitazone relevant to the pathogenesis of T2DM and suggest that targeting pyruvate metabolism may lead to the development of effective new T2DM therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppe Daniele
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia Galindo
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Ralph A DeFronzo
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Luke Norton
- Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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50
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Tavernier A, Davail S, Ricaud K, Bernadet MD, Gontier K. Genes involved in the establishment of hepatic steatosis in Muscovy, Pekin and mule ducks. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 424:147-161. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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