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Rahimlou M, Ghobadian B, Ramezani A, Hejazi E, Mazloomzadeh S, Hejazi J. Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) rs9939609 (A/T) polymorphism and food preference in obese people with low-calorie intake and non-obese individuals with high-calorie intake. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:143. [PMID: 38057923 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the connection between FTO rs9939609 (A/T) polymorphism and food preference. The study included 77 participants, 36 of whom were obese and had a low-calorie intake, and 41 non-obese participants with a high-calorie intake. Using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), the researchers calculated sweet and fatty food propensity scores. Genomic DNA was extracted from a peripheral blood sample from all participants, and FTO rs9939609 (A/T) polymorphism was assessed using standard methods. The study found no significant differences between the two groups in terms of sweet food preference (15.64 ± 10.53 in obese groups vs. 14.72 ± 7.95 in the non-obese group, p = 0.711) and fatty food preference (16.81 ± 8.84 vs. 17.27 ± 8.75; p = 0.833). Additionally, the study did not find any significant correlation between FTO rs9939609 (A/T) polymorphism and sweet and fatty food preferences in the fully adjusted models (p > 0.05). Therefore, the results of this study do not support the hypothesis of different food preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 4517713433, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Bijan Ghobadian
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Ramezani
- Biotechnology Departments, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Hejazi
- Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mazloomzadeh
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Hejazi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 4517713433, Zanjan, Iran.
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Role of Uncoupling Protein 2 Gene Polymorphisms on the Risk of Ischemic Stroke in a Sardinian Population. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050721. [PMID: 35629388 PMCID: PMC9147365 DOI: 10.3390/life12050721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) acts as an anion transporter and as an antioxidant factor able to reduce the reactive oxygen species level. Based on its effects, UCP2 prevents the membrane lipids, proteins, and DNA damage while preserving normal cellular functions. Many variants have been identified within the human UCP2. Some of them were associated with a higher risk of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in different populations. UCP2 appears a suitable candidate also for the risk of ischemic stroke. In the current study, we investigated the possible association between few variants of UCP2 (rs659366, rs660339, rs1554995310) and the risk of ischemic stroke in a genetically homogenous cohort of cases and controls selected in Sardinia Island. This population has been previously analysed for other candidate genes. A total of 250 cases of ischemic stroke and 241 controls were enrolled in the study. The allelic/genotypic distribution of the 3 UCP2 variants was characterized and compared among cases and controls. The results of our study confirmed known risk factors for ischemic stroke: age, history of smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and atrial fibrillation. No association was found between the 3 UCP2 variants and the risk of ischemic stroke in our Sardinian cohort.
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Stanzione R, Forte M, Cotugno M, Bianchi F, Marchitti S, Busceti CL, Fornai F, Rubattu S. Uncoupling Protein 2 as a Pathogenic Determinant and Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:662-674. [PMID: 33882809 PMCID: PMC9878956 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210421094204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a mitochondrial protein that acts as an anion carrier. It is involved in the regulation of several processes, including mitochondrial membrane potential, generation of reactive oxygen species within the inner mitochondrial membrane and calcium homeostasis. UCP2 expression can be regulated at different levels: genetic (gene variants), transcriptional [by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and microRNAs], and post-translational. Experimental evidence indicates that activation of UCP2 expression through the AMPK/PPAR-α axis exerts a protective effect toward renal damage and stroke occurrence in an animal model of ischemic stroke (IS) associated with hypertension. UCP2 plays a key role in heart diseases (myocardial infarction and cardiac hypertrophy) and metabolic disorders (obesity and diabetes). In humans, UCP2 genetic variants (-866G/A and Ala55Val) associate with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and IS development. Over the last few years, many agents that modulate UCP2 expression have been identified. Some of them are natural compounds of plant origin, such as Brassica oleracea, curcumin, berberine and resveratrol. Other molecules, currently used in clinical practice, include anti-diabetic (gliptin) and chemotherapeutic (doxorubicin and taxol) drugs. This evidence highlights the relevant role of UCP2 for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, which affect the national health systems of Western countries. We will review current knowledge on the physiological and pathological implications of UCP2 with particular regard to cardiovascular and metabolic disorders and will focus on the available therapeutic approaches affecting UCP2 level for the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Stanzione
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli Isernia, Italy,,Address correspondence to these authors at the IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077 Pozzilli, Is, Italy; Tel: +390865915224/23; Fax: +390865927575; E-mail: and Clinical and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Ospedale S.Andrea, 00189 Rome, Italy; Tel: +390865915224/23; Fax: +390865927575; E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli Isernia, Italy,,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli Isernia, Italy,,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,Address correspondence to these authors at the IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077 Pozzilli, Is, Italy; Tel: +390865915224/23; Fax: +390865927575; E-mail: and Clinical and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Ospedale S.Andrea, 00189 Rome, Italy; Tel: +390865915224/23; Fax: +390865927575; E-mail:
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Lajoie AC, Potus F. Sirtuin 3 and Uncouplin Protein 2, the Missing Link Between Genetics, Metabolism, and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e023065. [PMID: 34724803 PMCID: PMC9075372 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.023065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annie C Lajoie
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ) Québec Quebec Canada
| | - François Potus
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ) Québec Quebec Canada
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Zhang Y, Zervopoulos SD, Boukouris AE, Lorenzana-Carrillo MA, Saleme B, Webster L, Liu Y, Haromy A, Tabatabaei Dakhili SA, Ussher JR, Sutendra G, Michelakis ED. SNPs for Genes Encoding the Mitochondrial Proteins Sirtuin3 and Uncoupling Protein 2 Are Associated With Disease Severity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Outcomes in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and This Is Recapitulated in a New Mouse Model Lacking Both Genes. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020451. [PMID: 34719264 PMCID: PMC9075406 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Isolated loss‐of‐function single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for SIRT3 (a mitochondrial deacetylase) and UCP2 (an atypical uncoupling protein enabling mitochondrial calcium entry) have been associated with both pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and insulin resistance, but their collective role in animal models and patients is unknown. Methods and Results In a prospective cohort of patients with PAH (n=60), we measured SNPs for both SIRT3 and UCP2, along with several clinical features (including invasive hemodynamic data) and outcomes. We found SIRT3 and UCP2 SNPs often both in the same patient in a homozygous or heterozygous manner, correlating positively with PAH severity and associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes and 10‐year outcomes (death and transplantation). To explore this mechanistically, we generated double knockout mice for Sirt3 and Ucp2 and found increasing severity of PAH (mean pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy/dilatation and extensive vascular remodeling, including inflammatory plexogenic lesions, in a gene dose‐dependent manner), along with insulin resistance, compared with wild‐type mice. The suppressed mitochondrial function (decreased respiration, increased mitochondrial membrane potential) in the double knockout pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells was associated with apoptosis resistance and increased proliferation, compared with wild‐type mice. Conclusions Our work supports the metabolic theory of PAH and shows that these mice exhibit spontaneous severe PAH (without environmental or chemical triggers) that mimics human PAH and may explain the findings in our patient cohort. Our study offers a new mouse model of PAH, with several features of human disease that are typically absent in other PAH mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongneng Zhang
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Sotirios D Zervopoulos
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Aristeidis E Boukouris
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | | | - Bruno Saleme
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Linda Webster
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Alois Haromy
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | | | - John R Ussher
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Gopinath Sutendra
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Evangelos D Michelakis
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
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Ethnicity Differences in the Association of UCP1-3826A/G, UCP2-866G/A and Ala55Val, and UCP3-55C/T Polymorphisms with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Susceptibility: An Updated Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3482879. [PMID: 34712730 PMCID: PMC8548105 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3482879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background The relationship between uncoupling protein (UCP) 1-3 polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been extensively studied, while conclusions remain contradictory. Thus, we performed this meta-analysis to elucidate whether the UCP1-3826A/G, UCP2-866G/A, Ala55Val, and UCP3-55C/T polymorphisms are associated with T2DM. Methods Eligible studies were searched from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science database before 12 July 2020. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the strength of the association. Heterogeneity analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were also performed. Results A total of 38 case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. The overall results revealed significant association between T2DM and the UCP2 Ala55Val polymorphism (recessive model: OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.12-1.40, P < 0.01; homozygous model: OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.03-1.72, P = 0.029, respectively). In subgroup analysis stratified by ethnicity, T2DM risk was increased with the UCP2 Ala55Val polymorphism (allele model: OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.02-1.34, P = 0.023; recessive model: OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.13-1.45, P < 0.01; homozygous model: OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.05-1.86, P = 0.023, respectively), while decreased with the UCP2-866G/A polymorphism in Asians (dominant model: OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.74-1.00, P = 0.045). Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the UCP2-866G/A polymorphism is protective against T2DM, while the UCP2 Ala55Val polymorphism is susceptible to T2DM in Asians.
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Candrawati S, Huriyati E, Sofro ZM, Rujito L, Faza AN, Rohmawati ON, Aqiilah AR. High-intensity Interval Training Improves Inflammatory Mediators in Obese Women: Based on the Study of the UCP2 Ala55Val Gene. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Increased inflammatory mediators in obesity are associated with metabolic syndrome. Exercise is an effective effort to reduce the incidence of obesity. The High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) program is an exercise which include combination of high-intensity exercise and rest periods. The decrease in body fat levels due to physical training will further affect inflammatory mediators such as IL6 and TNFα. Besides training factor, genetic also play a role on obesity. One of the genes that influence obesity is the UCP2 Ala55Val gene.
Objectives: This research aims to see the effect of HIIT on the levels of inflammatory mediators in obese patients based on the study of the Ala55Val UCP2 gene.
Methods: This study was a Quasi-Experimental Pre and Post Design Without Control Group. Thirty obese women (BMI≥25 kg/m2) were given High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) as an intervention by comparing the data before and after the intervention. The training intervention was conducted for 12 weeks, consisting of two weeks of adaptation and ten weeks of HIIT intervention. The body weight, BMI and inflammatory mediators (TNFα and IL 6) before and after the intervention were analyzed using the Dependent T-Test and Wilcoxon Test as a nonparametric test. Independent T-Test and Mann Whitney test used to determine the effect of the UCP2 Ala55Val gene on changes in body weight, BMI and the inflammatory mediator. The test results were considered significantly different if p<0.05.
Results: Bivariate analysis using Dependent T-Test showed that HIIT significantly improved Body Weight, BMI and IL6 with p=0.0001. Wilcoxon Test showed that HIIT significantly improved TNFα with p=0.0001. Independent T-Test showed no difference in body weight (p=0.719), BMI (p=0.663) and TNFα (p=0.264) improvement in the two genotypes of the UCP2 Ala55Val gene. Mann Whitney Test showed no difference in IL6 (p=0.288) improvement in the two genotypes of the UCP2 Ala55Val gene.
Conclusion: The research concluded that the 12-week HIIT interventions improved inflammatory mediators by reducing IL6 and TNFα in obese women. There was no effect of genetic variation on the response to training intervention.
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Xu L, Chen S, Zhan L. Association of uncoupling protein-2 -866G/A and Ala55Val polymorphisms with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of case-control studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24464. [PMID: 33578539 PMCID: PMC7886456 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the relationships between uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) -866G/A (rs659366) and Ala55Val (rs660339) polymorphisms and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been explored considerably, but the results are greatly inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to further identify the association of UCP2 rs659366 and rs660339 with the risk of T2DM. METHODS Eligible studies were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, VIP database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese WanFang database until March 8, 2020. The odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and P-values were used to assess the strength of the association. RESULTS A total of 26 studies were included in this study. UCP2 rs659366 was associated with the risk of T2DM in allele model (OR: 1.112, 95%CI: 1.009-1.224, P = 0.032), dominant model (OR: 1.189, 95%CI: 1.035-1.366, P = 0.014), and heterozygous model (OR: 1.177, 95%CI: 1.032-1.342, P = .015). A significantly increased risk of T2DM was detected in Asians by UCP2 rs659366 allele (OR: 1.132, 95%CI: 1.016-1.262, P = .025), dominant (OR: 1.218, 95%CI: 1.046-1.418, P = .011), homozygous (OR: 1.254, 95%CI: 1.022-1.540, P = .031) or heterozygous (OR: 1.198, 95%CI: 1.047-1.371, P = .009) models. There was no significant correlation between UCP2 rs660339 and the risk of T2DM (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS The UCP2 rs65366 is significantly associated with the risk of T2DM, especially in Asian population, while no evidence is found between the UCP2 rs660339 and the susceptibility to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Xishanqiao Community Health Service Center of Yuhuatai
| | - Shuyan Chen
- Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Libin Zhan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
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Schumann T, König J, Henke C, Willmes DM, Bornstein SR, Jordan J, Fromm MF, Birkenfeld AL. Solute Carrier Transporters as Potential Targets for the Treatment of Metabolic Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:343-379. [PMID: 31882442 DOI: 10.1124/pr.118.015735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The solute carrier (SLC) superfamily comprises more than 400 transport proteins mediating the influx and efflux of substances such as ions, nucleotides, and sugars across biological membranes. Over 80 SLC transporters have been linked to human diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This observation highlights the importance of SLCs for human (patho)physiology. Yet, only a small number of SLC proteins are validated drug targets. The most recent drug class approved for the treatment of T2D targets sodium-glucose cotransporter 2, product of the SLC5A2 gene. There is great interest in identifying other SLC transporters as potential targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Finding better treatments will prove essential in future years, given the enormous personal and socioeconomic burden posed by more than 500 million patients with T2D by 2040 worldwide. In this review, we summarize the evidence for SLC transporters as target structures in metabolic disease. To this end, we identified SLC13A5/sodium-coupled citrate transporter, and recent proof-of-concept studies confirm its therapeutic potential in T2D and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Further SLC transporters were linked in multiple genome-wide association studies to T2D or related metabolic disorders. In addition to presenting better-characterized potential therapeutic targets, we discuss the likely unnoticed link between other SLC transporters and metabolic disease. Recognition of their potential may promote research on these proteins for future medical management of human metabolic diseases such as obesity, fatty liver disease, and T2D. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Given the fact that the prevalence of human metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes has dramatically risen, pharmacological intervention will be a key future approach to managing their burden and reducing mortality. In this review, we present the evidence for solute carrier (SLC) genes associated with human metabolic diseases and discuss the potential of SLC transporters as therapeutic target structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Schumann
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Jörg König
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Christine Henke
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Diana M Willmes
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Jens Jordan
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Martin F Fromm
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- Section of Metabolic and Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Dresden University School of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., S.R.B.), and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine (T.S., C.H., D.M.W.), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Neuherberg, Germany (T.S., C.H., D.M.W., A.L.B.); Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (J.K., M.F.F.); Institute for Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair for Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (J.J.); Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (S.R.B., A.L.B.); Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (A.L.B.)
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10
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Gumà A, Díaz-Sáez F, Camps M, Zorzano A. Neuregulin, an Effector on Mitochondria Metabolism That Preserves Insulin Sensitivity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:696. [PMID: 32655416 PMCID: PMC7324780 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Various external factors modulate the metabolic efficiency of mitochondria. This review focuses on the impact of the growth factor neuregulin and its ErbB receptors on mitochondria and their relationship with several physiopathological alterations. Neuregulin is involved in the differentiation of heart, skeletal muscle, and the neuronal system, among others; and its deficiency is deleterious for the health. Information gathered over the last two decades suggests that neuregulin plays a key role in regulating the mitochondrial oxidative machinery, which sustains cell survival and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gumà
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Díaz-Sáez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Camps
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Dieter C, Assmann TS, Lemos NE, Massignam ET, de Souza BM, Bauer AC, Crispim D. -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms in the UCP2 gene and diabetic kidney disease: case-control study and meta-analysis. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20180374. [PMID: 31479096 PMCID: PMC7198021 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) decreases reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS overproduction is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Thus, UCP2 polymorphisms are candidate risk factors for DKD; however, their associations with this complication are still inconclusive. Here, we describe a case-control study and a meta-analysis conducted to investigate the association between UCP2 -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms and DKD. The case-control study comprised 385 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM): 223 patients without DKD and 162 with DKD. UCP2 -866G/A (rs659366) and Ins/Del polymorphisms were genotyped by real-time PCR and conventional PCR, respectively. For the meta-analysis, a literature search was conducted to identify all studies that investigated associations between UCP2 polymorphisms and DKD in patients with T1DM or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pooled odds ratios were calculated for different inheritance models. Allele and genotype frequencies of -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms did not differ between T1DM case and control groups. Haplotype frequencies were also similar between groups. Four studies plus the present one were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. In agreement with case-control data, the meta-analysis results showed that the -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms were not associated with DKD. In conclusion, our case-control and meta-analysis studies did not indicate an association between the analyzed UCP2 polymorphisms and DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristine Dieter
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Endocrine Division, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de
Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Taís Silveira Assmann
- Universidad de Navarra, Department of Nutrition, Food Science
and Physiology, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Natália Emerim Lemos
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Endocrine Division, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de
Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Marmontel de Souza
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Endocrine Division, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de
Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andrea Carla Bauer
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Endocrine Division, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de
Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Nephrology Division, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Endocrine Division, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de
Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
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12
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Gomathi P, Samarth AP, Raj NBAJ, Sasikumar S, Murugan PS, Nallaperumal S, Selvam GS. The -866G/A polymorphism in the promoter of the UCP2 gene is associated with risk for type 2 diabetes and with decreased insulin levels. Gene 2019; 701:125-130. [PMID: 30910560 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Oxidative stress and impaired insulin secretion is an underlying major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) is involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species production, insulin secretion, and lipid metabolism. Based on this we aimed to find an association of UCP2 (G-866A) polymorphism with the risk of T2D in South Indian population. METHODS A total of 318 T2D patients and 312 controls were enrolled in this study. All the study subjects were genotyped for UCP2 (G-866A) polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, serum lipid profile, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured by standard biochemical methods. Fasting serum insulin level was measured by ELISA. RESULTS In UCP2 (G-866A) polymorphism, the distribution of GA (46%) and AA (14%) genotypes were significantly higher in T2D patients than the healthy controls. The frequency of GA and AA genotypes have high risk towards the development of T2D with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.55 (P = 0.01) and 2.04 (P = 0.01) respectively. Moreover, SNP-866 G>A allele was found to be significantly associated with T2D (OR = 1.48, P = 0.001, 95% CI = 1.16-1.88). Further, the UCP2 AA genotype showed significantly decreased level of insulin by the reduction in pancreatic β-cell function in T2D patients. CONCLUSION UCP2 (G-866A) polymorphism may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of insulin secretion thus leads to the development of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panneerselvam Gomathi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Apurwa P Samarth
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | | | - Sundaresan Sasikumar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Ponniah Senthil Murugan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | | | - Govindan Sadasivam Selvam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India.
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13
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Zhou TC, Yang L, Liu YY, Qin Y, Li YP, Zhang L, Yang K, Yang Y. Polymorphisms in the Uncoupling Protein 2 Gene Are Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy in Han Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 22:637-643. [PMID: 30359091 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) gene plays an important role in the complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the association between variants in the UCP2 gene and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Han Chinese T2D patients remains unclear. METHODS Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) [rs659366 (-866G/A) and a 45-bp insertion/deletion (I/D) in the 3'-UTR] in the UCP2 gene were genotyped in a study cohort of 209 T2D patients with DR and 199 T2D patients without DR by direct DNA sequencing. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis showed that the AA and GA genotypes of rs659366 were significantly associated with an increased risk for nonproliferative DR (NPDR) in the codominant model (corrected p-value <0.01) and the dominant model (corrected p-value = 0.006). Patients harboring the II and DI genotypes had a higher risk for PDR in the codominant model (corrected p-value = 0.011) and the dominant model (corrected p-value = 0.006), and the DI genotype showed a higher risk for NPDR in the dominant model (corrected p-value = 0.007) or codominant model (corrected p-value = 0.006). Further, haplotype analyses verified that the A-I haplotype is a risk haplotype for NPDR and PDR. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the UCP2 gene may be involved in the pathogenesis of NPDR and PDR in Han Chinese patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Cheng Zhou
- 1 Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming, China
| | - Lei Yang
- 2 Nuclear Medicine Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming, China
| | - Yong-Ying Liu
- 3 First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Shihezi University , Shihezi, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- 1 Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- 1 Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- 1 Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming, China
| | - Ke Yang
- 4 Cardiology Laboratory of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yang
- 1 Central Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming, China
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14
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Lu HY, Zeng H, Zhang L, Porres JM, Cheng WH. Fecal fermentation products of common bean-derived fiber inhibit C/EBPα and PPARγ expression and lipid accumulation but stimulate PPARδ and UCP2 expression in the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 60:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Ježek P, Holendová B, Garlid KD, Jabůrek M. Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins: Subtle Regulators of Cellular Redox Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:667-714. [PMID: 29351723 PMCID: PMC6071544 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Mitochondria are the energetic, metabolic, redox, and information signaling centers of the cell. Substrate pressure, mitochondrial network dynamics, and cristae morphology state are integrated by the protonmotive force Δp or its potential component, ΔΨ, which are attenuated by proton backflux into the matrix, termed uncoupling. The mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCP1-5) play an eminent role in the regulation of each of the mentioned aspects, being involved in numerous physiological events including redox signaling. Recent Advances: UCP2 structure, including purine nucleotide and fatty acid (FA) binding sites, strongly support the FA cycling mechanism: UCP2 expels FA anions, whereas uncoupling is achieved by the membrane backflux of protonated FA. Nascent FAs, cleaved by phospholipases, are preferential. The resulting Δp dissipation decreases superoxide formation dependent on Δp. UCP-mediated antioxidant protection and its impairment are expected to play a major role in cell physiology and pathology. Moreover, UCP2-mediated aspartate, oxaloacetate, and malate antiport with phosphate is expected to alter metabolism of cancer cells. CRITICAL ISSUES A wide range of UCP antioxidant effects and participations in redox signaling have been reported; however, mechanisms of UCP activation are still debated. Switching off/on the UCP2 protonophoretic function might serve as redox signaling either by employing/releasing the extra capacity of cell antioxidant systems or by directly increasing/decreasing mitochondrial superoxide sources. Rapid UCP2 degradation, FA levels, elevation of purine nucleotides, decreased Mg2+, or increased pyruvate accumulation may initiate UCP-mediated redox signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Issues such as UCP2 participation in glucose sensing, neuronal (synaptic) function, and immune cell activation should be elucidated. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 667-714.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Keith D Garlid
- 2 UCLA Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, California
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
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16
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Michelakis ED, Gurtu V, Webster L, Barnes G, Watson G, Howard L, Cupitt J, Paterson I, Thompson RB, Chow K, O'Regan DP, Zhao L, Wharton J, Kiely DG, Kinnaird A, Boukouris AE, White C, Nagendran J, Freed DH, Wort SJ, Gibbs JSR, Wilkins MR. Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase improves pulmonary arterial hypertension in genetically susceptible patients. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/413/eaao4583. [PMID: 29070699 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aao4583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive vascular disease with a high mortality rate. It is characterized by an occlusive vascular remodeling due to a pro-proliferative and antiapoptotic environment in the wall of resistance pulmonary arteries (PAs). Proliferating cells exhibit a cancer-like metabolic switch where mitochondrial glucose oxidation is suppressed, whereas glycolysis is up-regulated as the major source of adenosine triphosphate production. This multifactorial mitochondrial suppression leads to inhibition of apoptosis and downstream signaling promoting proliferation. We report an increase in pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), an inhibitor of the mitochondrial enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH, the gatekeeping enzyme of glucose oxidation) in the PAs of human PAH compared to healthy lungs. Treatment of explanted human PAH lungs with the PDK inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA) ex vivo activated PDH and increased mitochondrial respiration. In a 4-month, open-label study, DCA (3 to 6.25 mg/kg b.i.d.) administered to patients with idiopathic PAH (iPAH) already on approved iPAH therapies led to reduction in mean PA pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance and improvement in functional capacity, but with a range of individual responses. Lack of ex vivo and clinical response was associated with the presence of functional variants of SIRT3 and UCP2 that predict reduced protein function. Impaired function of these proteins causes PDK-independent mitochondrial suppression and pulmonary hypertension in mice. This first-in-human trial of a mitochondria-targeting drug in iPAH demonstrates that PDK is a druggable target and offers hemodynamic improvement in genetically susceptible patients, paving the way for novel precision medicine approaches in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vikram Gurtu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2B7, Canada
| | - Linda Webster
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2B7, Canada
| | - Gareth Barnes
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Geoffrey Watson
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Luke Howard
- National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - John Cupitt
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ian Paterson
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2B7, Canada
| | - Richard B Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2B7, Canada
| | - Kelvin Chow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2B7, Canada
| | - Declan P O'Regan
- Medical Research Council, London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Lan Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - John Wharton
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - David G Kiely
- Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Adam Kinnaird
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2B7, Canada
| | | | - Chris White
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2B7, Canada
| | - Jayan Nagendran
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2B7, Canada
| | - Darren H Freed
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2B7, Canada
| | - Stephen J Wort
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - J Simon R Gibbs
- National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Martin R Wilkins
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
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Su M, Chen X, Chen Y, Wang C, Li S, Ying X, Xiao T, Wang N, Jiang Q, Fu C. UCP2 and UCP3 variants and gene-environment interaction associated with prediabetes and T2DM in a rural population: a case control study in China. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018. [PMID: 29529994 PMCID: PMC5848510 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background There are disparities for the association between uncoupling proteins (UCP) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The study was to examine the associations of genetic variants of UCP2 and UCP3 with prediabetes and T2DM in a rural Chinese population. Methods A population-based case-control study of 397 adults with T2DM, 394 with prediabetes and 409 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) was carried out in 2014 in a rural community in eastern China. Three groups were identified through a community survey and the prediabetes and NGT groups were frequently matched by age and gender with the T2DM group and they were not relatives of T2DM subjects. With r2 ≥ 0.8 and minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥0.05 for tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with potential function, three (rs660339, rs45560234 and rs643064) and six (rs7930460, rs15763, rs647126, rs1800849, rs3781907 and rs1685356) SNPs were selected respectively for UCP2 and UCP3 and genotyped in real time using the MassARRAY system (Sequenom; USA). The haplotypes, gene-environmental interaction and association between genetic variants of UCP2 and UCP3 and prediabetes or T2DM were explored. Results There were no significant differences in age and sex among three study groups. After the adjustment for possible covariates, the A allele of rs1800849 in UCP3 was significantly associated with prediabetes (aORAA vs GG = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.02–2.78), and the association was also significant under the recessive model (aOR AA vs GA + GG = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.02–2.66). Also, rs15763 was found to be marginally significantly associated with T2DM under dominant model (ORGA + AA vs GG = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.52–1.03, P = 0.072). No haplotype was significantly associated with prediabetes or T2DM. Multiplicative interactions for rs660339-overweight on T2DM were observed. In addition, the AA genotype of rs660339 was associated with an increased risk of T2DM in overweight subjects (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 0.87–2.52) but with a decreased risk in those with normal weight (OR = 0.54, 95%CI: 0.28–1.05). Conclusions Rs1800849 in UCP3 was significantly associated with prediabetes. Overweight might modify the effects of rs660339 of UCP2 on T2DM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0554-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Su
- Yuhuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuhuan, Zhejiang Province, 317600, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Congyun Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Songtao Li
- Yuhuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuhuan, Zhejiang Province, 317600, China
| | - Xuhua Ying
- Yuhuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuhuan, Zhejiang Province, 317600, China
| | - Tian Xiao
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chaowei Fu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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18
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Sreedhar A, Zhao Y. Uncoupling protein 2 and metabolic diseases. Mitochondrion 2017; 34:135-140. [PMID: 28351676 PMCID: PMC5477468 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are fascinating organelles involved in various cellular-metabolic activities that are integral for mammalian development. Although they perform diverse, yet interconnected functions, mitochondria are remarkably regulated by complex signaling networks. Therefore, it is not surprising that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in plethora of diseases, including neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. One of the many factors that lead to mitochondrial-associated metabolic diseases is the uncoupling protein-2, a family of mitochondrial anion proteins present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Since their discovery, uncoupling proteins have attracted considerable attention due to their involvement in mitochondrial-mediated oxidative stress and energy metabolism. This review attempts to provide a summary of recent developments in the field of uncoupling protein 2 relating to mitochondrial associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapoorna Sreedhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
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Dato S, De Rango F, Crocco P, Passarino G, Rose G. Pleiotropic effects of UCP2–UCP3 variability on leucocyte telomere length and glucose homeostasis. Biogerontology 2017; 18:347-355. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-017-9690-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Mohseni F, Farajnia S, Farhangi MA, Khoshbaten M, Jafarabadi MA. Association of UCP2 -866G>A Polymorphism With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients From North-West of Iran. Lab Med 2016; 48:65-72. [PMID: 27794526 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmw052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) -866G > A gene polymorphism (rs659366) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS We performed a case-control study with a cohort of 75 patients with NAFLD (of Iranian ethnicity) and 76 healthy individuals of Iranian ethnicity. The UCP2 -866G > A polymorphism (rs659366) was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS Patients with AA and AG genotypes were 71% and 68%, respectively, more likely to have NAFLD, compared with individuals with the GG genotype (reference group). In subjects with a GG genotype, serum triglyceride (TG) concentration was significantly higher in patients with NAFLD (P = .04). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations in all 3 genotypes and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations in AG and GG genotypes of UCP2 gene polymorphism were significantly higher in patients (P <.05). CONCLUSION Our results revealed a modest modifier effect of -866G>A UCP2 polymorphism in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohseni
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition
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21
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Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Mohseni F, Farajnia S, Jafarabadi MA. Major components of metabolic syndrome and nutritional intakes in different genotype of UCP2 -866G/A gene polymorphisms in patients with NAFLD. J Transl Med 2016; 14:177. [PMID: 27301474 PMCID: PMC4908770 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0936-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It has been suggested that dietary modifications in combination with genetic predisposition play an important role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. In the current study we aimed to investigate the major components of metabolic syndrome in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nutritional intakes according to different genotype of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) −866G/A gene polymorphism in these patients. Methods In this study 151 participants including 75 patients with NAFLD and 76 healthy individuals were enrolled. Dietary intakes were assessed using a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Physical activity was obtained by metabolic equivalent questionnaire. Anthropometric assessments were conducted by a trained researcher and body mass index and waist to hip ratio were calculated. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and biochemical assays including fasting serum glucose, liver enzymes and lipid profiles were measured. Polymorphisms of −866G/A UCP2 gene was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results Serum triglyceride concentrations in 53.3 % of NAFLD patients compared with 35.5 % of control group was more than 150 mg/dl (P = 0.034). A significantly higher prevalence of low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations was also observed in female NAFLD patients (P < 0.001). Dietary intakes in NAFLD group were not significantly different compared with control group (P > 0.05). However, according to genotypes patients with AG genotype had significantly higher protein consumption compared with control group (P < 0.05). Significantly higher consumption of dietary iron and copper in NAFLD patients with AG genotype was only observed among patients with NAFLD. However, the comparison of macro and micronutrient intakes in control group sound for stronger differences for AA genotype although these differences did not achieve significant threshold. Conclusions A high prevalence of metabolic abnormalities was reported among NAFLD patients. Additionally, among NAFLD group, patients with AG genotype significantly consumed more protein, iron and copper in their usual diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Mohseni
- Drug Applied Research Center (DARC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Safar Farajnia
- Drug Applied Research Center (DARC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Yang L, Dong Z, Zhou J, Ma Y, Pu W, Zhao D, He H, Ji H, Yang Y, Wang X, Xu X, Pang Y, Zou H, Jin L, Yang C, Wang J. Common UCP2 variants contribute to serum urate concentrations and the risk of hyperuricemia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27279. [PMID: 27273589 PMCID: PMC4897637 DOI: 10.1038/srep27279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated serum urate, which is regulated at multiple levels including genetic variants, is a risk factor for gout and other metabolic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between UCP2 variants and serum urate as well as hyperuricemia in a Chinese population. In total, 4332 individuals were genotyped for two common UCP2 variants, -866G/A and Ala55Val. These loci were not associated either serum urate level or with a risk of hyperuricemia in the total group of subjects. However, in females, -866G/A and Ala55Val were associated with a lower serum urate (P = 0.006 and 0.014, seperately) and played a protective role against hyperuricemia (OR = 0.80, P = 0.018; OR = 0.79, P = 0.016). These associations were not observed in the males. After further stratification, the two loci were associated with serum urate in overweight, but not underweight females. The haplotype A-T (-866G/A-Ala55Val) was a protective factor for hyperuricemia in the female subgroup (OR = 0.80, P = 0.017). This present study identified a novel gene, UCP2, that influences the serum urate concentration and the risk of hyperuricemia, and the degree of association varies with gender and BMI levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weilin Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongbao Zhao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjun He
- Division of Rheumatology, Taixing People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hengdong Ji
- Division of Rheumatology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafei Pang
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hejian Zou
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chengde Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan-Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Huriyati E, Luglio HF, Ratrikaningtyas PD, Tsani AFA, Sadewa AH, Juffrie M. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and dietary fat intake in obese and normal weight adolescents: the role of uncoupling protein 2 -866G/A gene polymorphism. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS 2016; 7:67-73. [PMID: 27186330 PMCID: PMC4858618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity in adolescents has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Several factors have been proposed to be associated with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents including dietary habit, physical activity and genetic. This study was aimed to evaluate the interaction between genetic variation and dietary intake on cardiovascular metabolic risk factors in obese and normal weight adolescents. The UCP2 gene was chosen because it was previously correlated with dietary intake and cardiovascular risk factors. This study is a case control study done in 10 senior high school in Yogyakarta. Subjects were obese and normal weight adolescents taken from an obesity screening with age ranged between 16 and 18 years old. Dyslipidemia was observed by measuring total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL dan HDL level while insulin resistance was determined by calculating fasting glucose and insulin level. Lipid profile, glucose and insulin level were measured after 8 hours of fasting. UCP2 -866G/A gene polymorphism were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The results show that obese adolescents had significantly higher blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride, insulin level and lower HDL level than their normal weight counterparts (all p<0.001). In obese adolescents, UCP2 -866G/A was associated with blood pressure (p=0.025), total cholesterol level (p=0.025), LDL (p=0.024) level and HOMA IR (p<0.001) but not with dietary fat intake (p=0.386). Additionally, subjects with UCP2 -866G/A gene polymorphism and high dietary fat intake had lower risk on obesity compared to those without UCP2 -866G/A gene polymorphism and low dietary fat intake. We conclude that the UCP2 -866G/A was associated with dyslipidemia, insulin resistance in obese adolescents. Additionally, we also observed the interaction between UCP2 -866G/A gene polymorphism and dietary intake on the risk of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emy Huriyati
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Harry F Luglio
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Prima D Ratrikaningtyas
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad FA Tsani
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad H Sadewa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Juffrie
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta, Indonesia
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Akhmedov AT, Rybin V, Marín-García J. Mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and uncoupling proteins in the failing heart. Heart Fail Rev 2015; 20:227-49. [PMID: 25192828 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-014-9457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in cardiovascular medicine, myocardial ischemia and infarction, progressing eventually to the final end point heart failure (HF), remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the USA. HF is a complex syndrome that results from any structural or functional impairment in ventricular filling or blood ejection. Ultimately, the heart's inability to supply the body's tissues with enough blood may lead to death. Mechanistically, the hallmarks of the failing heart include abnormal energy metabolism, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and defects in excitation-contraction coupling. HF is a highly dynamic pathological process, and observed alterations in cardiac metabolism and function depend on the disease progression. In the early stages, cardiac remodeling characterized by normal or slightly increased fatty acid (FA) oxidation plays a compensatory, cardioprotective role. However, upon progression of HF, FA oxidation and mitochondrial oxidative activity are decreased, resulting in a significant drop in cardiac ATP levels. In HF, as a compensatory response to decreased oxidative metabolism, glucose uptake and glycolysis are upregulated, but this upregulation is not sufficient to compensate for a drop in ATP production. Elevated mitochondrial ROS generation and ROS-mediated damage, when they overwhelm the cellular antioxidant defense system, induce heart injury and contribute to the progression of HF. Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs), which promote proton leak across the inner mitochondrial membrane, have emerged as essential regulators of mitochondrial membrane potential, respiratory activity and ROS generation. Although the physiological role of UCP2 and UCP3, expressed in the heart, has not been clearly established, increasing evidence suggests that these proteins by promoting mild uncoupling could reduce mitochondrial ROS generation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ameliorate thereby myocardial function. Further investigation on the alterations in cardiac UCP activity and regulation will advance our understanding of their physiological roles in the healthy and diseased heart and also may facilitate the development of novel and more efficient therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Akhmedov
- The Molecular Cardiology and Neuromuscular Institute, 75 Raritan Avenue, Highland Park, NJ, 08904, USA
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25
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de Souza BM, Michels M, Sortica DA, Bouças AP, Rheinheimer J, Buffon MP, Bauer AC, Canani LH, Crispim D. Polymorphisms of the UCP2 Gene Are Associated with Glomerular Filtration Rate in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and with Decreased UCP2 Gene Expression in Human Kidney. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132938. [PMID: 26218518 PMCID: PMC4517748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) reduces production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria. ROS overproduction is one of the major contributors to the pathogenesis of chronic diabetic complications, such as diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Thus, deleterious polymorphisms in the UCP2 gene are candidate risk factors for DKD. In this study, we investigated whether UCP2 -866G/A, Ala55Val and Ins/Del polymorphisms were associated with DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and whether they had an effect on UCP2 gene expression in human kidney tissue biopsies. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a case-control study, frequencies of the UCP2 -866G/A, Ala55Val and Ins/Del polymorphisms as well as frequencies of the haplotypes constituted by them were analyzed in 287 T2DM patients with DKD and 281 T2DM patients without this complication. In a cross-sectional study, UCP2 gene expression was evaluated in 42 kidney biopsy samples stratified according to the presence of the UCP2 mutated -866A/55Val/Ins haplotype. RESULTS In the T2DM group, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the -866A/55Val/Ins haplotype was an independent risk factor for DKD (OR = 2.136, 95% CI 1.036-4.404), although neither genotype nor allele frequencies of the individual polymorphisms differed between case and control groups. Interestingly, T2DM patients carrying the mutated haplotype showed decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) when compared to subjects with the reference haplotype (adjusted P= 0.035). In kidney biopsy samples, UCP2 expression was significantly decreased in UCP2 mutated haplotype carriers when compared to kidneys from patients with the reference haplotype (0.32 ± 1.20 vs. 1.85 ± 1.16 n fold change; adjusted P< 0.000001). DISCUSSION Data reported here suggest that the UCP2 -866A/55Val/Ins haplotype is associated with an increased risk for DKD and with a lower eGFR in T2DM patients. Furthermore, this mutated haplotype was associated with decreased UCP2 gene expression in human kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Marmontel de Souza
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcus Michels
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Denise Alves Sortica
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Bouças
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jakeline Rheinheimer
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marjoriê Piuco Buffon
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andrea Carla Bauer
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luís Henrique Canani
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Xin G, Yang G, Hui L. Study to assess whether waist circumference and changes in serum glucose and lipid profile are independent variables for the CETP gene. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014; 106:95-100. [PMID: 25115339 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To observe the relationship among genes, obesity and the changes in serum glucose and lipid profile to assess whether obesity-related disease results from genes and/or obesity. METHODS Correlations among serum glucose, lipids, waist circumference (WC), and Taq1B, I405V, and D442G polymorphisms of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen independent variables among obesity-related anthropometric indexes and serum biochemical indicators for genes. RESULTS The waist circumference density index (WCDI) may be attributed to changes in serum biochemical indicators and among WCDI, BMI and serum biochemical indicators, however, only WCDI was an independent variable for the G allele. Differences were observed in anthropometric indexes and serum biochemical indicators between subjects with the G allele and those without (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Abdominal obesity and changes in serum glucose and lipid profile are affected by a group of genes, including CETP. Correlation of the CETP gene with waist circumference may be independent compared with serum glucose and lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Xin
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Gao Yang
- Dalian Tuberculosis Hospital, China
| | - Liu Hui
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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Donadelli M, Dando I, Fiorini C, Palmieri M. UCP2, a mitochondrial protein regulated at multiple levels. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:1171-90. [PMID: 23807210 PMCID: PMC11114077 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An ever-increasing number of studies highlight the role of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes. The knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of UCP2 regulation is becoming fundamental in both the comprehension of UCP2-related physiological events and the identification of novel therapeutic strategies based on UCP2 modulation. The study of UCP2 regulation is a fast-moving field. Recently, several research groups have made a great effort to thoroughly understand the various molecular mechanisms at the basis of UCP2 regulation. In this review, we describe novel findings concerning events that can occur in a concerted manner at various levels: Ucp2 gene mutation (single nucleotide polymorphisms), UCP2 mRNA and protein expression (transcriptional, translational, and protein turn-over regulation), UCP2 proton conductance (ligands and post-transcriptional modifications), and nutritional and pharmacological regulation of UCP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Donadelli
- Section of Biochemistry, Deparment of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy,
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Patel N, Barrientos A, Landgraf R. The growth factor receptor ERBB2 regulates mitochondrial activity on a signaling time scale. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:35253-65. [PMID: 24142693 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.478271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the ERBB2 receptor tyrosine kinase and the mitochondrial inner membrane protein UCP2 occurs frequently in aggressive cancers with dysfunctional mitochondria. Overexpressed ERBB2 signals constitutively and elevated UCP2 can uncouple mitochondria and alleviate oxidative stress. However, the physiological contributions of UCP2 and ERBB2 at the low expression levels that are typical of most tissues, as well as the path to oncogenic deregulation, are poorly understood. We now show that ERBB2 directly controls UCP2 levels, both at low physiological levels and oncogenic overexpression. At low levels of receptor and UCP2, ligand stimulation creates a distinct temporal response pattern driven by the opposing forces of translational suppression of the exceptionally short lived UCP2 protein and a time delayed transcriptional up-regulation. The latter becomes dominant through constitutive signaling by overexpressed ERBB2, resulting in high levels of UCP2 that contribute mitochondrial uncoupling. By contrast, ligand stimulation of non-overexpressed ERBB2 transiently removes UCP2 and paradoxically reduces the mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption, and OXPHOS on a signaling time scale. However, neither the transporter activity nor down-regulation of already low UCP2 levels drive this reduction in mitochondrial activity. Instead, UCP2 is required to establish mitochondria that are capable of responding to ligand. UCP2 knockdown impairs proliferation at high glucose but its absence specifically impairs ligand-induced growth when glucose levels fluctuate. These findings demonstrate the ability of growth factor signaling to control oxidative phosphorylation on a signaling time scale and point toward a non-transporter role for low levels of UCP2 in establishing dynamic response capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirav Patel
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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Wallace DC. Bioenergetics in human evolution and disease: implications for the origins of biological complexity and the missing genetic variation of common diseases. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2013; 368:20120267. [PMID: 23754818 PMCID: PMC3685467 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2012.0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Two major inconsistencies exist in the current neo-Darwinian evolutionary theory that random chromosomal mutations acted on by natural selection generate new species. First, natural selection does not require the evolution of ever increasing complexity, yet this is the hallmark of biology. Second, human chromosomal DNA sequence variation is predominantly either neutral or deleterious and is insufficient to provide the variation required for speciation or for predilection to common diseases. Complexity is explained by the continuous flow of energy through the biosphere that drives the accumulation of nucleic acids and information. Information then encodes complex forms. In animals, energy flow is primarily mediated by mitochondria whose maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) codes for key genes for energy metabolism. In mammals, the mtDNA has a very high mutation rate, but the deleterious mutations are removed by an ovarian selection system. Hence, new mutations that subtly alter energy metabolism are continuously introduced into the species, permitting adaptation to regional differences in energy environments. Therefore, the most phenotypically significant gene variants arise in the mtDNA, are regional, and permit animals to occupy peripheral energy environments where rarer nuclear DNA (nDNA) variants can accumulate, leading to speciation. The neutralist-selectionist debate is then a consequence of mammals having two different evolutionary strategies: a fast mtDNA strategy for intra-specific radiation and a slow nDNA strategy for speciation. Furthermore, the missing genetic variation for common human diseases is primarily mtDNA variation plus regional nDNA variants, both of which have been missed by large, inter-population association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas C Wallace
- Center of Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Colket Translational Research Building, Room 6060, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4302, USA.
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Uncoupling protein 2 -866G/A and uncoupling protein 3 -55C/T polymorphisms in young South African Indian coronary artery disease patients. Gene 2013; 524:79-83. [PMID: 23639961 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) 2 and 3 play an important role in the regulation of oxidative stress which contributes to chronic inflammation. Promoter polymorphisms of these genes have been linked to chronic diseases including heart disease and type II diabetes mellitus in several populations. This is the first investigation of the UCP2 -866G/A rs659366 and UCP3 -55C/T rs1800849 polymorphisms in young South African (SA) Indians with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS A total of 300 subjects were recruited into this study of which 100 were SA Indian males with CAD, 100 age- (range 24-45 years), gender- and race-matched controls and 100 age-matched black SA males. The frequency of the UCP2 -866G/A and UPC3 -55C/T genotypes was assessed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS The heterozygous UCP2 -866G/A and homozygous UCP3 -55C/C genotypes occurred at highest frequency in CAD patients (60% and 64%, respectively) compared to SA Indian controls (52% and 63%) and SA Black controls (50% and 58%). The UCP2 -886G/A (OR=1.110; 95% CI=0.7438-1.655; p=0.6835) and UCP3 -55C/T (OR=0.788; 95% CI=0.482-1.289; p=0.382) polymorphisms did not influence the risk of CAD. The rare homozygous UCP3 -55T/T genotype was associated with highest fasting glucose (11.87 ± 3.7 mmol/L vs. C/C:6.11 ± 0.27 mmol/L and C/T:6.48 ± 0.57 mmol/L, p=0.0025), HbA1c (10.05 ± 2.57% vs. C/C:6.44 ± 0.21% and C/T:6.76 ± 0.35%, p=0.0006) and triglycerides (6.47 ± 1.7 mmol/L vs. C/C:2.33 ± 0.17 mmol/L and C/T:2.06 ± 0.25 mmol/L, p<0.0001) in CAD patients. CONCLUSION The frequency of the UCP2 -866G/A and UCP3 -55C/T polymorphisms was similar in our SA Indian and SA Black groups. The presence of the UCP2 -866G/A and UCP3 -55C/T polymorphisms does not influence the risk of CAD in young South African Indian CAD patients.
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Gioli-Pereira L, Santos PC, Sugaya LS, Ferreira NE, Krieger JE, Pereira AC, Hueb WA. Association between UCP2 A55V polymorphism and risk of cardiovascular events in patients with multi-vessel coronary arterial disease. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2013; 14:40. [PMID: 23537071 PMCID: PMC3621277 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-14-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2) plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases and recent studies have suggested that the A55V polymorphism can cause UCP2 dysfunction. The main aim was to investigate the association of A55V polymorphism with cardiovascular events in a group of 611 patients enrolled in the Medical, Angioplasty or Surgery Study II (MASS II), a randomized trial comparing treatments for patients with coronary artery disease and preserved left ventricular function. Methods The participants of the MASS II were genotyped for the A55V polymorphism using allele-specific PCR assay. Survival curves were calculated with the Kaplan–Meier method and evaluated with the log-rank statistic. The relationship between baseline variables and the composite end-point of cardiac death, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), refractory angina requiring revascularization and cerebrovascular accident were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards survival model. Results There were no significant differences for baseline variables according genotypes. After 2 years of follow-up, dysglycemic patients harboring the VV genotype had higher occurrence of AMI (p=0.026), Death+AMI (p=0.033), new revascularization intervention (p=0.009) and combined events (p=0.037) as compared with patients carrying other genotypes. This association was not evident in normoglycemic patients. Conclusions These findings support the hypothesis that A55V polymorphism is associated with UCP2 functional alterations that increase the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with previous coronary artery disease and dysglycemia.
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de Souza BM, Brondani LA, Bouças AP, Sortica DA, Kramer CK, Canani LH, Leitão CB, Crispim D. Associations between UCP1 -3826A/G, UCP2 -866G/A, Ala55Val and Ins/Del, and UCP3 -55C/T polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus: case-control study and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54259. [PMID: 23365654 PMCID: PMC3554780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some studies have reported associations between five uncoupling protein (UCP) 1–3 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, other studies have failed to confirm the associations. This paper describes a case-control study and a meta-analysis conducted to attempt to determine whether the following polymorphisms are associated with T2DM: -3826A/G (UCP1); -866G/A, Ala55Val and Ins/Del (UCP2) and -55C/T (UCP3). Methods The case-control study enrolled 981 T2DM patients and 534 nondiabetic subjects, all of European ancestry. A literature search was run to identify all studies that investigated associations between UCP1–3 polymorphisms and T2DM. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated for allele contrast, additive, recessive, dominant and co-dominant inheritance models. Sensitivity analyses were performed after stratification by ethnicity. Results In the case-control study the frequencies of the UCP polymorphisms did not differ significantly between T2DM and nondiabetic groups (P>0.05). Twenty-three studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis results showed that the Ala55Val polymorphism was associated with T2DM under a dominant model (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.03–1.57); while the -55C/T polymorphism was associated with this disease in almost all genetic models: allele contrast (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.02–1.34), additive (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.01–1.72) and dominant (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.02–1.37). However, after stratification by ethnicity, the UCP2 55Val and UCP3 -55C/T alleles remained associated with T2DM only in Asians (OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.02–1.51 and OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.04–1.44, respectively; allele contrast model). No significant association of the -3826A/G, -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms with T2DM was observed. Conclusions In our case-control study of people with European ancestry we were not able to demonstrate any association between the UCP polymorphisms and T2DM; however, our meta-analysis detected a significant association between the UCP2 Ala55Val and UCP3 -55C/T polymorphisms and increased susceptibility for T2DM in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca M. de Souza
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Letícia A. Brondani
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Bouças
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Denise A. Sortica
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline K. Kramer
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luís H. Canani
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristiane B. Leitão
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Telle-Hansen VH, Halvorsen B, Dalen KT, Narverud I, Wesseltoft-Rao N, Granlund L, Ulven SM, Holven KB. Altered expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism in obese subjects with unfavourable phenotype. GENES AND NUTRITION 2013; 8:425-34. [PMID: 23296345 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-012-0329-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m(2)) increases the risk of developing lifestyle-related diseases. A subgroup of obese individuals has been described as "metabolically healthy, but obese" (MHO). In contrast to at-risk obese (ARO), the MHO phenotype is defined by a favourable lipid profile and a normal or only slightly affected insulin sensitivity, despite the same amount of body fat. The objective was to characterize the metabolic phenotype of MHO subjects. We screened a variety of genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Obese subjects (men and women; 18-70 years) with BMI ≥30 kg/m(2) were characterized as MHO (n = 9) or as ARO (n = 10). In addition, eleven healthy, normal weight subjects characterized as healthy by the same criteria as described for the MHO subjects were included. We found that with similar weight, total fat mass and fat mass distribution, the ARO subjects have increased plasma levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and free fatty acids. This group also has altered expression levels of a number of genes linked to lipid metabolism in PBMC with reduced gene expression levels of uncoupling protein 2, hormone-sensitive lipase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ compared with MHO subjects. The present metabolic differences between subgroups of obese subjects may contribute to explain some of the underlying mechanisms causing the increased risk of disease among ARO subjects compared with MHO subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- V H Telle-Hansen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Nutrition and Management, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Postbox 4, St.Olavsplass, 0130, Oslo, Norway
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Liu J, Li J, Li WJ, Wang CM. The role of uncoupling proteins in diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2013; 2013:585897. [PMID: 23841103 PMCID: PMC3687498 DOI: 10.1155/2013/585897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are anion carriers expressed in the mitochondrial inner membrane that uncouple oxygen consumption by the respiratory chain from ATP synthesis. The physiological functions of UCPs have long been debated since the new UCPs (UCP2 to 5) were discovered, and the role of UCPs in the pathogeneses of diabetes mellitus is one of the hottest topics. UCPs are thought to be activated by superoxide and then decrease mitochondrial free radicals generation; this may provide a protective effect on diabetes mellitus that is under the oxidative stress conditions. UCP1 is considered to be a candidate gene for diabetes because of its role in thermogenesis and energy expenditure. UCP2 is expressed in several tissues and acts in the negative regulation of insulin secretion by β-cells and in fatty acid metabolism. UCP3 plays a role in fatty acid metabolism and energy homeostasis and modulates insulin sensitivity. Several gene polymorphisms of UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 were reported to be associated with diabetes. The progress in the role of UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 on diabetes mellitus is summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Wen-Jian Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chun-Ming Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- *Chun-Ming Wang:
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Lupo PJ, Canfield MA, Chapa C, Lu W, Agopian AJ, Mitchell LE, Shaw GM, Waller DK, Olshan AF, Finnell RH, Zhu H. Diabetes and obesity-related genes and the risk of neural tube defects in the national birth defects prevention study. Am J Epidemiol 2012; 176:1101-9. [PMID: 23132673 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kws190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have evaluated genetic susceptibility related to diabetes and obesity as a risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs). The authors investigated 23 single nucleotide polymorphisms among 9 genes (ADRB3, ENPP1, FTO, LEP, PPARG, PPARGC1A, SLC2A2, TCF7L2, and UCP2) associated with type 2 diabetes or obesity. Samples were obtained from 737 NTD case-parent triads included in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study during 1999-2007. Log-linear models were used to evaluate maternal and offspring genetic effects. After application of the false discovery rate, there were 5 significant maternal genetic effects. The less common alleles at the 4 FTO single nucleotide polymorphisms showed a reduction of NTD risk (for rs1421085, relative risk (RR) = 0.73 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.62, 0.87); for rs8050136, RR = 0.79 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.93); for rs9939609, RR = 0.79 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.94); and for rs17187449, RR = 0.80 (95% CI: 0.68, 0.95)). Additionally, maternal LEP rs2071045 (RR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.60) and offspring UCP2 rs660339 (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.64) were associated with NTD risk. Furthermore, the maternal genotype for TCF7L2 rs3814573 suggested an increased NTD risk among obese women. These findings indicate that maternal genetic variants associated with glucose homeostasis may modify the risk of having an NTD-affected pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Lupo
- Human Genetics Center, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
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The frequent UCP2 -866G>A polymorphism protects against insulin resistance and is associated with obesity: a study of obesity and related metabolic traits among 17 636 Danes. Int J Obes (Lond) 2012; 37:175-81. [PMID: 22349573 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2012.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is involved in regulating ATP synthesis, generation of reactive oxygen species and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in β-cells. Polymorphisms in UCP2 may be associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of a functional UCP2 promoter polymorphism (-866G>A, rs659366) on obesity, type 2 diabetes and intermediary metabolic traits. Furthermore, to include these and previously published data in a meta-analysis of this variant with respect to its impact on obesity and type 2 diabetes. DESIGN We genotyped UCP2 rs659366 in a total of 17 636 Danish individuals and established case-control studies of obese and non-obese subjects and of type 2 diabetic and glucose-tolerant subjects. Meta-analyses were made in own data set and in publicly available data sets. Quantitative traits relevant for obesity and type 2 diabetes were analysed within separate study populations. RESULTS We found no consistent associations between the UCP2 -866G-allele and obesity or type 2 diabetes. Yet, a meta-analysis of data from 12 984 subjects showed an association with obesity (GA vs GG odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 0.894(0.826-0.968) P=0.00562, and AA vs GG OR(95% CI): 0.892(0.800-0.996), P=0.0415. Moreover, a meta-analysis for type 2 diabetes of 15 107 individuals showed no association. The -866G-allele was associated with elevated fasting serum insulin levels (P=0.002) and HOMA insulin resistance index (P=0.0007). Insulin sensitivity measured during intravenous glucose tolerance test in young Caucasian subjects (n=377) was decreased in carriers of the GG genotype (P=0.05). CONCLUSIONS The UCP2 -866G-allele is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity in Danish subjects and is associated with obesity in a combined meta-analysis.
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Bondia-Pons I, Ryan L, Martinez JA. Oxidative stress and inflammation interactions in human obesity. J Physiol Biochem 2012; 68:701-11. [PMID: 22351038 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-012-0154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is often characterized by increased oxidative stress and exacerbated inflammatory outcomes accompanying infiltration of immune cells in adipocytes. The oxidative stress machinery and inflammatory signaling are not only interrelated, but their impairment can lead to an inhibition of insulin responses as well as a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and associated features. Mitochondria, in addition to energy transformation, play a role in apoptosis, cellular proliferation, as well as in the cellular redox state control. Under certain circumstances, protons are able to re-enter the mitochondrial matrix via different uncoupling proteins, disturbing free radical production by mitochondria. Disorders of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, over-generation of reactive oxygen species, and lipoperoxides or alterations in antioxidant defenses have been reported in situations of obesity and type-2 diabetes. On the other hand, obesity has been linked to a low grade pro-inflammatory state, in which impairments in the oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanism could be involved. The current scientific evidence highlights the need of investigating the interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation with obesity/diabetes onset as well as the interactions of such factors either as a cause or consequence of obesity. The signaling mediated by the activation of inflammatory markers or nuclear factor kappa β and other transcription factors as central regulators of inflammation are key issues to understanding oxidative stress responses in obesity. This review aims at summarizing the main mechanisms and interplay factors between oxidative stress and inflammation in human obesity according to the last 10 years of research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Bondia-Pons
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology Research Building, University of Navarra, C/ Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Martinez-Hervas S, Mansego ML, de Marco G, Martinez F, Alonso MP, Morcillo S, Rojo-Martinez G, Real JT, Ascaso JF, Redon J, Martin Escudero JC, Soriguer F, Chaves FJ. Polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene are associated with body fat distribution and risk of abdominal obesity in Spanish population. Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42:171-8. [PMID: 21883184 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02570.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased accumulation of fat results from an imbalance between energy expenditure and intake, being modulated by different environmental and genetic factors. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are mitochondrial carrier proteins able to spend energy generating heat. Therefore, variations in these genes are good candidates as potential modulators of body fat accumulation. Our aim was to investigate the possible association of genetic variations of the gene codifying the UCP2 protein with obesity and fat distribution. DESIGN We performed a cross-sectional study in 2367 individuals from two population-based studies from different regions of Spain. The Hortega Study included 1436 individuals (693 women) 21-85 years old, and the Pizarra Study included 931 individuals (584 women) 18-65 years old. We evaluated three polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene. RESULTS The TT genotype of the rs660339 polymorphism and the AA genotype of the rs659366 polymorphism of the UCP2 gene were significantly associated with higher waist circumference in the Hortega Study. Furthermore, subjects carrying both genotypes (TT+AA) also showed higher central adiposity compared with other genotypes. This association was also present in the Pizarra Study. Moreover, in the pooled population, we found a stronger association with waist circumference. Even, we found association with BMI. Furthermore, rs659366 polymorphism was associated with the risk of abdominal obesity (P= 0·04: OR = 1·3; CI = 1·01-1·67). CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene (rs660339 and rs659366) were associated with central obesity. This study shows association between the UCP2 gene and the susceptibility to obesity and body fat distribution in a south European population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Martinez-Hervas
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Rose G, Crocco P, De Rango F, Montesanto A, Passarino G. Further support to the uncoupling-to-survive theory: the genetic variation of human UCP genes is associated with longevity. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29650. [PMID: 22216339 PMCID: PMC3246500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans Uncoupling Proteins (UCPs) are a group of five mitochondrial inner membrane transporters with variable tissue expression, which seem to function as regulators of energy homeostasis and antioxidants. In particular, these proteins uncouple respiration from ATP production, allowing stored energy to be released as heat. Data from experimental models have previously suggested that UCPs may play an important role on aging rate and lifespan. We analyzed the genetic variability of human UCPs in cohorts of subjects ranging between 64 and 105 years of age (for a total of 598 subjects), to determine whether specific UCP variability affects human longevity. Indeed, we found that the genetic variability of UCP2, UCP3 and UCP4 do affect the individual's chances of surviving up to a very old age. This confirms the importance of energy storage, energy use and modulation of ROS production in the aging process. In addition, given the different localization of these UCPs (UCP2 is expressed in various tissues including brain, hearth and adipose tissue, while UCP3 is expressed in muscles and Brown Adipose Tissue and UCP4 is expressed in neuronal cells), our results may suggest that the uncoupling process plays an important role in modulating aging especially in muscular and nervous tissues, which are indeed very responsive to metabolic alterations and are very important in estimating health status and survival in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Rose
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Paolina Crocco
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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Wallace DC. Bioenergetic origins of complexity and disease. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2011; 76:1-16. [PMID: 22194359 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2011.76.010462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The organizing power of energy flow is hypothesized to be the origin of biological complexity and its decline the basis of "complex" diseases and aging. Energy flow through organic systems creates nucleic acids, which store information, and the annual accumulation of information generates today's complexity. Energy flow through our bodies is mediated by the mitochondria, symbiotic bacteria whose genomes encompass the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and more than 1000 nuclear genes. Inherited and/or epigenomic variation of the mitochondrial genome determines our initial energetic capacity, but the age-related accumulation of somatic cell mtDNA mutations further erodes energy flow, leading to disease. This bioenergetic perspective on disease provides a unifying pathophysiological and genetic mechanism for neuropsychiatric diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson Disease, metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity, autoimmune diseases, aging, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Wallace
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4302, USA.
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