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Jones C, La Flamme A, Larsen P, Hally K. CPHEN-017: Comprehensive phenotyping of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) on peripheral human neutrophils. Cytometry A 2024. [PMID: 38867433 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
With the recent discovery of their ability to produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), neutrophils are increasingly appreciated as active participants in infection and inflammation. NETs are characterized as large, web-like networks of DNA and proteins extruded from neutrophils, and there is considerable interest in how these structures drive disease in humans. Advancing research in this field is contingent on developing novel tools for quantifying NETosis. To this end, we have developed a 7-marker flow cytometry panel for analyzing NETosis on human peripheral neutrophils following in vitro stimulation, and in fresh circulating neutrophils under inflammatory conditions. This panel was optimized on neutrophils isolated from whole blood and analyzed fresh or in vitro stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or ionomycin, two known NET-inducing agonists. Neutrophils were identified as SSChighFSChighCD15+CD66b+. Neutrophils positive for amine residues and 7-Aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD), our DNA dye of choice, were deemed necrotic (Zombie-NIR+7-AAD+) and were removed from downstream analysis. Exclusion of Zombie-NIR and positivity for 7-AAD (Zombie-NIRdim7-AAD+) was used here as a marker of neutrophil-appendant DNA, a key feature of NETs. The presence of two NET-associated proteins - myeloperoxidase (MPO) and neutrophil elastase (NE) - were utilized to identify neutrophil-appendant NET events (SSChighFSChighCD15+CD66b+Zombie NIRdim7-AAD+MPO+NE+). We also demonstrate that NETotic neutrophils express citrullinated histone H3 (H3cit), are concentration-dependently induced by in vitro PMA and ionomycin stimulation but are disassembled with DNase treatment, and are present in both chronic and acute inflammation. This 7-color flow cytometry panel provides a novel tool for examining NETosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceridwyn Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Anne La Flamme
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Peter Larsen
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Kathryn Hally
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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2
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Akkus GN, Yildiz K. Extracellular traps development in canine neutrophils induced by infective stage Toxocara canis larvae. Vet Parasitol 2024; 328:110186. [PMID: 38640875 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils, a crucial element of the host defense system, develop extracellular traps against helminth parasites. Neutrophils accumulate around the larvae of Toxocara canis (T. canis) in the tissues of the organism. This study aimed to determine the reaction in canine neutrophils after incubation with infective stage T. canis larvae (L3) in vitro. Most L3 were still active and moved between the extracellular traps (NETs) after 60-min incubation. NETs were not disintegrated by L3 movement. The L3 was only immobilized by NETs, entrapped larvae were still motile between the traps at the 24 h incubation. NETs were observed not only to accumulate around the mouth, excretory pole or anus but also the entire body of live L3. The extracellular DNA amount released from the canine neutrophils after being induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate was not affected by T. canis excretory/secretory products obtained from 250 L3. To the Authors'knowledge, the extracellular trap structures was firstly observed in canine neutrophils against T. canis L3 in vitro. NETs decorated with myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase and histone (H3) were observed under fluorescence microscope. There were not significant differences in the amount of extracellular DNA (P > 0.05), but the morphological structure of NETs was different in the live and head-inactivated T. canis larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Nur Akkus
- Kirikkale University, Health Sciences Institute, Department of Parasitology, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Kader Yildiz
- Kirikkale University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Kirikkale, Turkey.
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3
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Voronina MV, Frolova AS, Kolesova EP, Kuldyushev NA, Parodi A, Zamyatnin AA. The Intricate Balance between Life and Death: ROS, Cathepsins, and Their Interplay in Cell Death and Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4087. [PMID: 38612897 PMCID: PMC11012956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular survival hinges on a delicate balance between accumulating damages and repair mechanisms. In this intricate equilibrium, oxidants, currently considered physiological molecules, can compromise vital cellular components, ultimately triggering cell death. On the other hand, cells possess countermeasures, such as autophagy, which degrades and recycles damaged molecules and organelles, restoring homeostasis. Lysosomes and their enzymatic arsenal, including cathepsins, play critical roles in this balance, influencing the cell's fate toward either apoptosis and other mechanisms of regulated cell death or autophagy. However, the interplay between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cathepsins in these life-or-death pathways transcends a simple cause-and-effect relationship. These elements directly and indirectly influence each other's activities, creating a complex web of interactions. This review delves into the inner workings of regulated cell death and autophagy, highlighting the pivotal role of ROS and cathepsins in these pathways and their intricate interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya V. Voronina
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Anastasia S. Frolova
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina P. Kolesova
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Nikita A. Kuldyushev
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Parodi
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.S.F.); (E.P.K.); (N.A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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4
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Lima-Gomes PDS, do Nascimento MTC, Nadaes NR, de Campos SG, Tavares Haido RM, Danelli MDG, Pinto-da-Silva LH, Saraiva EM. Chick heterophils release DNA extracellular traps (DETs) in vitro and in vivo upon Aspergillus fumigatus conidia exposure. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105261. [PMID: 37984735 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillosis is a common fungal disease in avian species, causing high mortality in young chicks in agricultural farms and yards. It is caused by fungi belonging to the genus Aspergillus. Aspergillosis occurs by inhalation of fungal conidia, and in chickens, effective infection control relies on a rapid and large influx of heterophils to the lungs. Heterophils, upon different stimuli, release to the extracellular milieu their chromatin associated with several proteins that ensnare and kill different pathogens similarly to neutrophil extracellular traps. Here, we showed that Aspergillus fumigatus conidia and the peptidogalactomannan (PGM), isolated from the fungus cell wall, induce the release of DNA extracellular traps (DETs) in chicks' blood and lung heterophils. We demonstrated that reactive oxygen species, elastase and peptidyl arginine deiminase (PAD) were involved in DETs extrusion, the occurrence of DETs in the lungs of A. fumigatus-exposed chicks in vivo, and its role in chick survival. These results may contribute to developing more efficient tools for the therapeutic and diagnosis of aspergillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillipe de Souza Lima-Gomes
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Departamento de Imunologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Veterinária, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Michelle Tanny Cunha do Nascimento
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Departamento de Imunologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Natalia Rocha Nadaes
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Departamento de Imunologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Gaspar de Campos
- Instituto de Veterinária, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Tavares Haido
- Instituto Biomédico, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Danelli
- Instituto de Veterinária, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucia Helena Pinto-da-Silva
- Instituto de Veterinária, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elvira M Saraiva
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Departamento de Imunologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Okurut S, Boulware DR, Okafor E, Rhein J, Kajumbula H, Bagaya BS, Bwanga F, Olobo JO, Manabe YC, Meya DB, Janoff EN. Divergent neuroimmune signatures in the cerebrospinal fluid predict differential gender-specific survival among patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275443. [PMID: 38152404 PMCID: PMC10752005 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Survival among people with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) remains low, particularly among women, despite the currently optimal use of antifungal drugs. Cryptococcus dissemination into the central nervous system [brain, spinal cord, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)] elicits the local production of cytokines, chemokines, and other biomarkers. However, no consistent diagnostic or prognostic neuroimmune signature is reported to underpin the risk of death or to identify mechanisms to improve treatment and survival. We hypothesized that distinct neuroimmune signatures in the CSF would distinguish survivors from people who died on antifungal treatment and who may benefit from tailored therapy. Methods We considered baseline clinical features, CSF cryptococcal fungal burden, and CSF neuroimmune signatures with survival at 18 weeks among 419 consenting adults by "gender" (168 women and 251 men by biological sex defined at birth). Results Survival at 18 weeks was significantly lower among women than among men {47% vs. 59%, respectively; hazard ratio (HR) = 1.4 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0 to 1.9; p = 0.023]}. Unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated divergent neuroimmune signatures by gender, survival, and intragender-specific survival. Overall, women had lower levels of programmed death ligand 1, Interleukin (IL) (IL-11RA/IL-1F30, and IL-15 (IL-15) than men (all p < 0.028). Female survivors compared with those who died expressed significant elevations in levels of CCL11 and CXCL10 chemokines (both p = 0.001), as well as increased T helper 1, regulatory, and T helper 17 cytokines (all p < 0.041). In contrast, male survivors expressed lower levels of IL-15 and IL-8 compared with men who died (p < 0.044). Conclusions Survivors of both genders demonstrated a significant increase in the levels of immune regulatory IL-10. In conclusion, the lower survival among women with CM was accompanied by distinct differential gender-specific neuroimmune signatures. These female and male intragender-specific survival-associated neuroimmune signatures provide potential targets for interventions to advance therapy to improve the low survival among people with HIV-associated CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Okurut
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - David R. Boulware
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Elizabeth Okafor
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Joshua Rhein
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Henry Kajumbula
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bernard S. Bagaya
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Freddie Bwanga
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joseph O. Olobo
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Yukari C. Manabe
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David B. Meya
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edward N. Janoff
- Mucosal and Vaccine Research Program Colorado, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Disease, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO, United States
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Carvalho-Kelly LF, Freitas-Mesquita AL, Nascimento MTC, Dick CF, de Souza-Maciel E, Rochael NC, Saraiva EM, Meyer-Fernandes JR. Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites escape killing by neutrophil extracellular traps using their 3'-nucleotidase/nuclease activity. Eur J Protistol 2023; 91:126032. [PMID: 37948889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2023.126032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba castellanii is a free-living amoeba that acts as an opportunistic pathogen for humans and is the pathogenic agent of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). A. castellanii may present as proliferative and infective trophozoites or as resistant cysts during their life cycle. The immune response against AK is still poorly explored; however, it is well established that macrophages and neutrophils play essential roles in controlling corneal infection during the disease outcome. The release of NETs is one of the innate immune strategies to prevent parasite infection, especially when neutrophils interact with microorganisms that are too large to be phagocytosed, which is the case for amoeba species. The present work demonstrated that A. castellanii trophozoites can trigger NET formation upon in vitro interaction with neutrophils. Using DNase as a control, we observed increased parasite survival after coinciding with neutrophils, which may be correlated with NET degradation. Indeed, A. castellanii trophozoites degrade the NET DNA scaffold. Molecular analysis confirmed the occurrence of a 3'-nucleotidase/nuclease (3'-NT/NU) in the A. castellanii genome. We also demonstrated that trophozoites exhibit significantly higher 3'-NT/NU activity than cysts, which cannot trigger NET release. Considering that previous studies indicated the pathological role of 3'-NT-/NU in parasite infection, we suggest that this enzyme may act as the mechanism of escape of A. castellanii trophozoites from NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michelle T C Nascimento
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM), UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes (IMPG), UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Claudia F Dick
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Natalia C Rochael
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes (IMPG), UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elvira M Saraiva
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes (IMPG), UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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de Siqueira Santos R, Rochael NC, Mattos TRF, Fallett E Silva MF, Linhares-Lacerda L, de Oliveira LT, Cunha MS, Mohana-Borges R, Gomes TA, Barbosa-Silva MC, Maron-Gutierrez T, Foguel D, Saraiva EM. Peripheral nervous system is injured by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) elicited by nonstructural (NS) protein-1 from Zika virus. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23126. [PMID: 37594040 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201904r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of innate immune mediators to the Zika virus (ZIKV)-induced neuroinflammation is not yet well known. Here, we investigated whether neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are scaffolds of DNA associated with proteins, have the potential to injure peripheral nervous. The tissue lesions were evaluated after adding NETs to dorsal root ganglia (DRG) explants and to DRG constituent cells or injecting them into mouse sciatic nerves. Identification of NET harmful components was achieved by pharmacological inhibition of NET constituents. We found that ZIKV inoculation into sciatic nerves recruited neutrophils and elicited the production of the cytokines CXCL1 and IL-1β, classical NET inducers, but did not trigger NET formation. ZIKV blocked PMA- and CXCL8-induced NET release, but, in contrast, the ZIKV nonstructural protein (NS)-1 induced NET formation. NET-enriched supernatants were toxic to DRG explants, decreasing neurite area, length, and arborization. NETs were toxic to DRG constituent cells and affected myelinating cells. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and histones were identified as the harmful component of NETs. NS1 injection into mouse sciatic nerves recruited neutrophils and triggered NET release and caspase-3 activation, events that were also elicited by the injection of purified MPO. In summary, we found that ZIKV NS1 protein induces NET formation, which causes nervous tissue damages. Our findings reveal new mechanisms leading to neuroinflammation by ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael de Siqueira Santos
- Laboratório de Agregação de Proteínas e Amiloidoses, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natalia Cadaxo Rochael
- Laboratório de Imunidade Inata, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thayana Roberta F Mattos
- Laboratório de Imunidade Inata, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Matheus Felipe Fallett E Silva
- Laboratório de Agregação de Proteínas e Amiloidoses, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Laboratório de Imunidade Inata, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro Teixeira de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Agregação de Proteínas e Amiloidoses, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcela Sabino Cunha
- Laboratório de Genética e Imunologia das Infecções Virais, Departamento de Virologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Mohana-Borges
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tiago Araujo Gomes
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Barbosa-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Maron-Gutierrez
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Debora Foguel
- Laboratório de Agregação de Proteínas e Amiloidoses, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvira Maria Saraiva
- Laboratório de Imunidade Inata, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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8
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Okurut S, Boulware DR, Okafor E, Rhein J, Kajumbula H, Bagaya B, Bwanga F, Olobo JO, Manabe YC, Meya DB, Janoff EN. Divergent Neuroimmune Signatures in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Predict Differential Gender-Specific Survival Among Patients With HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.08.09.23293903. [PMID: 37645984 PMCID: PMC10462187 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.09.23293903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Survival among people with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) remains low, exceptionally among women with the increased threat of death on current optimal use of antifungal drugs. Cryptococcus dissemination into the central nervous system (CNS) prompts a neuroimmune reaction to activate pathogen concomitant factors. However, no consistent diagnostic or prognostic immune-mediated signature is reported to underpin the risk of death or mechanism to improve treatment or survival. We theorized that the distinct neuroimmune cytokine or chemokine signatures in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), distinguish survivors from people who died on antifungal treatment, who may benefit from tailored therapy. We considered the baseline clinical disease features, cryptococcal microbiologic factors, and CSF neuroimmune modulated signatures among 419 consenting adults by gender (biological sex assigned at birth) (168 females and 251 males) by 18 weeks of survival on antifungal management. Survival at 18 weeks was inferior among females than males (47% vs. 59%; hazard ratio HR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.9, and p=0.023). Unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated the divergent neuroimmune signatures by gender, survival, and intragender-specific survival. Overall, females displayed lower levels of PD-L1, IL-1RA, and IL-15 than males (all p≤0.028). Female survivors compared with those who died, expressed significant fold elevations in levels of CSF (CCL11 - myeloid and CXCL10 - lymphoid chemokine (in both p=0.001), and CSF Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines. In contrast, male survivors expressed distinctly lower levels of CSF IL-15 and IL-8 compared with those who died. Survivors of either gender demonstrated a significant increase in the levels of immune regulatory element, IL-10. In the finale, we classified divergent neuroimmune key signatures in CSF by gender, survival, and intragender-specific survival among people with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. These intragender-specific survival associated-neuroimmune signatures, suggests the discrete role of gender immune regulating mechanisms as the possible targets for interventions to advance therapy to improve survival among people with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Okurut
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - David R Boulware
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Elizabeth Okafor
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Joshua Rhein
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Henry Kajumbula
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bernard Bagaya
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Freddie Bwanga
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joseph O Olobo
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Yukari C Manabe
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, MD, 21205, USA
| | - David B Meya
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edward N Janoff
- Mucosal and Vaccine Research Program Colorado, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, 80045, USA
- Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver CO, 80045, USA
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9
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Maus KD, Stephenson DJ, Macknight HP, Vu NT, Hoeferlin LA, Kim M, Diegelmann RF, Xie X, Chalfant CE. Skewing cPLA 2α activity toward oxoeicosanoid production promotes neutrophil N2 polarization, wound healing, and the response to sepsis. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadd6527. [PMID: 37433004 PMCID: PMC10565596 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.add6527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation is linked to poor outcomes in sepsis and wound healing, both of which proceed through distinct inflammatory and resolution phases. Eicosanoids are a class of bioactive lipids that recruit neutrophils and other innate immune cells. The interaction of ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) with the eicosanoid biosynthetic enzyme cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) reduces the production of a subtype of eicosanoids called oxoeicosanoids. We investigated the effect of shifting the balance in eicosanoid biosynthesis on neutrophil polarization and function. Knockin mice expressing a cPLA2 mutant lacking the C1P binding site (cPLA2αKI/KI mice) showed enhanced and sustained neutrophil infiltration into wounds and the peritoneum during the inflammatory phase of wound healing and sepsis, respectively. The mice exhibited improved wound healing and reduced susceptibility to sepsis, which was associated with an increase in anti-inflammatory N2-type neutrophils demonstrating proresolution behaviors and a decrease in proinflammatory N1-type neutrophils. The N2 polarization of cPLA2αKI/KI neutrophils resulted from increased oxoeicosanoid biosynthesis and autocrine signaling through the oxoeicosanoid receptor OXER1 and partially depended on OXER1-dependent inhibition of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Thus, C1P binding to cPLA2α suppresses neutrophil N2 polarization, thereby impairing wound healing and the response to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D Maus
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Daniel J Stephenson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - H Patrick Macknight
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Ngoc T Vu
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Biotechnology, International University-VNU HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - L Alexis Hoeferlin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University-School of Medicine, Richmond VA 23298, USA
| | - Minjung Kim
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Robert F Diegelmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University-School of Medicine, Richmond VA 23298, USA
| | - Xiujie Xie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Charles E Chalfant
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Program in Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Research Service, Richmond Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond VA, 23298, USA
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10
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Reis LR, Souza Junior DR, Tomasin R, Bruni-Cardoso A, Di Mascio P, Ronsein GE. Citrullination of actin-ligand and nuclear structural proteins, cytoskeleton reorganization and protein redistribution across cellular fractions are early events in ionomycin-induced NETosis. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102784. [PMID: 37356135 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like structures of DNA coated with cytotoxic proteins and histones released by activated neutrophils through a process called NETosis. NETs release occurs through a sequence of highly organized events leading to chromatin expansion and rupture of nuclear and cellular membranes. In calcium ionophore-induced NETosis, the enzyme peptidylargine deiminase 4 (PAD4) mediates chromatin decondensation through histone citrullination, but the biochemical pathways involved in this process are not fully understood. Here we use live-imaging microscopy and proteomic studies of the neutrophil cellular fractions to investigate the early events in ionomycin-triggered NETosis. We found that before ionomycin-stimulated neutrophils release NETs, profound biochemical changes occur in and around their nucleus, such as, cytoskeleton reorganization, nuclear redistribution of actin-remodeling related proteins, and citrullination of actin-ligand and nuclear structural proteins. Ionomycin-stimulated neutrophils rapidly lose their characteristic polymorphic nucleus, and these changes are promptly communicated to the extracellular environment through the secretion of proteins related to immune response. Therefore, our findings revealed key biochemical mediators in the early process that subsequently culminates with nuclear and cell membranes rupture, and extracellular DNA release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenna Rocha Reis
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rebeka Tomasin
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paolo Di Mascio
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Graziella Eliza Ronsein
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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11
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Han Y, Zhang Q, Chen L, Zhao J, Yang D. In vitro study of deltamethrin-induced extracellular traps in hemocytes of Ruditapes philippinarum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114909. [PMID: 37062260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin (DLM), a broad-spectrum pesticide, has been proven to have toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Here, we detected the formation of extracellular traps (ETosis) formation in Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) hemocytes stimulated by three concentrations of DLM (0.01, 0.1 and 1 μg/mL) in vitro, and explored the underlying mechanisms induced by this pesticide. Extracellular DNA structure observation and quantitative results indicated that DLM exposure could obviously induce hemocytes ETosis, especially under high concentration of DLM induction. Moreover, DLM increased the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose-dependent manner, and enhanced the mRNA expression of several ROS-related genes. DPI (NADPH oxidase inhibitor) and ABAH (MPO inhibitor) could substantially inhibit DLM-induced extracellular traps (ETs), suggesting that the induced ETs release was caused by the induction of the ROS burst and MPO production. In addition, three concentrations of DLM-induced ETs were also accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction, such as increasing the production of mitochondrial ROS, leading to a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and activation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). Taken together, these results will shed new light on the immunotoxicity of DLM in clams and perhaps lays the foundation for health assessment in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Han
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Lizhu Chen
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, Shandong 264006, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Dinglong Yang
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China.
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12
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Zhu Q, Zheng F, You W, Kang X, Chen C, Pan Z, Zhou J, Hu W. Expression of Histone H1 in Rats with Traumatic Brain Injury and the Effect of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway. World Neurosurg 2023; 171:e286-e290. [PMID: 36509326 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore expression of histone H1 after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the effect of the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway on its expression. METHODS Of 24 rats, 15 were randomly divided into a sham and 4 TBI groups, with 3 rats in each group; the remaining 9 rats were randomly divided into sham group, TBI group, and TBI+CY-09 group, with 3 rats in each group. The expression of histone H1 in rat serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Western blot was used to detect the expression of target protein in the injured brain tissue of rats. RESULTS On the 3rd day after TBI, compared with the sham group, the expression of histone H1 was decreased (P < 0.05). After inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway with CY-09, expressions of IL-1β, IL-18, and histone H1 in rat-injured brain tissue in the TBI+CY-09 group were decreased compared with the TBI group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The expression of histone H1 decreased significantly from the 3rd day after TBI. Inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway may reduce the expression of histone H1. The expression of histone H1 was affected by the microglia-related central nervous system inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangbin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hui'an County Hospital, Quanzhou Hui'an, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Wei You
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital of Fujian Province, Zhangzhou, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.
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13
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Zhang Y, Peng R, Pei S, Gao S, Sun Y, Cheng G, Yu D, Wang X, Gao Z, Ji B, Zhou Z. Neutrophil extracellular traps are increased after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support initiation and present in thrombus: A preclinical study using sheep as an animal model. Thromb Res 2023; 221:173-182. [PMID: 36402603 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The balance between thrombosis and hemostasis is a difficult issue during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. The pathogenesis leading to thrombotic complications during ECMO support is not well understood. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were reported to participate in thrombosis and have a key role in inflammation. This study aimed to explore the role of NETs in thrombosis during ECMO support and investigate NETs as a predictive biomarker for thrombotic complications during ECMO assistance. METHODS Ten ovine models of ECMO support were established. Animals were then randomly divided into 2 groups (5 sheep/group): venoarterial (VA) ECMO group and venovenous (VV) ECMO group. The venous blood samples were collected at different time points. Markers of NETs were detected in plasma, neutrophils, and thrombi from the vessels and membrane. Moreover, circulating NETs levels in 8 adults treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) who received VA-ECMO and 8 healthy controls were detected; patient survival was also recorded. RESULTS In vivo study showed that neutrophils and NETs markers (dsDNA and citH3) levels were significantly elevated 6 h after ECMO compared to baseline. Isolated neutrophils from fresh blood at 6 h could release more NETs. dsDNA and citH3 levels were significantly higher in the VA mode than in the VV mode. NETs were found in thrombi from the vessel and membrane. Clinical data further revealed that dsDNA, citH3, and nucleosomes were higher in patients who received ECMO than in healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest NETs might be associated with thrombus during ECMO support, especially in the VA mode. These findings provide new insight into preventing thrombotic complications by targeting NETs. Also, NETs may potentially become an early warning biomarker for thrombosis under ECMO assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China; Center of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengqiang Pei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Sizhe Gao
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Gaowa Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Dongze Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ximing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Zhangwei Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Bingyang Ji
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
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14
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Histone Citrullination Mediates a Protective Role in Endothelium and Modulates Inflammation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244070. [PMID: 36552833 PMCID: PMC9777278 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
NETosis is a key host immune process against a pathogenic infection during innate immune activation, consisting of a neutrophil "explosion" and, consequently, NET formation, containing mainly DNA, histones, and other nuclear proteins. During sepsis, an exacerbated immune host response to an infection occurs, activating the innate immunity and NETosis events, which requires histone H3 citrullination. Our group compared the circulating histone levels with those citrullinated H3 levels in plasma samples of septic patients. In addition, we demonstrated that citrullinated histones were less cytotoxic for endothelial cells than histones without this post-translational modification. Citrullinated histones did not affect cell viability and did not activate oxidative stress. Nevertheless, citrullinated histones induced an inflammatory response, as well as regulatory endothelial mechanisms. Furthermore, septic patients showed elevated levels of circulating citrullinated histone H3, indicating that the histone citrullination is produced during the first stages of sepsis, probably due to the NETosis process.
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15
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Nisa A, Kipper FC, Panigrahy D, Tiwari S, Kupz A, Subbian S. Different modalities of host cell death and their impact on Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1444-C1474. [PMID: 36189975 PMCID: PMC9662802 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00246.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the pathogen that causes tuberculosis (TB), a leading infectious disease of humans worldwide. One of the main histopathological hallmarks of TB is the formation of granulomas comprised of elaborately organized aggregates of immune cells containing the pathogen. Dissemination of Mtb from infected cells in the granulomas due to host and mycobacterial factors induces multiple cell death modalities in infected cells. Based on molecular mechanism, morphological characteristics, and signal dependency, there are two main categories of cell death: programmed and nonprogrammed. Programmed cell death (PCD), such as apoptosis and autophagy, is associated with a protective response to Mtb by keeping the bacteria encased within dead macrophages that can be readily phagocytosed by arriving in uninfected or neighboring cells. In contrast, non-PCD necrotic cell death favors the pathogen, resulting in bacterial release into the extracellular environment. Multiple types of cell death in the PCD category, including pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, ETosis, parthanatos, and PANoptosis, may be involved in Mtb infection. Since PCD pathways are essential for host immunity to Mtb, therapeutic compounds targeting cell death signaling pathways have been experimentally tested for TB treatment. This review summarizes different modalities of Mtb-mediated host cell deaths, the molecular mechanisms underpinning host cell death during Mtb infection, and its potential implications for host immunity. In addition, targeting host cell death pathways as potential therapeutic and preventive approaches against Mtb infection is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annuurun Nisa
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Franciele C Kipper
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dipak Panigrahy
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sangeeta Tiwari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center (BBRC), University of Texas, El Paso, Texas
| | - Andreas Kupz
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey
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16
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Boštjančić LL, Francesconi C, Rutz C, Hoffbeck L, Poidevin L, Kress A, Jussila J, Makkonen J, Feldmeyer B, Bálint M, Schwenk K, Lecompte O, Theissinger K. Host-pathogen coevolution drives innate immune response to Aphanomyces astaci infection in freshwater crayfish: transcriptomic evidence. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:600. [PMID: 35989333 PMCID: PMC9394032 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08571-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For over a century, scientists have studied host-pathogen interactions between the crayfish plague disease agent Aphanomyces astaci and freshwater crayfish. It has been hypothesised that North American crayfish hosts are disease-resistant due to the long-lasting coevolution with the pathogen. Similarly, the increasing number of latent infections reported in the historically sensitive European crayfish hosts seems to indicate that similar coevolutionary processes are occurring between European crayfish and A. astaci. Our current understanding of these host-pathogen interactions is largely focused on the innate immunity processes in the crayfish haemolymph and cuticle, but the molecular basis of the observed disease-resistance and susceptibility remain unclear. To understand how coevolution is shaping the host's molecular response to the pathogen, susceptible native European noble crayfish and invasive disease-resistant marbled crayfish were challenged with two A. astaci strains of different origin: a haplogroup A strain (introduced to Europe at least 50 years ago, low virulence) and a haplogroup B strain (signal crayfish in lake Tahoe, USA, high virulence). Here, we compare the gene expression profiles of the hepatopancreas, an integrated organ of crayfish immunity and metabolism. RESULTS We characterised several novel innate immune-related gene groups in both crayfish species. Across all challenge groups, we detected 412 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the noble crayfish, and 257 DEGs in the marbled crayfish. In the noble crayfish, a clear immune response was detected to the haplogroup B strain, but not to the haplogroup A strain. In contrast, in the marbled crayfish we detected an immune response to the haplogroup A strain, but not to the haplogroup B strain. CONCLUSIONS We highlight the hepatopancreas as an important hub for the synthesis of immune molecules in the response to A. astaci. A clear distinction between the innate immune response in the marbled crayfish and the noble crayfish is the capability of the marbled crayfish to mobilise a higher variety of innate immune response effectors. With this study we outline that the type and strength of the host immune response to the pathogen is strongly influenced by the coevolutionary history of the crayfish with specific A. astaci strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljudevit Luka Boštjančić
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Caterina Francesconi
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829, Landau, Germany.
| | - Christelle Rutz
- Department of Computer Science, ICube, UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, Rue Eugène Boeckel 1, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lucien Hoffbeck
- Department of Computer Science, ICube, UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, Rue Eugène Boeckel 1, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laetitia Poidevin
- Department of Computer Science, ICube, UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, Rue Eugène Boeckel 1, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Arnaud Kress
- Department of Computer Science, ICube, UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, Rue Eugène Boeckel 1, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Japo Jussila
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jenny Makkonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
- Present address: BioSafe - Biological Safety Solutions, Microkatu 1, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Barbara Feldmeyer
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Miklós Bálint
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Schwenk
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Odile Lecompte
- Department of Computer Science, ICube, UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, Rue Eugène Boeckel 1, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kathrin Theissinger
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
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17
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Liu ML, Lyu X, Werth VP. Recent progress in the mechanistic understanding of NET formation in neutrophils. FEBS J 2022; 289:3954-3966. [PMID: 34042290 PMCID: PMC9107956 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating white blood cells and one of the major cell types of the innate immune system. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a result of the extracellular release of nuclear chromatin from the ruptured nuclear envelope and plasma membrane. The externalized chromatin is an ancient defense weapon for animals to entrap and kill microorganisms in the extracellular milieu, thus protecting animals ranging from lower invertebrates to higher vertebrates. Although the externalized chromatin has the advantage of acting as anti-infective to protect against infections, extracellular chromatin might be problematic in higher vertebrate animals as they have an adaptive immune system that can trigger further immune or autoimmune responses. NETs and their associated nuclear and/or cytoplasmic components may induce sterile inflammation, immune, and autoimmune responses, leading to various human diseases. Though important in human pathophysiology, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of NET formation (also called NETosis) are not well understood. Given that nuclear chromatin forms the backbone of NETs, the nucleus is the root of the nuclear DNA extracellular traps. Thus, nuclear chromatin decondensation, along with the rupture of nuclear envelope and plasma membrane, is required for nuclear chromatin extracellular release and NET formation. So far, most of the literature focuses on certain signaling pathways, which are involved in NET formation but without explanation of cellular events and morphological changes described above. Here, we have summarized emerging evidence and discuss new mechanistic understanding, with our perspectives, in NET formation in neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lin Liu
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA,Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xing Lyu
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA,Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Victoria P. Werth
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA,Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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18
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Rodriguez C, Vega IA, Castro-Vazquez A. A Dissenters' View on AppleSnail Immunobiology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:879122. [PMID: 35693764 PMCID: PMC9178244 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.879122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We stand as dissenters against the acceptance of scientific knowledge that has not been built on empirical data. With this in mind, this review synthesizes selected aspects of the immunobiology of gastropods and of apple snails (Ampullariidae) in particular, from morphological to molecular and "omics" studies. Our trip went through more than two centuries of history and was guided by an evo-devo hypothesis: that the gastropod immune system originally developed in the mesenchymal connective tissue of the reno-pericardial complex, and that in that tissue some cells differentiated into hematopoietically committed progenitor cells that integrate constitutive hemocyte aggregations in the reno-pericardial territory, whether concentrated in the pericardium or the kidney in a species-specific manner. However, some of them may be freed from those aggregations, circulate in the blood, and form distant contingent aggregations anywhere in the body, but always in response to intruders (i.e., pathogens or any other immune challenge). After that, we reviewed the incipient immunology of the Ampullariidae by critically revising the findings in Pomacea canaliculata and Marisa cornuarietis, the only ampullariid species that have been studied in this respect, and we attempted to identify the effectors and the processes in which they are involved. Particularly for P. canaliculata, which is by far the most studied species, we ask which hemocytes are involved, in which tissues or organs are integrated, and what cellular reactions to intruders this species has in common with other animals. Furthermore, we wondered what humoral factors could also integrate its internal defense system. Among the cellular defenses, we give an outstanding position to the generation of hemocyte nodules, which seems to be an important process for these snails, serving the isolation and elimination of intruders. Finally, we discuss hematopoiesis in apple snails. There have been contrasting views about some of these aspects, but we envision a hematopoietic system centered in the constitutive hemocyte islets in the ampullariid kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Rodriguez
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Israel A. Vega
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Alfredo Castro-Vazquez
- IHEM, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Morán G, Uberti B, Quiroga J. Role of Cellular Metabolism in the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Airway Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:850416. [PMID: 35493475 PMCID: PMC9039247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.850416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a recently described mechanism of neutrophils that play an important role in health and disease. NETs are an innate defense mechanism that participate in clearance of pathogens, but they may also cause collateral damage in unrelated host tissues. Neutrophil dysregulation and NETosis occur in multiple lung diseases, such as pathogen-induced acute lung injury, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), severe asthma, cystic fibrosis, and recently, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. More recently, research into immunometabolism has surged due to the possibility of reprogramming metabolism in order to modulate immune functions. The present review analyzes the different metabolic pathways associated with NETs formation, and how these impact on pathologies of the airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Morán
- Instituto de Farmacología y Morfofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Benjamín Uberti
- Instituto de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - John Quiroga
- Instituto de Farmacología y Morfofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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20
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Guo L, Shen J, Lei W, Yan P, Wang M, Zhou Q, Wang H, Wu J, Chen J, Wang R. Plasma Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA Levels Are Associated With the Inflammatory Burden and Macrophage Extracellular Trap Activity in Renal Allografts. Front Immunol 2022; 13:796326. [PMID: 35386710 PMCID: PMC8977515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.796326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have confirmed the role of plasma donor-derived cell-free DNA (ddcfDNA) as a reliable non-invasive biomarker for allograft injury after kidney transplantation. Whereas the variability of plasma ddcfDNA levels among recipients has limited their clinical use. This study aimed to explore the intrinsic factors associated with plasma ddcfDNA elevation by investigating the impact of Banff lesions and inflammatory infiltrates on ddcfDNA levels in kidney transplant recipients. From March 2017 to September 2019, a total of 106 kidney transplant recipients with matched allograft biopsies were included, consisting of 13 recipients with normal/nonspecific changes, 13 recipients with borderline changes, 60 with T cell-mediated rejection, and 20 with antibody-mediated rejection. Histologic classification was performed according to the Banff 2017 criteria by two experienced pathologists. Plasma ddcfDNA fractions ranged from 0.12% to 10.22%, with a median level of 0.91%. Banff histology subelements including glomerulitis, intimal arteritis, and severe interstitial inflammation were correlated with increased plasma ddcfDNA levels. The inflammatory cell infiltrate in the allografts was phenotyped by immunochemistry and automatically counted by digital image recognition. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between macrophage infiltrations in allografts and plasma ddcfDNA levels. Additionally, macrophage extracellular trap (MET) activity was significantly associated with the rise in plasma ddcfDNA levels. Our findings demonstrated that plasma ddcfDNA could reflect the inflammatory state in renal allografts and suggested the potential role of METs in the pathogenesis of allograft injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Guo
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Shen
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Lei
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengpeng Yan
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meifang Wang
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Wu
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rending Wang
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Kidney Diseases, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Heimroth RD, Casadei E, Benedicenti O, Amemiya CT, Muñoz P, Salinas I. The lungfish cocoon is a living tissue with antimicrobial functions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj0829. [PMID: 34788085 PMCID: PMC8597997 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj0829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrialization is an extreme physiological adaptation by which African lungfish survive dry seasons. For months and up to several years, lungfish live inside a dry mucus cocoon that protects them from desiccation. Light and electron microscopy reveal that the lungfish cocoon is a living tissue that traps bacteria. Transcriptomic analyses identify a global state of inflammation in the terrestrialized lungfish skin characterized by granulocyte recruitment. Recruited granulocytes transmigrate into the cocoon where they release extracellular traps. In vivo DNase I surface spraying during terrestrialization results in dysbiosis, septicemia, skin wounds, and hemorrhages. Thus, lungfish have evolved unique immunological adaptations to protect their bodies from infection for extended periods of time while living on land. Trapping bacteria outside their bodies may benefit estivating vertebrates that undergo metabolic torpor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Darby Heimroth
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Biology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Elisa Casadei
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Biology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Ottavia Benedicenti
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Biology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Chris Tsuyoshi Amemiya
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Pilar Muñoz
- Department of Animal Health, Campus de Espinardo, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Irene Salinas
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Biology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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22
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Ijaz A, Veldhuizen EJA, Broere F, Rutten VPMG, Jansen CA. The Interplay between Salmonella and Intestinal Innate Immune Cells in Chickens. Pathogens 2021; 10:1512. [PMID: 34832668 PMCID: PMC8618210 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonellosis is a common infection in poultry, which results in huge economic losses in the poultry industry. At the same time, Salmonella infections are a threat to public health, since contaminated poultry products can lead to zoonotic infections. Antibiotics as feed additives have proven to be an effective prophylactic option to control Salmonella infections, but due to resistance issues in humans and animals, the use of antimicrobials in food animals has been banned in Europe. Hence, there is an urgent need to look for alternative strategies that can protect poultry against Salmonella infections. One such alternative could be to strengthen the innate immune system in young chickens in order to prevent early life infections. This can be achieved by administration of immune modulating molecules that target innate immune cells, for example via feed, or by in-ovo applications. We aimed to review the innate immune system in the chicken intestine; the main site of Salmonella entrance, and its responsiveness to Salmonella infection. Identifying the most important players in the innate immune response in the intestine is a first step in designing targeted approaches for immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Ijaz
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.I.); (E.J.A.V.); (F.B.); (V.P.M.G.R.)
| | - Edwin J. A. Veldhuizen
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.I.); (E.J.A.V.); (F.B.); (V.P.M.G.R.)
| | - Femke Broere
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.I.); (E.J.A.V.); (F.B.); (V.P.M.G.R.)
| | - Victor P. M. G. Rutten
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.I.); (E.J.A.V.); (F.B.); (V.P.M.G.R.)
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa
| | - Christine A. Jansen
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, De Elst 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Haute GV, Luft C, Pedrazza L, Donadio MVF, de Oliveira JR. Octyl gallate decrease lymphocyte activation and regulates neutrophil extracellular traps release. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:1593-1599. [PMID: 34783987 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06937-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a complex mechanism with an objective to destroy and eliminate the invading microorganisms. During acute inflammation, the neutrophils are the major cells involved in this process and, although they defend the organism, must die to not generate damage. The two major mechanisms that drive neutrophils to death are: apoptosis and a novel mechanism recently discovered denominated NETosis. This process is a "suicidal mechanism", in which the cells release "neutrophil extracellular traps" (NETs) during the inflammatory response. Octyl gallate (OG) is one of the gallic acid derivates, with several protective effects, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in cancer models. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the action of OG on the proliferation of lymphocytes, neutrophils activation, and its effectiveness in an experimental sepsis model. METHODS Lymphocytes and neutrophils were obtained from healthy donors. Cell viability, apoptosis, NETs release and antioxidant capacity of OG were observed. In addition, survival was evaluated in an experimental model of sepsis in C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS Our study demonstrated, for the first time, that the OG can act as an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, NETs formation in primary human neutrophils and, modulates the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) effect in neutrophil apoptosis. The OG also inhibited peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) proliferation in vitro. Despite the positive results, we did not observe an increase in the survival of septic animals. CONCLUSIONS The pharmacological potential of OG, modulating activation of neutrophils and lymphocytes, suggests the use as an adjuvant therapeutic strategy in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Viegas Haute
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12, bloco C, sala 221, Porto Alegre, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Luft
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12, bloco C, sala 221, Porto Alegre, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Respirologia Pediátrica, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas (IPB), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Pedrazza
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12, bloco C, sala 221, Porto Alegre, CEP 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Vinícius Fagundes Donadio
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12, bloco C, sala 221, Porto Alegre, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Respirologia Pediátrica, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas (IPB), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jarbas Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, prédio 12, bloco C, sala 221, Porto Alegre, CEP 90619-900, Brazil.
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24
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Wu Z, Li P, Tian Y, Ouyang W, Ho JWY, Alam HB, Li Y. Peptidylarginine Deiminase 2 in Host Immunity: Current Insights and Perspectives. Front Immunol 2021; 12:761946. [PMID: 34804050 PMCID: PMC8599989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.761946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are a group of enzymes that catalyze post-translational modifications of proteins by converting arginine residues into citrullines. Among the five members of the PAD family, PAD2 and PAD4 are the most frequently studied because of their abundant expression in immune cells. An increasing number of studies have identified PAD2 as an essential factor in the pathogenesis of many diseases. The successes of preclinical research targeting PAD2 highlights the therapeutic potential of PAD2 inhibition, particularly in sepsis and autoimmune diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms by which PAD2 mediates host immunity remain largely unknown. In this review, we will discuss the role of PAD2 in different types of cell death signaling pathways and the related immune disorders contrasted with functions of PAD4, providing novel therapeutic strategies for PAD2-associated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya 2 Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Patrick Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Department of Internal Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yuzi Tian
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenlu Ouyang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya 2 Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jessie Wai-Yan Ho
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hasan B. Alam
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yongqing Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,*Correspondence: Yongqing Li,
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25
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Freitas-Mesquita AL, Meyer-Fernandes JR. Stage-Specific Class I Nucleases of Leishmania Play Important Roles in Parasite Infection and Survival. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:769933. [PMID: 34722348 PMCID: PMC8554303 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.769933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Protozoans of the genus Leishmania are the causative agents of an important neglected tropical disease referred to as leishmaniasis. During their lifecycle, the parasites can colonize the alimentary tract of the sand fly vector and the parasitophorous vacuole of the mammalian host, differentiating into distinct stages. Motile promastigotes are found in the sand fly vector and are transmitted to the mammalian host during the insect blood meal. Once in the vertebrate host, the parasites differentiate into amastigotes and multiply inside macrophages. To successfully establish infection in mammalian hosts, Leishmania parasites exhibit various strategies to impair the microbicidal power of the host immune system. In this context, stage-specific class I nucleases play different and important roles related to parasite growth, survival and development. Promastigotes express 3’-nucleotidase/nuclease (3’-NT/NU), an ectoenzyme that can promote parasite escape from neutrophil extracellular traps (NET)-mediated death through extracellular DNA hydrolysis and increase Leishmania-macrophage interactions due to extracellular adenosine generation. Amastigotes express secreted nuclease activity during the course of human infection that may be involved in the purine salvage pathway and can mobilize extracellular nucleic acids available far from the parasite. Another nuclease expressed in amastigotes (P4/LmC1N) is located in the endoplasmic reticulum of the parasite and may be involved in mRNA stability and DNA repair. Homologs of this class I nuclease can induce protection against infection by eliciting a T helper 1-like immune response. These immunogenic properties render these nucleases good targets for the development of vaccines against leishmaniasis, mainly because amastigotes are the form responsible for the development and progression of the disease. The present review aims to present and discuss the roles played by different class I nucleases during the Leishmania lifecycle, especially regarding the establishment of mammalian host infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Leocadio Freitas-Mesquita
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Meyer-Fernandes
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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26
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Campoccia D, Montanaro L, Arciola CR. Tracing the origins of extracellular DNA in bacterial biofilms: story of death and predation to community benefit. BIOFOULING 2021; 37:1022-1039. [PMID: 34823431 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.2002987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular DNA (eDNA) is a macromolecule copiously found in various natural microenvironments, but its origin and significance still remain partly mysterious phenomena. Here, the multifaceted origins of eDNA in bacterial biofilms are explored. The release of eDNA can follow a suicidal programmed bacterial apoptosis or a fratricide-induced death, under the control of quorum sensing systems or triggered by specific stressors. eDNA can be released into the extracellular space or as a free macromolecule or enclosed within membrane vesicles or even through an explosion of bubbles. eDNA can also be derived from host tissue cells through bacterial cytolytic/proapoptotic toxins or stolen from neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). eDNA can alternatively be produced by lysis-independent mechanisms. Sub-inhibitory doses of antibiotics, by killing a fraction of bacteria, result in stimulating the release of eDNA. Even phages appear to play a role in favoring eDNA release. Unveiling the origins of eDNA is critical to correctly address biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Campoccia
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all'Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucio Montanaro
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all'Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carla Renata Arciola
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all'Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Miyabe Y, Kobayashi Y, Fukuchi M, Saga A, Moritoki Y, Saga T, Akuthota P, Ueki S. Eosinophil-mediated inflammation in the absence of eosinophilia. Asia Pac Allergy 2021; 11:e30. [PMID: 34386406 PMCID: PMC8331253 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2021.11.e30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase of eosinophil levels is a hallmark of type-2 inflammation. Blood eosinophil counts act as a convenient biomarker for asthma phenotyping and the selection of biologics, and they are even used as a prognostic factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019. However, the circulating eosinophil count does not always reflect tissue eosinophilia and vice versa. The mismatch of blood and tissue eosinophilia can be seen in various clinical settings. For example, blood eosinophil levels in patients with acute eosinophilic pneumonia are often within normal range despite the marked symptoms and increased number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Histological studies using immunostaining for eosinophil granule proteins have revealed the extracellular deposition of granule proteins coincident with pathological conditions, even in the absence of a significant eosinophil infiltrate. The marked deposition of eosinophil granule proteins in tissue is often associated with cytolytic degranulation. Recent studies have indicated that extracellular trap cell death (ETosis) is a major mechanism of cytolysis. Cytolytic ETosis is a total cell degranulation in which cytoplasmic and nuclear contents, including DNA and histones that act as alarmins, are also released. In the present review, eosinophil-mediated inflammation in such mismatch conditions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Miyabe
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kobayashi
- Airway Disease Section, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.,Allergy Center, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Mineyo Fukuchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akiko Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomoo Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Praveen Akuthota
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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Xie L, Ma Y, Opsomer G, Pascottini OB, Guan Y, Dong Q. Neutrophil extracellular traps in cattle health and disease. Res Vet Sci 2021; 139:4-10. [PMID: 34217982 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils largely contribute to the first line of defense against the invasion of pathogens. They kill pathogens basically by the following mechanisms: phagocytosis and proteolytic degradation, the release of enzymes with bactericidal activities, and the production of fibers to entrap pathogens, also known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs capture pathogens as a mechanism of immune protection and have been studied in-depth in various fields of human medicine. However, research about NETs in cattle is relatively scarce. The present article reviews the generation mechanisms, structural composition, signal pathways, advantages (and disadvantages) of NETs, and summarizes the latest findings of NETs in cattle health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yixiong Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Geert Opsomer
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Yandong Guan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Qiang Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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Gallani SU, Valladão GMR, Alves LDO, Jesus RBD, Kotzent S, Hashimoto DT, Wiegertjes G, Pilarski F. ETosis in tambaqui Colossoma macropomum: A programmed cell death pathway and approach of leukocytes immune response. Microb Pathog 2021; 155:104918. [PMID: 33930420 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Tambaqui Colossoma macropomum is the most cultivated native fish in South America and Aeromonas hydrophila is one of the main bacteria infecting tropical fish. Despite the economic importance of this round fish, to date, there has been a paucity of investigations into haematological changes in tambaqui. In this study, detailed blood analyses (0 h, 6 h, 24 h, 7 d and 14 d) following intraperitoneal challenge with A. hydrophila were performed. After analysing the results, there was a suspicion of a novel cell death mechanism via extracellular traps (ETosis) in tambaqui. The search for ETosis was based on differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assays through application of an adapted protocol applying co-incubation of leukocytes with A. hydrophila. The cells were investigated at: 0 h (control), 4 h and 7 h after incubation. The complete haemogram profile showed an uncommon severe leukopenia in early phases of infection (6 h, p < 0.001 and ≤ 0.05), due to significant decreases in the three main leukocytes: lymphocytes (6 h, p ≤ 0.001), monocytes (6 h, p ≤ 0.05) and neutrophils (6 h and 24 h, p ≤ 0.01 and p ≤ 0.05). Leucocytosis and lymphocytosis (p ≤ 0.01) were ascertained only 7 days post-infection. Through DIC and SEM, we discovered that leukocyte suicide exposed the nuclear contents between 4 and 7 h after stimuli with bacteria. The leukogram profile associated with DIC and SEM analyses suggested that tambaqui leukocytes underwent a programmed death (ETosis) in order to expose chromatin and granule proteins as a trap to bind and then kill bacteria; thus, preventing A. hydrophila from spreading and resulting in leukopenia during the early phase of bacterial infection. In this paper, we presume that ETosis is one of the last resources for tambaqui to contain the infection, and after this leukocyte strategy, a high number of phagocytic cells are produced and released into the peripheral circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Umeda Gallani
- Nilton Lins University (UNL), Laboratory of Microbiology Applied to Aquatic Organisms, Amazonas, 69058-030, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Moraes Ramos Valladão
- Nilton Lins University (UNL), Laboratory of Parasitology and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms, Amazonas, 69058-030, Brazil.
| | - Lindomar de Oliveira Alves
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Aquaculture Center of UNESP, Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Raphael Barbetta de Jesus
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Aquaculture Center of UNESP, Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Suzana Kotzent
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Aquaculture Center of UNESP, Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Diogo Teruo Hashimoto
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Aquaculture Center of UNESP, Laboratory of Aquaculture Genetics and Conservation, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Geert Wiegertjes
- Wageningen University & Research (WUR), Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen, 6708WD, the Netherlands.
| | - Fabiana Pilarski
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Aquaculture Center of UNESP, Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
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Kargapolova Y, Geißen S, Zheng R, Baldus S, Winkels H, Adam M. The Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Function of Myeloperoxidase (MPO) in Inflammatory Communication. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040562. [PMID: 33916434 PMCID: PMC8066882 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase is a signature enzyme of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in mice and humans. Being a component of circulating white blood cells, myeloperoxidase plays multiple roles in various organs and tissues and facilitates their crosstalk. Here, we describe the current knowledge on the tissue- and lineage-specific expression of myeloperoxidase, its well-studied enzymatic activity and incoherently understood non-enzymatic role in various cell types and tissues. Further, we elaborate on Myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the complex context of cardiovascular disease, innate and autoimmune response, development and progression of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Zheng Y, Zhu Y, Liu X, Zheng H, Yang Y, Lu Y, Zhou H, Zheng J, Dong Z. The screening of albumin as a key serum component in preventing release of neutrophil extracellular traps by selectively inhibiting mitochondrial ROS generation. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:427-438. [PMID: 32799676 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular DNA webs released from neutrophils to mediate the host antimicrobial defense. As NETs could also induce thrombosis and cause organ injury, their release should be strictly controlled; however, the intrinsic mechanisms that prevent unfavorable NETs are not well understood. Herein, an accidental finding of NET release from human peripheral neutrophils was first described in a serum-free culture, which was later determined to be a conserved NET prevention effect of serum. In contrast to canonical NETs induced by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), NET formation by serum-free culture was rapid and without prevalent NETosis. Next, albumin was screened out as a key serum component that mediated the suppression of NETs. Moreover, NETs induced upon serum or albumin deficiency were independent of the canonical pathway that involves NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) activation and cytosol reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Instead, the generation of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) was upregulated to promote NET release. Albumin exhibited mtROS scavenging activity and thus inhibited NETs. Serum-free culture also induced the release of NET-bound oxidized mtDNA, which stimulated interferon-β (IFN-β) production. Overall, our research provides new evidence that characterizes the NET production in serum-free culture and determines the mechanisms by which serum albumin inhibits NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hang Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yongjun Yang
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yongling Lu
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhi Dong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Piscirickettsia salmonis-Triggered Extracellular Traps Formation as an Innate Immune Response of Atlantic Salmon-Derived Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10030206. [PMID: 33803375 PMCID: PMC7999065 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Within innate immunity, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are the most abundant leukocyte population. Alongside PMN, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils are also known to exist. All of them can release extracellular traps (ETs), a complex web-like structure composed of chromatin decorated with nuclear histones, granular enzymes, peptides, and proteins, to firmly entrap invasive pathogens, thereby slowing dissemination and helping to develop proper immune responses against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. Here, we showed for the first time that Atlantic salmon-derived PMN released ETs-like structures in vitro, in response to highly pathogenic facultative intracellular rickettsial bacteria Piscirickettsia salmonis. The release of ET-like structures from PMN could be a new alternative to improve farmed salmon’s defense against pathogens. Abstract Extracellular traps (ETs) are webs of DNA, citrullinated histones, anti-microbial peptides, and proteins that were not previously reported in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). ETs are mainly released from polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and are considered a novel PMN-derived effector mechanism against different invasive pathogens. Here, we showed that Atlantic salmon-derived PMN released ETs-like structures in vitro in response to highly pathogenic facultative intracellular rickettsial bacteria Piscirickettsia salmonis. PMN were isolated from pre-smolt Atlantic salmon and stimulated in vitro with oleic acid and P. salmonis. Extracellular DNA was measured using the PicoGreen™ dye, while immunofluorescence image analysis was used to confirm the classical components of salmonid-extruded ETs. Future studies are required to better understand the role of Atlantic salmon-derived ETs orchestrating innate/adaptive immunity and the knowledge on regulation pathways involved in this cell death process. Thus, comprehension of salmonid-derived ETs against P. salmonis might represent novel alternative strategies to improve host innate defense mechanisms of farmed salmon against closely related rickettsial bacteria, as a complement to disease prevention and control strategies.
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Svistushkin VM, Nikiforova GN, Vorobjeva NV, Dekhanov AS, Dagil YA, Bredova OY, Eremeeva KV. [Neutrophil extracellular traps in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2021; 86:105-112. [PMID: 34964339 DOI: 10.17116/otorino202186061105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The review presents the current understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis. The causes of damage to the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses are most often the result of a combination of immunological, infectious and anatomical factors. This indicates the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the study of the pathogenesis of this pathology. There is no single universally recognized classification of chronic rhinosinusitis, which takes into account histological and immunological changes in the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses. The discovery of the mechanism of completion of the life cycle of neutrophils - the formation of a neutrophil extracellular trap or NETosis, different from necrosis and apoptosis, opened up new prospects in the study of the pathogenesis of inflammatory processes, including rhinosinusitis. Neutrophil extracellular traps reduce the permeability of the epithelial barrier in the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses. This determines their possible role in the etiopathogenesis of rhinosinusitis. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of therapy that affects the immune component of the inflammatory process, including NETosis. The data obtained in the study of extracellular traps can be used in clinical practice. It is neutrophil extracellular traps that can become a potential target in the treatment of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Svistushkin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - G N Nikiforova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A S Dekhanov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - K V Eremeeva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Mechanisms and biomarkers of cancer-associated thrombosis. Transl Res 2020; 225:33-53. [PMID: 32645431 PMCID: PMC8020882 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated thrombosis is a leading cause of non-cancer death in cancer patients and is comprised of both arterial and venous thromboembolism (VTE). There are multiple risk factors for developing VTE, including cancer type, stage, treatment, and other medical comorbidities, which suggests that the etiology of thrombosis is multifactorial. While cancer-associated thrombosis can be treated with anticoagulation, benefits of therapy must be balanced with the increased bleeding risks seen in patients with cancer. Although risk models exist for primary and recurrent VTE, additional predictors are needed to improve model performance and discrimination of high-risk patients. This review will outline the diverse mechanisms driving thrombosis in cancer patients, as well as provide an overview of biomarkers studied in thrombosis risk and important considerations when selecting candidate biomarkers.
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Koh CC, Wardini AB, Vieira M, Passos LSA, Martinelli PM, Neves EGA, Antonelli LRDV, Barbosa DF, Velikkakam T, Gutseit E, Menezes GB, Giunchetti RC, Machado PRL, Carvalho EM, Gollob KJ, Dutra WO. Human CD8+ T Cells Release Extracellular Traps Co-Localized With Cytotoxic Vesicles That Are Associated With Lesion Progression and Severity in Human Leishmaniasis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:594581. [PMID: 33117407 PMCID: PMC7578246 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.594581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death plays a fundamental role in mounting protective and pathogenic immunity. Etosis is a cell death mechanism defined by the release of extracellular traps (ETs), which can foster inflammation and exert microbicidal activity. While etosis is often associated with innate cells, recent studies showed that B cells and CD4+ T cells can release ETs. Here we investigate whether CD8+ T cells can also release ETs, which might be related to cytotoxicity and tissue pathology. To these ends, we first employed an in vitro system stimulating human CD8+ T cells isolated from healthy volunteers with anti-CD3/anti-CD28. Using time-frame video, confocal and electron microscopy, we demonstrate that human CD8+ T cells release ETs upon stimulation (herein LETs – lymphocyte extracellular traps), which display unique morphology and functional characteristics. CD8+ T cell-derived LETs form long strands that co-localize with CD107a, a marker of vesicles containing cytotoxic granules. In addition, these structures connect the LET-releasing cell to other neighboring cells, often resulting in cell death. After demonstrating the release of LETs by human CD8+ T cells in vitro, we went on to study the occurrence of CD8-derived LETs in a human disease setting. Thus, we evaluated the occurrence of CD8-derived LETs in lesions from patients with human tegumentary leishmaniasis, where CD8+ T cells play a key role in mediating pathology. In addition, we evaluated the association of these structures with the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate in early and late cutaneous, as well as in mucosal leishmaniasis lesions. We demonstrated that progression and severity of debilitating and mutilating forms of human tegumentary leishmaniasis are associated with the frequency of CD8+ T cells in etosis, as well as the occurrence of CD8-derived LETs carrying CD107a+ vesicles in the lesions. We propose that CD8+ T cell derived LETs may serve as a tool for delivering cytotoxic vesicles to distant target cells, providing insights into mechanisms of CD8+ T cell mediated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cattoni Koh
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Amanda B Wardini
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Millene Vieira
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Livia S A Passos
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Massara Martinelli
- Laboratório Profa. Conceição Machado, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eula Graciele A Neves
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lis Riberido do Vale Antonelli
- Laboratório de Biologia e Imunologia de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Instituto René Rachou, FIOCRUZ-MG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniela Faria Barbosa
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Teresiama Velikkakam
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Gutseit
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gustavo B Menezes
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Lima Machado
- Serviço de Imunologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, INCT-DT, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Edgar M Carvalho
- Serviço de Imunologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, INCT-DT, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Kenneth J Gollob
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, INCT-DT, Salvador, Brazil.,International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walderez Ornelas Dutra
- Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais, INCT-DT, Salvador, Brazil
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Therapeutic Potential of Cathelicidin Peptide LL-37, an Antimicrobial Agent, in a Murine Sepsis Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21175973. [PMID: 32825174 PMCID: PMC7503894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the mechanisms put-up by the host to defend against invading microorganisms, antimicrobial peptides represent the first line. In different species of mammals, the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides AMPs has been identified, and in humans, LL-37 is the only type of cathelicidin identified. LL-37 has many different biological activities, such as regulation of responses to inflammation, besides its lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-neutralizing and antimicrobial and activities. Recently, employing a murine septic model that involves cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), we examined the effect of LL-37. The results indicated that LL-37 exhibits multiple protective actions on septic mice; firstly, the survival of CLP mice was found to be improved by LL-37 by the suppression of the macrophage pyroptosis that induces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1β) and augments inflammatory reactions in sepsis; secondly, the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which have potent bactericidal activity, is enhanced by LL-37, and protects mice from CLP-induced sepsis; thirdly, LL-37 stimulates neutrophils to release antimicrobial microvesicles (ectosomes), which improve the pathological condition of sepsis. These findings indicate that LL-37 protects CLP septic mice through at least three mechanisms, i.e., the suppression of pro-inflammatory macrophage pyroptosis and the release of antimicrobial NETs (induction of NETosis) and ectosomes from neutrophils. Thus, LL-37 can be a potential therapeutic candidate for sepsis due to its multiple properties, including the modulation of cell death (pyroptosis and NETosis) and the release of antimicrobial NETs and ectosomes as well as its own bactericidal and LPS-neutralizing activities.
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Auguste M, Balbi T, Ciacci C, Canesi L. Conservation of Cell Communication Systems in Invertebrate Host-Defence Mechanisms: Possible Role in Immunity and Disease. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E234. [PMID: 32824821 PMCID: PMC7464772 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Innate immunity is continuously revealing multiple and highly conserved host-defence mechanisms. Studies on mammalian immunocytes are showing different communication systems that may play a role in coordinating innate immune responses also in invertebrates. Extracellular traps (ETs) are an immune response by which cells release net-like material, including DNA, histones and proteins. ETs are thought to immobilise and kill microorganisms, but are also involved in inflammation and autoimmune disease. Immune cells are also known to communicate through extracellular vesicles secreted in the extracellular environment or exosomes, which can carry a variety of different signalling molecules. Tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs) represent a direct cell-to-cell communication over a long distance, that allow for bi- or uni-directional transfer of cellular components between cells. Their functional role in a number of physio-pathological processes, including immune responses and pathogen transfer, has been underlined. Although ETs, exosomes, and TNTs have been described in invertebrate species, their possible role in immune responses is not fully understood. In this work, available data on these communication systems are summarised, in an attempt to provide basic information for further studies on their relevance in invertebrate immunity and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Auguste
- Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16136 Genoa, Italy; (M.A.); (T.B.)
| | - Teresa Balbi
- Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16136 Genoa, Italy; (M.A.); (T.B.)
| | - Caterina Ciacci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DIBS), University “Carlo Bo” of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Laura Canesi
- Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16136 Genoa, Italy; (M.A.); (T.B.)
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Alizadehgharib S, Östberg AK, Dahlstrand Rudin A, Dahlgren U, Christenson K. The effects of the dental methacrylates TEGDMA, Bis-GMA, and UDMA on neutrophils in vitro. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:439-447. [PMID: 32543782 PMCID: PMC7453771 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The prevalent usage of methacrylates in modern dentistry demands good knowledge of their biological impacts. While there have been several studies demonstrating the effects of different methacrylic monomers on mononuclear white blood cells, very little is known about the effects caused by these monomers on neutrophilic granulocytes. The objective of this study was to add novel knowledge about how neutrophils are affected by exposure to triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), and bisphenol A glycol dimethacrylate (Bis‐GMA) alone or in combinations. Materials and Methods Isolated neutrophils were cultured in the presence or absence of methacrylates. The IL‐8 release was measured using a DuoSet ELISA development kit. Apoptosis and necrosis were analyzed using flow cytometry. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) was investigated using Sytox green DNA staining combined with microscopically examination of released DNA and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Results The release of IL‐8 was significantly increased after exposure to TEGDMA, Bis‐GMA, UDMA, or TEGDMA in combination with Bis‐GMA or UDMA compared to the unstimulated controls. Exposure to TEGDMA, UDMA, and Bis‐GMA for 24 hr separately or in combination did not affect apoptosis or necrosis of the exposed neutrophils. NET structures were formed by neutrophils after exposure to the different combinations of the methacrylates. Conclusion The combination of TEGDMA and Bis‐GMA had a synergistic proinflammatory effect on neutrophils by increasing the release of IL‐8 and the formation of NET structures. The changes in the normal functions of neutrophils caused by methacrylate exposure may lead to altered inflammatory response and relate to previously reported adverse immune reactions caused by these substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alizadehgharib
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ann-Karin Östberg
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Agnes Dahlstrand Rudin
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf Dahlgren
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Christenson
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Linhares-Lacerda L, Temerozo JR, Ribeiro-Alves M, Azevedo EP, Mojoli A, Nascimento MTC, Silva-Oliveira G, Savino W, Foguel D, Bou-Habib DC, Saraiva EM. Neutrophil extracellular trap-enriched supernatants carry microRNAs able to modulate TNF-α production by macrophages. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2715. [PMID: 32066757 PMCID: PMC7026108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59486-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) emerge from the cell as a DNA scaffold associated with cytoplasmic and granular proteins, able to immobilize and kill pathogens. This association occurs following nuclear and granular membrane disintegration, allowing contact with the decondensed chromatin. Thus, it is reasonable to speculate that the DNA can also mix with miRNAs and carry them in NETs. Here, we report for the first time the presence of the miRNA carriers associated with NETs and miRNAs present in NET-enriched supernatants (NET-miRs), thus adding a novel class of molecules and new proteins that can be released and transported in the NET platform. We observed that the majority of NET-miRs were common to all four stimuli used (PMA, interleukin-8, amyloid fibrils and Leishmania), and that miRNA-142-3p carried by NETs down-modulates protein kinase Cα and regulates TNF-α production in macrophages upon NET interaction with these cells. Our findings unveil a novel role for NETs in the cell communication processes, allowing the conveyance of miRNA from neutrophils to neighboring cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandra Linhares-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Jairo Ramos Temerozo
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Research Center, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Estefania P Azevedo
- Instituto de Bioquimica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Brazil
| | - Andres Mojoli
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michelle T C Nascimento
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Bioquimica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Silva-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wilson Savino
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Debora Foguel
- Instituto de Bioquimica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Brazil
| | - Dumith Chequer Bou-Habib
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvira M Saraiva
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis, Department of Immunology, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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40
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Granger V, Peyneau M, Chollet-Martin S, de Chaisemartin L. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Autoimmunity and Allergy: Immune Complexes at Work. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2824. [PMID: 31849989 PMCID: PMC6901596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been initially described as main actors in host defense owing to their ability to immobilize and sometimes kill microorganisms. Subsequent studies have demonstrated their implication in the pathophysiology of various diseases, due to the toxic effects of their main components on surrounding tissues. Several distinct NETosis pathways have been described in response to various triggers. Among these triggers, IgG immune complexes (IC) play an important role since they induce robust NET release upon binding to activating FcγRs on neutrophils. Few in vitro studies have documented the mechanisms of IC-induced NET release and evidence about the partners involved is controversial. In vivo, animal models and clinical studies have strongly suggested the importance of IgG IC-induced NET release for autoimmunity and anaphylaxis. In this review, we will focus on two autoimmune diseases in which NETs are undoubtedly major players, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We will also discuss anaphylaxis as another example of disease recently associated with IC-induced NET release. Understanding the role of IC-induced NETs in these settings will pave the way for new diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Granger
- Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Auto-immunité et Hypersensibilités, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Inflammation Chimiokines et Immunopathologie, INSERM UMR996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Marine Peyneau
- Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Auto-immunité et Hypersensibilités, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Inflammation Chimiokines et Immunopathologie, INSERM UMR996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Sylvie Chollet-Martin
- Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Auto-immunité et Hypersensibilités, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Inflammation Chimiokines et Immunopathologie, INSERM UMR996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Luc de Chaisemartin
- Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Auto-immunité et Hypersensibilités, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Inflammation Chimiokines et Immunopathologie, INSERM UMR996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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41
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Extracellular DNA traps in inflammation, injury and healing. Nat Rev Nephrol 2019; 15:559-575. [PMID: 31213698 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-019-0163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Following strong activation signals, several types of immune cells reportedly release chromatin and granular proteins into the extracellular space, forming DNA traps. This process is especially prominent in neutrophils but also occurs in other innate immune cells such as macrophages, eosinophils, basophils and mast cells. Initial reports demonstrated that extracellular traps belong to the bactericidal and anti-fungal armamentarium of leukocytes, but subsequent studies also linked trap formation to a variety of human diseases. These pathological roles of extracellular DNA traps are now the focus of intensive biomedical research. The type of pathology associated with the release of extracellular DNA traps is mainly determined by the site of trap formation and the way in which these traps are further processed. Targeting the formation of aberrant extracellular DNA traps or promoting their efficient clearance are attractive goals for future therapeutic interventions, but the manifold actions of extracellular DNA traps complicate these approaches.
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42
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Neutrophil properties in healthy and Leishmania infantum-naturally infected dogs. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6247. [PMID: 31000764 PMCID: PMC6472404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis is a chronic disease that affects humans and dogs as well. Dogs, the domestic reservoir of Leishmania, play a central role in the transmission of visceral leishmaniasis, the most severe form of this disease. Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in blood and interact with the parasite after infection. Here, we evaluate the effector properties of neutrophils from healthy and naturally Leishmania infantum-infected dogs. Our results showed that the parasite induced neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release from neutrophils in both groups. Additionally, phagocytosis and NETs contributed differently to parasite killing by neutrophils from healthy and infected animals, and IFN-γ, IL-8, IL-4 and TNF-α production by neutrophils from both groups were differentially modulated by the parasite. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the complex role played by neutrophils in canine visceral leishmaniasis, which may favor the development of more effective therapies.
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43
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Glutamine Therapy Reduces Inflammation and Extracellular Trap Release in Experimental Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome of Pulmonary Origin. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040831. [PMID: 31013737 PMCID: PMC6520877 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Glutamine (Gln) decreases lung inflammation in experimental ARDS, but its impact on the formation of extracellular traps (ETs) in the lung is unknown. In a mouse model of endotoxin-induced pulmonary ARDS, the effects of Gln treatment on leukocyte counts and ET content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammatory profile in lung tissue, and lung morphofunction were evaluated in vivo. Furthermore, ET formation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were tested in vitro. Our in vivo results demonstrated that Gln treatment reduced ET release (as indicated by cell-free-DNA content and myeloperoxidase activity), decreased lung inflammation (reductions in interferon-γ and increases in interleukin-10 levels), and improved lung morpho-function (decreased static lung elastance and alveolar collapse) in comparison with ARDS animals treated with saline. Moreover, Gln reduced ET and ROS formation in BALF cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide in vitro, but it did not alter GPx or GR activity. In this model of endotoxin-induced pulmonary ARDS, treatment with Gln reduced pulmonary functional and morphological impairment, inflammation, and ET release in the lung.
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44
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Neutrophils: back in the thrombosis spotlight. Blood 2019; 133:2186-2197. [PMID: 30898858 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-10-862243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive and clonal neutrophil expansion has been associated with thrombosis, suggesting that neutrophils play a role in this process. However, although there is no doubt that activated monocytes trigger coagulation in a tissue factor-dependent manner, it remains uncertain whether stimulated neutrophils can also directly activate coagulation. After more than a decade of debate, it is now largely accepted that normal human neutrophils do not synthetize tissue factor, the initiator of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation. However, neutrophils may passively acquire tissue factor from monocytes. Recently, the contact system, which initiates coagulation via the intrinsic pathway, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. After the recent description of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release by activated neutrophils, some animal models of thrombosis have demonstrated that coagulation may be enhanced by direct NET-dependent activation of the contact system. However, there is currently no consensus on how to assess or quantify NETosis in vivo, and other experimental animal models have failed to demonstrate a role for neutrophils in thrombogenesis. Nevertheless, it is likely that NETs can serve to localize other circulating coagulation components and can also promote vessel occlusion independent of fibrin formation. This article provides a critical appraisal of the possible roles of neutrophils in thrombosis and highlights some existing knowledge gaps regarding the procoagulant activities of neutrophil-derived extracellular chromatin and its molecular components. A better understanding of these mechanisms could guide future approaches to prevent and/or treat thrombosis.
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45
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de Martino M, Lodi L, Galli L, Chiappini E. Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Narrative Review. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:350. [PMID: 31508399 PMCID: PMC6718705 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The encounter between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and the host leads to a complex and multifaceted immune response possibly resulting in latent infection, tubercular disease or to the complete clearance of the pathogen. Macrophages and CD4+ T lymphocytes, together with granuloma formation, are traditionally considered the pillars of immune defense against Mtb and their role stands out clearly. However, there is no component of the immune system that does not take part in the response to this pathogen. On the other side, Mtb displays a complex artillery of immune-escaping mechanisms capable of responding in an equally varied manner. In addition, the role of each cellular line has become discussed and uncertain further than ever before. Each defense mechanism is based on a subtle balance that, if altered, can lean to one side to favor Mtb proliferation, resulting in disease progression and on the other to the host tissue damage by the immune system itself. Through a brief and complete overview of the role of each cell type involved in the Mtb response, we aimed to highlight the main literature reviews and the most relevant studies in order to facilitate the approach to such a complex and changeable topic. In conclusion, this narrative mini-review summarizes the various immunologic mechanisms which modulate the individual ability to fight Mtb infection taking in account the major host and pathogen determinants in the susceptibility to tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorenzo Lodi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luisa Galli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Chiappini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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46
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Rayner BS, Zhang Y, Brown BE, Reyes L, Cogger VC, Hawkins CL. Role of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and other inflammatory mediators in the induction of macrophage extracellular trap formation. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:25-34. [PMID: 30189264 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The infiltration of activated leukocytes, including macrophages, at sites of inflammation and the formation and presence of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) are interlinked hallmarks of many debilitating disease processes, including atherosclerosis, arthritis, neurological and renal disease, diabetes and obesity. The production of extracellular traps by activated leukocytes in response to a range of inflammatory stimuli is increasingly recognised as an important process within a range of disease settings. We show that exposure of human monocyte-derived macrophages to pathophysiological levels of HOCl results in the dose-dependent extrusion of DNA and histones into the cellular supernatant, consistent with extracellular trap formation. Concurrent with, but independent of these findings, macrophage exposure to HOCl also resulted in an immediate and sustained cytosolic accumulation of Ca2+, culminating in the increased production of cytokines and chemokines. Polarisation of the macrophages prior to HOCl exposure revealed a greater propensity for inflammatory M1 macrophages to produce extracellular traps, whereas alternatively-activated M2 macrophages were less susceptible to HOCl insult. M1 macrophages also produced extracellular traps on exposure to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα). Taken together, these data indicate a potential role for macrophages in mediating extracellular trap formation, which may be relevant in pathological conditions characterised by chronic inflammation or excessive HOCl formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S Rayner
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Yunjia Zhang
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Bronwyn E Brown
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Leila Reyes
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Victoria C Cogger
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Clare L Hawkins
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N DK-2200, Denmark.
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47
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Fei L, Zhengkai W, Weina J, Lili C, Yuhang G, Zhengtao Y, Jianhua L, Biao Y, Xichen Z, Pengtao G. Trichomonas vaginalis triggers the release of THP-1 extracellular traps. Parasitol Res 2018; 118:267-274. [PMID: 30426227 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis is responsible for the prevalence of trichomoniasis, which may be one of the most epidemic nonviral sexually transmitted pathogens. Extracellular traps (ET) are a unique form of innate immunity against infection; they bind to and kill microorganisms. However, the effect of T. vaginalis on ET release in the human monocytic cell line THP-1 remains unclear. In the present study, the morphology of ET derived from THP-1 in response to T. vaginalis was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrated ET entangling T. vaginalis. Then, the colocalization of histone (H3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) with DNA was observed via fluorescence confocal microscopy. Colocalization revealed the classic characteristics of DNA decorated with H3 and MPO. T. vaginalis significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and THP-1-derived ET. In addition, we measured the levels of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and the phosphorylation of the P38 and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathways. The results indicated that the formation of ET induced by T. vaginalis was related to phosphorylation of the P38 and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathways but not to LDH levels. These data confirmed the phenomenon of THP-1-derived ET being triggered by T. vaginalis in vitro; this process may play a pivotal role in innate immunity during defense against T. vaginalis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fei
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Wei Zhengkai
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jiang Weina
- Department of Pathology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Cao Lili
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.,Jilin Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Gao Yuhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yang Zhengtao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Li Jianhua
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yu Biao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Zhang Xichen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Gong Pengtao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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48
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Yao W, Chen J, Wu S, Han X, Guan J, Yuan D, Cai J, Hei Z. ONO-5046 suppresses reactive oxidative species-associated formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Life Sci 2018; 210:243-250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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49
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Mohareer K, Asalla S, Banerjee S. Cell death at the cross roads of host-pathogen interaction in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2018; 113:99-121. [PMID: 30514519 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be the leading cause of death by any single infectious agent, accounting for around 1.7 million annual deaths globally, despite several interventions and support programs by national and international agencies. With the development of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), there has been a paradigm shift in TB research towards host-directed therapy. The potential targets include the interactions between host and bacterial proteins that are crucial for pathogenesis. Hence, collective efforts are being made to understand the molecular details of host-pathogen interaction for possible translation into host-directed therapy. The present review focuses on 'host cell death modalities' of host-pathogen interaction, which play a crucial role in determining the outcome of TB disease progression. Several cell death modalities that occur in response to mycobacterial infection have been identified in human macrophages either as host defences for bacterial clearance or as pathogen strategies for multiplication and dissemination. These cell death modalities include apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, pyronecrosis, NETosis, and autophagy. These processes are highly overlapping with several mycobacterial proteins participating in more than one cell death pathway. Until now, reviews in M. tb and host cell death have discussed either focusing on host evasion strategies, apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis or describing all these forms with limited discussions of their role in host-pathogen interactions. Here, we present a comprehensive review of various mycobacterial factors modulating host cell death pathways and the cross-talk between them. Besides this, we have discussed the networking of host cell death pathways including the interference of host miRNA during M. tb infection with their respective targets. Through this review, we present the host targets that overlap across several cell death modalities and the technical limitations of methodology in cell death research. Given the compelling need to discover alternative drug target(s), this review identifies these overlapping cell death factors as potential targets for host-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnaveni Mohareer
- Molecular Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India-500046
| | - Suman Asalla
- Molecular Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India-500046
| | - Sharmistha Banerjee
- Molecular Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India-500046.
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50
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Burg D, Schofield JPR, Brandsma J, Staykova D, Folisi C, Bansal A, Nicholas B, Xian Y, Rowe A, Corfield J, Wilson S, Ward J, Lutter R, Fleming L, Shaw DE, Bakke PS, Caruso M, Dahlen SE, Fowler SJ, Hashimoto S, Horváth I, Howarth P, Krug N, Montuschi P, Sanak M, Sandström T, Singer F, Sun K, Pandis I, Auffray C, Sousa AR, Adcock IM, Chung KF, Sterk PJ, Djukanović R, Skipp PJ, The U-Biopred Study Group. Large-Scale Label-Free Quantitative Mapping of the Sputum Proteome. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2072-2091. [PMID: 29737851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of induced sputum supernatant is a minimally invasive approach to study the epithelial lining fluid and, thereby, provide insight into normal lung biology and the pathobiology of lung diseases. We present here a novel proteomics approach to sputum analysis developed within the U-BIOPRED (unbiased biomarkers predictive of respiratory disease outcomes) international project. We present practical and analytical techniques to optimize the detection of robust biomarkers in proteomic studies. The normal sputum proteome was derived using data-independent HDMSE applied to 40 healthy nonsmoking participants, which provides an essential baseline from which to compare modulation of protein expression in respiratory diseases. The "core" sputum proteome (proteins detected in ≥40% of participants) was composed of 284 proteins, and the extended proteome (proteins detected in ≥3 participants) contained 1666 proteins. Quality control procedures were developed to optimize the accuracy and consistency of measurement of sputum proteins and analyze the distribution of sputum proteins in the healthy population. The analysis showed that quantitation of proteins by HDMSE is influenced by several factors, with some proteins being measured in all participants' samples and with low measurement variance between samples from the same patient. The measurement of some proteins is highly variable between repeat analyses, susceptible to sample processing effects, or difficult to accurately quantify by mass spectrometry. Other proteins show high interindividual variance. We also highlight that the sputum proteome of healthy individuals is related to sputum neutrophil levels, but not gender or allergic sensitization. We illustrate the importance of design and interpretation of disease biomarker studies considering such protein population and technical measurement variance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Burg
- Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , U.K.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton SO16 6YD , U.K
| | - James P R Schofield
- Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , U.K.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton SO16 6YD , U.K
| | - Joost Brandsma
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton SO16 6YD , U.K
| | - Doroteya Staykova
- Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , U.K
| | - Caterina Folisi
- Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , U.K
| | | | - Ben Nicholas
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton SO16 6YD , U.K
| | - Yang Xian
- Data Science Institute , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Anthony Rowe
- Janssen Research & Development , Buckinghamshire HP12 4DP , U.K
| | | | - Susan Wilson
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton SO16 6YD , U.K
| | - Jonathan Ward
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton SO16 6YD , U.K
| | - Rene Lutter
- AMC, Department of Experimental Immunology , University of Amsterdam , 1012 WX Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,AMC, Department of Respiratory Medicine , University of Amsterdam , 1012 WX Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Louise Fleming
- Airways Disease , National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London & Royal Brompton NIHR Biomedical Research Unit , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Dominick E Shaw
- Respiratory Research Unit , University of Nottingham , Nottingham NG7 2RD , U.K
| | - Per S Bakke
- Institute of Medicine , University of Bergen , 5007 Bergen , Norway
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Hospital University , University of Catania , 95124 Catania , Italy
| | - Sven-Erik Dahlen
- The Centre for Allergy Research , The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , SE-171 77 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Stephen J Fowler
- Respiratory and Allergy Research Group , University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Simone Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Centre , University of Amsterdam , 1012 WX Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Ildikó Horváth
- Department of Pulmonology , Semmelweis University , Budapest 1085 , Hungary
| | - Peter Howarth
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton SO16 6YD , U.K
| | - Norbert Krug
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine Hannover , 30625 Hannover , Germany
| | - Paolo Montuschi
- Faculty of Medicine , Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , 00168 Rome , Italy
| | - Marek Sanak
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Clinical Genetics, Medical College , Jagiellonian University , 31-007 Krakow , Poland
| | - Thomas Sandström
- Department of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine Respiratory Medicine Unit , Umeå University , 901 87 Umeå , Sweden
| | - Florian Singer
- University Children's Hospital Zurich , 8032 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Kai Sun
- Data Science Institute , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Ioannis Pandis
- Data Science Institute , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Charles Auffray
- European Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, CNRS-ENS-UCBL-INSERM , Université de Lyon , 69007 Lyon , France
| | - Ana R Sousa
- Respiratory Therapeutic Unit, GSK , Stockley Park , Uxbridge UB11 1BT , U.K
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Cell and Molecular Biology Group, Airways Disease Section , National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , Dovehouse Street , London SW3 6LR , U.K
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Airways Disease , National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London & Royal Brompton NIHR Biomedical Research Unit , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Sterk
- AMC, Department of Experimental Immunology , University of Amsterdam , 1012 WX Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Ratko Djukanović
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton SO16 6YD , U.K
| | - Paul J Skipp
- Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , U.K
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