1
|
Obayashi M, Kimura M, Haraguchi A, Gotanda M, Kitagawa T, Matsuno M, Sakao K, Hamanaka D, Kusakisako K, Kameda T, Ibrahim HR, Ikadai H, Miyata T. Bovine lactoferrin inhibits Plasmodium berghei growth by binding to heme. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20344. [PMID: 39223194 PMCID: PMC11369202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) is a 77 kDa glycoprotein that is abundant in bovine breast milk and exerts various bioactive functions, including antibacterial and antiviral functions. Few studies have explored bLF activity against parasites. We found that bLF affects hemozoin synthesis by binding to heme, inhibiting heme iron polymerization necessary for Plasmodium berghei ANKA survival in infected erythrocytes, and also binds to hemozoin, causing it to disassemble. In a challenge test, bLF administration inhibited the growth of murine malaria parasites compared to untreated group growth. To determine whether the iron content of bLF affects the inhibition of malaria growth, we tested bLFs containing different amounts of iron (apo-bLF, native-bLF, and holo-bLF), but found no significant difference in their effects. This indicated that the active sites were located within the bLFs themselves. Further studies showed that the C-lobe domain of bLF can inhibit hemozoin formation and the growth of P. berghei ANKA. Evaluation of pepsin degradation products of the C-lobe identified a 47-amino-acid section, C-1, as the smallest effective region that could inhibit hemozoin formation. This study highlights bLF's potential as a novel therapeutic agent against malaria, underscoring the importance of its non-iron-dependent bioactive sites in combating parasite growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Momoka Obayashi
- Division of Molecular Functions of Food, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Momoko Kimura
- Division of Molecular Functions of Food, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Asako Haraguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Mari Gotanda
- Division of Molecular Functions of Food, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Taiki Kitagawa
- Division of Molecular Functions of Food, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Misato Matsuno
- Division of Molecular Functions of Food, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kozue Sakao
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hamanaka
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kodai Kusakisako
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Tomoshi Kameda
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Hisham R Ibrahim
- Division of Molecular Functions of Food, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ikadai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Miyata
- Division of Molecular Functions of Food, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bandyopadhyay A, Das T, Nandy S, Sahib S, Preetam S, Gopalakrishnan AV, Dey A. Ligand-based active targeting strategies for cancer theranostics. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3417-3441. [PMID: 37466702 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02612-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, for the intermediate or advanced cancerous stages, preclinical and clinical applications of nanomedicines in cancer theranostics have been extensively studied. Nevertheless, decreased specificity and poor targeting efficiency with low target concentration of theranostic are the major drawbacks of nanomedicine in employing clinical substitution over conventional systemic therapy. Consequently, ligand decorated nanocarrier-mediated targeted drug delivery system can transcend the obstructions through their enhanced retention activity and increased permeability with effective targeting. The highly efficient and specific nanocarrier-mediated ligand-based active therapy is one of the novel and promising approaches for delivery of the therapeutics for different cancers in recent years to restrict various cancer growth in vivo without harming healthy cells. The article encapsulates the features of nanocarrier-mediated ligands in augmentation of active targeting approaches of various cancers and summarizes ligand-based targeted delivery systems in treatment of cancer as plausible theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anupriya Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Tuyelee Das
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Samapika Nandy
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Synudeen Sahib
- S.S. Cottage, Njarackal,, P.O.: Perinad, Kollam, 691601, Kerala, India
| | - Subham Preetam
- Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, 59053, Ulrika, Sweden
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alhumam MN, Alhumam N, Kandeel M. The Antimicrobial Bifunctional Camel Lactoferrin: In Silico and Molecular Dynamic Perspective. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:2322286. [PMID: 37260852 PMCID: PMC10229236 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2322286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a major natural antimicrobial agent secreted in body fluids as a natural innate immunity protein. The action and structure of LF are closely related to its iron-binding capacity with structural reporting in open and closed conformations. This study looked at how lactoferrin structures change in camel (cLF), bovine (bLF), and human (hLF) lactoferrin closed forms after iron is removed from their binding sites. Initially, the sequence comparison between cLF and the LFs of marine mammals, bats, and domestic animals was the most intriguing conclusion. Camel LF is revealed to be more closely related to marine animals (~80.36% identity) and bats (~79.3% identity) than to terrestrial mammal species (~75.5% identity). Results indicated that cLF was more dynamic in nature than bLF and hLF by showing higher RMSD values. The cLF is known to be half lactoferrin half transferrin; in this study, we show that there are different MD behavior of both iron-binding sites. While LF contains two lobes (C- and N-lobes), the C-lobe showed high fluctuations as N-lobe was more stable in the absence of ferric ions. The C-lobe and N-lobe of cLF react differently at physiological pH, revealing distinct molecular interactions between these components. In addition, cLF showed higher system flexibility derived from its larger RMSD, RMSF, lower intermolecular hydrogen bonds, and higher solvent accessible surface area (SASA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maathir N. Alhumam
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naser Alhumam
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bajracharya R, Song JG, Patil BR, Lee SH, Noh HM, Kim DH, Kim GL, Seo SH, Park JW, Jeong SH, Lee CH, Han HK. Functional ligands for improving anticancer drug therapy: current status and applications to drug delivery systems. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1959-1970. [PMID: 35762636 PMCID: PMC9246174 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2089296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy lacking target selectivity often leads to severe side effects, limiting the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Therefore, drug delivery systems ensuring both selective drug release and efficient intracellular uptake at the target sites are highly demanded in chemotherapy to improve the quality of life of patients with low toxicity. One of the effective approaches for tumor-selective drug delivery is the adoption of functional ligands that can interact with specific receptors overexpressed in malignant cancer cells. Various functional ligands including folic acid, hyaluronic acid, transferrin, peptides, and antibodies, have been extensively explored to develop tumor-selective drug delivery systems. Furthermore, cell-penetrating peptides or ligands for tight junction opening are also actively pursued to improve the intracellular trafficking of anticancer drugs. Sometimes, multiple ligands with different roles are used in combination to enhance the cellular uptake as well as target selectivity of anticancer drugs. In this review, the current status of various functional ligands applicable to improve the effectiveness of cancer chemotherapy is overviewed with a focus on their roles, characteristics, and preclinical/clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jae Geun Song
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Korea
| | | | - Sang Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Noh
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Korea
| | - Da-Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Korea
| | - Gyu-Lin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Korea
| | - Soo-Hwa Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Korea
| | | | - Chang Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyung Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Halabi A, Croguennec T, Ménard O, Briard-Bion V, Jardin J, Le Gouar Y, Hennetier M, Bouhallab S, Dupont D, Deglaire A. Protein structure in model infant milk formulas impacts their kinetics of hydrolysis under in vitro dynamic digestion. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
6
|
Singh J, Maurya A, Singh PK, Viswanathan V, Ahmad MI, Sharma P, Sharma S, Singh TP. A Peptide Bond from the Inter-lobe Segment in the Bilobal Lactoferrin Acts as a Preferred Site for Cleavage for Serine Proteases to Generate the Perfect C-lobe: Structure of the Pepsin Hydrolyzed Lactoferrin C-lobe at 2.28 Å Resolution. Protein J 2021; 40:857-866. [PMID: 34734372 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-021-10028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-lobe represents the C-terminal half of lactoferrin which is a bilobal 80 kDa iron binding glycoprotein. The two lobes are designated as N-lobe (Ser1-Glu333) and C-lobe (Arg344-Arg689). The N- and C-lobes are connected by a 10-residue long α-helical peptide (Thr334-Thr343). Both lobes adopt similar conformations and have identical iron binding sites. The bilobal lactoferrin was hydrolyzed in a limited proteolysis using pepsin at pH 2.0. It produced a 40 kDa and fully functional C-lobe which was purified and crystallized at pH 8.0. The structure determination revealed that the structure contained residues from Tyr342 to Arg689 representing a fully functional monoferric C-lobe. It showed that pepsin cleaved lactoferrin at the peptide bond Arg341-Tyr342 which is part of the inter-lobe decapeptide. Interestingly, the two previously determined structures of the enzymatically produced C-lobe using trypsin and proteinase K also cleaved lactoferrin at the same peptide bond Arg341-Tyr342. This was a striking result as the three enzymes, pepsin, trypsin and proteinase K have different specificity requirements and yet they cleaved the bilobal lactoferrin at the same peptide bond and generated an identical and fully functional C-lobe. This shows that the observed cleavage site in lactoferrin adopts a highly favourable conformation for proteolysis. It is noteworthy that the three enzymes with different specificities cut the protein at the same peptide bond which may be of physiological significance because the antibacterial action of lactoferrin is extended further through the C-lobe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiya Singh
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Ankit Maurya
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Prashant K Singh
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - V Viswanathan
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Md Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Pradeep Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Sujata Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India.
| | - Tej P Singh
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matosinho CGR, Rosse IC, Fonseca PAS, de Oliveira FS, Dos Santos FG, Araújo FMG, de Matos Salim AC, Lopes BC, Arbex WA, Machado MA, Peixoto MGCD, da Silva Verneque R, Martins MF, da Silva MVGB, Oliveira G, Pires DEV, Carvalho MRS. Identification and in silico characterization of structural and functional impacts of genetic variants in milk protein genes in the Zebu breeds Guzerat and Gyr. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:524. [PMID: 34705124 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Whole genome sequencing of bovine breeds has allowed identification of genetic variants in milk protein genes. However, functional repercussion of such variants at a molecular level has seldom been investigated. Here, the results of a multistep Bioinformatic analysis for functional characterization of recently identified genetic variants in Brazilian Gyr and Guzerat breeds is described, including predicted effects on the following: (i) evolutionary conserved nucleotide positions/regions; (ii) protein function, stability, and interactions; (iii) splicing, branching, and miRNA binding sites; (iv) promoters and transcription factor binding sites; and (v) collocation with QTL. Seventy-one genetic variants were identified in the caseins (CSN1S1, CSN2, CSN1S2, and CSN3), LALBA, LGB, and LTF genes. Eleven potentially regulatory variants and two missense mutations were identified. LALBA Ile60Val was predicted to affect protein stability and flexibility, by reducing the number the disulfide bonds established. LTF Thr546Asn is predicted to generate steric clashes, which could mildly affect iron coordination. In addition, LALBA Ile60Val and LTF Thr546Asn affect exonic splicing enhancers and silencers. Consequently, both mutations have the potential of affecting immune response at individual level, not only in the mammary gland. Although laborious, this multistep procedure for classifying variants allowed the identification of potentially functional variants for milk protein genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Guimarães Ramos Matosinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em GenéticaDepartamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31901-207, Brazil
| | - Izinara Cruz Rosse
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em GenéticaDepartamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31901-207, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmácia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Pablo Augusto Souza Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em GenéticaDepartamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31901-207, Brazil.
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada.
| | - Francislon Silva de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em GenéticaDepartamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31901-207, Brazil
- Grupo de Genômica E Biologia Computacional, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30190-00, Brazil
| | - Fausto Gonçalves Dos Santos
- Grupo de Genômica E Biologia Computacional, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30190-00, Brazil
| | - Flávio Marcos Gomes Araújo
- Grupo de Genômica E Biologia Computacional, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30190-00, Brazil
| | - Anna Christina de Matos Salim
- Grupo de Genômica E Biologia Computacional, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30190-00, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Rui da Silva Verneque
- EPAMIG, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31170-495, Brazil
- Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36038-330, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guilherme Oliveira
- Grupo de Genômica E Biologia Computacional, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30190-00, Brazil
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Belém, PA, 66055-09, Brazil
| | - Douglas Eduardo Valente Pires
- School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Maria Raquel Santos Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em GenéticaDepartamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31901-207, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Naseri M, Halder A, Mohammadniaei M, Prado M, Ashley J, Sun Y. A multivalent aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor for biomarker detection in urinary tract infection. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
9
|
Singh J, Vijayan V, Ahmedi S, Pant P, Manzoor N, Singh TP, Sharma P, Sharma S. Lactosmart: A Novel Therapeutic Molecule for Antimicrobial Defense. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:672589. [PMID: 34220755 PMCID: PMC8250155 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.672589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The problem of antibiotic resistance has prompted researchers around the globe to search for new antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides are naturally secreted by almost all the living organisms to fight infections and can be safer alternatives to chemical antibiotics. Lactoferrin (LF) is a known antimicrobial protein present in all body secretions. In this study, LF was digested by trypsin, and the resulting hydrolysates were studied with respect to their antimicrobial properties. Among the hydrolysates, a 21-kDa basic fragment of LF (termed lactosmart) showed promise as a new potent antimicrobial agent. The antimicrobial studies were performed on various microorganisms including Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli as well as fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata. In addition, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding properties of lactosmart were studied using surface plasmon resonance technique in vitro, along with docking of LPS and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies. The results showed that lactosmart had better inhibitory effects against pathogenic microorganisms compared to LF. The results of docking and MD simulation studies further validated the tighter binding of LPS to lactosmart compared to LF. The two LPS-binding sites have been characterized structurally in detail. Through these studies, it has been demonstrated that in native LF, only one LPS-binding site remains exposed due to its location being on the surface of the molecule. However, due to the generation of the lactosmart molecule, the second LPS-binding site gets exposed too. Since LPS is an essential and conserved part of the bacterial cell wall, the pro-inflammatory response in the human body caused by LPS can be targeted using the newly identified lactosmart. These findings highlight the immense potential of lactosmart in comparison to native LF in antimicrobial defense. We propose that lactosmart can be further developed as an antibacterial, antifungal, and antibiofilm agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiya Singh
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Viswanathan Vijayan
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saiema Ahmedi
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradeep Pant
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikhat Manzoor
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Tej P. Singh
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradeep Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujata Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Almehdar HA, El-Baky NA, Alhaider AA, Almuhaideb SA, Alhaider AA, Albiheyri RS, Uversky VN, Redwan EM. Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal Activities of Camel Lactoferrins Against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:18-31. [PMID: 30723884 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-9520-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein present in various secretions (e.g., milk, tears, saliva, pancreatic juice), which performs multiple functions, with one of them being the antimicrobial defense. Purified camel lactoferrins (cLfs) from different Saudi camel clans, as well as human and bovine lactoferrins (hLf or bLf) were tested as antimicrobial agents against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi). All cLfs showed superior antibacterial potentials relative to hLf or bLf, while there was no noticeable difference in the antimicrobial capabilities between the cLfs from different camel clans. We observed synergy between the inhibitory activities of Lfs and antibiotics against bacterial growth. Expression of numerous bacterial proteins was affected by the treatment with Lf and its combinations, giving insight into the molecular mechanisms of the Lf action. Furthermore, several bacterial proteins were shown to interact with cLf-biotin. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of obvious extracellular and intracellular changes after S. Typhi treatment by antibiotic (carbenicillin) or cLf alone, and in combination. The effects of antibiotics and Lf were synergistic, supporting the potential of the use of Lf-antibiotic combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussein A Almehdar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Abd El-Baky
- Therapeutic and Protective Proteins Laboratory, Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Abdulqader A Alhaider
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdullah A Alhaider
- Medical school, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for health Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed S Albiheyri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Elrashdy M Redwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Therapeutic and Protective Proteins Laboratory, Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Koneru T, McCord E, Pawar S, Tatiparti K, Sau S, Iyer AK. Transferrin: Biology and Use in Receptor-Targeted Nanotherapy of Gliomas. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:8727-8733. [PMID: 33842744 PMCID: PMC8028004 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas constitute 80% of malignant brain tumors. The survival rate of patients diagnosed with malignant gliomas is only 34.4%, as seen in both adults as well as children. The biggest challenge in treatment of gliomas is the impenetrable blood-brain barrier. With the availability of only a very few choices of chemotherapeutics in the treatment of gliomas, it is imperative that a novel strategy to effectively deliver drugs into the brain is researched and applied. The most popular strategy that is gaining importance is the receptor-mediated uptake of targeted nanoparticles comprising of ligands specific to the receptors. This review discusses briefly one such receptor called the transferrin receptor that is highly expressed in the brain and can be applied effectively for targeted nanoparticle delivery systems in gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswi Koneru
- Use-Inspired
Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Walled
Lake Central High School, Commerce Charter Township, Michigan 48390, United States
| | - Eva McCord
- Use-Inspired
Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Grosse
Pointe South High School, Grosse
Pointe Farms, Michigan 48236, United States
| | - Shreya Pawar
- Use-Inspired
Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Troy
High School, Troy, Michigan 48098, United
States
| | - Katyayani Tatiparti
- Use-Inspired
Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Samaresh Sau
- Use-Inspired
Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Arun K. Iyer
- Use-Inspired
Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Molecular
Imaging Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wei YS, Feng K, Li SF, Hu TG, Linhardt RJ, Zong MH, Wu H. Oral fate and stabilization technologies of lactoferrin: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6341-6358. [PMID: 33749401 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1900774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf), a bioactive protein initially found in many biological secretions including milk, is regarded as the nutritional supplement or therapeutic ligand due to its multiple functions. Research on its mode of action reveals that intact Lf or its active peptide (i.e., lactoferricin) shows an important multifunctional performance. Oral delivery is considered as the most convenient administration route for this bioactive protein. Unfortunately, Lf is sensitive to the gastrointestinal (GI) physicochemical stresses and lactoferricin is undetectable in GI digesta. This review introduces the functionality of Lf at the molecular level and its degradation behavior in GI tract is discussed in detail. Subsequently, the absorption and transport of Lf from intestine into the blood circulation, which is pivotal to its health promoting effects in various tissues, and some assisting labeling methods are discussed. Stabilization technologies aiming at preserving the structural integrity and functional properties of orally administrated Lf are summarized and compared. Altogether, this work comprehensively reviews the structure-function relationship of Lf, its oral fate and the development of stabilization technologies for the enhancement of the oral bioavailability of Lf. The existing limitations and scope for future research are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Shan Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Feng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Fang Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Teng-Gen Hu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lactoferrin as a regenerative agent: The old-new panacea? Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105564. [PMID: 33744427 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) possesses various biological properties and therapeutic potentials being a perspective anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory agent. A significant body of literature has also demonstrated that Lf modulates regenerative processes in different anatomical structures, such as bone, cartilage, skin, mucosa, cornea, tendon, vasculature, and adipose tissue. Hence, this review collected and analyzed the data on the regenerative effects of Lf, as well as paid specific attention to their molecular basis. Furthermore, tissue and condition-specific activities of different Lf types as well as problems of their delivery to the targeted organs were discussed. The authors strongly hope that this review will stimulate researchers to focus on the highlighted topics thus accelerating the progress of Lf's wider clinical application.
Collapse
|
14
|
Halabi A, Croguennec T, Bouhallab S, Dupont D, Deglaire A. Modification of protein structures by altering the whey protein profile and heat treatment affects in vitro static digestion of model infant milk formulas. Food Funct 2020; 11:6933-6945. [PMID: 32692321 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01362e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heat treatments induce changes in the protein structure in infant milk formulas (IMFs). The present study aims to investigate whether these structural modifications affect protein digestion. Model IMFs (1.3% proteins), with a bovine or a human whey protein profile, were unheated or heated at 67.5 °C or 80 °C to reach 65% of denaturation, resulting in six protein structures. IMFs were submitted to in vitro static gastrointestinal digestion simulating infant conditions. During digestion, laser light scattering was performed to analyze IMF destabilization and SDS-PAGE, OPA assay and cation exchange chromatography were used to monitor proteolysis. Results showed that, during gastric digestion, α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin were resistant to hydrolysis in a similar manner for all protein structures within IMFs (p > 0.05), while the heat-induced denaturation of lactoferrin significantly increased its susceptibility to hydrolysis. Casein hydrolysis was enhanced when the native casein micelle structure was modified, i.e. partially disintegrated in the presence of lactoferrin or covered by heat-denatured whey proteins. The IMF destabilization at the end of the gastric digestion varied with protein structures, with larger particle size for IMF containing native casein micelles. During intestinal digestion, the kinetics of protein hydrolysis varied with the IMF protein structures, particularly for IMFs containing denatured lactoferrin, exhibiting higher proteolysis degree (67.5 °C and 80 °C vs. unheated) and essential amino acid bioaccessibility (67.5 °C vs. unheated). Overall, the protein structures, generated by modulating the whey protein profile and the heating conditions, impacted the IMF destabilization during the gastric phase and the proteolysis during the entire simulated infant digestion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amira Halabi
- STLO, INRAE, Institut Agro, 35042, Rennes, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Synergistic Killing of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Using Camel Lactoferrin from Different Saudi Camel Clans and Various Antibiotics. Protein J 2020; 38:479-496. [PMID: 30963371 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-019-09828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Current study aimed to analyze the synergistic killing of pathogenic Escherichia coli using camel lactoferrin from different Saudi camel clans and various antibiotics. Methods: using multiple microbiological and protein analysis techniques, the results were shown that the purified camel lactoferrins (cLfs) from different Saudi camel have strong antimicrobial potentials against two strains of E. coli. Although all cLfs were superior relative to human or bovine lactoferrins (hLf or bLf), there was no noticeable difference in the antimicrobial potentials of cLfs from different camel clans. The effects of antibiotics and cLfs were synergistic, indicating the superiority of using cLf-antibiotic combinations against E. coli growth. Since these combinations possessed distinguished synergy profiles, it is likely that they can be used to enhance the low efficacy of antibiotics, as well as to control the problems associated with bacterial resistance. Furthermore, these combinations can reduce the cost of cure of bacterial infections, especially in the developing countries. The analysis of the molecular mechanisms of lactoferrin action revealed that expression of several E. coli proteins was affected by the treatment with these antibacterial factors. Several proteins of different molecular weights interacting with cLf-biotin were found. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed the presence of noticeable morphological changes associated with the treatment of E. coli strains by antibiotic carbenicillin or cLf alone, and in combination. Camel lactoferrin has superior potential killing of E. coli over bovine and human lactoferrin, and this potential can be further synergistically enhanced of cLF is combined with antibiotics.
Collapse
|
16
|
Pang X, Tong Y, Li F, Wei X, Chen X, Liu J, Chen D. Expression and characterization of human lactoferrin with tandem zinc finger protein in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
17
|
Singh S, Kalra S, Bubber P, Datta TK, Mohanty AK, Kaushik JK. Functional analysis of recombinant buffalo lactoferrin and monoferric lobes and their cytotoxic effect on buffalo mammary epithelial cells. Biometals 2019; 32:771-783. [PMID: 31555927 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-019-00209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) has been involved in diverse type of cellular activities and its biochemical properties are species specific. Lf is a bilobal molecule in which each lobe binds with one Fe2+/Fe3+ ion. A lot of physiological effects of Lf are regulated by its iron binding and release properties; however these properties are species-specific. To understand the iron-binding, thermal stability and cytotoxic effect of buffalo Lf (buLf) and contribution of individual N- and C-terminal lobes therein, buLf and the truncated monoferric lobes were expressed in Kluyveromyces lactis or Pichia pastoris yeast expression systems. The iron-uptake/release behavior and thermal stability of recombinant buLf was observed similar to the Lf purified from buffalo milk. Supplementation of recombinant buLf to the buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BuMEC) culture decreased their proliferation and the cell viability in a dose dependent manner. The cell growth decreased by 37% at 1.0 mg/ml Lf. C-lobe decreased the viability of BuMEC by 15% at 1 mg/ml. The C-lobe showed greater cytotoxic effect against BuMEC in comparison to N-lobe. buLf caused a reduced expression of the casein in BuMEC. At 1.0 mg/ml of buLf, CSN2 transcript level was reduced by 74% and 78% in the normal and hormone free media, respectively. The expression of IL-1β gene in BuMEC increased by 4-5 fold in the presence of 1.0 mg/ml of Lf. The effect was similar to that observed in the involutory mammary gland, suggesting the role of elevated level of Lf in remodeling of buffalo mammary tissue during involution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surender Singh
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132 001, India
- Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shalini Kalra
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132 001, India
| | - Parvesh Bubber
- Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali, Rajasthan, India
- School of Life Sciences, Biochemistry Discipline, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, India
| | - Tirtha K Datta
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132 001, India
| | - Ashok K Mohanty
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132 001, India
| | - Jai K Kaushik
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132 001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The Impact of Lactoferrin on the Growth of Intestinal Inhabitant Bacteria. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194707. [PMID: 31547574 PMCID: PMC6801499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding milk glycoprotein that promotes the growth of selected probiotic strains. The effect of Lf on the growth and diversification of intestinal microbiota may have an impact on several issues, including (i) strengthening the permeability of the epithelial cell monolayer, (ii) favoring the microbial antagonism that discourages the colonization and proliferation of enteric pathogens, (iii) enhancing the growth and maturation of cell-monolayer components and gut nerve fibers, and (iv) providing signals to balance the anti- and pro-inflammatory responses resulting in gut homeostasis. Given the beneficial role of probiotics, this contribution aims to review the current properties of bovine and human Lf and their derivatives in in vitro probiotic growth and Lf interplay with microbiota described in the piglet model. By using Lf as a component in pharmacological products, we may enable novel strategies that promote probiotic growth while conferring antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant microorganisms that cause life-threatening diseases, especially in neonates.
Collapse
|
19
|
Pang X, Tong Y, Xue W, Yang YF, Chen X, Liu J, Chen D. Expression and characterization of recombinant human lactoferrin in edible alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:851-859. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1569498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Lactoferrin (LF) is a naturally occurring iron-binding glycoprotein with a variety of biological functions. It has increasing demand every year and huge market potential. In this study, we explored the feasibility of expressing human LF (hLF) in edible algae C. reinhardtii. A codon-optimized hLF gene was synthesized, inserted into pCAMBIA-1301C and transformed into C. reinhardtii SP strain. In total, 7 hLF-expressing clones were selected with clone 121 exhibiting the highest expression level. The hLF-containing algal extract significantly inhibited the growth of bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella variicola. During acute toxicity experiment no acute toxicity was detected, especially on changes of the body weight and histopathology of organs. The recombinant hLF possessed a similar or modestly reduced stability compared to commercial hLF standard. Our data indicated that expression of hLF in C. reinhardtii is feasible and paved a way to commercial production of lactoferrin using edible Chlamydomonas expression system.
Abbreviations: atrazine chlorohydrolase gene (atzA); bovine serum albumin (BSA); human LF (hLF); lactoferrin (LF); Luria-Bertani (LB); quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) ; SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE); Tris-acetate phosphate (TAP); western blotting (WB)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Pang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxi Tong
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenzhi Xue
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-feng Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiwen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Defu Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kumari N, Kumar A, Goyal S, Dubey PK, Mishra SK, Ahlawat S, Kataria RS. Evaluation of therapeutic potential of recombinant buffalo lactoferrin N-lobe expressed in E. coli. Anim Biotechnol 2019; 31:181-187. [PMID: 30773109 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1570224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a multifunctional bi-lobate iron-binding glycoprotein belonging to transferrin family with a mass of approximately 80 kD. Being ubiquitously present in almost all biological secretions, it performs important biological functions. One of the earliest and very well-documented functions of Lf is the antibacterial effect against broad spectrum Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, buffalo Lf N-lobe cDNA was amplified, cloned and expressed as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli cells using pQE30 expression vector. After post-induction confirmation of expressed protein by SDS-PAGE, purification of recombinant protein using Ni-NTA was attempted and the yield of recombinant buffalo N-lobe Lf was estimated to be 1 mg/ml. Antibacterial activity of recombinant buffalo Lf N-lobe was assessed on pathogenic E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus strains. Peptic digest of recombinant N-lobe buffalo Lf showed antibacterial activity comparable to commercially available bovine Lf. The successful expression and characterization of functional recombinant N-lobe of buffalo Lf expressed in E. coli opens new vistas for developing alternate therapeutics, particularly against the diseases caused by Gram-negative microbes such as septicemia and diarrhea in newborn calves and mastitis in dairy animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namita Kumari
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Faculty of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, India
| | - Shubham Goyal
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - Praveen K Dubey
- Lewis Ketz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Sonika Ahlawat
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Honarparvar B, Kanchi S, Bisetty K. Theoretical insights into the competitive metal bioaffinity of lactoferrin as a metal ion carrier: a DFT study. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03786a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Metal–protein complexes, specifically lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-binding glycoprotein found naturally in milk and several other body fluids play a pivotal role in all living organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Honarparvar
- Department of Chemistry
- Durban University of Technology
- Durban 4000
- South Africa
| | - Suvardhan Kanchi
- Department of Chemistry
- Durban University of Technology
- Durban 4000
- South Africa
| | - Krishna Bisetty
- Department of Chemistry
- Durban University of Technology
- Durban 4000
- South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nhan C, Small DM, May BK, Hung A. pH-induced structural changes of apo-lactoferrin and implications for its function: a molecular dynamics simulation study. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2018.1535178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carol Nhan
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Bee K. May
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Hung
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mohamed WA, Schaalan MF. Antidiabetic efficacy of lactoferrin in type 2 diabetic pediatrics; controlling impact on PPAR-γ, SIRT-1, and TLR4 downstream signaling pathway. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2018; 10:89. [PMID: 30534206 PMCID: PMC6280363 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-018-0390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to investigate the antidiabetic efficacy of camel milk-derived lactoferrin and potential involvement of PPAR-γ and SIRT-1 via TLR-4/NFκB signaling pathway in obese diabetic pediatric population. Sixty young obese patients with type 2 diabetes were selected from the Pediatric Endocrine Metabolic Unit, Cairo University and were randomly divided among two age and sex-matched groups so as to receive either standard therapy without lactoferrin in one arm or to be treated with oral lactoferrin capsules (250 mg/day, p.o) for 3 months in the other arm. Both groups were compared to 50 control healthy volunteers. Measurements of HbA1c, lipid profile, antioxidant capacity (SOD, Nrf2), proinflammatory interleukins; (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18), Cyclin D-1, lipocalin-2, and PPAR-γ expression levels were done at the beginning and 3 months after daily consumption of lactoferrin. The mechanistic involvement of TLR4-SIRT-1-NFκB signaling cascade was also investigated. The antidiabetic efficacy of lactoferrin was confirmed by significant improvement of the baseline levels of HbA1c, BMI and lipid profile of the obese pediatric cohort, which is evidenced by increased PPAR-γ and SIRT-1 expression. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effect was evident by the significant decrease in serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, lipocalin 2 in type 2 diabetic post-treatment group, which corresponded by decreased NFκB downstream signaling indicators. The antioxidant efficacy was evident by stimulated SOD levels and NrF2 expression; compared with the pre-treatment group (all at P ≤ 0.001). The consumption of high concentrations of lactoferrin explains its hypoglycemic efficacy and counts for its insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects via TLR4-NFκB-SIRT-1 signaling cascade. Recommendations on regular intake of lactoferrin could ensure better glycemic control, compared to conventional antidiabetics alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed A. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Kasr El Aini Teaching Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona F. Schaalan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang B, Timilsena YP, Blanch E, Adhikari B. Lactoferrin: Structure, function, denaturation and digestion. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:580-596. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1381583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Food Research and Innovation Centre, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yakindra Prasad Timilsena
- Food Research and Innovation Centre, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Materials Science and Engineering, CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Clayton South, VIC, Australia
| | - Ewan Blanch
- Food Research and Innovation Centre, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- Food Research and Innovation Centre, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Materials Science and Engineering, CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Clayton South, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rudnichenko YA, Lukashevich VS, Zalutsky IV. [Experimental study of the influence of recombinant human lactoferrin on the levels of androgens and basic parameters of lipid and protein metabolism]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2017; 62:566-571. [PMID: 27797332 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20166205566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
System administration of human recombinant lactoferrin per os to rats for 2,5 months increased serum and testicular levels of total testosterone. The data correlated with the increase in free testosterone levels. These changes were accompanied by an increase of concentrations of steroidogenesis substrates (cholesterol, progesterone, and 17-OH progesterone) and a decrease of the estradiol content in blood serum. This resulted in the 3.6-3.8-fold increase of the testosterone/estradiol index. Basic parameters of lipid and protein were also studied. Results of this study suggest that lactoferrin administration causes activation of androgen synthesis and lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu A Rudnichenko
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - V S Lukashevich
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - I V Zalutsky
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
This review summarises current knowledge on camel milk proteins, with focus on significant peculiarities in protein composition and molecular properties. Camel milk is traditionally consumed as a fresh or naturally fermented product. Within the last couple of years, an increasing quantity is being processed in dairy plants, and a number of consumer products have been marketed. A better understanding of the technological and functional properties, as required for product improvement, has been gained in the past years. Absence of the whey protein β-LG and a low proportion of к-casein cause differences in relation to dairy processing. In addition to the technological properties, there are also implications for human nutrition and camel milk proteins are of interest for applications in infant foods, for food preservation and in functional foods. Proposed health benefits include inhibition of the angiotensin converting enzyme, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties as well as an antidiabetogenic effect. Detailed investigations on foaming, gelation and solubility as well as technological consequences of processing should be investigated further for the improvement of camel milk utilisation in the near future.
Collapse
|
27
|
Hsieh IN, Hartshorn KL. The Role of Antimicrobial Peptides in Influenza Virus Infection and Their Potential as Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:E53. [PMID: 27608030 PMCID: PMC5039506 DOI: 10.3390/ph9030053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a major threat that can cause severe morbidity and mortality due to rapid genomic variation. Resistance of IAVs to current anti-IAV drugs has been emerging, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been considered to be potential candidates for novel treatment against IAV infection. AMPs are endogenous proteins playing important roles in host defense through direct antimicrobial and antiviral activities and through immunomodulatory effects. In this review, we will discuss the anti-IAV and immunomodulatory effects of classical AMPs (defensins and cathelicidins), and proteins more recently discovered to have AMP-like activity (histones and Alzheimer's associated β-amyloid). We will discuss the interactions between AMPs and other host defense proteins. Major emphasis will be placed on novel synthetic AMPs derived from modification of natural proteins, and on potential methods of increasing expression of endogenous AMPs, since these approaches may lead to novel antiviral therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I-Ni Hsieh
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Kevan L Hartshorn
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hu L, Gao CH, Hong C, Zhong Q, Dong HL, Gao XM. Expression, purification, and breast cancer cell inhibiting effect of recombinant human lactoferrin C-lobe. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 80:257-63. [PMID: 26405758 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1088376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LTF), a multifunctional glycoprotein of the transferrin family mainly found in exotic secretions in mammals, is an important defense molecule against not only microbial invasion but also tumors. It folds into two globular domains (N- and C-lobes) each containing an iron-binding site. The cationic antimicrobial peptide in N-lobe is known to exert anti-tumor effect via a non-receptor-mediated pathway. However, whether LTF C-lobe also contributes to its anti-tumor activity remains to be investigated. In this study, a human LTF fragment (amino acid residues 343-682) covering the C-lobe was expressed with a histidine tag in E. coli and the purified polypeptide refolded through a series of buffer changing procedure. The resultant recombinant protein caused significant growth arrest of breast carcinoma cells MDA-MB-231 in a dose- and time-dependent manner, evidently via induction of apoptosis of the cell. Our data suggest a positive role for the C-lobe of human LTF in controlling tumors in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Hu
- a Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Chen-Hui Gao
- a Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Chao Hong
- a Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Qiao Zhong
- a Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Hong-Liang Dong
- a Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Xiao-Ming Gao
- a Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Alabdulmohsen W, Rozario SD, Markowitz K, Fine DH, Velliyagounder K. Diabetic Lactoferrin Deficient Mice Demonstrates Greater Susceptibility to Experimental Periodontal Disease. JOURNAL OF ORAL BIOLOGY (NORTHBOROUGH, MASS.) 2015; 2:6. [PMID: 26855973 PMCID: PMC4743892 DOI: 10.13188/2377-987x.1000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to detrmine whether alloxan-induced diabetic Lactoferrin knockout (LFKO-/-) mice are more susceptible to periodontal disease caused by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans compared to the diabetic wild-type (WT) mice. Diabetes was induced in mice by a single dose of alloxan (60 mg/kg) injected intravenously. Mice were categorized as diabetic when blood glucose levels >250 mg/dL were measured on the 7th day after the injection. Periodontal disease was experimentally induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans infection in alloxan induced diabetic WT and LFKO-/- mice. Fasting blood glucose levels and body weight were monitored throughout the study. At the end of the 12th week of infection, mice were sacrificed and bone loss among the groups was estimated by measuring the distance between cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC) at 12 sites on the molars. A. actinomycetemcomitans infected mice groups developed more alveolar bone loss than sham-infected animals. Diabetic LFKO-/- infected mice exhibited significant bone loss (P<0.01) and a higher mean fasting blood glucose level (P<0.05) when compared to diabetic WT infected mice. No statistically significant difference in fasting blood glucose level was found between the infected and sham-infected groups. Peripheral blood analysis at the end of the 12th week revealed a significant reduction in the platelet counts in LFKO-/- mice when compared to WT mice. Furthermore, diabetic LFKO-/- presented with lower counts than non-diabetic LFKO-/- mice (P<0.01). In conclusion, diabetic lactoferrin deficient mice are at a higher risk of developing periodontal infection induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans when compared to diabetic WTI mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kabilan Velliyagounder
- Address for Correspondence: Kabilan Velliyagounder, Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, New Jersey, 07103, USA, Tel: 932-972-5051; Fax: 973-972-0045;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Redwan EM, EL-Fakharany EM, Uversky VN, Linjawi MH. Screening the anti infectivity potentials of native N- and C-lobes derived from the camel lactoferrin against hepatitis C virus. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:219. [PMID: 24993815 PMCID: PMC4086701 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents a worldwide health threat that still needs efficient protective vaccine and/or effective drug. The traditional medicine, such as camel milk, is heavily used by the large sector of HCV patients to control the infection due to the high cost of the available standard therapy. Camel milk contains lactoferrin, which plays an important and multifunctional role in innate immunity and specific host defense against microbial infection. Continuing the analysis of the effectiveness of camel lactoferrin against HCV, the current study aimed to separate and purify the native N- and C-lobes from the proteolytically cleaved camel lactoferrin (cLF) and to compare their in vitro activities against the HCV infection in Huh7.5 cells in order to determine the most active domain. METHODS Lactoferrin and its digested N- and C-lobes were purified by Mono S 5/50 GL column and Superdex 200 5/150 column. The purified proteins were assessed through three venues: 1. To inhibit intracellular replication, HCV infected cells were treated with the proteins at different concentrations and time intervals; 2. The proteins were directly incubated with the viral particles (neutralization) and then such neutralized viruses were used to infect cells; 3. The cells were protected with proteins before exposure to the virus. The antiviral potentials of the cLf and its lobes were determined using three techniques: 1. RT-nested PCR, 2. Real-time PCR, and 3. Flow cytometry. RESULTS N- and C-lobes were purified in two consecutive steps; using Mono-S and Superdex 200 columns. The molecular mass of N- and C-lobes was about 40 kDa. cLF and its lobes could prevent HCV entry into Huh 7.5 cells with activity reached 100% through direct interaction with the virus. The inhibition of intracellular viral replication by N-lobe is 2-fold and 3-fold more effective than that of the cLF and C-lobe, respectively. CONCLUSION Generated native N- and C-lobes from camel lactoferrin demonstrated a range of noticeably different potentials against HCV cellular infectivity. The anti-HCV activities were sorted as N-lobe > cLf > C-lobe.
Collapse
|