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Chen YQ, Cao SH, Yang XY, Liu Y, Li CY. Potential biomarkers for evaluating the BCG vaccination response based on humoral immunity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32117. [PMID: 38947452 PMCID: PMC11214448 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The current prophylactic tuberculosis vaccine Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), was derived in the 1920s, but the humoral immune responses induced by BCG vaccination have not been fully elucidated to date. In this study, our aim was to reveal the profiles of antibody responses induced by BCG vaccination in adults and identify the potential biomarkers for evaluating the BCG vaccination response. Methods Proteome microarrays were performed to reveal the serum profiles of antibody responses induced by BCG vaccination in adults. ELISA was used to validate the potential biomarkers in validation cohort (79 healthy controls and 58 BCG-vaccinated subjects). Then combined panel was established by logistic regression analysis based on OD values of potential biomarkers. Results Multiple antigens elicited stronger serum IgG or IgM antibody responses in BCG vaccinated subjects than healthy subjects at 12 weeks post BCG vaccination; among the antigens, Rv0060, Rv2026c and Rv3379c were further verified using 137 serum samples and presented the moderate performance in assessment of the BCG vaccination response by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Furthermore, a combined panel exhibited an improved AUC of 0.923, and the sensitivity and specificity were 77.59 % and 91.14 %, respectively. In addition, the antibody response against Rv0060, Rv2026c and Rv3379c was related to the clinical background to a certain extent. Conclusions The novel antigens identified in our study could offer better knowledge towards developing a more efficacious vaccine based on humoral immune responses, and they could be potential biomarkers in assessments of BCG vaccination responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qing Chen
- Department of Sentience and Technology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Hui Cao
- Department of Laboratory Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yu Yang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan-You Li
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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2
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Nyazema KB, Shey BA, Sei CJ, Peters RP, Maningi NE, Fischer GW, Bernard Fourie P. In vitro evaluation of the binding activity of novel mouse IgG1 opsonic monoclonal antibodies to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other selected mycobacterial species. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis 2024; 35:100435. [PMID: 38601919 PMCID: PMC11004620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance alongside other challenges in tuberculosis (TB) therapeutics have stirred renewed interest in host-directed interventions, including the role of antibodies as adjunct therapeutic agents. This study assessed the binding efficacy of two novel IgG1 opsonic monoclonal antibodies (MABs; GG9 & JG7) at 5, 10, and 25 µg/mL to live cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium, M. bovis, M. fortuitum, M. intracellulare, and M. smegmatis American Type Culture Collection laboratory reference strains, as well as clinical susceptible, multi-drug resistant, and extensively drug resistant M. tuberculosis strains using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. These three MAB concentrations were selected from a range of concentrations used in previous optimization (binding and functional) assays. Both MABs bound to all mycobacterial species and sub-types tested, albeit to varying degrees. Statistically significant differences in MAB binding activity were observed when comparing the highest and lowest MAB concentrations (p < 0.05) for both MABs GG9 and JG7, irrespective of the M. tuberculosis resistance profile. Binding affinity increased with an increase in MAB concentration, and optimal binding was observed at 25 µg/mL. JG7 showed better binding activity than GG9. Both MABs also bound to five MOTT species, albeit at varied levels. This non-selective binding to different mycobacterial species suggests a potential role for GG9 and JG7 as adjunctive agents in anti-TB chemotherapy with the aim to enhance bacterial killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kudzai B. Nyazema
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Bong-Akee Shey
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Clara J. Sei
- Vaccine and Antibody Development, Longhorn Vaccines and Diagnostics, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Remco P.H. Peters
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
- Foundation for Professional Development, Research Unit, East London, South Africa
| | - Nontuthuko E. Maningi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Gerald W. Fischer
- Vaccine and Antibody Development, Longhorn Vaccines and Diagnostics, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - P. Bernard Fourie
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
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3
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Krishnananthasivam S, Li H, Bouzeyen R, Shunmuganathan B, Purushotorman K, Liao X, Du F, Friis CGK, Crawshay-Williams F, Boon LH, Xinlei Q, Chan CEZ, Sobota R, Kozma M, Barcelli V, Wang G, Huang H, Floto A, Bifani P, Javid B, MacAry PA. An anti-LpqH human monoclonal antibody from an asymptomatic individual mediates protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:127. [PMID: 37626082 PMCID: PMC10457302 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Whilst a functional role for humoral immunity in Mtb protection remains poorly defined, previous studies have suggested that antibodies can contribute towards host defense. Thus, identifying the critical components in the antibody repertoires from immune, chronically exposed, healthy individuals represents an approach for identifying new determinants for natural protection. In this study, we performed a thorough analysis of the IgG/IgA memory B cell repertoire from occupationally exposed, immune volunteers. We detail the identification and selection of a human monoclonal antibody that exhibits protective activity in vivo and show that it targets a virulence factor LpqH. Intriguingly, protection in both human ex vivo and murine challenge experiments was isotype dependent, with most robust protection being mediated via IgG2 and IgA. These data have important implications for our understanding of natural mucosal immunity for Mtb and highlight a new target for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivankari Krishnananthasivam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rania Bouzeyen
- Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | | | - Kiren Purushotorman
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xinlei Liao
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fengjiao Du
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Claudia Guldager Kring Friis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Felicity Crawshay-Williams
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Low Heng Boon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qian Xinlei
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Conrad En Zuo Chan
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Laboratories, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Radoslaw Sobota
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mary Kozma
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Valeria Barcelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guirong Wang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hairong Huang
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Andreas Floto
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pablo Bifani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Babak Javid
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Paul A MacAry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Dewi DNSS, Mertaniasih NM, Soedarsono, Hagino K, Yamazaki T, Ozeki Y, Artama WT, Kobayashi H, Inouchi E, Yoshida Y, Ishikawa S, Shaban AK, Tateishi Y, Nishiyama A, Ato M, Matsumoto S. Antibodies against native proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can detect pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12685. [PMID: 37542102 PMCID: PMC10403504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39436-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate point-of-care testing (POCT) is critical for managing tuberculosis (TB). However, current antibody-based diagnosis shows low specificity and sensitivity. To find proper antigen candidates for TB diagnosis by antibodies, we assessed IgGs responsiveness to Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins in pulmonary TB (PTB) patients. We employed major secreted proteins, such as Rv1860, Ag85C, PstS1, Rv2878c, Ag85B, and Rv1926c that were directly purified from M. tuberculosis. In the first screening, we found that IgG levels were significantly elevated in PTB patients only against Rv1860, PstS1, and Ag85B among tested antigens. However, recombinant PstS1 and Ag85B from Escherichia coli (E. coli) couldn't distinguish PTB patients and healthy controls (HC). Recombinant Rv1860 was not checked due to its little expression. Then, the 59 confirmed PTB patients from Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, and 102 HC were tested to Rv1860 and Ag85B only due to the low yield of the PstS1 from M. tuberculosis. The ROC analysis using native Ag85B and Rv1860 showed an acceptable area under curve for diagnosis, which is 0.812 (95% CI 0.734-0.890, p < 0.0001) and 0.821 (95% CI 0.752-0.890, p < 0.0001). This study indicates that taking consideration of native protein structure is key in developing TB's POCT by antibody-based diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desak Nyoman Surya Suameitria Dewi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, CitraLand CBD Boulevard, Made, Kec. Sambikerep, Surabaya, 60219, Indonesia.
| | - Ni Made Mertaniasih
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47, Surabaya, 60131, Indonesia.
- Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Soedarsono
- Sub-Pulmonology Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Komplek Barat RSAL Dr. Ramelan, Jl. Gadung No.1, Jagir, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
| | - Kimika Hagino
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yamazaki
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yuriko Ozeki
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Wayan Tunas Artama
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Fauna 2 Karangmalang, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
- One Health/Eco-Health Resource Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Utara, Barek, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Haruka Kobayashi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Erina Inouchi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yoshida
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishikawa
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
- Fukuyama Zoo, 276‑1, Fukuda, Ashida‑cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 720‑1264, Japan
| | - Amina Kaboso Shaban
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tateishi
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Akihito Nishiyama
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Manabu Ato
- Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Aoba-cho 4-2-1, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 189-0002, Japan
| | - Sohkichi Matsumoto
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi-Dori 1-757, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47, Surabaya, 60131, Indonesia.
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5
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Mao L, Xu L, Wang X, Xing Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Yuan W, Du J, Shi Z, Ma J, Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang X. Enhanced immunogenicity of the tuberculosis subunit Rv0572c vaccine delivered in DMT liposome adjuvant as a BCG-booster. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2022; 134:102186. [PMID: 35245739 PMCID: PMC8881818 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2022.102186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has affected the progress made in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis (TB); hence, the mortality of tuberculosis has risen. Different strategies-based novel TB vaccine candidates have been developed. This study identifies strategies to overcome the limitations of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in preventing latent infection and reactivation of TB. The latency antigen Rv0572c was selected based on the mechanism of interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its host. The rRv0572c protein was used to stimulate whole blood samples derived from patients with clinically diagnosed active TB (ATBs) or latent TB infections (LTBIs) and healthy control (HCs) donors, confirming that this protein can be recognized by T cells in patients with TB, especially LTBIs. C57BL/6 mice were used to investigate the immunogenicity of the rRv0572c protein emulsified in the liposome adjuvant dimethyldioctadecylammonium [DDA], monophosphoryl lipid A [MPLA], trehalose-6, 6′-dibehenate [TDB] (DMT). The results demonstrated that rRv0572c/DMT could boost BCG-primed mice to induce antigen-specific CD4+ T cell production and generate functional T cells dominated by antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. The rRv0572c/DMT vaccine could also trigger limited Th2 humoral immune responses. These findings suggest that rRv0572c/DMT is a potential subunit vaccine candidate that can be used as a booster vaccine for BCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Lifa Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
| | - Yingru Xing
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Zhongke Gengjiu Hospital, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jianpeng Du
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Zilun Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jilei Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Heping Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
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6
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Safar HA, Mustafa AS, McHugh TD. COVID-19 vaccine development: What lessons can we learn from TB? Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2020; 19:56. [PMID: 33256750 PMCID: PMC7702199 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-020-00402-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
At the time of writing, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has infected more than 49 million people causing more than 1.2 million deaths worldwide since its emergence from Wuhan, China in December 2019. Vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 has drawn the global attention in order to stop the spread of the virus, with more than 10 vaccines being tested in phase III clinical trials, as of November 2020. However, critical to vaccine development is consideration of the immunological response elicited as well as biological features of the vaccine and both need to be evaluated thoroughly. Tuberculosis is also a major infectious respiratory disease of worldwide prevalence and the vaccine development for tuberculosis has been ongoing for decades. In this review, we highlight some of the common features, challenges and complications in tuberculosis vaccine development, which may also be relevant for, and inform, COVID-19 vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain A Safar
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Abu Salim Mustafa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Timothy D McHugh
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
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7
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Nutritional status positively impacts humoral immunity against its Mycobacterium tuberculosis, disease progression, and vaccine development. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237062. [PMID: 32760105 PMCID: PMC7410285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional status contributes to the regulation of immune responses against pathogens, and malnutrition has been considered as a risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of TB, can modulate host lipid metabolism and induce lipid accumulation in macrophages, where the bacilli adopt a dormant phenotype. In addition, serum lipid components play dual roles in the regulation of and protection from Mtb infection. We analyzed the relationship between nutritional status and the humoral immune response in TB patients. We found that serum HDL levels are positively correlated with the serum IgA specific for Mtb antigens. Analysis of the relationship between serum nutritional parameters and clinical parameters in TB patients showed that serum albumin and CRP levels were negatively correlated before treatment. We also observed reduced serum LDL levels in TB patients following treatment. These findings may provide insight into the role of serum lipids in host immune responses against Mtb infection. Furthermore, improving the nutritional status may enhance vaccination efficacy.
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Safar HA, Mustafa AS, Amoudy HA, El-Hashim A. The effect of adjuvants and delivery systems on Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cytokine responses in mice immunized with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific proteins. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228381. [PMID: 32027660 PMCID: PMC7004338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem of global concern. The control of this disease requires appropriate preventive measures, including vaccines. In TB, T helper (Th)1 cytokines provide protection whereas Th2 and T regulatory (Treg) cytokines contribute to the pathogenesis and Th17 cytokines play a role in both protection and pathogenesis. Previous studies with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific proteins have identified seven low molecular weight proteins, PE35, ESXA, ESXB, Rv2346c, Rv2347c, Rv3619c, and Rv3620c, as immunodominant antigens inducing Th1-cell responses in humans following natural infection with M. tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to characterize the cytokine responses induced in mice immunized with these proteins, using various adjuvants and delivery systems, i.e. chemical adjuvants (Alum and IFA), non-pathogenic mycobacteria (M. smegmatis and M. vaccae) and a DNA vaccine plasmid (pUMVC6). The immune responses were monitored by quantifying the marker cytokines secreted by Th1 (IFN-ɣ), Th2 (IL-5), Treg (IL-10), and Th17 (IL-17A) cells. DNA corresponding to pe35, esxa, esxb, rv2346c, rv2347c, rv3619c, and rv3620c genes were cloned into the expression vectors pGES-TH-1, pDE22 and pUMVC6 for expression in Escherichia coli, mycobacteria and eukaryotic cells, respectively. Mice were immunized with the recombinants using different adjuvants and delivery systems, and spleen cells were stimulated in vitro with peptides of immunizing proteins to investigate antigen-specific secretion of Th1 (IFN-ɣ), Th2 (IL-5), Treg (IL-10), and Th17 (IL-17A) cytokines. The results showed that spleen cells, from mice immunized with all antigens, secreted the protective Th1 cytokine IFN-ɣ, except ESXB, with one or more adjuvants and delivery systems. However, only Rv3619c consistently induced Th1-biased responses, without the secretion of significant concentrations of Th2, Th17 and Treg cytokines, with all adjuvants and delivery systems. Rv3619c also induced antigen-specific IgG antibodies in immunized mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain A. Safar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Abu Salim Mustafa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- * E-mail:
| | - Hanady A. Amoudy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed El-Hashim
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Akkoç T, Genç D, Zibandeh N, Akkoç T. Intranasal ovalbumin immunotherapy with mycobacterial adjuvant promotes regulatory T cell accumulation in lung tissues. Microbiol Immunol 2018; 62:531-540. [PMID: 29989252 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy to induce T regulatory cells in the periphery has been used to treat allergic diseases. Mycobacteria can be used as an adjuvant for inducing T regulatory cells. However, it is unclear whether intranasal immunotherapy in combination with Mycobacteria adjuvant induces regulatory T cell differentiation and attenuates allergic responses in vivo. To investigate the role of intranasal ovalbumin (OVA) treatment alone and in combination with Mycobacteria vaccae, proportions of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells and anti-inflammatory responses were evaluated in a murine model of asthma that was established in three groups of bicistronic Foxp3EGFP reporter BALB/c mice. Before establishment of the asthma model, two groups of mice received intranasal OVA immunotherapy and one also received simultaneous s.c. M. vaccae. Expression of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+EGFP+ T cells in the lung and spleen was analyzed by flow cytometry and the cytokine profiles of allergen-stimulated lung and spleen lymphocytes assessed. The intranasal OVA immunotherapy group showed greater expression of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+EGFP+ T cells in the spleen whereas in the group that also received M. vaccae such greater expression was demonstrated in the lung. Additionally, the proportion of IL-10 and IFN-γ-secreting splenocytes was greater in the intranasal OVA + M. vaccae group. CD25 neutralization decreased CD4+ Foxp3+ cells more than other groups. In parallel with this finding, production of IL-10 and IFN-γ was down-regulated. Mucosal administration of OVA antigen results in a greater proportion of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in the spleen. IL-10 and IFN-γ induced by intranasal OVA immunotherapy and M. vaccae administration is down-regulated after CD25 neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunç Akkoç
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Genç
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Noushin Zibandeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tolga Akkoç
- Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli, Turkey
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10
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Ohara Y, Ozeki Y, Tateishi Y, Mashima T, Arisaka F, Tsunaka Y, Fujiwara Y, Nishiyama A, Yoshida Y, Kitadokoro K, Kobayashi H, Kaneko Y, Nakagawa I, Maekura R, Yamamoto S, Katahira M, Matsumoto S. Significance of a histone-like protein with its native structure for the diagnosis of asymptomatic tuberculosis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204160. [PMID: 30359374 PMCID: PMC6201868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis causes the highest mortality among all single infections. Asymptomatic tuberculosis, afflicting one third of the global human population, is the major source as 5–10% of asymptomatic cases develop active tuberculosis during their lifetime. Thus it is one of important issues to develop diagnostic tools for accurately detecting asymptomatic infection. Mycobacterial DNA-binding protein 1 (MDP1) is a major protein in persistent Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has potential for diagnostic use in detecting asymptomatic infection. However, a previous ELISA-based study revealed a specificity problem; IgGs against MDP1 were detected in both M. tuberculosis-infected and uninfected individuals. Although the tertiary structures of an antigen are known to influence antibody recognition, the MDP1 structural details have not yet been investigated. The N-terminal half of MDP1, homologous to bacterial histone-like protein HU, is predicted to be responsible for DNA-binding, while the C-terminal half is assumed as totally intrinsically disordered regions. To clarify the relationship between the MDP1 tertiary structure and IgG recognition, we refined the purification method, which allow us to obtain a recombinant protein with the predicted structure. Furthermore, we showed that an IgG-ELISA using MDP1 purified by our refined method is indeed useful in the detection of asymptomatic tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Ohara
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (YOh); (YOz); (SM)
| | - Yuriko Ozeki
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
- * E-mail: (YOh); (YOz); (SM)
| | - Yoshitaka Tateishi
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Mashima
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumio Arisaka
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasuo Tsunaka
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshie Fujiwara
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihito Nishiyama
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yoshida
- Department of Structural Pathology, Institute of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kengo Kitadokoro
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasakigosyokaido-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Kobayashi
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kaneko
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Osaka-City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakagawa
- Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryoji Maekura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital, 5-1-1 Toneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Jikei Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Saburo Yamamoto
- Central Laboratory, Japan BCG Laboratory, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Katahira
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sohkichi Matsumoto
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
- * E-mail: (YOh); (YOz); (SM)
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11
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Chen Y, Cao S, Liu Y, Zhang X, Wang W, Li C. Potential role for Rv2026c- and Rv2421c- specific antibody responses in diagnosing active tuberculosis. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 487:369-376. [PMID: 30195451 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The current diagnostic methods for tuberculosis (TB) have several limitations. Although commercial serological tests based on antibody detection are available, their variable accuracies limit their roles in the clinic. The aim of this study was to discover the improved biomarkers for TB disease by investigating the serum profiles of IgG and IgM antibodies against nearly all Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigens in 36 active TB patients and 18 healthy controls (HCs) using proteome microarrays. Our results revealed that multiple antigens could induce stronger serum IgG or IgM responses in TB patients compared to HCs, among them, Rv2026c and Rv2421c were further validated by ELISA with sera from 221 samples and showed the moderate performance in diagnosing TB by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Moreover, logistic regression analysis was performed to establish a combined panel that provided better sensitivity and specificity at 82.5% and 88.12%, respectively, than single antigens in the diagnosis of active TB. Furthermore, the antibody reactivity against Rv2026c and Rv2421c was correlated with clinical backgrounds. These results suggest that the combination of different antigens and classes of antibodies could provide promise and encouragement in developing an efficient serological test for the diagnosis of active TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Chen
- Institute for Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100095, China.; Department of Laboratory Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Shuhui Cao
- Institute for Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100095, China.; Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute for Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100095, China
| | - Xuxia Zhang
- Institute for Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100095, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute for Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100095, China
| | - Chuanyou Li
- Institute for Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100095, China..
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12
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Hamada K, Oishi K, Uehara S, Suetake R, Yamaji Y, Asami-Noyama M, Edakuni N, Hirano T, Sakamoto K, Matsumoto T, Matsunaga K. Deep Sternal Wound Tuberculosis with Hypo-gamma-globulinemia. Intern Med 2018; 57:2563-2566. [PMID: 29709943 PMCID: PMC6172533 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0617-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 44-year-old man was referred to our hospital for the treatment of a pulmonary and deep sternal wound tuberculosis infection, which is an extremely rare type of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Laboratory testing revealed a serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G level of 286 mg/dL, IgA of 22 mg/dL and IgM of 13 mg/dL. We therefore diagnosed him with hypo-gamma-globulinemia. He was treated with anti-tuberculosis medications and intravenous immunoglobulin. At present, the tuberculosis has not relapsed in the past six years. It may be useful to assess the humoral immunity status in tuberculosis patients with a normal T cell function, and immunoglobulin therapy may be beneficial for protecting such patients from reactivation of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Hamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Keiji Oishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Sho Uehara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Ryo Suetake
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yamaji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Maki Asami-Noyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Edakuni
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Tsunahiko Hirano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yamaguchi-Ube Medical Center, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yamaguchi-Ube Medical Center, Japan
| | - Kazuto Matsunaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan
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13
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Peptide-Based Immunotherapeutics and Vaccines 2017. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:4568239. [PMID: 30116752 PMCID: PMC6079504 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4568239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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14
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Longitudinal Evaluation of Humoral Immunity and Bacterial and Clinical Parameters Reveals That Antigen-Specific Antibodies Suppress Inflammatory Responses in Active Tuberculosis Patients. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:4928757. [PMID: 30069487 PMCID: PMC6057312 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4928757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel tuberculosis vaccine to replace BCG has long been desired. However, recent vaccine trials focused on cell-mediated immunity have failed to produce promising results. It is worth noting that most commercially available successful vaccines rely on humoral immunity. To establish a basic understanding of humoral immunity against tuberculosis, we analyzed and evaluated longitudinal levels and avidity of immunoglobulin to various tuberculosis antigens compared with bacterial and clinical parameters during treatment. We found that levels of IgG antibodies against HrpA and HBHA prior to treatment exhibited a positive correlation with bacterial burden. Analysis of changes in CRP during treatment revealed an association with high levels of specific IgG and IgA antibodies against mycobacterial antigens. Levels of CRP prior to treatment were negatively associated with IgG avidity to CFP-10 and MDP1 and IgA avidity to HrpA, while IgA avidity to MDP1 and Acr exhibited a negative correlation with CRP levels after 60 days of treatment. These results may provide insight for the development of a novel tuberculosis (TB) vaccine candidate to induce protective humoral immunity against tuberculosis.
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15
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Dynamics of Immune Responses during Experimental Mycobacterium kansasii Infection of Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:8354902. [PMID: 29967568 PMCID: PMC6008762 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8354902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To profile the dynamic changes of immune responses for M. kansasii infection, 3 cynomolgus monkeys were experimentally infected with M. kansasii by intratracheal inhalation of 1 × 106 CFU bacteria per monkey. Every 2 to 4 weeks, tuberculin skin testings (TSTs) were performed and blood samples were collected for immunoassay. Multiple cytokines in a single sample were measured by Luminex xMAP technologies. IgM and IgA were detected by double-antibody sandwich ELISA. IgG against PPD and 11 M. tuberculosis proteins were detected by using of indirect ELISA. At week 16, all animals were euthanized for necropsy and histological analysis. Positivities of TSTs emerged from week 2 to 6 postinfection. Leukocyte counts and T lymphocyte subsets experienced moderate increases. Among 44 kinds of cytokines, 36 kinds of them showed increases of different dynamic types and 8 kinds of them showed no specific changes. Total IgM and IgA showed a transient increase at an early infection stage. Positivities of M. tuberculosis specific IgM and IgA emerged as early as week 2 postinfection. All animals showed positive IgG against PPD and negative IgG responses to 38 kDa, MPT64L, TB16.3, 16 kDa, U1, and MTB81 antigens during the infection period. IgG against ESAT-6, CFP10, CFP10-ESAT-6, Ag85b, and 14 kDa antigens reached positive levels. The IgG avidities of PPD, ESAT-6, CFP10-ESAT-6, and Ag85b were all above 50 percent. In conclusion, the data indicate that M. kansasii infection in monkeys can induce positivities of TSTs, increases of multiple cytokines, and cross-reactive antibody responses to M. tuberculosis antigens.
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Abstract
Immunology is a central theme when it comes to tuberculosis (TB). The outcome of human infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is dependent on the ability of the immune response to clear or contain the infection. In cases where this fails, the bacterium replicates, disseminates within the host, and elicits a pathologic inflammatory response, and disease ensues. Clinical presentation of TB disease is remarkably heterogeneous, and the disease phenotype is largely dependent on host immune status. Onward transmission of M. tuberculosis to new susceptible hosts is thought to depend on an excessive inflammatory response causing a breakdown of the lung matrix and formation of lung cavities. But this varies in cases of underlying immunological dysfunction: for example, HIV-1 infection is associated with less cavitation, while diabetes mellitus comorbidity is associated with increased cavitation and risk of transmission. In compliance with the central theme of immunology in tuberculosis, we rely on detection of an adaptive immune response, in the form of interferon-gamma release assays or tuberculin skin tests, to diagnose infection with M. tuberculosis. Here we review the immunology of TB in the human host, focusing on cellular and humoral adaptive immunity as well as key features of innate immune responses and the underlying immunological dysfunction which associates with human TB risk factors. Our review is restricted to human immunology, and we highlight distinctions from the immunological dogma originating from animal models of TB, which pervade the field.
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17
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Jacobs AJ, Mongkolsapaya J, Screaton GR, McShane H, Wilkinson RJ. Antibodies and tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2016; 101:102-113. [PMID: 27865379 PMCID: PMC5120988 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem internationally, causing 9.6 million new cases and 1.5 million deaths worldwide in 2014. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine is the only licensed vaccine against TB, but its protective effect does not extend to controlling the development of infectious pulmonary disease in adults. The development of a more effective vaccine against TB is therefore a pressing need for global health. Although it is established that cell-mediated immunity is necessary for the control of latent infection, the presupposition that such immunity is sufficient for vaccine-induced protection has recently been challenged. A greater understanding of protective immunity against TB is required to guide future vaccine strategies against TB. In contrast to cell-mediated immunity, the human antibody response against M.tb is conventionally thought to exert little immune control over the course of infection. Humoral responses are prominent during active TB disease, and have even been postulated to contribute to immunopathology. However, there is evidence to suggest that specific antibodies may limit the dissemination of M.tb, and potentially also play a role in prevention of infection via mucosal immunity. Further, antibodies are now understood to confer protection against a range of intracellular pathogens by modulating immunity via Fc-receptor mediated phagocytosis. In this review, we will explore the evidence that antibody-mediated immunity could be reconsidered in the search for new vaccine strategies against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J Jacobs
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom; Clinical Infectious Diseases Research Initiative and Department of Medicine, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa.
| | | | - Gavin R Screaton
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Helen McShane
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Wilkinson
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom; Clinical Infectious Diseases Research Initiative and Department of Medicine, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 2AT, United Kingdom
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18
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Vemula MH, Ganji R, Sivangala R, Jakkala K, Gaddam S, Penmetsa S, Banerjee S. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Zinc Metalloprotease-1 Elicits Tuberculosis-Specific Humoral Immune Response Independent of Mycobacterial Load in Pulmonary and Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:418. [PMID: 27065979 PMCID: PMC4814508 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, facultative intracellular pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the tuberculosis (TB) causing bacilli in human is cleared by cell-mediated immunity (CMI) with CD4+ T cells playing instrumental role in protective immunity, while antibody-mediated immunity (AMI) is considered non-protective. This longstanding convention has been challenged with recent evidences of increased susceptibility of hosts with compromised AMI and monoclonal antibodies conferring passive protection against TB and other intracellular pathogens. Therefore, novel approaches toward vaccine development include strategies aiming at induction of humoral response along with CMI. This necessitates the identification of mycobacterial proteins with properties of immunomodulation and strong immunogenicity. In this study, we determined the immunogenic potential of M. tuberculosis Zinc metalloprotease-1 (Zmp1), a secretory protein essential for intracellular survival and pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis. We observed that Zmp1 was secreted by in vitro grown M. tuberculosis under granuloma-like stress conditions (acidic, oxidative, iron deficiency, and nutrient deprivation) and generated Th2 cytokine microenvironment upon exogenous treatment of peripheral blood mononulear cells PBMCs with recombinant Zmp1 (rZmp1). This was supported by recording specific and robust humoral response in TB patients in a cohort of 295. The anti-Zmp1 titers were significantly higher in TB patients (n = 121) as against healthy control (n = 62), household contacts (n = 89) and non-specific infection controls (n = 23). A significant observation of the study is the presence of equally high titers of anti-Zmp1 antibodies in a range of patients with high bacilli load (sputum bacilli load of 300+ per mL) to paucibacillary smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases. This clearly indicated the potential of Zmp1 to evoke an effective humoral response independent of mycobacterial load. Such mycobacterial proteins can be explored as antigen candidates for prime-boost vaccination strategies or extrapolated as markers for disease detection and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani H Vemula
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Hyderabad, India
| | - Rakesh Ganji
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Hyderabad, India
| | - Ramya Sivangala
- Department of Immunology, Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Center Hyderabad, India
| | - Kiran Jakkala
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Hyderabad, India
| | - Sumanlatha Gaddam
- Department of Immunology, Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research CenterHyderabad, India; Department of Genetics, Osmania UniversityHyderabad, India
| | | | - Sharmistha Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Hyderabad, India
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Ayala JC, Pimienta E, Rodríguez C, Sarzo M, Jones J, Vallín C, Guerrero A, Milanés MT, Anné J, Mellaert LV, Huygen K. Assessment of an ELISA for serodiagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis in a Cuban population. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)60943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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