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Qiu J, Xiao G, Yang M, Huang X, Cai D, Xie C, Chen Z, Bi X, Xu A. Integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics reveal the mechanisms of Jasminum elongatum in anti-ulcerative colitis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22449. [PMID: 38105335 PMCID: PMC10725889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49792-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Jasminum elongatum (JE), an ethnic Chinese medicine, is widely used in the Lingnan region of China, because of its analgesic and antidiarrheal action, as well as its anti-inflammatory effects in gastrointestinal diseases. However, whether JE could against ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. This research aims to reveal JE in treating UC and clarify the underlying mechanism. We used the 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mice (C57BL/6J) to evaluate the therapeutic effects of JE. Metabolomics of serum and network pharmacology were combined to draw target-metabolite pathways. Apart from that, the targets of associated pathways were confirmed, and the mechanism of action was made clear, using immunohistochemistry. The pharmacodynamic results, including disease activity index (DAI), histological evaluation, and inflammatory cytokines in colon tissues, demonstrated that JE significantly relieved the physiological and pathological symptoms of UC. Network pharmacology analysis indicated 25 core targets, such as TNF, IL-6, PTGS2 and RELA, and four key pathways, including the NF-κB signaling pathway and arachidonic acid metabolism pathway, which were the key connections between JE and UC. Metabolomics analysis identified 45 endogenous differential metabolites and 9 metabolic pathways by enrichment, with the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway being the main metabolism pathway, consistent with the prediction of network pharmacology. IκB, p65 and COX-2 were identified as key targets and this study demonstrated for the first time that JE reverses 2.5% DSS-induced UC in mice via the IκB/p65/COX-2/arachidonic acid pathway. This study reveals the complex mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of JE on UC and provides a new approach to identifying the underlying mechanisms of the pharmacological action of Chinese natural medicines such as JE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Qiu
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Guanlin Xiao
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Minjuan Yang
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xuejun Huang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Dake Cai
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Canhui Xie
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Xiaoli Bi
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
| | - Aili Xu
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
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Yun Y, Shi H, Wang Y, Yang F, Zhang Y, Feng H, Chen J, Wang X. Pre-Protection and Mechanism of Crude Extracts from Dioscorea alata L. on H 2O 2-Induced IPEC-J2 Cells Oxidative Damage. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081401. [PMID: 37106964 PMCID: PMC10135252 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purple tubers of Dioscorea alata L. have been found to contain a variety of bioactive chemical components, including anthocyanins, which make it significant to investigate the pre-protective effects of Dioscorea alata L. and its crude extracts on cells prior to oxidative stress. To establish a suitable oxidative damage model, an injured model of IPEC-J2 cells was created using H2O2 as the oxidant. Specifically, when the concentration of H2O2 was 120 μmol/L and the injured time was 8 h, the survival rate of cells decreased to approximately 70%, and the cells exhibited a noticeable oxidative stress reaction. Moreover, the crude extracts of Dioscorea alata L. demonstrated beneficial pre-protective effects on IPEC-J2 cells by increasing the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and catalase (CAT) activities, augmenting the expression of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and its genes, reducing the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and its expression of genes, and promoting the expression of glucose transporter SGLT1 gene while reducing that of GULT2 gene, thereby facilitating the entry of anthocyanins into cells. In addition, the 50 μg/mL crude extracts effectively inhibited the phosphorylation of IκB and the p65 protein, thus reducing cellular oxidative stress. Given these findings, Dioscorea alata L. can be considered a natural antioxidant for practical breeding and production purposes, with an optimal concentration of crude extracts in this experiment being 50 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Yun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Huiyu Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yanyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Fengyuan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haibo Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Junpu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Guo Y, Zou Y, Chen Y, Deng D, Zhang Z, Liu K, Tang M, Yang T, Fu S, Zhang C, Si W, Ma Z, Zhang S, Peng B, Xu D, Chen L. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of purine-based derivatives as novel JAK2/BRD4(BD2) dual target inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2023; 132:106386. [PMID: 36702002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Based on the pharmacological synergy of JAK2 and BRD4 in the NF-κB pathway and positive therapeutic effect of combination of JAK2 and BRD4 inhibitors in treating MPN and inflammation. A series of unique 9H-purine-2,6-diamine derivatives that selectively inhibited Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and BRD4(BD2) were designed, prepared, and evaluated for their in vitro and in vivo potency. Among them, compound 9j exhibited acceptable inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 13 and 22 nM for BD2 of BRD4 and JAK2, respectively. The western blot assay demonstrated that 9j performed good functional potency in the NF-κB pathway and the phosphorylation of p65, IκB-α, and IKKα/β signal intensities were suppressed on RAW264.7 cell lines. Furthermore, 9j significantly improved the disease symptoms in a Ba/F3-JAK2V617F allograft model. Meanwhile, 9j was also effective in relieving symptoms in an acute ulcerative colitis model. Taken together, 9j was a potent JAK2/BRD4(BD2) dual target inhibitor and could be a potential lead compound in treating myeloproliferative neoplasms and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yurong Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dexin Deng
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kongjun Liu
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Minghai Tang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Suhong Fu
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chufeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenting Si
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ziyan Ma
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shunjie Zhang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dingguo Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Shen JC, Qi Q, Han D, Lu Y, Huang R, Zhu Y, Zhang LS, Qin XD, Zhang F, Wu HG, Liu HR. Moxibustion improves experimental colitis in rats with Crohn's disease by regulating bile acid enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 21:194-204. [PMID: 36740466 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of intestinal inflammation and barrier repair in Crohn's disease (CD) regulated by moxibustion through bile acid (BA) enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR). METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, CD model group, mild moxibustion group and herb-partitioned moxibustion group. CD model rats induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid were treated with mild moxibustion or herb-partitioned moxibustion at Tianshu (ST25) and Qihai (CV6). The changes in CD symptoms were rated according to the disease activity index score, the serum and colon tissues of rats were collected, and the pathological changes in colon tissues were observed via histopathology. Western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the improvement of moxibustion on intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier in CD by the BA-FXR pathway. RESULTS Mild moxibustion and herb-partitioned moxibustion improved the symptoms of CD, inhibited inflammation and repaired mucosal damage to the colon in CD rats. Meanwhile, moxibustion could improve the abnormal expression of BA in the colon, liver and serum, downregulate the expression of interferon-γ and upregulate the expression of FXR mRNA, and inhibit Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) mRNA. The IHC results showed that moxibustion could upregulate the expression of FXR and mucin2 and inhibit TLR4 expression. Western blot showed that moxibustion inhibited the protein expression of TLR4 and MyD88 and upregulated the expression of FXR. Immunofluorescence image analysis showed that moxibustion increased the colocalization sites and intensity of FXR with TLR4 or nuclear factor-κB p65. In particular, herb-partitioned moxibustion has more advantages in improving BA and upregulating FXR and TLR4 in the colon. CONCLUSION Mild moxibustion and herb-partitioned moxibustion can improve CD by regulating the enterohepatic circulation stability of BA, activating colonic FXR, regulating the TLR4/MyD88 pathway, inhibiting intestinal inflammation and repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier. Herb-partitioned moxibustion seems to have more advantages in regulating BA enterohepatic circulation and FXR activation. Please cite this article as: Shen JC, Qi Q, Han D, Lu Y, Huang R, Zhu Y, Zhang LS, Qin XD, Zhang F, Wu HG, Liu HR. Moxibustion improves experimental colitis in rats with Crohn's disease by regulating bile acid enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor. J Integr Med. 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qin Qi
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Dong Han
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lin-Shan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiu-di Qin
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huan-Gan Wu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Hui-Rong Liu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Li B, Yuan L, Liu P, Geng Z, Zhang K, Jiang H, Sui H, Zhang B. Moxibustion attenuates inflammation in intestinal mucosal by regulating RAGE-mediated TLR4-NF-κBp65 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:4278-4294. [PMID: 35836884 PMCID: PMC9274590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effect of moxibustion on the RAGE/TLR4-NF-κBp65 pathways and mucosal damage in rat model of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu)-induced intestinal mucositis (IM) and the underlying mechanisms. 5-Fu treatment significantly increased the expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and its ligand, thehigh-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), in the rat intestinal tissue. The inhibition of RAGE could induce the repair of intestinal mucosal damage and downregulate the expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65 in intestinal tissues of 5-Fu-treated rats. Moxibustion treatment significantly improved the physical symptoms and repaired the intestinal mucosal damage of IM rats and increased the expression of tight junction proteins in these rats. The expression of RAGE, HMGB1, TLR4, NF-κBp65, and related downstream inflammatory factors, namely, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β, were significantly decreased after moxibustion treatment. A moxibustion dose of 15 min/day exerted a better therapeutic effect than a dose of 30 min/day. The phosphorylation of NF-κBp65 and IκBa is involved in reducing inflammation by regulating the RAGE signaling pathway. Moxibustion can reduce intestinal mucosal damage and inflammation in 5-Fu-induced IM rats via modulation of the RAGE/TLR4-NF-κBp65 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingrong Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixiang Geng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiyong Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiru Jiang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Sui
- Medical Experiment Center, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 201803, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bimeng Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080, People’s Republic of China
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Jo HR, Sung WS, Jung CY, Lim CY, Lee SD, Hong SU, Kim KH, Kim EJ. Effectiveness and safety of electric heating moxibustion for perennial allergic rhinitis: A pilot, randomized, assessor-blind trial. Complement Ther Med 2022; 68:102835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Moxibustion Inhibits the Expression of Colonic NLRP3 through miR7/RNF183/NF- κB Signaling Pathway in UC Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6519063. [PMID: 34777536 PMCID: PMC8580674 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6519063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Moxibustion has been recognized as an effective approach for ulcerative colitis, yet its mechanism is not clear. The research aimed to investigate the influence of moxibustion on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and its mechanism in treating ulcerative colitis by observing miR7/RNF183 inducing IκB α ubiquitination to regulate NF-κB signaling pathway in an ulcerative colitis rat model. Methods An ulcerative colitis rat model was established by unlimited access to self-administration of 3.5% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium solution. Mild moxibustion was applied to bilateral Tianshu points (ST25) in the moxa-stick moxibustion group; rats in the control group were intervened by intraperitoneal injection of ubiquitination inhibitor, MG132. The disease activity index was determined at the end of the intervention; colon injury was observed and scored after hematoxylin-eosin staining; the immunohistochemical method was adopted to detect the expressions of colonic IL-1β and NLRP3 proteins; Western blot determined the expressions of RNF183, IκB α, and NF-κB p65 proteins in the colon; the immunofluorescence test was used to observe the coexpression of IκB α/ubiquitin and IκB α/RNF183 proteins in the colon; immunoprecipitation assay was adopted to observe the interaction between IκB α and RNF183 proteins; and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction determined the expression of colonic miR7. Results Moxibustion lowered the disease activity index, manifesting as restored colonic tissue and reduced inflammatory reaction, and decreased expression levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β proteins, compared with the model group. It also reduced colonic expression of NF-κB p65 protein, together with the increased level of IκB α protein and weaker expression levels of ubiquitin and RNF183 proteins and mRNAs and stronger expression of miR7. There were no significant differences between the moxa-stick moxibustion group and the control group except the expressions of RNF183 protein and mRNA and miR7. Conclusion Moxibustion encourages the recovery of colon injury probably by regulating the expression of NLRP3 protein in ulcerative colitis rats through miR7/RNF183/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Zheng Y, Jiang X, Gao Y, Yuan L, Wang X, Wu S, Xia Y, Yao L, Yan J, Liu L, Wei Y, Song Z, Yu L, Chen Y. Microbial Profiles of Patients With Antipsychotic-Related Constipation Treated With Electroacupuncture. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:737713. [PMID: 34722577 PMCID: PMC8551555 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.737713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antipsychotic-related constipation (APRC) is one of the most common side effects of taking antipsychotic medication. APRC can seriously impact patient quality of life and is potentially fatal, though the efficacy of current APRC treatments is low for most patients. In this study, we conducted a controlled, pilot randomized, sham-electroacupuncture (SEA) study to assess the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) in patients with APRC. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess the microbial profiles of these patients and analyze how EA treatments affected their bacteria. Methods: We treated 133 APRC patients with randomly assigned EA treatments or SEA treatments for 4 consecutive weeks, fully evaluating the patients 8 weeks after treatment. The participants, outcome assessors, and statistics were all blind to the EA and SEA treatments. Outcomes assessed included changes in spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) and the frequency of rescue measures. We detected assessed the microbial diversity of stool specimens both before and after EA treatment using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: Both EA and SEA treatments reduced the need for constipation rescue measures and did not have serious side effects. EA treatments were better than SEA treatments at increasing SBMs and reducing rescue measures. The diversity of gut microbiota changed after EA treatment. LEfSe analysis indicated changes in the genus (belonging to phylum Proteobacteria) of gut microbiota in patients following EA treatment. Conclusions: This study found that EA treatment is effective and safe for patients with APRC, and could be associated with changes in their microbial profiles. Further study, with larger sample sizes, is needed to explore the efficacy of EA intervention as a clinical treatment for APRC. Trial Registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR-ONC-17010842, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=18420.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjia Zheng
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiumin Jiang
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yacen Gao
- Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lexin Yuan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengwei Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yucen Xia
- Research Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Yao
- Research Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jinglan Yan
- Research Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lanying Liu
- Department of Psychosomatics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingdong Wei
- Medical Administration Division, Shenyang Anning Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Song
- The Third People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Lin Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Research Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Genome-Wide Regulation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion on Ulcerative Colitis Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9945121. [PMID: 34659440 PMCID: PMC8519700 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9945121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture and moxibustion have definite clinical effects on treating ulcerative colitis (UC), but their mechanism is still unclear. To investigate the molecular mechanisms, we applied herb-partitioned moxibustion or electroacupuncture at the Tianshu (ST25) points on UC rats and used RNA sequencing to identify molecular consequences. Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 6 groups randomly: the normal control (NC) group, the control + herb-partitioned moxibustion (NCHM) group, the control + electroacupuncture (NCEA) group, the model (UC) group, the model + herb-partitioned moxibustion (UCHM) group, and the model + electroacupuncture (UCEA) group. Compared to the UC group, HE staining in the UCHM group and UCEA group indicated that colitis was relieved, the histopathological score and MPO were both significantly reduced, and the serum hs-CRP concentration was decreased significantly. The results of RNA-seq suggested that, compared to the NC group, 206 upregulated genes and 167 downregulated genes were identified in colon tissues from the UC group; compared to the UC group, the expression levels of some genes were both affected in the UCHM group and the UCEA group (684 differentially expressed genes were identified in the UCHM group, and 1182 differentially expressed genes were identified in the UCEA group). KEGG signal pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes in the UCHM group were associated with the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and cell adhesion molecule (CAM); the differentially expressed genes in the UCEA group were associated with the NF-κB signaling pathway, the toll-like receptor signaling pathways, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, and the Wnt signaling pathway. This is the first study to reveal the gene expression characteristics of the anti-inflammatory effect of UC rats from the perspective of acupuncture and moxibustion control, which provide a clue for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms of UC treatment by acupuncture and moxibustion.
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Morsy MA, Khalaf HM, Rifaai RA, Bayoumi AMA, Khalifa EMMA, Ibrahim YF. Canagliflozin, an SGLT-2 inhibitor, ameliorates acetic acid-induced colitis in rats through targeting glucose metabolism and inhibiting NOX2. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111902. [PMID: 34328119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease is defined as chronic noninfectious inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Its incidence and predominance have increased globally, with no effective agents for preventing its recurrence or treatment until now. AIM The current study aimed to investigate the possible role of canagliflozin (CANA), a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2), to prevent and treat acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis in a rat model. METHODS Colitis was induced in male Wistar rats by intrarectal instillation of 1 ml of 4% (v/v) AA. Rats were treated orally with either CANA (30 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 10 days before or after colitis induction or sulfasalazine (360 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 10 days before colitis induction. RESULTS AA resulted in a significant increase in disease activity index, colonic weight over length ratio, colon macroscopic damage score, and histological signs of colitis. All of these effects were significantly decreased by CANA administration. Additionally, CANA markedly inhibited AA-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by significantly reducing the up-regulated levels in malondialdehyde, total nitrite, NF-κB, interleukin-1β, and TNF-α, and significantly increasing the down-regulated levels in reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and interleukin-10. CANA significantly inhibited caspase-3 level while rescued survivin expression in colons. Finally, CANA reduced the elevated levels of pyruvic acid and G6PDH activity, as well as the levels of p22phox and NOX2 in the AA-induced colitis. CONCLUSION Our findings provide novel evidence that CANA has protective and therapeutic effects against AA-induced colitis by the impact of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
| | - Hanaa M Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Rifaai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M A Bayoumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Esraa M M A Khalifa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, El-Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Yasmine F Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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Herb-partitioned moxibustion alleviates colonic inflammation in Crohn's disease rats by inhibiting hyperactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via regulation of the P2X7R-Pannexin-1 signaling pathway. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252334. [PMID: 34043726 PMCID: PMC8158928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease and the NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in Crohn's disease. Previous studies have shown that Herb-partitioned moxibustion treating (at Qihai (CV 6) and Tianshu (ST 25)) prevented the excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and repaired damaged colonic mucosa in Crohn's disease. However, the mechanism by which Herb-partitioned moxibustion (at CV 6 and ST 25) regulates NLRP3 remains unclear. In this study, we treated Crohn's disease rats with herb-partitioned moxibustion (at CV 6 and ST 25) to investigate the mechanism by which Herb-partitioned moxibustion regulates the colonic NLRP3 inflammasome by observing colon length, the colon macroscopic damage indexes, and the expression of ATP, P2X7R, Pannexin-1, NF-κBp65, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in the colon in Crohn's disease. Here, this study shows that herb-partitioned moxibustion (at CV 6 and ST 25) can reduce colon macroscopic damage indexes and colon histopathological scores, alleviate colon shortening and block the abnormal activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by inhibiting the ATP content and the expression of P2X7R, Pannexin-1 and NF-κBp65, thereby reducing the release of the downstream inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and ultimately suppressing colonic inflammation in Crohn's disease rats. This study for the first time identifies the mechanism by which herb-partitioned moxibustion (at CV 6 and ST 25) may inhibit the abnormal activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by inhibiting the P2X7R-Pannexin-1 signaling pathway in Crohn's disease rats.
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Yaghoubi A, Davoodi J, Asgharzadeh F, Rezaie S, Nazari E, Khazaei M, Soleimanpour S. Therapeutic effect of an anti-tuberculosis agent, isoniazid, and its nano-isoform in ulcerative colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107577. [PMID: 33812254 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isoniazid (INH) is well known as a first-line anti-tuberculosis, while some studies demonstrate that it has anti-inflammatory activity via a different mechanism such as inhibitionthe production of IL-1, ROS, activation of PPARγ expression, inhibition of the transcriptional regulatory activity of NF-κB and AP-1. The aim of this study, investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of INH and INH combined with Sulfasalazine-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) in the ulcerative colitis mouse model. METHODS To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of INH and NPs in the ulcerative colitis mice model, we evaluated the effect of INH clinical symptoms and colonic mucosal histology in colitis. RESULT The present study demonstrates that combination therapy of INH with sulfasalazine as well as NPs reduces the symptom of ulcerative colitis and improved disease activity index include body lose weight, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, colonic length, spleen weight, and colon histopathological score in DSS-induced colitis mice model. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the nanoforms of INH with sulfasalazine enhances the therapeutic effect of the drugs in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Yaghoubi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javid Davoodi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sajad Rezaie
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elnaz Nazari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Saman Soleimanpour
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Comparison of the Effects of Essential Oil Obtained from the Crude and Bran-Processed Atractylodes lancea on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Injury of Human Colonic Epithelial Cells by Downregulating the IKK/NF- κB Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5219129. [PMID: 33628299 PMCID: PMC7884137 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5219129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Atractylodes lancea (AL) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various diseases including digestive disorders. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common digestive system disease with a low cure rate and easy recurrence. However, it is still not clear whether AL is suitable for UC treatment. Currently, stir-baking with wheat bran is most commonly used to process AL. Here, we aimed to address the effects of the crude and bran-processed AL on UC in vitro and uncover the underlying mechanism based on regulating the IKK/NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Methods Human colonic epithelial cells (HCoEpiC) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic the inflammatory injury of UC in vitro. The essential oil from crude and bran-processed AL was used to treat LPS-induced HcoEpiC cells. The cell viability was detected by an MTT assay. The levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-1-β, TNF-α, and NO were determined by ELISA, and the mRNA expressions of IKK-α, NF-κB, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were determined by RT-PCR. Meanwhile, the expressions of IKK-α, p-IKK-α, p-IKK-β, NF-κB, IL-6, and IL-8 proteins were determined by Western blot. Results The essential oil of AL, whether it was from crude or bran-processed AL, could significantly increase the viability of LPS-induced HCoEpiC cells. The treatment of AL essential oil also notably inhibited the productions of IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-1-β, TNF-α, NO, p-IKK-α, p-IKK-β, and NF-κB and downregulated the mRNA expressions of NF-κB, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. Meanwhile, IL-4 protein and mRNA expression were significantly stimulated by AL essential oil. Moreover, the essential oil from bran-processed AL was more effective than that from crude AL. Conclusion Both kinds of AL essential oil had the anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-induced HCoEpiC, and the essential oil from bran-processed AL was more effective. The mechanism could be through the IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro.
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Chu YJ, Ma WD, Thome R, Ping JD, Liu FZ, Wang MR, Zhang ML, Zhang G, Zhu L. Matrine Inhibits CNS Autoimmunity Through an IFN-β-Dependent Mechanism. Front Immunol 2020; 11:569530. [PMID: 33101289 PMCID: PMC7546369 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.569530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine (MAT), a quinolizidine alkaloid component derived from the root of Sophora flavescens, suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), by inducing the production of immunomodulatory molecules, e.g., IL-10. In an effort to find the upstream pathway(s) of the mechanism underlying these effects, we have tested certain upregulated immunomodulatory molecules. Among them, we found increased levels of IL-27 and IFN-β, one of the first-line MS therapies. Indeed, while low levels of IFN-β production in sera and type I interferon receptor (IFNAR1) expression in spinal cord of saline-treated control EAE mice were detected, they were significantly increased after MAT treatment. Increased numbers of CD11b+IFN-β+ microglia/infiltrating macrophages were observed in the CNS of MAT-treated mice. The key role of IFN-β induction in the suppressive effect of MAT on EAE was further verified by administration of anti-IFN-β neutralizing antibody, which largely reversed the therapeutic effect of MAT. Further, we found that, while MAT treatment induced production of IL-27 and IL-10 by CNS microglia/macrophages, this effect was significantly reduced by IFN-β neutralizing antibody. Finally, the role of IFN-β in MAT-induced IL-27 and IL-10 production was further confirmed in human monocytes in vitro. Together, our study demonstrates that MAT exerts its therapeutic effect in EAE through an IFN-β/IL-27/IL-10 pathway, and is likely a novel, safe, low-cost, and effective therapy as an alternative to exogenous IFN-β for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Juan Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen-Di Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rodolfo Thome
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jie-Dan Ping
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fang-Zhou Liu
- Henan Province Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng-Ru Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming-Liang Zhang
- Henan Province Engineering Laboratory for Clinical Evaluation Technology of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangxian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Yan X, Ma F, Yu Y, Du D, Wang Z, Chen C, Zhang X, Sun X, Dong Z, Ma Y, Ma Y. Effects of herb-partitioned moxibustion for ulcerative colitis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21319. [PMID: 32756115 PMCID: PMC7402751 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory disease of the colonic mucosa. Herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) treatment has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of UC. However, there is still a lack of high-quality evidence to support the effectiveness and safety of HPM on patients with UC. This study will aim to systematically explore the efficacy of HPM for the treatment of UC. METHODS We will search the electronic databases of Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials, China national knowledge infrastructure database (CNKI), Wan fang database, Chongqing VIP information, and SinoMed from their inception to June 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of HPM for the treatment of UC will be included. RevMan 5.3 software (The Nordic Cochrane Center, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark) will be applied for statistical analysis. RESULTS The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. CONCLUSION The conclusion of our systematic review will provide more appropriate evidence-based decisions to assist clinicians during the decision-making process when dealing with UC.
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Lu PD, Zhao YH. Targeting NF-κB pathway for treating ulcerative colitis: comprehensive regulatory characteristics of Chinese medicines. Chin Med 2020; 15:15. [PMID: 32063999 PMCID: PMC7011253 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-0296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a kind of multi-functional nuclear transcription factor involved in regulating gene transcription to influence pathological evolution of inflammatory and immune diseases. Numerous literature evidence that NF-κB pathway plays an essential role in pathogenic development of ulcerative colitis (UC). UC is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease, and until now, therapeutic agents for UC including aminosalicylates, corticosteroids and immune inhibitors still cannot exert satisfied effects on patients. In recent years, Chinese medicines suggest the advantages of alleviating symptoms and signs, decreasing side-effects and recurrence, whose one of mechanisms is related to regulation of NF-κB pathway. In this review, we categorize Chinese medicines according to their traditional therapeutic functions, and summarize the characteristics of Chinese medicines targeting NF-κB pathway in UC treatment. It indicates that 85 kinds of Chinese medicines’ compounds and formulae can directly act on NF-κBp65; while 58 Chinese medicines’ ingredients and formulae indirectly suppress NF-κBp65 by regulation of its upstream or other related pathways. Moreover, by the analysis of Chinese medicines’ category based on their traditional functions, we conclude the category of dampness-drying and detoxificating medicine targeting NF-κB pathway accounts for primary status for amelioration of UC. Simultaneously, this review also contributes to the choices of Chinese medicine category and provides curative potential of Chinese medicines for clinical UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-De Lu
- 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Hua Zhao
- 2State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078 Macao, Special Administrative Region of China
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Pang X, Zhang P, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Liu H. Dexmedetomidine pretreatment attenuates isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity via inhibiting the TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathway in neonatal rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 112:104328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Gut Microbiota: A New Strategy to Study the Mechanism of Electroacupuncture and Moxibustion in Treating Ulcerative Colitis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:9730176. [PMID: 31354859 PMCID: PMC6632505 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9730176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have confirmed that acupuncture and moxibustion is an effective way for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the exact mechanism is unclear yet. In this study, DSS-induced UC mice were treated by electroacupuncture and moxibustion, and the genome of intestinal flora was subsequently detected by high-throughput sequencing in order to explore the detailed mechanism in terms of intestinal flora. The results indicated that the alpha diversity indices and beta diversity of intestinal flora were improved by electroacupuncture and moxibustion treatments, especially by the moxibustion treatment. These treatments inhibited Streptococcus, Odoribacter, and Allobaculum whereas it facilitated Lactobacillus on genus level. Further correlation analysis showed that the alpha diversity indices were positively correlated with the percentage of Treg cells in CD4+ cells but negatively correlated with the percentage of Th17 in CD4+ cells. These data indicated that both electroacupuncture and moxibustion can promote the intestinal flora diversity, providing a new view to understand the relationship between host and microbiome when using some external therapies.
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Kang B, Jung WM, Lee H, Chae Y. Psychophysical and psychophysiological effects of heat stimulation by electric moxibustion. Complement Ther Med 2018; 42:400-405. [PMID: 30670273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Traditional moxibustion might be not safe due to the excessive heat stimulation or toxic chemical components involved. Electric moxibustion (EM), which has been recently developed as an alternative, offers adjustable and constant heat stimulation. This study aimed to investigate the psychophysical and psychophysiological responses to EM heat stimulation. METHODS Twenty-seven healthy volunteers received two different levels of heat stimulation using EM. High-temperature (HT) and medium-temperature (MT) heat stimulations were randomly delivered at the TE5 acupoint on the left or right arm. Participants rated the intensity and the spatial information of the heat sensations immediately after each EM stimulation. Local blood flow around the acupoint was measured with Laser Doppler perfusion imaging before and after heat stimulation. RESULTS Both HT-EM and MT-EM induced considerable heat sensations and enhanced local blood flow around the acupoints. HT-EM resulted in greater heat sensation compared to MT-EM. HT-EM induced a higher increase in local blood flow around the stimulation site compared to MT-EM. No remarkable adverse effects were noted. CONCLUSION Two different levels of EM heat stimulation induced two different levels of heat sensations and enhanced local blood flow. This preliminary study suggests that the newly developed EM can be further applied to examine the effectiveness of moxibustion in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomku Kang
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Mo Jung
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejung Lee
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Younbyoung Chae
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang D, Ren YB, Wei K, Hong J, Yang YT, Wu LJ, Zhang J, Shi Z, Wu HG, Ma XP. Herb-partitioned moxibustion alleviates colon injuries in ulcerative colitis rats. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3384-3397. [PMID: 30122878 PMCID: PMC6092579 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i30.3384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To observe the effect of herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) on expression of colonic cytokines in ulcerative colitis (UC) rats.
METHODS A UC rat model was established by protein immunization in combination with topical chemical stimulation. Rats in the HPM group (n = 8) received HPM at bilateral Tianshu (ST25) points. The gross injury and pathological scores of the colon were recorded. The expression profile of colonic cytokines was assayed using the protein microarray technique. Specific differential cytokines were selected and verified by ELISA. The corresponding UniProt Accessions of the differentially expressed cytokines were retrieved in the UniProt database. The pathways involved were analyzed with the help of the KEGG PATHWAY database. The DAVID database was used for functional cluster and pathway analysis.
RESULTS HPM improved colon injuries in UC rats, manifested by accelerated repair of ulcers and alleviation of inflammation, and the gross injury and pathological scores both significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Fold change > 1.3 or < 0.77 was taken as the screening standard. There were 77 down-regulated and 9 up-regulated differentially expressed colonic cytokines in the HPM group compared with the model group, and expression of 20 differed significantly (P < 0.05). Twelve of the 20 significantly differentially expressed cytokines [β-catenin, interleukin-1 receptor 6 (IL-1R6), IL-1β, B7-1, nerve growth factor receptor, AMP-activated protein kinase-α1, neuropilin-2, orexin A, adipocyte differentiation-related protein, IL-2, Fas and FasL] were up-regulated in the model group (n = 3, compared with the normal group) but down-regulated in the HPM group (n = 3, compared with the model group). Functional cluster analysis showed that the differentially expressed colonic cytokines in the HPM group regulated apoptosis and protein phosphorylation. KEGG pathway analysis showed that 52 down-regulated and 7 up-regulated differentially expressed colonic cytokines in the HPM group had pathways. The pathways that interacted between the cytokines and their receptors accounted for the largest proportion (28 of the down-regulated and 5 of the up-regulated cytokines).
CONCLUSION HPM promotes the repair of colon injuries in UC rats, which is related to the regulation of several abnormally expressed cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yan-Bo Ren
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, North Branch of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201907, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jue Hong
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yan-Ting Yang
- Yueyang Clinical Medicine School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li-Jie Wu
- Yueyang Clinical Medicine School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Yueyang Clinical Medicine School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zheng Shi
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huan-Gan Wu
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Ma
- Laboratory of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Yueyang Clinical Medicine School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Qi Q, Liu YN, Jin XM, Zhang LS, Wang C, Bao CH, Liu HR, Wu HG, Wang XM. Moxibustion treatment modulates the gut microbiota and immune function in a dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis rat model. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3130-3144. [PMID: 30065559 PMCID: PMC6064969 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i28.3130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect and mechanism of moxibustion in rats with ulcerative colitis.
METHODS A rat colitis model was established by administering 4% dextran sulphate sodium solution. Seventy male rats were randomly divided into seven groups: Healthy controls (HC), ulcerative colitis model group (UC), UC with 7 d of moxibustion (UC-7), UC with 14 d of moxibustion (UC-14), UC with mesalazine gavage (UC-W), HC with 7 d of moxibustion (HC-7), HC with 14 d of moxibustion (HC-14). Moxibustion was applied to the bilateral Tianshu (ST25). Gut microbiome profiling was conducted by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, and PCR and ELISA determined the expression of inflammatory cytokines in colon mucosa and serum, respectively.
RESULTS Moxibustion treatment restored the colonic mucosa and decreased submucosal inflammatory cell infiltration in colitis rats. Rats treated with moxibustion and mesalazine had significantly lower levels of the dominant phyla Proteobacteria and the genera Saccharibacteria, Sphingomonas and Barnesiella than colitis rats, and they could restore the microbiome to levels similar to those observed in healthy rats. UC rats had reduced alpha diversity, which could be alleviated by moxibustion therapy, and UC-7 had a higher alpha diversity than UC-14. This finding suggests that short-term (7 d) but no longer term (14 d) moxibustion treatment may significantly affect the gut microbiome. The potential bacterial functions affected by moxibustion may be ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Compared with HC group, the levels of the cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) (P < 0.05) and IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, interferon-γ, lipopolysaccharide, IgA, tumour necrosis factor-α and its receptors 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR2 (P < 0.01) were all increased, whereas anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-2 and IL-10 (P < 0.01) and transforming growth factor-β (P < 0.05) were decreased in UC rats. These changes were reversed by moxibustion.
CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that moxibustion exerts its therapeutic effect by repairing mucosal tissue damage and modulating the gut microbiome and intestinal mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Qi
- Yueyang Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Ya-Nan Liu
- Yueyang Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Jin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Lin-Shuang Zhang
- Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cun Wang
- Yueyang Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Chun-Hui Bao
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hui-Rong Liu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huan-Gan Wu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Wang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
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22
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Cheifetz AS, Gianotti R, Luber R, Gibson PR. Complementary and Alternative Medicines Used by Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:415-429.e15. [PMID: 27743873 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients and physicians often have many questions regarding the role of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs), or nonallopathic therapies, for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). CAMs of various forms are used by more than half of patients with IBD during some point in their disease course. We summarize the available evidence for the most commonly used and discussed CAMs. We discuss evidence for the effects of herbs (such as cannabis and curcumin), probiotics, acupuncture, exercise, and mind-body therapy. There have been few controlled studies of these therapies, which have been limited by their small sample sizes; most studies have been uncontrolled. In addition, there has been a lack of quality control for herbal preparations. It has been a challenge to design rigorous, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, in part owing to problems of adequate blinding for psychological interventions, acupuncture, and exercise. These barriers have limited the acceptance of CAMs by physicians. However, such therapies might be used to supplement conventional therapies and help ease patient symptoms. We conclude that physicians should understand the nature of and evidence for CAMs for IBD so that rational advice can be offered to patients who inquire about their use. CAMs have the potential to aid in the treatment of IBD, but further research is needed to validate these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Cheifetz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert Gianotti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raphael Luber
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter R Gibson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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