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Li P, Fang RL, Wang W, Zeng XX, Lan T, Liu SY, Hu YJ, Shen Q, Wang SW, Tong YH, Mao ZJ. Apigenin suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in high glucose-induced retinal pigment epithelial cell by inhibiting CBP/p300-mediated histone acetylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 717:150061. [PMID: 38718570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process implicated in the pathogenesis of retinal fibrosis and the exacerbation of diabetic retinopathy (DR) within retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Apigenin (AP), a potential dietary supplement for managing diabetes and its associated complications, has demonstrated inhibitory effects on EMT in various diseases. However, the specific impact and underlying mechanisms of AP on EMT in RPE cells remain poorly understood. In this study, we have successfully validated the inhibitory effects of AP on high glucose-induced EMT in ARPE-19 cells and diabetic db/db mice. Notably, our findings have identified CBP/p300 as a potential therapeutic target for EMT in RPE cells and have further substantiated that AP effectively downregulates the expression of EMT-related genes by attenuating the activity of CBP/p300, consequently reducing histone acetylation alterations within the promoter region of these genes. Taken together, our results provide novel evidence supporting the inhibitory effect of AP on EMT in RPE cells, and highlight the potential of specifically targeting CBP/p300 as a strategy for inhibiting retinal fibrosis in the context of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Ruo-Lin Fang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Preventive Treatment Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Four-provinces Marginal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Xi-Xi Zeng
- Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China; Laboratory Animal Resources Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yan-Jun Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Qing Shen
- Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Si-Wei Wang
- Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China; Laboratory Animal Resources Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China.
| | - Yu-Hua Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China; Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China.
| | - Zhu-Jun Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Wu J, Zhang D, Liu H, Li J, Li T, Wu J, Zhang S. Neuroprotective effects of apigenin on retinal ganglion cells in ischemia/reperfusion: modulating mitochondrial dynamics in in vivo and in vitro models. J Transl Med 2024; 22:447. [PMID: 38741132 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal ischemia/reperfusion (RIR) is implicated in various forms of optic neuropathies, yet effective treatments are lacking. RIR leads to the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and subsequent vision loss, posing detrimental effects on both physical and mental health. Apigenin (API), derived from a wide range of sources, has been reported to exert protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion injuries in various organs, such as the brain, kidney, myocardium, and liver. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of API and its underlying mechanisms on RGC degeneration induced by retinal ischemia/reperfusion (RIR). METHODS An in vivo model was induced by anterior chamber perfusion following intravitreal injection of API one day prior to the procedure. Meanwhile, an in vitro model was established through 1% oxygen and glucose deprivation. The neuroprotective effects of API were evaluated using H&E staining, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), Fluoro-Gold retrograde labeling, and Photopic negative response (PhNR). Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to observe mitochondrial crista morphology and integrity. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of API, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, flow cytometry assay, western blot, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, JC-1 kit assay, dichlorofluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay, as well as TMRE and Mito-tracker staining were conducted. RESULTS API treatment protected retinal inner plexiform layer (IPL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC), and improved the function of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Additionally, API reduced RGC apoptosis and decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release by upregulating Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression, while downregulating Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression. Furthermore, API increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and decreased extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These effects were achieved by enhancing mitochondrial function, restoring mitochondrial cristae morphology and integrity, and regulating the expression of OPA1, MFN2, and DRP1, thereby regulating mitochondrial dynamics involving fusion and fission. CONCLUSION API protects RGCs against RIR injury by modulating mitochondrial dynamics, promoting mitochondrial fusion and fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daowei Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jufeng Li
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Li
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Wu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shenghai Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.
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Moshtaghion SM, Caballano-Infantes E, Plaza Reyes Á, Valdés-Sánchez L, Fernández PG, de la Cerda B, Riga MS, Álvarez-Dolado M, Peñalver P, Morales JC, Díaz-Corrales FJ. Piceid Octanoate Protects Retinal Cells against Oxidative Damage by Regulating the Sirtuin 1/Poly-ADP-Ribose Polymerase 1 Axis In Vitro and in rd10 Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:201. [PMID: 38397799 PMCID: PMC10886367 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa is a common cause of inherited blindness in adults, which in many cases is associated with an increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induces DNA damage, triggering Poly-ADP-Ribose Polymerase 1 (PARP1) activation and leading to parthanatos-mediated cell death. Previous studies have shown that resveratrol (RSV) is a promising molecule that can mitigate PARP1 overactivity, but its low bioavailability is a limitation for medical use. This study examined the impact of a synthesized new acylated RSV prodrug, piceid octanoate (PIC-OCT), in the 661W cell line against H2O2 oxidative stress and in rd10 mice. PIC-OCT possesses a better ADME profile than RSV. In response to H2O2, 661W cells pretreated with PIC-OCT preserved cell viability in more than 38% of cells by significantly promoting SIRT1 nuclear translocation, preserving NAD+/NADH ratio, and suppressing intracellular ROS formation. These effects result from expressing antioxidant genes, maintaining mitochondrial function, reducing PARP1 nuclear expression, and preventing AIF nuclear translocation. In rd10 mice, PIC-OCT inhibited PAR-polymer formation, increased SIRT1 expression, significantly reduced TUNEL-positive cells in the retinal outer nuclear layer, preserved ERGs, and enhanced light chamber activity (all p values < 0.05). Our findings corroborate that PIC-OCT protects photoreceptors by modulating the SIRT1/PARP1 axis in models of retinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohamadmehdi Moshtaghion
- Department of Integrative Pathophysiology and Therapies, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), Junta de Andalucía, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain; (S.M.M.); (Á.P.R.); (L.V.-S.); (P.G.F.); (B.d.l.C.); (M.S.R.); (M.Á.-D.)
| | - Estefanía Caballano-Infantes
- Department of Integrative Pathophysiology and Therapies, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), Junta de Andalucía, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain; (S.M.M.); (Á.P.R.); (L.V.-S.); (P.G.F.); (B.d.l.C.); (M.S.R.); (M.Á.-D.)
| | - Álvaro Plaza Reyes
- Department of Integrative Pathophysiology and Therapies, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), Junta de Andalucía, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain; (S.M.M.); (Á.P.R.); (L.V.-S.); (P.G.F.); (B.d.l.C.); (M.S.R.); (M.Á.-D.)
| | - Lourdes Valdés-Sánchez
- Department of Integrative Pathophysiology and Therapies, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), Junta de Andalucía, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain; (S.M.M.); (Á.P.R.); (L.V.-S.); (P.G.F.); (B.d.l.C.); (M.S.R.); (M.Á.-D.)
| | - Patricia Gallego Fernández
- Department of Integrative Pathophysiology and Therapies, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), Junta de Andalucía, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain; (S.M.M.); (Á.P.R.); (L.V.-S.); (P.G.F.); (B.d.l.C.); (M.S.R.); (M.Á.-D.)
| | - Berta de la Cerda
- Department of Integrative Pathophysiology and Therapies, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), Junta de Andalucía, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain; (S.M.M.); (Á.P.R.); (L.V.-S.); (P.G.F.); (B.d.l.C.); (M.S.R.); (M.Á.-D.)
| | - Maurizio S. Riga
- Department of Integrative Pathophysiology and Therapies, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), Junta de Andalucía, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain; (S.M.M.); (Á.P.R.); (L.V.-S.); (P.G.F.); (B.d.l.C.); (M.S.R.); (M.Á.-D.)
| | - Manuel Álvarez-Dolado
- Department of Integrative Pathophysiology and Therapies, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), Junta de Andalucía, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain; (S.M.M.); (Á.P.R.); (L.V.-S.); (P.G.F.); (B.d.l.C.); (M.S.R.); (M.Á.-D.)
| | - Pablo Peñalver
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), PTS-Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.P.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Juan C. Morales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), PTS-Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016 Granada, Spain; (P.P.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Francisco J. Díaz-Corrales
- Department of Integrative Pathophysiology and Therapies, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), Junta de Andalucía, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain; (S.M.M.); (Á.P.R.); (L.V.-S.); (P.G.F.); (B.d.l.C.); (M.S.R.); (M.Á.-D.)
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Zou X, Zeng M, Zheng Y, Zheng A, Cui L, Cao W, Wang X, Liu J, Xu J, Feng Z. Comparative Study of Hydroxytyrosol Acetate and Hydroxytyrosol in Activating Phase II Enzymes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1834. [PMID: 37891913 PMCID: PMC10604236 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is fundamental to the maintenance of redox homeostasis within cells via the regulation of a series of phase II antioxidant enzymes. The unique olive-derived phenolic compound hydroxytyrosol (HT) is recognized as an Nrf2 activator, but knowledge of the HT derivative hydroxytyrosol acetate (HTac) on Nrf2 activation remains limited. In this study, we observed that an HT pretreatment could protect the cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, and redox homeostasis of ARPE-19 cells against a t-butyl hydroperoxide challenge at 50 μM. HTac exhibited similar benefits at 10 μM, indicating a more effective antioxidative capacity compared with HT. HTac consistently and more efficiently activated the expression of Nrf2-regulated phase II enzymes than HT. PI3K/Akt was the key pathway accounting for the beneficial effects of HTac in ARPE-19 cells. A further RNA-Seq analysis revealed that in addition to the consistent upregulation of phase II enzymes, the cells presented distinct expression profiles after HTac and HT treatments. This indicated that HTac could trigger a diverse cellular response despite its similar molecular structure to HT. The evidence in this study suggests that Nrf2 activation is the major cellular activity shared by HTac and HT, and HTac is more efficient at activating the Nrf2 system. This supports its potential future employment in various disease management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zou
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Mengqi Zeng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Adi Zheng
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Li Cui
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Wenli Cao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xueqiang Wang
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhihui Feng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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Almeer R, Alyami NM. The protective effect of apigenin against inorganic arsenic salt-induced toxicity in PC12 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:106625-106635. [PMID: 37730986 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Poisoning by arsenic affects people worldwide, and many human illnesses and health issues, including neurotoxicity, have been linked to chronic exposure to arsenic. When exposed to arsenic, the body produces intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which influence a variety of alterations in cellular activity and directly harm molecules through oxidation. Arsenic-induced lesions are improved by antioxidants with the ability to lower ROS levels. Therefore, the current research aimed to assess how well apigenin protected PC12 cells from the toxicity caused by inorganic arsenic salt (iAs). For 24 and 48 h, iAs and/or apigenin were applied to PC12 cells. Then, oxidative stress indicators like malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and ROS in addition to the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules such as catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed. Moreover, after exposure to iAs, PC12 was examined for nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression to clarify how apigenin manifests its neuroprotection. Furthermore, NF-kB p65 concentration and IL-1B, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA expression were measured to assess neuroinflammation. Bax, caspase-3, and Bcl-2 levels were measured to investigate apigenin's potential to protect PC12 cells from iAs poisoning. The obtained results revealed that, the cell survival rate in the iAs group was significantly lower (P < 0.05), and the number of viable cells steadily increased after apigenin treatment. Furthermore, the study found that iAs decreased GSH, CAT, and SOD in the PC12 cells while increasing ROS, MDA, and NO levels. In PC12 cells, the capacity of iAs to cause oxidative stress was linked to the induction of neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Interestingly, apigenin pre-treatment of PC12 cells resulted in exceptional protection against iAs-induced neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptotic cell death. Nrf2 upregulation in PC12 cells may explain the neuroprotection effect of apigenin against iAs toxicity. In conclusion, the obtained results of the present study have clinical significance and indicate that apigenin is a promising candidate for shielding the nervous system from toxic effects caused by arsenic. These findings require further investigation using in vivo experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafa Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nouf M Alyami
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Huang W, Zhong Y, Gao B, Zheng B, Liu Y. Nrf2-mediated therapeutic effects of dietary flavones in different diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1240433. [PMID: 37767395 PMCID: PMC10520786 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1240433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a pathological status that occurs when the body's balance between oxidants and antioxidant defense systems is broken, which can promote the development of many diseases. Nrf2, a redox-sensitive transcription encoded by NFE2L2, is the master regulator of phase II antioxidant enzymes and cytoprotective genes. In this context, Nrf2/ARE signaling can be a compelling target against OS-induced diseases. Recently, natural Nrf2/ARE regulators like dietary flavones have shown therapeutic potential in various acute and chronic diseases such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cancer. In this review, we aim to summarize nrf2-mediated protective effects of flavones in different conditions. Firstly, we retrospected the mechanisms of how flavones regulate the Nrf2/ARE pathway and introduced the mediator role Nrf2 plays in inflammation and apoptosis. Then we review the evidence that flavones modulated Nrf2/ARE pathway to prevent diseases in experimental models. Based on these literature, we found that flavones could regulate Nrf2 expression by mechanisms below: 1) dissociating the binding between Nrf2 and Keap1 via PKC-mediated Nrf2 phosphorylation and P62-mediated Keap1 autophagic degradation; 2) regulating Nrf2 nuclear translocation by various kinases like AMPK, MAPKs, Fyn; 3) decreasing Nrf2 ubiquitination and degradation via activating sirt1 and PI3K/AKT-mediated GSK3 inhibition; and 4) epigenetic alternation of Nrf2 such as demethylation at the promoter region and histone acetylation. In conclusion, flavones targeting Nrf2 can be promising therapeutic agents for various OS-related disorders. However, there is a lack of investigations on human subjects, and new drug delivery systems to improve flavones' treatment efficiency still need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Huang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Botao Gao
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang H, Zha X, Zheng Y, Liu X, Elsabagh M, Wang H, Jiang H, Wang M. Mechanisms underlying the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the placental injury and fetal growth restriction in an ovine gestation model. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:117. [PMID: 37691111 PMCID: PMC10494380 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00919-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental pollutant known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, during gestation has been reported to increase the risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR) in an ovine model of pregnancy. We hypothesized that the FGR results from the BPA-induced insufficiency and barrier dysfunction of the placenta, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). However, precise mechanisms underlying the BPA-induced placental dysfunction, and subsequently, FGR, as well as the potential involvement of placental ERS in these complications, remain to be investigated. METHODS In vivo experiment, 16 twin-pregnant (from d 40 to 130 of gestation) Hu ewes were randomly distributed into two groups (8 ewes each). One group served as a control and received corn oil once a day, whereas the other group received BPA (5 mg/kg/d as a subcutaneous injection). In vitro study, ovine trophoblast cells (OTCs) were exposed to 4 treatments, 6 replicates each. The OTCs were treated with 400 μmol/L BPA, 400 μmol/L BPA + 0.5 μg/mL tunicamycin (Tm; ERS activator), 400 μmol/L BPA + 1 μmol/L 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA; ERS antagonist) and DMEM/F12 complete medium (control), for 24 h. RESULTS In vivo experiments, pregnant Hu ewes receiving the BPA from 40 to 130 days of pregnancy experienced a decrease in placental efficiency, progesterone (P4) level and fetal weight, and an increase in placental estrogen (E2) level, together with barrier dysfunctions, OS, inflammatory responses, autophagy and ERS in type A cotyledons. In vitro experiment, the OTCs exposed to BPA for 24 h showed an increase in the E2 level and related protein and gene expressions of autophagy, ERS, pro-apoptosis and inflammatory response, and a decrease in the P4 level and the related protein and gene expressions of antioxidant, anti-apoptosis and barrier function. Moreover, treating the OTCs with Tm aggravated BPA-induced dysfunction of barrier and endocrine (the increased E2 level and decreased P4 level), OS, inflammatory responses, autophagy, and ERS. However, treating the OTCs with 4-PBA reversed the counteracted effects of Tm mentioned above. CONCLUSIONS In general, the results reveal that BPA exposure can cause ERS in the ovine placenta and OTCs, and ERS induction might aggravate BPA-induced dysfunction of the placental barrier and endocrine, OS, inflammatory responses, and autophagy. These data offer novel mechanistic insights into whether ERS is involved in BPA-mediated placental dysfunction and fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zha
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, 51240, Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, KafrelSheikh, Egypt
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Honghua Jiang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- Department of Pediatrics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832000, China.
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8
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Lu Z, Liu L, Zhao S, Zhao J, Li S, Li M. Apigenin attenuates atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7996. [PMID: 37198205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34654-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Apigenin (APN), a flavone found in several plant foods with various biological properties such as anti-obesity, anti-inflammation and other abilities, alleviates atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high fat diet (HFD) in mice. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of NLRP3 in anti-atherosclerosis and anti-NAFLD effect of APN in mouse models with NLRP3 deficiency. Atherosclerosis and NAFLD models were established by treatment of low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice and NLRP3-/- Ldlr-/- mice with a HFD diet (20% fat and 0.5% cholesterol) with or without APN. En face lipid accumulation analysis, plasma lipid levels, hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation were analyzed and quantified. For in vitro experiments, HepG2 cells were stimulated by LPS plus oleic acid (OA) in the absence or presence of APN (50 μM). Lipid accumulation and the effect of APN on the NLRP3/NF-κB signaling pathway were investigated. APN administration partly reversed atherosclerosis and hepatic lipid accumulation, and decreased body weight and plasma lipid levels in Ldlr-/- mice when fed a HFD. Compared with Ldlr-/- mice, NLRP3-/- Ldlr-/- mice showed more severe atherosclerosis and hepatic lipid accumulation. Treating the HepG2 cells with APN reduced lipid accumulation. APN also inhibited activation of the NLRP3/ NF-κB signaling pathway stimulated by OA together with LPS. Our results indicate that APN supplementation prevents atherosclerosis and NAFLD via NLRP3 inhibition in mice, and suggest that APN might be a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention of atherosclerosis and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lu
- Medical Department of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shunxin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiangtao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sujun Li
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Emergency, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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9
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Zhang H, Zheng Y, Liu X, Zha X, Elsabagh M, Ma Y, Jiang H, Wang H, Wang M. Autophagy attenuates placental apoptosis, oxidative stress and fetal growth restriction in pregnant ewes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107806. [PMID: 36841186 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA)-induced oxidative stress (OS) and its potentially associated autophagy and apoptosis have not been studied previously in pregnant ewes. Accordingly, this study investigated the underlying mechanisms of BPA-induced autophagy and apoptosis in the placenta and primary trophoblasts of pregnant ewes exposed to BPA both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo experiment, pregnant Hu ewes (n = 8) were exposed to 5 mg/kg/d of BPA compared to control ewes (n = 8) receiving only corn oil from day 40 through day 110 of gestation. Exposure to BPA during gestation resulted in placental insufficiency, fetal growth restriction (FGR), autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), mitochondrial dysfunction, OS, and apoptosis in type A placentomes. Regarding in vitro model, primary ovine trophoblasts were exposed to BPA, BPA plus chloroquine (CQ; an autophagy inhibitor) or BPA plus rapamycin (RAP; an autophagy activator) for 12 h. Data illustrated that exposure to BPA enhanced autophagy (ULK1, Beclin-1, LC3, Parkin, and PINK1), ERS (GRP78, CHOP10, ATF4, and ATF6) and apoptosis (Caspase 3, Bcl-2, Bax, P53) but decreased the antioxidant (CAT, Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1)-related mRNA and protein expressions as well as impaired the mitochondrial function. Moreover, treatment with CQ exacerbated the BPA-mediated OS, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and ERS. On the contrary, RAP treatment counteracted the BPA-induced trophoblast dysfunctions mentioned above. Overall, the findings illustrated that BPA exposure could contribute to autophagy in the ovine placenta and trophoblasts and that autophagy, in turn, could alleviate BPA-induced apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, ERS, and OS. These results offer new mechanistic insights into the role of autophagy in mitigating BPA-induced placental dysfunctions and FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xia Zha
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nĭgde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey; Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Yi Ma
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Honghua Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China.
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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10
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Liang Z, Chen Y, Gu R, Guo Q, Nie X. Asiaticoside Prevents Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Endothelial Cells by Activating ROS-dependent p53/Bcl-2/Caspase-3 Signaling Pathway. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:1116-1129. [PMID: 36284389 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666221024120825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asiaticoside (AC) is a triterpenoid saponin found in Centella asiatica (L.) urban extract that has a wide range of pharmacological properties. Our previous study demonstrated that AC could promote angiogenesis in diabetic wounds, but the specific mechanisms remain unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the effectiveness and mechanism of AC on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) toxicity. METHODS Senescence was confirmed using senescence-associated betagalactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity and expression of the cell cycle phase markers p16 and p21. The levels of SOD, NO, MDA, GSH-Px, and ROS were tested. Furthermore, several cell death-related genes and proteins (p53, Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3) were assessed with RT-qPCR and Western blotting. RESULTS AC significantly reduced SA-β-gal activity, with both the suppression of cellcycle inhibitors p16 and p21. We also found that the induced oxidative stress and apoptosis caused by t-BHP treatment resulted in the decrease of antioxidant enzymes activities, the surge of ROS and MDA, the up-regulation of p53, Bax and caspase-3, and the decrease of SOD, NO, GSH-Px and Bcl-2. These biochemical changes were all reversed by treatment with varying doses of AC. CONCLUSION AC alleviates t-BHP-induced oxidative injury and apoptosis in HUVECs through the ROS-dependent p53/Bcl-2/Caspase-3 signaling pathway. It may be a potential antioxidant applied in metabolic disorders and pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwen Liang
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Rifang Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Qi Guo
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xuqiang Nie
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
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11
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Saleh Aldayel T. Apigenin attenuates high-fat diet-induced nephropathy in rats by hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, and concomitant activation of the Nrf2/antioxidant axis. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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12
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Pouremamali F, Pouremamali A, Dadashpour M, Soozangar N, Jeddi F. An update of Nrf2 activators and inhibitors in cancer prevention/promotion. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:100. [PMID: 35773670 PMCID: PMC9245222 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein is a basic-region leucine zipper transcription factor that defends against endogenous or exogenous stressors. By inducing several cytoprotective and detoxifying gene expressions, Nrf2 can increase the sensitivity of the cells to oxidants and electrophiles. Transient Nrf2 activation, by its specific activators, has protective roles against carcinogenesis and cancer development. However, permanent activation of Nrf2 promotes various cancer properties, comprising malignant progression, chemo/radio resistance, and poor patient prognosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that reaching an optimal balance between paradoxical functions of Nrf2 in malignancy may render a selective improvement to identify therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment. In this review, we describe lately discovered Nrf2 inducers and inhibitors, and their chemopreventive and/or anticancer activities. The Nrf2 pathway signifies one of the most significant cell defense procedures against exogenous or endogenous stressors. Certainly, by increasing the expression of several cytoprotective genes, the transcription factor Nrf2 can shelter cells and tissues from multiple sources of damage including electrophilic, xenobiotic, metabolic, and oxidative stress. Notably, the aberrant activation or accumulation of Nrf2, a common event in many tumors, confers a selective advantage to cancer cells and is connected to malignant progression, therapy resistance, and poor prognosis. Therefore, lately, Nrf2 has arisen as a hopeful target in treatment of cancer, and many struggles have been made to detect therapeutic strategies intended at disrupting its pro-oncogenic role. By summarizing the outcomes from past and recent studies, this review provided an overview concerning the Nrf2 pathway and the molecular mechanisms causing Nrf2 hyperactivation in cancer cells. Finally, this paper also described some of the most promising therapeutic approaches that have been successfully employed to counteract Nrf2 activity in tumors, with a particular emphasis on the development of natural compounds and the adoption of drug repurposing strategies. Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Pouremamali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Pouremamali
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Narges Soozangar
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran. .,Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jeddi
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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13
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Zhou N, Tian Y, Wu H, Cao Y, Li R, Zou K, Xu W, Lu L. Protective Effect of Resveratrol on Immortalized Duck Intestinal Epithelial Cells Exposed to H 2O 2. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113542. [PMID: 35684483 PMCID: PMC9182484 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound with anti-oxidation effects. The mechanisms underlying the antioxidant effects of resveratrol in duck intestinal epithelial cells remain unclear. The protective effects of resveratrol against oxidative stress induced by H2O2 on immortalized duck intestinal epithelial cells (IDECs) were investigated. IDECs were established by transferring the lentivirus-mediated simian virus 40 large T (SV40T) gene into small intestinal epithelial cells derived from duck embryos. IDECs were morphologically indistinguishable from the primary intestinal epithelial cells. The marker protein cytokeratin 18 (CK18) was also detected in the cultured cells. We found that resveratrol significantly increased the cell viability and activity of catalase and decreased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, as well as the apoptosis rate induced by H2O2 (p < 0.05). Resveratrol up-regulated the expression of NRF2, p-NRF2, p-AKT, and p-P38 proteins and decreased the levels of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 and the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in H2O2-induced IDECs (p < 0.05). Our findings revealed that resveratrol might alleviate oxidative stress by the PI3K/AKT and P38 MAPK signal pathways and inhibit apoptosis by altering the levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, Bax, and Bcl-2 in IDECs exposed to H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (N.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.C.); (R.L.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Yong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (N.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Hongzhi Wu
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
| | - Yongqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (N.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Ruiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (N.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Kang Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Wenwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (N.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.C.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.X.); (L.L.); Tel.: +86-133-0681-3018 (L.L.)
| | - Lizhi Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (N.Z.); (Y.T.); (Y.C.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.X.); (L.L.); Tel.: +86-133-0681-3018 (L.L.)
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14
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Zhou N, Tian Y, Liu W, Tu B, Xu W, Gu T, Zou K, Lu L. Protective Effects of Resveratrol and Apigenin Dietary Supplementation on Serum Antioxidative Parameters and mRNAs Expression in the Small Intestines of Diquat-Challenged Pullets. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:850769. [PMID: 35711792 PMCID: PMC9196582 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.850769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry as a large-scale intensive farming is vulnerable to oxidative stress. Resveratrol and apigenin are recognized to have many beneficial bioactive functions. This study tested the hypothesis that dietary resveratrol and apigenin supplementation alleviates oxidative stress in the small intestine of diquat-challenged pullets. A total of 200 healthy pullets were randomly divided into four treatment groups: control group fed with a basal diet (CON), diquat group fed with a basal diet (DIQ), resveratrol group fed with a basal diet containing 500 mg/kg resveratrol (RES), and an apigenin group fed with a basal diet containing 500 mg/kg apigenin (API) and injected intraperitoneally with either 1 ml of saline (CON) or 8 mg/kg body weight of diquat (DIQ, RES, and API) to induce oxidative stress. The day of the injection was considered as day 0. The results indicated that resveratrol and apigenin were able to decrease the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and upregulate total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels in serum on day 1 and 10 after being diquat-challenged. In addition, resveratrol increased mRNA expression of NQO1 (NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1) and HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) in ileum and jejunum on day 10, while apigenin upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), NQO1, and HO-1 in ileum and jejunum on day 10. Both resveratrol and apigenin increased the mRNA expression of CLAUDIN-1 in ileum and jejunum on day 1 and that of ZO-1 (zonula occludens-1) in ileum on day 10 post-diquat-injection. These findings indicate that dietary supplementation with resveratrol and apigenin attenuates oxidative stress involving NRF2 signaling pathways in diquat-challenged pullets to some extent. These observations are valuable for the chicken industry and resveratrol and apigenin applications in animal husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- Huzhou Lvchang Ecoagriculture Co., Ltd., Huzhou, China
| | - Bingjiang Tu
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Huzhou Wuxing District Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Huzhou, China
| | - Wenwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kang Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Kang Zou
| | - Lizhi Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
- Lizhi Lu
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Tang X, Xiong K, Wassie T, Wu X. Curcumin and Intestinal Oxidative Stress of Pigs With Intrauterine Growth Retardation: A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:847673. [PMID: 35571913 PMCID: PMC9101057 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) refers to the slow growth and development of a mammalian embryo/fetus or fetal organs during pregnancy, which is popular in swine production and causes considerable economic losses. Nutritional strategies have been reported to improve the health status and growth performance of IUGR piglets, among which dietary curcumin supplementation is an efficient alternative. Curcumin is a natural lipophilic polyphenol derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa with many biological activities. It has been demonstrated that curcumin promotes intestinal development and alleviates intestinal oxidative damage. However, due to its low bioavailability caused by poor solubility, chemical instability, and rapid degradation, the application of curcumin in animal production is rare. In this manuscript, the structural-activity relationship to enhance the bioavailability, and the nutritional effects of curcumin on intestinal health from the aspect of protecting piglets from IUGR associated intestinal oxidative damage were summarized to provide new insight into the application of curcumin in animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Tang
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kangning Xiong
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Kangning Xiong,
| | - Teketay Wassie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Laboratory of Nutrient Resources and Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- Xin Wu,
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16
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Luteolin Alleviates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transformation Induced by Oxidative Injury in ARPE-19 Cell via Nrf2 and AKT/GSK-3β Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2265725. [PMID: 35198094 PMCID: PMC8860553 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2265725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in this process. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of luteolin, a natural flavonoid with strong antioxidant activity, on H2O2-induced EMT in ARPE-19 cells. ARPE-19 cells were incubated with H2O2 at 200 μΜ to induce oxidative stress-associated injury. Cell viability assay showed that luteolin at 20 and 40 μM significantly promoted cell survival in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells. Luteolin also markedly protected ARPE-19 cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis. Cell migration assay presented that luteolin significantly reduced H2O2-induced migration in APRE-19 cells. EMT in ARPE-19 cells was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. The results showed that H2O2 significantly upregulated the expression of α-SMA and vimentin and downregulated the expression of ZO-1 and E-cadherin, while cells pretreated with luteolin showed a reversal. Meanwhile, the assessment of effects of luteolin on the Nrf2 pathway indicated that luteolin promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation and upregulated the expressions of HO-1 and NQO-1. In addition, luteolin significantly increased the activities of SOD and GSH-PX and decreased intracellular levels of ROS and MDA in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells. Meanwhile, we observed that the expression of TGF-β2, p-AKT, and p-GSK-3β was upregulated in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells and downregulated in luteolin-treated cells, revealing that luteolin inhibited the activation of the AKT/GSK-3β pathway. However, these effects of luteolin were all annulled by transfecting ARPE-19 cells with Nrf2 siRNA. Our current data collectively indicated that inhibition of luteolin on EMT was induced by oxidative injury in ARPE-19 cell through the Nrf2 and AKT/GSK-3β pathway, suggesting that luteolin could be a potential drug for the treatment of dry AMD.
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Sarkar C, Chaudhary P, Jamaddar S, Janmeda P, Mondal M, Mubarak MS, Islam MT. Redox Activity of Flavonoids: Impact on Human Health, Therapeutics, and Chemical Safety. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:140-162. [PMID: 35045245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cost-effectiveness of presently used therapies is a problem in overall redox-based management, which is posing a significant financial burden on communities across the world. As a result, sophisticated treatment models that provide notions of predictive diagnoses followed by targeted preventive therapies adapted to individual patient profiles are gaining global acclaim as being beneficial to patients, the healthcare sector, and society as a whole. In this context, natural flavonoids were considered due to their multifaceted antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects as well as their low toxicity and ease of availability. The aim of this review is to focus on the capacity of flavonoids to modulate the responsiveness of various diseases and ailments associated with redox toxicity. The review will also focus on the flavonoids' pathway-based redox activity and the advancement of redox-based therapies as well as flavonoids' antioxidant characteristics and their influence on human health, therapeutics, and chemical safety. Research findings indicated that flavonoids significantly exhibit various redox-based therapeutic responses against several diseases such as inflammatory, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and hepatic diseases and various types of cancer by activating the Nrf2/Keap1 transcription system, suppressing the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/IκB kinase inflammatory pathway, abrogating the function of the Hsp90/Hsf1 complex, inhibiting the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway, and preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. Some flavonoids, especially genistein, apigenin, amentoflavone, baicalein, quercetin, licochalcone A, and biochanin A, play a potential role in redox regulation. Conclusions of this review on the antioxidant aspects of flavonoids highlight the medicinal and folk values of these compounds against oxidative stress and various diseases and ailments. In short, treatment with flavonoids could be a novel therapeutic invention in clinical trials, as we hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Priya Chaudhary
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Sarmin Jamaddar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Pracheta Janmeda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Milon Mondal
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
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Jittapalapong S, Poompoung T, Sutjarit S. Apigenin induces oxidative stress in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells. Vet World 2021; 14:3132-3137. [PMID: 35153403 PMCID: PMC8829396 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.3132-3137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Apigenin (API) is an estrogenic compound found in many plants. Sertoli cells reside in the testis and are a key target of environmental toxicants. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxicity, especially oxidative stress of API in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells. Materials and Methods: Mouse Sertoli TM4 cells were treated with 50 and 100 μM API for 48 h. Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, glutathione reductase (GR) activities, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated using various assays. Results: Treatment with API at both 50 and 100 μM decreased viability and GR activity but increased LDH activity, ROS production, and MDA levels in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells. Conclusion: Exposure to API induced oxidative stress in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathaporn Jittapalapong
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Thapanee Poompoung
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Samak Sutjarit
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Jia G, Mao H, Zhang Y, Ni Y, Chen Y. Apigenin alleviates neomycin-induced oxidative damage via the Nrf2 signaling pathway in cochlear hair cells. Front Med 2021; 16:637-650. [PMID: 34921675 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0864-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss and represents a promising target for treatment. We tested the potential effect of apigenin, a natural flavonoid with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, on neomycin-induced ototoxicity in cochlear hair cells in vitro. Results showed that apigenin significantly ameliorated the loss of hair cells and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species upon neomycin injury. Further evidence suggested that the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway was activated by apigenin treatment. Disruption of the Nrf2 axis abolished the effects of apigenin on the alleviation of oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis of hair cells. This study provided evidence of the protective effect of apigenin on cochlear hair cells and its underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaogan Jia
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Huanyu Mao
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yusu Ni
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Zhang H, Zhang Y, Liu X, Elsabagh M, Yu Y, Peng A, Dai S, Wang H. L-Arginine inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage and inflammatory response by regulating antioxidant capacity in ovine intestinal epithelial cells. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1973916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Yin Yu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Along Peng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sifa Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Sarigul Sezenoz A, Akkoyun I, Helvacioglu F, Haberal N, Dagdeviren A, Bacanli D, Yilmaz G, Oto S. Antiproliferative and Mitochondrial Protective Effects of Apigenin in an Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy In Vivo Mouse Model. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2021; 37:580-590. [PMID: 34665015 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2021.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effects of a common dietary flavonoid apigenin on retinal endothelial cell proliferation, retinal morphological structure, and apoptotic cell death in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model to evaluate the possibility of the use of apigenin in the treatment of ocular neovascular diseases (ONDs). Methods: Ninety-six newborn C57BL/6J mice were included. Eight groups were randomized, each including 12 mice. Two negative control groups were kept in room air: the first without any injection and the second received intravitreal (IV) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which is the solvent we used. The OIR groups were exposed to 75% ± 2% oxygen from postnatal days (PD) 7 to 12. On PD 12, the mice were randomly assigned to 6 groups: 2 OIR control groups (1 received no injection, 1 received IV-DMSO), 2 IV-apigenin groups (10 and 20 μg/mL), and 2 intraperitoneal (IP)-apigenin groups (10 and 20 mg/kg). We quantified retinal endothelial cell proliferation by counting neovascular tufts in cross-sections and examined histological and ultrastructural changes through light and electron microscopy. We evaluated apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end-labeling (TUNEL). Results: We detected a significant increase in endothelial cell proliferation in the OIR groups. Groups receiving apigenin, both IP and IV, had significant decreases in endothelial cells, atypical mitochondrion count, and apoptotic cells compared with the groups receiving no injections. None of the apigenin-injected groups revealed cystic degeneration or cell loss. Conclusions: Apigenin suppresses neovascularization, has antiapoptotic and antioxidative effects in an OIR mouse model, and can be considered a promising agent for treating OND. Clinical trial (Project number: DA15/19).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imren Akkoyun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Helvacioglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nihan Haberal
- Department of Pathology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Attila Dagdeviren
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Bacanli
- Baskent University Laboratory Animal Breeding and Research Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gursel Yilmaz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Oto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Kashyap P, Shikha D, Thakur M, Aneja A. Functionality of apigenin as a potent antioxidant with emphasis on bioavailability, metabolism, action mechanism and in vitro and in vivo studies: A review. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13950. [PMID: 34569073 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Numerous diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. are linked with overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Apigenin (5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone) is a widely distributed flavonoid, responsible for antioxidant potential and chelating redox active metals. Being present as glycosides or polymers, the apigenin degrades to variable amount in the digestive tract; during processing, its activity is also reduced due to high temperature or Fe/Cu addition. Although its metabolism remains elusive, enteric absorption occurs sufficiently to reduce plasma indices of oxidant status. Delayed clearance in plasma and slow liver decomposition enhance its systematic bioavailability. Antioxidant mechanism of apigenin includes: oxidant enzymes inhibition, modulation of redox signaling pathways (NF-kB, Nrf2, MAPK, and P13/Akt), reinforcing enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant, metal chelation, and free radical scavenging. DPPH, ORAC, ABTS, and FRAP are the major in vitro methods for determining the antioxidant potential of apigenin, whereas its protective effects in whole and living cells of animals are examined using in vivo studies. Due to limited information on antioxidant potential of apigenin, its in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects are, therefore, discussed with action mechanism and interaction with the signaling pathways. This paper concludes that apigenin is a potent antioxidant compound to overcome the difficulties related to oxidative stress and other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Kashyap
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab, India
| | - Deep Shikha
- Department of Food Technology, Bhai Gurdas Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sangrur, Punjab, India
| | - Mamta Thakur
- Department of Food Technology, School of Sciences, ITM University, Gwalior, India
| | - Ashwin Aneja
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Chun KS, Raut PK, Kim DH, Surh YJ. Role of chemopreventive phytochemicals in NRF2-mediated redox homeostasis in humans. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:699-715. [PMID: 34214633 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
While functioning as a second messenger in the intracellular signaling, ROS can cause oxidative stress when produced in excess or not neutralized/eliminated properly. Excessive ROS production is implicated in multi-stage carcinogenesis. Our body is equipped with a defense system to cope with constant oxidative stress caused by the external insults, including redox-cycling chemicals, radiation, and microbial infection as well as endogenously generated ROS. The transcription factor, nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master switch in the cellular antioxidant signaling and plays a vital role in adaptive survival response to ROS-induced oxidative stress. Although NRF2 is transiently activated when cellular redox balance is challenged, this can be overwhelmed by massive oxidative stress. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the NRF2-mediated antioxidant defense capacity at an optimal level. This review summarizes the natural NRF2 inducers/activators, especially those present in the plant-based diet, in relation to their cancer chemopreventive potential in humans. The molecular mechanisms underlying their stabilization or activation of NRF2 are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Soo Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42691, South Korea
| | - Pawan Kumar Raut
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42691, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Convergence and Integrated Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16227, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
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24
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Süntar I, Çetinkaya S, Panieri E, Saha S, Buttari B, Profumo E, Saso L. Regulatory Role of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Wound Healing Process. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092424. [PMID: 33919399 PMCID: PMC8122529 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing involves a series of cellular events in damaged cells and tissues initiated with hemostasis and finally culminating with the formation of a fibrin clot. However, delay in the normal wound healing process during pathological conditions due to reactive oxygen species, inflammation and immune suppression at the wound site represents a medical challenge. So far, many therapeutic strategies have been developed to improve cellular homeostasis and chronic wounds in order to accelerate wound repair. In this context, the role of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) during the wound healing process has been a stimulating research topic for therapeutic perspectives. Nrf2 is the main regulator of intracellular redox homeostasis. It increases cytoprotective gene expression and the antioxidant capacity of mammalian cells. It has been reported that some bioactive compounds attenuate cellular stress and thus accelerate cell proliferation, neovascularization and repair of damaged tissues by promoting Nrf2 activation. This review highlights the importance of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in wound healing strategies and the role of bioactive compounds that support wound repair through the modulation of this crucial transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Süntar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, Ankara 06330, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-31-2202-3176
| | - Sümeyra Çetinkaya
- Biotechnology Research Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Yenimahalle, Ankara 06330, Turkey;
| | - Emiliano Panieri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (L.S.)
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Hao Y, Li Y, Liu J, Wang Z, Gao B, Zhang Y, Wang J. Protective Effect of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Fubaiju Hot-Water Extracts Against ARPE-19 Cell Oxidative Damage by Activating PI3K/Akt-Mediated Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway. Front Nutr 2021; 8:648973. [PMID: 33898501 PMCID: PMC8058381 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.648973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Fubaiju is a kind of widely consumed herb tea with multiple health benefits. The present study was aimed to evaluate the protective capacity of C. morifolium cv. Fubaiju hot-water extracts (CMs) against ARPE-19 cell oxidative damage. The results showed that pretreatment with 100 μg/mL CM could significantly reduce cell oxidative damage and apoptosis. Proapoptotic protein expression such as Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was significantly decreased after CM addition, while the expression level of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLc), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1) was significantly promoted. Meanwhile, CM treatment upregulated Akt phosphorylation, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation, and the expression level of antioxidant gene heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in a dose-dependent manner under oxidative stress. Knockdown of Nrf2 by targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) alleviated CM-mediated HO-1 transcription and almost abolished CM-mediated protection against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell damage. Correspondingly, the protective effect of CM was dramatically blocked after interference with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt inhibitor LY294002, indicating that the protective effect of CM on cell oxidative damage was attributed to PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Hao
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Boyan Gao
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
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Pan X, Shao Y, Wang F, Cai Z, Liu S, Xi J, He R, Zhao Y, Zhuang R. Protective effect of apigenin magnesium complex on H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in rat hepatic stellate cells. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:553-560. [PMID: 32544362 PMCID: PMC8641681 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1772840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Context: Apigenin displays antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, effects of apigenin magnesium (AM) complex on these aspects remain unknown.Objective: This study investigated the effects of AM complex on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).Materials and methods: The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of AM complex at concentrations of 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/mL were evaluated, comparing to HSCs treated by H2O2 alone. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) levels were measured. Moreover, cell apoptosis, mRNA expression levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), NF-κB, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were assessed.Results: AM complex significantly inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory response at concentrations of 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/mL (IC50 = 1.679 mg/mL). AM complex elevated the survival rate of H2O2-treated HSCs and had no toxic effects on HSCs. AM complex also promoted SOD activity and GSH levels but suppressed ROS, MDA, and NO levels. Additionally, AM complex decreased IL-6 and NF-κB levels, gene expression of TGF-β, NF-κB, and iNOS, as well as induced apoptosis of HSCs.Discussion and conclusions: Data indicated that AM complex mitigated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses on H2O2-treated HSCs, suggesting that AM complex is a possible candidate for anti-hepatic diseases. Additional efforts, both in vivo and in humans, are required to assess of AM complex as a potential therapeutic drug in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuwang Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yidan Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fugen Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaobin Cai
- Department of Liver Disease, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shourong Liu
- Department of Liver Disease, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjun Xi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruoyu He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanmei Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rangxiao Zhuang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- CONTACT Rangxiao Zhuang Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, 2, Hengbu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China
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Regulation of Nrf2/ARE Pathway by Dietary Flavonoids: A Friend or Foe for Cancer Management? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100973. [PMID: 33050575 PMCID: PMC7600646 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway is an important cell signaling mechanism in maintaining redox homeostasis in humans. The role of dietary flavonoids in activating Nrf2/ARE in relation to cancer chemoprevention or cancer promotion is not well established. Here we summarize the dual effects of flavonoids in cancer chemoprevention and cancer promotion with respect to the regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway, while underlying the possible cellular mechanisms. Luteolin, apigenin, quercetin, myricetin, rutin, naringenin, epicatechin, and genistein activate the Nrf2/ARE pathway in both normal and cancer cells. The hormetic effect of flavonoids has been observed due to their antioxidant or prooxidant activity, depending on the concentrations. Reported in vitro and in vivo investigations suggest that the activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway by either endogenous or exogenous stimuli under normal physiological conditions contributes to redox homeostasis, which may provide a mechanism for cancer chemoprevention. However, some flavonoids, such as luteolin, apigenin, myricetin, quercetin, naringenin, epicatechin, genistein, and daidzein, at low concentrations (1.5 to 20 µM) facilitate cancer cell growth and proliferation in vitro. Paradoxically, some flavonoids, including luteolin, apigenin, and chrysin, inhibit the Nrf2/ARE pathway in vitro. Therefore, even though flavonoids play a major role in cancer chemoprevention, due to their possible inducement of cancer cell growth, the effects of dietary flavonoids on cancer pathophysiology in patients or appropriate experimental animal models should be investigated systematically.
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Tribulus terrestris Ameliorates Oxidative Stress-Induced ARPE-19 Cell Injury through the PI3K/Akt-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7962393. [PMID: 32774685 PMCID: PMC7407028 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7962393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells has been confirmed to play a crucial role in the development and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or other retinal degenerative diseases. Tribulus terrestris (TT) is a Chinese traditional herb medicine, which has been used for the treatment of ocular diseases for many centuries. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of TT and examined its ability to protect and restore the human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Our data show that 200 μg/mL of ethanol extract of Tribulus terrestris (EE-TT) significantly increased the cell viability and prevented the apoptosis of H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells through the regulation of Bcl2, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-9. Treatment with EE-TT also significantly decreased the upregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) activities and increased the downregulated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities induced by H2O2 in ARPE-19 cells. Additionally, H2O2 at 1 mM significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, CAT, SOD1, SOD2, HO-1, GST-pi, NQO1, and GLCM in ARPE-19 cells; however, treatment with EE-TT reversed the downregulated mRNA expression levels of all these genes induced by H2O2. Furthermore, treatment with 200 μg/mL EE-TT alone for 24 h significantly increased Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, and GCLM mRNA expressions in ARPE-19 cells when compared with untreated control cells. Pretreatment with the inhibitor of PI3K/Akt signaling (LY294002) completely blocked these EE-TT-upregulated mRNA expressions and abolished the improvement of cell viability in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells. These findings all suggest that Tribulus terrestris has significant antioxidant effects on oxidative stressed ARPE-19 cells through regulating PI3K/Akt-Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Pharmacological activation of Nrf2 promotes wound healing. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173395. [PMID: 32710954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wound repair and regeneration is a complex orchestrated process, comprising several phases interconnecting various cellular events and triggering multiple intracellular molecular pathways in damaged cells and tissues. In several metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus, delay in wound healing due to elevated levels of cellular stress poses a key challenge. Several therapeutic wound dressing materials and strategies including hyperbaric oxygen therapy and negative pressure wound therapy have been developed to accelerate repair and restore cellular homeostasis at the wound site. Further, tremendous progress has been made in identification of transcriptional regulators involved in the process of wound healing. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a redox sensitive transcription factor, is the key regulator of intracellular redox homeostasis which induces the expression of cytoprotective genes and increases the production of antioxidants that scavenge free radicals. Activators of Nrf2 have been reported to combat oxidative stress and enhance the process of wound healing in several pathophysiological conditions, including diabetes and its complications such as diabetic foot ulcer, and chronic kidney disease, and diabetic nephropathy. Several bioactive compounds have been reported to reduce cellular stress, and thus accelerate cell proliferation, neovascularization results in repairing damaged tissues by the activation of the transcription factor, Nrf2. This review is focused on the strategies for diabetic wound healing and the highlights the role of bioactive compounds that activate the Nrf2 signaling and revitalize the cellular and molecular mechanism in the chronic wound niche, regulate and restore redox homeostasis thereby promoting wound repair and regeneration.
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Yao L, Fan Z, Han S, Sun N, Che H. Apigenin Attenuates the Allergic Reactions by Competitively Binding to ER With Estradiol. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1046. [PMID: 32765268 PMCID: PMC7378534 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Apigenin (API) is a natural phytoestrogen with properties including anti-inflammatory and other abilities. This study aims to 1) systematically validate that excessive estrogen exacerbates allergic reactions; 2) explore the anti-allergic effects and mechanisms of API. We conduct a survey of college students, indicating that of the 505 effective results, 70 individuals were self-reported allergic and 74.1% of them were women, which proved the gender difference in allergic reactions. BALB/c mice are grouped into the negative control group (N-Ctrl), the OVA-sensitized group (P-Ctrl), the estrogenized OVA-sensitized group (E2), and three treatment groups administrating different dose of API (E2 + API/L/M/H). In vivo data indicated that API treatment significantly inhibited the enhancement of estradiol on clinical symptoms. Moreover, we found that high doses of API inhibited Th2 type humoral response and mast cell degranulation levels in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, medium, and high doses of API significantly reduced the potentiation of estradiol on ER expression, attenuated the transmission of estrogen/ER signaling, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK1/2/3 in the MAPK. Besides, we found that API competitively bound to ER with estradiol, and showed a weak selectivity to ERβ. Overall, we identified API can be beneficial in allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuoyan Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiwen Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Huilian Che
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Apigenin Protects Mouse Retina against Oxidative Damage by Regulating the Nrf2 Pathway and Autophagy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9420704. [PMID: 32509154 PMCID: PMC7244986 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9420704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a critical factor in the pathology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Apigenin (AP) is a flavonoid with an outstanding antioxidant activity. We had previously observed that AP protected APRE-19 cells against oxidative injury in vitro. However, AP has poor water and fat solubility, which determines its low oral bioavailability. In this study, we prepared the solid dispersion of apigenin (AP-SD). The solubility and dissolution of AP-SD was significantly better than that of the original drug, so the oral bioavailability in rats was better than that of the original drug. Then, the effects of AP-SD on the retina of a model mouse with dry AMD were assessed by fundus autofluorescence (FAF), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and electron microscopy; the results revealed that AP-SD alleviated retinopathy. Further research found that AP-SD promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and increased expression levels of the Nrf2 and target genes HO-1 and NQO-1. AP-SD enhanced the activities of SOD and GSH-Px and decreased the levels of ROS and MDA. Furthermore, AP-SD upregulated the expressions of p62 and LC3II in an Nrf2-dependent manner. However, these effects of AP-SD were observed only in the retina of Nrf2 WT mice, not in Nrf2 KO mice. In addition, the therapeutic effect of AP-SD was dose dependent, and AP did not work. In conclusion, AP-SD significantly enhanced the bioavailability of the original drug and reduced retinal oxidative injury in the model mouse of dry AMD in vivo. The results of the underlying mechanism showed that AP-SD upregulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes through the Nrf2 pathway and upregulated autophagy, thus inhibiting retinal oxidative damage. AP-SD may be a potential compound for the treatment of dry AMD.
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Dietary Supplementation of L-Arginine and N-Carbamylglutamate Attenuated the Hepatic Inflammatory Response and Apoptosis in Suckling Lambs with Intrauterine Growth Retardation. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:2453537. [PMID: 32322162 PMCID: PMC7160735 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2453537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
L-arginine (Arg) is a semiessential amino acid with several physiological functions. N-Carbamylglutamate (NCG) can promote the synthesis of endogenous Arg in mammals. However, the roles of Arg or NCG on hepatic inflammation and apoptosis in suckling lambs suffering from intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are still unclear. The current work is aimed at examining the effects of dietary Arg and NCG on inflammatory and hepatocyte apoptosis in IUGR suckling lambs. On day 7 after birth, 48 newborn Hu lambs were selected from a cohort of 432 twin lambs. Normal-birthweight and IUGR Hu lambs were allocated randomly (n = 12/group) to control (CON), IUGR, IUGR+1% Arg, or IUGR+0.1% NCG groups. Lambs were fed for 21 days from 7 to 28 days old. Compared with CON lambs, relative protein 53 (P53), apoptosis antigen 1 (Fas), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase-3, cytochrome C, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65, and NF-κB pp65 protein levels were higher (P < 0.05) in liver from IUGR lambs, whereas those in liver from IUGR lambs under Arg or NCG treatment were lower than those in IUGR lambs. These findings indicated that supplementing Arg or NCG reduced the contents of proinflammatory cytokines at the same time when the apoptosis-related pathway was being suppressed, thus suppressing the IUGR-induced apoptosis of hepatic cells.
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Zhang B, Wang J, Zhao G, Lin M, Lang Y, Zhang D, Feng D, Tu C. Apigenin protects human melanocytes against oxidative damage by activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:277-285. [PMID: 31953635 PMCID: PMC7058778 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is a chronic, autoimmune destruction of melanocytes, resulting in progressively expanding depigmented skin patches. Severity of the disorder, which affects approximately 1% of humans, may be mitigated using topical corticosteroids combined with phototherapy; along with other clinical strategies; however, no definitive cures are currently available. Here, the capacity of apigenin, a plant-derived aglycone, to inhibit oxidative stress-mediated melanocyte depletion in vitro using a PIG3V vitiligo perilesional melanocyte cell model is evaluated. PIG3V cells, treated with selected doses of apigenin, were challenged with H2O2, then assessed for viability and the oxidative stress-related parameters: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2p45 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and downstream targets was detected using Western blotting. Outcomes demonstrated that compared with negative control cultures, apigenin-treated cells exhibited enhanced viability. Likewise, apigenin enhanced expression of the cellular anti-oxidants SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, but inhibited production of MDA, an oxidative stress biomarker. Interestingly, the expression and nuclear localization of the Nrf2 transcription factor, an important regulator oxidative stress and its downstream target genes, was significantly increased by apigenin treatment. Apigenin influence on Nrf2 was further validated by experiments demonstrating that Nrf2 knockdown cells failed to exhibit significant apigenin-mediated effects on cell viability and oxidative stress. Apigenin's non-toxicity and ability to affect multiple oxidative stress-related parameters through its effects on Nrf2 signaling in melanocytes suggests that it may prove to be a valuable therapeutic tool in long-term management of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxiang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Division of Rheumatology, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Changle County People's Hospital, Changle, 262400, Shandong, China
| | - Mao Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Chongqing Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400011, China
| | - Yong Lang
- Department of Dermatology, Gaomi People's Hospital, Gaomi, 261500, Shandong, China
| | - Diancai Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Dianqin Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Caixia Tu
- Department of Dermatology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No.467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116027, Liaoning, China.
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A Solid Dispersion of Quercetin Shows Enhanced Nrf2 Activation and Protective Effects against Oxidative Injury in a Mouse Model of Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1479571. [PMID: 31781321 PMCID: PMC6875405 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1479571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) represents a major reason for blindness in the elderly population. Oxidative stress is a predominant factor in the pathology of AMD. We previously evaluated the effects of phospholipid complex of quercetin (Q-PC) on oxidative injury in ARPE-19 cells, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Herein, the solid dispersion of quercetin-PC (Q-SD) was prepared with solubility being 235.54 μg/mL in water and 2.3×104 μg/mL in chloroform, which were significantly higher than that of quercetin (QT) and Q-PC. Q-SD also exhibited a considerably higher dissolution rate than QT and Q-PC. Additionally, Q-SD had Cmax of 4.143 μg/mL and AUC of 12.015 μg·h/mL in rats, suggesting better bioavailability than QT and Q-PC. Then, a mouse model of dry AMD (Nrf2 wild-type (WT) and Nrf2 knockout (KO)) was established for evaluating the effects of Q-SD in vivo. Q-SD more potently reduced retinal pigment epithelium sediments and Bruch's membrane thickness than QT and Q-PC at 200 mg/kg in Nrf2 WT mice and did not work in Nrf2 KO mice at the same dosage. Additionally, Q-SD significantly decreased ROS and MDA contents and restored SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT activities of serum and retinal tissues in Nrf2 WT mice, but not in Nrf2 KO mice. Furthermore, Q-SD more potently increased Nrf2 mRNA expression and stimulated its nuclear translocation in retinal tissues of Nrf2 WT mice. Q-SD significantly increased the expression of Nrf2 target genes HO-1, HQO-1, and GCL of retinal tissues in Nrf2 WT mice, not in Nrf2 KO mice. Altogether, Q-SD had improved physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties compared to QT and Q-PC and exhibited more potent protective effects on retina oxidative injury in vivo. These effects were associated with activation of Nrf2 signaling and upregulation of antioxidant enzymes.
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Zhang J, Zhao X, Zhu H, Wang J, Ma J, Gu M. Apigenin Protects Against Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Injury and Oxidative Stress by High Glucose via Regulation of NF-E2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5280-5288. [PMID: 31309931 PMCID: PMC6652381 DOI: 10.12659/msm.915038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a disease characterized by oxidative stress and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells driven by hyperglycemia. Apigenin is a flavonoid compound that possesses potent anti-apoptotic properties. The present study aimed to explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of apigenin on renal tubular epithelial cells exposed to hyperglycemia. Material/Methods Human renal epithelial cell HK-2 were incubated to D-glucose to establish in vitro DN model. The cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, apoptosis and oxidative stress were evaluated. qRT-PCR was performed to determine the mRNA levels of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Western blot analysis was performed to measure the protein expressions of Nrf2. Results In HK-2 cells, high glucose reduced cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Apigenin suppressed the decrease in cell viability and increase in supernatant LDH release at 100 and 200 μM after 48-h treatment. Apigenin reduced apoptotic rate and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. Apigenin suppressed oxidative stress and increased mRNA expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1. Inhibition of Nrf2 using small interfering RNA (siRNA), or cotreatment with LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K/Akt, abolished the protective effect on high glucose-induced injury, oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory cytokines production by apigenin. LY294002 also attenuated the increase in Nrf2 protein by apigenin in high glucose-treated HK-2 cells. Conclusions Apigenin protects renal tubular epithelial cells against high glucose-induced injury through suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation via activation of the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland).,Postgraduate Education College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China (mainland)
| | - Xuemei Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Hongling Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Junhua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Mingjun Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Zhang H, Peng A, Yu Y, Guo S, Wang M, Wang H. l-Arginine Protects Ovine Intestinal Epithelial Cells from Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Apoptosis through Alleviating Oxidative Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1683-1690. [PMID: 30685970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to explore the effect of l-arginine (Arg) upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced induction of the oxidative stress as well as subsequent apoptosis within ovine intestinal epithelial cells (IOECs). Through a 16 h incubation, cells were divided into four groups and the medium was replaced with different medium as follows: (1) control (Con), Arg-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's F12 Ham medium (DMEM); (2) Arg treatment, Arg-free DMEM supplemented with 100 μM Arg; (3) LPS treatment, Arg-free DMEM supplemented with 10 μg/mL LPS; (4) LPS with Arg treatment, Arg-free DMEM supplemented with both 10 μg/mL LPS and 100 μM Arg. After culturing for 24 h in different mediums, some characteristics of cells in the four groups were measured. Addition of Arg increased cell viability induced with LPS compared with the LPS group ( p < 0.05). Arg significantly decreased the release of dehydrogenase (LDH) and the production of malonaldehyde (MDA) ( p < 0.05) within IOECs challenged by the LPS. Compared with the LPS group, cells treated with Arg and Arg + LPS increased ( p < 0.05) mRNA as well as protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase (HO-1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). IOEC treatment with Arg reduced significantly ( p < 0.05) apoptosis induced by the LPS (12.58 ± 0.79%). The results showed that Arg promoted the protein expression of Nrf2, up-regulated expression of the phase II metabolizing enzymes (NQO1 and HO-1), as well as antioxidative enzymes (GPx1, CAT, and SOD2) for alleviating oxidative injury and protected IOECs from LPS-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
| | - Along Peng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
| | - Yin Yu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
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Kashyap D, Sharma A, Tuli HS, Sak K, Garg VK, Buttar HS, Setzer WN, Sethi G. Apigenin: A natural bioactive flavone-type molecule with promising therapeutic function. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Wu WY, Li YD, Cui YK, Wu C, Hong YX, Li G, Wu Y, Jie LJ, Wang Y, Li GR. The Natural Flavone Acacetin Confers Cardiomyocyte Protection Against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury via AMPK-Mediated Activation of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:497. [PMID: 29867499 PMCID: PMC5962741 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the potential signal pathway of acacetin in cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury using an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation model in primary cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cardiomyoblasts. It was found that acacetin (0.3–3 μM) significantly decreased the apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cardiomyoblasts via reducing the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 and increasing the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. In addition, acacetin not only suppressed the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TLR-4 and IL-6 induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation injury, but also increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Moreover, acacetin increased Nrf2 and HO-1 in a concentration-dependent manner, and rescued SOD1 and SOD2 reduction induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation insult. These beneficial effects of acacetin disappeared in cells with silenced Nrf2, suggesting that Nrf2 activation participates in the cardioprotective effect of acacetin against hypoxia/reoxygenation insult. However, acacetin-induced Nrf2 activation was not observed in cells with silenced AMPK and in ventricular tissues of rat hearts treated with the AMPK inhibitor Compound C and subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Our results demonstrate for the first time that AMPK-mediated Nrf2 activation is involved in the cardiomyocytes protection of acacetin against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by activating a series of intracellular signals involved in anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yin Wu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun-Da Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Kai Cui
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chan Wu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Hong
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Gang Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ling-Jun Jie
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Gui-Rong Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Epidermal Growth Factor, through Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Protect IPEC-J2 Cells from Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29538305 PMCID: PMC5877709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been widely used for protection of stress-induced intestinal mucosa dysfunction. However, whether EGF would alleviate oxidative injury and reduce apoptosis in porcine intestine is not yet known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EGF on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced induction of oxidative stress and ensuing apoptosis in the porcine intestinal epithelial cell line, IPEC-J2. The present study showed that EGF significantly increased cell viability and decreased the LPS-induced induction of apoptosis, dehydrogenase (LDH) release and malonaldehyde (MDA) production. EGF also (i) decreased expression of the pro-apoptotic genes Fas, Bax, Cascase-3, Cascase-8, Cascase-9, and proteins such as P53, Fas, Bax, Caspase3; (ii) increased antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) expression; (iii) increased mRNA levels of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) related genes Nrf2, manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), heme oxygenase (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1); (iv) protein level of Nrf2-realeted proteins Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1; and (v) total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), CAT, SOD, GSH-Px concentrations. Collectively, our results indicated that EGF enhanced Nrf2 protein expression, and upregulated the expression of phase II metabolizing enzymes (such as HO-1 and NQO1) and antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT and GSH-Px) to alleviate oxidative injury, and then protect IPEC-J2 cells from apoptosis induced by LPS.
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Wang F, Zhou RJ, Zhao X, Ye H, Xie ML. Apigenin inhibits ethanol-induced oxidative stress and LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production in cultured rat hepatocytes. J Appl Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Quantification of Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds in a New Chrysanthemum Cultivar by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Int J Anal Chem 2017. [PMID: 28630625 PMCID: PMC5463162 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1254721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. have been used as an herbal tea and in traditional medicine, and the plant has been developed to produce horticultural cultivars of various colors and shapes. In this study, a new chrysanthemum cultivar with dark purple petals (C. morifolium cv. ARTI-Dark Chocolate; ADC) was developed by radiation-induced mutation breeding of its original cultivar with purple striped white petals (C. morifolium cv. Noble Wine, NW). The phenolic profile and antioxidant property of ADC were investigated and compared with NW and the commercially available medicinal herb, C. morifolium with yellow petals (CM), in order to find a scientific support to produce a new source of natural antioxidant. Flavonoid and phenolic acid profiles of the ethanol extracts of the three flowers were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESIMS), while antioxidant properties were evaluated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assay. Among the tested flowers, ADC possessed the strongest antioxidant capacity and the highest phenolic contents. Flavonoids (acacetin, apigenin, luteolin, acacetin-7-O-β-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-β-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-β-glucoside, and linarin) and phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid and mixture of 1,4-, 1,5-, and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acids) were identified and quantified.
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Lv H, Liu Q, Zhou J, Tan G, Deng X, Ci X. Daphnetin-mediated Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathways ameliorate tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 106:38-52. [PMID: 28188924 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Daphnetin (Daph), a natural coumarin derivative isolated from plants of the Genus Daphne, possesses abundant biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties. In the present study, we focused on investigating the protective effect of Daph against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and the involvement of underlying molecular mechanisms. Our findings indicated that Daph effectively inhibited t-BHP-stimulated cytotoxicity, cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which are associated with suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and glutathione (GSH)/GSSG (oxidized GSH) ratio. Further investigation indicated that Daph significantly suppressed cytochrome c release and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulated apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 expression. Moreover, Daph dramatically induced the expression of the glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier (GCLM) subunit and the glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) subunit, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NAD (P) H: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), which is largely dependent on upregulating the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation, reducing the Keap1 protein expression, and strengthening the antioxidant response element (ARE) promoter activity. Additionally, Daph remarkably activated a c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, but ERK and JNK inhibitor pretreatment exhibited an evident decrease of the level of Daph-enhanced Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Furthermore, Daph exposure suppressed t-BHP-induced cytotoxicity and ROS overproduction, which are mostly blocked in Nrf2 knockout RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. Accordingly, Daph exhibited protective roles against t-BHP-triggered oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction by the upregulation of Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathways, which may be involved in the activation of JNK and ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Lv
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130001, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine. Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Qinmei Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130001, China
| | - Junfeng Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130001, China
| | - Guangyun Tan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130001, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130001, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine. Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Xinxin Ci
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130001, China.
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