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Epifane-de-Assunção MC, Bispo AG, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos Â, Cavalcante GC. Molecular Alterations in Core Subunits of Mitochondrial Complex I and Their Relation to Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04526-5. [PMID: 39331353 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Among the myriad of neurodegenerative diseases, mitochondrial dysfunction represents a nexus regarding their pathogenic processes, in which Parkinson's disease (PD) is notable for inherent vulnerability of the dopaminergic pathway to energy deficits and oxidative stress. Underlying this dysfunction, the occurrence of defects in complex I (CI) derived from molecular alterations in its subunits has been described in the literature. However, the mechanistic understanding of the processes mediating the occurrence of mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by CI deficiency in PD remains uncertain and subject to some inconsistencies. Therefore, this review analyzed existing evidence that may explain the relationship between molecular alterations in the core subunits of CI, recognized for their direct contribution to its enzymatic performance, and the pathogenesis of PD. As a result, we discussed 47 genetic variants in the 14 core subunits of CI, which, despite some discordant results, were predominantly associated with varying degrees of deficiency in complex enzymatic activity, as well as defects in supercomplex biogenesis and CI itself. Finally, we hypothesized about the relationship of the described alterations with the pathogenesis of PD and offered some suggestions that may aid in the design of future studies aimed at elucidating the relationship between such alterations and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Caetano Epifane-de-Assunção
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Ana Gabrielle Bispo
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-Dos-Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Giovanna C Cavalcante
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Metabolismo Energético, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
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Moawad MHED, Serag I, Alkhawaldeh IM, Abbas A, Sharaf A, Alsalah S, Sadeq MA, Shalaby MMM, Hefnawy MT, Abouzid M, Meshref M. Exploring the Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease: An Educational Literature Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04468-y. [PMID: 39254911 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04468-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant challenge to global health. It is characterized by progressive cognitive deterioration and increased rates of morbidity and mortality among older adults. Among the various pathophysiologies of AD, mitochondrial dysfunction, encompassing conditions such as increased reactive oxygen production, dysregulated calcium homeostasis, and impaired mitochondrial dynamics, plays a pivotal role. This review comprehensively investigates the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in AD, focusing on aspects such as glucose metabolism impairment, mitochondrial bioenergetics, calcium signaling, protein tau and amyloid-beta-associated synapse dysfunction, mitophagy, aging, inflammation, mitochondrial DNA, mitochondria-localized microRNAs, genetics, hormones, and the electron transport chain and Krebs cycle. While lecanemab is the only FDA-approved medication to treat AD, we explore various therapeutic modalities for mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction in AD, including antioxidant drugs, antidiabetic agents, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (FDA-approved to manage symptoms), nutritional supplements, natural products, phenylpropanoids, vaccines, exercise, and other potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Department, Alexandria Main University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Serag
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | | | - Abdallah Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman Sharaf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Government Hospital, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Sumaya Alsalah
- Ministry of Health, Primary Care, Governmental Health Centers, Manama, Bahrain
| | | | | | | | - Mohamed Abouzid
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Mostafa Meshref
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Benjamin C, Crews R. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Supplementation: Understanding Metabolic Variability and Clinical Implications. Metabolites 2024; 14:341. [PMID: 38921475 PMCID: PMC11205942 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen a surge in research focused on NAD+ decline and potential interventions, and despite significant progress, new discoveries continue to highlight the complexity of NAD+ biology. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a well-established NAD+ precursor, has garnered considerable interest due to its capacity to elevate NAD+ levels and induce promising health benefits in preclinical models. Clinical trials investigating NMN supplementation have yielded variable outcomes while shedding light on the intricacies of NMN metabolism and revealing the critical roles played by gut microbiota and specific cellular uptake pathways. Individual variability in factors such as lifestyle, health conditions, genetics, and gut microbiome composition likely contributes to the observed discrepancies in clinical trial results. Preliminary evidence suggests that NMN's effects may be context-dependent, varying based on a person's physiological state. Understanding these nuances is critical for definitively assessing the impact of manipulating NAD+ levels through NMN supplementation. Here, we review NMN metabolism, focusing on current knowledge, pinpointing key areas where further research is needed, and outlining future directions to advance our understanding of its potential clinical significance.
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Parpa K, Manning JT, Kobus M, Mason L, Michaelides M. The associations between digit ratio (2D:4D and right - left 2D:4D), maximal oxygen consumption and ventilatory thresholds in professional male football players. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24047. [PMID: 38308173 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Digit ratio (2D:4D: the relative length of the 2nd and 4th digit) is thought to be a negative correlate of prenatal testosterone. The 2D:4D is related to oxygen metabolism, but the precise nature of this relationship is unclear. The purpose of the present study was to consider associations between digit ratios (right 2D:4D, left 2D:4D, right-left 2D:4D [Dr-l]) and VO2max and ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2). METHODS One hundred and thirty-three Caucasian (n = 133) professional football players competing in Cyprus participated in the study. Players underwent anthropometric measurements, and digit lengths were measured from hand scans. They also completed an incremental cardiopulmonary test to exhaustion on a treadmill. RESULTS There were negative correlations between digit ratios and VO2max (right 2D:4D, r = -.65; left 2D:4D r = -.37, both p < .0001; Dr-l r = -.30, p = .0005). There were no relationships between digit ratios and VT1. For VT2, there were negative relationships with digit ratios (right 2D:4D, r = -.43, p < .0001; left 2D:4D, r = -.21 and Dr-l, r = -.21, both p = .02). Digit ratios are negatively related to VO2max with large (right 2D:4D) and medium (left 2D:4D, Dr-l) effect sizes. For VT2, there were also negative correlations, which were medium (right 2D:4D) and small (left 2D:4D, Dr-l). CONCLUSION Our findings may help clarify the relationships between digit ratios and high-intensity actions for extended periods, which are dependent on efficient oxygen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koulla Parpa
- School of Sciences, University of Central Lancashire - Cyprus Campus, Larnaka, Cyprus
| | - John T Manning
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise, and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Magdalena Kobus
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Laura Mason
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise, and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Marcos Michaelides
- School of Sciences, University of Central Lancashire - Cyprus Campus, Larnaka, Cyprus
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Zhang T, Chu Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Ji X, Zhang G, Shi G, Cui R, Kang Y. Testosterone deficiency worsens mitochondrial dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1390915. [PMID: 38752208 PMCID: PMC11094339 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1390915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies show testosterone (T) deficiency worsens cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction, as an early event of AD, is becoming critical hallmark of AD pathogenesis. However, currently, whether T deficiency exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction of men with AD remains unclear. Objective The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of T deficiency on mitochondrial dysfunction of male AD mouse models and its potential mechanisms. Methods Alzheimer's disease animal model with T deficiency was performed by castration to 3-month-old male APP/PS1 mice. Hippocampal mitochondrial function of mice was analyzed by spectrophotometry and flow cytometry. The gene expression levels related to mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics were determined through quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blot analysis. SH-SY5Y cells treated with flutamide, T and/or H2O2 were processed for analyzing the potential mechanisms of T on mitochondrial dysfunction. Results Testosterone deficiency significantly aggravated the cognitive deficits and hippocampal pathologic damage of male APP/PS1 mice. These effects were consistent with exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction by gonadectomy to male APP/PS1 mice, reflected by further increase in oxidative damage and decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, complex IV activity and ATP levels. More importantly, T deficiency induced the exacerbation of compromised mitochondrial homeostasis in male APP/PS1 mice by exerting detrimental effects on mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics at mRNA and protein level, leading to more defective mitochondria accumulated in the hippocampus. In vitro studies using SH-SY5Y cells validated T's protective effects on the H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial biogenesis impairment, and mitochondrial dynamics imbalance. Administering androgen receptor (AR) antagonist flutamide weakened the beneficial effects of T pretreatment on H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cells, demonstrating a critical role of classical AR pathway in maintaining mitochondrial function. Conclusion Testosterone deficiency exacerbates hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction of male APP/PS1 mice by accumulating more defective mitochondria. Thus, appropriate T levels in the early stage of AD might be beneficial in delaying AD pathology by improving mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyun Zhang
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yun Chu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinyang Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Neurology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Geming Shi
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rui Cui
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunxiao Kang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Ragab SMM, Almohaimeed HM, Alghriany AAI, Khalil NSA, Abd-Allah EA. Protective effect of Moringa oleifera leaf ethanolic extract against uranyl acetate-induced testicular dysfunction in rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:932. [PMID: 38195615 PMCID: PMC10776666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50854-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Uranyl acetate (UA) is used in civilian and military applications, predisposing it to wide dispersion in ecosystems. Using high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging radical analysis, we confirmed that Moringa oleifera leaf ethanolic extract (MLEE) is rich in biologically active phytochemicals. Thus, this study aims to investigate the possible defensive effect of MLEE against UA-induced testicular dysfunction. To achieve this, rats were divided randomly and evenly into three groups for 14 days. The control group received no treatment, while the UA group received a single intraperitoneal injection of UA at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW dissolved in saline on the 12th day of the experiment, followed by no treatment the following day. The MLEE + UA group received daily oral administration of MLEE (300 mg/kg BW) dissolved in distilled water before exposure to UA intoxication. The disruption observed in the pituitary-gonadal axis of UA-intoxicated rats was characterized by a significant decrease in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and estradiol 17beta levels. Additionally, there was a notable increase in malondialdehyde and a decrease in catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, and nitric oxide, accompanied by an up-regulation in the immuno-expression of nuclear factor-kappa B, indicating a disturbance in the redox balance. The TUNEL assay confirmed a substantial rise in apoptotic cell numbers in the UA group. Testicular histopathological changes, excessive collagen deposition, and reduced glycogen content were evident following UA exposure. However, supplementation with MLEE effectively countered these mentioned abnormalities. MLEE is proposed to combat the toxicological molecular targets in the UA-affected testis by restoring the balance between oxidants and antioxidants while obstructing the apoptotic cascade. MLEE contains an abundance of redox-stabilizing and cytoprotective phytochemicals that have the potential to counteract the mechanistic pathways associated with UA exposure. These findings encourage further research into other plausible protective aspects of Moringa oleifera against the UA challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohair M M Ragab
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Sciences, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hailah M Almohaimeed
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nasser S Abou Khalil
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Merit University, Sohag, Egypt.
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Elham A Abd-Allah
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharga, Egypt
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Patani A, Balram D, Yadav VK, Lian KY, Patel A, Sahoo DK. Harnessing the power of nutritional antioxidants against adrenal hormone imbalance-associated oxidative stress. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1271521. [PMID: 38098868 PMCID: PMC10720671 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1271521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, resulting from dysregulation in the secretion of adrenal hormones, represents a major concern in human health. The present review comprehensively examines various categories of endocrine dysregulation within the adrenal glands, encompassing glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens. Additionally, a comprehensive account of adrenal hormone disorders, including adrenal insufficiency, Cushing's syndrome, and adrenal tumors, is presented, with particular emphasis on their intricate association with oxidative stress. The review also delves into an examination of various nutritional antioxidants, namely vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, selenium, zinc, polyphenols, coenzyme Q10, and probiotics, and elucidates their role in mitigating the adverse effects of oxidative stress arising from imbalances in adrenal hormone levels. In conclusion, harnessing the power of nutritional antioxidants has the potential to help with oxidative stress caused by an imbalance in adrenal hormones. This could lead to new research and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Patani
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S.S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepak Balram
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Gujarat, India
| | - Kuang-Yow Lian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Gujarat, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Yin L, Qi S, Zhu Z. Advances in mitochondria-centered mechanism behind the roles of androgens and androgen receptor in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1267170. [PMID: 37900128 PMCID: PMC10613047 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1267170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have reported that androgens and androgen receptors (AR) play important roles in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Impaired glucose and lipid metabolism and the development of obesity-related diseases have been found in either hypogonadal men or male rodents with androgen deficiency. Exogenous androgens supplementation can effectively improve these disorders, but the mechanism by which androgens regulate glucose and lipid metabolism has not been fully elucidated. Mitochondria, as powerhouses within cells, are key organelles influencing glucose and lipid metabolism. Evidence from both pre-clinical and clinical studies has reported that the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism by androgens/AR is strongly associated with the impact on the content and function of mitochondria, but few studies have systematically reported the regulatory effect and the molecular mechanism. In this paper, we review the effect of androgens/AR on mitochondrial content, morphology, quality control system, and function, with emphases on molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss the sex-dimorphic effect of androgens on mitochondria. This paper provides a theoretical basis for shedding light on the influence and mechanism of androgens on glucose and lipid metabolism and highlights the mitochondria-based explanation for the sex-dimorphic effect of androgens on glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yin
- School of Sport, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuo Qi
- School of Sport Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- School of Sport, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Li Y, Li L, Wu G, Xie G, Yi L, Zhu J, Liang S, Huang Y, Chen J, Ji S, Sun F, Liu R. The unique interplay of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and immunity and its potential implication for the sex- and age-related morbidity of severe COVID-19 patients. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e371. [PMID: 37750090 PMCID: PMC10518039 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aged male patients are more vulnerable to severe or critical symptoms of COVID-19, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we analyzed previously published scRNA-seq data from a large cohort of COVID-19 patients, castrated and regenerated mice, and bulk RNA-seq of a RNAi library of 400 genes, and revealed that both immunity and OXPHOS displayed cell-type-, sex-, and age-related variation in the severe or critical COVID-19 patients during disease progression, with a more prominent increase in immunity and decrease in OXPHOS in myeloid cells in the males relative to the females (60-69 years old). Male severe or critical patients above 70 years old were an exception in that the compromised negative correlation between OXPHOS and immunity in these patients was associated with its disordered transcriptional regulation. Finally, the expression levels of OXPHOS and androgens were revealed to be positively correlated, and the responses of macrophages to android fluctuation were more striking than other types of detected immune cells in the castrated mice model. Therefore, the interplay of OXPHOS and immunity displayed a cell-type-specific, age-related, and sex-biased pattern, and the underlying potential regulatory role of the hormonal milieu should not be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinchuan Li
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Lei Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic DiseasesDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Guanghao Wu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingP. R. China
| | - Gangcai Xie
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Lirong Yi
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Jie Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - ShiYu Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Ya‐ru Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic DiseasesDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP. R. China
| | - Shaoyang Ji
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Fei Sun
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Rui‐tian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
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Fenimore JM, Springer DA, Romero ME, Edmondson EF, McVicar DW, Yanpallewar S, Sanford M, Spindel T, Engle E, Meyer TJ, Valencia JC, Young HA. IFN-γ and androgens disrupt mitochondrial function in murine myocytes. J Pathol 2023; 260:276-288. [PMID: 37185821 PMCID: PMC10330777 DOI: 10.1002/path.6081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The effect of cytokines on non-traditional immunological targets under conditions of chronic inflammation is an ongoing subject of study. Fatigue is a symptom often associated with autoimmune diseases. Chronic inflammatory response and activated cell-mediated immunity are associated with cardiovascular myopathies which can be driven by muscle weakness and fatigue. Thus, we hypothesize that immune dysfunction-driven changes in myocyte mitochondria may play a critical role in fatigue-related pathogenesis. We show that persistent low-level expression of IFN-γ in designated IFN-γ AU-Rich Element deletion mice (ARE mice) under androgen exposure resulted in mitochondrial and metabolic deficiencies in myocytes from male or castrated ARE mice. Most notably, echocardiography unveiled that low ejection fraction in the left ventricle post-stress correlated with mitochondrial deficiencies, explaining how heart function decreases under stress. We report that inefficiencies and structural changes in mitochondria, with changes to expression of mitochondrial genes, are linked to male-biased fatigue and acute cardiomyopathy under stress. Our work highlights how male androgen hormone backgrounds and active autoimmunity reduce mitochondrial function and the ability to cope with stress and how pharmacological blockade of stress signal protects heart function. These studies provide new insight into the diverse actions of IFN-γ in fatigue, energy metabolism, and autoimmunity. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Fenimore
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Danielle A Springer
- Murine Phenotyping Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Elijah F Edmondson
- Pathology and Histology Lab, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Dan W McVicar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Sudhirkumar Yanpallewar
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Michael Sanford
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Thea Spindel
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Engle
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julio C Valencia
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Howard A Young
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
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Duan G, Huang P, Zheng C, Zheng J, Yu J, Zhang P, Wan M, Li F, Guo Q, Yin Y, Duan Y. Development and Recovery of Liver Injury in Piglets by Incremental Injection of LPS. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1143. [PMID: 37371873 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of the incremental injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on liver histopathology, inflammation, oxidative status, and mitochondrial function in piglets. Forty healthy Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire castrated boars (21 ± 2 days old, weight 6.84 ± 0.11 kg) were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 8) and then slaughtered on days 0 (group 0, without LPS injection), 1 (group 1), 5 (group 5), 9 (group 9), and 15 (group 15) of LPS injection, respectively. The results showed that, compared to the piglets without LPS injection, LPS injection caused liver injury in the early phase, as manifested by the increased activities of serum liver injury-related parameters (aspartate amino transferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase, and total bile acid) on day 1, and impaired liver morphology (disordered hepatic cell cord arrangement, dissolved and vacuolized hepatocytes, karyopycnosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration and congestion) on days 1 and 5. Meanwhile, LPS injection caused liver inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction on days 1 and 5, as reflected by the upregulated mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB; increased MPO and MDA content; and impaired mitochondrial morphology. However, these parameters were ameliorated in the later phase (days 9~15). Taken together, our data indicate that the incremental injection of the LPS-induced liver injury of piglets could be self-repaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyan Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pan Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Changbing Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiayi Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Mengliao Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Fengna Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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12
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Kang J, Yan J, Yan W. Testosterone ameliorated the behavioural deficits of gonadectomised rats and counteracted free radicals in a dosage-dependent manner. Behav Brain Res 2023; 450:114501. [PMID: 37207980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Testosterone deficiency may induce behavioural changes in individuals. Oxidative stress resulting from a redox imbalance may be implicated in the initiation and progression of neurobehavioural disorders. However, whether exogenous testosterone intervention in male gonadectomised (GDX) rats ameliorates oxidative stress and plays a neuroprotective role remains unknown. Therefore, we examined this hypothesis by performing sham or gonadectomy surgeries on Sprague-Dawley rats with or without supplementation with different doses of testosterone propionate (TP). Open field and Morris water maze tests were performed, the serum and brain testosterone levels, and oxidative stress markers were analysed. GDX and lower TP doses (0.5mg/kg) induced reduced exploratory and motor behaviours, but impaired spatial learning and memory compared to Sham rats. Administration of physiological TP levels (0.75-1.25mg/kg) to the GDX rats restored the behaviour observed in the intact rats. However, higher TP doses (1.5-3.0mg/kg) induced increased exploratory and motor behaviours but impaired spatial learning and memory. These behavioural impairments were accompanied by a marked decrease in levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and an increase in lipid peroxidation levels in the substantia nigra and hippocampus. These findings indicate that TP administration can alter behavioural performance and induce memory and learning impairment, which may result from changes in redox homeostasis in male GDX animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Kang
- Affiliated Yiling Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Jixing Yan
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wensheng Yan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Hebei Sport University, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
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13
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Jiang Y, Zhou Y, Tan S, Xu C, Ma J. Role of posttranslational modifications in memory and cognitive impairments caused by neonatal sevoflurane exposure. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1113345. [PMID: 36992831 PMCID: PMC10040769 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1113345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advancement of technology, increasingly many newborns are receiving general anesthesia at a young age for surgery, other interventions, or clinical assessment. Anesthetics cause neurotoxicity and apoptosis of nerve cells, leading to memory and cognitive impairments. The most frequently used anesthetic in infants is sevoflurane; however, it has the potential to be neurotoxic. A single, short bout of sevoflurane exposure has little impact on cognitive function, but prolonged or recurrent exposure to general anesthetics can impair memory and cognitive function. However, the mechanisms underlying this association remain unknown. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs), which can be described roughly as the regulation of gene expression, protein activity, and protein function, have sparked enormous interest in neuroscience. Posttranslational modifications are a critical mechanism mediating anesthesia-induced long-term modifications in gene transcription and protein functional deficits in memory and cognition in children, according to a growing body of studies in recent years. Based on these recent findings, our paper reviews the effects of sevoflurane on memory loss and cognitive impairment, discusses how posttranslational modifications mechanisms can contribute to sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity, and provides new insights into the prevention of sevoflurane-induced memory and cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Xindu District People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Siwen Tan
- Outpatient Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongxi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junpeng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Junpeng Ma,
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14
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Ganouna-Cohen G, Marcouiller F, Bairam A, Joseph V. Orchiectomy exacerbates sleep-disordered breathing induced by intermittent hypoxia in mice. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 313:104052. [PMID: 36990336 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that low testosterone levels alter the regulation of breathing in mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia (IH). We used orchiectomized (ORX) or control (Sham-operated) mice exposed to normoxia or IH (12h/day, 10 cycles/h, 6% O2) for 14 days. Breathing was measured by whole-body plethysmography to asses the stability of the breathing pattern (frequency distribution of total cycle time - Ttot) and the frequency and duration of spontaneous and post-sigh apneas (PSA). We characterized sighs as inducing one (S1) or more (S2) apnea and determined the sigh parameters (volume, peak inspiratory and expiratory flows, cycle times) associated with PSA. IH increased the frequency and duration of PSA and the proportion of S1 and S2 sighs. The PSA frequency was mostly related to the sigh expiratory time. The effects of IH on PSA frequency were amplified in ORX-IH mice. Our experiments using ORX support the hypothesis that testosterone is involved in the regulation of breathing in mice following IH.
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15
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D'Acunzo P, Ungania JM, Kim Y, Barreto BR, DeRosa S, Pawlik M, Canals-Baker S, Erdjument-Bromage H, Hashim A, Goulbourne CN, Neubert TA, Saito M, Sershen H, Levy E. Cocaine perturbs mitovesicle biology in the brain. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12301. [PMID: 36691887 PMCID: PMC9871795 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocaine, an addictive psychostimulant, has a broad mechanism of action, including the induction of a wide range of alterations in brain metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis. Our group recently identified a subpopulation of non-microvesicular, non-exosomal extracellular vesicles of mitochondrial origin (mitovesicles) and developed a method to isolate mitovesicles from brain parenchyma. We hypothesised that the generation and secretion of mitovesicles is affected by mitochondrial abnormalities induced by chronic cocaine exposure. Mitovesicles from the brain extracellular space of cocaine-administered mice were enlarged and more numerous when compared to controls, supporting a model in which mitovesicle biogenesis is enhanced in the presence of mitochondrial alterations. This interrelationship was confirmed in vitro. Moreover, cocaine affected mitovesicle protein composition, causing a functional alteration in mitovesicle ATP production capacity. These data suggest that mitovesicles are previously unidentified players in the biology of cocaine addiction and that target therapies to fine-tune brain mitovesicle functionality may be beneficial to mitigate the effects of chronic cocaine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale D'Acunzo
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan M Ungania
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Yohan Kim
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bryana R Barreto
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Steven DeRosa
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Monika Pawlik
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Stefanie Canals-Baker
- Division of Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Hediye Erdjument-Bromage
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Audrey Hashim
- Division of Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Chris N Goulbourne
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Thomas A Neubert
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mariko Saito
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Henry Sershen
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Efrat Levy
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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16
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Baltodano-Calle MJ, Onton-Díaz M, Gonzales GF. Androgens, brain and androgen deprivation therapy in paraphilic disorders: A narrative review. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14561. [PMID: 35995581 DOI: 10.1111/and.14561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual delinquency is a global problem where those with paraphilic disorders, such as paedophiles, are more likely to commit and reoffend. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been suggested as a solution. The objective of this narrative review is to present current information on its risks, benefits and limitations as a treatment for paraphilias. The importance of testosterone in sexual function, the effect of its deficiency by age or by pharmacological treatment (anti-androgens, GnRH agonists and GnRH antagonists) and the effect of testosterone replacement therapy will be reviewed. The relationship between androgens, brain, sexual behaviour and pathophysiology of paraphilic disorders will also be explored. ADT reduces sexual urges, but has adverse effects and, because its reversible nature, it does not ensure less recidivism. Likewise, the research quality of ADT drugs is limited and not enough to support their use. Child sex offenders, and not paraphilic subjects who have not committed assaults, show signs of elevated prenatal exposure to androgens and a higher methylation state of the androgen receptor gene. Sexual behaviour is regulated by subcortical (hypothalamus, brainstem and spinal cord) and cortical structures of the brain, in addition to brain circuits (dopaminergic, serotonergic). Those with paraphilic disorders show abnormalities at these levels that could relate to the risk of sexual offences. In conclusion, androgens represent a significant part of the pathophysiology of paraphilias and therefore, ADT seems promising. Nonetheless, more studies are needed to make definite conclusions about the efficacy of long-term ADT in paraphilic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melisa Onton-Díaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University., Lima, Peru
| | - Gustavo F Gonzales
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Reproducción, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Instituto de Investigaciones de la Altura, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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17
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Nrf2 Deficiency Attenuates Testosterone Efficiency in Ameliorating Mitochondrial Function of the Substantia Nigra in Aged Male Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3644318. [PMID: 35222795 PMCID: PMC8881137 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3644318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reduced testosterone level is a common feature of aging in men. Aging, as a risk factor for several neurodegenerative disorders, shows declined mitochondrial function and downregulated mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics are crucial in maintaining proper mitochondrial function. Supplementation with testosterone is conducive to improving mitochondrial function of males during aging. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a regulator of redox homeostasis, is involved in the ameliorative effects of testosterone supplementation upon aging. To explore Nrf2 role in the effects of testosterone supplementation on mitochondrial function during aging, we studied the efficiency of testosterone supplementation in improving mitochondrial function of Nrf2 knockout- (KO-) aged male mice by analyzing the changes of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics. It was found that wild-type- (WT-) aged male mice showed low mitochondrial function and expression levels of PGC-1α, NRF-1\NRF-2, and TFAM regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as Drp1, Mfn1, and OPA1 controlling mitochondrial dynamics in the substantia nigra (SN). Nrf2 KO aggravated the defects above in SN of aged male mice. Testosterone supplementation to WT-aged male mice significantly ameliorated mitochondrial function and upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics, which were not shown in Nrf2 KO-aged male mice due to Nrf2 deficiency. Testosterone deficiency by gonadectomy (GDX) decreased mitochondrial function, downregulated mitochondrial biogenesis, and altered mitochondrial dynamics balance in young male mice. Supplementation with testosterone to Nrf2 KO-GDX mice only ameliorated the alterations above but did not reverse them to sham level. Nrf2 deficiency attenuated testosterone efficiency in ameliorating mitochondrial function in the SN of aged male mice through mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics to some extent. Activation of Nrf2 might contribute to testosterone-upregulating mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics in the SN during aging to produce efficient mitochondria for ATP production.
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18
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Gowda P, Reddy PH, Kumar S. Deregulated mitochondrial microRNAs in Alzheimer's disease: Focus on synapse and mitochondria. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101529. [PMID: 34813976 PMCID: PMC8692431 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is currently one of the biggest public health concerns in the world. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons is one of the major hallmarks of AD. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial miRNAs potentially play important roles in the mitochondrial dysfunctions, focusing on synapse in AD progression. In this meta-analysis paper, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify and discuss the (1) role of mitochondrial miRNAs that regulate mitochondrial and synaptic functions; (2) the role of various factors such as mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, calcium signaling, biological sex, and aging on synapse and mitochondrial function; (3) how synapse damage and mitochondrial dysfunctions contribute to AD; (4) the structure and function of synapse and mitochondria in the disease process; (5) latest research developments in synapse and mitochondria in healthy and disease states; and (6) therapeutic strategies that improve synaptic and mitochondrial functions in AD. Specifically, we discussed how differences in the expression of mitochondrial miRNAs affect ATP production, oxidative stress, mitophagy, bioenergetics, mitochondrial dynamics, synaptic activity, synaptic plasticity, neurotransmission, and synaptotoxicity in neurons observed during AD. However, more research is needed to confirm the locations and roles of individual mitochondrial miRNAs in the development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Gowda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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19
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Xiong X, Wu Q, Zhang L, Gao S, Li R, Han L, Fan M, Wang M, Liu L, Wang X, Zhang C, Xin Y, Li Z, Huang C, Yang J. Chronic stress inhibits testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells through mitochondrial damage via Atp5a1. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:354-363. [PMID: 34894202 PMCID: PMC8743653 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is one of the leading causes of male infertility, but its exact function in testosterone synthesis has scarcely been reported. We found that adult male rats show a decrease in bodyweight, genital index and serum testosterone level after continual chronic stress for 21 days. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and MALDI-TOF-MS analysis identified 10 differentially expressed proteins in stressed rats compared with controls. A strong protein interaction network was found to be centred on Atp5a1 among these proteins. Atp5a1 expression significantly decreased in Leydig cells after chronic stress. Transfection of Atp5a1 siRNAs decreased StAR, CYP11A1, and 17β-HSD expression by damaging the structure of mitochondria in TM3 cells. This study confirmed that chronic stress plays an important role in testosterone synthesis by regulating Atp5a1 expression in Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Xiong
- Western China Science and Technology Innovation Port in Precision Medicine InstituteThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
| | - Qiuhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to DiseasesMinistry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina
- Center of Medical GeneticsNorthwest Women’s and Children’s HospitalXi’anChina
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
| | - Shanfeng Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
| | - Rufeng Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
| | - Lin Han
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to DiseasesMinistry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Meiyang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
| | - Liying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to DiseasesMinistry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to DiseasesMinistry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Chunli Zhang
- Western China Science and Technology Innovation Port in Precision Medicine InstituteThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yanlong Xin
- Western China Science and Technology Innovation Port in Precision Medicine InstituteThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zongfang Li
- Western China Science and Technology Innovation Port in Precision Medicine InstituteThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to DiseasesMinistry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to DiseasesMinistry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina
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20
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Yang Y, Liang F, Gao J, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Yang G, Soriano SG, Feng HJ, Xie Z. Testosterone attenuates sevoflurane-induced tau phosphorylation and cognitive impairment in neonatal male mice. Br J Anaesth 2021; 127:929-941. [PMID: 34686310 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2021.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sevoflurane anaesthesia induces phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau and cognitive impairment in neonatal, but not adult, mice. The underlying mechanisms remain largely to be determined. Sex hormones can be neuroprotective, but little is known about the influence of testosterone on age-dependent anaesthesia effects. METHODS Six- and 60-day-old male mice received anaesthesia with sevoflurane 3% for 2 h daily for 3 days. Morris water maze, immunoassay, immunoblotting, co-immunoprecipitation, nanobeam technology, and electrophysiology were used to assess cognition; testosterone concentrations; tau phosphorylation; glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) activation; binding or interaction between tau and GSK3β; and neuronal activation in mice, cells, and neurones. RESULTS Compared with 60-day-old male mice, 6-day-old male mice had lower testosterone concentrations (3.03 [0.29] vs 0.44 [0.12] ng ml-1; P<0.01), higher sevoflurane-induced tau phosphorylation in brain (133 [20]% vs 100 [6]% in 6-day-old mice, P<0.01; 103 [8]% vs 100 [13]% in 60-day-old mice, P=0.77), and sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment. Testosterone treatment increased brain testosterone concentrations (1.76 [0.10] vs 0.39 [0.05] ng ml-1; P<0.01) and attenuated the sevoflurane-induced tau phosphorylation and cognitive impairment in neonatal male mice. Testosterone inhibited the interaction between tau and GSK3β, and attenuated sevoflurane-induced inhibition of excitatory postsynaptic currents in hippocampal neurones. CONCLUSIONS Lower brain testosterone concentrations in neonatal compared with adult male mice contributed to age-dependent tau phosphorylation and cognitive impairment after sevoflurane anaesthesia. Testosterone might attenuate the sevoflurane-induced tau phosphorylation and cognitive impairment by inhibiting the interaction between tau and GSK3β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Yang
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China; Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Feng Liang
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuanlin Dong
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sulpicio G Soriano
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hua-Jun Feng
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhongcong Xie
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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21
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The complete mitochondrial genome of Choroterpes (Euthralus) yixingensis (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) and its mitochondrial protein-coding gene expression under imidacloprid stress. Gene 2021; 800:145833. [PMID: 34274477 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most common benthic invertebrates in freshwater, mayflies are very sensitive to changes in water quality and have high requirements for the water environment to allow their nymphs to successfully live and grow. Neonicotinoids, such as imidacloprid, can enter fresh water and pollute the aquatic environment. The present study had two goals: (1) investigate imidacloprid effects on mayfly larvae Choroterpes (Euthralus) yixingensis, and (2) contribute to the phylogenetic status of Ephemeroptera that has always been controversial. Nymphs were collected from Jinhua, China and exposed to different concentrations imidacloprid (5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/L) in the laboratory. Survival of C. yixingensis nymphs decreased as a function of time and imidacloprid concentration with only ~ 55% survival after 72 h exposure to 40 μg/L imidacloprid. After culture under 40 μg/L imidacloprid for 24 h, the steady state transcript levels of mitochondrial COX3, ND4 and ND4L genes were reduced to just 0.07 ± 0.11, 0.30 ± 0.16, and 0.28 ± 0.13 as compared with respective control values (P < 0.01). Steady state transcript levels of ND4 and ND4L were also significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), suggesting that the steady state transcript pattern of these genes in mayfly nymphs can change in response to different levels of environmental contamination. Hence, the mitochondrial protein-coding genes of mayflies could potentially be developed as biomarkers for water ecotoxicity monitoring in the future. In addition, we used the mitochondrial genome sequence of C. yixingensis for an assessment of the phylogenetic tree of Ephemeroptera. The monophyly of Leptophlebiidae was supported and showed that Leptophlebiidae was a sister group to the clade (Baetidae + Caenidae).
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22
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Yan W, Zhang T, Kang Y, Zhang G, Ji X, Feng X, Shi G. Testosterone ameliorates age-related brain mitochondrial dysfunction. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:16229-16247. [PMID: 34139672 PMCID: PMC8266321 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Brain mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced testosterone levels are common features of aging in men. Although evidence suggests that the two phenomena are interrelated, it is unclear whether testosterone supplementation ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction in the aging male brain. Here, we show that testosterone supplementation significantly alleviates exploratory behavioral deficits and oxidative damage in the substantia nigra and hippocampus of aging male rats. These effects were consistent with improved mitochondrial function, reflected by testosterone-induced increases in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), antioxidant enzyme (GSH-PX, catalase, and Mn-SOD) expression/activity, and mitochondrial respiratory complex activities in both brain regions. Furthermore, elevated PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM expression (suggestive of enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis), increased citrate synthase activity, mtDNA copy number, and ND1, COX1, and ATP6 expression (indicative of increased mitochondrial content), as well as increased PINK1/Parkin and decreased P62 expression (suggesting mitophagy activation), were detected in the substantial nigra and hippocampus of aged male rats after testosterone supplementation. These findings suggest that testosterone supplementation may be a viable approach to ameliorating brain mitochondrial dysfunction and thus prevent or treat cognitive-behavioral deficits and neurodegenerative conditions associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Yan
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tianyun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunxiao Kang
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Hebei Laboratory Animal Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Geming Shi
- Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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23
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Maseroli E, Comeglio P, Corno C, Cellai I, Filippi S, Mello T, Galli A, Rapizzi E, Presenti L, Truglia MC, Lotti F, Facchiano E, Beltrame B, Lucchese M, Saad F, Rastrelli G, Maggi M, Vignozzi L. Testosterone treatment is associated with reduced adipose tissue dysfunction and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese hypogonadal men. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:819-842. [PMID: 32772323 PMCID: PMC7946690 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In both preclinical and clinical settings, testosterone treatment (TTh) of hypogonadism has shown beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity and visceral and liver fat accumulation. This prospective, observational study was aimed at assessing the change in markers of fat and liver functioning in obese men scheduled for bariatric surgery. METHODS Hypogonadal patients with consistent symptoms (n = 15) undergoing 27.63 ± 3.64 weeks of TTh were compared to untreated eugonadal (n = 17) or asymptomatic hypogonadal (n = 46) men. A cross-sectional analysis among the different groups was also performed, especially for data derived from liver and fat biopsies. Preadipocytes isolated from adipose tissue biopsies were used to evaluate insulin sensitivity, adipogenic potential and mitochondrial function. NAFLD was evaluated by triglyceride assay and by calculating NAFLD activity score in liver biopsies. RESULTS In TTh-hypogonadal men, histopathological NAFLD activity and steatosis scores, as well as liver triglyceride content were lower than in untreated-hypogonadal men and comparable to eugonadal ones. TTh was also associated with a favorable hepatic expression of lipid handling-related genes. In visceral adipose tissue and preadipocytes, TTh was associated with an increased expression of lipid catabolism and mitochondrial bio-functionality markers. Preadipocytes from TTh men also exhibited a healthier morpho-functional phenotype of mitochondria and higher insulin-sensitivity compared to untreated-hypogonadal ones. CONCLUSIONS The present data suggest that TTh in severely obese, hypogonadal individuals induces metabolically healthier preadipocytes, improving insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial functioning and lipid handling. A potentially protective role for testosterone on the progression of NAFLD, improving hepatic steatosis and reducing intrahepatic triglyceride content, was also envisaged. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02248467, September 25th 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Maseroli
- Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - P Comeglio
- Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - C Corno
- Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - I Cellai
- Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - S Filippi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Functional and Cellular Pharmacology of Reproduction, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - T Mello
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - A Galli
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - E Rapizzi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - L Presenti
- General, Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, , Piazza Santa Maria Nuova, 1, 50122, Florence, Italy
| | - M C Truglia
- General, Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, , Piazza Santa Maria Nuova, 1, 50122, Florence, Italy
| | - F Lotti
- Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - E Facchiano
- General, Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, , Piazza Santa Maria Nuova, 1, 50122, Florence, Italy
| | - B Beltrame
- General, Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, , Piazza Santa Maria Nuova, 1, 50122, Florence, Italy
| | - M Lucchese
- General, Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, , Piazza Santa Maria Nuova, 1, 50122, Florence, Italy
| | - F Saad
- Medical Affairs, Bayer AG, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Allee 1, 51373, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - G Rastrelli
- Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - M Maggi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy
- I.N.B.B. (Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture E Biosistemi), Viale delle Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136, Rome, Italy
| | - L Vignozzi
- Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134, Florence, Italy.
- I.N.B.B. (Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture E Biosistemi), Viale delle Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136, Rome, Italy.
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Yin L, Luo M, Wang R, Ye J, Wang X. Mitochondria in Sex Hormone-Induced Disorder of Energy Metabolism in Males and Females. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:749451. [PMID: 34987473 PMCID: PMC8721233 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.749451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgens have a complex role in the regulation of insulin sensitivity in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. In male subjects, a reduction in androgens increases the risk for insulin resistance, which is improved by androgen injections. However, in female subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), androgen excess becomes a risk factor for insulin resistance. The exact mechanism underlying the complex activities of androgens remains unknown. In this review, a hormone synergy-based view is proposed for understanding this complexity. Mitochondrial overactivation by substrate influx is a mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity. This concept may apply to the androgen-induced insulin resistance in PCOS. Androgens and estrogens both exhibit activities in the induction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. The two hormones may synergize in mitochondria to induce overproduction of ATP. ATP surplus in the pancreatic β-cells and α-cells causes excess secretion of insulin and glucagon, respectively, leading to peripheral insulin resistance in the early phase of type 2 diabetes. In the skeletal muscle and liver, the ATP surplus contributes to insulin resistance through suppression of AMPK and activation of mTOR. Consistent ATP surplus leads to mitochondrial dysfunction as a consequence of mitophagy inhibition, which provides a potential mechanism for mitochondrial dysfunction in β-cells and brown adipocytes in PCOS. The hormone synergy-based view provides a basis for the overactivation and dysfunction of mitochondria in PCOS-associated type 2 diabetes. The molecular mechanism for the synergy is discussed in this review with a focus on transcriptional regulation. This view suggests a unifying mechanism for the distinct metabolic roles of androgens in the control of insulin action in men with hypogonadism and women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yin
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Luo
- Metabolism Research Center, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Ye
- Metabolism Research Center, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Center for Advanced Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jianping Ye, ; Xiaohui Wang,
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jianping Ye, ; Xiaohui Wang,
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25
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Mechanisms Underlying the Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complexes by Nuclear Steroid Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186683. [PMID: 32932692 PMCID: PMC7555717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes play important roles in energy production via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to drive various biochemical processes in eukaryotic cells. These processes require coordination with other cell organelles, especially the nucleus. Factors encoded by both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are involved in the formation of active respiratory chain complexes and 'supercomplexes', the higher-order structures comprising several respiratory chain complexes. Various nuclear hormone receptors are involved in the regulation of OXPHOS-related genes. In this article, we review the roles of nuclear steroid receptors (NR3 class nuclear receptors), including estrogen receptors (ERs), estrogen-related receptors (ERRs), glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs), progesterone receptors (PRs), and androgen receptors (ARs), in the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex and supercomplex formation.
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26
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Lin Y, Xu X, Zhao D, Liu F, Luo Y, Du J, Wang D, Ji K, Zhao Y, Yan C. A novel m.11406 T > A mutation in mitochondrial ND4 gene causes MELAS syndrome. Mitochondrion 2020; 54:57-64. [PMID: 32659360 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic point mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with a large number of heterogeneous diseases involving multiple systems with which patients may present with a wide range of clinical phenotypes. In this study, we describe a novel heteroplasmic missense mutation, m.11406 T > A, of the ND4 gene encoding the subunit 4 of mitochondrial complex I in a 32-year-old woman with recurrent epileptic seizure, headache and bilateral hearing loss. Skeletal muscle histochemistry demonstrated that approximately 20% of fibers were cytochrome C oxidase (COX) deficient with increased activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Further investigations in muscle specimens showed significantly reduced level of ND4 protein. It is interesting that the subunits of complex I (ND1 and NDFUB8) and complex IV(CO1) were also remarkably decreased. These findings indicate that ND1, NDFUB8 and CO1 are more susceptible than other subunits to mutations in the mitochondrial ND4 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xuebi Xu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Fuchen Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Yuebei Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jixiang Du
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Kunqian Ji
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China; Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Testosterone enhances mitochondrial complex V function in the substantia nigra of aged male rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10398-10414. [PMID: 32445551 PMCID: PMC7346067 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in coordinated motor behavior and mitochondrial complex V activity have been observed in aged males. Testosterone supplementation can improve coordinated motor behavior in aged males. We investigated the effects of testosterone supplementation on mitochondrial complex V function in the substantia nigra (a brain region that regulates motor activity) in aged male rats. These rats exhibited diminished ATP levels, attenuated mitochondrial complex V activity, and reduced expression of 3 of the 17 mitochondrial complex V subunits (ATP6, ATP8 and ATP5C1) in the substantia nigra. Testosterone supplementation increased ATP levels, mitochondrial complex V activity, and ATP6, ATP8 and ATP5C1 expression in the substantia nigra of the rats. Conversely, orchiectomy reduced mitochondrial complex V activity, downregulated ATP6 and ATP8 expression, and upregulated ATP5C1, ATP5I and ATP5L expression in the substantia nigra. Testosterone replacement reversed those effects. Thus, testosterone enhanced mitochondrial complex V function in the substantia nigra of aged male rats by upregulating ATP6 and ATP8. As potential testosterone targets, these two subunits may to some degree maintain nigrostriatal dopaminergic function in aged males.
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Smith C, Contreras-Garza J, Cunningham RL, Wong JM, Vann PH, Metzger D, Kasanga E, Oppong-Gyebi A, Sumien N, Schreihofer DA. Chronic Testosterone Deprivation Sensitizes the Middle-Aged Rat Brain to Damaging Effects of Testosterone Replacement. Neuroendocrinology 2020; 110:914-928. [PMID: 31671430 DOI: 10.1159/000504445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An increasing number of middle-aged men are being screened for low testosterone levels and the number of prescriptions for various forms of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has increased dramatically over the last 10 years. However, the safety of TRT has come into question with some studies suggesting increased morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE Because the benefits of estrogen replacement in postmenopausal women and ovariectomized rodents are lost if there is an extended delay between estrogen loss and replacement, we hypothesized that TRT may also be sensitive to delayed replacement. METHODS We compared the effects of testosterone replacement after short-term (2 weeks) and long-term testosterone deprivation (LTTD; 10 weeks) in middle-aged male rats on cerebral ischemia, oxidative stress, and cognitive function. We hypothesized that LTTD would increase oxidative stress levels and abrogate the beneficial effects of TRT. RESULTS Hypogonadism itself and TRT after short-term castration did not affect stroke outcome compared to intact rats. However, after long-term hypogonadism in middle-aged male Fischer 344 rats, TRT exacerbated the detrimental behavioral effects of experimental focal cerebral ischemia, whereas this detrimental effect was prevented by administration of the free-radical scavenger tempol, suggesting that TRT exacerbates oxidative stress. In contrast, TRT improved cognitive performance in non-stroked rats regardless of the length of hypogonadism. In the Morris water maze, peripheral oxidative stress was highly associated with decreased cognitive ability. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data suggest that TRT after long-term hypogonadism can exacerbate functional recovery after focal cerebral ischemia, but in the absence of injury can enhance cognition. Both of these effects are modulated by oxidative stress levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charity Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Jo Contreras-Garza
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Rebecca L Cunningham
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Jessica M Wong
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Philip H Vann
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel Metzger
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Ella Kasanga
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Anthony Oppong-Gyebi
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Nathalie Sumien
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Derek A Schreihofer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA,
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA,
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29
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Takayama K, Fujiwara K, Inoue S. Amyloid precursor protein, an androgen‐regulated gene, is targeted by RNA‐binding protein PSF/SFPQ in neuronal cells. Genes Cells 2019; 24:719-730. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken‐ichi Takayama
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujiwara
- Department of Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
- Department of Anatomy Nihon University School of Dentistry Tokyo Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan
- Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction Research Center for Genomic Medicine Saitama Medical University Hidaka Saitama Japan
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Turkson S, Kloster A, Hamilton PJ, Neigh GN. Neuroendocrine drivers of risk and resilience: The influence of metabolism & mitochondria. Front Neuroendocrinol 2019; 54:100770. [PMID: 31288042 PMCID: PMC6886586 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The manifestation of risk versus resilience has been considered from varying perspectives including genetics, epigenetics, early life experiences, and type and intensity of the challenge with which the organism is faced. Although all of these factors are central to determining risk and resilience, the current review focuses on what may be a final common pathway: metabolism. When an organism is faced with a perturbation to the environment, whether internal or external, appropriate energy allocation is essential to resolving the divergence from equilibrium. This review examines the potential role of metabolism in the manifestation of stress-induced neural compromise. In addition, this review details the current state of knowledge on neuroendocrine factors which are poised to set the tone of the metabolic response to a systemic challenge. The goal is to provide an essential framework for understanding stress in a metabolic context and appreciation for key neuroendocrine signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie Turkson
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Alix Kloster
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Peter J Hamilton
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Gretchen N Neigh
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
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31
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Role of Gender in Regulation of Redox Homeostasis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8050135. [PMID: 31100969 PMCID: PMC6562572 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one of the diseases with a well-established gender dimorphism. The prevalence of PAH is increased in females with a ratio of 4:1, while poor survival prognosis is associated with the male gender. Nevertheless, the specific contribution of gender in disease development and progression is unclear due to the complex nature of the PAH. Oxidative and nitrosative stresses are important contributors in PAH pathogenesis; however, the role of gender in redox homeostasis has been understudied. This review is aimed to overview the possible sex-specific mechanisms responsible for the regulation of the balance between oxidants and antioxidants in relation to PAH pathobiology.
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Horibe A, Eid N, Ito Y, Otsuki Y, Kondo Y. Ethanol-Induced Autophagy in Sertoli Cells Is Specifically Marked at Androgen-Dependent Stages of the Spermatogenic Cycle: Potential Mechanisms and Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010184. [PMID: 30621351 PMCID: PMC6337509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recent study, we reported that acute ethanol exposure enhanced autophagy in Sertoli cells (SCs) of adult rats. However, further research is needed to clarify the specific spermatogenic stage exhibiting the highest autophagic response, the mechanisms behind such specificity, and the related relevance to sperm. This brief report provides results indicating that stages VII–VIII (androgen-dependent or spermiation stages) of the spermatogenic cycle exhibited more marked autophagic response in acute-ethanol treated rats (ETRs) than other stages based on suppression of androgen receptor (AR), analysis of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) (an autophagosomal marker) immunostaining in SCs, double labeling of LC3 and lysosomal proteins and electron microscopy. Ultrastructural observations and TUNEL method revealed a notable presence of phagocytosed apoptotic germ cells and retained sperm in SCs of ETRs at these specific stages—a finding rarely observed in control testes. In addition, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 ( PINK1) (a sensor of mitochondrial damage and mitophagy) and giant lipid droplets were found to have accumulated in SCs of ETRs at same stages. Our data show novel findings indicating that stages VII–VIII of the spermatogenic cycle exhibit high levels of autophagy, specifically under stress conditions, as expressed by the term autophagic stages. This stage-specific upregulation of autophagy in SCs may be related to AR suppression, mitochondrial damage, lipid accumulation, and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. The phenomenon may be an essential part of ensuring the viability of SCs and supporting germ cells in toxic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Horibe
- Kubomizuki Lady's Clinic 3-13-8, Mikatadai, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2277, Japan.
| | - Nabil Eid
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Yuko Ito
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | | | - Yoichi Kondo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
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Ruszkiewicz JA, Miranda-Vizuete A, Tinkov AA, Skalnaya MG, Skalny AV, Tsatsakis A, Aschner M. Sex-Specific Differences in Redox Homeostasis in Brain Norm and Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 67:312-342. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Lei Y, Renyuan Z. Effects of Androgens on the Amyloid-β Protein in Alzheimer's Disease. Endocrinology 2018; 159:3885-3894. [PMID: 30215697 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Age-related androgen depletion has been implicated in compromised neuroprotection and is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia. Emerging data revealed that reduction of both serum and brain androgen levels in males is associated with increased amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation, a putative cause of AD. It has been demonstrated that androgens can function as the endogenous negative regulators of Aβ. However, the mechanisms by which androgens regulate Aβ production, degradation, and clearance, as well as the Aβ-induced pathological process in AD, are still elusive. This review emphasizes the contributions of androgen to Aβ metabolism and toxicity in AD and thus may provide novel strategies for prevention and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lei
- Department of Urology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou Renyuan
- Department of Urology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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