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Shah SH, Liu H, Khan M, Muhammad R, Qadeer A, Fouad D, Chen CC. Exploration of Klebsiella aerogenes derived secondary metabolites and their antibacterial activities against multidrug-resistant bacteria. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300979. [PMID: 39283918 PMCID: PMC11404795 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
As the effectiveness of current treatments against the development of antimicrobial resistance is declining, new strategies are required. A great source of novel secondary metabolites with therapeutics effects are the endophytic bacteria present in medicinal plants. In this study, Klebsiella aerogenes (an endophytic bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family) was isolated from Kalanchoe blossfeldiana (a medicinal plant". The bacterial secondary metabolites were identified using GC-MS techniques. Furthermore, the antibacterial potentials were investigated against multi-drug resistance (MDR) Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. The GC-MS chromatogram of K. aerogenes secondary metabolites extract displayed total of 36 compounds. Ethyl acetate extracts of K. aerogenes, showed mean zone of growth inhibition of 15.00 ± 1.00 against S. typhi and 7.00 ± 1.00mm against S. aureus, respectively. The extract demonstrated significant antibacterial effectiveness against S. typhi and moderate antibacterial efficacy against S. aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.089 to 0.39 mg/mL. The time-kill kinetics profile of the ethyl acetate extract against S. typhi revealed a decrease in the number of viable cells during the initial 5, 6, and 24 hours. Conversely, there was a sudden increase in viable cells up to 6 hours for S. aureus. The identified secondary metabolite with high percentage than others, benzeneethanamine exhibited favorable interactions (-7.2 kcal/mol) with the penicillin-binding protein (PBP2a) of S. aureus and (-7.5 kcal/mol) osmoporin (OmpC) of S. typhi, indicating its potential as a candidate for drug development against these MDR bacteria. This study reported for the first time, bacterial endophytes associated with K. blossfeldiana with antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Hussain Shah
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Hsien Liu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation, Chia-yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Muddasir Khan
- Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Muhammad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qadeer
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chien-Chin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Kamran M, Raza M, Ullah R, Alotaibi A, Bano R, Zaman A, Chaman S, Iqbal K, Rasool S, Amin A. Activity of Fluoroquinolones and Proton Pump Inhibitors against Resistant Oral Bacterial Biofilms, in silico and in vitro Analysis. Pol J Microbiol 2024; 73:329-342. [PMID: 39268954 PMCID: PMC11395420 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2024-028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral bacterial infections are a great health concern worldwide especially in diabetic patients. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance with reference to biofilms in oral cavity is of great concern. We investigated antibiotics combination with proton pump inhibitors against oral clinical isolates. The strains were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In molecular docking, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and omeprazole best fit to active pockets of transcriptional regulators 4BXI and 3QP1. None of the proton pump inhibitors were active against S. epidermidis, whereas omeprazole showed significant inhibition (MIC 3.9 μg/ml). Fluoroquinolones were active against both S. epidermidis and S. aureus. In combination analysis, a marked decrease in minimum inhibitory concentration was noticed with omeprazole (MIC 0.12 μg/ml). In antiquorum sensing experiments, a significant inhibitory zone was shown for all fluoroquinolones (14-20 mm), whereas among proton pump inhibitors, only omeprazole (12 ± 0.12 mm) was active against Chromobacterium violaceum. In combination analysis, a moderate increase in antiquorum sensing activity was recorded for ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and proton pump inhibitors. Further, significant S. aureus biofilm eradication was recorded using of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and omeprazole combination (78 ± 2.1%). The time-kill kinetic studies indicated a bactericidal effect by ciprofloxacin: levofloxacin: omeprazole combination over 24 hrs. It was concluded that fluoroquinolone combined with omeprazole could be an effective treatment option for eradicating oral bacterial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kamran
- Natural Products Research Lab (NPRL), Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza
- Peshawar Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alotaibi
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ràheela Bano
- Department of Pathology, Gomal Medical College, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Ali Zaman
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Chaman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Iqbal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ibadat International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Rasool
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Amin
- Natural Products Research Lab (NPRL), Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
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Alka, Singh P, Pal RR, Mishra N, Singh N, Verma A, Saraf SA. Development of pH-Sensitive hydrogel for advanced wound Healing: Graft copolymerization of locust bean gum with acrylamide and acrylic acid. Int J Pharm 2024; 661:124450. [PMID: 38986968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Wounds pose a formidable challenge in healthcare, necessitating the exploration of innovative tissue-healing solutions. Traditional wound dressings exhibit drawbacks, causing tissue damage and impeding natural healing. Using a Microwave (MW)-)-assisted technique, we envisaged a novel hydrogel (Hg) scaffold to address these challenges. This hydrogel scaffold was created by synthesizing a pH-responsive crosslinked material, specifically locust bean gum-grafted-poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [LBG-g-poly(AAm-co-AAc)], to enable sustained release of c-phycocyanin (C-Pc). Synthesized LBG-g-poly(AAm-co-AAc) was fine-tuned by adjusting various synthetic parameters, including the concentration of monomers, duration of reaction, and MW irradiation intensity, to maximize the yield of crosslinked LBG grafted product and enhance encapsulation efficiency of C-Pc. Following its synthesis, LBG-g-poly(AAm-co-AAc) was thoroughly characterized using advanced techniques, like XRD, TGA, FTIR, NMR, and SEM, to analyze its structural and chemical properties. Moreover, the study examined the in-vitro C-Pc release profile from LBG-g-poly(AAm-co-AAc) based hydrogel (HgCPcLBG). Findings revealed that the maximum release of C-Pc (64.12 ± 2.69 %) was achieved at pH 7.4 over 48 h. Additionally, HgCPcLBG exhibited enhanced antioxidant performance and compatibility with blood. In vivo studies confirmed accelerated wound closure, and ELISA findings revealed reduced inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) within treated skin tissue, suggesting a positive impact on injury repair. A low-cost and eco-friendly approach for creating LBG-g-poly(AAm-co-AAc) and HgCPcLBG has been developed. This method achieved sustained release of C-Pc, which could be a significant step forward in wound care technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025 Uttar Pradesh, India; School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed-to-be) University, Rudraram, Patancheru Mandal, Hyderabad, 502329 Telangana, India
| | - Ravi Raj Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neelu Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shubhini A Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025 Uttar Pradesh, India; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow, 226002 Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Gavandi TC, Basrani ST, Chougule SA, Patil SB, Nille OS, Kolekar GB, Yankanchi SR, Karuppayil SM, Jadhav AK. Vidarabine as a novel antifungal agent against Candida albicans: insights on mechanism of action. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00565-z. [PMID: 39126447 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00565-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Around 1.5 million mortality cases due to fungal infection are reported annually, posing a massive threat to global health. However, the effectiveness of current antifungal therapies in the treatment of invasive fungal infections is limited. Repurposing existing antifungal drugs is an advisable alternative approach for enhancing their effectiveness. This study evaluated the antifungal efficacy of the antiviral drug vidarabine against Candida albicans ATCC 90028. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by microbroth dilution assay and further processed to find the minimum fungicidal concentration. Investigation on probable mode of vidarabine action against C. albicans was assessed by using the ergosterol reduction assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, nuclear condensation, and apoptosis assay. Results revealed that C. albicans was susceptible to vidarabine action and exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration at 150 µg/ml. At a concentration of 300 µg/ml, vidarabine had fungicidal activity against C. albicans. 300 µg/ml vidarabine-treated C. albicans cells demonstrated 91% reduced ergosterol content. Annexin/FITC/PI assay showed that vidarabine (150 µg/ml) had increased late apoptotic cells up to 31%. As per the fractional inhibitory concentration index, vidarabine had synergistic activity with fluconazole and caspofungin against this fungus. The mechanism underlying fungicidal action of vidarabine was evaluated at the intracellular level, and probably because of increased nuclear condensation, enhanced ROS generation, and cell cycle arrest. In conclusion, this data is the first to report that vidarabine has potential to be used as a repurposed antifungal agent alone or in combination with standard antifungal drugs, and could be a quick and safe addition to existing therapies for treating fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanjila C Gavandi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, 416-003, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sargun T Basrani
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, 416-003, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sayali A Chougule
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, 416-003, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shivani B Patil
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, 416-003, Maharashtra, India
| | - Omkar S Nille
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416-004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Govind B Kolekar
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416-004, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - S Mohan Karuppayil
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, 416-003, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Ashwini K Jadhav
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, 416-003, Maharashtra, India.
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Al Musayeib NM, Amina M, Maqsood F, Bokhary KA, Alrashidi NS. Biogenic Synthesis of Photosensitive Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Citron Waste Peel Extract and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Anticarcinogenic Potential. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2024; 2024:8180102. [PMID: 38962162 PMCID: PMC11221967 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8180102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) have been fabricated by several approaches, including green chemistry approach due to diverse application and versatile features. Objectives The current study aimed to prepare a convenient, biocompatible, and economically viable MgONPs using waste citron peel extract (CP-MgONPs) to evaluate their biological applications. Methods The CP-MgONPs were synthesized by a sustainable approach from extract of waste citron peel both as capping and reducing agents without use of any hazardous material. The physicochemical features of formed CP-MgONPs were determined by sophisticated analytical and microscopic techniques. The biogenic CP-MgONPs were examined for their antibacterial, anticarcinogenic, and photocatalytic attributes. Results A prominent absorption peak in the UV-Vis spectra at 284 nm was the distinguishing characteristic of the CP-MgONPs. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals polyhedral morphology of nanoparticles with slight agglomeration of CP-MgONPs. The CP-MgONPs exerted excellent antibacterial potencies against six bacterial strains. The CP-MgONPs displayed significant susceptibility towards E. coli (20.72 ± 0.33 mm) and S. aureus (19.52 ± 0.05 mm) with the highest inhibition zones. The anticancer effect of CP-MgONPs was evaluated against HepG2 (IC50 : 15.3 μg·mL-1) cancer cells and exhibited potential anticancer activity. A prompt inversion of cellular injury manifested as impairment of the integrity of the cell membrane, apoptosis, and oxidative stress was observed in treated cells with CP-MgONPs. The biosynthesized CP-MgONPs also conducted successful photocatalytic potential as much as MgO powder under the UV-light using acid orange 8 (AO-8) dye. The degradation performance of CP-MgONPs showed over 94% photocatalytic degradation efficiency of acid orange 8 (AO-8) dyes within a short time. Conclusions Outcomes of this research signify that biogenic CP-MgONPs may be advantageous at low concentrations, with positive environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal M. Al Musayeib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musarat Amina
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Maqsood
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kholoud A. Bokhary
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada S. Alrashidi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
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Alka, Mishra N, Singh P, Singh N, Rathore K, Verma V, Ratna S, Nisha R, Verma A, Saraf SA. Multifunctional polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds enriched with azilsartan medoxomil for enhanced wound healing. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01637-3. [PMID: 38833068 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01637-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
A prolonged and compromised wound healing process poses a significant clinical challenge, necessitating innovative solutions. This research investigates the potential application of nanotechnology-based formulations, specifically nanofiber (NF) scaffolds, in addressing this issue. The study focuses on the development and characterization of multifunctional nanofibrous scaffolds (AZL-CS/PVA-NF) composed of azilsartan medoxomil (AZL) enriched chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA) through electrospinning. The scaffolds underwent comprehensive characterization both in vitro and in vivo. The mean diameter and tensile strength of AZL-CS/PVA-NF were determined to be 240.42 ± 3.55 nm and 18.05 ± 1.18 MPa, respectively. A notable drug release rate of 93.86 ± 2.04%, was observed from AZL-CS/PVA-NF over 48 h at pH 7.4. Moreover, AZL-CS/PVA-NF exhibited potent antimicrobial efficacy for Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The expression levels of Akt and CD31 were significantly elevated, while Stat3 showed a decrease, indicating a heightened tissue regeneration rate with AZL-CS/PVA-NF compared to other treatment groups. In vivo ELISA findings revealed reduced inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) within treated skin tissue, implying a beneficial effect on injury repair. The comprehensive findings of the present endeavour underscore the superior wound healing activity of the developed AZL-CS/PVA-NF scaffolds in a Wistar rat full-thickness excision wound model. This indicates their potential as novel carriers for drugs and dressings in the field of wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
- School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed-to-Be) University, Rudraram, Patancheru Mandal, Hyderabad, 502329, Telangana, India
| | - Neelu Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kalpana Rathore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Samtel Centre for Display Technologies, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- National Centre for Flexible Electronics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sheel Ratna
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raquibun Nisha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shubhini A Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Souri P, Emamifar A, Davati N. Time-kill kinetic of nano-ZnO-loaded nanoliposomes against Aspergillus niger and Botrytis cinerea. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:1669-1678. [PMID: 38369671 PMCID: PMC11153485 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In vitro antimicrobial activity of nano-ZnO-loaded nanoliposomes at different levels of lecithin:nano-ZnO ratio (5:1, 15:1, and 25:1 w/w) against Aspergillus niger (IBRC-M 30095) and Botrytis cinerea (IBRC-M 30162) was evaluated. Nanoliposome formulations containing nano-ZnO were fabricated through thin-layer hydration sonication and heat methods. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of nano-ZnO-loaded nanoliposomes and free nano-ZnO against Aspergillus niger and Botrytis cinerea were determined. The time-kill experiments were performed for each isolate. Results showed that the encapsulation of nano-ZnO in nanoliposome systems significantly enhanced their antimicrobial activities by improving the penetration of ZnO nanoparticles the fungi cell membrane. In vitro antifungal activity of nano-ZnO-loaded nanoliposomes against Aspergillus niger and Botrytis cinerea was increased in thin-layer hydration sonication method compared with the heat method. The log phase for Aspergillus niger and Botrytis cinerea was around 70 h. Adding nano-ZnO-loaded nanoliposomes to the culture medium shortened the log phase for both Aspergillus niger and Botrytis cinerea. The highest antimicrobial activity of nanoliposomes was achieved using nanoliposomes containing the lecithin:nano-ZnO ratio of 25:1 (w/w) as compared to all samples. However, the length of the log phase growth cultures exposed to the nanoliposome formulations prepared by thin-layer hydration sonication method with the lecithin:nano-ZnO ratio of 25:1 (w/w) at MIC and MFC values was 60 and 40 h for both Aspergillus niger and Botrytis cinerea, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Souri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Industry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 65178-38695, Iran
| | - Aryou Emamifar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Industry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 65178-38695, Iran.
| | - Nafiseh Davati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Industry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 65178-38695, Iran
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Correia AAV, de Almeida Campos LA, de Queiroz Macêdo HLR, de Lacerda Coriolano D, Agreles MAA, Xavier DE, de Siqueira Ferraz-Carvalho R, de Andrade Aguiar JL, Cavalcanti IMF. Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Potential of Bacterial Cellulose Hydrogel Containing Vancomycin against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:354. [PMID: 38785836 PMCID: PMC11118175 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of bacterial cellulose hydrogel produced by Zoogloea sp. (HYDROGEL) containing vancomycin (VAN) against bacterial strains that cause wound infections, such as multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Initially, HYDROGEL was obtained from sugar cane molasses, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to determine morphological characteristics. Then, VAN was incorporated into HYDROGEL (VAN-HYDROGEL). The antibacterial activity of VAN, HYDROGEL, and VAN-HYDROGEL was assessed using the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) ATCC 25923, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) ATCC 33591, S. epidermidis INCQS 00016 (ATCC 12228), five clinical isolates of MRSA, and nine clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis, following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of VAN, HYDROGEL, and VAN-HYDROGEL was studied using the time-kill assay. Subsequently, the antibiofilm activity of VAN, HYDROGEL, and VAN-HYDROGEL was evaluated using crystal violet and Congo red methods, as well as SEM analysis. VAN and VAN-HYDROGEL showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against MRSA and methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis strains. HYDROGEL did not show any antibacterial activity. Analysis of the time-kill assay indicated that HYDROGEL maintained the antibacterial efficacy of VAN, highlighting its efficiency as a promising carrier. Regarding antibiofilm activity, VAN and HYDROGEL inhibited biofilm formation but did not demonstrate biofilm eradication activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and S. epidermidis strains. However, it was observed that the biofilm eradication potential of VAN was enhanced after incorporation into HYDROGEL, a result also proven through images obtained by SEM. From the methods carried out in this study, it was possible to observe that HYDROGEL preserved the antibacterial activity of vancomycin, aside from exhibiting antibiofilm activity and enhancing the antibiofilm effect of VAN. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the potential of HYDROGEL as a candidate and/or vehicle for antibiotics against MDR bacteria that cause wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Danilo Elias Xavier
- Department of Microbiology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, FIOCRUZ-PE, Recife 50740-465, Brazil
| | | | | | - Isabella Macário Ferro Cavalcanti
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 50670-901, Brazil
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, Brazil
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Qian W, Lu J, Gao C, Liu Q, Li Y, Zeng Q, Zhang J, Wang T, Chen S. Deciphering antifungal and antibiofilm mechanisms of isobavachalcone against Cryptococcus neoformans through RNA-seq and functional analyses. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:107. [PMID: 38609931 PMCID: PMC11015616 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02369-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans has been designated as critical fungal pathogens by the World Health Organization, mainly due to limited treatment options and the prevalence of antifungal resistance. Consequently, the utilization of novel antifungal agents is crucial for the effective treatment of C. neoformans infections. This study exposed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of isobavachalcone (IBC) against C. neoformans H99 was 8 µg/mL, and IBC dispersed 48-h mature biofilms by affecting cell viability at 16 µg/mL. The antifungal efficacy of IBC was further validated through microscopic observations using specific dyes and in vitro assays, which confirmed the disruption of cell wall/membrane integrity. RNA-Seq analysis was employed to decipher the effect of IBC on the C. neoformans H99 transcriptomic profiles. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis was performed to validate the transcriptomic data and identify the differentially expressed genes. The results showed that IBC exhibited various mechanisms to impede the growth, biofilm formation, and virulence of C. neoformans H99 by modulating multiple dysregulated pathways related to cell wall/membrane, drug resistance, apoptosis, and mitochondrial homeostasis. The transcriptomic findings were corroborated by the antioxidant analyses, antifungal drug sensitivity, molecular docking, capsule, and melanin assays. In vivo antifungal activity analysis demonstrated that IBC extended the lifespan of C. neoformans-infected Caenorhabditis elegans. Overall, the current study unveiled that IBC targeted multiple pathways simultaneously to inhibit growth significantly, biofilm formation, and virulence, as well as to disperse mature biofilms of C. neoformans H99 and induce cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qian
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaxing Lu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Chang Gao
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Qiming Liu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yongdong Li
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, 315010, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Zeng
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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10
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Ali Syed I, Alvi IA, Fiaz M, Ahmad J, Butt S, Ullah A, Ahmed I, Niaz Z, Khan S, Hayat S, Ashique S, Zengin G, Farid A. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Ganoderma Species and Their Activity against Multi Drug Resistant Pathogens. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301304. [PMID: 37926683 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The widespread and indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics leads to microbial resistance, which causes major problems in the treatment of infectious diseases. However, advances in nanotechnology using mushrooms have opened up new domains for the synthesis and use of nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Mushooms have recently attracted attention and are exploited for food and medicinal purposes. The current study focuses on the molecular identification, characterization of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles by X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and antibacterial analysis of extract and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis from Ganoderma resinaceum against multidrug resistant microbes. Accurate identification of mushrooms is key in utilizing them for the benefit of humans. However, morphological identification of mushrooms is time consuming, tedious and may be prone to error. Molecular techniques are quick and reliable tools that are useful in mushroom taxonomy. Blast results showed that G. resinaceum (GU451247) obtained from Pakistan was 97 % same to the recognized G. resinaceum (GU451247) obtained from China as well as G. resinaceum (GU451247) obtained from India. The antimicrobial potential of mushroom composite and AgNPs showed high efficacy against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus (ZOI 23 mm) K. pneumonia (ZOI 20 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ZOI 24 mm) and E. fecalis and A. baumannii (ZOI 10 mm), and multidrug resistant (MDR) A. baumannii (ZOI 24 mm). XRD evaluation revealed the crystalline composition of synthesized NPs with diameter of 45 nm. UV-Vis spectroscopy obsorption peaked of 589 nm confirmed the presence of AgNPs. SEM results showed the cubic morphology of AgNPs. The FTIR analysis of NPs obtained from G. resinaceum containing C=O as well as (O=C-H) stretching revealed presence of hydrogen, carbonyl and amide groups. The synthesized extract and AgNPs showed promising minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 2 mg concentration against the MDR strains. AgNPs are observed to be efficient as they need less quantities to prevent bacterial growth. In the view of challenges for developing antimicrobial NPs of variable shape and size by various other methods, tuning nanoparticles synthesized via mushrooms can be a wonderful approach to resolve existing hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muhammad Fiaz
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Junaid Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University Mansehra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Sadia Butt
- Department of microbiology, shaheed benazir butto women university Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Amin Ullah
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, 25000, Khyber, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmed
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, D.I.K, 29050, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Niaz
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University Mansehra
| | - Sayab Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University Mansehra
| | - Shubana Hayat
- Department of Microbiology, Hazara University Mansehra
| | - Sumel Ashique
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Pandaveswar School of Pharmacy, Pandaveswar, West Bengal, 713378, India
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Arshad Farid
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, D.I.K, 29050, Pakistan
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11
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Haran P, Shanmugam R, Deenadayalan P. Free Radical Scavenging, Anti-inflammatory and Antibacterial Activity of Acorus calamus Leaves Extract Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Cureus 2024; 16:e55987. [PMID: 38606241 PMCID: PMC11007190 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Herbal medicine, or phytotherapy, has been used for centuries in traditional healing practices to harness the therapeutic properties of different plant-derived elements. Acorus calamus, a perennial herbaceous plant, has significant historical importance in traditional medicine, specifically in Ayurveda, where it is referred to as "Vacha." This study investigates the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial characteristics of the A. calamus dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) extract. The objectives of the research are to provide valuable knowledge about the preparation of A. calamus DMSO extract and to explore its potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. Materials and methods The A. calamus DMSO extract was derived from leaves, and its antioxidant activity was evaluated through the use of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay (H2O2 assay), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using the Bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation assay, egg albumin (EA) denaturation assay, and membrane stabilization assays. The antimicrobial activity was analyzed using the agar well diffusion technique and the time-kill curve assay. Results In DPPH and H2O2 tests, the DMSO extract of A. calamus showed significant antioxidant activity, near that of standard ascorbic acid. The FRAP assay demonstrated a correlation between the dose and the activity of reducing ferric ions. The A. calamus DMSO extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory properties in BSA and EA denaturation assays, similar to the standard diclofenac sodium. The anti-inflammatory potential of the A. calamus DMSO extract was further confirmed through the membrane stabilization assay. The DMSO extract of A. calamus exhibited a significant inhibition zone against the pathogens Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa during the antimicrobial evaluation, surpassing the efficacy of the standard antibiotic. The time-kill curve assay validated the antibacterial efficacy, which was dependent on the concentration. Conclusion The A. calamus DMSO extract exhibited promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, supporting its traditional use in alternative medicine. The findings suggest its potential as a natural resource of compounds with bioactive properties for use in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Haran
- Nanobiomedicine Lab, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajeshkumar Shanmugam
- Nanobiomedicine Lab, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Pavithra Deenadayalan
- Nanobiomedicine Lab, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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12
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Qian W, Lu J, Gao C, Liu Q, Yao W, Wang T, Wang X, Wang Z. Isobavachalcone exhibits antifungal and antibiofilm effects against C. albicans by disrupting cell wall/membrane integrity and inducing apoptosis and autophagy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1336773. [PMID: 38322671 PMCID: PMC10845358 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1336773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Isobavachalcone (IBC) is a natural flavonoid with multiple pharmacological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of IBC against planktonic growth and biofilms of Candida albicans (C. albicans) and the mechanisms underlying its antifungal action. The cell membrane integrity, cell metabolic viability, and cell morphology of C. albicans treated with IBC were evaluated using CLSM and FESEM analyses. Crystal violet staining, CLSM, and FESEM were used to assess the inhibition of biofilm formation, as well as dispersal and killing effects of IBC on mature biofilms. RNA-seq combined with apoptosis and autophagy assays was used to examine the mechanisms underlying the antifungal action of IBC. IBC exhibited excellent antifungal activity with 8 μg/mL of MIC for C. albicans. IBC disrupted the cell membrane integrity, and inhibited biofilm formation. IBC dispersed mature biofilms and damaged biofilm cells of C. albicans at 32 μg/mL. Moreover, IBC induced apoptosis and autophagy-associated cell death of C. albicans. The RNA-seq analysis revealed upregulation or downregulation of key genes involved in cell wall synthesis (Wsc1 and Fks1), ergosterol biosynthesis (Erg3, and Erg11), apoptisis (Hsp90 and Aif1), as well as autophagy pathways (Atg8, Atg13, and Atg17), and so forth, in response to IBC, as evidenced by the experiment-based phenotypic analysis. These results suggest that IBC inhibits C. albicans growth by disrupting the cell wall/membrane, caused by the altered expression of genes associated with β-1,3-glucan and ergosterol biosynthesis. IBC induces apoptosis and autophagy-associated cell death by upregulating the expression of Hsp90, and altering autophagy-related genes involved in the formation of the Atg1 complex and the pre-autophagosomal structure. Together, our findings provide important insights into the potential multifunctional mechanism of action of IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qian
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiaxing Lu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Chang Gao
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Wendi Yao
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Urology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Sharma A, Rashid M, Chauhan P, Kaur S, Kaur A. In vitro antibacterial and anti-biofilm potential of an endophytic Schizophyllum commune. AMB Express 2024; 14:10. [PMID: 38245627 PMCID: PMC10799838 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens is one of the major health concerns facing mankind as different bacterial strains have developed resistance to antibiotics over the period of time due to overuse and misuse of antibiotics. Besides this, ability to form biofilms is another major factor contributing to antibiotic resistance, which has necessitated the need for exploration for novel and effective compounds with ability to inhibit biofilm formation. Endophytic fungi are reported to exhibit antibacterial and anti-biofilm potential and could serve as a potent source of novel antibacterial compounds. Majority of the bioactivities have been reported from fungi belonging to phylum Ascomycota. Endophytic basidiomycetes, inspite of their profound ability to serve as a source of bioactive compounds have not been exploited extensively. In present study, an attempt was made to assess the antibacterial, anti-biofilm and biofilm dispersion potential of an endophytic basidiomycetous fungus Schizophyllum commune procured from the culture collection of our lab. Ethyl acetate extract of S. commune showed good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica and Vibrio cholerae. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the extract were in the range of 1.25-10 mg/ml against the tested bacterial pathogens. The mode of action was determined to be bactericidal which was further confirmed by time kill studies. Good anti-biofilm activity of S. commune extract was recorded against K. pneumoniae and S. enterica, which was further validated by fluorescence microscopy. The present study highlights the importance of endophytic basidiomycetes as source of therapeutic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Muzamil Rashid
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Chauhan
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhraj Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Amarjeet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
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14
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Masadeh MM, Al-Tal Z, Khanfar MS, Alzoubi KH, Sabi SH, Masadeh MM. Synergistic Effect of Silver Nanoparticles with Antibiotics for Eradication of Pathogenic Biofilms. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1884-1903. [PMID: 38231054 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010279217240102100405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase in nosocomial multidrug resistance and biofilm-forming bacterial infections led to the search for new alternative antimicrobial strategies other than traditional antibiotics. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) could be a viable treatment due to their wide range of functions, rapid lethality, and minimal resistance potential. The primary aim of this study is to prepare silver nanoparticles and explore their antibacterial activity against biofilms. METHODS AgNPs with specific physicochemical properties such as size, shape, and surface chemistry were prepared using a chemical reduction technique, and then characterized by DLS, SEM, and FTIR. The activity of AgNPs was tested alone and in combination with some antibiotics against MDR Gram-negative and Gram-positive planktonic bacterial cells and their biofilms. Finally, mammalian cell cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity were tested using VERO and human erythrocytes. RESULTS The findings of this study illustrate the success of the chemical reduction method in preparing AgNPs. Results showed that AgNPs have MIC values against planktonic organisms ranging from 0.0625 to 0.125 mg/mL, with the greatest potency against gram-negative bacteria. It also effectively destroyed biofilm-forming cells, with minimal biofilm eradication concentrations (MBEC) ranging from 0.125 to 0.25 mg/ml. AgNPs also had lower toxicity profiles for the MTT test when compared to hemolysis to erythrocytes. Synergistic effect was found between AgNPs and certain antibiotics, where the MIC was dramatically reduced, down to less than 0.00195 mg/ml in some cases. CONCLUSION The present findings encourage the development of alternative therapies with high efficacy and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed M Masadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Zeinab Al-Tal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Mai S Khanfar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Salsabeel H Sabi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Majd M Masadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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15
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Tubtimsri S, Weerapol Y. Sustained release gel (polymer-free) of itraconazole-loaded microemulsion for oral candidiasis treatment: time-kill kinetics and cellular uptake. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2234099. [PMID: 37448320 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2234099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Itraconazole (ICZ) was prepared in a self-microemulsifying (SM) gel. This gel was intended for use in the oral mucosa, where low volume and flow of saliva result in limited solubility and absorption of drugs that are poorly water-soluble. The drug-loaded gel formulation (ICZ-SM) was selected as a clear solution in the ternary phase diagram to improve the solubility of ICZ. Seven ratios (S1-S7) were prepared by mixing polyoxyl 35 castor oils (P35), a medium chain with a blend of mono-, di-, and triglycerides (MCT), and water. Phase separation of large-sized emulsions by countering with artificial saliva were observed in dilution tests for the formulation contained MCT, P35, and water at the ratios of 70:20:10 (S1), 10:80:10 (S3), and 20:60:20 (S4). Formulations in the ratios of 15:50:35 (S5) and 19:43:38 (S6) produced strong ICZ-SM gels, as shown by rheology tests, whereas the formulations at the ratios of 30:60:10 (S2) and 10:43:47 (S7) exhibited no elasticity. A model of zero-order kinetic (S5) and first-order kinetic (S6) were found to best fit the release kinetics of ICZ from the gels. Time-killing assays revealed that S5 and S6 required less time compared with S2 and the ICZ solution. Furthermore, S5 exhibited the highest increase in cell uptake compared with S2, S6, and the ICZ solution. These findings suggest that the ICZ-SM gel was a free polymer capable of delivering an ICZ for the treatment of oral candidiasis, and that ICZ-SM gels applied locally exhibit enhanced absorption into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yotsanan Weerapol
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
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16
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Song J, Razzaq A, Khan NU, Iqbal H, Ni J. Chitosan/poly (3-hydroxy butyric acid-co-3-hydroxy valeric acid) electrospun nanofibers with cephradine for superficial incisional skin wound infection management. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126229. [PMID: 37558042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The belated and compromised incisional skin wound healing caused by the invading of methicillin-resistance staphylococcus aureus is a serious problem in clinic. Designing a new therapeutic strategy to inhibit the growth of invading bacteria at post-surgical site might be helpful in fast healing of post-surgical wounds. In this study, we developed cephradine (Ceph) encapsulated chitosan and poly (3-hydroxy butyric acid-co-3-hydroxy valeric acid, (PHBV)) hybrid nanofibers (Ceph-CHP NFs) employing an electrospinning method to revamp the Ceph bioavailability at the post-surgical wound site to prevent the growth of invading bacteria and trigger the wound healing process. The fabricated nanofibers revealed smooth and uniform surface with a diameter range of 160 ± 25 to 190 ± 55 nm, depending on Ceph concentration. Further, the electrospun hybrid nanofibers exhibited a higher entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug loading capacity (DLC) nearly 72.8 ± 5.2 % and 16.5 ± 3.2 %, respectively. Moreover, the Ceph-CHP NFs showed high swelling rate and biodegradation in presence of lysozyme in contrast to blank CHP NFs. Ceph-CHP NFs exhibited fast drug release in initial few hours followed by slow and controlled drug release drug up to 48 h with a constant rate. In-vitro antimicrobial studies indicated the heightened efficacy of Ceph-CHP NFs against MRSA clinical isolates and exhibited no visible cytotoxicity against keratinocytes, HC11 and L929 cells. Lastly, Ceph-CHP NFs showed the enhanced wound healing and bacterial clearance from post-surgical wound compared to Ceph in C57BL/6 mice skin model. Overall, our results showed that Ceph-CHP NFs might be used as a promising wound dressing material for MRSA-infected post-surgical wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Anam Razzaq
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Naveed Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Iqbal
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
| | - Jiang Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China.
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17
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Charirak P, Prajantasan R, Premprayoon K, Srikacha N, Ratananikom K. In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Piper betle Extracts against Soft Rot Disease-Causing Bacteria. SCIENTIFICA 2023; 2023:5806841. [PMID: 37766936 PMCID: PMC10522424 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5806841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Soft rot disease affects a range of crops in the field and also during transit and storage, resulting in significant yield losses and negative economic impacts. This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activities and mode of action of Piper betle extracts against the soft rot disease-causing bacteria, Erwinia caratovora subsp. caratovora (ECC). Dried leaves of P. betle were extracted with water, ethanol, and hexane solvents and evaluated for their antibacterial activity. The results showed the highest antibacterial activity against ECC in the ethanol extract, followed by hexane and water extracts with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 1.562, 6.25, and more than 12.50 mg/mL, respectively. The time-kill assay indicated a bactericidal mode of action. ECC growth was destroyed within 6 and 8 hours after treatment with the ethanol extract at 4-fold MIC and 2-fold MIC, respectively. The ethanol extract of P. betle showed promising activity against ECC, with the potential for further development as a novel alternative treatment to control phytobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punyisa Charirak
- Department of Plant Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin, Thailand
| | - Rapeepun Prajantasan
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Health Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin, Thailand
| | - Kantapon Premprayoon
- Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khon Kaen Campus, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Nikom Srikacha
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Khakhanang Ratananikom
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Health Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin, Thailand
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18
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Petcu CD, Tăpăloagă D, Mihai OD, Gheorghe-Irimia RA, Negoiță C, Georgescu IM, Tăpăloagă PR, Borda C, Ghimpețeanu OM. Harnessing Natural Antioxidants for Enhancing Food Shelf Life: Exploring Sources and Applications in the Food Industry. Foods 2023; 12:3176. [PMID: 37685108 PMCID: PMC10486681 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumers are increasingly showing in maintaining a healthy dietary regimen, while food manufacturers are striving to develop products that possess an extended shelf-life to meet the demands of the market. Numerous studies have been conducted to identify natural sources that contribute to the preservation of perishable food derived from animals and plants, thereby prolonging its shelf life. Hence, the present study focuses on the identification of both natural sources of antioxidants and their applications in the development of novel food products, as well as their potential for enhancing product shelf-life. The origins of antioxidants in nature encompass a diverse range of products, including propolis, beebread, and extracts derived through various physical-chemical processes. Currently, there is a growing body of research being conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of natural antioxidants in the processing and preservation of various food products, including meat and meat products, milk and dairy products, bakery products, and bee products. The prioritization of discovering novel sources of natural antioxidants is a crucial concern for the meat, milk, and other food industries. Additionally, the development of effective methods for applying these natural antioxidants is a significant objective in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Daniela Petcu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd, Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.P.); (O.D.M.); (R.-A.G.-I.); (C.N.); (O.M.G.)
| | - Dana Tăpăloagă
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd, Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.P.); (O.D.M.); (R.-A.G.-I.); (C.N.); (O.M.G.)
| | - Oana Diana Mihai
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd, Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.P.); (O.D.M.); (R.-A.G.-I.); (C.N.); (O.M.G.)
| | - Raluca-Aniela Gheorghe-Irimia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd, Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.P.); (O.D.M.); (R.-A.G.-I.); (C.N.); (O.M.G.)
| | - Carmen Negoiță
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd, Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.P.); (O.D.M.); (R.-A.G.-I.); (C.N.); (O.M.G.)
| | - Ioana Mădălina Georgescu
- Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Directorate Bucharest, Ilioara Street No. 16Y, District 3, 032125 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Paul Rodian Tăpăloagă
- Faculty of Animal Productions Engineering and Management, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristin Borda
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mânăștur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Mărgărita Ghimpețeanu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 105 Blvd, Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.P.); (O.D.M.); (R.-A.G.-I.); (C.N.); (O.M.G.)
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Pangprasit N, Thammawong Y, Kulsirorat A, Chuammitri P, Kongkaew A, Intanon M, Suriyasathaporn W, Pikulkaew S, Chaisri W. Titanium Dioxide Nano-Formulation: Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and Wound Healing in Animals. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2688. [PMID: 37684952 PMCID: PMC10486583 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of metal oxide nanoparticles as an alternative antimicrobial agent has gained attention due to the increasing problem of antimicrobial resistance. Understanding its properties and potential benefits can contribute to the development of more effective and sustainable treatments in veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to characterize TiO2-NP formulations and evaluate their antibacterial and wound healing abilities. The diameters and zeta potentials were determined using the Zetasizer in conjunction with dynamic light scattering. The agar-well diffusion method, time-kill kinetic assay and crystal violet assay were used to evaluate their antimicrobial activities. Wound healing assays were conducted both in vitro and in vivo. The study demonstrated that TiO2-NP formulations exhibit significant antimicrobial properties against various bacterial strains such as S. aureus and E. coli. No measurable E. coli growth was observed within a 15-min period following exposure to TiO2-NP formulations. The TiO2-NP formation can improve wound healing by enhancing cell migration and collagen formation in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In summary, our study suggests that TiO2-NP has the potential for use as an antimicrobial agent for animal wound treatment due to its ability to suppress bacterial growth and biofilm formation, as well as to enhance wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noppason Pangprasit
- PhD’s Degree Program, Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (Y.T.); (A.K.); (W.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Yada Thammawong
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (Y.T.); (A.K.); (W.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Alongkorn Kulsirorat
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (Y.T.); (A.K.); (W.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Phongsakorn Chuammitri
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.C.); (M.I.)
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Aphisek Kongkaew
- Research Administration Section, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Montira Intanon
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.C.); (M.I.)
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Witaya Suriyasathaporn
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (Y.T.); (A.K.); (W.S.); (S.P.)
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Surachai Pikulkaew
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (Y.T.); (A.K.); (W.S.); (S.P.)
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Wasana Chaisri
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (Y.T.); (A.K.); (W.S.); (S.P.)
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
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20
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Sinelius S, Lady J, Yunardy M, Tjoa E, Nurcahyanti ADR. Antibacterial activity of Lagerstreomia speciosa and its active compound, corosolic acid, enhances cefotaxime inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad171. [PMID: 37541956 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Various epidemiology studies have reported the emergence of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistance strain causing global health concerns, especially during and post-COVID-19 pandemic. This pathogen presents as a co-infection in patients with COVID-19. In addition, certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, including cefotaxime, have been identified. We aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of Lagerstreomia speciosa, a medicinal plant with antidiabetic activity, against S. aureus, including the strain resistant to methicillin. Furthermore, we examined whether the extract and one of its bioactive compounds, corosolic acid, can enhance the therapeutic effect of cefotaxime on antibiotic-resistant S. aureus. METHODS AND RESULTS The minimum inhibitory concentration of each substance was determined using the standard broth microdilution test following the checkerboard dilution. The type of interactions, synergistic, additivity, indifference, or antagonism, were determined using isobolograms analysis and the dose reduction index (DRI). The evaluation of synergy and bactericidal activity of the natural products in combination with cefotaxime was performed using the time-kill kinetic assay. Corosolic acid, L. speciosa leaves extract, and bark extract alone showed antibacterial activity against all tested S. aureus ATCC 33591, S. aureus ATCC 29213, S. aureus ATCC 25923, and clinical isolated S. aureus. Corosolic acid enhanced the antibacterial activity of cefotaxime, showing a synergistic effect and greater DRI of cefotaxime against all tested S. aureus strains. Time-kill kinetic assay showed that corosolic acid has a more profound effect than L. speciosa extracts to potentiate the bactericidal activity of cefotaxime. Whereas L. speciosa leaves and bark extract showed some inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus after a single administration. CONCLUSIONS Lagerstreomia speciosa leaves and bark extract and its active compound, corosolic acid, could be used as a potential anti-Staphylococcus aureus treatment to enhance the therapeutic use of cefotaxime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Sinelius
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
| | - Jullietta Lady
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
| | - Michellina Yunardy
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
| | - Enty Tjoa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
| | - Agustina D R Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
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21
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Das P, Devi N, Gaur N, Goswami S, Dutta D, Dubey R, Puzari A. Acrylonitrile adducts: design, synthesis and biological evaluation as antimicrobial, haemolytic and thrombolytic agent. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6209. [PMID: 37069316 PMCID: PMC10110592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33605-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, five acrylonitrile adducts were screened for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC 1305) and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (MTCC 443). Synthesis was followed by aza-Michael addition reaction, where the acrylonitrile accepts an electron pair from the respective amines and results in the formation of n-alkyliminobis-propionitrile and n-alkyliminopropionitrile under microwave irradiation. Characterization of the compounds were performed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS). The particle size characterization was done by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) technique. The antibacterial study showed higher inhibition rate for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial ability was found to be dose dependent. The minimum inhibitory concentration against both bacteria were found to be 1, 3, 0.4, 1, 3 µl/ml for E. coli and 6, 6, 0.9, 0.5, 5 µl/ml for B. subtilis. Time-kill kinetics evaluation showed that the adducts possess bacteriostatic action. Further it was evaluated for high-throughput in vitro assays to determine the compatibility of the adducts for drug delivery. The haemolytic and thrombolytic activity was analysed against normal mouse erythrocytes. The haemolytic activity showed prominent results, and thereby projecting this acrylonitrile adducts as potent antimicrobial and haemolytic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parineeta Das
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Chumoukedima, Nagaland, 797103, India
| | - Nirmala Devi
- Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nisha Gaur
- Defence Research Laboratory, Post Bag No. 2, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
| | - Swagata Goswami
- Defence Research Laboratory, Post Bag No. 2, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
| | - Dhiraj Dutta
- Defence Research Laboratory, Post Bag No. 2, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
| | - Rama Dubey
- Defence Research Laboratory, Post Bag No. 2, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
| | - Amrit Puzari
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Chumoukedima, Nagaland, 797103, India.
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Toh SC, Lihan S, Bunya SR, Leong SS. In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of Cassia alata (Linn.) leaves, stem, and root extracts against cellulitis causative agent Staphylococcus aureus. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:85. [PMID: 36934252 PMCID: PMC10024395 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03914-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellulitis is a common skin disease encountered in medical emergencies in hospitals. It can be treated using a combination of antibiotics therapy; however, the causative agent Staphylococcus aureus has been reported to develop resistance towards the currently used antibiotics. Therefore, the search for more alternative herbal origin antimicrobial agents is critical. AIM In this study, maceration and Soxhlet extraction of the whole plant of Cassia alata Linn. (leaves, roots, and stem) were performed using four solvents with different polarities, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and distilled water. The crude extracts were screened using agar well diffusion, colorimetric broth microdilution, grid culture and bacterial growth curve analysis against Staphylococcus aureus. The phytochemicals in the crude extracts were identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS Agar-well diffusion analysis revealed that extraction using ethyl acetate showed the largest inhibition zone with an average diameter of 15.30 mm (root Soxhlet extract) followed by 14.70 mm (leaf Soxhlet extract) and 13.70 mm (root maceration extract). The lowest minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration in root Soxhlet extract using ethyl acetate was 0.313 and 0.625 µg µL-1, respectively. Our study proved that crude extract of the plant suppressed the growth of S. aureus as evidenced from a significant regression extension (p < 0.06, p = 0.00003) of lag phase for 6 h after the treatment with increased concentration. Based on the GC-MS analysis, 88 phytochemicals consist of fatty acids, esters, alkanes, phenols, fatty alcohols, sesquiterpenoids and macrocycle that possibly contributed to the antimicrobial properties were identified, 32 of which were previously characterized for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. CONCLUSION Ethyl acetate crude extract was better than the other investigated solvents. The root and stem of C. alata showed significant antimicrobial efficacy against S. aureus in this study. The remaining 56 out of 88 phytochemicals of the plant should be intensively studied for more medicinal uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seng Chiew Toh
- Department of Animal Science and Fishery, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Nyabau Road, 97008, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Samuel Lihan
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Scholastica Ramih Bunya
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Sui Sien Leong
- Department of Animal Science and Fishery, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Nyabau Road, 97008, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia.
- Institute of Ecosystem Science Borneo, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Nyabau Road, 97008, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia.
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Berikashvili V, Khardziani T, Kobakhidze A, Kulp M, Kuhtinskaja M, Lukk T, Gargano ML, Venturella G, Kachlishvili E, Metreveli E, Elisashvili VI, Asatiani M. Antifungal Activity of Medicinal Mushrooms and Optimization of Submerged Culture Conditions for Schizophyllum commune (Agaricomycetes). Int J Med Mushrooms 2023; 25:1-21. [PMID: 37830193 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2023049836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of the present study was the exploration of the antifungal properties of Agaricomycetes mushrooms. Among twenty-three tested mushrooms against A. niger, B. cinerea, F. oxysporum, and G. bidwellii, Schizophyllum commune demonstrated highest inhibition rates and showed 35.7%, 6.5%, 50.4%, and 66.0% of growth inhibition, respectively. To reveal culture conditions enhancing the antifungal potential of Sch. commune, several carbon (lignocellulosic substrates among them) and nitrogen sources and their optimal concentrations were investigated. Presence of 6% mandarin juice production waste (MJPW) and 6% of peptone in nutrient medium promoted antifungal activity of selected mushroom. It was determined that, extracts obtained in the presence of MJPW effectively inhibited the grow of pathogenic fungi. Moreover, the content of phenolic compounds in the extracts obtained from Sch. commune grown on MJPW was several times higher (0.87 ± 0.05 GAE/g to 2.38 ± 0.08 GAE/g) than the extracts obtained from the mushroom grown on the synthetic (glycerol contained) nutrient medium (0.21 ± 0.03 GAE/g to 0.88 ± 0.05 GAE/g). Flavonoid contents in the extracts from Sch. commune varied from 0.58 ± 0.03 to 27.2 ± 0.8 mg QE/g. Identification of phenolic compounds composition in water and ethanol extracts were provided by mass spectrometry analysis. Extracts demonstrate considerable free radical scavenging activities and the IC50 values were generally low for the extracts, ranging from 1.9 mg/ml to 6.7 mg/ml. All the samples displayed a positive correlation between their concentration (0.05-15.0 mg/ml) and DPPH radical scavenging activity. This investigation revealed that Sch. commune mushroom has great potential to be used as a source of antifungal and antioxidant substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Berikashvili
- The Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0131 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tamar Khardziani
- Durmishidze Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Academy of Science of Georgia, 10 km Agmashenebeli kheivani, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Aza Kobakhidze
- The Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0131 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Maria Kulp
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Maria Kuhtinskaja
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tiit Lukk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Maria Letizia Gargano
- Departament of Schol, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via G. Amendola, 165/A - 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Venturella
- Italian Society of Medicinal Mushrooms, Pisa, Italy; Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Eva Kachlishvili
- The Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0131 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Eka Metreveli
- The Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0131 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Vladimir I Elisashvili
- The Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0131 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Mikheil Asatiani
- The Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Georgia, 0131 Tbilisi, Georgia
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Alam A, Foudah AI, Salkini MA, Raish M, Sawale J. Herbal Fennel Essential Oil Nanogel: Formulation, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Gels 2022; 8:736. [PMID: 36421558 PMCID: PMC9689951 DOI: 10.3390/gels8110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest threats to humanity in the world. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria spread easily in communities and hospitals. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a serious human infectious agent with threatening broad-spectrum resistance to many commonly used antibiotics. To prevent the spread of pathogenic microorganisms, alternative strategies based on nature have been developed. Essential oils (EOs) are derived from numerous plant parts and have been described as antibacterial agents against S. aureus. Fennel essential oils were selected as antibacterial agents encapsulated in nanoparticles of polylactic acid and glycolic acid (PLGA). The optimum size of the formulation after loading with the active ingredient was 123.19 ± 6.1595 nm with a zeta potential of 0.051 ± 0.002 (23 ± 1.15 mV). The results of the encapsulation efficiency analysis showed high encapsulation of EOs, i.e., 66.4 ± 3.127. To obtain promising carrier materials for the delivery of fennel EOs, they were incorporated in the form of nanogels. The newly developed fennel oils in PLGANPs nanogels have good drug release and MIC against S. aureus. These results indicate the potential of this novel delivery system for antimicrobial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed I. Foudah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ayman Salkini
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Raish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jyotiram Sawale
- IES Institute of Pharmacy, IES University Campus, Kalkheda, Ratibad Main Road, Bhopal 462044, India
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25
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Sangtam AR, Richa K, Saikia P, Longkumer N, Sinha UB, Goswamee RL. Synthesis and characterization of Co(II)-Co(III) LDH and Ac@Co(II)-Co(III) LDH nanohybrid and study of its application as bactericidal agents. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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26
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Aćimović M, Šovljanski O, Pezo L, Travičić V, Tomić A, Zheljazkov VD, Ćetković G, Švarc-Gajić J, Brezo-Borjan T, Sofrenić I. Variability in Biological Activities of Satureja montana Subsp. montana and Subsp. variegata Based on Different Extraction Methods. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1235. [PMID: 36140014 PMCID: PMC9495055 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Winter savory (Satureja montana L.) is a well-known spice and medicinal plant with a wide range of activities and applications. Two subspecies of S. montana, subsp. montana and subsp. variegata, were used for the preparation of seven different extracts: steam distillation (essential oil (EO) and hydrolate (HY)), subcritical water (SWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE-MeOH and UAE-H2O), and microwave-assisted (MAE-MeOH and MAE-H2O) extraction. The obtained EOs, HYs, and extracts were used for an in vitro evaluation of the antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, reducing power, and superoxide anion methods) and in vitro antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial screening was conducted using disk-diffusion assessment, minimal inhibitory concentration, time-kill kinetics modeling, and pharmacodynamic study of the biocide effect. The total phenolic content (TPC) was highest in EO, followed by SWE, MAE, and UAE, and the lowest was in HY. The highest antimicrobial activity shows EO and SWE for both varieties, while different UAE and MAE extracts have not exhibited antimicrobial activity. The natural antimicrobials in the S. montana extract samples obtained by green extraction methods, indicated the possibility of ecologically and economically better solutions for future in vivo application of the selected plant subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Aćimović
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Olja Šovljanski
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Lato Pezo
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 10–12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vanja Travičić
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ana Tomić
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Valtcho D. Zheljazkov
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Gordana Ćetković
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jaroslava Švarc-Gajić
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tanja Brezo-Borjan
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivana Sofrenić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Moussa AY, Fayez S, Xiao H, Xu B. New insights into antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of edible mushrooms. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111982. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Antiparasitic Activity of Tea Tree Oil (TTO) and Its Components against Medically Important Ectoparasites: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081587. [PMID: 36015213 PMCID: PMC9416580 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectoparasites are pathogens that can infect the skin and cause immense pain, discomfort, and disease. They are typically managed with insecticides. However, the fast-emerging antimicrobial resistance and the slow rate of development of new bio-actives combined with environmental and health concerns over the continued use of neurotoxic insecticides warrant newer and alternative methods of control. Tea tree oil (TTO), as an alternative agent, has shown remarkable promise against ectoparasites in recent studies. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to assess preclinical and clinical studies exploring the antiparasitic activity of TTO and its components against clinically significant ectoparasites, such as Demodex mites, scabies mites, house dust mites, lice, fleas, chiggers, and bed bugs. We systematically searched databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE (EBSCOhost), Embase (Scopus), CENTRAL, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SciELO, and LILACS in any language from inception to 4 April 2022. Studies exploring the therapeutic activity of TTO and its components against the ectoparasites were eligible. We used the ToxRTool (Toxicological data reliability assessment) tool, the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools, and the Jadad scale to assess the methodological qualities of preclinical (in vitro and in vivo) studies, non-randomised controlled trials (including cohort, case series, and case studies), and randomised controlled trials, respectively. Of 497 identified records, 71 studies were included in this systematic review, and most (66%) had high methodological quality. The findings of this review revealed the promising efficacy of TTO and its components against ectoparasites of medical importance. Most importantly, the compelling in vitro activity of TTO against ectoparasites noted in this review seems to have translated well into the clinical environment. The promising outcomes observed in clinical studies provide enough evidence to justify the use of TTO in the pharmacotherapy of ectoparasitic infections.
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Qian W, Wang W, Zhang J, Fu Y, Liu Q, Li X, Wang T, Zhang Q. Exploitation of the antifungal and antibiofilm activities of plumbagin against Cryptococcus neoformans. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:558-574. [PMID: 35818738 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2094260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is an important opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes various infections. Here, the antifungal and antibiofilm activities of plumbagin against C. neoformans and the underlying mechanisms were evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of plumbagin against C. neoformans H99 was 8 μg ml-1. Plumbagin disrupted the cell membrane integrity and reduced the metabolic activities of C. neoformans H99. C. neoformans H99 biofilm cells were damaged by plumbagin at a concentration of 64 μg ml-1, whereas 48-h mature biofilms were dispersed at a plumbagin concentration of 128 μg ml-1. Whole-transcriptome analysis of plumbagin-treated C. neoformans H99 in the biofilm and planktonic states identified differentially expressed genes enriched in several important cellular processes (cell membrane, ribosome biogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, melanin and capsule production). Notably, plumbagin damaged biofilm cells by downregulating FAS1 and FAS2 expression. Thus, plumbagin can be exploited as an antifungal agent to combat C. neoformans-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yuting Fu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Qiming Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xinchen Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
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Development of Synergy-Based Combination of Methanolic Extract of Andrographis paniculata and Berberis aristata Against E. coli and S. aureus. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:223. [PMID: 35704102 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02911-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the antibacterial activity and phytochemical characterizations of Andrographis paniculata extract (APE) and Berberis aristata extract (BAE). The stem of Andrographis paniculata (AP) and root of Berberis aristata (BA) were extracted with methanol. The results confirmed that APE and BAE possess high phenolic and flavonoid content. The antioxidant activity of the APE and BAE showed an elevated potential to scavenge DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals with IC50 of 95.03 μg/mL and 256.26 μg/mL, respectively. A total of 35 and 32 metabolites in APE and BAE, respectively, were identified through mass spectrometry analysis, whereas 17 and 12 metabolites in APE and BAE, respectively, were detected through high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting profiling. Antibacterial activity of the extracts was performed by the well diffusion and microdilution method, and the findings showed that APE and BAE had antibacterial activities against E. coli and S. aureus. The growth curve and time-kill study showed that the extracts had a bacteriostatic effect. A combination study with the standard drug was carried out using the microdilution checkerboard method in which most of the combinations showed synergistic interactions. The findings of this study have shown that APE and BAE are good sources of antibacterial compounds and can be used for treating infectious diseases caused by E. coli and S. aureus.
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Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Activities of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb Extract and Its Mode of Action. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:1839356. [PMID: 35754945 PMCID: PMC9217619 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1839356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial activities and mode of action of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb extracts against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were evaluated, with its biological properties including antioxidant activity and total phenolic content also measured. Heartwoods of A. lakoocha Roxb were extracted by solvents including water, ethanol, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, and hexane. Results showed that antibacterial activity against MRSA, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content were highest in the acetonitrile extract. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were 312.5 and 625.0 μg/mL, respectively. Time-killing evaluation indicated a bactericidal mode of action with IC50 values against ABTS and DPPH radicals of 2.37 ± 0.09 and 32.10 ± 0.74 mg/mL, respectively, and total phenolic content 455.29 ± 18.35 mg GAE/g extract. Results suggested that acetonitrile extract of A. lakoocha Roxb had good potential activity against MRSA, with promise for further development as a novel alternative drug.
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Luzala MM, Muanga CK, Kyana J, Safari JB, Zola EN, Mbusa GV, Nuapia YB, Liesse JMI, Nkanga CI, Krause RWM, Balčiūnaitienė A, Memvanga PB. A Critical Review of the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Green-Synthesized Plant-Based Metallic Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1841. [PMID: 35683697 PMCID: PMC9182092 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) produced by green synthesis using plant extracts have attracted huge interest in the scientific community due to their excellent antibacterial, antifungal and antibiofilm activities. To evaluate these pharmacological properties, several methods or protocols have been successfully developed and implemented. Although these protocols were mostly inspired by the guidelines from national and international regulatory bodies, they suffer from a glaring absence of standardization of the experimental conditions. This situation leads to a lack of reproducibility and comparability of data from different study settings. To minimize these problems, guidelines for the antimicrobial and antibiofilm evaluation of MNPs should be developed by specialists in the field. Being aware of the immensity of the workload and the efforts required to achieve this, we set out to undertake a meticulous literature review of different experimental protocols and laboratory conditions used for the antimicrobial and antibiofilm evaluation of MNPs that could be used as a basis for future guidelines. This review also brings together all the discrepancies resulting from the different experimental designs and emphasizes their impact on the biological activities as well as their interpretation. Finally, the paper proposes a general overview that requires extensive experimental investigations to set the stage for the future development of effective antimicrobial MNPs using green synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam M. Luzala
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Phytopharmaceutical Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (M.M.L.); (C.K.M.); (E.N.Z.); (C.I.N.)
| | - Claude K. Muanga
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Phytopharmaceutical Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (M.M.L.); (C.K.M.); (E.N.Z.); (C.I.N.)
| | - Joseph Kyana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medecine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani XI B.P. 2012, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Justin B. Safari
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Public Health, Official University of Bukavu, Bukavu B.P. 570, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Makhana 6140, South Africa
| | - Eunice N. Zola
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Phytopharmaceutical Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (M.M.L.); (C.K.M.); (E.N.Z.); (C.I.N.)
| | - Grégoire V. Mbusa
- Centre Universitaire de Référence de Surveillance de la Résistance aux Antimicrobiens (CURS-RAM), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (G.V.M.); (J.-M.I.L.)
- Laboratory of Experimental and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Yannick B. Nuapia
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Jean-Marie I. Liesse
- Centre Universitaire de Référence de Surveillance de la Résistance aux Antimicrobiens (CURS-RAM), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (G.V.M.); (J.-M.I.L.)
- Laboratory of Experimental and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Christian I. Nkanga
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Phytopharmaceutical Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (M.M.L.); (C.K.M.); (E.N.Z.); (C.I.N.)
| | - Rui W. M. Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Makhana 6140, South Africa
- Center for Chemico- and Bio-Medicinal Research (CCBR), Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Makhana 6140, South Africa
| | - Aistė Balčiūnaitienė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania;
| | - Patrick B. Memvanga
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Phytopharmaceutical Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (M.M.L.); (C.K.M.); (E.N.Z.); (C.I.N.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medecine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani XI B.P. 2012, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Public Health, Official University of Bukavu, Bukavu B.P. 570, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
- Centre de Recherche et d’Innovation Technologique en Environnement et en Sciences de la Santé (CRITESS), University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Abdelraheem WM, Refaie MMM, Yousef RKM, Abd El Fatah AS, Mousa YM, Rashwan R. Assessment of Antibacterial and Anti-biofilm Effects of Vitamin C Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:847449. [PMID: 35668756 PMCID: PMC9163820 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.847449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a persistent need to look for alternative therapeutic modalities to help control the pandemic of antimicrobial resistance. Assessment of antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) was the aim of the current study. The micro-dilution method determined the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ascorbic acid or antibiotics alone and in combinations against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) clinical isolates. The micro-titer plate method monitored the effect of ascorbic acid on the biofilm-producing isolates of P. aeruginosa. The effect of ascorbic acid on the differential expression of different antibiotic-resistant genes and biofilm encoding genes of P. aeruginosa isolates were also tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For in vivo assessment of the antibacterial effects of ascorbic acid alone or combined with an antibiotic, rats were infected with P. aeruginosa clinical isolate followed by different treatment regimens. MICs of ascorbic acid among P. aeruginosa isolates were in the range of 156.2–1,250 μg/ml, while MIC50 and MIC90 were 312.5 and 625 μg/ml, respectively. At sub-inhibitory concentrations (19.5–312.5 μg/ml), ascorbic acid had 100% biofilm inhibitory effect. Furthermore, ascorbic acid-treated bacteria showed downregulation of genes underpinning biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. In vivo assessment of vitamin C and ceftazidime in rats showed that administration of both at a lower dose for treatment of pseudomonas infection in rats had a synergistic and more powerful effect. Vitamin C shows excellent in vitro results as an antibacterial and anti-biofilm agent. Vitamin C should be routinely prescribed with antibiotics to treat bacterial infections in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wedad M. Abdelraheem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Wedad M. Abdelraheem, ,
| | - Marwa M. M. Refaie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | | | | | - Yosra M. Mousa
- Chest Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Rabab Rashwan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
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Antibiofilm Activity of Azadirachta indica and Catharanthus roseus and Their Synergistic Effects in Combination with Antimicrobial Agents against Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Strains and MRSA. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9373524. [PMID: 35356250 PMCID: PMC8959965 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9373524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The rapid emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance has become a global public health concern that threatens the effective treatment of infectious diseases. One major approach adopted to overcome antimicrobial resistance is the use of plant extracts individually and/or with combination of antibiotics with plant extracts, which may lead to new ways of treating infectious diseases and essentially representing a potential area for further future investigations. In this study, the antifungal activities of Azadirachta indica leaf and Catharanthus roseus flower extracts against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains (isolated from pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis) and anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were evaluated by agar well diffusion, microdilution, and biofilm inhibition assays. Subsequently, the determination of the combined antimicrobial activity of the individual plant extracts with (fluconazole and voriconazole) and (ampicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin) against C. albicans strains and MRSA, respectively, was evaluated by checkerboard microdilution assay. Results from the study showed that the antimicrobial activity of the two plant extracts determined by time-kill kinetics was fungistatic with their MICs ranging from 0.1 to 4 mg/mL. Interestingly, all extracts were proved as good biofilm inhibitors of resistant C. albicans and MRSA from 10.1 to 98.82%. Their combination interaction with fluconazole, voriconazole, ampicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin ranged from synergy to antagonism as per the parameters used. Overall, these results showed that A. indica leaf and C. roseus flower extracts have significant antifungal property. Furthermore, A. indica leaf and C. roseus flower extracts alone or in combination with fluconazole and voriconazole could provide a promising approach to the management of candidiasis caused by drug-resistant strains as well as their interaction with the antibacterial agents to combat the common infections caused by MRSA.
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Multifunctional Biomimetic Nanofibrous Scaffold Loaded with Asiaticoside for Rapid Diabetic Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020273. [PMID: 35214006 PMCID: PMC8875374 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with a high mortality rate and many complications. A non-healing diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one the most serious complications, leading to lower-extremity amputation in 15% of diabetic patients. Nanofibers are emerging as versatile wound dressing due to their unique wound healing properties, such as a high surface area to volume ratio, porosity, and ability to maintain a moist wound environment capable of delivering sustained drug release and oxygen supply to a wound. The present study was aimed to prepare and evaluate a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–sodium alginate (SA)–silk fibroin (SF)-based multifunctional nanofibrous scaffold loaded with asiaticoside (AT) in diabetic rats. The SEM findings showed that fibers’ diameters ranged from 100–200 nm, and tensile strengths ranged from 12.41–16.80 MPa. The crosslinked nanofibers were sustained AT over an extended period. The MTT and scratch assay on HaCat cells confirmed low cytotoxicity and significant cell migration, respectively. Antimicrobial tests revealed an excellent anti-microbial efficacy against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus bacteria. In-vivo study demonstrated better wound healing efficacy in diabetic rats. In addition, the histopathological studies showed its ability to restore the normal structure of the skin. The present study concluded that developed multifunctional nanofibers have a great potential for diabetic wound healing applications.
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Qureshi KA, Imtiaz M, Parvez A, Rai PK, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Bholay AD, Fatmi MQ. In Vitro and In Silico Approaches for the Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity, Time-Kill Kinetics, and Anti-Biofilm Potential of Thymoquinone (2-Methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione) against Selected Human Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11010079. [PMID: 35052956 PMCID: PMC8773234 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone (2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione; TQ), a principal bioactive phytoconstituent of Nigella sativa essential oil, has been reported to have high antimicrobial potential. Thus, the current study evaluated TQ’s antimicrobial potential against a range of selected human pathogens using in vitro assays, including time-kill kinetics and anti-biofilm activity. In silico molecular docking of TQ against several antimicrobial target proteins and a detailed intermolecular interaction analysis was performed, including binding energies and docking feasibility. Of the tested bacteria and fungi, S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 were the most susceptible to TQ, with 50.3 ± 0.3 mm and 21.1 ± 0.1 mm zones of inhibition, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of TQ are in the range of 12.5–50 µg/mL, while minimum biocidal concentration (MBC) values are in the range of 25–100 µg/mL against the tested organisms. Time-kill kinetics of TQ revealed that the killing time for the tested bacteria is in the range of 1–6 h with the MBC of TQ. Anti-biofilm activity results demonstrate that the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) values of TQ are in the range of 25–50 µg/mL, while the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) values are in the range of 25–100 µg/mL, for the tested bacteria. In silico molecular docking studies revealed four preferred antibacterial and antifungal target proteins for TQ: D-alanyl-D-alanine synthetase (Ddl) from Thermus thermophilus, transcriptional regulator qacR from Staphylococcus aureus, N-myristoyltransferase from Candida albicans, and NADPH-dependent D-xylose reductase from Candida tenuis. In contrast, the nitroreductase family protein from Bacillus cereus and spore coat polysaccharide biosynthesis protein from Bacillus subtilis and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase from Aspergillus fumigatus are the least preferred antibacterial and antifungal target proteins for TQ, respectively. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that TQ could bind to all four target proteins, with Ddl and NADPH-dependent D-xylose reductase being the most efficient. Our findings corroborate TQ’s high antimicrobial potential, suggesting it may be a promising drug candidate for multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens, notably Gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (K.A.Q.); (M.Q.F.)
| | - Mahrukh Imtiaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45600, Pakistan;
| | - Adil Parvez
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Pankaj K. Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biosciences, Invertis University, Bareilly 243123, India;
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Avinash D. Bholay
- Department of Microbiology, KTHM College, Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Nashik 422002, India;
| | - Muhammad Qaiser Fatmi
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45600, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (K.A.Q.); (M.Q.F.)
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Hypochlorous Acid Can Be the Novel Option for the Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Dry Eye through Ultrasonic Atomization. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:8631038. [PMID: 35035613 PMCID: PMC8754612 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8631038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Dry eye is a multifactor disease which needs comprehensive treatments to keep the homeostasis of ocular surface. Objective To explore the effect of hypochlorous acid on the meibomian gland dysfunction dry eye through ultrasonic atomization. Methods We set this study of 0.01% HOCL and 0.1% hyaluronate by ultrasonic atomization. All the data was recorded at the 1st, 15th, 30th, and 55th days. The patients' complains, the meibum analysis, conjunctive congestion, corneal staining, Schirmer's I test, and NIBUT were recorded by K5M, the MMP-9, and IL-2 of tear by inflammation kit; the Demodex was recorded by microscopy. Results 53 patients have joined this study. There is no statistic difference between them on OSDI (day 15: p = 0.061, 30: p = 0.055, 55: p = 0.052); results show the 10.57 ± 0.13 and 12.54 ± 0.17 reduction on OSDI; the differences of both treatments are significant (∗∗p < 0.01). Increased Schirmer's and TBUT are 3.27 ± 0.10 and 6.29 ± 0.10 (∗∗p < 0.01) or 7.32 ± 1.72 s and 9.22 ± 1.41 s (∗p < 0.05); the decreased conjunctive and corneal staining are 0.23 ± 0.07 and 0.45 ± 0.06 (∗∗p < 0.01) or 0.42 ± 0.03 and 0.37 ± 0.02 (∗p < 0.05) at both groups. The differences of MMP-9 and IL-2 negative rate are significant (Z = 0.896, ∗∗p = 0.002 < 0.01; Z = 0.659, ∗∗p = 0.001 < 0.01); the number of Demodex mites at first is 10 or 11, while the last is 2 or 6 (Z = −4.642, ∗∗p < 0.01; Z = 2.742, p > 0.05). The Demodex count between them is significant (Z = −2.310, ∗p = 0.032 < 0.05). The survival times (ST) of each stage at the HOCL are 110.75 (108.50 ± 24.50), 95.50 (90.25 ± 14.50), and 75.25 (73.48 ± 8.50) min which are shorter than those of control which are 155.50 (160.10 ± 21.50), 130.25 (128.25 ± 16.50), and 105.75 (102.50 ± 14.50) min (∗∗p < 0.01). The Demodex eradication rate of HOCL is statistic significant (∗p15th vs. 1stday = 0.028 < 0.05; ∗∗p30th vs. 1stday = 0.002 < 0.01; ∗∗p55th vs. 1stday = 0.0018 < 0.01). Conclusions 0.01% HOCL improves the Demodex eradication by shortening the survival time; the HOCL acts on the ocular surface by reducing the inflammation. The ultrasonic atomization helps for the drug usage.
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Deka B, Suri M, Sarma S, Devi MV, Bora A, Sen T, Dihingia A, Pahari P, Singh AK. Potentiating the intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus by dihydroquinazoline analogues as NorA efflux pump inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 54:116580. [PMID: 34953341 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an emerging human pathogen that has become difficult to treat due to its high resistance against wide range of drugs. Emergence of drug resistant isolates has further convoluted the treatment process. Among different resistance mechanisms, efflux pump proteins play a central role and has made itself a direct approach for therapeutic exploration. To demarcate the role of dihydroquinazoline analogues as NorA efflux pump inhibitor in S. aureus1199B (NorA over producing) strain total seventeen analogues were synthesized and tested for their modulatory effects on norfloxacin and Etbr resistance. Further accumulation assays, bacterial time kill kinetics, cytotoxicity assay were also carried out. The intracellular killing ability of analogues, as EPI was determined using THP-1 monocytes. The binding interaction of analogues with NorA was also predicted. Dihydroquinazoline analogues notably reduced the MIC of norfloxacin and Etbr in S. aureus1199B. In addition to their very low toxicity, they showed high Etbr and norfloxacin accumulation respectively. Further effective over time log reduction in bacterial kill kinetics in presence of these analogues confirmed their role as NorA efflux pump inhibitor. FESEM analysis clearly depicted their effect on the cell surface morphology owing to its lyses. The most significant finding of this study was the ability of analogues to significantly reduce the intracellular S. aureus1199B in human THP-1 monocytes in presence of norfloxacin. Our study has shown for the first time the possibility of developing the dihydroquinazoline analogues as NorA efflux pump inhibitors for S. aureus and control its infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banani Deka
- Biotechnology Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mrinaly Suri
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Sangita Sarma
- Biotechnology Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Moirangthem Veigyabati Devi
- Biotechnology Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anamika Bora
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Tejosmita Sen
- Biotechnology Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anjum Dihingia
- Biotechnology Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pallab Pahari
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India.
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- Biotechnology Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Faraag AHI, Shafaa MW, Elkholy NS, Abdel-Hafez LJM. Stress impact of liposomes loaded with ciprofloxacin on the expression level of MepA and NorB efflux pumps of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Int Microbiol 2021; 25:427-446. [PMID: 34822035 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-021-00219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
One mechanism of ciprofloxacin resistance is attributed to chromosomal DNA-encoded efflux pumps such as the MepA and NorB proteins. The goal of this research is to find a way to bypass Staphylococcus aureus' efflux pumps. Because of its high membrane permeability and low association with NorB and MepA efflux proteins, a liposome-encapsulating antibiotic is one of the promising, cost-effective drug carriers and coating mechanisms for overcoming active transport of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) multidrug-resistant efflux protein . The calculated "Log Perm RRCK" membrane permeability values of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) ciprofloxacin liposome-encapsulated (CFL) showed a lower negative value of - 4,652 cm/s and greater membrane permeability than ciprofloxacin free (CPF). The results of RT-qPCR showed that cationic liposomes containing ciprofloxacin in liposome-encapsulated form (CFL) improved CPF antibacterial activity and affinity for negatively charged bacterial cell surface membrane in comparison to free drug and liposome, as it overcame several resistance mechanisms and reduced the expression of efflux pumps. Ciprofloxacin liposome-encapsulated (CFL) is therefore more effective than ciprofloxacin alone. Liposomes can be combined with a variety of drugs that interact with bacterial cell efflux pumps to maintain high sustained levels of antibiotics in bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Medhat W Shafaa
- Medical Biophysics Division, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nourhan S Elkholy
- Medical Biophysics Division, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lina Jamil M Abdel-Hafez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6 October City, Giza, Egypt
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Validating Anti-Infective Activity of Pleurotus Opuntiae via Standardization of Its Bioactive Mycoconstituents through Multimodal Biochemical Approach. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms produce a variety of bioactive compounds that are known to have anti-pathogenic properties with safer and effective therapeutic effects in human disease prognosis. The antibacterial activity of ethanol and methanol extracts of Pleurotus opuntiae were checked against pathogenic microorganisms viz. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus mirabilis NCIM 2300, Proteus vulgaris NCIM 5266, Serratia marcescens NCIM 2078, Shigella flexeneri NCIM 5265, Moraxella sp. NCIM 2795, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 by agar well diffusion method at different concentrations of the extracts. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the extracts was determined by INT (Iodonitrotetrazolium chloride) colorimetric assay. Extracts were standardized by thin layer chromatography (TLC) in different solvent systems. The Retention factors (Rf) of different compounds were calculated by high performance TLC (HPTLC) fingerprinting at UV 254, 366, and 540 nm before and after derivatization. The ethanol and methanol extracts of P. opuntiae showed bactericidal activity against all the test pathogens at MIC values of 15.6 to 52.08 mg/mL and 20.81 to 52.08 mg/mL respectively. Whereas the MBC values for ethanol and methanol extract of P. opuntiae against all pathogens were recorded as 26.03 to 62.5 mg/mL and 125 mg/mL respectively. Preliminary mycochemical screening of both the extracts revealed high contents of bioactive compounds. Amongst all the solvent systems used in TLC, the best result was given by chloroform + hexane (8:2) which eluted out 5 different compounds (spots). HPTLC results revealed spots with different Rf values for all the 24 compounds present. Thus, it can be inferred from the present investigation that the mycoconstituents could be an alternative medication regimen and could play a role in new drug discoveries against different infections. Further, the antimicrobial components of these mushrooms can be transformed to bioengineered antimicrobial coatings for surfaces, drug and other hybrid systems for public health implications in combating persistent infections.
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Sharaf MH, El-Sherbiny GM, Moghannem SA, Abdelmonem M, Elsehemy IA, Metwaly AM, Kalaba MH. New combination approaches to combat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Sci Rep 2021; 11:4240. [PMID: 33608582 PMCID: PMC7896049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82550-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The herbal products proved to be more promising antimicrobials even though their antimicrobial activity is milder than commercially available antibiotics. Moreover, herbal drugs may act synergistically with antibiotics to kill microbes. In this study, we aimed to enhance the activity of penicillin against MRSA through combination with the active saponin fraction isolated from the Zygophyllum album plant. Three different types of metabolites (saponins, sterols, and phenolics) have been extracted from Zygophyllum album with ethanol and purified using different chromatographic techniques. The antibacterial activity of crude extract and the separated metabolites were checked against MRSA isolates, Saponin fraction (ZA-S) was only the active one followed by the crude extract. Therefore, the compounds in this fraction were identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography connected to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTOF-MS) operated in positive and negative ionization modes. UHPLC/QTOF-MS revealed the presence of major six ursane-type tritepenoidal saponins (Quinovic acid, Quinovic acid 3β-O-β-D-quinovopyranoside, Zygophylloside C, Zygophylloside G, Zygophylloside K and Ursolic acid), in addition to Oleanolic acid. Interaction studies between saponin fraction and penicillin against MRSA were performed through the checkerboard method and time-kill assay. According to checkerboard results, only three combinations showed a fractional inhibitory concentration index less than 0.5 at concentrations of (62.5 + 312.5, 62.5 + 156.25, and 62.5 + 78.125 of penicillin and ZA-S, respectively). Time kill assay results showed that the highest reduction in log10 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml of initial inoculum of MRSA after 24 h occurred by 3.7 at concentrations of 62.5 + 312.5 (µg/µg)/ml of penicillin and ZA-S, respectively. Thus, the combination between saponin fraction of Zygophyllum album and penicillin with these concentrations could be a potential agent against MRSA that can serve as possible model for new antibacterial drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Sharaf
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Gamal M El-Sherbiny
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
| | - Saad A Moghannem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | | | - Islam A Elsehemy
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Kalaba
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
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Khumpirapang N, Klayraung S, Tima S, Okonogi S. Development of Microemulsion Containing Alpinia galanga Oil and Its Major Compounds: Enhancement of Antimicrobial Activities. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020265. [PMID: 33672041 PMCID: PMC7919477 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop a microemulsion (ME) containing Alpinia galanga oil (AGO), 1,8-cineole (C), or methyl eugenol (M) as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for enhancing their antimicrobial activities. Agar diffusion, broth microdilution, and killing kinetics were used for antimicrobial evaluations. The ME composed of 30% API, 33.4% Tween 80, 16.6% ethanol, and 20% water appeared as translucent systems with droplet size and polydispersity index of 101.1 ± 1.3 nm and 0.3 ± 0.1, 80.9 ± 1.1 nm and 0.4 ± 0.1, and 96.6 ± 2.0 nm and 0.2 ± 0.1 for ME-AGO, ME-C, and ME-M, respectively. These ME formulations showed minimum bacterial concentrations of 3.91–31.25 µg/mL and 50% fungal inhibition concentrations of 1.83 ± 0.27–0.46 ± 0.13 µg/mL, 2–4 times stronger, and faster kinetic killing rate than their respective API alone. Keeping the ME formulations at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C for 12 weeks did not affect their activities against fungi and Gram-negative bacteria, but the high temperature of 40 °C decreased their activities against Gram-positive bacteria. It is concluded that ME is a promising delivery system for AGO and its major compounds to enhance their water miscibility and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattakanwadee Khumpirapang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Srikanjana Klayraung
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand;
| | - Singkome Tima
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Okonogi
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-5394-4311
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Kostić M, Ivanov M, Babić SS, Petrović J, Soković M, Ćirić A. An Up-to-Date Review on Bio-Resource Therapeutics Effective against Bacterial Species Frequently Associated with Chronic Sinusitis and Tonsillitis. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:6892-6909. [PMID: 32368971 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200505093143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Upper respiratory tract infections include inflammations of the nose, sinuses (sinusitis), pharynx (tonsillitis, pharyngitis) and larynx (laryngitis) with bacteria or viruses as the main cause of these conditions. Due to their repetitive nature, chronic respiratory infections represent a global problem which is often a result of improper treatment. If not treated adequately, these conditions may have serious consequences. On the other hand, mis - and overuse of antibiotics has reduced their efficiency and accelerated the development of resistant bacterial strains, which further complicates the treatment of infections. This literature review will focus on current knowledge regarding medicinal plants and mushrooms which have been traditionally used in the treatment of infections caused by chronic sinusitis and tonsillitis commonly linked to bacteria - Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. The present literature overview might be considered as a starting point for the development of novel, natural antimicrobial products with potential practical use in the treatment of chronic tonsillitis and sinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kostić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ivanov
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Jovana Petrović
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Soković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Ćirić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Yang KM, Kim JS, Kim HS, Kim YY, Oh JK, Jung HW, Park DS, Bae KH. Lactobacillus reuteri AN417 cell-free culture supernatant as a novel antibacterial agent targeting oral pathogenic bacteria. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1631. [PMID: 33452304 PMCID: PMC7810884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80921-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus reuteri AN417 is a newly characterized probiotic strain. The activity of AN417 against oral pathogenic bacteria is unknown. We investigated the antibacterial activity of cell-free L. reuteri AN417 culture supernatant (LRS) against three oral pathogens: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus mutans. P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum have been implicated in periodontal disease, whereas S. mutans causes dental caries. Exposing these oral pathogenic bacteria to LRS significantly reduced their growth rates, intracellular ATP levels, cell viability, and time-to-kill. The minimal inhibitory volume of LRS was 10% (v/v) against P. gingivalis, 20% (v/v) for F. nucleatum, and 30% (v/v) for S. mutans. LRS significantly reduced the integrity of biofilms and significantly suppressed the expression of various genes involved in P. gingivalis biofilm formation. The L. reuteri AN417 genome lacked genes encoding reuterin, reuteran, and reutericyclin, which are major antibacterial compounds produced in L. reuteri strains. LRS treated with lipase and α-amylase displayed decreased antibacterial activity against oral pathogens. These data suggest that the antibacterial substances in LRS are carbohydrates and/or fatty acid metabolites. Our results demonstrate that LRS has antimicrobial activity against dental pathogenic bacteria, highlighting its potential utility for the prevention and treatment of P. gingivalis periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Mi Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Dental Hospital, 1450, Jungang-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10387, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Kim
- Biological Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeong-up, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sung Kim
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Dental Hospital, 1450, Jungang-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10387, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Youn Kim
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Dental Hospital, 1450, Jungang-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10387, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Kyu Oh
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Dental Hospital, 1450, Jungang-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10387, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Won Jung
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Dental Hospital, 1450, Jungang-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10387, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Sang Park
- Biological Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeong-up, 56212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hak Bae
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Apple Tree Dental Hospital, 1450, Jungang-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10387, Republic of Korea.
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Abrha S, Tesfaye W, Thomas J. Intolerable Burden of Impetigo in Endemic Settings: A Review of the Current State of Play and Future Directions for Alternative Treatments. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E909. [PMID: 33333955 PMCID: PMC7765423 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9120909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Impetigo (school sores) is a common superficial bacterial skin infection affecting around 162 million children worldwide, with the highest burden in Australian Aboriginal children. While impetigo itself is treatable, if left untreated, it can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as chronic heart and kidney diseases. Topical antibiotics are often considered the treatment of choice for impetigo, but the clinical efficacy of these treatments is declining at an alarming rate due to the rapid emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. In remote settings in Australia, topical antibiotics are no longer used for impetigo due to the troubling rise of antimicrobial resistance, demanding the use of oral and injectable antibiotic therapies. However, widespread use of these agents not only contributes to existing resistance, but also associated with adverse consequences for individuals and communities. These underscore the urgent need to reinvigorate the antibiotic discovery and alternative impetigo therapies in these settings. This review discusses the current impetigo treatment challenges in endemic settings in Australia and explores potential alternative antimicrobial therapies. The goals are to promote intensified research programs to facilitate effective use of currently available treatments, as well as developing new alternatives for impetigo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Abrha
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia; (S.A.); (W.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle 7000, Ethiopia
| | - Wubshet Tesfaye
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia; (S.A.); (W.T.)
| | - Jackson Thomas
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia; (S.A.); (W.T.)
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Dash SS, Samanta S, Dey S, Giri B, Dash SK. Rapid Green Synthesis of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Using Cinnamomum tamala Leaf Extract and its Potential Antimicrobial Application Against Clinically Isolated Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Strains. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:681-696. [PMID: 32180127 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02107-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamomum tamala is Indian bay leaves also known as Tej patta commonly used in the preparation of delicious food for its sweet aroma and tremendous medicinal values. In this study, the significant concentration-dependent free radical scavenging and antioxidant efficacy of the aqueous extracts of bay leaves has been determined using DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ferric ion-reducing power assay, and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay. The leaf extract has also been utilized in the rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) under mild conditions (30 min reaction time at 70 °C) without the addition of extra stabilizing or capping agents. Mostly spherical shaped particles were formed with diameter ranging from 10 to 12 nm as evident by HRTEM imaging. The silver nanoparticles were also characterized using FTIR, XRD, and UV-visible spectroscopic techniques. The antibacterial effect of the synthesized AgNPs was studied against three clinically isolated multidrug-resistant bacterial strains (Escherichia coli (EC-1), Klebsiella pneumonia (KP-1), and Staphylococcus aureus (SA-1)). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of AgNPs against EC-1 were 12.5 and 15 μg/mL and in SA-1 were 10 and 50 μg/mL, and in the case of KP-1, both values were 12.5 μg/mL. It was also noted that 8 h treatment duration using AgNPs was sufficient to eliminate all types of bacterial growth as evidenced by time-dependent killing kinetic assays. The biocompatibilities of AgNPs were also tested against human health RBCs, and it was observed that it did not show any significant toxicity up to 50 μg/mL concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shib Shankar Dash
- Department of Chemistry, Government General Degree College, Salboni , Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, 721516, India.
| | - Sovan Samanta
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, 732103, India
| | - Sananda Dey
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, 732103, India
| | - Biplab Giri
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, 732103, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Dash
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, 732103, India
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A comparative study of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory efficiency of modified solvent evaporated and vacuum oven dried bioactive components of Pleurotus floridanus. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 58:3328-3337. [PMID: 34366450 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04891-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we compared vacuum microwave oven drying Vacuum Oven Drying (VOD) and modified solvent evaporation (MSE) assisted methanolic mushroom extracts for their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory efficacy. MSE extract showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher total phenolic content (64.4 mg/g) followed by flavonoid content (20.62 mg/g), ascorbic acid (17.54 mg/g), β-carotene content (12.52 mg/g), and lycopene (9.57 mg/g) content than that of VOD extract. MSE showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher zone of inhibition against all selected microorganisms as compared to VOD extract. During the time-kill study, the MSE extract inhibited significantly (p < 0.05) higher growth of Staphylococcus aureus followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli than that of VOD extract. Also, MSE extract showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher anti-inflammatory activity in comparison with VOD extract during the Human Red Blood Cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization test and albumin denaturation test. MSE extract revealed significantly (p < 0.05) higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and N2O2 scavenging assay than that of VOD extract, however, statistically, MSE extract showed comparable results with Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT). During the characterization of the selected extract, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the functional groups of the flavonoid content, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, and lycopene. Quantitative analysis of gallic acid (54.32 mg/g) and rutin content (14.80 mg/g) was revealed using a high-pressure liquid chromatogram.
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Salehi M, Zamiri S, Samadian H, Ai J, Foroutani L, Ai A, Khanmohammadi M. Chitosan hydrogel loaded with
Aloe vera
gel and tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (
EDTA
) as the wound healing material: in vitro and in vivo study. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Salehi
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center Shahroud University of Medical Sciences Shahroud Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine Shahroud University of Medical Sciences Shahroud Iran
| | - Sina Zamiri
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science York University Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Laleh Foroutani
- School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Arman Ai
- School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Khanmohammadi
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) Tehran Iran
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Shivaprasad DP, Taneja NK, Lakra A, Sachdev D. In vitro and in situ abrogation of biofilm formation in E. coli by vitamin C through ROS generation, disruption of quorum sensing and exopolysaccharide production. Food Chem 2020; 341:128171. [PMID: 33035856 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Emergence of antimicrobial drug-resistance amongst food-borne pathogens has led to severe deficit of available therapeutics and requires novel interventions. This study determined the activity of vitamin C (VitC), a natural antioxidant as powerful antibacterial agent against multidrug-resistant (MDR), biofilm-forming E. coli. Our findings revealed that VitC wield antibacterial action in dose-time dependent manner with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 125 mM. At these concentrations VitC impaired quorum sensing (QS) and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and induced sugar and protein leakage from the bacterial cells by virtue of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, VitC-treated bacteria showed downregulation of genes underpinning biofilm signaling (luxS) and regulation (bssR) by up to 27-folds. Finally, this study demonstrated the promising antimicrobial application of VitC, in situ, in Indian soft cheese (paneer) when applied as a coating. Therefore, VitC can be applied as natural and safe 'antimicrobial' against biofilm-forming bacteria in food systems vis-à-vis other conventional antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Shivaprasad
- Department of Food Technology, Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, NIFTEM, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India
| | - Neetu Kumra Taneja
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, NIFTEM, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India.
| | - Anupama Lakra
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, NIFTEM, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India
| | - Divya Sachdev
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, NIFTEM, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India
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50
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New insight of red seaweed derived Callophycin A as an alternative strategy to treat drug resistance vaginal candidiasis. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104256. [PMID: 32942217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Marine natural products are recognised as one among the major contributors of several important biological functions. The arguments has made to utilization of natural products against different kinds of infectious diseases. In the present study, Callophycin A was successfully prepared and its anti-candidal activity was evaluated through in-vitro and in-vivo methods. The in-vitro results revealed that, Callophycin A significantly inhibits the azole resistant and sensitive C. albicans. Further, in-vivo animal experiments have shown the effective reduction in CFU of C. albicans from its beginning day of the treatment as compared to the disease control group. At the end of Callophycin A administration, there was a decrease in inflammatory response and immune molecules such as IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IL-22, TNF-α, macrophages, CD4 and CD8 cells were observed. Whereas the animals in the disease control group expressed all the parameters with the elevated level as compared to the control group. There are no hematological abnormalities such as neutropenia, lymphocytosis and eosinophilia was observed in any animal groups except the disease control group. Finally, the evidence based prediction of anti-candidal efficacious of Callophycin A was demonstrated.
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