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Silva RCMC, Travassos LH, Dutra FF. The dichotomic role of single cytokines: Fine-tuning immune responses. Cytokine 2024; 173:156408. [PMID: 37925788 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are known for their pleiotropic effects. They can be classified by their function as pro-inflammatory, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL) 1 and IL-12, or anti-inflammatory, like IL-10, IL-35 and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Though this type of classification is an important simplification for the understanding of the general cytokine's role, it can be misleading. Here, we discuss recent studies that show a dichotomic role of the so-called pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, highlighting that their function can be dependent on the microenvironment and their concentrations. Furthermore, we discuss how the back-and-forth interplay between cytokines and immunometabolism can influence the dichotomic role of inflammatory responses as an important target to complement cytokine-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo Holanda Travassos
- Laboratório de Receptores e Sinalização intracelular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabianno Ferreira Dutra
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Inflamação, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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2
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TLR4 and MD2 variation among horses with differential TNFα baseline concentrations and response to intravenous lipopolysaccharide infusion. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1486. [PMID: 36707633 PMCID: PMC9883502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27956-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacterial septicemia is mediated through binding of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mammalian toll-like receptor protein 4 (TLR4). TLR4 and its cognate protein, myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) form a heterodimeric complex after binding LPS. This complex induces a cascade of reactions that results in increased proinflammatory cytokine gene expression, including TNFα, which leads to activation of innate immunity. In horses, the immune response to LPS varies widely. To determine if this variation is due to differences in TLR4 or MD2, DNA from 15 healthy adult horses with different TNFα dynamics after experimental intravenous LPS infusion was sequenced across exons of TLR4 and MD2. Haplotypes were constructed for both genes using all identified variants. Four haplotypes were observed for each gene. No significant associations were found between either TNFα baseline concentrations or response to LPS and haplotype; however, there was a significant association (P value = 0.0460) between the baseline TNFα concentration and one MD2 missense variant. Three-dimensional structures of the equine TLR4-MD2-LPS complex were built according to haplotype combinations observed in the study horses, and the implications of missense variants on LPS binding were modeled. Although the sample size was small, there was no evidence that variation in TLR4 or MD2 explains the variability in TNFα response observed after LPS exposure in horses.
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Michels EHA, Butler JM, Reijnders TDY, Cremer OL, Scicluna BP, Uhel F, Peters-Sengers H, Schultz MJ, Knight JC, van Vught LA, van der Poll T, Bos LDJ, Glas GJ, Hoogendijk AJ, van Hooijdonk RTM, Horn J, Huson MA, Schouten LRA, Straat M, Wieske L, Wiewel MA, Witteveen E, Bonten MJM, Cremer OM, Ong DSY, Frencken JF, Klouwenberg PMCK, Koster‐Brouwer ME, van de Groep K, Verboom DM. Association between age and the host response in critically ill patients with sepsis. Crit Care 2022; 26:385. [PMID: 36514130 PMCID: PMC9747080 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-04266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of ageing with increased sepsis mortality is well established. Nonetheless, current investigations on the influence of age on host response aberrations are largely limited to plasma cytokine levels while neglecting other pathophysiological sepsis domains like endothelial cell activation and function, and coagulation activation. The primary objective of this study was to gain insight into the association of ageing with aberrations in key host response pathways and blood transcriptomes in sepsis. METHODS We analysed the clinical outcome (n = 1952), 16 plasma biomarkers providing insight in deregulation of specific pathophysiological domains (n = 899), and blood leukocyte transcriptomes (n = 488) of sepsis patients stratified according to age decades. Blood transcriptome results were validated in an independent sepsis cohort and compared with healthy individuals. RESULTS Older age was associated with increased mortality independent of comorbidities and disease severity. Ageing was associated with lower endothelial cell activation and dysfunction, and similar inflammation and coagulation activation, despite higher disease severity scores. Blood leukocytes of patients ≥ 70 years, compared to patients < 50 years, showed decreased expression of genes involved in cytokine signaling, and innate and adaptive immunity, and increased expression of genes involved in hemostasis and endothelial cell activation. The diminished expression of gene pathways related to innate immunity and cytokine signaling in subjects ≥ 70 years was sepsis-induced, as healthy subjects ≥ 70 years showed enhanced expression of these pathways compared to healthy individuals < 50 years. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel evidence that older age is associated with relatively mitigated sepsis-induced endothelial cell activation and dysfunction, and a blood leukocyte transcriptome signature indicating impaired innate immune and cytokine signaling. These data suggest that age should be considered in patient selection in future sepsis trials targeting the immune system and/or the endothelial cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik H. A. Michels
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joe M. Butler
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom D. Y. Reijnders
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf L. Cremer
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Brendon P. Scicluna
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.4462.40000 0001 2176 9482Department of Applied Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mater Dei Hospital, University of Malta, Msida, Malta ,grid.4462.40000 0001 2176 9482Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Fabrice Uhel
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hessel Peters-Sengers
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus J. Schultz
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Julian C. Knight
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lonneke A. van Vught
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.7177.60000000084992262Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.7177.60000000084992262Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Li C, Liu S, Lu X, Tao F. TNFα Enhances Calcium Influx by Interacting with AMPA Receptors in the Spinal Dorsal Horn Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 60:18-25. [PMID: 36209268 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a proinflammatory cytokine and has been implicated in pain regulation. Neuronal activity in the spinal dorsal horn contributes to nociceptive transmission. However, it is not fully understood how TNFα affects the activity of spinal dorsal horn neurons. In the present study, we used calcium imaging to characterize the mechanism by which TNFα regulates calcium influx in the cultured spinal dorsal horn neurons. We observed that TNFα incubation caused an increase in fluorescent intensity of Fura-2, a specific intracellular calcium indicator, in the cultured spinal dorsal horn neurons, and such effect was significantly inhibited by co-incubation with R7050, a selective TNFα receptor antagonist, which suggests that TNFα can enhance calcium influx and increase neuronal activity via activating TNFα receptors in the spinal dorsal horn. Using double immunofluorescence staining, we showed that TNFα receptors were co-expressed with a-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) receptor subunit GluA1 in the spinal dorsal horn neurons. We further observed that treatment with 1-naphthyl acetyl spermine (NASPM), a specific calcium-permeable AMPA receptor blocker, completely blocked the effect of TNFα incubation on calcium influx in the cultured neurons. Moreover, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced calcium influx was inhibited by co-incubation with R7050. Together, our results suggest that TNFα in the spinal dorsal horn can increase calcium-indicated neuronal activity through the interaction between its receptor and calcium-permeable AMPA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Sufang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xihua Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA.
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5
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Huber R, Diekmann M, Hoffmeister L, Kühl F, Welz B, Brand K. MARCKS Is an Essential Regulator of Reactive Oxygen Species Production in the Monocytic Cell Type. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081600. [PMID: 36009319 PMCID: PMC9404745 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is a ubiquitous protein mediating versatile effects in a variety of cell types, including actin crosslinking, signal transduction, and intracellular transport processes. MARCKS’s functional role in monocyte/macrophages, however, has not yet been adequately addressed. Thus, the aim of this study was to further elucidate the impact of MARCKS on central cellular functions of monocytic cells. To address this topic, we generated monocytic THP-1 (Tohoku Hospital Pediatrics-1)-derived MARCKS wildtype and knockout (KO) cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. Remarkably, in the absence of MARCKS, both total and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were strongly suppressed but restored following transient MARCKS re-transfection. In contrast, proliferation, differentiation, cytokine expression, and phagocytosis remained unaltered. A complete inhibition of ROS production could also be achieved in THP-1-derived PKCβ KO cells or in PKC inhibitor Staurosporine-treated primary human monocytes. MARCKS deficiency also involved reduced basal Akt phosphorylation and delayed re-phosphorylation. Further analyses indicated that long-term TNF pre-incubation strongly enhances monocytic ROS production, which was completely blocked in MARCKS and PKCβ KO cells. Collectively, our study demonstrates that MARCKS is an essential molecule enabling ROS production by monocytic cells and suggests that MARCKS is part of a signal cascade involved in ROS formation.
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Avolio F, Martinotti S, Khavinson VK, Esposito JE, Giambuzzi G, Marino A, Mironova E, Pulcini R, Robuffo I, Bologna G, Simeone P, Lanuti P, Guarnieri S, Trofimova S, Procopio AD, Toniato E. Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macrophage THP-1 Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073607. [PMID: 35408963 PMCID: PMC8999041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of five different peptides, the Epitalon® tetrapeptide, the Vilon® dipeptide, the Thymogen® dipeptide, the Thymalin® peptide complex, and the Chonluten® tripeptide, as regulators of inflammatory and proliferative processes in the human monocytic THP-1, which is a human leukemia monocytic cell line capable of differentiating into macrophages by PMA in vitro. These peptides (Khavinson Peptides®), characterized by Prof. Khavinson from 1973 onwards, were initially isolated from animal tissues and found to be organ specific. We tested the capacity of the five peptides to influence cell cultures in vitro by incubating THP-1 cells with peptides at certain concentrations known for being effective on recipient cells in culture. We found that all five peptides can modulate key proliferative patterns, increasing tyrosine phosphorylation of mitogen-activated cytoplasmic kinases. In addition, the Chonluten tripeptide, derived from bronchial epithelial cells, inhibited in vitro tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production of monocytes exposed to pro-inflammatory bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The low TNF release by monocytes is linked to a documented mechanism of TNF tolerance, promoting attenuation of inflammatory action. Therefore, all peptides inhibited the expression of TNF and pro-inflammatory IL-6 cytokine stimulated by LPS on terminally differentiated THP-1 cells. Lastly, by incubating the THP1 cells, treated with the peptides, on a layer of activated endothelial cells (HUVECs activated by LPS), we observed a reduction in cell adhesion, a typical pro-inflammatory mechanism. Overall, the results suggest that the Khavinson Peptides® cooperate as natural inducers of TNF tolerance in monocyte, and act on macrophages as anti-inflammatory molecules during inflammatory and microbial-mediated activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Avolio
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (S.M.); (J.E.E.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Stefano Martinotti
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (S.M.); (J.E.E.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Vladimir Kh. Khavinson
- Department of Biogerontology, Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 197110 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (V.K.K.); (E.M.); (S.T.)
| | - Jessica Elisabetta Esposito
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (S.M.); (J.E.E.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Giulia Giambuzzi
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (S.M.); (J.E.E.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Antonio Marino
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (S.M.); (J.E.E.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Ekaterina Mironova
- Department of Biogerontology, Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 197110 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (V.K.K.); (E.M.); (S.T.)
| | - Riccardo Pulcini
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (S.M.); (J.E.E.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Iole Robuffo
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Section of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Bologna
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.B.); (P.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.B.); (P.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.B.); (P.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Svetlana Trofimova
- Department of Biogerontology, Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, 197110 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (V.K.K.); (E.M.); (S.T.)
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Politecnic University of Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
- INRCA-IRCCS, Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Toniato
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, Center of Advanced Studies and Technology University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.A.); (S.M.); (J.E.E.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (R.P.)
- Unicamillus—Saint Unicamillus of Health Science, 00131 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Zubair K, You C, Kwon G, Kang K. Two Faces of Macrophages: Training and Tolerance. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111596. [PMID: 34829825 PMCID: PMC8615871 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are present in almost all body tissues. They detect and quickly respond to “environmental signals” in the tissue. Macrophages have been associated with numerous beneficial roles, such as host defense, wound healing, and tissue regeneration; however, they have also been linked to the development of diverse illnesses, particularly cancers and autoimmune disorders. Complex signaling, epigenetic, and metabolic pathways drive macrophage training and tolerance. The induced intracellular program differs depending on the type of initial stimuli and the tissue microenvironment. Due to the essential roles of macrophages in homeostatic and their association with the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, recent studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms of macrophage training and tolerance. This review discusses the role of factors involved in macrophage training and tolerance, along with the current studies in human diseases.
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8
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Biochemical Analysis of Leukocytes after In Vitro and In Vivo Activation with Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens Using Raman Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910481. [PMID: 34638822 PMCID: PMC8508974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemical information from activated leukocytes provide valuable diagnostic information. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was applied as a label-free analytical technique to characterize the activation pattern of leukocyte subpopulations in an in vitro infection model. Neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes were isolated from healthy volunteers and stimulated with heat-inactivated clinical isolates of Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Binary classification models could identify the presence of infection for monocytes and lymphocytes, classify the type of infection as bacterial or fungal for neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes and distinguish the cause of infection as Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria in the monocyte subpopulation. Changes in single-cell Raman spectra, upon leukocyte stimulation, can be explained with biochemical changes due to the leukocyte’s specific reaction to each type of pathogen. Raman spectra of leukocytes from the in vitro infection model were compared with spectra from leukocytes of patients with infection (DRKS-ID: DRKS00006265) with the same pathogen groups, and a good agreement was revealed. Our study elucidates the potential of Raman spectroscopy-based single-cell analysis for the differentiation of circulating leukocyte subtypes and identification of the infection by probing the molecular phenotype of those cells.
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Lewis SA, Sureshchandra S, Doratt B, Jimenez VA, Stull C, Grant KA, Messaoudi I. Transcriptional, Epigenetic, and Functional Reprogramming of Monocytes From Non-Human Primates Following Chronic Alcohol Drinking. Front Immunol 2021; 12:724015. [PMID: 34489976 PMCID: PMC8417707 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.724015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic heavy drinking (CHD) of alcohol is a known risk factor for increased susceptibility to bacterial and viral infection as well as impaired wound healing. Evidence suggests that these defects are mediated by a dysregulated inflammatory response originating from myeloid cells, notably monocytes and macrophages, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Our ability to study CHD is impacted by the complexities of human drinking patterns and behavior as well as comorbidities and confounding risk factors for patients with alcohol use disorders. To overcome these challenges, we utilized a translational rhesus macaque model of voluntary ethanol self-administration that closely recapitulates human drinking patterns and chronicity. In this study, we examined the effects of CHD on blood monocytes in control and CHD female macaques after 12 months of daily ethanol consumption. While monocytes from CHD female macaques generated a hyper-inflammatory response to ex vivo LPS stimulation, their response to E. coli was dampened. In depth scRNA-Seq analysis of purified monocytes revealed significant shifts in classical monocyte subsets with accumulation of cells expressing markers of hypoxia (HIF1A) and inflammation (NFkB signaling pathway) in CHD macaques. The increased presence of monocyte subsets skewed towards inflammatory phenotypes was complemented by epigenetic analysis, which revealed higher accessibility of promoter regions that regulate genes involved in cytokine signaling pathways. Collectively, data presented in this manuscript demonstrate that CHD shifts classical monocyte subset composition and primes the monocytes towards a more hyper-inflammatory response to LPS, but compromised pathogen response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sloan A. Lewis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Suhas Sureshchandra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Brianna Doratt
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Vanessa A. Jimenez
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Cara Stull
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Kathleen A. Grant
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
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10
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Si Y, Li X, Guo T, Wei W, Zhang J, Jia A, Wang Y, Zhao A, Chang J, Feng S. Isolation and characterization of phellodendronoside A, a new isoquinoline alkaloid glycoside with anti-inflammatory activity from Phellodendron chinense Schneid. Fitoterapia 2021; 154:105021. [PMID: 34403776 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bark of Phellodendron chinense Schneid. (Rutaceae), called "Huang Bai" in China, is one of the 50 most used Chinese medicines in clinical practice. In this paper, a new isoquinoline alkaloid glycoside was isolated from P. chinense, and its structure was elucidated using spectroscopic method. The compound was eventually identified as (1S, 3"S)-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-1-[(4-hydroxybenzyl) methyl]-2-methyl-8-O-isoquinolinyl-[3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl]-β-D-glucopyranoside and named as Phellodendronoside A (PDA). The results of molecular docking showed that PDA could stably bind to an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), stress-activated protein kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) proteins that are closely related to inflammation. Further, the anti-inflammatory activity of PDA was evaluated using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW264.7 macrophage model. We observed that PDA can effectively reduce the levels of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and decrease the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Moreover, we found that PDA inhibits the activation of ERK, JNK and p38MAPK proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway. Collectively, the present study demonstrates that PDA has excellent anti-inflammatory effect in vitro by inhibiting the overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators, and its mechanism of action involves suppressing the activation of MAPK pathways, suggesting that PDA may be a potential agent for the treatment of inflammatory illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpo Si
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Wenjun Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - JuBao Zhang
- School of life science and engineering, Lanzhou university of technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - An Jia
- Medical School, Huanghe Science & Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Ya Wang
- School of life science and engineering, Lanzhou university of technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Aihong Zhao
- School of life science and engineering, Lanzhou university of technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jun Chang
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuying Feng
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Marsh LJ, Kemble S, Reis Nisa P, Singh R, Croft AP. Fibroblast pathology in inflammatory joint disease. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:163-183. [PMID: 34096076 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease in which fibroblasts contribute to both joint damage and inflammation. Fibroblasts are a major cell constituent of the lining of the joint cavity called the synovial membrane. Under resting conditions, fibroblasts have an important role in maintaining joint homeostasis, producing extracellular matrix and joint lubricants. In contrast, during joint inflammation, fibroblasts contribute to disease pathology by producing pathogenic levels of inflammatory mediators that drive the recruitment and retention of inflammatory cells within the joint. Recent advances in single-cell profiling techniques have transformed our ability to examine fibroblast biology, leading to the identification of specific fibroblast subsets, defining a previously underappreciated heterogeneity of disease-associated fibroblast populations. These studies are challenging the previously held dogma that fibroblasts are homogeneous and are providing unique insights into their role in inflammatory joint pathology. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of how fibroblast heterogeneity contributes to joint pathology in rheumatoid arthritis. Finally, we address how these insights could lead to the development of novel therapies that directly target selective populations of fibroblasts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy-Jayne Marsh
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel Kemble
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Patricia Reis Nisa
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ruchir Singh
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adam P Croft
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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12
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Welz B, Bikker R, Hoffmeister L, Diekmann M, Christmann M, Brand K, Huber R. Activation of GSK3 Prevents Termination of TNF-Induced Signaling. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1717-1730. [PMID: 33986607 PMCID: PMC8111165 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s300806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Termination of TNF-induced signaling plays a key role in the resolution of inflammation with dysregulations leading to severe pathophysiological conditions (sepsis, chronic inflammatory disease, cancer). Since a recent phospho-proteome analysis in human monocytes suggested GSK3 as a relevant kinase during signal termination, we aimed at further elucidating its role in this context. Materials and Methods For the analyses, THP-1 monocytic cells and primary human monocytes were used. Staurosporine (Stauro) was applied to activate GSK3 by inhibiting kinases that mediate inhibitory GSK3α/β-Ser21/9 phosphorylation (eg, PKC). For GSK3 inhibition, Kenpaulone (Ken) was used. GSK3- and PKC-siRNAs were applied for knockdown experiments. Protein expression and phosphorylation were assessed by Western blot or ELISA and mRNA expression by qPCR. NF-κB activation was addressed using reporter gene assays. Results Constitutive GSK3β and PKCβ expression and GSK3α/β-Ser21/9 and PKCα/βII-Thr638/641 phosphorylation were not altered during TNF long-term incubation. Stauro-induced GSK3 activation (demonstrated by Bcl3 reduction) prevented termination of TNF-induced signaling as reflected by strongly elevated IL-8 expression (used as an indicator) following TNF long-term incubation. A similar increase was observed in TNF short-term-exposed cells, and this effect was inhibited by Ken. PKCα/β-knockdown modestly increased, whereas GSK3α/β-knockdown inhibited TNF-induced IL-8 expression. TNF-dependent activation of two NF-κB-dependent indicator plasmids was enhanced by Stauro, demonstrating transcriptional effects. A TNF-induced increase in p65-Ser536 phosphorylation was further enhanced by Stauro, whereas IκBα proteolysis and IKKα/β-Ser176/180 phosphorylation were not affected. Moreover, PKCβ-knockdown reduced levels of Bcl3. A20 and IκBα mRNA, both coding for signaling inhibitors, were dramatically less affected under our conditions when compared to IL-8, suggesting differential transcriptional effects. Conclusion Our results suggest that GSK3 activation is involved in preventing the termination of TNF-induced signaling. Our data demonstrate that activation of GSK3 – either pathophysiologically or pharmacologically induced – may destroy the finely balanced condition necessary for the termination of inflammation-associated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Welz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Rolf Bikker
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Leonie Hoffmeister
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Mareike Diekmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Martin Christmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Korbinian Brand
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - René Huber
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
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13
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Melbourne JK, Rosen C, Chase KA, Feiner B, Sharma RP. Monocyte Transcriptional Profiling Highlights a Shift in Immune Signatures Over the Course of Illness in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:649494. [PMID: 34054608 PMCID: PMC8160367 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.649494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With advanced understanding of the intricate interplay between the immune and central nervous systems in neurological and neuropsychiatric illness, there is renewed interest in the potential contribution of immune dysregulation to the development and progression of schizophrenia. To inform this line of inquiry requires a more nuanced understanding of specific immune changes throughout the course of illness. Here, we utilized a genome-wide sequencing approach to transcriptionally profile circulating monocytes in participants with chronic schizophrenia. These myeloid cells, isolated from whole blood samples, are highly plastic with potentially important disease-modifying functions. Differential gene expression and gene set enrichment analyses, focusing on established monocyte phenotypic signatures, including those related to proinflammatory ("M1-like") and protective or tissue remodeling ("M2-like") functions, were carried out. We demonstrate an overall enrichment of both "M1-like" (interferon-alpha, interferon-gamma, lipopolysaccharide acute) and "M2-like" (endotoxin tolerance, glucocorticoid acute) monocyte signatures in the participants with schizophrenia compared to non-psychiatric controls. There was no enrichment of the "M1-like" chronic stress signature or the "M2-like" interleukin-4 signature. Using the Molecular Signatures Database Hallmark gene sets list, the "interferon response" was most strongly enriched in schizophrenia compared to controls. Additionally, an exploratory subgroup analysis based on illness duration suggests a shift in monocyte phenotype with illness progression. Specifically, the "M1-like" interferon-gamma signature shows decreased enrichment accompanied by increased enrichment of opposing "M2-like" signatures in participants with a medium illness duration shifting to a strong enrichment of interferon response signatures only in participants with a long illness duration. These findings related to circulating immune cell phenotype have potentially important implications for understanding the role of immune dysregulation in schizophrenia and are a critical consideration for future study design and immune-targeting treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Melbourne
- Department of Psychiatry, The Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cherise Rosen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kayla A Chase
- Department of Psychiatry, The Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Benjamin Feiner
- Department of Psychiatry, The Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rajiv P Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, The Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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14
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Zhao W, Xiang Y, Zhang Z, Liu X, Jiang M, Jiang B, Song Y, Hu J. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 promotes TNFα-induced GM-CSF via up-regulation of ERK signaling in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106447. [PMID: 32248019 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) functions to drive nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) metastasis via recruitment and activation of macrophages. However, the source and the regulation of GM-CSF in tumor microenvironment of NPC are not fully understood. In this study, we found that TNFα induced GM-CSF production in NPC CNE1, CNE2, and 5-8F cells in time- and dose-dependent manners. GM-CSF production was tolerant, because the pre-treatment of NPC cells with TNFα down-regulated the GM-CSF production induced by TNFα re-treatment. TNFα activated glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), which is an enzyme to regulate glycogen synthesis, and also is a critical downstream element of the PI3K/Akt to regulate cell survival. GSK3 inhibitors up-regulated TNFα-induced GM-CSF, and reversed GM-CSF tolerance induced by TNFα pre-treatment, suggesting that GSK3 activation down-regulated GM-CSF production. GM-CSF down-regulation was not related to ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20. The over-expression of A20 did not regulate GM-CSF production induced by TNFα. However, GSK3 inhibitors up-regulated ERK activation, which contributed to the production of GM-CSF induced by TNFα, suggesting that GSK3 negatively regulated TNFα-induced GM-CSF via down-regulation of ERK signaling. Taking together, these results suggested that GSK3 pathway may be a target for the regulation of TNFα-induced GM-CSF in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China; Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yangen Xiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Zhang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Manli Jiang
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Binyuan Jiang
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yinghui Song
- Changsha Cancer Institute, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jinyue Hu
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China; Changsha Cancer Institute, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China.
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15
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GSK3: A Kinase Balancing Promotion and Resolution of Inflammation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040820. [PMID: 32231133 PMCID: PMC7226814 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
GSK3 has been implicated for years in the regulation of inflammation and addressed in a plethora of scientific reports using a variety of experimental (disease) models and approaches. However, the specific role of GSK3 in the inflammatory process is still not fully understood and controversially discussed. Following a detailed overview of structure, function, and various regulatory levels, this review focusses on the immunoregulatory functions of GSK3, including the current knowledge obtained from animal models. Its impact on pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine profiles, bacterial/viral infections, and the modulation of associated pro-inflammatory transcriptional and signaling pathways is discussed. Moreover, GSK3 contributes to the resolution of inflammation on multiple levels, e.g., via the regulation of pro-resolving mediators, the clearance of apoptotic immune cells, and tissue repair processes. The influence of GSK3 on the development of different forms of stimulation tolerance is also addressed. Collectively, the role of GSK3 as a kinase balancing the initiation/perpetuation and the amelioration/resolution of inflammation is highlighted.
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16
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Yin N, Xiong Y, Tao W, Chen J, Wang Z. Sinomenine alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophages. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:147-155. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1732407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Yin
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Xiong
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenting Tao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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17
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Ariel O, Gendron D, Dudemaine PL, Gévry N, Ibeagha-Awemu EM, Bissonnette N. Transcriptome Profiling of Bovine Macrophages Infected by Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis Depicts Foam Cell and Innate Immune Tolerance Phenotypes. Front Immunol 2020; 10:2874. [PMID: 31969876 PMCID: PMC6960179 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne's disease (JD), also known as paratuberculosis, in ruminants. The mechanisms of JD pathogenesis are not fully understood, but it is known that MAP subverts the host immune system by using macrophages as its primary reservoir. MAP infection in macrophages is often studied in healthy cows or experimentally infected calves, but reports on macrophages from naturally infected cows are lacking. In our study, primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from cows diagnosed as positive (+) or negative (–) for JD were challenged in vitro with live MAP. Analysis using next-generation RNA sequencing revealed that macrophages from JD(+) cows did not present a definite pattern of response to MAP infection. Interestingly, a considerable number of genes, up to 1436, were differentially expressed in JD(–) macrophages. The signatures of the infection time course of 1, 4, 8, and 24 h revealed differential expression of ARG2, COL1A1, CCL2, CSF3, IL1A, IL6, IL10, PTGS2, PTX3, SOCS3, TNF, and TNFAIP6 among other genes, with major effects on host signaling pathways. While several immune pathways were affected by MAP, other pathways related to hepatic fibrosis/hepatic stellate cell activation, lipid homeostasis, such as LXR/RXR (liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor) activation pathways, and autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis or atherosclerosis) also responded to the presence of live MAP. Comparison of the profiles of the unchallenged MDMs from JD(+) vs. JD(–) cows showed that 868 genes were differentially expressed, suggesting that these genes were already affected before monocytes differentiated into macrophages. The downregulated genes predominantly modified the general cell metabolism by downregulating amino acid synthesis and affecting cholesterol biosynthesis and other energy production pathways while introducing a pro-fibrotic pattern associated with foam cells. The upregulated genes indicated that lipid homeostasis was already supporting fat storage in uninfected JD(+) MDMs. For JD(+) MDMs, differential gene expression expounds long-term mechanisms established during disease progression of paratuberculosis. Therefore, MAP could further promote disease persistence by influencing long-term macrophage behavior by using both tolerance and fat-storage states. This report contributes to a better understanding of MAP's controls over the immune cell response and mechanisms of MAP survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Ariel
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Gendron
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Pier-Luc Dudemaine
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Gévry
- Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Eveline M Ibeagha-Awemu
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Bissonnette
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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18
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The NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor MLN4924 sensitizes a TNFR1 + subgroup of multiple myeloma cells for TNF-induced cell death. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:611. [PMID: 31406107 PMCID: PMC6690881 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) inhibitor MLN4924 inhibits cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes including the SKP1-cullin-F-box E3 ligase βTrCP. MLN4924 therefore inhibits also the βTrCP-dependent activation of the classical and the alternative NFĸB pathway. In this work, we found that a subgroup of multiple myeloma cell lines (e.g., RPMI-8226, MM.1S, KMS-12BM) and about half of the primary myeloma samples tested are sensitized to TNF-induced cell death by MLN4924. This correlated with MLN4924-mediated inhibition of TNF-induced activation of the classical NFκB pathway and reduced the efficacy of TNF-induced TNFR1 signaling complex formation. Interestingly, binding studies revealed a straightforward correlation between cell surface TNFR1 expression in multiple myeloma cell lines and their sensitivity for MLN4924/TNF-induced cell death. The cell surface expression levels of TNFR1 in the investigated MM cell lines largely correlated with TNFR1 mRNA expression. This suggests that the variable levels of cell surface expression of TNFR1 in myeloma cell lines are decisive for TNF/MLN4924 sensitivity. Indeed, introduction of TNFR1 into TNFR1-negative TNF/MLN4924-resistant KMS-11BM cells, was sufficient to sensitize this cell line for TNF/MLN4924-induced cell death. Thus, MLN4924 might be especially effective in myeloma patients with TNFR1+ myeloma cells and a TNFhigh tumor microenvironment.
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19
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Mathematical modeling of septic shock: an innovative tool for assessing therapeutic hypotheses. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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20
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Thompson KB, Krispinsky LT, Stark RJ. Late immune consequences of combat trauma: a review of trauma-related immune dysfunction and potential therapies. Mil Med Res 2019; 6:11. [PMID: 31014397 PMCID: PMC6480837 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-019-0202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With improvements in personnel and vehicular body armor, robust casualty evacuation capabilities, and damage control resuscitation strategies, more combat casualties are surviving to reach higher levels of care throughout the casualty evacuation system. As such, medical centers are becoming more accustomed to managing the deleterious late consequences of combat trauma related to the dysregulation of the immune system. In this review, we aim to highlight these late consequences and identify areas for future research and therapeutic strategies. Trauma leads to the dysregulation of both the innate and adaptive immune responses, which places the injured at risk for several late consequences, including delayed wound healing, late onset sepsis and infection, multi-organ dysfunction syndrome, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which are significant for their association with the increased morbidity and mortality of wounded personnel. The mechanisms by which these consequences develop are complex but include an imbalance of the immune system leading to robust inflammatory responses, triggered by the presence of damage-associated molecules and other immune-modifying agents following trauma. Treatment strategies to improve outcomes have been difficult to develop as the immunophenotype of injured personnel following trauma is variable, fluid and difficult to determine. As more information regarding the triggers that lead to immune dysfunction following trauma is elucidated, it may be possible to identify the immunophenotype of injured personnel and provide targeted treatments to reduce the late consequences of trauma, which are known to lead to significant morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly B Thompson
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Luke T Krispinsky
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA, 23708, USA
| | - Ryan J Stark
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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21
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Sequential conditioning-stimulation reveals distinct gene- and stimulus-specific effects of Type I and II IFN on human macrophage functions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5288. [PMID: 30918279 PMCID: PMC6437173 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40503-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages orchestrate immune responses by sensing and responding to pathogen-associated molecules. These responses are modulated by prior conditioning with cytokines such as interferons (IFNs). Type I and II IFN have opposing functions in many biological scenarios, yet macrophages directly stimulated with Type I or II IFN activate highly overlapping gene expression programs. We hypothesized that a sequential conditioning-stimulation approach would reveal with greater specificity the differential effects of Type I and II IFN on human macrophages. By first conditioning with IFN then stimulating with toll-like receptor ligands and cytokines, followed by genome-wide RNA-seq analysis, we identified 713 genes whose expression was unaffected by IFN alone but showed potentiated or diminished responses to a stimulus after conditioning. For example, responses to the cytokine TNF were restricted by Type II IFN conditioning but potentiated by Type I IFN conditioning. We observed that the effects of IFN were not uniformly pro- or anti-inflammatory, but highly gene-specific and stimulus-specific. By assessing expression levels of key signal transducers and characterizing chromatin accessibility by ATAC-seq, we identify the likely molecular mechanisms underlying Type I and Type II-specific effects, distinguishing between modulation of cytoplasmic signaling networks and the nuclear epigenome that synergistically regulate macrophage immune responses.
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22
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Welz B, Bikker R, Junemann J, Christmann M, Neumann K, Weber M, Hoffmeister L, Preuß K, Pich A, Huber R, Brand K. Proteome and Phosphoproteome Analysis in TNF Long Term-Exposed Primary Human Monocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1241. [PMID: 30871024 PMCID: PMC6429050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the inflammation-associated mechanisms modulating and terminating tumor necrosis factor (TNF-)induced signal transduction and the development of TNF tolerance, we analyzed both the proteome and the phosphoproteome in TNF long term-incubated (i.e., 48 h) primary human monocytes using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Our analyses revealed the presence of a defined set of proteins characterized by reproducible changes in expression and phosphorylation patterns in long term TNF-treated samples. In total, 148 proteins and 569 phosphopeptides were significantly regulated (103 proteins increased, 45 proteins decreased; 377 peptides with increased and 192 peptides with decreased phosphorylation). A variety of these proteins are associated with the non-canonical nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway (nuclear factor κB (NFKB) 2, v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog (REL) B, indolamin-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), kynureninase (KYNU)) or involved in the negative regulation of the canonical NF-κB system. Within the phosphopeptides, binding motifs for specific kinases were identified. Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3 proved to be a promising candidate, since it targets NF-κB inhibiting factors, such as CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) β. Our experiments demonstrate that both proteome and phosphoproteome analysis can be effectively applied to study protein/phosphorylation patterns of primary monocytes. These results provide new regulatory candidates and evidence for a complex network of specific but synergistically acting/cooperating mechanisms enabling the affected cells to resist sustained TNF exposure and resulting in the resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Welz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.W.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (K.N.); (M.W.); (L.H.); (K.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Rolf Bikker
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.W.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (K.N.); (M.W.); (L.H.); (K.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Johannes Junemann
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.J.); (A.P.)
- Core Unit Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Christmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.W.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (K.N.); (M.W.); (L.H.); (K.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Konstantin Neumann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.W.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (K.N.); (M.W.); (L.H.); (K.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Mareike Weber
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.W.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (K.N.); (M.W.); (L.H.); (K.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Leonie Hoffmeister
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.W.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (K.N.); (M.W.); (L.H.); (K.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Katharina Preuß
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.W.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (K.N.); (M.W.); (L.H.); (K.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Andreas Pich
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.J.); (A.P.)
- Core Unit Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - René Huber
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.W.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (K.N.); (M.W.); (L.H.); (K.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Korbinian Brand
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (B.W.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (K.N.); (M.W.); (L.H.); (K.P.); (R.H.)
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23
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The JAK-STAT1 transcriptional signature in peripheral immune cells reveals alterations related to illness duration and acuity in psychosis. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 77:37-45. [PMID: 30503835 PMCID: PMC8521437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.11.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple lines of inquiry demonstrate alterations to immune function in psychosis. Clinically, this is reflected by elevated proinflammatory cytokines in serum, indicating activation of circulating immune cells. Data from isolated cells in clinical populations support the presence of altered activity of pertinent intracellular signaling pathways. Here, we focus on the well-characterized IFN-γ mediated JAK-STAT1 signaling pathway, which is involved in multiple aspects of immunity, including activation of circulating immune cells to a proinflammatory phenotype. By measuring a transcriptional signature characteristic of activation of this pathway, we demonstrate that JAK-STAT1 signature gene expression is suppressed in participants with psychosis who are early in illness and in participants who are hospitalized with an acute exacerbation of psychosis. Furthermore, we find that this expression signature normalizes in participants who have a longer illness duration and chronic, but not acute, psychopathology. This relationship of JAK-STAT1 signature gene expression with clinical characteristics highlights the temporal and contextual complexity of alterations to immune activity in psychosis and provides important insight into the functional state of circulating immune cells. These findings are of particular interest given recent research illustrating the importance of peripherally derived immune cells and the effectors they secrete in mediating neurophysiological processes of relevance for psychiatric illness.
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Petes C, Mintsopoulos V, Finnen RL, Banfield BW, Gee K. The effects of CD14 and IL-27 on induction of endotoxin tolerance in human monocytes and macrophages. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:17631-17645. [PMID: 30242126 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon repeated exposure to endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), myeloid cells enter a refractory state called endotoxin tolerance as a homeostatic mechanism. In innate immune cells, LPS is recognized by co-receptors Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and CD-14 to initiate an inflammatory response for subsequent cytokine production. One such cytokine, interleukin (IL)-27, is produced by myeloid cells in response to bacterial infection. In monocytes, IL-27 has proinflammatory functions such as up-regulating TLR4 expression for enhanced LPS-mediated cytokine production; alternatively, IL-27 induces inhibitory functions in activated macrophages. This study investigated the effects of IL-27 on the induction of endotoxin tolerance in models of human monocytes compared with macrophages. Our data demonstrate that IL-27 inhibits endotoxin tolerance by up-regulating cell surface TLR4 expression and soluble CD14 production to mediate stability of the surface LPS-TLR4-CD14 complex in THP-1 cells. In contrast, elevated basal expression of membrane-bound CD14 in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-THP-1 cells, primary monocytes, and primary macrophages may promote CD14-mediated endocytosis and be responsible for the preservation of an endotoxin-tolerized state in the presence of IL-27. Overall, the efficacy of IL-27 in inhibiting endotoxin tolerance in human THP-1 monocytes and PMA-THP-1 macrophages is affected by membrane-bound and soluble CD14 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlene Petes
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Victoria Mintsopoulos
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Renée L Finnen
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Bruce W Banfield
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Katrina Gee
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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