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Ramadan MA, Mohammed RS, Safwat Saif Eldin A. Assessment of ventilatory functions and associated inflammatory markers among workers in slaughterhouses. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024:10.1007/s00420-024-02094-8. [PMID: 39150528 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02094-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Meat processing is among the most extensive industries globally. However, data on the effects of occupational exposure on the pulmonary health of slaughterhouse workers is limited. Ascertaining the impact of the slaughterhouse atmosphere on the breathing habits of laborers exposed to it and the inflammatory markers associated with it was the aim of the current investigation. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed on 82 non-smoker subjects of 41 male workers working in one of the major slaughterhouses in Cairo, Egypt, matched to 41 controls of administrative personnel. An elaborate questionnaire encompassing medical and occupational history was administered to each participant in the research. General and local systemic examinations and ventilatory function tests were carried out, and serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured. RESULTS Respiratory symptoms were more prevalent with a statistically significant decline in ventilatory function parameters (FVC%, FEV1%, FEV1/FVC, FEF 25%, FEF 50%, FEF 75%, and PEF%) among the exposed group compared to those of control. In addition, there was a significantly higher serum level of inflammatory markers (IL-6 and hsCRP) among the exposed group compared to the control group, with a negative correlation with ventilatory functions. Moreover, there was a positive association between levels of serum IL-6 and hsCRP and the age and duration of employment of workers. CONCLUSION There was a notable increase in the prevalence of respiratory disorders and inflammatory markers among slaughterhouse workers. Additionally, there was a substantial decrease in ventilatory function parameters, which could be attributed to the bioaerosols they encountered in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Abdallah Ramadan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Rateba Said Mohammed
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aisha Safwat Saif Eldin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nora Bint Abul Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Huang J, Gui Y, Wu J, Xie Y. Causal effects of socioeconomic traits on frailty: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1344217. [PMID: 39071086 PMCID: PMC11282504 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1344217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between socioeconomic status and frailty has been extensively investigated in the literature, but it remains unclear whether a causal relationship exists. Our goal is to evaluate the causal relationship between six socioeconomic traits and the frailty index using summary-level data for single nucleotide polymorphisms from large genome-wide association studies with individuals of European ancestry. Methods A two-sample MR was performed. We applied the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method for the primary estimate, with sensitivity analyses conducted using alternative MR methods to evaluate the robustness of the findings. A subsequent multivariable MR was undertaken to adjust for the effects of body mass index (BMI). Finally, the MR Steiger directionality test was performed to confirm the causal direction. Results The IVW MR analysis revealed significant associations between various socioeconomic factors and the frailty index. Specifically, genetically predicated age completed full time education (β = -0.477, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.634 to -0.319) and average total household income before tax (β = -0.321, 95% CI: -0.410 to -0.232) were negatively associated with the frailty index. On the other hand, genetically predicted job involves heavy manual or physical work (β = 0.298, 95% CI: 0.113 to 0.484), job involves mainly walking or standing (β = 0.179, 95% CI: 0.013 to 0.345), Townsend deprivation index at recruitment (β = 0.535, 95% CI: 0.285 to 0.785), and social isolation/loneliness (β = 1.344, 95% CI: 0.834 to 1.853) were positively associated with the frailty index. Sensitivity analysis using other MR methods and multivariable MR analysis adjusting for BMI yielded stable results. The MR Steiger directionality test confirmed the causal direction. Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of socioeconomic factors in affecting frailty risk. Future research should focus on unraveling the pathways through which these socioeconomic factors exert their effects on frailty, with the ultimate goal of developing targeted strategies to mitigate the risk of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Huang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ying Gui
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yubo Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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3
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Mohammad A, Laboulaye MA, Shenhar C, Dobberfuhl AD. Mechanisms of oxidative stress in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:433-449. [PMID: 38326514 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is characterized by bladder and/or pelvic pain, increased urinary urgency and frequency and nocturia. The pathophysiology of IC/BPS is poorly understood, and theories include chronic inflammation, autoimmune dysregulation, bacterial cystitis, urothelial dysfunction, deficiency of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) barrier and urine cytotoxicity. Multiple treatment options exist, including behavioural interventions, oral medications, intravesical instillations and procedures such as hydrodistension; however, many clinical trials fail, and patients experience an unsatisfactory treatment response, likely owing to IC/BPS phenotype heterogeneity and the use of non-targeted interventions. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of IC/BPS as reactive oxygen species impair bladder function via their involvement in multiple molecular mechanisms. Kinase signalling pathways, nociceptive receptors, mast-cell activation, urothelial dysregulation and circadian rhythm disturbance have all been linked to reactive oxygen species and IC/BPS. However, further research is necessary to fully uncover the role of oxidative stress in the pathways driving IC/BPS pathogenesis. The development of new models in which these pathways can be manipulated will aid this research and enable further investigation of promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashu Mohammad
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mallory A Laboulaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chen Shenhar
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Amy D Dobberfuhl
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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4
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Huang J. The causal effect of two occupational factors on osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1281214. [PMID: 38410128 PMCID: PMC10895025 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1281214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are two common types of arthritis. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to estimate the causal effects of two common occupational factors-job involves heavy manual or physical work and job involves mainly walking or standing-on OA and RA in individuals of European ancestry. Methods Instruments were chosen from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) that identified independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly linked to job involves heavy manual or physical work (N = 263,615) as well as job involves mainly walking or standing (N = 263,556). Summary statistics for OA and RA were taken from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) GWAS database; both discovery and replication GWAS datasets were considered. The primary analysis utilized the inverse variance weighted (IVW) MR method supplemented by various sensitivity MR analyses. Results In the IVW model, we found that genetically predicted job involves heavy manual or physical work was significantly associated with OA in both the discovery [odds ratio (OR) = 1.034, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.016-1.053, P = 2.257 × 10-4] and replication (OR = 1.857, 95% CI: 1.223-2.822, P = 0.004) analyses. The causal associations were supported in diverse sensitivity analyses. MR analyses suggested no causal effect of genetically predicted job involves heavy manual or physical work on RA. Similarly, our data provided no evidence that genetically predicted job involves mainly walking or standing was related to OA and RA. Conclusions Our MR study suggests that job involves heavy manual or physical work is a risk factor for OA. It is of utmost importance to create preventive strategies aimed at reducing its impact on OA at such work sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Huang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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5
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Wan Z, Li Y, Dong X, Kang Y, Luo J, Wang J, Yang P, Wang Y, Duan Y, Xie J, Cheng ASK. Influence of metabolic syndrome and lifestyle factors on thyroid nodules in Chinese adult men: a cross-sectional study. Eur Thyroid J 2023; 12:e230168. [PMID: 37728058 PMCID: PMC10692680 DOI: 10.1530/etj-23-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Given the high prevalence of thyroid nodules and the potential for malignancy, it is imperative to understand the various factors that contribute to their development. This study aimed to explore the relationship between metabolic syndrome, lifestyle, and thyroid nodules in adult men in southern China. Methods This study enrolled a total of 183,990 subjects at a medical examination center in a general hospital in southern China between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome, lifestyle factors, and thyroid nodules. Furthermore, structural equation modeling elucidated the intricate relationships among these variables. Results The prevalence of thyroid nodules among Chinese adult males was 14.9%. Several factors were identified as risk factors for thyroid nodules, including advanced age, irregular meal time, smoking or quitting smoking, quitting drinking, heavy manual labor, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and centripetal obesity, and those belonging to ethnic minorities and drinking alcohol were found to be protective factors against thyroid nodules. Structural equation modeling highlighted metabolic syndrome's mediating role amidst lifestyle influences on thyroid nodules. Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid nodules in Chinese adult males is relatively moderate to low. The factors identified in this study can help clinicians identify high-risk patients and develop targeted screening strategies for the timely detection of thyroid nodules. However, further mechanistic research and longitudinal studies are necessary to explore the underlying causes and establish causal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Wan
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Dong
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Kang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Luo
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yinglong Duan
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianfei Xie
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Andy S K Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Haindl MT, Üçal M, Wonisch W, Lang M, Nowakowska M, Adzemovic MZ, Khalil M, Enzinger C, Hochmeister S. Vitamin D-An Effective Antioxidant in an Animal Model of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3309. [PMID: 37571246 PMCID: PMC10421326 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) is the most discussed antioxidant supplement for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and many studies suggest correlations between a low VD serum level and onset and progression of the disease. While many studies in animals as well as clinical studies focused on the role of VD in the relapsing-remitting MS, knowledge is rather sparse for the progressive phase of the disease and the development of cortical pathology. In this study, we used our established rat model of cortical inflammatory demyelination, resembling features seen in late progressive MS, to address the question about whether VD could have positive effects on reducing cortical pathology, oxidative stress, and neurofilament light chain (NfL) serum levels. For this purpose, we used male Dark Agouti (DA) rats, with one group being supplemented with VD (400 IE per week; VD+) from the weaning on at age three weeks; the other group received standard rodent food. The rat brains were assessed using immunohistochemical markers against demyelination, microglial activation, apoptosis, neurons, neurofilament, and reactive astrocytes. To evaluate the effect of VD on oxidative stress and the antioxidant capacity, we used two different oxidized lipid markers (anti- Cu++ and HOCl oxidized LDL antibodies) along with colorimetric methods for protective polyphenols (PP) and total antioxidative capacity (TAC). NfL serum levels of VD+ and VD- animals were analyzed by fourth generation single-molecule array (SIMOA) analysis. We found significant differences between the VD+ and VD- animals both in histopathology as well as in all serum markers. Myelin loss and microglial activation is lower in VD+ animals and the number of apoptotic cells is significantly reduced with a higher neuronal survival. VD+ animals show significantly lower NfL serum levels, a higher TAC, and more PP. Additionally, there is a significant reduction of oxidized lipid markers in animals under VD supplementation. Our data thus show a positive effect of VD on cellular features of cortical pathology in our animal model, presumably due to protection against reactive oxygen species. In this study, VD enhanced remyelination and prevented neuroaxonal and oxidative damage, such as demyelination and neurodegeneration. However, more studies on VD dose relations are required to establish an optimal response while avoiding overdosing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muammer Üçal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Willibald Wonisch
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Department of Physiological Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michaela Lang
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Health, University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt, Campus 1, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Marta Nowakowska
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Milena Z. Adzemovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Khalil
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Sonja Hochmeister
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
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7
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Bazan-Socha S, Wójcik K, Olchawa M, Sarna T, Pięta J, Jakieła B, Soja J, Okoń K, Zarychta J, Zaręba L, Stojak M, Potaczek DP, Bazan JG, Celińska-Lowenhoff M. Increased Oxidative Stress in Asthma-Relation to Inflammatory Blood and Lung Biomarkers and Airway Remodeling Indices. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1499. [PMID: 35884804 PMCID: PMC9312921 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway inflammation in asthma is related to increased reactive oxygen species generation, potentially leading to tissue injury and subsequent airway remodeling. We evaluated oxidative stress in peripheral blood from asthmatic subjects (n = 74) and matched controls (n = 65), using recently developed real-time monitoring of the protein hydroperoxide (HP) formation by the coumarin boronic acid (CBA) assay. We also investigated the relation of the systemic oxidative stress response in asthma to disease severity, lung function, airway remodeling indices (lung computed tomography and histology), and blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) inflammatory biomarkers. We documented enhanced systemic oxidative stress in asthma, reflected by 35% faster and 58% higher cumulative fluorescent product generation in the CBA assay (p < 0.001 for both). The dynamics of HP generation correlated inversely with lung function but not with asthma severity or histological measures of airway remodeling. HP generation was associated positively with inflammatory indices in the blood (e.g., C-reactive protein) and BAL (e.g., interleukin [IL]-6, IL-12p70, and neutrophil count). Bronchial obstruction, thicker airway walls, increased BAL IL-6, and citrullinated histone 3 in systemic circulation independently determined increased HP formation. In conclusion, a real-time CBA assay showed increased systemic HP generation in asthma. In addition, it was associated with inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that proper disease control can also lead to a decrease in oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisława Bazan-Socha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (B.J.); (J.S.); (J.Z.); (M.C.-L.)
| | - Krzysztof Wójcik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (B.J.); (J.S.); (J.Z.); (M.C.-L.)
| | - Magdalena Olchawa
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.O.); (T.S.)
| | - Tadeusz Sarna
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.O.); (T.S.)
| | - Jakub Pięta
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Bogdan Jakieła
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (B.J.); (J.S.); (J.Z.); (M.C.-L.)
| | - Jerzy Soja
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (B.J.); (J.S.); (J.Z.); (M.C.-L.)
| | - Krzysztof Okoń
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Jacek Zarychta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (B.J.); (J.S.); (J.Z.); (M.C.-L.)
- Pulmonary Hospital, Gladkie 1, 34-500 Zakopane, Poland
| | - Lech Zaręba
- Institute of Computer Science, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (L.Z.); (J.G.B.)
| | - Michał Stojak
- Department of Plant Product Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Daniel P. Potaczek
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Jan G. Bazan
- Institute of Computer Science, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (L.Z.); (J.G.B.)
| | - Magdalena Celińska-Lowenhoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (B.J.); (J.S.); (J.Z.); (M.C.-L.)
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8
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Dudzińska E, Szymona K, Bogucki J, Koch W, Cholewińska E, Sitarz R, Ognik K. Increased Markers of Oxidative Stress and Positive Correlation Low-Grade Inflammation with Positive Symptoms in the First Episode of Schizophrenia in Drug-Naïve Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092551. [PMID: 35566680 PMCID: PMC9104552 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental illness usually diagnosed in adolescents and young adults. Many studies indicate that oxidative stress causes membrane dysfunction and cell damage, which is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The purpose of our study was to evaluate oxidative stress markers (the main primary products of lipid peroxidation, lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and end products of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP)) in the plasma of patients with the first episode of schizophrenia in drug-naïve patients (22 men and 12 women aged 17–29). The control group (Ctrl) comprised 26 healthy subjects (19 men and 7 women, aged 18–30 years). The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was applied to evaluate psychotic symptoms. Analyses of the oxidative stress variables revealed an increased level of SOD (U/mL) in subjects with schizophrenia versus control group. In addition, lipid damage measured as LOOHs µ (mol/L) and MDA was significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia in comparison to control subjects. There was a positive correlation between MDA µmol/L and PANSS P and a positive correlation between C-reactive protein (CRP) and the PANSS P scale. The elevated level of superoxide dismutase in patients with the first episode of schizophrenia can be explained by compensatory mechanisms to counteract oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde can be used as a simple biomarker of low-grade systemic inflammation associated with oxidative stress. A positive correlation between CRP and PANSS P scale and MDA and PANSS P scale may indicate a significant relationship between the development of low-grade inflammation and damage associated with oxidative stress in the development of the first symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Dudzińska
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kinga Szymona
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, 20-439 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jacek Bogucki
- Chair and Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Cholewińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (E.C.); (K.O.)
| | - Robert Sitarz
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
- Department of Surgical Oncology, St. John’s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ognik
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (E.C.); (K.O.)
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9
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Wagner-Skacel J, Haidacher F, Wiener M, Pahsini K, Marinschek S, Lahousen T, Wonisch W, Bengesser S, Butler MI, Lackner S, Meinitzer A, Enko D, Mörkl S. Oxidative Status in Adult Anorexia Nervosa Patients and Healthy Controls—Results from a Cross-Sectional Pilot Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050842. [PMID: 35624706 PMCID: PMC9137881 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress describes an imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidative defence systems. Recently, the consequences of oxidative stress have become a central field of research and have been linked to the genesis of multiple psychiatric diseases. Some oxidative stress parameters have not been investigated before in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, including the gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and polyphenols (PPm). In this cross-sectional pilot study, we evaluated these markers together with total peroxides (TOC), antioxidative capacity (TAC), endogenous peroxidase activity (EPA) and antibodies against oxidized LDL (oLAb) in serum samples of 20 patients with AN compared to 20 healthy controls. The antioxidative capacity was significantly decreased in AN patients, with a mean TAC of 1.57 mmol/L (SD: ±0.62); t (34) = −2.181, p = 0.036) compared to HC (mean = 1.91 mmol/L (SD: ±0.56), while the other investigated parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. In AN patients, TAC correlated with EPA (rsp = −0.630, p = 0.009). This study suggests that there is an antioxidative deficiency in AN patients. In this respect, there is a demand for interventional studies to determine whether antioxidants can be used as add-on therapy in the treatment of AN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolana Wagner-Skacel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.W.-S.); (F.H.); (M.W.); (K.P.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (S.B.)
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Fiona Haidacher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.W.-S.); (F.H.); (M.W.); (K.P.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Markus Wiener
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.W.-S.); (F.H.); (M.W.); (K.P.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Karoline Pahsini
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.W.-S.); (F.H.); (M.W.); (K.P.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Sabine Marinschek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.W.-S.); (F.H.); (M.W.); (K.P.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Theresa Lahousen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.W.-S.); (F.H.); (M.W.); (K.P.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Willibald Wonisch
- Division of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Susanne Bengesser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.W.-S.); (F.H.); (M.W.); (K.P.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Mary I. Butler
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Sonja Lackner
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Andreas Meinitzer
- Division of Medical and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Dietmar Enko
- Division of Medical and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Sabrina Mörkl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.W.-S.); (F.H.); (M.W.); (K.P.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (S.B.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-385-81743
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10
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Tatzber F, Zelzer S, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Rinnerhofer S, Kundi M, Cvirn G, Wultsch G, Herrmann M, Mangge H, Niedrist T, Wonisch W. Occupational Health Aspects with Special Focus on Physiological Differences between Office and Metalworkers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040633. [PMID: 35453318 PMCID: PMC9032298 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical workload adversely impacts inflammation, oxidative stress and mood in heavy workers. We compared these risk parameters between metalworkers (n = 20) and office workers (n = 30), including gender differences. Blood samples were analyzed with thirty parameters to overview endocrinology, inflammation, and psychological and oxidative stress. Despite an adequate antioxidative supply, oxidative stress occurred in metalworkers, as indicated by significantly increased peroxide and homocysteine (Hcy) levels. Moreover, increased concentrations were observed in this group regarding psychological stress and diet-related parameters. Sex-specific differences were determined for physical dimensions, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), Hcy, uric acid, triglycerides, osmolality, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and testosterone. Age-associated differences were observed for DHEAS, glycosylated hemoglobin, adrenaline, AMH and testosterone. In male office workers, the body mass index was associated with increased LDL-HDL, cholesterol-HDL and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In conclusion, these results indicate increased oxidative stress and psychological stress in heavy workers independently of adequate antioxidant sustenance. The sedentary occupation of office workers, in turn, favored diseases of affluence. This might be particularly relevant for long-term occupied persons and older workers due to a hormonal shift coming along, given the risk for oxidative stress-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, particularly in the case of males, based on their lifestyle habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Tatzber
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31a, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (M.H.); (H.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Stefan Rinnerhofer
- Exercise Physiology, Training and Training Therapy Research Group, Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Michael Kundi
- Center for Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6 HBK M1/D3, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Georg Wultsch
- Arbeitsmedizinisches Institut Graz, Herrgottwiesgasse 149, 8055 Graz, Austria;
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (M.H.); (H.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (M.H.); (H.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Tobias Niedrist
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (M.H.); (H.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Willibald Wonisch
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6 HBK M1/D3, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-650-52-99-540
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11
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Wisnuwardani RW, De Henauw S, Forsner M, Gottrand F, Huybrechts I, Kafatos AG, Kersting M, Knaze V, Manios Y, Nova E, Molnár D, Rothwell JA, Scalbert A, Sette S, Widhalm K, Moreno LA, Michels N. Adolescents' dietary polyphenol intake in relation to serum total antioxidant capacity: the HELENA study. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2022; 73:71-81. [PMID: 33858286 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1910631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the association between intake of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes and the 10 most consumed individual polyphenols with serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in 749 European adolescents (53% girls; 15% overweight; 12.5-17.5 years-old) from the cross-sectional HELENA study of 2006-2007. Dietary polyphenol intake was calculated from two non-consecutive 24-h recalls matched with the Phenol-Explorer database. Multilevel linear models examined the associations between dietary polyphenols and TAC. Polyphenol intake was rather low (median = 321mg/day; p25 = 158; p75 = 536) and TAC was comparable to other literature findings (median = 1.57 mmol/L; p25 = 1.45; p75 = 1.74). Total polyphenol intake, polyphenol classes and the top 10 compounds were not associated with TAC in a linear, quadratic or cubic way in partially or fully confounder-adjusted models. A direct anti-oxidative effect of dietary polyphenol intake was not observed in European adolescents. Polyphenol biomarkers and additional antioxidant measures are needed in future prospective studies to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratih W Wisnuwardani
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Public Health, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria Forsner
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- School of Education, Health and Social Sciences, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Frédéric Gottrand
- CHU Lille, Inserm U995, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Antonios G Kafatos
- Clinic of Nutrition and Disease Prevention, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Mathilde Kersting
- Research Department of Child Nutrition, Pediatric University Clinic, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Viktoria Knaze
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Esther Nova
- Department of Metabolism & Nutrition, Immunonutrition Research Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dénes Molnár
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | | | - Stefania Sette
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
| | - Kurt Widhalm
- Department of Pediatric, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Faculty of Health Science, GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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12
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Biganeh J, Ashtarinezhad A, Behzadipour D, Khanjani N, Tavakoli Nik A, Bagheri Hosseinabadi M. Investigating the relationship between job stress, workload and oxidative stress in nurses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2021; 28:1176-1182. [PMID: 33464196 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2021.1877456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. Occupational stress and workload are common risk factors among nurses that increase absenteeism, reduce the quality and quantity of patient care, increase care costs and increase the patient safety risk. The relation between these risk factors and oxidative stress levels has not been clearly defined. Methods. This study was conducted with 258 participants (126 nurses as the case group and 132 healthy adults as the control group). Information was collected using a demographic questionnaire, the nurses' occupational stress scale and the NASA task load index workload questionnaire. Blood samples were taken from the participants and then the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured in the serum samples. Independent t tests and one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis. Results. SOD and TAC were significantly higher and MDA was significantly lower among the case group compared to the control group. TAC levels significantly decreased with increased stress. MDA levels showed negative associations with stress and workload. Nurses experience high levels of occupational stress and workload. Conclusion. Biomarkers such as SOD, TAC and MDA are the most important predictors of work stress and overwork in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Biganeh
- School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Azadeh Ashtarinezhad
- Air Pollution Research Centre, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Behzadipour
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Atefeh Tavakoli Nik
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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13
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Lee W, Kang SK, Choi WJ. Effect of long work hours and shift work on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels among Korean workers. Scand J Work Environ Health 2020; 47:200-207. [PMID: 33201246 PMCID: PMC8126439 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to investigate the association between low-grade inflammation as indicated by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) level and organizational factors, such as work hours and shift work. Methods We evaluated 7470 young and middle-aged workers who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2015-2018. Work hours were determined from self-reported questionnaires. Shift work was defined as a non-daytime fixed work schedule. An interaction effect between shift work and long work hours on the hsCRP level was estimated using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and attributable proportion (AP) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Increased hsCRP levels were prevalent in 25.2% of the study population. There was a significant association between long work hours and increased hsCRP, especially among middle-aged men [odds ratio (OR) 1.50 (95% CI 1.20-1.87) for moderately increased hsCRP and OR 1.62 (95% CI 1.14-2.30) for highly increased hsCRP]. There was a significant interaction effect between long work hours and shift work on increased hsCRP among middle-aged workers. The RERI were 0.03 (95% CI 0.02-0.04) and 0.56 (95% CI 0.45-0.68) among middle-aged men and women, respectively. The AP were 0.02 (95% CI 0.01-0.03) and 0.36 (95% CI 0.31-0.40) among middle-aged men and women, respectively. Conclusion There was no significant association between shift work and the level of hsCRP. Long work hours were related to low-grade inflammatory processes, but only in middle-aged workers. There was an interaction effect between long work hours and shift work for increased hsCRP, especially in middle-aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhyung Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Harley B, Dickson R, Amponsah I, Ngala R, Berkoh D, Fleischer T. Antidiabetic effect of Chrysophyllum albidum is mediated by enzyme inhibition and enhancement of glucose uptake via 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.290129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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15
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Tatzber F, Wonisch W, Lackner S, Lindschinger M, Pursch W, Resch U, Trummer C, Murkovic M, Zelzer S, Holasek S, Cvirn G. A Micromethod for Polyphenol High-Throughput Screening Saves 90 Percent Reagents and Sample Volume. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 9:antiox9010011. [PMID: 31877807 PMCID: PMC7023636 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is ample evidence that polyphenols are important natural substances with pronounced antioxidative properties. This study aimed to develop a fast and reliable method to determine total polyphenol content (TPC) in foodstuffs and human samples. The microtitration format offers the advantage of low sample volumes in the microlitre range, facilitating high-throughput screening with 40 samples simultaneously. We accordingly adjusted the so-called Folin–Ciocalteu method to a microtitre format (polyphenols microtitre—PPm) with 90% reduction of reagents. The assay was standardized with gallic acid in the range between 0.1 and 3 mM, using a 20 µL sample volume. The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was less than 5%, and inter-assay CV was in the range of 10%. Wavelength was measured at 766 nm after two hours of incubation. This micromethod correlates significantly with both the classical Folin–Ciocalteu method and High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) (r2 = 0.9829). We further observed a significant correlation between PPm and total antioxidants (r2 = 0.918). The highest polyphenol concentrations were obtained for red, blue, and black fruits, vegetables, and juices. Extracts of red grapes could be harvested almost sugar free and might serve as a basis for polyphenol supplementation. Beer, flour, and bread contained polyphenol concentrations sufficient to meet the minimal daily requirement. We conclude that PPm is a sensitive and reliable method that detects polyphenols even in samples diluted 10-fold. The literature strongly recommends further investigations on the effects of polyphenol uptake on human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Tatzber
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Devision of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.T.); (S.L.); (W.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Willibald Wonisch
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Devision of Physiological Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sonja Lackner
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Devision of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.T.); (S.L.); (W.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Meinrad Lindschinger
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases, Outpatient Clinic Laßnitzhöhe, 8301 Laßnitzhöhe, Austria;
| | - Werner Pursch
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Devision of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.T.); (S.L.); (W.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Ulrike Resch
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christopher Trummer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria; (C.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Michael Murkovic
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria; (C.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Devision of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (F.T.); (S.L.); (W.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Devision of Physiological Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
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A Randomized Pilot Trial to Evaluate the Bioavailability of Natural versus Synthetic Vitamin B Complexes in Healthy Humans and Their Effects on Homocysteine, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Levels. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6082613. [PMID: 31915511 PMCID: PMC6930747 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6082613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The vitamin B complex comprises 8 different water-soluble constituents that humans must sequester from the diet. This pilot study compared natural versus synthetic vitamin B complexes for their bioavailability, accumulation, and their impact on antioxidants, homocysteine levels, and oxidative stress. We conducted a double-blind randomized clinical trial with thirty healthy participants. They were randomly assigned to group N (natural) and group S (synthetic). Vitamin B was ingested daily for 6 weeks in the range of about 2.5 times above the recommended daily allowance. Blood samples were taken at baseline, 1.5 h, 4 h, 7 h (diurnal), 6 w (discontinuation of supplements), and 8 w (washout). Blood levels of thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), pyridoxine (B6), folic acid (B9), cobalamin (B12), homocysteine, total antioxidants, peroxidase activity, polyphenols, and total peroxides were determined. Compared to initial values, serum levels of each B vitamin increased at the end of the supplementation period: i.e., B1 (+23% N; +27% S), B2 (+14% N; +13% S), B6 (+101% N; +101% S), B9 (+86% N; +153% S), and B12 (+16% N) (p < 0.05). Homocysteine (-13% N) decreased, while peroxidase activity (+41% S) and antioxidant capacity increased (+26% N). Short-term effects were already observed after 1.5 h for B9 (+238% N; +246% S) and after 4 h for vitamin B2 (+7% N; +8% S), B6 (+59% N; +51% S), and peroxidase activity (+58% N; +58% S). During the washout period, serum levels of B vitamins decreased except for thiamine and peroxidase activity, which increased further. This clinical pilot study revealed comparable bioavailability for both natural and synthetic B vitamins but did not show statistically noticeable differences between groups despite some favourable tendencies within the natural vitamin group, i.e., sustained effects for cobalamin and endogenous peroxidase activity and a decrease in homocysteine and oxidative stress levels.
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Oxidative Stress Indexes for Diagnosis of Health or Disease in Humans. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4128152. [PMID: 31885788 PMCID: PMC6899293 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4128152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is the imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant molecules, in favor of oxidants, that causes aging and disease. Many studies have been published that demonstrate the relationship between OS and human health and disease; however, the following questions arise: (i) how are we sure that the OS is present in a biological process? (ii) Is the OS reported in the different investigations equivalent? (iii) What are the best oxidant and antioxidant markers for OS diagnosis? (iv) Can we establish the types and the intensity of the OS? (v) Does OS index could be useful for research and/or application in clinical medicine? In this regard, several indexes have been proposed to measure OS in humans relative to the state of health and disease, among which the following can be highlighted: Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), Tiol Ratios (-SH/TT, -SS/-SH, and-SS/TT), Glutathione Ratio (GSSG/GSH), Oxidative Stress Score (OSS), and OXY-index. Therefore, the aim of this review is to present the state of the art of knowledge about OS indexes for diagnosis of health or disease in humans. We searched for articles in English or Spanish in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus electronic databases published up until May 2019. The keywords used were “oxidative stress,” “index,” and “oxidative stress index.” It was identified 11479 records in both databases, and 490 articles were analyzed. Our review suggests that all indexes analyzed allow diagnose and differentiate the OS related to human health and disease. Also, the studies on OSI, Oxy-score, and OSS indexes have proven to be reliable, practical, and with clinical utility. However, it is necessary to continue with longitudinal studies, especially assess the usefulness of the indexes in the clinical prognosis, and make comparative studies between the different indexes.
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18
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Ok G, Ahn J, Lee W. Association between irregular menstrual cycles and occupational characteristics among female workers in Korea. Maturitas 2019; 129:62-67. [PMID: 31547916 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between irregular menstrual cycles and occupational characteristics among Korean female workers. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed data on paid female workers from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) V (2010-2012). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We evaluated the possible associations between irregular menstrual cycles and work variables (occupational classification, working hours, and shift work) using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Weighted prevalence was calculated according to each work variable to approximate the Korean population. RESULTS Irregular menstrual cycles were the most common in women in the 'pink collar' group (16.61%). The frequency of irregular menstrual cycles was 2-fold higher in women working >60 h per week (25.64%) than in those working 20-60 h per week (11.09%). Irregular menstrual cycles were more prevalent in shift workers (15.85%) than in non-shift workers (11.06%). A significantly high risk of irregular menstrual cycles was found for pink-collar occupations (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.687, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.044-2.710, reference: white-collar occupation group) and in women with long working hours (adjusted OR = 2.139, 95% CI = 1.243-3.559, reference: 20-60 working hours group) and shift work (adjusted OR = 1.487, 95% CI = 1.028-2.118, reference: fixed working schedule group). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed associations between irregular menstrual cycles and occupational characteristics of female workers. Long working hours, shift work, and pink-collar occupations are positively associated with irregular menstrual cycles. Therefore, working hours and shift schedules for female workers should be structured considering these factors. Further research is needed to determine the optimal working time and shift schedules for female workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guseul Ok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joonho Ahn
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wanhyung Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Roestamadji RI, Nastiti NI, Surboyo MDC, Irmawati A. The Risk of Night Shift Workers to the Glucose Blood Levels, Saliva, and Dental Caries. Eur J Dent 2019; 13:323-329. [PMID: 31550734 PMCID: PMC6890483 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide the correlation of circadian rhythms of night shift workers with blood glucose levels, saliva, and dental caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on night shift and nonshift workers to measure fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2-PP BG), saliva flow rate, pH saliva, and caries with the decay-missing-filled total (DMF-T) index. Data analysis was done using independent t-test and correlation test with Pearson correlation. RESULTS There were significant differences in night shift and nonshift workers in FBG (p = 0.000), 2-PP BG (p = 0.000), flow rate saliva (p = 0.000), and DMF-T index (p = 0.001). Correlation test showed positive correlation between FBG and pH saliva (r = 0.42, p = 0.029) and DMF-T index (r = 0.521, p = 0.005) of night shift workers. The 2-PP BG also showed positive correlation with pH saliva (r = 0.493, p = 0.009) and DMF-T index (r = 0.743, p = 0.000). The DMF-T index showed negative correlation with flow rate saliva (r = -0.398, p = 0.04). In the nonshift workers, correlation test showed a correlation between FBG and DMF-T index (r = 0.384, p = 0.048). The DMF-T index showed correlation with flow rate saliva (r = 0.6, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION There is a circadian rhythm correlation between night shift workers to blood glucose levels, flow rate saliva, pH saliva, and dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nahdah Izdihar Nastiti
- Doctor of Dental Surgery Student, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Anis Irmawati
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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