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Maden SK, Huuki-Myers LA, Kwon SH, Collado-Torres L, Maynard KR, Hicks SC. lute: estimating the cell composition of heterogeneous tissue with varying cell sizes using gene expression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.04.588105. [PMID: 38617294 PMCID: PMC11014536 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.04.588105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Relative cell type fraction estimates in bulk RNA-sequencing data are important to control for cell composition differences across heterogenous tissue samples. Current computational tools estimate relative RNA abundances rather than cell type proportions in tissues with varying cell sizes, leading to biased estimates. We present lute, a computational tool to accurately deconvolute cell types with varying sizes. Our software wraps existing deconvolution algorithms in a standardized framework. Using simulated and real datasets, we demonstrate how lute adjusts for differences in cell sizes to improve the accuracy of cell composition. Software is available from https://bioconductor.org/packages/lute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean K. Maden
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Louise A. Huuki-Myers
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sang Ho Kwon
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Leonardo Collado-Torres
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristen R. Maynard
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie C. Hicks
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Malone Center for Engineering in Healthcare, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Liu Y, Tang S, Feng Y, Xue B, Cheng C, Su Y, Wei W, Zhang L, Huang Z, Shi X, Fang Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Deng X, Wang L, Ren H, Wang C, Yuan H. Alteration in gut microbiota is associated with immune imbalance in Graves' disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1349397. [PMID: 38533382 PMCID: PMC10963416 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1349397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Graves' disease (GD), characterized by immune aberration, is associated with gut dysbiosis. Despite the growing interest, substantial evidence detailing the precise impact of gut microbiota on GD's autoimmune processes remains exceedingly rare. Objective This study was designed to investigate the influence of gut microbiota on immune dysregulation in GD. Methods It encompassed 52 GD patients and 45 healthy controls (HCs), employing flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to examine lymphocyte and cytokine profiles, alongside lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Gut microbiota profiles and metabolic features were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and targeted metabolomics. Results Our observations revealed a disturbed B-cell distribution and elevated LPS and pro-inflammatory cytokines in GD patients compared to HCs. Significant differences in gut microbiota composition and a marked deficit in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, including ASV263(Bacteroides), ASV1451(Dialister), and ASV503(Coprococcus), were observed in GD patients. These specific bacteria and SCFAs showed correlations with thyroid autoantibodies, B-cell subsets, and cytokine levels. In vitro studies further showed that LPS notably caused B-cell subsets imbalance, reducing conventional memory B cells while increasing naïve B cells. Additionally, acetate combined with propionate and butyrate showcased immunoregulatory functions, diminishing cytokine production in LPS-stimulated cells. Conclusion Overall, our results highlight the role of gut dysbiosis in contributing to immune dysregulation in GD by affecting lymphocyte status and cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shasha Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Binghua Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chaofei Cheng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhoufeng Huang
- Institution of Hematology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junpeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinru Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongyan Ren
- Shanghai Mobio Biomedical Technology Corporation Limited, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huijuan Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Peng Y, Yang H, Chen Q, Jin H, Xue YH, Du MQ, Liu S, Yao SY. An angel or a devil? Current view on the role of CD8 + T cells in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis. J Transl Med 2024; 22:183. [PMID: 38378668 PMCID: PMC10877804 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04965-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myasthenia gravis (MG) and the experimental autoimmune MG (EAMG) animal model are characterized by T-cell-induced and B-cell-dominated autoimmune diseases that affect the neuromuscular junction. Several subtypes of CD4+ T cells, including T helper (Th) 17 cells, follicular Th cells, and regulatory T cells (Tregs), contribute to the pathogenesis of MG. However, increasing evidence suggests that CD8+ T cells also play a critical role in the pathogenesis and treatment of MG. MAIN BODY Herein, we review the literature on CD8+ T cells in MG, focusing on their potential effector and regulatory roles, as well as on relevant evidence (peripheral, in situ, cerebrospinal fluid, and under different treatments), T-cell receptor usage, cytokine and chemokine expression, cell marker expression, and Treg, Tc17, CD3+CD8+CD20+ T, and CXCR5+ CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS Further studies on CD8+ T cells in MG are necessary to determine, among others, the real pattern of the Vβ gene usage of autoantigen-specific CD8+ cells in patients with MG, real images of the physiology and function of autoantigen-specific CD8+ cells from MG/EAMG, and the subset of autoantigen-specific CD8+ cells (Tc1, Tc17, and IL-17+IFN-γ+CD8+ T cells). There are many reports of CD20-expressing T (or CD20 + T) and CXCR5+ CD8 T cells on autoimmune diseases, especially on multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Unfortunately, up to now, there has been no report on these T cells on MG, which might be a good direction for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Peng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China.
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China.
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Hui Xue
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Miao-Qiao Du
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Shun-Yu Yao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated First Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, 412000, Hunan, China
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Nandiwada SL. Overview of human B-cell development and antibody deficiencies. J Immunol Methods 2023:113485. [PMID: 37150477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
B cells are a key component of the humoral (antibody-mediated) immune response which is responsible for defense against a variety of pathogens. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of B cell development and function and briefly describe inborn errors of immunity associated with B cell development defects which can manifest as immune deficiency, malignancy, autoimmunity, or allergy. The knowledge and application of B cell biology are essential for laboratory evaluation and clinical assessment of these B cell disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarada L Nandiwada
- The Texas Children's Hospital, Section of Immunology, Allergy, and Retrovirology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
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Wu L, An R, Xi Y, Tang Z, Li T, Xu Y, Pang J, Peng X, Sun W, Sun Z. Immunomodulatory Effect of Isocaloric Diets with Different Protein Contents on Young Adult Sprague Dawley Rats. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081597. [PMID: 37107392 PMCID: PMC10138247 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the potential mechanisms of dietary protein on intestinal and host health, we studied the immunomodulatory effects of isocaloric diets with high or low crude protein (CP) contents on young adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. A total of 180 healthy male rats were randomly assigned to six groups (six replicate pens per treatment with five rats per pen) and fed diets with 10% CP, 14% CP, 20% CP (control), 28% CP, 38% CP, and 50% CP. Compared with the control diet, the rats fed the 14% CP diet significantly elevated lymphocyte cell counts in the peripheral blood and ileum, whereas the 38% CP diet significantly activated the expression of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the colonic mucosa (p < 0.05). Moreover, the 50% CP diet reduced growth performance and fat deposition and increased the percentages of CD4+ T, B, and NK cells in the peripheral blood and the colonic mucosal expression of IL-8, TNF-α, and TGF-β. Overall, rats fed the 14% CP diet enhanced host immunity by increasing the numbers of immune cells, and the immunological state and growth of SD rats were negatively impacted by the diet containing 50% CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Wu
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Rui An
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Science, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yuyue Xi
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhiru Tang
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Academy of Chinese Natural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yetong Xu
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiaman Pang
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xie Peng
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Weizhong Sun
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Preglej T, Brinkmann M, Steiner G, Aletaha D, Göschl L, Bonelli M. Advanced immunophenotyping: A powerful tool for immune profiling, drug screening, and a personalized treatment approach. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1096096. [PMID: 37033944 PMCID: PMC10080106 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1096096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Various autoimmune diseases are characterized by distinct cell subset distributions and activation profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs can therefore serve as an ideal biomarker material, which is easily accessible and allows for screening of multiple cell types. A detailed understanding of the immune landscape is critical for the diagnosis of patients with autoimmune diseases, as well as for a personalized treatment approach. In our study, we investigate the potential of multi-parameter spectral flow cytometry for the identification of patients suffering from autoimmune diseases and its power as an evaluation tool for in vitro drug screening approaches (advanced immunophenotyping). We designed a combination of two 22-color immunophenotyping panels for profiling cell subset distribution and cell activation. Downstream bioinformatics analyses included percentages of individual cell populations and median fluorescent intensity of defined markers which were then visualized as heatmaps and in dimensionality reduction approaches. In vitro testing of epigenetic immunomodulatory drugs revealed an altered activation status upon treatment, which supports the use of spectral flow cytometry as a high-throughput drug screening tool. Advanced immunophenotyping might support the exploration of novel therapeutic drugs and contribute to future personalized treatment approaches in autoimmune diseases and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lisa Göschl
- *Correspondence: Lisa Göschl, ; Michael Bonelli,
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7
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Gatto M, Bjursten S, Jonsson CA, Agelii ML, Jonell C, McGrath S, Lönnblom E, Sareila O, Holmdahl R, Rudin A, Levin M, Gjertsson I. Early Increase of Circulating Transitional B Cells and Autoantibodies to Joint-Related Proteins in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Developing Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Inflammatory Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 75:856-863. [PMID: 36409578 DOI: 10.1002/art.42406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate potential associations between B cell-related immunologic changes and development of inflammatory arthritis (IA) after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). METHODS Patients who developed ICI-induced IA (ICI-IA) and patients who did not develop immune-related adverse events (non-IRAE) after receiving ICIs to treat metastatic melanoma were consecutively recruited. Blood samples were collected at the time of ICI-IA occurrence and at different time points during treatment. Peripheral blood B cell subsets during ICI treatment were analyzed by flow cytometry. Rheumatoid factor, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, and antibodies against joint-related proteins were measured. RESULTS Proportions of CD19+ B cells were higher in patients with ICI-IA (n = 7) compared to patients with non-IRAE (n = 15) (median 11.7% [interquartile range (IQR) 9.7-16.2%] versus 8.1% [IQR 5.7-11.0%]; P = 0.03). The proportion and absolute numbers of transitional CD19+CD10+CD24high CD38high B cells were increased in patients with ICI-IA compared to non-IRAE patients (median 8.1% [IQR 4.9-12.1%] versus 3.6% [IQR 1.9-4.9%]; median 10.7 cells/μl [IQR 8.9-19.6] versus 4.4 cells/μl [IQR 2.3-6.6]; P < 0.01 for both). In addition, higher levels of transitional B cells were associated with development of ICI-IA (odds ratio 2.25 [95% confidence interval 1.03-4.9], P = 0.04). Transitional B cells increased before the onset of overt ICI-IA and decreased between the active and quiescent stages of ICI-IA (P = 0.02). Autoantibodies to type II collagen epitopes were detected in up to 43% of ICI-IA patients compared to none of the non-IRAE patients (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION Development of ICI-IA is accompanied by an increase in transitional B cells and by production of autoantibodies to joint-related proteins. Monitoring of B cell-driven abnormalities upon ICI treatment may help earlier recognition of ICI-IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Gatto
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, and Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Bjursten
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Charlotte A Jonsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Monica Leu Agelii
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Caroline Jonell
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sarah McGrath
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Lönnblom
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Section for Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Outi Sareila
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Section for Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Section for Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Rudin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Max Levin
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, and Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Inger Gjertsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Wei SY, Wu TT, Huang JQ, Kang ZP, Wang MX, Zhong YB, Ge W, Zhou BG, Zhao HM, Wang HY, Liu DY. Curcumin alleviates experimental colitis via a potential mechanism involving memory B cells and Bcl-6-Syk-BLNK signaling. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:5865-5880. [PMID: 36353208 PMCID: PMC9639655 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i40.5865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune dysfunction is the crucial cause in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is mainly related to lymphocytes (T or B cells, incl-uding memory B cells), mast cells, activated neutrophils, and macrophages. As the precursor of B cells, the activation of memory B cells can trigger and differentiate B cells to produce a giant variety of inducible B cells and tolerant B cells, whose dysfunction can easily lead to autoimmune diseases, including IBD.
AIM To investigate whether or not curcumin (Cur) can alleviate experimental colitis by regulating memory B cells and Bcl-6-Syk-BLNK signaling.
METHODS Colitis was induced in mice with a dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) solution in drinking water. Colitis mice were given Cur (100 mg/kg/d) orally for 14 con-secutive days. The colonic weight, colonic length, intestinal weight index, occult blood scores, and histological scores of mice were examined to evaluate the curative effect. The levels of memory B cells in peripheral blood of mice were measured by flow cytometry, and IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-7A, and TNF-α expression in colonic tissue homogenates were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blot was used to measure the expression of Bcl-6, BLNK, Syk, and other signaling pathway related proteins.
RESULTS After Cur treatment for 14 d, the body weight, colonic weight, colonic length, colonic weight index, and colonic pathological injury of mice with colitis were ameliorated. The secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-7A was statistically decreased, while the IL-35 and IL-10 levels were considerably increased. Activation of memory B cell subsets in colitis mice was confirmed by a remarkable reduction in the expression of IgM, IgG, IgA, FCRL5, CD103, FasL, PD-1, CD38, and CXCR3 on the surface of CD19+ CD27+ B cells, while the number of CD19+ CD27+ IL-10+ and CD19+ CD27+ Tim-3+ B cells increased significantly. In addition, Cur significantly inhibited the protein levels of Syk, p-Syk, Bcl-6, and CIN85, and increased BLNK and p-BLNK expression in colitis mice.
CONCLUSION Cur could effectively alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice by regulating memory B cells and the Bcl-6-Syk-BLNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yi Wei
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Tian-Tian Wu
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zeng-Ping Kang
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Meng-Xue Wang
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - You-Bao Zhong
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bu-Gao Zhou
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hai-Mei Zhao
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Duan-Yong Liu
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
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Rossi S, Baronio M, Gazzurelli L, Tessarin G, Baresi G, Chiarini M, Moratto D, Badolato R, Plebani A, Lougaris V. Lymphocyte alterations in patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) and autoimmune manifestations. Clin Immunol 2022; 241:109077. [PMID: 35843508 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoimmunity is a common feature in CVID patients. To date the mechanisms leading to the development of such complications are not fully elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from 122 CVID patients subdivided in three groups based on the absence of autoimmunity (n-AI) or the presence of hematologic autoimmune phenomena (Cy-AI) or non-hematologic autoimmune phenomena (n-Cy-AI) were evaluated. RESULTS We identified a total of 128 autoimmune manifestations in 55/122 patients (45.1%). 30/122 (24.6%) patients presented hematologic autoimmune phenomena while 29/122 (23.8%) presented gastrointestinal autoimmune involvement. Immune thrombocytopenia was the most common manifestation (27/122; 22.1%), followed by autoimmune hemolytic anemia (18/122; 14.8%) and autoimmune enteropathy (17/122; 13.9%). Cy-AI patients displayed higher CD4+ effector memory and terminally differentiated CD8+ cells with lower percentages of naïve and recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) CD4+ cells and a significant expansion of the CD19hiCD21low population. CONCLUSIONS CVID patients developing autoimmune cytopenias display characteristic immune phenotypic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Rossi
- Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST- Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Manuela Baronio
- Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST- Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Gazzurelli
- Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST- Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulio Tessarin
- Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST- Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulia Baresi
- Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST- Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarini
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniele Moratto
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Badolato
- Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST- Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST- Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST- Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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10
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Hosokawa T, Tanaka S, Mori T, Baba Y, Katayama Y. Quiescent B Cells Acquire Sensitivity to Cell Cycle Arresting Agents by B Cell Receptor Stimulation. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:847-850. [PMID: 35786592 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For the treatment of autoimmune diseases, depletion of B cells specific for auto-antigens is important because they will be a source of plasmablasts/plasma cells to produce autoantibodies. However, because some types of B cells like naïve B cells and memory B cells are at quiescent phase, they are insensitive to anticancer drugs which exert cytotoxicity by arresting the cell cycle. Here we show that B cell receptor (BCR) stimulation increases the sensitivity of anticancer drugs by promoting the proliferation of quiescent B cells. The BCR stimulation to primary naïve B cells enhanced sensitivity to several anticancer drugs which arrest the cell cycle through different mechanisms. The present results indicated that combination of the BCR stimulation and anticancer drugs is a promising strategy for the antigen-specific depletion of pathogenic quiescent B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Yoshihiro Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University.,International Research Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University.,Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University
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11
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Broketa M, Bruhns P. Single-Cell Technologies for the Study of Antibody-Secreting Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 12:821729. [PMID: 35173713 PMCID: PMC8841722 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.821729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-secreting cells (ASC), plasmablasts and plasma cells, are terminally differentiated B cells responsible for large-scale production and secretion of antibodies. ASC are derived from activated B cells, which may differentiate extrafollicularly or form germinal center (GC) reactions within secondary lymphoid organs. ASC therefore consist of short-lived, poorly matured plasmablasts that generally secrete lower-affinity antibodies, or long-lived, highly matured plasma cells that generally secrete higher-affinity antibodies. The ASC population is responsible for producing an immediate humoral B cell response, the polyclonal antibody repertoire, as well as in parallel building effective humoral memory and immunity, or potentially driving pathology in the case of autoimmunity. ASC are phenotypically and transcriptionally distinct from other B cells and further distinguishable by morphology, varied lifespans, and anatomical localization. Single cell analyses are required to interrogate the functional and transcriptional diversity of ASC and their secreted antibody repertoire and understand the contribution of individual ASC responses to the polyclonal humoral response. Here we summarize the current and emerging functional and molecular techniques for high-throughput characterization of ASC with single cell resolution, including flow and mass cytometry, spot-based and microfluidic-based assays, focusing on functional approaches of the secreted antibodies: specificity, affinity, and secretion rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Broketa
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Bruhns
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1222, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, Paris, France
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12
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Schneider-Gold C, Gilhus NE. Advances and challenges in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2022; 14:17562864211065406. [PMID: 34987614 PMCID: PMC8721395 DOI: 10.1177/17562864211065406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune disease with fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigability. Standard immunomodulatory treatment may fail to achieve sufficient improvement with minimal symptom expression or remission of myasthenic symptoms, despite adequate dosing and duration of treatment. Treatment-resistant MG poses a challenge for both patients and treating neurologists and requires new therapeutic approaches. The spectrum of upcoming immunotherapies that more specifically address distinct targets of the main immunological players in MG pathogenesis includes T-cell directed monoclonal antibodies that block the intracellular cascade associated with T-cell activation, monoclonal antibodies directed against key B-cell molecules, as well as monoclonal antibodies against the fragment crystallizable neonatal receptor (FcRn), cytokines and transmigration molecules, and also drugs that inhibit distinct elements of the complement system activated by the pathogenic MG antibodies. The review gives an overview on new drugs being evaluated in still ongoing or recently finished controlled clinical trials and drugs of potential benefit in MG due to their mechanisms of action and positive effects in other autoimmune disorders. Also, the challenges associated with the new therapeutic options are discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Schneider-Gold
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Gudrunstrasse 56, Bochum D-44791, Germany
| | - Nils Erik Gilhus
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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13
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B Cell Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413325. [PMID: 34948121 PMCID: PMC8703482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research into ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has suggested the major role of genetics, immune reactions, and the joint-gut axis in its etiology, although an ultimate consensus does not yet exist. The available evidence indicates that both autoinflammation and T-cell-mediated autoimmune processes are actively involved in the disease process of AS. So far, B cells have received relatively little attention in AS pathogenesis; this is largely due to a lack of conventional disease-defining autoantibodies. However, against prevailing dogma, there is a growing body of evidence suggestive of B cell involvement. This is illustrated by disturbances in circulating B cell populations and the formation of auto-reactive and non-autoreactive antibodies, along with B cell infiltrates within the axial skeleton of AS patients. Furthermore, the depletion of B cells, using rituximab, displayed beneficial results in a subgroup of patients with AS. This review provides an overview of our current knowledge of B cells in AS, and discusses their potential role in its pathogenesis. An overarching picture portrays increased B cell activation in AS, although it is unclear whether B cells directly affect pathogenesis, or are merely bystanders in the disease process.
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14
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Targeted Therapy for Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Where are We Now? BioDrugs 2021; 35:593-610. [PMID: 34731460 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-021-00505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune exocrinopathy characterized by dryness symptoms. This review briefly describes recent advances in the targeted therapies for pSS. Biologics evaluated for pSS treatment mainly include B cell-depleting agents, inhibitors of B cell activation, and agents that target co-signaling molecules or proinflammatory cytokines. Small molecule inhibitors that target signaling pathways have also been evaluated. However, current evidence for the efficacy of targeted therapies in pSS is still sparse. Although ianalumab (an anti-B cell-activating factor [BAFF]-receptor antibody) and iscalimab (an anti-CD40 antibody) are promising biologics for pSS, their efficacy still needs to be evaluated in larger clinical trials. For other biologics, clinical trials have found no differences versus placebo in the change from baseline in European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) score and fatigue score. Possible causes of the disappointing outcomes mainly include the inefficacy of those evaluated biologics in treating pSS, the high heterogeneous nature of pSS, irreversible exocrine glandular failure at advanced disease stages, inappropriate recruitment strategy in clinical trials, and outcome measures. Early diagnosis and glandular function-centered outcome measures may help to improve the current situation in the systemic therapy of pSS.
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15
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Jin W, Yang Q, Peng Y, Yan C, Li Y, Luo Z, Xiao B, Xu L, Yang H. Single-cell RNA-Seq reveals transcriptional heterogeneity and immune subtypes associated with disease activity in human myasthenia gravis. Cell Discov 2021; 7:85. [PMID: 34521820 PMCID: PMC8440681 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-021-00314-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease. Although the impact of immune cell disorder in MG has been extensively studied, little is known about the transcriptomes of individual cells. Here, we assessed the transcriptional profiles of 39,243 cells by single-cell sequencing and identified 13 major cell clusters, along with 39 subgroups of cells derived from patients with new-onset myasthenia gravis and healthy controls. We found that B cells, CD4+ T cells, and monocytes exhibited more heterogeneity in MG patients. CD4+ T cells were expanded in MG patients. We reclustered B cells and CD4+ T cells, and predict their essential regulators. Further analyses demonstrated that B cells in MG exhibited higher transcriptional activity towards plasma cell differentiation, CD4+ T cell subsets were unbalanced, and inflammatory pathways of monocytes were highly activated. Notably, we discovered a disease-relevant subgroup, CD180− B cells. Increased CD180− B cells in MG are indicative of a high IgG composition and were associated with disease activity and the anti-AChR antibody. Together, our data further the understanding of the cellular heterogeneity involved in the pathogenesis of MG and provide large cell-type-specific markers for subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlin Jin
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuyao Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengkai Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaohui Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liqun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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16
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Więsik-Szewczyk E, Rutkowska E, Kwiecień I, Korzeniowska M, Sołdacki D, Jahnz-Różyk K. Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency Complicated by Autoimmune Phenomena Have Lymphopenia and Reduced Treg, Th17, and NK Cells. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3356. [PMID: 34362140 PMCID: PMC8348468 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients with primary immune deficiency suffer from recurrent infections; however, paradoxical autoimmune phenomena can also manifest. The aim of this study was to identify immunological markers of autoimmune phenomena associated with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The study included 33 adults with CVID divided into two groups: (1) those with noninfectious autoimmune complications (CVID-C (n = 24)) and (2) those with only infectious symptoms (CVID-OI (n = 9)). Flow cytometry of peripheral blood was performed and compared with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients (n = 17) and healthy controls (n = 20). We found that all lymphocytes were lower in CVID-C and SLE. NK cells were lowest in CVID-C. Th17 cells were significantly reduced in CVID-C and SLE. Tregs were significantly lower in CVID-C and SLE. Bregs did not significantly differ between any groups. Class-switched memory B cells were significantly lower in CVID-C and CVID-OI. Lastly, plasmablasts were significantly higher in SLE. Among the T cell subsets, CVID-C patients had lower naive and recent thymic emigrant CD4+ T cells. In conclusion, reduced Treg, Th17, and NK cells are features of CVID with autoimmune complications, and class-switched memory B cells can help distinguish patients with different causes of autoimmunity. Future studies are needed to confirm whether reductions of Treg, Th17, and NK cells might be a biomarker of more complicated CVID cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Więsik-Szewczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (D.S.); (K.J.-R.)
| | - Elżbieta Rutkowska
- Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (E.R.); (I.K.)
| | - Iwona Kwiecień
- Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (E.R.); (I.K.)
| | - Marcelina Korzeniowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (D.S.); (K.J.-R.)
| | - Dariusz Sołdacki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (D.S.); (K.J.-R.)
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-691 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karina Jahnz-Różyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (D.S.); (K.J.-R.)
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17
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Nakano M, Ayano M, Kushimoto K, Kawano S, Higashioka K, Inokuchi S, Mitoma H, Kimoto Y, Akahoshi M, Ono N, Arinobu Y, Akashi K, Horiuchi T, Niiro H. Increased Proportion of CD226 + B Cells Is Associated With the Disease Activity and Prognosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:713225. [PMID: 34367178 PMCID: PMC8334729 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.713225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CD226, an activating receptor expressed on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells and T cells, is also seen on B cells and CD226 polymorphism is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Because the specific roles of CD226+ B cells in SLE are still unknown, we investigated the association of CD226+ B cells with SLE. Methods We measured CD226 expression on B cells and its subsets using flow cytometry in 48 SLE patients and 24 healthy controls (HCs). We assessed the relationships between CD226+ B cells and SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K), clinical manifestations, laboratory data, and prognosis after 12 months. Results The proportions of CD226+ cells in whole B cells and all its subsets were significantly higher in SLE patients than HCs. In SLE patients, the proportions of CD226+ B cells and CD226+ switched-memory (SM) B cells were significantly correlated with SLEDAI-2K scores and anti-dsDNA antibody titers, and negatively correlated with serum complement levels. Moreover, basal percentages of CD226+ B cells and CD226+ SM B cells were low in patients who were in Lupus Low Disease Activity State after 12 months. In patients with renal involvement, the proportion of CD226+ B cells increased. Additionally, the proportion of CD226+ B cells was higher in patients who were not in complete renal remission after 12 months. Conclusions Increased proportion of CD226+ B cells was associated with disease activity and prognosis of SLE. CD226+ B cells may be a useful biomarker for the management of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Nakano
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ayano
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kushimoto
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shotaro Kawano
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Higashioka
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Inokuchi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mitoma
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Akahoshi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Ono
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yojiro Arinobu
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Akashi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiko Horiuchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Niiro
- Department of Medical Education, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
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18
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The landscape and prognostic value of immune characteristics in uterine corpus endometrial cancer. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228178. [PMID: 33782686 PMCID: PMC8062954 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we explored the clinical and immunological characteristics of 575 uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) samples obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) using the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms. First, Kaplan-Meier and univariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the immune cell score was a prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further revealed that the immune cell score was an independent prognostic factor for UCEC patients. Second, we investigated the correlation between the infiltration levels of 22 types of immune cells and the immune score. Survival analysis based on the 22 immune cell types showed that higher levels of regulatory T cell, activated NK cell, and follicular helper T-cell infiltration were associated with longer OS, while higher levels of CD8+ T cell and naive B-cell infiltration were associated with longer RFS. Next, we performed differential expression and prognosis analyses on 1534 immune-related genes and selected five from 14 candidate genes to construct a prognostic prediction model. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for 3- and 5-year survival were 0.711 and 0.728, respectively. Further validation using a stage I-II subgroup showed similar results, presenting AUC values for 3- and five-year survival of 0.677 and 0.692, respectively. Taken together, the present study provides not only a deeper understanding of the relationship between UCEC and the immune landscape but also guidance for the future development of UCEC immunotherapy.
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19
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Lipid Rafts Interaction of the ARID3A Transcription Factor with EZRIN and G-Actin Regulates B-Cell Receptor Signaling. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9010022. [PMID: 33804610 PMCID: PMC8005928 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several diseases originate via dysregulation of the actin cytoskeleton. The ARID3A/Bright transcription factor has also been implicated in malignancies, primarily those derived from hematopoietic lineages. Previously, we demonstrated that ARID3A shuttles between the nucleus and the plasma membrane, where it localizes within lipid rafts. There it interacts with components of the B-cell receptor (BCR) to reduce its ability to transmit downstream signaling. We demonstrate here that a direct component of ARID3A-regulated BCR signal strength is cortical actin. ARID3A interacts with actin exclusively within lipid rafts via the actin-binding protein EZRIN, which confines unstimulated BCRs within lipid rafts. BCR ligation discharges the ARID3A-EZRIN complex from lipid rafts, allowing the BCR to initiate downstream signaling events. The ARID3A-EZRIN interaction occurs almost exclusively within unpolymerized G-actin, where EZRIN interacts with the multifunctional ARID3A REKLES domain. These observations provide a mechanism by which a transcription factor directly regulates BCR signaling via linkage to the actin cytoskeleton with consequences for B-cell-related neoplasia.
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20
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Bonek K, Roszkowski L, Massalska M, Maslinski W, Ciechomska M. Biologic Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Context of Biosimilars, Genetics, Epigenetics and COVID-19 Treatment. Cells 2021; 10:323. [PMID: 33557301 PMCID: PMC7914976 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects around 1.2% of the adult population. RA is one of the main reasons for work disability and premature retirement, thus substantially increasing social and economic burden. Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) were shown to be an effective therapy especially in those rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, who did not adequately respond to conventional synthetic DMARD therapy. However, despite the proven efficacy, the high cost of the therapy resulted in limitation of the widespread use and unequal access to the care. The introduction of biosimilars, which are much cheaper relative to original drugs, may facilitate the achievement of the therapy by a much broader spectrum of patients. In this review we present the properties of original biologic agents based on cytokine-targeted (blockers of TNF, IL-6, IL-1, GM-CSF) and cell-targeted therapies (aimed to inhibit T cells and B cells properties) as well as biosimilars used in rheumatology. We also analyze the latest update of bDMARDs' possible influence on DNA methylation, miRNA expression and histone modification in RA patients, what might be the important factors toward precise and personalized RA treatment. In addition, during the COVID-19 outbreak, we discuss the usage of biologicals in context of effective and safe COVID-19 treatment. Therefore, early diagnosing along with therapeutic intervention based on personalized drugs targeting disease-specific genes is still needed to relieve symptoms and to improve the quality of life of RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Bonek
- Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Geriatrics Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-635 Warsaw, Poland; (K.B.); (L.R.)
| | - Leszek Roszkowski
- Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Geriatrics Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-635 Warsaw, Poland; (K.B.); (L.R.)
| | - Magdalena Massalska
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-635 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (W.M.)
| | - Wlodzimierz Maslinski
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-635 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (W.M.)
| | - Marzena Ciechomska
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-635 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (W.M.)
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