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Wei ZQ, Shan WL, Li L, Li HY, Zhang R, Gao JJ, Wang ZX, Kong FY, Wei MJ, Wang W. Post-modification of covalent organic framework functionalized aminated carbon nanotubes with active site (Fe) for the sensitive detection of luteolin. Food Chem 2025; 462:141063. [PMID: 39226640 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
In this research, the TT-COF(Fe)@NH2-CNTs was innovatively prepared through a post-modification synthetic process functionalized TT-COF@NH2-CNTs with active site (Fe), where TT-COF@NH2-CNTs was prepared via a one-pot strategy using 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (para-aminophenyl) porphyrin (TTAP), 2,3,6,7-tetra (4-formylphenyl) tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and aminated carbon nanotubes (NH2-CNTs) as raw materials. The complex TT-COF(Fe)@NH2-CNTs material possessed porous structures, outstanding conductivity and rich catalytic sites. Thus, it can be adopted to construct electrochemical sensor with glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The TT-COF(Fe)@NH2-CNTs/GCE can selectively detect luteolin (Lu) with a wide linear plot ranging from 0.005 to 3 μM and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.45 nM (S/N = 3). The Lu residues in carrot samples were determined using TT-COF(Fe)@NH2-CNTs sensor and UV-visible (UV-Vis) approach. This TT-COF(Fe)@NH2-CNTs/GCE sensor paves the way for the quantification of Lu through a cost-efficient and sensitive electrochemical approach, which can make a significant step in the sensing field based on crystalline COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Qi Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Wei-Long Shan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Heng-Ye Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Juan-Juan Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Zhong-Xia Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Fen-Ying Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Mei-Jie Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
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2
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Chang XQ, Yue RS. Therapeutic Potential of Luteolin for Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications. Chin J Integr Med 2024:10.1007/s11655-024-3917-z. [PMID: 39302570 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3917-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications has been showing an upward trend in the past few decades, posing an increased economic burden to society and a serious threat to human life and health. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the effectiveness of complementary and alternative therapies for DM and its complications. Luteolin is a kind of polyphenol flavonoid with widely existence in some natural resources, as a safe dietary supplement, it has been widely studied and reported in the treatment of DM and its complications. This review demonstrates the therapeutic potential of luteolin in DM and its complications, and elucidates the action mode of luteolin at the molecular level. It is characterized by anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. In detail, luteolin can not only improve endothelial function, insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, but also inhibit the activities of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and α-glucosidase. However, due to the low water solubility and oral bioavailability of luteolin, its application in the medical field is limited. Therefore, great importance should be attached to the joint application of luteolin with current advanced science and technology. And more high-quality human clinical studies are needed to clarify the effects of luteolin on DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qin Chang
- Endocrinology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Ren-Song Yue
- Endocrinology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China.
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3
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Zhang X, Wang J, Fu J, Hu J, Zhang H, Ye M, Yang X, Yu H, Xu H, Lu J, Zhai Z, Zuo H, Hui X, Song J, Zhao Y, Tong Q, Wang Y. Dissecting the antitumor effects of Scutellaria barbata: Initial insights into the metabolism of scutellarin and luteolin by gut microbiota. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 248:116325. [PMID: 38959755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The high prevalence of cancer and detrimental side effects associated with many cancer treatments necessitate the search for effective alternative therapies. Natural products are increasingly being recognized and investigated for their potential therapeutic benefits. Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SBD), a plant with potent antitumor properties, has attracted significant interest from oncology researchers. Its primary flavonoid components-scutellarin and luteolin-which have limited oral bioavailability due to poor absorption. This hinders its application for cancer treatment. The gut microbiota, which is considered a metabolic organ, can modulate the biotransformation of compounds, thereby altering their bioavailability and efficacy. In this study, we employed liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS 8060) and ion trap-time of flight (LC-MSn-IT-TOF) analysis to investigate the ex vivo metabolism of scutellarin and luteolin by the gut microbiota. Five metabolites and one potential metabolite were identified. We summarized previous studies on their antitumor effects and performed in vitro tumor cell line studies to prove their antitumor activities. The possible key pathway of gut microbiota metabolism in vitro was validated using molecular docking and pure enzyme metabolic experiments. In addition, we explored the antitumor mechanisms of the two components of SBD through network pharmacology, providing a basis for subsequent target identification. These findings expand our understanding of the antitumor mechanisms of SBD. Notably, this study contributes to the existing body of knowledge regarding flavonoid biotransformation by the gut microbiota, highlighting the therapeutic potential of SBD in cancer treatment. Moreover, our results provide a theoretical basis for future in vivo pharmacokinetic studies, aiming to optimize the clinical efficacy of SBD in oncological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Jingyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiachun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Haojian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mengliang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinyue Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hengtong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiang Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jianye Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qian Tong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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4
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Wang X, Zhang L, Si H. Combining luteolin and curcumin synergistically suppresses triple-negative breast cancer by regulating IFN and TGF-β signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117221. [PMID: 39111078 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Combining two or more chemicals in chemotherapy is rapidly increasing because of its higher efficacy, lower toxicity, lower dosages, and lower drug resistance. Here, we identified a novel combination of luteolin (LUT) and curcumin (CUR), two bioactive compounds from foods, synergistically suppressed triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell proliferation (LUT 30 µM + CUR 20 µM), colony formation (LUT 1 µM + CUR 2 µM), and tumor growth in xenograft mice (LUT 10 mg/kg body weight/day + CUR 20 mg/kg body weight/day, i.p. injection every other day, 5 weeks), while the individual chemical alone did not show these inhibitory effects significantly at the selected concentrations/dosages. Our total RNA transcriptome analysis in xenograft tumors revealed that combining LUT and CUR synergistically activated type I interferon (IFN) signaling and suppressed transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathways, which was further confirmed by the expression/activity of several proteins of the pathways in tumors. In addition, this combination of LUT and CUR also synergistically decreased oncoprotein levels of c-Myc and Notch1, the critical molecules required to maintain stem cell properties, tumor clonal evolution, and drug resistance. These results suggest that the combination of LUT and CUR synergistically inhibits TNBC by suppressing multiple cellular mechanisms, such as proliferation, colony formation, and transformation, as well as tumor migration, invasion, and metastasis, via regulating IFN and TGF-β signaling pathways. Therefore, combining LUT and CUR may be an effective therapeutic agent to treat highly aggressive, drug-resistant TNBC patients after clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Wang
- Department of Food and Animal Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Food and Animal Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Hongwei Si
- Department of Food and Animal Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
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de Souza Goncalves B, Sangani D, Nayyar A, Puri R, Irtiza M, Nayyar A, Khalyfa A, Sodhi K, Pillai SS. COVID-19-Associated Sepsis: Potential Role of Phytochemicals as Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8481. [PMID: 39126050 PMCID: PMC11312872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The acute manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exhibit the hallmarks of sepsis-associated complications that reflect multiple organ failure. The inflammatory cytokine storm accompanied by an imbalance in the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory host response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection leads to severe and critical septic shock. The sepsis signature in severely afflicted COVID-19 patients includes cellular reprogramming and organ dysfunction that leads to high mortality rates, emphasizing the importance of improved clinical care and advanced therapeutic interventions for sepsis associated with COVID-19. Phytochemicals of functional foods and nutraceutical importance have an incredible impact on the healthcare system, which includes the prevention and/or treatment of chronic diseases. Hence, in the present review, we aim to explore the pathogenesis of sepsis associated with COVID-19 that disrupts the physiological homeostasis of the body, resulting in severe organ damage. Furthermore, we have summarized the diverse pharmacological properties of some potent phytochemicals, which can be used as functional foods as well as nutraceuticals against sepsis-associated complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The phytochemicals explored in this article include quercetin, curcumin, luteolin, apigenin, resveratrol, and naringenin, which are the major phytoconstituents of our daily food intake. We have compiled the findings from various studies, including clinical trials in humans, to explore more into the therapeutic potential of each phytochemical against sepsis and COVID-19, which highlights their possible importance in sepsis-associated COVID-19 pathogenesis. We conclude that our review will open a new research avenue for exploring phytochemical-derived therapeutic agents for preventing or treating the life-threatening complications of sepsis associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno de Souza Goncalves
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Darshan Sangani
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Aleen Nayyar
- Department of Medicine, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore 55150, Pakistan;
| | - Raghav Puri
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Mahir Irtiza
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Asma Nayyar
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Komal Sodhi
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Sneha S. Pillai
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
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Jayawickreme DK, Ekwosi C, Anand A, Andres-Mach M, Wlaź P, Socała K. Luteolin for neurodegenerative diseases: a review. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:644-664. [PMID: 38904713 PMCID: PMC11294387 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00610-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis affect millions of people around the world. In addition to age, which is a key factor contributing to the development of all neurodegenerative diseases, genetic and environmental components are also important risk factors. Current methods of treating neurodegenerative diseases are mostly symptomatic and do not eliminate the cause of the disease. Many studies focus on searching for natural substances with neuroprotective properties that could be used as an adjuvant therapy in the inhibition of the neurodegeneration process. These compounds include flavonoids, such as luteolin, showing significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activity. Increasing evidence suggests that luteolin may confer protection against neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarize the scientific reports from preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the beneficial effects of luteolin in neurodegenerative diseases. Luteolin was studied most extensively in various models of Alzheimer's disease but there are also several reports showing its neuroprotective effects in models of Parkinson's disease. Though very limited, studies on possible protective effects of luteolin against Huntington's disease and multiple sclerosis are also discussed here. Overall, although preclinical studies show the potential benefits of luteolin in neurodegenerative disorders, clinical evidence on its therapeutic efficacy is still deficient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cletus Ekwosi
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin, 20-033, PL, Poland
| | - Apurva Anand
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin, 20-033, PL, Poland
| | - Marta Andres-Mach
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, Lublin, 20-950, Poland
| | - Piotr Wlaź
- Department of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin, 20-033, PL, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Socała
- Department of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin, 20-033, PL, Poland.
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Lee S, Lee CH, Lee J, Jeong Y, Park JH, Nam IJ, Lee DS, Lee HM, Ahn SY, Kim E, Jeong S, Yu SS, Lee W. Botanical formulation HX110B ameliorates PPE-induced emphysema in mice via regulation of PPAR/RXR signaling pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305911. [PMID: 39052574 PMCID: PMC11271920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an inflammatory lung disease, causes approximately 3 million deaths each year; however, its pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we examined whether HX110B, a mixture of Taraxacum officinale, Dioscorea batatas, and Schizonepeta tenuifolia extracts, could suppress porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema in mice and its mechanism of action. The therapeutic efficacy of HX110B was tested using a PPE-induced emphysema mouse model and human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. In vivo data showed that the alveolar wall and air space expansion damaged by PPE were improved by HX110B administration. HX110B also effectively suppresses the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-6, IL-1β, MIP-2, and iNOS, while stimulating the expression of lung protective factors such as IL-10, CC16, SP-D, and sRAGE. Moreover, HX110B improved the impaired OXPHOS subunit gene expression. In vitro analysis revealed that HX110B exerted its effects by activating the PPAR-RXR signaling pathways. Overall, our data demonstrated that HX110B could be a promising therapeutic option for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hyung Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungkyu Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonseon Jeong
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hyung Park
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Jeong Nam
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo Suk Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Myung Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Ahn
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Eujung Kim
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungyeon Jeong
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Shin Yu
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonwoo Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
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Szulc A, Wiśniewska K, Żabińska M, Gaffke L, Szota M, Olendzka Z, Węgrzyn G, Pierzynowska K. Effectiveness of Flavonoid-Rich Diet in Alleviating Symptoms of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Foods 2024; 13:1931. [PMID: 38928874 PMCID: PMC11202533 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, there has been a significant increase in the burden of neurological diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, on a global scale. This is linked to a widespread demographic trend in which developed societies are aging, leading to an increased proportion of elderly individuals and, concurrently, an increase in the number of those afflicted, posing one of the main public health challenges for the coming decades. The complex pathomechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases and resulting varied symptoms, which differ depending on the disease, environment, and lifestyle of the patients, make searching for therapies for this group of disorders a formidable challenge. Currently, most neurodegenerative diseases are considered incurable. An important aspect in the fight against and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases may be broadly understood lifestyle choices, and more specifically, what we will focus on in this review, a diet. One proposal that may help in the fight against the spread of neurodegenerative diseases is a diet rich in flavonoids. Flavonoids are compounds widely found in products considered healthy, such as fruits, vegetables, and herbs. Many studies indicated not only the neuroprotective effects of these compounds but also their ability to reverse changes occurring during the progression of diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Here, we present the main groups of flavonoids, discussing their characteristics and mechanisms of action. The most widely described mechanisms point to neuroprotective functions due to strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, accompanied with their ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, as well as the ability to inhibit the formation of protein aggregates. The latter feature, together with promoting removal of the aggregates is especially important in neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss a therapeutic potential of selected flavonoids in the fight against neurodegenerative diseases, based on in vitro studies, and their impact when included in the diet of animals (laboratory research) and humans (population studies). Thus, this review summarizes flavonoids' actions and impacts on neurodegenerative diseases. Therapeutic use of these compounds in the future is potentially possible but depends on overcoming key challenges such as low bioavailability, determining the therapeutic dose, and defining what a flavonoid-rich diet is and determining its potential negative effects. This review also suggests further research directions to address these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (A.S.); (K.W.); (M.Ż.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (Z.O.); (K.P.)
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Huang X, Lin K, Liu S, Yang J, Zhao H, Zheng XH, Tsai MJ, Chang CS, Huang L, Weng CF. Combination of plant metabolites hinders starch digestion and glucose absorption while facilitating insulin sensitivity to diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1362150. [PMID: 38903985 PMCID: PMC11188438 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1362150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine disease resulting from interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Type II DM (T2DM) accounts for approximately 90% of all DM cases. Current medicines used in the treatment of DM have some adverse or undesirable effects on patients, necessitating the use of alternative medications. Methods To overcome the low bioavailability of plant metabolites, all entities were first screened through pharmacokinetic, network pharmacology, and molecular docking predictions. Experiments were further conducted on a combination of antidiabetic phytoactive molecules (rosmarinic acid, RA; luteolin, Lut; resveratrol, RS), along with in vitro evaluation (α-amylase inhibition assay) and diabetic mice tests (oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT; oral starch tolerance test, OSTT) for maximal responses to validate starch digestion and glucose absorption while facilitating insulin sensitivity. Results The results revealed that the combination of metabolites achieved all required criteria, including ADMET, drug likeness, and Lipinski rule. To determine the mechanisms underlying diabetic hyperglycemia and T2DM treatments, network pharmacology was used for regulatory network, PPI network, GO, and KEGG enrichment analyses. Furthermore, the combined metabolites showed adequate in silico predictions (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase for improving starch digestion; SGLT-2, AMPK, glucokinase, aldose reductase, acetylcholinesterase, and acetylcholine M2 receptor for mediating glucose absorption; GLP-1R, DPP-IV, and PPAR-γ for regulating insulin sensitivity), in vitro α-amylase inhibition, and in vivo efficacy (OSTT versus acarbose; OGTT versus metformin and insulin) as nutraceuticals against T2DM. Discussion The results demonstrate that the combination of RA, Lut, and RS could be exploited for multitarget therapy as prospective antihyperglycemic phytopharmaceuticals that hinder starch digestion and glucose absorption while facilitating insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Kaihuang Lin
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Sinian Liu
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Junxiong Yang
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Haowei Zhao
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zheng
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - May-Jywan Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Sheng Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Liyue Huang
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
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10
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Mallepura Adinarayanaswamy Y, Padmanabhan D, Natarajan P, Palanisamy S. Metabolomic Profiling of Leptadenia reticulata: Unveiling Therapeutic Potential for Inflammatory Diseases through Network Pharmacology and Docking Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:423. [PMID: 38675385 PMCID: PMC11054655 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been utilized since ancient times for their therapeutic properties, offering potential solutions for various ailments, including epidemics. Among these, Leptadenia reticulata, a member of the Asclepiadaceae family, has been traditionally employed to address numerous conditions such as diarrhea, cancer, and fever. In this study, employing HR-LCMS/MS(Q-TOF) analysis, we identified 113 compounds from the methanolic extract of L. reticulata. Utilizing Lipinski's rule of five, we evaluated the drug-likeness of these compounds using SwissADME and ProTox II. SwissTarget Prediction facilitated the identification of potential inflammatory targets, and these targets were discerned through the Genecard, TTD, and CTD databases. A network pharmacology analysis unveiled hub proteins including CCR2, ICAM1, KIT, MPO, NOS2, and STAT3. Molecular docking studies identified various constituents of L. reticulata, exhibiting high binding affinity scores. Further investigations involving in vivo testing and genomic analyses of metabolite-encoding genes will be pivotal in developing efficacious natural-source drugs. Additionally, the potential of molecular dynamics simulations warrants exploration, offering insights into the dynamic behavior of protein-compound interactions and guiding the design of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashaswini Mallepura Adinarayanaswamy
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India; (Y.M.A.); (D.P.)
| | - Deepthi Padmanabhan
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India; (Y.M.A.); (D.P.)
| | | | - Senthilkumar Palanisamy
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India; (Y.M.A.); (D.P.)
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11
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Hewawansa UHAJ, Houghton MJ, Barber E, Costa RJS, Kitchen B, Williamson G. Flavonoids and phenolic acids from sugarcane: Distribution in the plant, changes during processing, and potential benefits to industry and health. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13307. [PMID: 38369931 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) plants are grown in warmer climates throughout the world and processed to produce sugar as well as other useful byproducts such as molasses and bagasse. Sugarcane is rich in (poly)phenols, but there has been no attempt to critically evaluate the published information based on the use of suitable methodologies. The objective of this review is to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative (poly)phenolic profiles of individual parts of the sugarcane plant and its multiple industrial products, which will help develop new processes and uses for sugarcane (poly)phenols. The quantitative analysis involves the examination of extraction, concentration, and analytical techniques used in each study for each plant part and product. The qualitative analysis indicates the identification of various (poly)phenols throughout the sugarcane processing chain, using only compounds elucidated through robust analytical methodologies such as mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance. In conclusion, sugarcane (poly)phenols are predominantly flavonoids and phenolic acids. The main flavonoids, derivatives of apigenin, luteolin, and tricin, with a substantial proportion of C-glycosides, are consistently found across all phases of sugarcane processing. The principal phenolic acids reported throughout the process include chlorogenic acids, as well as ferulic and caffeic acids mostly observed after hydrolysis. The derivation of precise quantitative information across publications is impeded by inconsistencies in analytical methodologies. The presence of multiple (poly)phenols with potential benefits for industrial applications and for health suggests sugarcane could be a useful provider of valuable compounds for future use in research and industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulluwis H A J Hewawansa
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Victorian Heart Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael J Houghton
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Victorian Heart Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Barber
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Victorian Heart Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ricardo J S Costa
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barry Kitchen
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Victorian Heart Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Victorian Heart Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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12
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Liang X, Zheng S, Zhou Y, Li J, Zhang Z. Luteolin, a natural flavonoid, exhibits a protective effect on intestinal injury induced by soybean meal in early-weaned piglets. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae214. [PMID: 39066584 PMCID: PMC11367559 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Soybean meal is known to be able to cause intestinal damage and dysfunction in early-weaned piglets. However, research on natural compounds that can alleviate these effects is scarce. In this study, the effect of luteolin, a natural flavonoid, on intestinal health of piglets fed on a soybean meal-based diet was explored. A total of eighteen 21-d-old piglets were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: a negative control group fed with an animal protein-based diet, a positive control group fed with a soybean meal-based diet, and a luteolin group that was fed with the positive control diet supplemented with luteolin. The results suggested that luteolin supplementation significantly increased the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of early-weaned piglets, while effectively reducing the diarrhea incidence. Additionally, luteolin supplementation lowered the levels of soybean antigen-specific immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin E anitbodies, increased the superoxide dismutase activity in both sera and small intestine mucosa, and enhanced the total antioxidant capacity in sera. Further research found that luteolin supplementation increased the intestinal villi height and decreased the crypt depth, resulting in an increased ratio of villi to crypts. At the same time, it reduced the concentration of serum diamine oxidase, improving intestinal barrier function. Moreover, luteolin significantly decreased the gene expression of Bax and Caspase-3, reducing cell apoptosis in the intestinal mucosa. Luteolin supplementation also increased the abundance of Actinobacteria at the phylum level, reduced the abundance of Prevotella and increased the abundance of Olsenella at the genus level. In conclusion, the supplementation of luteolin to the soybean meal diet was capable of effectively reducing allergic response, enhancing the antioxidant capacity of early-weaned piglets, protecting their intestinal barrier function, inhibiting intestinal mucosal cell apoptosis, and altering the intestinal microbiota structure, therefore promoting intestinal health and improving production performance in early-weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecong Liang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Shugui Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Jiguang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
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13
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Shaji D, Nagura Y, Sabishiro H, Suzuki R, Kurita N. In Silico Design of Natural Inhibitors of ApoE4 from the Plant Moringa oleifera: Molecular Docking and Ab Initio Fragment Molecular Orbital Calculations. Molecules 2023; 28:8035. [PMID: 38138525 PMCID: PMC10745539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disease, and its signs and symptoms appear slowly over time. Although current Alzheimer's disease treatments can alleviate symptoms, they cannot prevent the disease from progressing. To accurately diagnose and treat Alzheimer's disease, it is therefore necessary to establish effective methods for diagnosis. Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), the most frequent genetic risk factor for AD, is expressed in more than half of patients with AD, making it an attractive target for AD therapy. We used molecular docking simulations, classical molecular mechanics optimizations, and ab initio fragment molecular orbital (FMO) calculations to investigate the specific interactions between ApoE4 and the naturally occurring compounds found in the plant Moringa Oleifera. According to the FMO calculations, quercetin had the highest binding affinity to ApoE4 among the sixteen compounds because its hydroxyl groups generated strong hydrogen bonds with the ApoE4 residues Trp11, Asp12, Arg15, and Asp130. As a result, we proposed various quercetin derivatives by introducing a hydroxyl group into quercetin and studied their ApoE4 binding properties. The FMO data clearly showed that adding a hydroxyl group to quercetin improved its binding capacity to ApoE4. Furthermore, ApoE4 Trp11, Asp12, Arg15, and Asp130 residues were discovered to be required for significant interactions between ApoE4 and quercetin derivatives. They had a higher ApoE4 binding affinity than our previously proposed epicatechin derivatives. Accordingly, the current results evaluated using the ab initio FMO method will be useful for designing potent ApoE4 inhibitors that can be used as a candidate agent for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Noriyuki Kurita
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, Japan
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14
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Wang T, Yin Y, Jiang X, Ruan Y, Xu J, Hu X, Li T, Chu L, Li L. Exploring the mechanism of luteolin by regulating microglia polarization based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiments. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13767. [PMID: 37612462 PMCID: PMC10447507 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41101-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation manifests following injury to the central nervous system (CNS) and M1/M2 polarization of microglia is closely associated with the development of this neuroinflammation. In this study, multiple databases were used to collect targets regarding luteolin and microglia polarization. After obtaining a common target, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created and further analysis was performed to obtain the core network. Molecular docking of the core network with luteolin after gene enrichment analysis. In vitro experiments were used to examine the polarization of microglia and the expression of related target proteins. A total of 77 common targets were obtained, and the core network obtained by further analysis contained 38 proteins. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that luteolin affects microglia polarization in regulation of inflammatory response as well as the interleukin (IL)-17 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways. Through in vitro experiments, we confirmed that the use of luteolin reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-6, TNF-α, p-NFκBIA (p-IκB-α), p-NFκB p65, and MMP9, while upregulating the expression of Arg-1 and IL-10. This study reveals various potential mechanisms by which luteolin induces M2 polarization in microglia to inhibit the neuroinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyue Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yuanjun Yin
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yanmin Ruan
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jiawen Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xiaowei Hu
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Lisheng Chu
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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15
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Qiu Y, Cai C, Mo X, Zhao X, Wu L, Liu F, Li R, Liu C, Chen J, Tian M. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the effect of flavonoids on flower color variation in Dendrobium nobile Lindl. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1220507. [PMID: 37680360 PMCID: PMC10481954 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1220507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Dendrobium nobile L. is a rare orchid plant with high medicinal and ornamentalvalue, and extremely few genetic species resources are remaining in nature. In the normal purple flower population, a type of population material with a white flower variation phenotype has been discovered, and through pigment component determination, flavonoids were preliminarily found to be the main reason for the variation. Methods This study mainly explored the different genes and metabolites at different flowering stages and analysed the flower color variation mechanism through transcriptome- and flavonoid-targeted metabolomics. The experimental materials consisted of two different flower color phenotypes, purple flower (PF) and white flower (WF), observed during three different periods. Results and discussion The results identified 1382, 2421 and 989 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the white flower variety compared with the purple flower variety at S1 (bud stage), S2 (chromogenic stage) and S3 (flowering stage), respectively. Among these, 27 genes enriched in the ko00941, ko00942, ko00943 and ko00944 pathways were screened as potential functional genes affecting flavonoid synthesis and flower color. Further analysis revealed that 15 genes are potential functional genes that lead to flavonoid changes and flower color variations. The metabolomics results at S3 found 129 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), which included 8 anthocyanin metabolites, all of which (with the exception of delphinidin-3-o-(2'''-o-malonyl) sophoroside-5-o-glucoside) were found at lower amounts in the WF variety compared with the PF variety, indicating that a decrease in the anthocyanin content was the main reason for the inability to form purple flowers. Therefore, the changes in 19 flavone and 62 flavonol metabolites were considered the main reasons for the formation of white flowers. In this study, valuable materials responsible for flower color variation in D. nobile were identified and further analyzed the main pathways and potential genes affecting changes in flavonoids and the flower color. This study provides a material basis and theoretical support for the hybridization and molecular-assisted breeding of D. nobile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ji Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengliang Tian
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Choudhary N, Bawari S, Burcher JT, Sinha D, Tewari D, Bishayee A. Targeting Cell Signaling Pathways in Lung Cancer by Bioactive Phytocompounds. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3980. [PMID: 37568796 PMCID: PMC10417502 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a heterogeneous group of malignancies with high incidence worldwide. It is the most frequently occurring cancer in men and the second most common in women. Due to its frequent diagnosis and variable response to treatment, lung cancer was reported as the top cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2020. Many aberrant signaling cascades are implicated in the pathogenesis of lung cancer, including those involved in apoptosis (B cell lymphoma protein, Bcl-2-associated X protein, first apoptosis signal ligand), growth inhibition (tumor suppressor protein or gene and serine/threonine kinase 11), and growth promotion (epidermal growth factor receptor/proto-oncogenes/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase). Accordingly, these pathways and their signaling molecules have become promising targets for chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. Recent research provides compelling evidence for the use of plant-based compounds, known collectively as phytochemicals, as anticancer agents. This review discusses major contributing signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of lung cancer, as well as currently available treatments and prospective drug candidates. The anticancer potential of naturally occurring bioactive compounds in the context of lung cancer is also discussed, with critical analysis of their mechanistic actions presented by preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Choudhary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, GNA School of Pharmacy, GNA University, Phagwara 144 401, India
| | - Sweta Bawari
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida 201 301, India
| | - Jack T. Burcher
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Dona Sinha
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700 026, India
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110 017, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
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17
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Gu H, Shi R, Xu C, Lv W, Hu X, Xu C, Pan Y, He X, Wu A, Li J. EGFR-Targeted Liposomes Combined with Ginsenoside Rh2 Inhibit Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis. Bioconjug Chem 2023. [PMID: 37235785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains the most challenging breast cancer subtype due to its lack of targeted therapies and poor prognosis. In order to treat patients with these tumors, efforts have been made to explore feasible targets. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy is currently in clinical trials and regarded to be a promising treatment strategy. In this study, an EGFR-targeting nanoliposome (LTL@Rh2@Lipo-GE11) using ginsenoside Rh2 as a wall material was developed, in which GE11 was used as the EGFR-binding peptide to deliver more ginsenoside Rh2 and luteolin into TNBC. In comparison to non-targeted liposomes (Rh2@Lipo and LTL@Rh2@Lipo), the nanoliposomes LTL@Rh2@Lipo-GE11 demonstrated a high specificity to MDA-MB-231 cells that expressed a high level of EGFR both in vitro and in vivo, contributing to the strong inhibitory effects on the growth and migration of TNBC. These results suggest that LTL@Rh2@Lipo-GE11 is a prospective candidate for targeted therapy of TNBC, with a remarkable capability to inhibit tumor development and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Gu
- Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, International Ecological Forestry Research Center of Kunming, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, International Ecological Forestry Research Center of Kunming, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wenhao Lv
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xueyin Hu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Canxin Xu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yuanbo Pan
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiahong He
- Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, International Ecological Forestry Research Center of Kunming, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Juan Li
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
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18
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Syahputra RA, Harahap U, Harahap Y, Gani AP, Dalimunthe A, Ahmed A, Zainalabidin S. Vernonia amygdalina Ethanol Extract Protects against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via TGFβ, Cytochrome c, and Apoptosis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114305. [PMID: 37298779 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) has been extensively utilized in cancer treatment. However, DOX administration has adverse effects, such as cardiac injury. This study intends to analyze the expression of TGF, cytochrome c, and apoptosis on the cardiac histology of rats induced with doxorubicin, since the prevalence of cardiotoxicity remains an unpreventable problem due to a lack of understanding of the mechanism underlying the cardiotoxicity result. Vernonia amygdalina ethanol extract (VAEE) was produced by soaking dried Vernonia amygdalina leaves in ethanol. Rats were randomly divided into seven groups: K- (only given doxorubicin 15 mg/kgbw), KN (water saline), P100, P200, P400, P4600, and P800 (DOX 15 mg/kgbw + 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/kgbw extract); at the end of the study, rats were scarified, and blood was taken directly from the heart; the heart was then removed. TGF, cytochrome c, and apoptosis were stained using immunohistochemistry, whereas SOD, MDA, and GR concentration were evaluated using an ELISA kit. In conclusion, ethanol extract might protect the cardiotoxicity produced by doxorubicin by significantly reducing the expression of TGF, cytochrome c, and apoptosis in P600 and P800 compared to untreated control K- (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that Vernonia amygdalina may protect cardiac rats by reducing the apoptosis, TGF, and cytochrome c expression while not producing the doxorubicinol as doxorubicin metabolite. In the future, Vernonia amygdalina could be used as herbal preventive therapy for patient administered doxorubicin to reduce the incidence of cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony Abdi Syahputra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Urip Harahap
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Yahdiana Harahap
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | | | - Aminah Dalimunthe
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Amer Ahmed
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Satirah Zainalabidin
- Biomedical Science, Centre of Toxicology and Health Risk Study, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
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19
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Djeujo FM, Stablum V, Pangrazzi E, Ragazzi E, Froldi G. Luteolin and Vernodalol as Bioactive Compounds of Leaf and Root Vernonia amygdalina Extracts: Effects on α-Glucosidase, Glycation, ROS, Cell Viability, and In Silico ADMET Parameters. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051541. [PMID: 37242783 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aqueous decoctions of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) leaves and roots are widely used in traditional African medicine as an antidiabetic remedy. The amount of luteolin and vernodalol in leaf and root extracts was detected, and their role was studied regarding α-glucosidase activity, bovine serum albumin glycation (BSA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and cell viability, together with in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties. Vernodalol did not affect α-glucosidase activity, whereas luteolin did. Furthermore, luteolin inhibited the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas vernodalol did not reduce it. Additionally, luteolin exhibited high antiradical activity, while vernodalol demonstrated a lower scavenger effect, although similar to that of ascorbic acid. Both luteolin and vernodalol inhibited HT-29 cell viability, showing a half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 22.2 µM (-Log IC50 = 4.65 ± 0.05) and 5.7 µM (-Log IC50 = 5.24 ± 0.16), respectively. Finally, an in silico ADMET study showed that both compounds are suitable candidates as drugs, with appropriate pharmacokinetics. This research underlines for the first time the greater presence of vernodalol in VA roots compared to leaves, while luteolin is prevalent in the latter, suggesting that the former could be used as a natural source of vernodalol. Consequently, root extracts could be proposed for vernodalol-dependent antiproliferative activity, while leaf extracts could be suggested for luteolin-dependent effects, such as antioxidant and antidiabetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentina Stablum
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Pangrazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Eugenio Ragazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Guglielmina Froldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Sureshkumar J, Jenipher C, Sriramavaratharajan V, Gurav SS, Gandhi GR, Ravichandran K, Ayyanar M. Genus Equisetum L: Taxonomy, toxicology, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116630. [PMID: 37207877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The genus Equisetum (Equisetaceae) is cosmopolitan in distribution, with 41 recognized species. Several species of Equisetum are widely used in treating genitourinary and related diseases, inflammatory and rheumatic problems, hypertension, and wound healing in traditional medicine practices worldwide. This review intends to present information on the traditional uses, phytochemical components, pharmacological activities, and toxicity of Equisetum spp. and to analyze the new insights for further study. METHODS Relevant literature has been scanned and collected via various electronic repositories, including PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Springer Connect, and Science Online, from 1960 to 2022. RESULTS Sixteen Equisetum spp. were documented as widely used in traditional medicine practices by different ethnic groups throughout the world. A total of 229 chemical compounds were identified from Equisetum spp. with the major group of constituents being flavonol glycosides and flavonoids. The crude extracts and phytochemicals of Equisetum spp. exhibited significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerogenic, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and diuretic properties. A wide range of studies have also demonstrated the safety of Equisetum spp. CONCLUSION The reported pharmacological properties of Equisetum spp. support its use in traditional medicine, though there are gaps in understanding the traditional usage of these plants for clinical experiments. The documented information revealed that the genus is not only a great herbal remedy but also has several bioactives with the potential to be discovered as novel drugs. Detailed scientific investigation is still needed to fully understand the efficacy of this genus; hence, very few Equisetum spp. were studied in detail for phytochemical and pharmacological investigation. Moreover, its bioactives, structure-activity connection, in vivo activity, and associated mechanism of action ought to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sureshkumar
- Department of Botany, Sri Kaliswari College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University), Sivakasi, 626 123, India.
| | - C Jenipher
- Department of Botany, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Poondi, Thanjavur, 613 503, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - V Sriramavaratharajan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India.
| | - S S Gurav
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Goa College of Pharmacy, Panaji, Goa University, Goa, 403 001, India.
| | - G Rajiv Gandhi
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kalamaserry, Kochi, 683104, India.
| | - K Ravichandran
- Department of Physics, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Poondi, Thanjavur, 613 503, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - M Ayyanar
- Department of Botany, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Poondi, Thanjavur, 613 503, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Zhang W, Li D, Shan Y, Tao Y, Chen Q, Hu T, Gao M, Chen Z, Jiang H, Du C, Wang M, Guo K. Luteolin intake is negatively associated with all-cause and cardiac mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:59. [PMID: 36966325 PMCID: PMC10039598 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Luteolin, a common flavonoid in our daily diet, has potent anti-diabetic effects. However, its prognostic impact on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still uncertain. This study aimed to clarify this association. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, 2,461 patients with T2DM were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Dietary luteolin intake was estimated by the type and amount of food consumed in a 24-hour dietary recall. All-cause and cardiac mortality were ascertained by National Death Index Mortality data (as of December 31, 2019). The association of luteolin intake with mortality risk was estimated by Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) luteolin intake was 0.355 (0.130, 0.835) mg/day. During the follow-up (median, 8.4 years), 561 all-cause deaths (including 136 cardiac deaths) were documented. Per-unit increment of luteolin intake (natural logarithm transformed) was found to reduce all-cause mortality by 7.0% (P = 0.024) and cardiac mortality by 22.6% (P = 0.001) in patients with T2DM. An inverse dose-response association was identified between luteolin intake (range: 0.005-9.870 mg/day) and mortality risk. The consistent result was also shown when stratified by age, gender, race, body mass index, HbA1c level, and T2DM duration. Moreover, luteolin intake increment was also shown to be associated with a lower C-reactive protein level at baseline (β =-0.332; 95% CI =-0.541, -0.122). CONCLUSION The current study confirmed that the dietary luteolin intake increment reduced all-cause mortality (especially cardiac mortality) in patients with T2DM, which may be attributed to the anti-inflammatory property of luteolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Duanbin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Shan
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Yecheng Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianli Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Menghan Gao
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhezhe Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Hangpan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Changqin Du
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 People’s Republic of China
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Yoon HJ, Kang DH, Jin F, Bang JS, Sohn UD, Je HD. The Effect of Luteolin on the Modulation of Vascular Contractility via ROCK and CPI-17 Inactivation. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:193-199. [PMID: 36065763 PMCID: PMC9970840 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, we made a study of the efficacy of luteolin (a flavonoid found in plants such as vegetables, herbs and fruits) on vascular contractibility and to elucidate the mechanism underlying the relaxation. Isometric contractions of denuded muscles were stored and combined with western blot analysis which was conducted to assess the phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1 (MYPT1) and phosphorylation-dependent inhibitory protein for myosin phosphatase (CPI-17) and to examine the effect of luteolin on the RhoA/ROCK/CPI-17 pathway. Luteolin significantly alleviated phorbol ester-, fluoride- and thromboxane mimetic-elicited contractions regardless of endothelial nitric oxide synthesis, implying its direct effect on smooth muscle. It also significantly alleviated the fluoride-elicited elevation in pCPI-17 and pMYPT1 levels and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate-elicited increase in pERK1/2 level, suggesting depression of ROCK and PKC/MEK activity and ensuing phosphorylation of MYPT1, CPI-17 and ERK1/2. Taken together, these results suggest that luteolin-elicited relaxation includes myosin phosphatase reactivation and calcium desensitization, which seems to be arbitrated by CPI-17 dephosphorylation via ROCK/PKC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Jun Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hong Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Fanxue Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Seok Bang
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Uy Dong Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Dong Je
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Republic of Korea,Corresponding Author E-mail: , Tel: +82-53-850-3615, Fax: +82-53-359-6734
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Application Potential of Luteolin in the Treatment of Viral Pneumonia. J Food Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/1810503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Aim of the Review. This study aims to summarize the therapeutic effect of luteolin on the pathogenesis of viral pneumonia, explore its absorption and metabolism in the human body, evaluate the possibility of luteolin as a drug to treat viral pneumonia, and provide a reference for future research. Materials and Methods. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Google Scholar and collected research on luteolin in the treatment of viral pneumonia and related diseases since 2003. Then, we summarized the efficacy and potential of luteolin in directly inhibiting viral activity, limiting inflammatory storms, reducing pulmonary inflammation, and treating pneumonia complications. Results and Conclusion. Luteolin has the potential to treat viral pneumonia in multiple ways. Luteolin has a direct inhibitory effect on coronavirus, influenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus. Luteolin can alleviate the inflammatory factor storm induced by multiple factors by inhibiting the function of macrophages or mast cells. Luteolin can reduce pulmonary inflammation, pulmonary edema, or pulmonary fibrosis induced by multiple factors. In addition, viral pneumonia may cause multisystem complications, while luteolin has extensive protective effects on the gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. However, due to the first-pass metabolism mediated by phase II enzymes, the bioavailability of oral luteolin is low. The bioavailability of luteolin can be improved, and its potential value can be further developed by changing the dosage form or route of administration.
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Michalaki A, Karantonis HC, Kritikou AS, Thomaidis NS, Dasenaki ME. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Total Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation from Oregano ( Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum) Using Response Surface Methodology and Identification of Specific Phenolic Compounds with HPLC-PDA and Q-TOF-MS/MS. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052033. [PMID: 36903279 PMCID: PMC10004109 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oregano is native to the Mediterranean region and it has been reported to contain several phenolic compounds particularly flavonoids that have been related with multiple bioactivities towards certain diseases. Oregano is cultivated in the island of Lemnos where the climate promotes its growth and thus it could be further used in promoting local economy. The aim of the present study was to establish a methodology for the extraction of total phenolic content along with the antioxidant capacity of oregano by using response surface methodology. A Box-Behnken design was applied to optimize the extraction conditions with regard to the extraction time, temperature, and solvent mixture with the use of ultrasound-assisted extraction. For the optimized extracts, identification of the most abundant flavonoids (luteolin, kaempferol, and apigenin) was performed with an analytical HPLC-PDA and UPLC-Q-TOF MS methodology. The predicted optimal conditions of the statistical model were identified, and the predicted values confirmed. The linear factors evaluated, temperature, time, and ethanol concentration, all showed significant effect (p < 0.05), and the regression coefficient (R2) presented a good correlation between predicted and experimental data. Actual values under optimum conditions were 362.1 ± 1.8 and 108.6 ± 0.9 mg/g dry oregano with regard to total phenolic content and antioxidant activity based on 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, respectively. Additionally, further antioxidant activities by 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) (115.2 ± 1.2 mg/g dry oregano), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) (13.7 ± 0.8 mg/g dry oregano), and Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) (1.2 ± 0.2 mg/g dry oregano) assays were performed for the optimized extract. The extract acquired under the optimum conditions contain an adequate quantity of phenolic compounds that could be used in the production of functional foods by food enrichment procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afroditi Michalaki
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Biochemistry and Technology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of The Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (H.C.K.); Tel.: +30-225408311 (H.C.K.)
| | - Haralabos C. Karantonis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Biochemistry and Technology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of The Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (H.C.K.); Tel.: +30-225408311 (H.C.K.)
| | - Anastasia S. Kritikou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos S. Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Marilena E. Dasenaki
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
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Zhang K, Wang L, Peng J, Sangji K, Luo Y, Zeng Y, Zeweng Y, Fan G. Traditional Tibetan medicine to fight against COVID-19: Basic theory and therapeutic drugs. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1098253. [PMID: 36874035 PMCID: PMC9978713 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1098253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) has been rapidly spreading globally and has caused severe harm to the health of people and a substantial social burden. In response to this situation, experts around the world have considered various treatments, including the use of traditional medicine. Traditional Tibetan medicine (TTM), one of the traditional medicines in China, has played an important role in the treatment of infectious diseases in history. It has formed a solid theoretical foundation and accumulated rich experience in the treatment of infectious diseases. In this review, we provide a comprehensive introduction to the basic theory, treatment strategies, and commonly used drugs of TTM for the treatment of COVID-19. In addition, the efficacies and potential mechanisms of these TTM drugs against COVID-19 are discussed based on available experimental data. This review may provide important information for the basic research, clinical application and drug development of traditional medicines for the treatment of COVID-19 or other infectious diseases. More pharmacological studies are needed to reveal the therapeutic mechanisms and active ingredients of TTM drugs in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayan Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kangzhuo Sangji
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujiao Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongzhong Zeweng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Punia Bangar S, Kajla P, Chaudhary V, Sharma N, Ozogul F. Luteolin: A flavone with myriads of bioactivities and food applications. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Ntalouka F, Tsirivakou A. Luteolin: A promising natural agent in management of pain in chronic conditions. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1114428. [PMID: 36937566 PMCID: PMC10016360 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1114428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain due to chronic conditions is a frequent and insufficiently addressed problem. Current drug options for pain management (either in cases of chronic inflammatory conditions or neuropathy) do not adequately treat pain. Moreover, they are associated with important adverse events in long term use. Luteolin is a flavonoid widely present in the plant kingdom and its sources have been assembled in a comprehensive list of this paper. Luteolin has shown in several research studies a range of pharmacological properties; anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and analgesic. In this article, we summarize the effects and potential benefits from introducing luteolin as an adjuvant agent in established protocols for pain management. We review the most indicative in vivo and in vitro evidence of how luteolin can target the molecular pathways involved in pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. The data reviewed strongly support luteolin's promising benefits in pain management and raise the need for further clinical trials that can establish its role in clinical practice.
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Selected Seeds as Sources of Bioactive Compounds with Diverse Biological Activities. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010187. [PMID: 36615843 PMCID: PMC9823554 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Seeds contain a variety of phytochemicals that exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Plant-derived compounds are often investigated for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, anti-hypercholesterolemic, anti-hypertensive, anti-platelet, anti-apoptotic, anti-nociceptive, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, hepatoprotective, or neuroprotective properties. In this review, we have described the chemical content and biological activity of seeds from eight selected plant species-blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.), black raspberry (Rubus coreanus Miq.), grape (Vitis vinifera L.), Moringa oleifera Lam., sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Sprenger), hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), and sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L). This review is based on studies identified in electronic databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SCOPUS. Numerous preclinical, and some clinical studies have found that extracts, fractions, oil, flour, proteins, polysaccharides, or purified chemical compounds isolated from the seeds of these plants display promising, health-promoting effects, and could be utilized in drug development, or to make nutraceuticals and functional foods. Despite that, many of these properties have been studied only in vitro, and it's unsure if their effects would be relevant in vivo as well, so there is a need for more animal studies and clinical trials that would help determine if they could be applied in disease prevention or treatment.
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Asefa M, Teshome N, Degu A. Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activity of Methanolic Root Extract of Verbascum sinaiticum Benth. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:6381-6392. [PMID: 36444312 PMCID: PMC9700464 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s389430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pain in its various forms is undoubtedly the most common ailment known to human beings. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioid analgesics are widely used to treat pain. However, long-term use of NSAIDs and opioids causes serious adverse effects on various organs. As a result, looking for drugs with better efficacy and lesser adverse effects appears crucial. For this purpose the obvious search begins from traditional medicines, particularly herbs. Therefore, this study investigated analgesic and anti- inflammatory activity of 80% methanol root extract of Verbasicum sinaiticum Benth (VS) in vivo. METHODS The dried and crushed plant material was macerated with 80% methanol sequentially and dried with lyophilizer. As per the acute toxicity study conducted elsewhere, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses of extract were used in the acetic acid induced writhing, hot plate test, as well as carrageenan and formalin induced anti-inflammatory models. As a positive control, aspirin 150 mg/kg was used for anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory model and morphine 10 mg/kg was used for central analgesic models. RESULTS VS200 and VS400 doses of the extract significantly (p< 0.05) reduced acetic acid induced writhing as compared with the control group. Similarly in hot plate test also, both VS200 and VS400 groups demonstrated significant (p< 0.05 at 30 min and p< 0.001 at 60 and 120 min) analgesic effect in comparison with the control and VS100 groups. Furthermore, in carrageenan and formalin induced anti-inflammatory test both VS200 and VS400 were shown to produce significant (p< 0.05) anti-inflammatory effect at the later hours and days. CONCLUSION The findings from this study suggest that 80% methanol root extract of V. sinaiticum possesses peripheral and central analgesic as well as anti-inflammatory activity, possibly emanating from the phytochemicals present in the hydroalcoholic crude extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minda Asefa
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Nathnael Teshome
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abel Degu
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Hydroxyl-riched covalent organic framework for solid-phase microextraction of flavonoids aglycones or their metabolites in mice's plasma: Luteolin and quercetagetin as examples. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1681:463478. [PMID: 36099693 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a hydroxyl‑riched covalent organic framework (named COF-DES-1) was synthesized using 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene and 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalaldehyde as building blocks and employed as a coating of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber. Ascribed to the advantages (e.g. suitable pore size and rich functional group characteristics) of coating, the SPME fiber showed good adsorption capacities to flavonoids aglycones including luteolin and quercetagetin, and the maximum adsorption capacities for them were 145.31 µg and 84.75 µg, respectively. Due to the size exclusion property of COF-DES-1, SPME fiber showed good protein exclusion effects on seven selected proteins with high exclusion efficiencies (>93%). Accordingly, an attractive strategy of the combination of COF-DES-1 based SPME fiber and HPLC-MS/MS was proposed for the extraction and determination of luteolin, quercetagetin or their metabolites. The results revealed that the fiber can be effectively applied to extract luteolin and its metabolites, and quercetagetin from mice's palsma. Compared with the traditional protein precipitation methods, the extraction effects of SPME fiber based extraction method were much better, indicating the promising applicability of the fiber for the enrichment of flavonoids aglycones or their metabolites in biological samples.
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Kampa RP, Flori L, Sęk A, Spezzini J, Brogi S, Szewczyk A, Calderone V, Bednarczyk P, Testai L. Luteolin-Induced Activation of Mitochondrial BK Ca Channels: Undisclosed Mechanism of Cytoprotection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1892. [PMID: 36290615 PMCID: PMC9598376 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteolin (LUT) is a well-known flavonoid that exhibits a number of beneficial properties. Among these, it shows cardioprotective effects, as confirmed by numerous studies. However, its effect on mitochondrial potassium channels, the activation of which is related to cytoprotection, as well as on heart ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage prevention, has not yet been investigated. The large conductance calcium-regulated potassium channel (mitoBKCa) has been identified in both the mitochondria of the vascular endothelial cells, which plays a significant role in the functioning of the cardiovascular system under oxidative stress-related conditions, and in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes, where it is deeply involved in cardiac protection against I/R injury. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the role of the mitoBKCa channel in luteolin-induced cytoprotection. A number of in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo and in silico studies have confirmed that luteolin activates this channel in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, which in turn leads to the protection of the endothelium and a significant reduction in the extent of damage resulting from myocardial infarction, where this effect was partially abolished by the mitoBKCa channel blocker paxilline. In conclusion, these results suggest that luteolin has cardioprotective effects, at least in part, through the activation of the mitoBKCa channel, shedding light on a new putative mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał P. Kampa
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Aleksandra Sęk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacopo Spezzini
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW (WULS-SGGW), 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 6 via Bonanno Pisano, 56120 Pisa, Italy
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