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Li D, Wang J, Tuo Z, Yoo KH, Yu Q, Miyamoto A, Zhang C, Ye X, Wei W, Wu R, Feng D. Natural products and derivatives in renal, urothelial and testicular cancers: Targeting signaling pathways and therapeutic potential. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155503. [PMID: 38490077 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products have demonstrated significant potential in cancer drug discovery, particularly in renal cancer (RCa), urothelial carcinoma (UC), and testicular cancer (TC). PURPOSE This review aims to examine the effects of natural products on RCa, UC and TC. STUDY DESIGN systematic review METHODS: PubMed and Web of Science databases were retrieved to search studies about the effects of natural products and derivatives on these cancers. Relevant publications in the reference list of enrolled studies were also checked. RESULTS This review highlighted their diverse impacts on key aspects such as cell growth, apoptosis, metastasis, therapy response, and the immune microenvironment. Natural products not only hold promise for novel drug development but also enhance the efficacy of existing chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Importantly, we exert their effects through modulation of critical pathways and target genes, including the PI3K/AKT pathway, NF-κB pathway, STAT pathway and MAPK pathway, among others in RCa, UC, and TC. CONCLUSION These mechanistic insights provide valuable guidance for researchers, facilitating the selection of promising natural products for cancer management and offering potential avenues for further gene regulation studies in the context of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengxiong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhouting Tuo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Koo Han Yoo
- Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University, South Korea
| | - Qingxin Yu
- Department of pathology, Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis Center, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, 315211, China
| | - Akira Miyamoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, West Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Xing Ye
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Wuran Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ruicheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Dechao Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China.
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Wei Z, Gu X, Zhang J, Chen Y, Jiang T, Hu D, Miao M, Zhou H, Cheng R, Teichmann AT, Yang Y. Beneficial biological effects of Flavokawain A, a chalcone constituent from kava, on surgically induced endometriosis rat model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116896. [PMID: 37437790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shrub kava has long been grown and utilized, primarily in the South Pacific region, for ceremonial, religious, and social occasions. It has been used as a pain reliever and muscle relaxant in medicinal practices from the eighteenth century. Interestingly, relatively low incidence of lung cancer may attribute to the high consumption of kava products in this region. AIM OF THE STUDY Kava extracts were used to produce the kava chalcones Flavokawain A, B and C, which have a variety of bioactivities. In the present study, we show that Flavokawain A has positive effects on endometriosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The endometriosis rat model was surgically induced by the autologous transplantation of endometrial tissue. Rats were evaluated for clinical ratings and lesion volume following a 6-week Flavokawain A therapy. Peritoneal fluid and blood samples were taken and ELISA assay was used to measure the cytokines and chemokines levels. Transcriptional and expression levels of Akt, PI3K, NF-kB, iNOS, Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 were evaluated by Western blotting and RT-qPCR. Implanted tissue sections of the rats were also analyzed by immunofluorescent and histopathological staining. RESULTS Lesion volumes and adhesion scores were successfully decreased. Blood and peritoneal fluid levels of associated cytokines and chemokines were markedly down-regulated. Besides, Flavokawain A also mediated cell apoptosis of endometrial implants. Additionally, VEGF expression was reduced, which inhibited the angiogenesis process. As for the expression of Akt, p-Akt, PI3K, p-PI3K, and NF-kB in endometriosis lesions, Flavokawain A significantly reduced them. CONCLUSION Flavokawain A has beneficial effects on the surgically induced endometriosis rat model, by reducing inflammation, promoting apoptosis, and decreasing angiogenesis. Our findings suggest that these effects may be mediated through the regulation of PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wei
- Division of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science and Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Minato City, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Xia Gu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Jinrui Zhang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, PR China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Daifeng Hu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Mengyue Miao
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Chengdu Good Doctor Chaoyue Biomedical Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Alexander Tobias Teichmann
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China.
| | - Youzhe Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China; Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, PR China.
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Xiao T, Gao D, Gu X, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, He Y, Wei L, Li H, Zhou H, Yang C. Flavokawain A ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β signaling pathway and CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:175981. [PMID: 37579968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive fibrotic lung disease characterized by myofibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition that has a high mortality rate and limited therapeutic options. Flavokawain A(FKA) is the major component of chalcone in kava extract. FKA has been reported to inhibit TGF-β1-induced cardiomyocyte fibrosis by suppressing ROS production in A7r5 cells, but the role and mechanism of FKA in pulmonary fibrosis are unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effect of FKA on pulmonary fibrosis using an animal model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and showed that FKA alleviated the development of pulmonary fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner and improved lung function as well as collagen deposition and extracellular matrix accumulation in mice. In vitro studies showed that FKA inhibited myofibroblast activation and lung fibrosis progression by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad signaling in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we identified CXCL12 as a potential target of FKA through target prediction. Molecular docking, CETSA(cellular thermal displacement assay) and silver staining assays further demonstrated that FKA could interact with CXCL12 and that FKA could inhibit CXCL12 dimerization in vitro. Further analysis revealed that FKA could inhibit fibroblast activation and reduce extracellular matrix (ECM) production and collagen deposition by blocking CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling, and knocking down CXCR4 expression could weaken the inhibitory effect of FKA on CXCL12/CXCR4 signal transduction. In conclusion, our study showed that FKA inhibited CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling by inhibiting CXCL12 dimerization, blocked the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway and inhibited the TGF-β1-mediated signaling pathway to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis, and FKA is a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
| | - Dandi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Xiaoting Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
| | - Yanping Zhang
- The Second Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China
| | - Yiming He
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Luqing Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, No. 7 Beiyi Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300400, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, No. 7 Beiyi Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300400, China.
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
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Woon CK, Ahmad FB, Zamakshshari NH. Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Piper as Anticancer Agents: A Review. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300166. [PMID: 37515318 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has become the primary cause of death worldwide, and anticancer drugs are used to combat this disease. Synthesis of anticancer drugs has limited success due to adverse side effects has made compounds from natural products with minimal toxicity gain much popularity. Piper species are known to have a biological effect on human health. The biological activity is due to Piper species rich with active secondary metabolites that can combat most diseases, including cancer. This review will discuss the phytochemistry of Piper species and their anticancer activity. The identification and characterization of ten active metabolites isolated from Piper species were discussed in detail and their anticancer mechanism. These metabolites were mainly found could inhibit anticancer through caspase and P38/JNK pathways. The findings discussed in this review support the therapeutic potential of Piper species against cancer due to their rich source of active metabolites with demonstrated anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choy Ker Woon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia
| | | | - Nor Hisam Zamakshshari
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia
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Michalkova R, Mirossay L, Kello M, Mojzisova G, Baloghova J, Podracka A, Mojzis J. Anticancer Potential of Natural Chalcones: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10354. [PMID: 37373500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no doubt that significant progress has been made in tumor therapy in the past decades. However, the discovery of new molecules with potential antitumor properties still remains one of the most significant challenges in the field of anticancer therapy. Nature, especially plants, is a rich source of phytochemicals with pleiotropic biological activities. Among a plethora of phytochemicals, chalcones, the bioprecursors of flavonoid and isoflavonoids synthesis in higher plants, have attracted attention due to the broad spectrum of biological activities with potential clinical applications. Regarding the antiproliferative and anticancer effects of chalcones, multiple mechanisms of action including cell cycle arrest, induction of different forms of cell death and modulation of various signaling pathways have been documented. This review summarizes current knowledge related to mechanisms of antiproliferative and anticancer effects of natural chalcones in different types of malignancies including breast cancers, cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, lung cancers, renal and bladder cancers, and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Michalkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Gabriela Mojzisova
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Janette Baloghova
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Anna Podracka
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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Wenzel CK, von Montfort C, Ebbert L, Klahm NP, Reichert AS, Stahl W, Brenneisen P. The natural chalcone cardamonin selectively induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2023:105625. [PMID: 37268255 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial malignant tumor in childhood. Approximately 60% of all patients are classified as high-risk and require intensive treatment including non-selective chemotherapeutic agents leading to severe side effects. Recently, phytochemicals like the natural chalcone cardamonin (CD) have gained attention in cancer research. For the first time, we investigated the selective anti-cancer effects of CD in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells compared to healthy (normal) fibroblasts (NHDF). Our study revealed selective and dose-dependent cytotoxicity of CD in SH-SY5Y. The natural chalcone CD specifically altered the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), as an early marker of apoptosis, in human neuroblastoma cells. Caspase activity was also selectively induced and the amount of cleaved caspase substrates such as PARP was thus increased in human neuroblastoma cells. CD-mediated apoptotic cell death was rescued by pan caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. The natural chalcone CD selectively induced apoptosis, the programmed cell death, in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells whereas NHDF being a model for normal (healthy) cells were unaffected. Our data indicates a clinical potential of CD in the more selective and less harmful treatment of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal-Kristin Wenzel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Claudia von Montfort
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lara Ebbert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niklas P Klahm
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Stahl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Brenneisen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Xiao T, Bao J, Tian J, Lin R, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, He Y, Gao D, Sun R, Zhang F, Cheng Y, Shaletanati J, Zhou H, Xie C, Yang C. Flavokawain A suppresses the vasculogenic mimicry of HCC by inhibiting CXCL12 mediated EMT. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154687. [PMID: 36804756 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma has high ability of vascular invasion and metastasis. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is closely related to the metastasis and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). According to previous research, Chloranthus henryi has anti-tumor effect, but its molecular mechanism in the treatment of HCC has not yet been stated. PURPOSE In our study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the extract of Chloranthus henryi in HCC and its target and molecular mechanism. We hoped to explore potential drugs for HCC treatment. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS In this study, we isolated a chalcone compound from Chloranthus henryi, compound 4, identified as flavokawain A (FKA). We determined the anti-HCC effect of FKA by MTT and identified the target of FKA by molecular docking and CETSA. Hepatoma cells proliferation, migration, invasion, and VM formation were examined using EDU, wound healing, transwell, vasculogenic mimicry, and IF. WB, RT-PCR, and cell transfection were used to explore the mechanism of FKA on hepatoma cells. Tissue section staining is mainly used to demonstrate the effect of FKA on HCC in vivo. RESULTS We confirmed that FKA can directly interact with CXCL12 and HCC proliferation, migration, invasion, and VM formation were all inhibited through reversing the EMT progress in vitro and in vivo through the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, by overexpressing and knocking down CXCL12, we got the same results. CONCLUSION FKA attenuated proliferation, invasion and metastatic and reversed EMT in HCC via PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α/NF-κB/Twist1 pathway by targeting CXCL12. This study proposed that FKA may be a candidate drug and prospective strategy for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China.
| | - Jiali Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Jiao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China.
| | - Rong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yiming He
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Dandi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ronghao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Fubo Zhang
- Organ Transplantation Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yexin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Jiadelati Shaletanati
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Chunfeng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Xu X, Tian X, Song L, Xie J, Liao JC, Meeks JJ, Wu XR, Gin GE, Wang B, Uchio E, Zi X. Kawain Inhibits Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis through Epigenetic Inhibition of LSD1 and Upregulation of H3K4 Methylation. Biomolecules 2023; 13:521. [PMID: 36979456 PMCID: PMC10046577 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence suggests that kava (Piper methysticum Forst) drinks may reduce the risk of cancer in South Pacific Island smokers. However, little is known about the anti-carcinogenic effects of kava on tobacco smoking-related bladder cancer and its underlying mechanisms. Here we show that dietary feeding of kawain (a major active component in kava root extracts) to mice either before or after hydroxy butyl(butyl) nitrosamine (OH-BBN) carcinogen exposure slows down urinary bladder carcinogenesis and prolongs the survival of the OH-BBN-exposed mice. OH-BBN-induced bladder tumors exhibit significantly increased expression of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), accompanied by decreased levels of H3K4 mono-methylation compared to normal bladder epithelium, whereas dietary kawain reverses the effects of OH-BBN on H3K4 mono-methylation. Human bladder cancer tumor tissues at different pathological grades also show significantly increased expression of LSD1 and decreased levels of H3K4 mono-methylation compared to normal urothelium. In addition, kava root extracts and the kavalactones kawain and methysticin all increase the levels of H3K4 mono- and di-methylation, leading to inhibitory effects on cell migration. Taken together, our results suggest that modification of histone lysine methylation may represent a new approach to bladder cancer prevention and treatment and that kavalactones may be promising agents for bladder cancer interception in both current and former smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xu
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - Xuejiao Tian
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - Liankun Song
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - Joseph C. Liao
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Joshua J. Meeks
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 820 S Damen Ave, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Xue-Ru Wu
- Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Greg E. Gin
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
| | - Beverly Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Edward Uchio
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Xiaolin Zi
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
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Chen Q, Ruan D, Shi J, Du D, Bian C. The multifaceted roles of natural products in mitochondrial dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1093038. [PMID: 36860298 PMCID: PMC9968749 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1093038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary source of energy production in cells, supporting the metabolic demand of tissue. The dysfunctional mitochondria are implicated in various diseases ranging from neurodegeneration to cancer. Therefore, regulating dysfunctional mitochondria offers a new therapeutic opportunity for diseases with mitochondrial dysfunction. Natural products are pleiotropic and readily obtainable sources of therapeutic agents, which have broad prospects in new drug discovery. Recently, many mitochondria-targeting natural products have been extensively studied and have shown promising pharmacological activity in regulating mitochondrial dysfunction. Hence, we summarize recent advances in natural products in targeting mitochondria and regulating mitochondrial dysfunction in this review. We discuss natural products in terms of their mechanisms on mitochondrial dysfunction, including modulating mitochondrial quality control system and regulating mitochondrial functions. In addition, we describe the future perspective and challenges in the development of mitochondria-targeting natural products, emphasizing the potential value of natural products in mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiayan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongru Du
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Liu Z, Song L, Xie J, Wu XR, Gin GE, Wang B, Uchio E, Zi X. Kavalactone Kawain Impedes Urothelial Tumorigenesis in UPII-Mutant Ha-Ras Mice via Inhibition of mTOR Signaling and Alteration of Cancer Metabolism. Molecules 2023; 28:1666. [PMID: 36838656 PMCID: PMC9966944 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
UPII-mutant Ha-ras transgenic mice develop urothelial hyperplasia and low-grade papillary carcinoma, which mimics human non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). We investigated the effects and mechanisms of kawain, a main kavalactone in the kava plant, on oncogenic Ha-ras-driven urothelial carcinoma in these mice. The mice were fed at six weeks of age with vehicle control or kawain (6 g/kg) formulated food for approximately five months. Seventy-eight percent of the mice or more fed with kawain food survived more than six months of age, whereas only 32% control food-fed male mice survived, (p = 0.0082). The mean wet bladder weights (a surrogate for tumor burden) of UPII-mutant Ha-ras transgenic mice with kawain diet was decreased by approximately 56% compared to those fed with the control diet (p = 0.035). The kawain diet also significantly reduced the occurrence of hydronephrosis and hematuria in UPII-mutant Ha-ras transgenic mice. Histological examination and immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that vehicle control-treated mice displayed more urothelial carcinoma and Ki67-positive cells in the bladder compared to kawain treated mice. Global metabolic profiling of bladder tumor samples from mice fed with kawain food showed significantly more enrichment of serotonin and less abundance of xylulose, prostaglandin A2, D2 and E2 compared to those from control diet-fed mice, suggesting decreased shunting of glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and reduced inflammation. In addition, kawain selectively inhibited the growth of human bladder cancer cell lines with a significant suppression of 4E-BP1 expression and rpS6 phosphorylation. These observations indicate a potential impact of kawain consumption on bladder cancer prevention by rewiring the metabolic programs of the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbo Liu
- Department of Urology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - Liankun Song
- Department of Urology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Urology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - Xue-Ru Wu
- Department of Urology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Greg E. Gin
- Department of Urology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
| | - Beverly Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - Edward Uchio
- Department of Urology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - Xiaolin Zi
- Department of Urology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
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11
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Gazdova M, Michalkova R, Kello M, Vilkova M, Kudlickova Z, Baloghova J, Mirossay L, Mojzis J. Chalcone-Acridine Hybrid Suppresses Melanoma Cell Progression via G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest, DNA Damage, Apoptosis, and Modulation of MAP Kinases Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12266. [PMID: 36293123 PMCID: PMC9603750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was focused on investigating the antiproliferative effects of chalcone hybrids in melanoma cancer cells. Among seven chalcone hybrids, the chalcone-acridine hybrid 1C was the most potent and was selected for further antiproliferative mechanism studies. This in vitro study revealed the potent antiproliferative effect of 1C via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. Cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase was associated with modulation of expression or phosphorylation of specific cell cycle-associated proteins (cyclin B1, p21, and ChK1), tubulins, as well as with the activation of the DNA damage response pathway. Chalcone 1C also induced apoptosis accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction evidenced by a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, increase in Bax/Bcl-xL ratio and cytochrome c release followed by caspase 3/7 activation. In addition, increased phosphorylation of MAP kinases (Erk1/2, p38 and JNK) was observed in chalcone 1C-treated melanoma cells. The strong antiproliferative activities of this chalcone-acridine hybrid suggest that it may be useful as an antimelanoma agent in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gazdova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Radka Michalkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Maria Vilkova
- NMR Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kudlickova
- NMR Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Janette Baloghova
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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12
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Liu S, Liu Z, Piao C, Zhang Z, Kong C, Yin L, Liu X. Flavokawain A is a natural inhibitor of PRMT5 in bladder cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:293. [PMID: 36199122 PMCID: PMC9533510 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02500-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) regulate protein biological activity by modulating arginine methylation in cancer and are increasingly recognized as potential drug targets. Inhibitors targeting PRMTs are currently in the early phases of clinical trials and more candidate drugs are needed. Flavokawain A (FKA), extracted from kava plant, has been recognized as a potential chemotherapy drug in bladder cancer (BC), but its action mechanism remains unclear. METHODS We first determined the role of a type II PRMT, PRMT5, in BC tissue samples and performed cytological experiments. We then utilized bioinformatics tools, including computational simulation, virtual screening, molecular docking, and energy analysis, to identify the potential use of PRMT5 inhibitors for BC treatment. In vitro and in vivo co-IP and mutation assays were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of PRMT5 inhibitor. Pharmacology experiments like bio-layer interferometry, CETSA, and pull-down assays were further used to provide direct evidence of the complex binding process. RESULTS Among PRMTs, PRMT5 was identified as a therapeutic target for BC. PRMT5 expression in BC was correlated with poor prognosis and manipulating its expression could affect cancer cell growth. Through screening and extensive experimental validation, we recognized that a natural product, FKA, was a small new inhibitor molecule for PRMT5. We noticed that the product could inhibit the action of BC, in vitro and in vivo, by inhibiting PRMT5. We further demonstrated that FKA blocks the symmetric arginine dimethylation of histone H2A and H4 by binding to Y304 and F580 of PRMT5. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our research strongly suggests that PRMT5 is a potential epigenetic therapeutic target in bladder cancer, and that FKA can be used as a targeted inhibitor of PRMT5 for the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjie Liu
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Zhuonan Liu
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Chiyuan Piao
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Chuize Kong
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Lei Yin
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Xi Liu
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
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13
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Pharmacological Small Molecules against Prostate Cancer by Enhancing Function of Death Receptor 5. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15081029. [PMID: 36015177 PMCID: PMC9413322 DOI: 10.3390/ph15081029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Death receptor 5 (DR5) is a membrane protein that mediates exogenous apoptosis. Based on its function, it is considered to be a target for the treatment of cancers including prostate cancer. It is encouraging to note that a number of drugs targeting DR5 are now progressing to different stages of clinical trial studies. We collected 38 active compounds that could produce anti-prostate-cancer effects by modulating DR5, 28 of which were natural compounds and 10 of which were synthetic compounds. In addition, 6 clinically used chemotherapeutic agents have also been shown to promote DR5 expression and thus exert apoptosis-inducing effects in prostate cancer cells. These compounds promote the expression of DR5, thereby enhancing its function in inducing apoptosis. When these compounds were used in combination with the natural ligand of DR5, the number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased. These compounds are all promising for development as anti-prostate-cancer drugs, while most of these compounds are currently being evaluated for their anti-prostate-cancer effects at the cellular level and in animal studies. A great deal of more in-depth research is needed to evaluate whether they can be developed as drugs. We collected literature reports on small molecules against prostate cancer through modulation of DR5 to understand the current dynamics in this field and to evaluate the prospects of small molecules against prostate cancer through modulation of DR5.
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14
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Song L, Mino M, Yamak J, Nguyen V, Lopez D, Pham V, Fazelpour A, Le V, Fu D, Tippin M, Uchio E, Zi X. Flavokawain A Reduces Tumor-Initiating Properties and Stemness of Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:943846. [PMID: 35912174 PMCID: PMC9326116 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.943846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated the in vivo chemopreventive efficacy of flavokawain A (FKA), a novel chalcone from the kava plant, in prostate carcinogenesis models. However, the mechanisms of the anticarcinogenic effects of FKA remain largely unknown. We evaluated the effect of FKA on prostate tumor spheroid formation by prostate cancer stem cells, which were sorted out from CD44+/CD133+ prostate cancer cells 22Rv1 and DU145. FKA treatment significantly decreased both the size and numbers of the tumor spheroids over different generations of spheroid passages. In addition, the dietary feeding of FKA-formulated food to Nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice bearing CD44+/CD133+ 22Rv1 xenograft tumors resulted in a significant reduction of tumor growth compared to those fed with vehicle control food–fed mice. Furthermore, the expression of stem cell markers, such as Nanog, Oct4, and CD44, were markedly downregulated in both tumor spheroids and tumor tissues. We also observed that FKA inhibits Ubc12 neddylation, c-Myc, and keratin-8 expression in both CD44+/CD133+ prostate tumor spheroids and xenograft tumors. Our results suggest that FKA can reduce the tumor-initiating properties and stemness of prostate cancer, which provides a new mechanism for the chemoprevention efficacy of FKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liankun Song
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
| | - Merci Mino
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
| | - Jana Yamak
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
| | - Vyvyan Nguyen
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
| | - Derron Lopez
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
| | - Victor Pham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Ali Fazelpour
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
| | - Vinh Le
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
| | - Dongjun Fu
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
| | - Matthew Tippin
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
| | - Edward Uchio
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Xiaolin Zi
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Xiaolin Zi,
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15
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An Updated Review on the Psychoactive, Toxic and Anticancer Properties of Kava. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144039. [PMID: 35887801 PMCID: PMC9315573 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Kava (Piper methysticum) has been widely consumed for many years in the South Pacific Islands and displays psychoactive properties, especially soothing and calming effects. This plant has been used in Western countries as a natural anxiolytic in recent decades. Kava has also been used to treat symptoms associated with depression, menopause, insomnia, and convulsions, among others. Along with its putative beneficial health effects, kava has been associated with liver injury and other toxic effects, including skin toxicity in heavy consumers, possibly related to its metabolic profile or interference in the metabolism of other xenobiotics. Kava extracts and kavalactones generally displayed negative results in genetic toxicology assays although there is sufficient evidence for carcinogenicity in experimental animals, most likely through a non-genotoxic mode of action. Nevertheless, the chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive potential of kava against cancer has also been suggested. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have evaluated the effects of flavokavains, kavalactones and/or kava extracts in different cancer models, showing the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and other antiproliferative effects in several types of cancer, including breast, prostate, bladder, and lung. Overall, in this scoping review, several aspects of kava efficacy and safety are discussed and some pertinent issues related to kava consumption are identified.
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16
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Design, synthesis, anticancer evaluation and molecular docking studies of new imidazo [2, 1-b] thiazole -based chalcones. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02916-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Batista AS, Oliveira SDS, Pomel S, Commere PH, Mazan V, Lee M, Loiseau PM, Rossi-Bergmann B, Prina E, Duval R. Targeting chalcone binding sites in living Leishmania using a reversible fluorogenic benzochalcone probe. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112784. [PMID: 35299122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones (1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ones) either natural or synthetic have a plethora of biological properties including antileishmanial activities, but their development as drugs is hampered by their largely unknown mechanisms of action. We demonstrate herein that our previously described benzochalcone fluorogenic probe (HAB) could be imaged by fluorescence microscopy in live Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes where it targeted the parasite acidocalcisomes, lysosomes and the mitochondrion. As in the live zebrafish model, HAB formed yellow-emitting fluorescent complexes when associated with biological targets in Leishmania. Further, we used HAB as a reversible probe to study the binding of a portfolio of diverse chalcones and analogues in live promastigotes, using a combination of competitive flow cytometry analysis and cell microscopy. This pharmacological evaluation suggested that the binding of HAB in promastigotes was representative of chalcone pharmacology in Leishmania, with certain exogenous chalcones exhibiting competitive inhibition (ca. 20-30%) towards HAB whereas non-chalconic inhibitors showed weak capacity (ca. 3-5%) to block the probe intracellular binding. However, this methodology was restricted by the strong toxicity of several competing chalcones at high concentration, in conjunction with the limited sensitivity of the HAB fluorophore. This advocates for further optimization of this undirect target detection strategy using pharmacophore-derived reversible fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane S Batista
- Nanotechnology Engineering Program, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia - COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil
| | | | - Sébastien Pomel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Valérie Mazan
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, ECPM, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Moses Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA
| | | | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eric Prina
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, INSERM U1201, Paris, France
| | - Romain Duval
- Université de Paris, IRD, MERIT, F-75006 Paris, France.
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18
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Sroor FM, Mohamed MF, Abdullah GK, Mahrous KF, Zoheir KMA, Ibrahim SA, Elwahy AHM, Abdelhamid IA. Anticancer Activity of New Bis-(3-(Thiophen-2-yl)-1 H-Pyrazol-4-yl)Chalcones: Synthesis, in-Silico, and in-Vitro Studies. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2046616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farid M. Sroor
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magda F. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Branch), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghada Khaled Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Branch), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | | | - Sherif A. Ibrahim
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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19
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Liu Z, Song L, Xie J, Simoneau AR, Uchio E, Zi X. Chemoprevention of Urothelial Cell Carcinoma Tumorigenesis by Dietary Flavokawain A in UPII-Mutant Ha-ras Transgenic Mice. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:496. [PMID: 35335874 PMCID: PMC8955676 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has one of the highest recurrence rates among all solid cancers and the highest lifetime treatment cost per patient. Therefore, the development of chemoprevention strategies for reducing the occurrence and recurrence of NMIBC as well as its burdens on the healthcare system is valuable. Our aim was to determine whether flavokawain A (FKA), a kava chalcone isolated from the kava plant, can target the in vivo activated Ha-ras pathway for prevention and treatment of NMIBC. UPII-mutant Ha-ras transgenic mice that develop papillary urothelial cell carcinoma were fed orally with vehicle control or FKA-formulated food for 6 months starting at 6 weeks of age. Seventy-nine percent (15/19) of male mice fed with 6 g FKA per kilogram (kg) of food survived beyond the 6 months of treatment, while 31.6% (6/19) of control food-fed male mice survived the 6-month treatment period (p = 0.02). The mean bladder weights in FKA vs. control food-fed mice were 0.216 ± 0.033 vs. 0.342 ± 0.039 g in male mice (p = 0.0413) and 0.043 ± 0.004 vs. 0.073 ± 0.004 g in female mice (p < 0.0001); FKA reduced bladder weight by 37% and 41%, respectively. The tumor burdens, determined by the wet bladder weight, in these mice were inversely related to plasma FKA concentrations. In addition to decreased bladder weight, FKA treatment significantly reduced the incidences of hydronephrosis and hematuria. FKA-treated mice exhibited more well-differentiated tumors in the bladder and ureter. Immunohistochemical analysis of FKA-treated tumors compared to those in the control group revealed fewer Ki-67- and survivin-positive cells and an increased number of p27- and TUNEL-positive cells, indicating that FKA inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis. Overall, the results suggest that FKA can target the in vivo activated Ha-ras pathway for the prevention and treatment of NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbo Liu
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (Z.L.); (L.S.); (J.X.); (A.R.S.); (E.U.)
| | - Liankun Song
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (Z.L.); (L.S.); (J.X.); (A.R.S.); (E.U.)
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (Z.L.); (L.S.); (J.X.); (A.R.S.); (E.U.)
| | - Anne R. Simoneau
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (Z.L.); (L.S.); (J.X.); (A.R.S.); (E.U.)
| | - Edward Uchio
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (Z.L.); (L.S.); (J.X.); (A.R.S.); (E.U.)
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Xiaolin Zi
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (Z.L.); (L.S.); (J.X.); (A.R.S.); (E.U.)
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
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20
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Park KH, Joo SH, Seo JH, Kim J, Yoon G, Jeon YJ, Lee MH, Chae JI, Kim WK, Shim JH. Licochalcone H Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Skin Cancer Cells by Modulating JAK2/STAT3 Signaling. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2022; 30:72-79. [PMID: 34873073 PMCID: PMC8724845 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2021.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone H (LCH) is a phenolic compound synthetically derived from licochalcone C (LCC) that exerts anticancer activity. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of LCH in human skin cancer A375 and A431 cells. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) cell viability assay was used to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of LCH. Cell cycle distribution and the induction of apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting assays were performed to detect the levels of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. LCH inhibited the growth of cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. The annexin V/propidium iodide double staining assay revealed that LCH induced apoptosis, and the LCH-induced apoptosis was accompanied by cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. Western blot analysis showed that the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 was decreased by treatment with LCH. The inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway by pharmacological inhibitors against JAK2/STAT3 (cryptotanshinone (CTS) and S3I-201) simulated the antiproliferative effect of LCH suggesting that LCH induced apoptosis by modulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ho Park
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Seo
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jumi Kim
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joo Jeon
- Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Keun Kim
- Biosystem Research Group, Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea.,The China -US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
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Ghosh A, Panda CK. Role of Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Acids in the Treatment of Bladder Cancer. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:1331-1340. [PMID: 34719363 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666211022145052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer carries a poor prognosis and has proven resistance to chemotherapy. Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Acids (PTAs) are natural bioactive compounds that have a well-known impact on cancer research because of their cytotoxic and chemopreventive activities. This review focuses on bladder cancer which can no longer be successfully treated by DNA damaging drugs. Unlike most of the existing drugs against bladder cancer, PTAs are non-toxic to normal cells. Collecting findings from both in vitro and in vivo studies, it has been concluded that PTAs may serve as promising agents in future bladder cancer therapy. In this review, the roles of various PTAs in bladder cancer have been explored, and their mechanisms of action in the treatment of bladder cancer have been described. Specific PTAs have been shortlisted from each of the chief skeletons of pentacyclic triterpenoids, which could be effective against bladder cancer because of their mode of action. This review thereby throws light on the multi targets and mechanisms of PTAs, which are responsible for their selective anticancer effects and provides guidelines for further research and development of new natural antitumor compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Ghosh
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata. India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata. India
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22
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Teixeira da Silva T, Braga Martins J, Do Socorro de Brito Lopes M, de Almeida PM, Silva Sá JL, Alline Martins F. Modulating effect of DL-kavain on the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity induced by doxorubicin in Drosophila melanogaster. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:769-782. [PMID: 34176449 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1942354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Kavain, kavalactone, present in Piper methysticum exhibits anticonvulsive, analgesic, anxiolytic, antiepileptic, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Given its importance, the aim of the present study was to assess (1) the mutagenic and carcinogenicity of kavain administered alone and (2) the antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic potential when administered simultaneously with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DXR) using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) and Epithelial Tumor Test (ETT) using Drosophila melanogaster as a model system. Third-stage larvae from a standard (ST) and high metabolic bioactivation (HB) crosses were treated with different kavain concentrations (32, 64 or 128 μg/ml), alone or in conjunction with DXR (0.125 mg/ml). In ST descendants, kavain produced no significant mutagenic or recombinogenic effects. In the HB cross, mutagenic activity was observed at kavain concentrations of 64 and 128 μg/ml. In the DXR and kavain co-treatment, a modulating effect of the DXR-mediated mutagenic response dependent upon the concentration was detected in both crosses. In ETT, no marked carcinogenic or anticarcinogenic activity was noted for kavain. However, when kavain was combined with DXR synergistic induction of tumors by the chemotherapeutic drug occurred indicating that kavain enhanced the carcinogenic action of DXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Teixeira da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, State Post-Graduation Program in Chemistry, University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics, Center for Natural Sciences, State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Júlia Braga Martins
- Laboratory of Genetics, Center for Natural Sciences, State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Marcos de Almeida
- Laboratory of Genetics, Center for Natural Sciences, State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Health Sciences Center, State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Silva Sá
- Department of Chemistry, State Post-Graduation Program in Chemistry, University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francielle Alline Martins
- Department of Chemistry, State Post-Graduation Program in Chemistry, University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics, Center for Natural Sciences, State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
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23
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Peppers: A "Hot" Natural Source for Antitumor Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061521. [PMID: 33802144 PMCID: PMC8002096 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Piper, Capsicum, and Pimenta are the main genera of peppers consumed worldwide. The traditional use of peppers by either ancient civilizations or modern societies has raised interest in their biological applications, including cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects. Cellular responses upon treatment with isolated pepper-derived compounds involve mechanisms of cell death, especially through proapoptotic stimuli in tumorigenic cells. In this review, we highlight naturally occurring secondary metabolites of peppers with cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines. Available mechanisms of cell death, as well as the development of analogues, are also discussed.
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Li X, Song L, Xu S, Tippin M, Meng S, Xie J, Uchio E, Zi X. Kava root extracts hinder prostate cancer development and tumorigenesis by involvement of dual inhibition of MAO-A and LSD1. JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL GENETICS AND GENOMICS 2021; 5:163-172. [PMID: 34368644 PMCID: PMC8341175 DOI: 10.20517/jtgg.2021.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Here, we aim to evaluate the chemopreventive efficacy of kava root extracts (KRE) in transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice and investigate potential molecular targets of kavalactones, the main components of kava. METHODS TRAMP mice were administrated with KRE formulated food for different periods of time, and then the incidences of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN) and adenocarcinomas and tumor burdens were compared between vehicle control and KRE food fed groups. In addition, the inhibitory effect of the KRE and kavalactones on monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) enzyme activities were examined by commercially available inhibitor screening kits. Histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation was also evaluated in prostate cancer cells and tumor tissues using Western blotting analysis. RESULTS Dietary feeding of 0.3% and 0.6% KRE to TRAMP mice from ages of 6 weeks to 12 weeks inhibited HG-PIN by 43.5% and 59.7%, respectively, and prostate adenocarcinoma by 53.5% and 66.4%, respectively. In addition, 0.6% KRE fed TRAMP mice from ages of 6 weeks to 24 weeks exhibited a significant reduction of genitourinary weight (a surrogate of tumor burden) by 54.5% and reduced body weight gain. Furthermore, the KRE and kavalactones showed a significant inhibition of LSD1 and MAO-A enzyme activities. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that consumption of kava products through diet can delay prostate cancer development and progression and that kavalactones may be a new structure model for developing a potent dual inhibitor of LSD1 and MAO-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesen Li
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA 92868, USA
| | - Liankun Song
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA 92868, USA
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA 92868, USA
| | - Matthew Tippin
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA 92868, USA
| | - Shuan Meng
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA 92868, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA 92868, USA
| | - Edward Uchio
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA 92868, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Orange, CA 92868, USA
| | - Xiaolin Zi
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orang, CA 92868, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Orange, CA 92868, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
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25
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Abstract
Post-translational modifications of cellular substrates with ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs), including ubiquitin, SUMOs, and neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8, play a central role in regulating many aspects of cell biology. The UBL conjugation cascade is initiated by a family of ATP-dependent enzymes termed E1 activating enzymes and executed by the downstream E2-conjugating enzymes and E3 ligases. Despite their druggability and their key position at the apex of the cascade, pharmacologic modulation of E1s with potent and selective drugs has remained elusive until 2009. Among the eight E1 enzymes identified so far, those initiating ubiquitylation (UBA1), SUMOylation (SAE), and neddylation (NAE) are the most characterized and are implicated in various aspects of cancer biology. To date, over 40 inhibitors have been reported to target UBA1, SAE, and NAE, including the NAE inhibitor pevonedistat, evaluated in more than 30 clinical trials. In this Review, we discuss E1 enzymes, the rationale for their therapeutic targeting in cancer, and their different inhibitors, with emphasis on the pharmacologic properties of adenosine sulfamates and their unique mechanism of action, termed substrate-assisted inhibition. Moreover, we highlight other less-characterized E1s-UBA6, UBA7, UBA4, UBA5, and autophagy-related protein 7-and the opportunities for targeting these enzymes in cancer. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The clinical successes of proteasome inhibitors in cancer therapy and the emerging resistance to these agents have prompted the exploration of other signaling nodes in the ubiquitin-proteasome system including E1 enzymes. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the biology of different E1 enzymes, their roles in cancer, and how to translate this knowledge into novel therapeutic strategies with potential implications in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir H Barghout
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.H.B., A.D.S.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.H.B., A.D.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt (S.H.B.)
| | - Aaron D Schimmer
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.H.B., A.D.S.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.H.B., A.D.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt (S.H.B.)
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Alsafi MA, Hughes DL, Said MA. First COVID-19 molecular docking with a chalcone-based compound: synthesis, single-crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis study. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2020; 76:1043-1050. [PMID: 33273140 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229620014217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The first example of molecular docking of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease for COVID-19 [Mpro, Protein Data Bank (PDB) code 7BQY] by a chalcone-based ligand, namely, (E)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-[4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]prop-2-en-1-one, C19H17Cl2NO2, I, is presented. Two-dimensional (2D) LIGPLOT representations calculated for the inhibitor N3, viz. N-{[(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)carbonyl]alanyl}-L-valyl-N1-((1R,2Z)-4-(benzyloxy)-4-oxo-1-{[(3R)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]methyl}but-2-enyl)-L-leucinamide, and 7BQY are included for comparison with our chalcone-based complexes. The binding affinity of our chalcone ligand with 7BQY is -7.0 kcal mol-1, a high value which was attributed to the presence of a hydrogen bond, together with many hydrophobic interactions between the drug and the active amino acid residues of the receptor. Docking studies were also performed, employing rigid and flexible binding modes for the ligand. The superposition of N3 and the chalcone docked into the binding pocket of 7BQY is also presented. The synthesis, single-crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis (HSA) and spectral characterization of heterocyclic chalcone-based compound I, are also presented. The molecules are stacked, with normal π-π interactions, in the crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A Alsafi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taibah University, PO Box 30002, Al-Madinah Al Munawarah, Code 1417, Saudi Arabia
| | - David L Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, England
| | - Musa A Said
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taibah University, PO Box 30002, Al-Madinah Al Munawarah, Code 1417, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Potentiation of antibiotic activity by chalcone (E)-1-(4′-aminophenyl)-3-(furan-2-yl)-prop-2-en-1-one against gram-positive and gram-negative MDR strains. Microb Pathog 2020; 148:104453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Bian T, Corral P, Wang Y, Botello J, Kingston R, Daniels T, Salloum RG, Johnston E, Huo Z, Lu J, Liu AC, Xing C. Kava as a Clinical Nutrient: Promises and Challenges. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3044. [PMID: 33027883 PMCID: PMC7600512 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kava beverages are typically prepared from the root of Piper methysticum. They have been consumed among Pacific Islanders for centuries. Kava extract preparations were once used as herbal drugs to treat anxiety in Europe. Kava is also marketed as a dietary supplement in the U.S. and is gaining popularity as a recreational drink in Western countries. Recent studies suggest that kava and its key phytochemicals have anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects, in addition to the well-documented neurological benefits. While its beneficial effects are widely recognized, rare hepatotoxicity had been associated with use of certain kava preparations, but there are no validations nor consistent mechanisms. Major challenges lie in the diversity of kava products and the lack of standardization, which has produced an unmet need for quality initiatives. This review aims to provide the scientific community and consumers, as well as regulatory agencies, with a broad overview on kava use and its related research. We first provide a historical background for its different uses and then discuss the current state of the research, including its chemical composition, possible mechanisms of action, and its therapeutic potential in treating inflammatory and neurological conditions, as well as cancer. We then discuss the challenges associated with kava use and research, focusing on the need for the detailed characterization of kava components and associated risks such as its reported hepatotoxicity. Lastly, given its growing popularity in clinical and recreational use, we emphasize the urgent need for quality control and quality assurance of kava products, pharmacokinetics, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and foundational pharmacology. These are essential in order to inform research into the molecular targets, cellular mechanisms, and creative use of early stage human clinical trials for designer kava modalities to inform and guide the design and execution of future randomized placebo controlled trials to maximize kava's clinical efficacy and to minimize its risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Bian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.B.); (P.C.); (Y.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Pedro Corral
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.B.); (P.C.); (Y.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.B.); (P.C.); (Y.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Jordy Botello
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.B.); (P.C.); (Y.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Rick Kingston
- College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Tyler Daniels
- Thorne Research Inc., Industrial Road, 620 Omni Dr, Summerville, SC 29483, USA;
| | - Ramzi G. Salloum
- Department of Health Outcome & Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Edward Johnston
- The Association for Hawaiian Awa (kava), Pepe’ekeo, HI 96783, USA;
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health & Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Junxuan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Andrew C. Liu
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.B.); (P.C.); (Y.W.); (J.B.)
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Celentano A, Yiannis C, Paolini R, Zhang P, Farah CS, Cirillo N, Yap T, McCullough M. Kava constituents exert selective anticancer effects in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15904. [PMID: 32985597 PMCID: PMC7522996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kava is a beverage made from the ground roots of the plant Piper Methysticum. Active compounds of Kava have previously been demonstrated to exert an antiproliferative effect through cell cycle arrest and promotion of apoptosis. Our aim was to investigate the in vitro effects of the main constituents derived from Kava on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) activity. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) was used to characterise the main constituents of two Kava preparations. Cell proliferation was assessed in two human OSCC cell lines (H400 and BICR56) and in normal oral keratinocytes (OKF6) treated with the identified Kava constituents, namely Flavokawain A (FKA), Flavokawain B (FKB), yangonin, kavain and methysticin using an MTS in vitro assay. Cell migration at 16 h was assessed using a Transwell migration assay. Cell invasion was measured at 22 h using a Matrigel assay. Cell adhesion was assessed at 90 min with a Cytoselect Adhesion assay. The two Kava preparations contained substantially different concentrations of the main chemical constituents. Treatment of malignant and normal oral keratinocyte cell lines with three of the identified constituents, 10 μg/ml FKA, 2.5 μg/ml FKB and 10 μg/ml yangonin, showed a significant reduction in cell proliferation in both H400 and BICR56 cancer cell lines but not in normal OKF6 cells. Remarkably, the same Kava constituents induced a significant reduction of OSCC cell migration and invasion. We have demonstrated, for the first time, that Kava constituents, FKA, FKB and yangonin have potential anticancer effects on OSCC. This highlights an avenue for further research of Kava constituents in the development of future cancer therapies to prevent and treat OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Celentano
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia.
| | - Callisthenis Yiannis
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Rita Paolini
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 142 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Camile S Farah
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research and Education, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Oral, Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Nicola Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Tami Yap
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Michael McCullough
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
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30
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Natural Agents Targeting Mitochondria in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196992. [PMID: 32977472 PMCID: PMC7582837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key energy provider to highly proliferating cancer cells, and are subsequently considered one of the critical targets in cancer therapeutics. Several compounds have been studied for their mitochondria-targeting ability in cancer cells. These studies’ outcomes have led to the invention of “mitocans”, a category of drug known to precisely target the cancer cells’ mitochondria. Based upon their mode of action, mitocans have been divided into eight classes. To date, different synthetic compounds have been suggested to be potential mitocans, but unfortunately, they are observed to exert adverse effects. Many studies have been published justifying the medicinal significance of large numbers of natural agents for their mitochondria-targeting ability and anticancer activities with minimal or no side effects. However, these natural agents have never been critically analyzed for their mitochondria-targeting activity. This review aims to evaluate the various natural agents affecting mitochondria and categorize them in different classes. Henceforth, our study may further support the potential mitocan behavior of various natural agents and highlight their significance in formulating novel potential anticancer therapeutics.
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31
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Hseu YC, Lin RW, Shen YC, Lin KY, Liao JW, Thiyagarajan V, Yang HL. Flavokawain B and Doxorubicin Work Synergistically to Impede the Propagation of Gastric Cancer Cells via ROS-Mediated Apoptosis and Autophagy Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092475. [PMID: 32882870 PMCID: PMC7564097 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Among various kinds of treatment strategies for cancers, combination therapy has attracted significant attention due to its beneficial effects than the individual effects of the same compounds. Based on this idea, this study has investigated the synergistic effects of combination treatment of a natural anti-cancer agent flavokawain B (FKB) and a chemotherapeutic agent Doxorubicin on human gastric cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms were deciphered through in vitro and in vivo approaches. Experimental data obtained in this study provided promising application prospects of FKB + Doxrubicin combination treatment in human gastric cancer cells. Abstract Chalcone flavokawain B (FKB) possesses a chemopreventive and anti-cancer activity. Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic DNA intercalating agent widely used in malignancy treatment. The present study investigated whether synergistic effects exist between the combination of FKB (1.25–5 µg/mL) and doxorubicin (0.5 µg/mL) on the apoptosis and autophagy in human gastric cancer (AGS) cells, and the possible in vitro and in vivo mechanisms. The MTT assay measured cell viability. Various apoptotic-, autophagy-associated protein expression was determined by the Western blot technique. FKB+doxorubicin synergy was estimated by the Chou-Talalay combination index (CI) method. In vivo studies were performed on BALB/c mice. Results showed that compared to FKB/doxorubicin treatments, low doses of FKB+doxorubicin suppressed AGS cell growth. FKB potentiated doxorubicin-induced DNA fragmentation, apoptotic cell death, and enhanced doxorubicin-mediated mitochondrial, death receptor pathways. FKB+doxorubicin activated increased LC3-II accumulation, p62/SQSTM1 expression, and AVO formation as compared to the FKB/doxorubicin alone treatments indicating autophagy in these cells. The death mechanism in FKB+doxorubicin-treated AGS cells is due to the activation of autophagy. FKB+doxorubicin-mediated dysregulated Bax/Bcl-2, Beclin-1/Bcl-2 ratios suggested apoptosis, autophagy induction in AGS cells. FKB+doxorubicin-induced LC3-II/AVOs downregulation was suppressed due to an apoptotic inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. Whereas, 3-methyladenine/chloroquine weakened FKB+doxorubicin-induced apoptosis (decreased DNA fragmentation/caspase-3). Activation of ERK/JNK may be involved in FKB+doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and autophagy. FKB+doxorubicin-triggered ROS generation, but NAC attenuated FKB+doxorubicin-induced autophagic (LC3 accumulation) and apoptotic (caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage) cell death. FKB+doxorubicin blocked gastric cancer cell xenografts in nude mice in vivo as compared to FKB/doxorubicin alone treatments. FKB and doxorubicin wielded synergistic anti-tumor effects in gastric cancer cells and is a promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Wan Lin
- Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (R.-W.L.); (Y.-C.S.)
| | - Yi-Chun Shen
- Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (R.-W.L.); (Y.-C.S.)
| | - Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
- Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (H.-L.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7503) (H.-L.Y.); Fax: +886-4-2206-2891 (H.-L.Y.)
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (R.-W.L.); (Y.-C.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (H.-L.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7503) (H.-L.Y.); Fax: +886-4-2206-2891 (H.-L.Y.)
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High-Throughput Analysis of Flavokawains in Kava (Piper methysticum Forst. f.) Roots, Chips and Powders and Correlations with Their Acetonic Extracts Absorbance. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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33
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Yiannis C, Huang K, Tran AN, Zeng C, Dao E, Baselyous O, Mithwani MA, Paolini R, Cirillo N, Yap T, McCullough M, Celentano A. Protective effect of kava constituents in an in vitro model of oral mucositis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:1801-1811. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Li H, Wang J, Wu C, Wang L, Chen ZS, Cui W. The combination of disulfiram and copper for cancer treatment. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1099-1108. [PMID: 32320854 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Disulfiram (DSF) is a thiuram derivative that was developed to treat alcoholism but was also found to have antitumor activity. Copper (Cu), as a trace metal, has important roles in the body. Numerous studies have shown that the combination of DSF and copper (DSF/Cu) greatly enhances its antitumor efficacy. Given that the efficacy of DSF is well established and its safety profile is understood, repurposing DSF as a new anticancer drug is a promising strategy. Here, we summarize the pharmacological effects of DSF and the role of Cu in cancer, and focus on the antitumor effect of DSF/Cu, especially the mechanisms involved in enhancing drug sensibility by targeting specific molecules. We also provide rational strategies for using DSF as a cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China.
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Zhao H, Iqbal NJ, Sukrithan V, Nicholas C, Xue Y, Yu C, Locker J, Zou J, Schwartz EL, Zhu L. Targeted Inhibition of the E3 Ligase SCF Skp2/Cks1 Has Antitumor Activity in RB1-Deficient Human and Mouse Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2355-2367. [PMID: 32265224 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-2400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The RB1 tumor suppressor gene is mutated in highly aggressive tumors including small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), where its loss, along with TP53, is required and sufficient for tumorigenesis. While RB1-mutant cells fail to arrest at G1-S in response to cell-cycle restriction point signals, this information has not led to effective strategies to treat RB1-deficient tumors, as it is challenging to develop targeted drugs for tumors that are driven by the loss of gene function. Our group previously identified Skp2, a substrate recruiting subunit of the SCF-Skp2 E3 ubiquitin ligase, as an early repression target of pRb whose knockout blocked tumorigenesis in Rb1-deficient prostate and pituitary tumors. Here we used genetic mouse models to demonstrate that deletion of Skp2 completely blocked the formation of SCLC in Rb1/Trp53-knockout mice (RP mice). Skp2 KO caused an increased accumulation of the Skp2-degradation target p27, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, which was confirmed as the mechanism of protection by using knock-in of a mutant p27 that was unable to bind to Skp2. Building on the observed synthetic lethality between Rb1 and Skp2, we found that small molecules that bind/inhibit Skp2 have in vivo antitumor activity in mouse tumors and human patient-derived xenograft models of SCLC. Using genetic and pharmacologic approaches, antitumor activity was seen with Skp2 loss or inhibition in established SCLC primary lung tumors, in liver metastases, and in chemotherapy-resistant tumors. Our data highlight a downstream actionable target in RB1-deficient cancers, for which there are currently no targeted therapies available. SIGNIFICANCE: There are no effective therapies for SCLC. The identification of an actionable target downstream of RB1, inactivated in SCLC and other advanced tumors, could have a broad impact on its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Zhao
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Niloy J Iqbal
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Vineeth Sukrithan
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Cari Nicholas
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yingjiao Xue
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Cindy Yu
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Joseph Locker
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Juntao Zou
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Edward L Schwartz
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. .,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. .,Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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Flavokawain A inhibits prostate cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis and regulating the glutamine metabolism pathway. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 186:113288. [PMID: 32361091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Flavokawain A (FKA), a major chalcone in kava extracts, has exhibited anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects in the prostate cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of FKA remains unclear. In this study, FKA induces cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in a G2M phase to prostate cancer cells. FKA interferes with tubulin polymerization and inhibits survivin expression in PC3 cells. Molecular docking simulation experiment finds that FKA can bind to colchicine binding sites that inhibit tubulin polymerization. FKA treatment regulates the glutamine metabolism pathway in PC3 cells by reducing intracellular glutamine, glutamic and proline. FKA treatment also decreases the GSH content by decreasing the activity of GSH synthetase (GSS) and increasing the activity of glutathione thiol transferase (GSTP1), which subsequently induces ROS production and PC3 cell apoptosis.
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Gong G, Li Y, He K, Yang Q, Guo M, Xu T, Wang C, Zhao M, Chen Y, Du M, Li B, Huang Y, Zhu B. The inhibition of H1N1 influenza induced apoptosis by sodium selenite through ROS-mediated signaling pathways. RSC Adv 2020; 10:8002-8007. [PMID: 35492195 PMCID: PMC9049890 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The high variability of influenza viruses has made it more difficult for people to cope with influenza. When antigen transformation occurs, even new influenza without preventive vaccines may be produced, which poses a great threat to human health. Selenium is an essential trace element in humans and mammals, and has many biological activities. It has attracted people's research interest in recent years. In this study, MDCK cells were used as a model to observe the effect of sodium selenite on H1N1 influenza virus. Our research showed that sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) has an anti-influenza H1N1 virus effect, and the anti-viral effect of sodium selenite was further demonstrated by caspase-3, AKT, MAPK and p53 signaling pathways. The investigations of the mechanism revealed that the sodium selenite could block H1N1 influenza from infecting MDCK cells through inhibiting the production of ROS. The results demonstrate that selenium supplementation may provide a feasible approach to inhibit the infection of H1N1 influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Gong
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University No. 402 Renminzhong Road Yuexiu District Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Yinghua Li
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Kunyan He
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University No. 402 Renminzhong Road Yuexiu District Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Qiumei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University No. 402 Renminzhong Road Yuexiu District Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Min Guo
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Changbing Wang
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Mingqi Zhao
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Yi Chen
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Miaomiao Du
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University No. 402 Renminzhong Road Yuexiu District Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Bingyuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University No. 402 Renminzhong Road Yuexiu District Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Yanqing Huang
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University No. 402 Renminzhong Road Yuexiu District Guangzhou 510120 China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Center Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510120 China
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Zhu H, Tang L, Zhang C, Wei B, Yang P, He D, Zheng L, Zhang Y. Synthesis of Chalcone Derivatives: Inducing Apoptosis of HepG2 Cells via Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species and Mitochondrial Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1341. [PMID: 31803052 PMCID: PMC6874057 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcone derivatives, as a hot research field, exhibit a variety of physiological bioactivities and target multiple biological receptors. Based on the skeleton of (E)-1,3-diphenyl-2-propene-1-one, 14 chalcone derivatives were designed and synthesized, and evaluated as the antitumor candidates agents against four human cancer cell lines (A549, Hela, HepG2, and HL-60) as well as one normal cell line (WI-38). Among the title compounds, compound a14 showed better inhibitory activity against HepG2 cells (IC50 = 38.33 µM) and had relatively weak cytotoxicity towards normal cells WI-38 (IC50 = 121.29 µM). In this study, apoptosis, cycle arrest, assessment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential were adopted to explore the inhibitory mechanism of a14 towards HepG2. Compound a14 could effectively block the division of HepG2 cell lines in the G2/M phase and robustly induced generation of ROS, demonstrating that the generation of ROS induced by a14 was the main reason for resulting in the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Moreover, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of HepG2 cells treated with a14 was significantly decreased, which was closely related to the enhanced ROS level. Furthermore, based on Western blot experiment, cell apoptosis induced by a14 also involved the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family and Caspase 3 protein. In summary, compound a14 could contribute to the apoptosis of HepG2 cells through regulating ROS-mitochondrial pathway, which provides valuable hints for the discovery of novel anti-tumor drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtian Zhu
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,Innovative Drug Research Department, Lanzhou Weihuan Biological Science and Technology Development Co, Ltd., Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,Innovative Drug Research Department, Lanzhou Weihuan Biological Science and Technology Development Co, Ltd., Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenghong Zhang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,Innovative Drug Research Department, Lanzhou Weihuan Biological Science and Technology Development Co, Ltd., Lanzhou, China
| | - Baochu Wei
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,Pharmacy Department, Lanzhou Pulmonary Hospital Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pingrong Yang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Chinese Materia Medica and Prepared Slices), Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dian He
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Chinese Materia Medica and Prepared Slices), Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lifang Zheng
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Innovative Drug Research Department, Lanzhou Weihuan Biological Science and Technology Development Co, Ltd., Lanzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Pluskal T, Torrens-Spence MP, Fallon TR, De Abreu A, Shi CH, Weng JK. The biosynthetic origin of psychoactive kavalactones in kava. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:867-878. [PMID: 31332312 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Kava (Piper methysticum) is an ethnomedicinal shrub native to the Polynesian islands with well-established anxiolytic and analgesic properties. Its main psychoactive principles, kavalactones, form a unique class of polyketides that interact with the human central nervous system through mechanisms distinct from those of conventional psychiatric drugs. However, an unknown biosynthetic machinery and difficulty in chemical synthesis hinder the therapeutic use of kavalactones. In addition, kava also produces flavokavains, which are chalconoids with anticancer properties structurally related to kavalactones. Here, we report de novo elucidation of the key enzymes of the kavalactone and flavokavain biosynthetic network. We present the structural basis for the evolutionary development of a pair of paralogous styrylpyrone synthases that establish the kavalactone scaffold and the catalytic mechanism of a regio- and stereo-specific kavalactone reductase that produces a subset of chiral kavalactones. We further demonstrate the feasibility of engineering styrylpyrone production in heterologous hosts, thus opening a way to develop kavalactone-based non-addictive psychiatric therapeutics through synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Pluskal
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Timothy R Fallon
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrea De Abreu
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cindy H Shi
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jing-Ke Weng
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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40
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Celentano A, Tran A, Testa C, Thayanantha K, Tan-Orders W, Tan S, Syamal M, McCullough MJ, Yap T. The protective effects of Kava (Piper Methysticum) constituents in cancers: A systematic review. J Oral Pathol Med 2019; 48:510-529. [PMID: 31172600 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kava is a beverage made from the ground roots of the plant Piper Methysticum and has long-held a significant place within Pacific island communities. Active compounds were extracted from kava, and secondary metabolites include kavalactones, chalcones, cinnamic acid derivatives and flavanones. It is thought that components of kava may exert an antiproliferative effect through cell cycle arrest and promotion of apoptosis. METHODS We conducted a systematic review to summarize available evidence of the anticancer effects of kava components and investigate their potential use for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) treatment. Eligible studies were identified through a comprehensive search of OVID EMBASE, OVID MEDLINE and Web of Science, as at April 2018. RESULTS Of 39 papers that met the inclusion criteria, 32 included in vitro models and 13 included animal studies. A total of 26 different cancers were assessed with 32 studies solely assessing epithelial cancers, 6 mesenchymal cancers and 1 study including both. There was only one report assessing an OSCC cell line. Antiproliferative properties were demonstrated in 32 out of 39 papers. The most researched constituent of kava was flavokavain B followed by flavokavain A. Both were associated with increased expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and decreased expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Further, they were associated with a dose-dependent reduction of angiogenesis. CONCLUSION There was heterogeneity of study models and methods of investigation across the studies identified. Components of kava appear to present an area of interest with chemotherapeutic potential in cancer prevention and treatment, particularly for epithelial neoplasms. To date, there is a paucity of literature of the utility of kava components in the prevention and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Celentano
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Tran
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Claire Testa
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Krishen Thayanantha
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - William Tan-Orders
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephanie Tan
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mitali Syamal
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael J McCullough
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tami Yap
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Wang P, Zhu J, Shehu AI, Lu J, Chen J, Zhong XB, Ma X. Enzymes and Pathways of Kavain Bioactivation and Biotransformation. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1335-1342. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Wang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Amina I. Shehu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Jie Lu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Xiao-bo Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Xiaochao Ma
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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Kavalactones and Flavokavins Profiles Contribute to Quality Assessment of Kava (Piper methysticum G. Forst.), the Traditional Beverage of the Pacific. BEVERAGES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages5020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kava (Piper methysticum) is increasingly traded internationally and there is need for a rapid method to analyze kava raw material before export. The objectives of the present study were: (i) to develop a simple and robust protocol for high throughput simultaneous quantification of kavalactones (KLs) and flavokavins (FKs) in kava and (ii) to assess its potential for quality control. Methysticin; dihydromethysticin; kavain; desmethoxyyangonin; dihydrokavain; yangonin; and flavokavin A, B and C were quantified using HPTLC in acetonic extracts of 174 kava varieties. UHPLC analysis was conducted on a subset of six varieties representing the genetic variation of the species. The genetically distinct groups of nobles, two-day and wichmannii varieties were clearly differentiated and multivariate analyses of UHPLC and HPTLC data were congruent. Noble varieties have significantly low FKs/KLs (0.13) and high kavain/flavokavin B (K/FKB = 7.31). Two-day and wichmannii varieties are characterized by high FKs/KLs (0.36, 0.21) and low K/FKB (1.5, 1.7). A high-throughput HPTLC protocol was developed with a total analytical time of 50 min for 20 samples and only 10 mL of mobile phase. The use of acetone, sonication and two different detection wavelengths improves the accuracy compared to previous HPLC studies and confirms that kava varieties exhibit distinct chemotypes clearly differentiated by their FKs/KLs profiles. These results will strengthen the use of Codex Alimentarius regional standards.
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Ma YC, Zhu YL, Su N, Ke Y, Fan XX, Shi XJ, Liu HM, Wang AF. A novel ent-kaurane diterpenoid analog, DN3, selectively kills human gastric cancer cells via acting directly on mitochondria. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 848:11-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Colucci-Guyon E, Batista AS, Oliveira SDS, Blaud M, Bellettini IC, Marteyn BS, Leblanc K, Herbomel P, Duval R. Ultraspecific live imaging of the dynamics of zebrafish neutrophil granules by a histopermeable fluorogenic benzochalcone probe. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3654-3670. [PMID: 30996961 PMCID: PMC6432617 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05593a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil granules (NGs) are key components of the innate immune response and mark the development of neutrophilic granulocytes in mammals. However, there has been no specific fluorescent vital stain up to now to monitor their dynamics within a whole live organism. We rationally designed a benzochalcone fluorescent probe (HAB) featuring high tissue permeability and optimal photophysics such as elevated quantum yield, pronounced solvatochromism and target-induced fluorogenesis. Phenotypic screening identified HAB as the first cell- and organelle-specific small-molecule fluorescent tracer of NGs in live zebrafish larvae, with no labeling of other cell types or organelles. HAB staining was independent of the state of neutrophil activation, labeling NGs of both resting and phagocytically active neutrophils with equal specificity. By high-resolution live imaging, we documented the dynamics of HAB-stained NGs during phagocytosis. Upon zymosan injection, labeled NGs were rapidly recruited to the forming phagosomes. Despite being a reversible ligand, HAB could not be displaced by high concentrations of pharmacologically relevant competing chalcones, indicating that this specific labeling was the result of the HAB's precise physicochemical signature rather than a general feature of chalcones. However, one of the competitors was discovered as a promising interstitial fluorescent tracer illuminating zebrafish histology, similarly to BODIPY-ceramide. As a yellow-emitting histopermeable vital stain, HAB functionally and spectrally complements most genetically incorporated fluorescent tags commonly used in live zebrafish biology, holding promise for the study of neutrophil-dependent responses relevant to human physiopathology such as developmental defects, inflammation and infection. Furthermore, HAB intensely labeled isolated live human neutrophils at the level of granulated subcellular structures consistent with human NGs, suggesting that the labeling of NGs by HAB is not restricted to the zebrafish model but also relevant to mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Colucci-Guyon
- Institut Pasteur , Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité , Paris , 75015 , France .
- CNRS , UMR 3738 , Paris , France
| | - Ariane S Batista
- Nanotechnology Engineering Program , Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia - COPPE , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , 21941-972 , Brazil
| | | | - Magali Blaud
- LCRB , CNRS , Université Paris 5 , Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , 75006 , France
| | - Ismael C Bellettini
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Educaçao , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Blumenau , 89036-256 , Brazil
| | - Benoit S Marteyn
- Institut Pasteur , Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire , Paris , 75015 , France
- INSERM , UMR 786 , Paris , France
| | - Karine Leblanc
- BioCIS , CNRS , Université Paris-Sud 11 , Châtenay-Malabry , 92290 , France
| | - Philippe Herbomel
- Institut Pasteur , Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité , Paris , 75015 , France .
- CNRS , UMR 3738 , Paris , France
| | - Romain Duval
- MERIT , IRD , Université Paris 5 , Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , 75006 , France .
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Li X, Pham V, Tippin M, Fu D, Rendon R, Song L, Uchio E, Hoang BH, Zi X. Flavokawain B targets protein neddylation for enhancing the anti-prostate cancer effect of Bortezomib via Skp2 degradation. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:25. [PMID: 30885218 PMCID: PMC6423783 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0338-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Flavokawain B (FKB) has been identified from kava root extracts as a potent apoptosis inducer for inhibiting the growth of various cancer cell lines, including prostate cancer. However, the molecular targets of FKB in prostate cancer cells remain unknown. Methods An in vitro NEDD8 Initiation Conjugation Assay was used to evaluate the neddylation inhibitory activity of FKB. Molecular docking and a cellular thermal shift assay were performed to assess the direct interaction between FKB and the NEDD8 activating enzyme (NAE) complex. Protein neddylation, ubiqutination, stability and expression in cells were assessed with immunoprecipitation and Western blotting methods using specific antibodies. Deletion and site specific mutants and siRNAs were used to evaluate deep mechanisms by which FKB induces Skp2 degradation. Cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction were measured by MTT, ELISA and Western blotting methods. Results FKB inhibits NEDD8 conjugations to both Cullin1 and Ubc12 in prostate cancer cell lines and Ubc12 neddylation in an in vitro assay. Molecular docking study and a cellular thermal shift assay reveal that FKB interacts with the regulatory subunit (i.e. APP-BP1) of the NAE. In addition, FKB causes Skp2 degradation in an ubiquitin and proteasome dependent manner. Overexpression of dominant-negative cullin1 (1–452), K720R mutant (the neddylation site) Cullin1 or the F-box deleted Skp2 that losses its binding to the Skp1/Cullin1 complex causes the resistance to FKB-induced Skp2 degradation, whereas siRNA knock-down of Cdh1, a known E3 ligase of Skp2 for targeted degradation, didn’t attenuate the effect of FKB on Skp2 degradation. These results suggest that degradation of Skp2 by FKB is involved in a functional Cullin1. Furthermore, proteasome inhibitors Bortezomib and MG132 transcriptionally down-regulate the expression of Skp2, and their combinations with FKB result in enhanced inhibitory effects on the growth of prostate cancer cell lines via synergistic down-regulation of Skp2 and up-regulation of p27/Kip1 and p21/WAF1 protein expression. FKB also selectively inhibits the growth of RB deficient cells with high expression of Skp2. Conclusion These findings provide a rationale for further investigating combination of FKB and Bortezomib for treatment of RB deficient, castration-resistant prostate cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0338-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesen Li
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Rt.81, Bldg.55, Rm.302, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.,Institute for Cancer Medicine and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Victor Pham
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Rt.81, Bldg.55, Rm.302, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.,Pharmaceutical Science, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Matthew Tippin
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Rt.81, Bldg.55, Rm.302, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Dongjun Fu
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Rt.81, Bldg.55, Rm.302, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Raymond Rendon
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Rt.81, Bldg.55, Rm.302, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Liankun Song
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Rt.81, Bldg.55, Rm.302, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Edward Uchio
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Rt.81, Bldg.55, Rm.302, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Bang H Hoang
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Rt.81, Bldg.55, Rm.302, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Xiaolin Zi
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Rt.81, Bldg.55, Rm.302, Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA. .,Institute for Cancer Medicine and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
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Biruntha K, Reuben Jonathan D, Mohamooda Sumaya U, Dravida Thendral ERA, Usha G. (3 E)-3-{(2 E)-3-[4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]prop-2-enylidene}-3,4-dihydro-2 H-chromen-4-one. IUCRDATA 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s2414314618012737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the title compound, C20H19NO2, the (dimethylamino)phenyl ring and the chromanone ring system are linkedviaan α-β unsaturated carbon bridge. The dihedral angle between the two terminal phenyl rings is 29.66 (6)°. The tetrahydro-4H-pyran-4 one ring in the chromanone moiety adopts a sofa conformation. The crystal packing is stabilized only by van der Waals forces.
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Down-regulation of Skp2 expression inhibits invasion and lung metastasis in osteosarcoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14294. [PMID: 30250282 PMCID: PMC6155331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), the most common primary cancer of bone, exhibits a high propensity for local invasion and distant metastasis. This study sought to elucidate the role of S phase kinase-associated protein (Skp2) in osteosarcoma invasion and metastasis and to explore flavokawain A (FKA), a natural chalcone from kava extract, as a potential Skp2 targeting agent for preventing osteosarcoma progression. Skp2 was found to be overexpressed in multiple osteosarcoma cell lines, including 5 standard and 8 primary patient-derived cell lines. Patients whose tumors expressed high levels of Skp2 sustained a significantly worse metastasis-free (p = 0.0095) and overall survival (p = 0.0013) than those with low Skp2. Skp2 knockdown markedly reduced in vitro cellular invasion and in vivo lung metastasis in an orthotopic mouse model of osteosarcoma. Similar to Skp2 knockdown, treatment with FKA also reduced Skp2 expression in osteosarcoma cell lines and blocked the invasion of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. Together, our findings suggest that Skp2 is a promising therapeutic target in osteosarcoma, and that FKA may be an effective Skp2-targeted therapy to reduce osteosarcoma metastasis.
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Mellado M, Madrid A, Reyna M, Weinstein-Oppenheimer C, Mella J, Salas CO, Sánchez E, Cuellar M. Synthesis of chalcones with antiproliferative activity on the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line: Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship Models. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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He Q, Liu W, Sha S, Fan S, Yu Y, Chen L, Dong M. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase-dependent mTOR pathway is involved in flavokawain B-induced autophagy in thyroid cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:2576-2589. [PMID: 29908094 PMCID: PMC6113436 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavokawain B (FKB), a natural kava chalcone, shows potent antitumor activity in various types of cancer, although the mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, we report that FKB has profound effects on the metabolic state of human thyroid cancer (TCa) cells, leading to high autophagy flux through upregulation of AMP‐activated protein kinase, which in turn inhibits mTOR and activates Beclin‐1 in TCa cells. We further report that the autophagy induced by FKB plays a prosurvival role in TCa cells both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence that combination treatment with FKB and pharmacological autophagy inhibitors will be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of TCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin He
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Province in Medicine and Health, Jinan, China
| | - Wenping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Province in Medicine and Health, Jinan, China
| | - Sha Sha
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Province in Medicine and Health, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, China
| | - Yajing Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Province in Medicine and Health, Jinan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Province in Medicine and Health, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Province in Medicine and Health, Jinan, China
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Effect of perineoplasm perinephric adipose tissues on migration of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells: a potential role of WNT signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 7:53277-53288. [PMID: 27409168 PMCID: PMC5288185 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the cellular and molecular interactions between clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and perinephric adipose tissue (PAT), perineoplasm PAT, PAT away from the neoplasm, renal sinus and subcutaneous adipose tissues were collected at the time of renal surgery for renal masses and conditioned medium (CM) was generated from 62 patients. Perineoplasm PAT CMs from 44 out of 62 (about 71%) of patients with ccRCC or benign renal diseases (e.g. oncocytomas, angiomyolipomas, multicystic kidney, interstitial fibrosis, etc.) enhanced the migration of CaKi-2 cells. Perineoplasm PAT CMs from ccRCC significantly increased migration of ACHN and CaKi-2 cells by ~8.2 and ~2.4 folds, respectively, relative to those from benign renal diseases, whereas there is no significant difference in migration between ccRCC and benign renal diseases in CMs collected from culturing PAT away from neoplasm, renal sinus and subcutaneous adipose tissues. High Fuhrman Grade was associated with increased migration of Caki-2 cells by perineoplasm PAT CMs. Perineoplasm PATs from pT3 RCCs overexpressed multiple WNTs and their CMs exhibited higher WNT/ß-catenin activity and increased the migration of Caki-2 cells compared to CMs from benign neoplasms. Addition of secreted WNT inhibitory factor-1 recombinant protein into perineoplasm PAT CMs completely blocked the cell migration. These results indicate that WNT related factors from perineoplasm PAT may promote progression of local ccRCC to locally advanced (pT3) disease by increasing ccRCC cell mobility.
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