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Kubota H, Ueno H, Tasaka K, Isobe T, Saida S, Kato I, Umeda K, Hiwatari M, Hasegawa D, Imamura T, Kakiuchi N, Nannya Y, Ogawa S, Hiramatsu H, Takita J. RNA-seq-based miRNA signature as an independent predictor of relapse in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood Adv 2024; 8:1258-1271. [PMID: 38127276 PMCID: PMC10918494 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Aberrant micro-RNA (miRNA) expression profiles have been associated with disease progression and clinical outcome in pediatric cancers. However, few studies have analyzed genome-wide dysregulation of miRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). To identify novel prognostic factors, we comprehensively investigated miRNA and mRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq and mRNA-seq) data in pediatric BCP-ALL samples with poor outcome. We analyzed 180 patients, including 43 matched pairs at diagnosis and relapse. Consensus clustering of miRNA expression data revealed a distinct profile characterized by mainly downregulation of miRNAs (referred to as an miR-low cluster [MLC]). The MLC profile was not associated with any known genetic subgroups. Intriguingly, patients classified as MLC had significantly shorter event-free survival (median 21 vs 33 months; log-rank P = 3 ×10-5). Furthermore, this poor prognosis was retained even in hyperdiploid ALL. This poor prognostic MLC profiling was confirmed in the validation cohort. Notably, non-MLC profiling at diagnosis (n = 9 of 23; Fisher exact test, P = .039) often changed into MLC profiling at relapse for the same patient. Integrated analysis of miRNA-seq and mRNA-seq data revealed that the transcriptional profile of MLC was characterized by enrichment of MYC target and oxidative phosphorylation genes, reduced intron retention, and low expression of DICER1. Thus, our miRNA-mRNA integration approach yielded a truly unbiased molecular stratification of pediatric BCP-ALL cases based on a novel prognostic miRNA signature, which may lead to better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroo Ueno
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiji Tasaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoya Isobe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Satoshi Saida
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Itaru Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsutsugu Umeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Hiwatari
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiichiro Hasegawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Imamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Kakiuchi
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nannya
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Hematopoietic Disease Control, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hidefumi Hiramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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2
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Banik A, Ahmed SR, Sajib EH, Deb A, Sinha S, Azim KF. Identification of potential inhibitory analogs of metastasis tumor antigens (MTAs) using bioactive compounds: revealing therapeutic option to prevent malignancy. Mol Divers 2022; 26:2473-2502. [PMID: 34743299 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10345-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The deeper understanding of metastasis phenomenon and detection of drug targets could be a potential approach to minimize cancer mortality. In this study, attempts were taken to unmask novel therapeutics to prevent metastasis and cancer progression. Initially, we explored the physiochemical, structural and functional insights of three metastasis tumor antigens (MTAs) and evaluated some plant-based bioactive compounds as potent MTA inhibitors. From 50 plant metabolites screened, isoflavone, gingerol, citronellal and asiatic acid showed maximum binding affinity with all three MTA proteins. The ADME analysis detected no undesirable toxicity that could reduce the drug likeness properties of top plant metabolites. Moreover, molecular dynamics studies revealed that the complexes were stable and showed minimum fluctuation at molecular level. We further performed ligand-based virtual screening to identify similar drug molecules using a large collection of 376,342 compounds from DrugBank. The results suggested that several structural analogs (e.g., tramadol, nabumetone, DGLA and hydrocortisone) may act as agonist to block the MTA proteins and inhibit cancer progression at early stage. The study could be useful to develop effective medications against cancer metastasis in future. Due to encouraging results, we highly recommend further in vitro and in vivo trials for the experimental validation of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik Banik
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Rashel Ahmed
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Emran Hossain Sajib
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Anamika Deb
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Shiuly Sinha
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Faizul Azim
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh.
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France.
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The Pleiotropy of PAX5 Gene Products and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710095. [PMID: 36077495 PMCID: PMC9456430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PAX5, a member of the Paired Box (PAX) transcription factor family, is an essential factor for B-lineage identity during lymphoid differentiation. Mechanistically, PAX5 controls gene expression profiles, which are pivotal to cellular processes such as viability, proliferation, and differentiation. Given its crucial function in B-cell development, PAX5 aberrant expression also correlates with hallmark cancer processes leading to hematological and other types of cancer lesions. Despite the well-established association of PAX5 in the development, maintenance, and progression of cancer disease, the use of PAX5 as a cancer biomarker or therapeutic target has yet to be implemented. This may be partly due to the assortment of PAX5 expressed products, which layers the complexity of their function and role in various regulatory networks and biological processes. In this review, we provide an overview of the reported data describing PAX5 products, their regulation, and function in cellular processes, cellular biology, and neoplasm.
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Wang W, Ma M, Li L, Huang Y, Zhao G, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Yang Y, Wang B, Ye L. MTA1-TJP1 interaction and its involvement in non-small cell lung cancer metastasis. Transl Oncol 2022; 25:101500. [PMID: 35944414 PMCID: PMC9365954 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MTA1 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and was associated with tumor progression. MTA1 promoted NSCLC cell invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo. TJP1 was found to be an interacting protein of MTA1 involved in cell adhesion. MTA1 promoted NSCLC invasion and metastasis by inhibiting TJP1 protein expression and attenuating intercellular tight junctions. Targeting the MTA1-TJP1 axis may be a promising strategy for inhibiting NSCLC metastasis.
Distant metastasis is the main cause of death in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The mechanism of metastasis-associated protein 1(MTA1) in NSCLC has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to reveal the mechanism of MTA1 in the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC. Bioinformatics analysis and our previous results showed that MTA1 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and correlated with tumor progression. Knockout of MTA1 by CRISPR/Cas9 significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of H1299 cells, but enhanced cell adhesion. Stable overexpression of MTA1 by lentivirus transfection had opposite effects on migration, invasion and adhesion of A549 cells. The results of in vivo experiments in nude mouse lung metastases model confirmed the promotion of MTA1 on invasion and migration. Tight junction protein 1 (TJP1) was identified by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry as an interacting protein of MTA1 involved in cell adhesion. MTA1 inhibited the expression level of TJP1 protein and weakened the tight junctions between cells. More importantly, the rescue assays confirmed that the regulation of MTA1 on cell adhesion, migration and invasion was partially attenuated by TJP1. In Conclusion, MTA1 inhibits the expression level of TJP1 protein co-localized in the cytoplasm and membrane of NSCLC cells, weakens the tight junctions between cells, and changes the adhesion, migration and invasion capabilities of cells, which may be the mechanism of MTA1 promoting the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC. Thus, targeting the MTA1-TJP1 axis may be a promising strategy for inhibiting NSCLC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital (Hubei University of Medicine), Shiyan, China
| | - Mingsheng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, China
| | - Li Li
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunchao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guangqiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongchun Zhou
- Molecular Diagnosis Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Yantao Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yichen Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Biying Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lianhua Ye
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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5
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Levenson AS. Metastasis-associated protein 1-mediated antitumor and anticancer activity of dietary stilbenes for prostate cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 80:107-117. [PMID: 32126261 PMCID: PMC7483334 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dietary bioactive polyphenols that demonstrate beneficial biological functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activity hold immense promise as effective and safe chemopreventive and chemosensitizing natural anticancer agents. The underlying molecular mechanisms of polyphenols' multiple effects are complex and these molecules are considered promising targets for chemoprevention and therapy. However, the development of novel personalized targeted chemopreventive and therapeutic strategies is essential for successful therapeutic outcomes. In this review, we highlight the potential of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1)-targeted anticancer and antitumor effects of three dietary stilbenes, namely resveratrol, pterostilbene, and gnetin C, for prostate cancer management. MTA1, an epigenetic reader and master transcriptional regulator, plays a key role in all stages of prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Stilbenes inhibit MTA1 expression, disrupt the MTA1/histone deacetylase complex, modulate MTA1-associated Epi-miRNAs and reduce MTA1-dependent inflammation, cell survival, and metastasis in prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. Overall, the MTA1-targeted strategies involving dietary stilbenes may be valuable for effective chemoprevention in selected subpopulations of early stage prostate cancer patients and for combinatorial strategies with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs against advanced metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anait S Levenson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY, 11548, USA.
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6
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Vattem C, Pakala SB. Metastasis-associated protein 1: A potential driver and regulator of the hallmarks of cancer. J Biosci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-022-00263-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Abbaszadegan MR, Mojarrad M, Rahimi HR, Moghbeli M. Genetic and molecular biology of gastric cancer among Iranian patients: an update. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00232-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There is a declining trend of gastric cancer (GC) incidence in the world during recent years that is related to the development of novel diagnostic methods. However, there is still a high ratio of GC mortality among the Iranian population that can be associated with late diagnosis. Despite various reports about the novel diagnostic markers, there is not any general and standard diagnostic panel marker for Iranian GC patients. Therefore, it is required to determine an efficient and general panel of molecular markers for early detection.
Main body of the abstract
In the present review, we summarized all of the reported markers until now among Iranian GC patients to pave the way for the determination of a population-based diagnostic panel of markers. In this regard, we categorized these markers in different groups based on their involved processes to know which molecular process is more frequent during the GC progression among Iranians.
Conclusion
We observed that the non-coding RNAs are the main factors involved in GC tumorigenesis in this population.
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Akhlaghipour I, Bina AR, Abbaszadegan MR, Moghbeli M. Methylation as a critical epigenetic process during tumor progressions among Iranian population: an overview. Genes Environ 2021; 43:14. [PMID: 33883026 PMCID: PMC8059047 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-021-00187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main health challenges and leading causes of deaths in the world. Various environmental and genetic risk factors are associated with tumorigenesis. Epigenetic deregulations are also important risk factors during tumor progression which are reversible transcriptional alterations without any genomic changes. Various mechanisms are involved in epigenetic regulations such as DNA methylation, chromatin modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Cancer incidence and mortality have a growing trend during last decades among Iranian population which are significantly related to the late diagnosis. Therefore, it is required to prepare efficient molecular diagnostic panels for the early detection of cancer in this population. Promoter hyper methylation is frequently observed as an inhibitory molecular mechanism in various genes associated with DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis during tumor progression. Since aberrant promoter methylations have critical roles in early stages of neoplastic transformations, in present review we have summarized all of the aberrant methylations which have been reported during tumor progression among Iranian cancer patients. Aberrant promoter methylations are targetable and prepare novel therapeutic options for the personalized medicine in cancer patients. This review paves the way to introduce a non-invasive methylation specific panel of diagnostic markers for the early detection of cancer among Iranians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Bina
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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9
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Qin G, Sun Y, Guo Y, Song Y. PAX5 activates telomerase activity and proliferation in keloid fibroblasts by transcriptional regulation of SND1, thus promoting keloid growth in burn-injured skin. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:459-472. [PMID: 33616676 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing 1 (SND1) that functioned as an oncogene in a variety of tumors was upregulated in burn-injured skin tissues, and this study aims to investigate the effect of SND1 on keloid and elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS Keloid fibroblasts (KFs) and normal skin fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated from the keloid tissues and adjacent normal skin tissues of keloid patients. The SND1 expression was assessed in keloid tissues and KFs with Western blot assay. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to investigate the role of SND1 in proliferation, colony formation, telomerase activity, expression of fibrogenic genes and production of pro-inflammatory factors in KFs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) and Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were used to verify the interaction of Paired-box gene 5 (PAX5) on SND1 promoter. Then, a series of rescue experiments were performed to verify the effects of SND1 overexpression on PAX5 knockdown-mediated KF functions. Finally, the role of SND1 in keloid formation in vivo was validated in mice with keloid implantation. RESULTS SND1 was upregulated in keloid tissues and KFs. SND1 positively regulated proliferation, colony formation, telomerase activity, production of pro-inflammatory factors and expression of fibrogenic genes. PAX5 directly bound to the SND1 promoter to transcriptionally regulate SND1 expression and positively regulated SND1-mediated KF functions via the ERK/JNK pathway. In vivo assay further demonstrated that SND1 displayed a positive effect on keloid formation. CONCLUSION SND1 transcriptionally regulated by PAX5 promotes keloid formation through activating telomerase activity via the ERK/JNK signaling pathways, which provides a promising therapeutic target for clinical treatment of burned skin keloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoping Qin
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Yaowen Sun
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Yadong Guo
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 256 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, 710068, China.
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10
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Banik A, Ahmed SR, Sajib EH, Deb A, Sinha S, Azim KF. Identification of potential inhibitory analogs of metastasis tumor antigens (MTAs) using bioactive compounds: revealing therapeutic option to prevent malignancy.. [DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.19.345975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe deeper understanding of metastasis phenomenon and detection of drug targets could be a potential approach to minimize cancer mortality. In this study, attempts were taken to unmask novel therapeutics to prevent metastasis and cancer progression. Initially, we explored the physiochemical, structural and functional insights of three metastasis tumor antigens (MTAs) and evaluated some plant based bioactive compounds as potent MTA inhibitors. From 50 plant metabolites screened, isoflavone, gingerol, citronellal and asiatic acid showed maximum binding affinity with all three MTA proteins. The ADME analysis detected no undesirable toxicity that could reduce the drug likeness properties of top plant metabolites. Moreover, molecular dynamics studies revealed that the complexes were stable and showed minimum fluctuation at molecular level. We further performed ligand based virtual screening to identify similar drug molecules using a large collection of 3,76,342 compounds from DrugBank. The results suggested that several structural analogs (e.g. Tramadol, Nabumetone, DGLA, Hydrocortisone) may act as agonist to block the MTA proteins and inhibit cancer progression at early stage. The study could be useful to develop effective medications against cancer metastasis in future. Due to encouraging results, we highly recommend furtherin vitroandin vivotrials for the experimental validation of the findings.
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11
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Haghverdi MK, Moslemi E. Expression Rate and PAX5 Gene Methylation in the Blood of People Suffering from Gastric Cancer. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:1571-1576. [PMID: 30337967 PMCID: PMC6182546 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is one of the most important health issues in the world. Considering the lack of plenty of pre-awarenesses, the survival of gastric cancer is still quite disappointing. Methylation of PAX5 gene promoter is observed in most cancer cells of a human. A study has shown that PAX5 is a new tumoral suppressor in gastric cancer and methylation of the PAX5 promoter is associated with the survival rate of gastric cancer. AIM: The present research seeks to study the expression rate and methylation of the PAX5 gene in the blood of patients who have gastric cancer to be used as a biomarker in this type of cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Real-time PCR technique was used to assess expression of PAX5 gene, while the methylation status of PAX5 gene promoter in the blood samples of people who have gastric cancer versus blood samples obtained from normal Iranian population was studied using MS PCR technique. RESULTS: The final results pointed to the fact that expression of PAX5 in blood samples obtained from those who have gastric cancer is much less than what is observed in normal blood samples. A significant correlation was also observed between expression of this gene and age and promoter methylation rate. The results of methylation also indicated that 28% of PAX5 gene promoters among patients were methylated, while all normal samples were non-methylated. CONCLUSION: Studying the decrease observed in PAX5 gene expression and the rise in promoter methylation can be utilised as a biomarker to enhance pre-awareness of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elham Moslemi
- Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Dong BW, Zhang WB, Qi SM, Yan CY, Gao J. Transactivation of PTGS2 by PAX5 signaling potentiates cisplatin resistance in muscle-invasive bladder cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2293-2300. [PMID: 29964012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP)-based systematic chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, acquired resistance to CDDP, a multifactorial process governed by an array of signals acting at different levels, is the major problem in BC treatment. Here, we report for the first time that, expression of Paired-box gene 5 (PAX5), a B-cell essential transcription factor, was significantly induced in CDDP-resistant BC tissues and in experimentally-induced CDDP-resistant BC cells. Inhibition of PAX5 expression by shRNA treatment effectively improved CDDP sensitivity in BC cells, whereas overexpression of PAX5 potentiated CDDP resistance through supporting BC cell survival. Mechanistically, using luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we identified prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2, also called COX2), a potent enzyme responsible for prostanoids formation and inflammatory response, as the direct down-stream target of PAX5. PAX5 exerted its oncogenic function during the pathogenesis of CDDP resistance via stimulation of PTGS2 transcription. These observations collectively suggest that dysregulation of PAX5/PTGS2 cascade plays a causal role in the induction of CDDP resistance and gene silencing approaches targeting this pathway may therefore provide a novel therapeutic strategy for overcoming CDDP resistance in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Wei Dong
- Department of Pathology, Xian Yang Central Hospital, Xian Yang, 712000, China.
| | - Wei-Bo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xian Yang Central Hospital, Xian Yang, 712000, China
| | - Shu-Min Qi
- Department of Pathology, Xian Yang Rainbow Hospital, Xian Yang, 712000, China
| | - Chang-You Yan
- Family Planning Service Stations of Health and Family Planning Commission of Chengcheng County, Weinan City, 714000, China
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, China
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Kurimoto K, Hayashi M, Guerrero-Preston R, Koike M, Kanda M, Hirabayashi S, Tanabe H, Takano N, Iwata N, Niwa Y, Takami H, Kobayashi D, Tanaka C, Yamada S, Nakayama G, Sugimoto H, Fujii T, Fujiwara M, Kodera Y. PAX5 gene as a novel methylation marker that predicts both clinical outcome and cisplatin sensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Epigenetics 2017; 12:865-874. [PMID: 29099287 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2017.1365207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies for esophageal cancer largely depend on histopathological assessment. To select appropriate treatments of individual patients, we examined the background molecular characteristics of tumor malignancy and sensitivity to multidisciplinary therapy. Seventy-eight surgically-resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cases during 2001-2013 were examined. PAX5, a novel gene methylation marker in ESCC, was evaluated in the specimens, as methylation of this gene was identified as an extremely tumor-specific event in squamous cell carcinogenesis of head and neck. PAX5 methylation status was evaluated by quantitative MSP (QMSP) assays. Mean QMSP value was 15.7 (0-136.3) in ESCCs and 0.3 (0-8.6) in adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.001). The 78 cases were divided into high QMSP value (high QMSP, n = 26) and low QMSP value (low QMSP, n = 52). High QMSP cases were significantly associated with downregulated PAX5 expression (P = 0.040), and showed significantly poor recurrence-free survival [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 2.84; P = 0.005; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.39-5.81] and overall survival (HR = 3.23; P = 0.002; 95%CI: 1.52-7.01) in multivariable analyses with histopathological factors. PAX5-knockdown cells exhibited significantly increased cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance. PAX5 gene methylation can predict poor survival outcomes and cisplatin sensitivity in ESCCs and could be a useful diagnostic tool for cancer therapy selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kurimoto
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Masamichi Hayashi
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Rafael Guerrero-Preston
- b Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Masahiko Koike
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Mitsuro Kanda
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Sho Hirabayashi
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanabe
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Nao Takano
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Naoki Iwata
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Yukiko Niwa
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Hideki Takami
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Chie Tanaka
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Suguru Yamada
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Goro Nakayama
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sugimoto
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujii
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Michitaka Fujiwara
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- a Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
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Malisetty VL, Penugurti V, Panta P, Chitta SK, Manavathi B. MTA1 expression in human cancers - Clinical and pharmacological significance. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:956-964. [PMID: 28915537 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Remarkably, majority of the cancer deaths are due to metastasis, not because of primary tumors. Metastasis is one of the important hallmarks of cancer. During metastasis invasion of primary tumor cells from the site of origin to a new organ occurs. Metastasis associated proteins (MTAs) are a small family of transcriptional coregulators that are closely associated with tumor metastasis. These proteins are integral components of nuclear remodeling and deacetylation complex (NuRD). By virtue of being integral components of NuRD, these proteins regulate the gene expression by altering the epigenetic changes such as acetylation and methylation on the target gene chromatin. Among the MTA proteins, MTA1 expression is very closely correlated with the aggressiveness of several cancers that includes breast, liver, colon, pancreas, prostate, blood, esophageal, gastro-intestinal etc. Considering its close association with aggressiveness in human cancers, MTA1 may be considered as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. The recent developments in its crystal structure further strengthened the idea of developing small molecule inhibitors for MTA1. In this review, we discuss the recent trends on the diverse functions of MTA1 and its role in various cancers, with the focus to consider MTA1 as a 'druggable' target in the control of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasudevarao Penugurti
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Prashanth Panta
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Chitta
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, AP, India
| | - Bramanandam Manavathi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
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Upregulation of Human ST8Sia VI (α2,8-Sialyltransferase) Gene Expression by Physcion in SK-N-BE(2)-C Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081246. [PMID: 27490539 PMCID: PMC5000644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, we firstly demonstrated that physcion, an anthraquinone derivative, specifically increased the expression of the human α2,8-sialyltransferase (hST8Sia VI) gene in SK-N-BE(2)-C human neuroblastoma cells. To establish the mechanism responsible for the up-regulation of hST8Sia VI gene expression in physcion-treated SK-N-BE(2)-C cells, the putative promoter region of the hST8Sia VI gene was functionally characterized. Promoter analysis with serially truncated fragments of the 5′-flanking region showed that the region between −320 and −240 is crucial for physcion-induced transcription of hST8Sia VI in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells. Putative binding sites for transcription factors Pax-5 and NF-Y are located at this region. The Pax-5 binding site at −262 to −256 was essential for the expression of the hST8Sia VI gene by physcion in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells. Moreover, the transcription of hST8Sia VI induced by physcion in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells was inhibited by extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) inhibitor U0126 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580, but not c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125. These results suggest that physcion upregulates hST8Sia VI gene expression via ERK and p38 MAPK pathways in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells.
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16
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Guo J, Zhang T, Yu J, Li HZ, Zhao C, Qiu J, Zhao B, Zhao J, Li W, Zhao TZ. Neuroprotective effects of a chromatin modifier on ischemia/reperfusion neurons: implication of its regulation of BCL2 transactivation by ERα signaling. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 364:475-488. [PMID: 26728277 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-mediated neuroprotective effects is valuable for the development of therapeutic strategy against neuronal ischemic injury. Here, we report the upregulated expression of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), a master chromatin modifier and transcriptional regulator, in the murine middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Inhibition of MTA1 expression by in vivo short interfering RNA treatment potentiated neuronal apoptosis in a caspase-3-dependent manner and thereafter aggravated MCAO-induced neuronal damage. Mechanistically, the pro-survival effects of MTA1 required the participation of ERα signaling. We also provide in vitro evidence that MTA1 enhances the binding of ERα with the BCL2 promoter upon ischemic insults via recruitment of HDAC2 together with other unidentified coregulators, thus promoting the ERα-mediated transactivation of the BCL2 gene. Collectively, our results suggest that the augmentation of endogenous MTA1 expression during neuronal ischemic injury acts additionally to an endocrinous cascade orchestrating intimate interactions between ERα and BCL2 pathways and operates as an indispensable defensive mechanism in response to neuronal ischemia/reperfusion stress. Future studies in this field will shed light on the modulation of the complicated neuroprotective effects by estrogen signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Zeng Li
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Shenyang, 110015, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tian-Zhi Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China.
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Wang H, Dong BW, Zheng ZH, Wu ZB, Li W, Ding J. Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) signaling in rheumatoid synovium: Regulation of inflammatory response and cytokine-mediated production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:442-8. [PMID: 26970310 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal perpetual inflammatory response and sequential cytokine-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) play important roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The underlying regulatory mechanism, however, remain largely unknown. Here, we discovered that expression level of Metastasis associated protein 1 (MTA1), an important chromatin modifier that plays a critical role in transcriptional regulation by modifying DNA accessibility for cofactors, was upregulated in human rheumatoid synovial tissues. Furthermore, a knockdown of MTA1 by siRNA in the human fibroblast-like synovial cell line MH7A was found to impair the 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE)-induced transcriptional expression levels of certain proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6. Moreover, endogenous MTA1 was required for the cytokines-induced PGE2 synthesis by rheumatoid synoviocytes. Collectively, the coordinated existence of MTA1 inside distinct cascade loops points to its indispensable role in the modulation of the integrated cytokine network along the pathogenesis of RA. Further exploration of the functional details of this master transcriptional regulator should be an attractive strategy to identify novel therapeutic target for RA and warrants execution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Bing-Wei Dong
- Department of Pathology, Xian Yang Central Hospital, Xian Yang, 712000, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhen-Biao Wu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jin Ding
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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18
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Structure, expression and functions of MTA genes. Gene 2016; 582:112-21. [PMID: 26869315 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic associated proteins (MTA) are integrators of upstream regulatory signals with the ability to act as master coregulators for modifying gene transcriptional activity. The MTA family includes three genes and multiple alternatively spliced variants. The MTA proteins neither have their own enzymatic activity nor have been shown to directly interact with DNA. However, MTA proteins interact with a variety of chromatin remodeling factors and complexes with enzymatic activities for modulating the plasticity of nucleosomes, leading to the repression or derepression of target genes or other extra-nuclear and nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase (NuRD)-complex independent activities. The functions of MTA family members are driven by the steady state levels and subcellular localization of MTA proteins, the dynamic nature of modifying signals and enzymes, the structural features and post-translational modification of protein domains, interactions with binding proteins, and the nature of the engaged and resulting features of nucleosomes in the proximity of target genes. In general, MTA1 and MTA2 are the most upregulated genes in human cancer and correlate well with aggressive phenotypes, therapeutic resistance, poor prognosis and ultimately, unfavorable survival of cancer patients. Here we will discuss the structure, expression and functions of the MTA family of genes in the context of cancer cells.
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Xu C, Hua F, Chen Y, Huang H, Ye W, Yu Y, Shen Z. MTA1 promotes metastasis of MPM via suppression of E-cadherin. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2015; 34:151. [PMID: 26689197 PMCID: PMC4687136 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis-associated gene 1(MTA1) has been identified as an oncogene in many tumors, and aberrant MTA1 expression has been linked to carcinogenesis and metastasis. We aim to investigate the mechanism of MTA1 and metastasis in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemical staining were employed to detect MTA1 and E-cadherin expression in MPM tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues. Stable clone with knock-down of MTA1 was generated with shRNA via lentivirus technology in MPM cell lines. Wound-healing assay, transwell assay and PCR array were carried out for detecting invasion and migration of MPM cells. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to validate the effect of MTA1 on E-cadherin. RESULTS MTA1 expression is up-regulated in MPM and shown a negative correlation with E-cadherin expression. MTA1 could enhance the invasion and migration of MPM cells via suppressing the expression of E-cadherin. MTA1 overexpression is associated with pathology, metastasis and survival rate of MPM patients. CONCLUSIONS MTA1 plays an important role in Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to promote metastasis via suppressing E-cadherin expression, resulting in a poor prognosis in MPM. MTA1 is a novel biomarker and indicative of a poor prognosis in MPM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihua Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Fei Hua
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Yihuan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Haoyue Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Wenxue Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Yunsheng Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
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Pan Y, Wang L, Kang SG, Lu Y, Yang Z, Huynh T, Chen C, Zhou R, Guo M, Zhao Y. Gd-Metallofullerenol Nanomaterial Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis by Inhibiting the Interaction of Histone Deacetylase 1 and Metastasis-Associated Protein 1. ACS NANO 2015; 9:6826-36. [PMID: 26083726 DOI: 10.1021/nn506782f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of pancreatic cancer frequently fails due to local recurrence and hepatic metastasis. Our previous study found that Gd@C82(OH)22 can suppress pancreatic cancer by inhibiting MMP-2/9 expression. In this study, we further explored the epigenetic mechanism of Gd@C82(OH)22 in human pancreatic cancer metastasis. Gd@C82(OH)22 suppressed tumor metastasis through down-regulation of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), HDAC1, HIF-1α, and MMP-2/9 and up-regulation of reversion-cysteine protein with the Kazal motif (RECK). The level of acetylation was increased in the promoter region of the RECK gene after Gd@C82(OH)22 treatment. The interaction of MTA1, HDAC1, and HIF-1α was inhibited by Gd@C82(OH)22. Furthermore, large-scale molecular dynamics simulations revealed Gd@C82(OH)22 could serve as an effective HDAC inhibitor to the protein-protein association between HDAC1 and MTA1, especially through MTA1's SANT and ELM2 dimerization domains. Our findings implicate Gd@C82(OH)22 as a novel HDAC inhibitor acting to increase RECK expression by suppressing the MTA1/HDAC1 co-repressor complex. Gd@C82(OH)22 may serve as a potential HDAC1 inhibitor to suppress pancreatic cancer cell invasion and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. According to computer analysis and experimental validation, Gd@C82(OH)22 activates RECK expression by inhibiting the interaction of HDAC1 and MTA1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liming Wang
- ‡CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Seung-gu Kang
- §Computational Biology Center, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center,1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
| | | | - Zaixing Yang
- ⊥Institute of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, SRMP and RAD-X, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tien Huynh
- §Computational Biology Center, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center,1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
| | - Chunying Chen
- ‡CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- §Computational Biology Center, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center,1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
- ⊥Institute of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, SRMP and RAD-X, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | | | - Yuliang Zhao
- ‡CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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21
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Correction: Identification of Pax5 as a Target of MTA1 in B-cell Lymphomas. Cancer Res 2015; 75:2580-1. [PMID: 25948590 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Abstract
Since the initial recognition of the metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) as a metastasis-relevant gene approximately 20 years ago, our appreciation for the complex role of the MTA family of coregulatory proteins in human cancer has profoundly grown. MTA proteins consist of six family members with similar structural units and act as central signaling nodes for integrating upstream signals into regulatory chromatin-remodeling networks, leading to regulation of gene expression in cancer cells. Substantial experimental and clinical evidence demonstrates that MTA proteins, particularly MTA1, are frequently deregulated in a wide range of human cancers. The MTA family governs cell survival, the invasive and metastatic phenotypes of cancer cells, and the aggressiveness of cancer and the prognosis of patients with MTA1 overexpressing cancers. Our discussion here highlights our current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and functional roles of MTA proteins in cancer progression and expands upon the potential implications of MTA proteins in cancer biology and cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Qiang Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Epigenetics in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas M.D., Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Liu J, Wang H, Ma F, Xu D, Chang Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Zhao M, Lin C, Huang C, Qian H, Zhan Q. MTA1 regulates higher-order chromatin structure and histone H1-chromatin interaction in-vivo. Mol Oncol 2015; 9:218-35. [PMID: 25205035 PMCID: PMC5528677 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, for the first time, we found that metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) was a higher-order chromatin structure organizer that decondenses the interphase chromatin and mitotic chromosomes. MTA1 interacts dynamically with nucleosomes during the cell cycle progression, prominently contributing to the mitotic chromatin/chromosome structure transitions at both prophase and telophase. We showed that the decondensation of interphase chromatin by MTA1 was independent of Mi-2 chromatin remodeling activity. H1 was reported to stabilize the compact higher-order chromatin structure through its interaction with DNA. Our data showed that MTA1 caused a reduced H1-chromatin interaction in-vivo. Moreover, the dynamic MTA1-chromatin interaction in the cell cycle contributed to the periodical H1-chromatin interaction, which in turn modulated chromatin/chromosome transitions. Although MTA1 drove a global decondensation of chromatin structure, it changed the expression of only a small proportion of genes. After MTA1 overexpression, the up-regulated genes were distributed in clusters along with down-regulated genes on chromosomes at parallel frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Medical Research Center, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Haijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Dongkui Xu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yanan Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Changzhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Haili Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Qimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China.
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Ning Z, Gan J, Chen C, Zhang D, Zhang H. Molecular functions and significance of the MTA family in hormone-independent cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2014; 33:901-19. [PMID: 25341508 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-014-9517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The members of the metastasis-associated protein (MTA) family play pivotal roles in both physiological and pathophysiological processes, especially in cancer development and metastasis, and their role as master regulators has come to light. Due to the fact that they were first identified as crucial factors in estrogen receptor-mediated breast cancer metastasis, most of the early studies focused on their hormone-dependent functions. However, the accumulating evidence shows that the members of MTA family are deregulated in most, if not all, the cancers studied so far. Therefore, the levels as well as the activities of the MTA family members are widely accepted as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and predictors of overall survival. They function differently in different cancers with specific mechanisms. p53 and HIF-1α appear to be the respectively common upstream and downstream regulator of the MTA family in both development and metastasis of a wide spectrum of cancers. Here, we review the expression and clinical significance of the MTA family, focusing on hormone-independent cancers. To illustrate the molecular mechanisms, we analyze the MTA family-related signaling pathways in different cancers. Finally, targeting the MTA family directly or the pathways involved in the MTA family indirectly could be invaluable strategies in the development of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Ning
- Laboratory for Translational Oncology, Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, 437100, China
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25
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of 20-24 nt small non-coding RNAs that regulate a wide range of biological processes through changing the stability and translation of their target messenger RNA (mRNA) genes. Shortly after their identification, many miRNA genes have been found dysregulated in a variety of human cancers, indicating a pathological function of this gene class in mediating cancer progression. Over the past decade, accumulated literature has shown that miRNAs participate in numerous cancer-relevant processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, metabolism, and importantly, metastasis, which accounts for the mortality of approximately 90 % of cancer patients. Several recent publications have linked miRNAs with metastasis-associated protein (MTA) family members. Given the fact that the MTA family members are widely overexpressed in human cancers and their nature of serving as both corepressor and coactivator in gene regulation, it is intriguing to study whether certain miRNAs regulate cancer progression through modulating the expression of MTA family members. In this review, we will focus on recent advances in understanding the regulatory relationship between certain miRNAs and MTA family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
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26
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Abstract
Metastasis-associated gene or metastasis tumor antigen 1 (MTA1) is a new member of cancer progression-related gene family. It was first identified in rat mammary adenocarcinoma and later recognized as an important constituent of nucleosomal remodeling complex (NuRD), displaying dual regulatory functions as a co-repressor and co-activator for a large number of genes. Chromatin remodelers are ATP-dependent multi-protein chromatin modifying machines. These complexes alter the nucleosome positioning regulating the accessibility of genomic DNA to various transcription factors and thus modulate eukaryotic gene transcription. Since its identification two decades ago, MTA1 has been reported to be overexpressed in many cancers. Moreover, its overexpression has also been correlated with transformation and tumor progression. Furthermore, MTA1 has been shown to modulate the response of several tumor suppressor genes like p53 and oncogenes like c-myc. Taken together, current literature suggests that MTA proteins, especially MTA1, act as a master co-regulatory molecule involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of various malignant tumors. The primary focus of this review is to provide an overview of the MTA proteins with special emphasis on its role in cancer and use as a marker for cancer progression and potential target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekjot Kaur
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Center, Navi Mumbai, India
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27
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Abstract
The subcellular localization of a protein is closely linked to and indicates its function. The metastatic tumor antigen (MTA) family has been under continuous investigation since its identification two decades ago. MTA1, MTA2, and MTA3 are the main members of the MTA family. MTA1, as the representative member of this family, has been shown to be widely expressed in both embryonic and adult tissues, as well as in normal and cancerous conditions, indicating that MTA1 has functions both in physiological and pathological contexts. MTA1 is expressed at a higher level in most cancers than in their normal tissue counterparts. Even in normal cells, MTA1 levels vary a great deal from tissue to tissue. Importantly, MTA1 shows a multiple localization pattern in the cell, as do MTA2 and MTA3. Different MTA components in different subcellular compartments may exert different molecular functions in the cell. Previous studies revealed that MTA1 and MTA2 are predominately localized to the nucleus, while MTA3 is observed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Recent studies have reported that MTA1 is located in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and the nuclear envelope. In the nucleus, MTA1 dynamically interacts with chromatin in a MTA1-K532 methylation-dependent manner, whereas cytoplasmic MTA1 binds to the microtubule skeleton. MTA1 also shows a dynamic distribution during the cell cycle. Further investigations are needed to identify the exact subcellular localizations of MTA proteins. We review the sub-cellular localization patterns of the MTA family members and give a comprehensive overview of their respective molecular activities in multiple contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
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Levenson AS, Kumar A, Zhang X. MTA family of proteins in prostate cancer: biology, significance, and therapeutic opportunities. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2014; 33:929-42. [PMID: 25332143 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-014-9519-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of MTA family members, particularly MTA1, with a special emphasis on prostate cancer. The interest for the role of MTA1 in prostate cancer was boosted from our initial findings of MTA1 as a component of "vicious cycle" and a member of bone metastatic signature. Analysis of human prostate tissues, xenograft and transgenic mouse models of prostate cancer, and prostate cancer cell lines has provided support for the role of MTA1 in advanced disease and its potential role in initial stages of prostate tumor progression. Recent discoveries have highlighted a critical role for MTA1 in inflammation-triggered prostate tumorigenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, prostate cancer survival pathways, and site metastasis. Evidence for MTA1 as an upstream negative regulator of tumor suppressor genes such as p53 and PTEN has also emerged. MTA1 is involved in prostate tumor angiogenesis by regulating several pro-angiogenic factors. Evidence for MTA1 as a prognostic marker for aggressive prostate cancer and disease recurrence has been described. Importantly, pharmacological dietary agents, namely resveratrol and its analogs, are potentially applicable to prostate cancer prevention, treatment, and control of cancer progression due to their potent inhibitory effects on MTA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anait S Levenson
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA,
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29
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Liu J, Xu D, Wang H, Zhang Y, Chang Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Li C, Liu H, Zhao M, Lin C, Zhan Q, Huang C, Qian H. The subcellular distribution and function of MTA1 in cancer differentiation. Oncotarget 2014; 5:5153-64. [PMID: 24970816 PMCID: PMC4148129 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The functions and mechanisms of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) in cancer progression are still unclear due to a lagged recognition of the subcellular localization. In the present study, using multiple molecular technologies we confirmed for the first time that MTA1 localizes to the nucleus, cytoplasm and nuclear envelope. MTA1 is primarily localized in the nucleus of normal adult tissues but in the cytoplasm of embryonic tissues. While in colon cancer, both distributions have been described. Further investigation revealed that MTA1 localizes on the nuclear envelope in a translocated promoter region (TPR)-dependent manner, while in the cytoplasm, MTA1 shows an obvious localization on microtubules. Both nuclear and cytoplasmic MTA1 are associated with cancer progression. However, these functions may be associated with different mechanisms because only nuclear MTA1 has been associated with cancer differentiation. Overexpression of MTA1 in HCT116 cells inhibited differentiation and promoted proliferation, whereas MTA1 knockdown resulted in cell differentiation and death. Theses results not only suggest that nuclear MTA1 is a good marker for cancer differentiation diagnosis and a potential target for the treatment of cancers but also reveal the necessity to differentially examine the functions of nuclear and cytoplasmic MTA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Medical Research Center, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongkui Xu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology Minimally Invasive Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Chang
- Department of Gynecology Minimally Invasive Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changzhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haili Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Weng W, Yin J, Zhang Y, Qiu J, Wang X. Metastasis-associated protein 1 promotes tumor invasion by downregulation of E-cadherin. Int J Oncol 2014; 44:812-8. [PMID: 24424621 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. Upregulation of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) has been reported to contribute to the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, the objective of our study was to identify the molecular mechanisms of MTA1 underlying the invasion and metastasis of ESCC. We overexpressed MTA1 in ESCC cells to examine the role of MTA1 in the regulation of the cell invasion. In addition, using luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we evaluated the binding of MTA1 to the promoter of E-cadherin. We found that MTA1 overexpression promotes invasiveness of the human esophageal carcinoma cell line EC-9706. This effect was accompanied by downregulation of the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin and upregulation of vimentin and MMP-9 luciferase reporter assays showed that MTA1 inhibited the promoter activity of E-cadherin and that this was dependent on Snail, Slug and HDAC1. We also found that Snail and Slug bound the E-boxes in the promoter of E-cadherin and recruited MTA1 and HDAC1 to suppress E-cadherin expression, as confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. MTA1 promotes tumor invasion by downregulation of E-cadherin. These results demonstrate a novel role for MTA1 in the regulation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma invasion and provide insight into the mechanisms involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Weng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Jiayi Yin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Xinghe Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
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Pakala SB, Rayala SK, Wang RA, Ohshiro K, Mudvari P, Reddy SDN, Zheng Y, Pires R, Casimiro S, Pillai MR, Costa L, Kumar R. MTA1 promotes STAT3 transcription and pulmonary metastasis in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2013; 73:3761-70. [PMID: 23580571 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-3998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the prometastatic chromatin modifier protein metastasis tumor antigen 1 (MTA1) in human cancer contributes to tumor aggressiveness, but the role of endogenous MTA1 in cancer has not been explored. Here, we report the effects of selective genetic depletion of MTA1 in a physiologically relevant spontaneous mouse model of breast cancer pulmonary metastasis. We found that MTA1 acts as a mandatory modifier of breast-to-lung metastasis without effects on primary tumor formation. The underlying mechanism involved MTA1-dependent stimulation of STAT3 transcription through action on the MTA1/STAT3/Pol II coactivator complex, and, in turn, on the expression and functions of STAT3 target genes including Twist1. Accordingly, we documented a positive correlation between levels of MTA1 and STAT3 in publicly available breast cancer data sets. Together, our findings reveal an essential modifying role of the physiologic level of MTA1 in supporting pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh B Pakala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA
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32
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Nair SS, Li DQ, Kumar R. A core chromatin remodeling factor instructs global chromatin signaling through multivalent reading of nucleosome codes. Mol Cell 2013; 49:704-18. [PMID: 23352453 PMCID: PMC3582764 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
ATP-dependent NuRD repressor complexes involve combinatorial assembly of its subunits. However, the mechanism of gene transcription by MTA1/NuRD remains enigmatic. Here we report that MTA1 methylation by G9a methytransferase and demethylation by LSD1 determines the nucleosome remodeling and transcriptional outcome. Contrary to the current static repressor model of the NuRD complex, we discovered that MTA1 association with nucleosomes and corepressor/coactivator complexes is dynamic. While methylated MTA1 is required for the NuRD repressor complex, demethylated MTA1 recognizes the bivalent histone H3K4-AcK9 mark and recruits coactivator NURF-trithorax remodeling complex in a signaling-dependent manner. MTA1's lysine 532 methylation represents a molecular switch as methylated and demethylated MTA1 nucleate NuRD or NURF complexes with opposite functions in a cyclical manner. In addition, MTA1 possesses an inherent histone amplifier activity with an instructive role in impacting the epigenetic landscape, providing a new perspective to the molecular governance of dual coregulator functions of a master coregulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit S. Nair
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, 20037, USA
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, 20037, USA
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, 20037, USA
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Salot S, Gude R. MTA1-mediated transcriptional repression of SMAD7 in breast cancer cell lines. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49:492-9. [PMID: 22841502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a complex process facilitated by the action of several genes. Metastasis associated 1 (MTA1) gene is one such gene which assists the process of metastasis by regulating several molecular targets. MTA1 acts as part of a nucleosome remodelling and histone deacetylation complex, which is involved in transcriptional regulation. Expression of MTA1 has been shown to be closely correlated with aggressiveness in several types of cancers, including breast cancer. In the present study we show that MTA1 regulates SMAD7, a component of Transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signalling. TGFbeta signals are transduced to the nucleus by the Smad family of proteins, which includes Smad7, an inhibitory SMAD, which acts as a negative regulator of TGFbeta. On knockdown of MTA1, SMAD7 expression increases. Treating cells with a histone deacetylase inhibitor also increases SMAD7 expression. MTA1 is recruited to SMAD7 promoter region. SMAD7 inhibits activation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 and we show that the levels of these active SMAD proteins are decreased in cells expressing shRNA against MTA1. We further show that on MTA1 knockdown, the expression of downstream targets of SMAD7 is decreased. MTA1 thus appears to regulate a key inhibitor of TGFbeta signalling, SMAD7. By regulating molecules like SMAD7 MTA1 might assist the process of tumourigenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimul Salot
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.
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34
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Li DQ, Pakala SB, Reddy SDN, Peng S, Balasenthil S, Deng CX, Lee CC, Rea MA, Kumar R. Metastasis-associated protein 1 is an integral component of the circadian molecular machinery. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2545. [PMID: 24089055 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clock regulates the daily cycles of many important physiological processes, but its mechanism is not well understood. Here we provide genetic and biochemical evidence that metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), a widely upregulated gene product in human cancers, is an integral component of the circadian molecular machinery. Knockout of MTA1 in mice disrupts the free-running period of circadian rhythms under constant light and normal entrainment of behaviour to 12-h-light/12-h-dark cycles. The CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer activates MTA1 transcription through a conserved E-box element at its promoter. MTA1, in turn, interacts with and recruits CLOCK-BMAL1 at its own and CRY1 promoters and promotes their transcription. Moreover, MTA1 deacetylates BMAL1 at lysine 538 through regulating deacetylase SIRT1 expression, thus disturbing the CRY1-mediated negative feedback loop. These findings uncover a previously unappreciated role for MTA1 in maintenance of circadian rhythmicity through acting on the positive limb of the clock machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Qiang Li
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA [2]
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35
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Reddy SDN, Pakala SB, Molli PR, Sahni N, Karanam NK, Mudvari P, Kumar R. Metastasis-associated protein 1/histone deacetylase 4-nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex regulates phosphatase and tensin homolog gene expression and function. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:27843-50. [PMID: 22700976 PMCID: PMC3431680 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.348474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is widely overexpressed in human cancers and is associated with malignant phenotypic changes contributing to morbidity in the associated diseases. Here we discovered for the first time that MTA1, a master chromatin modifier, transcriptionally represses the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor gene, by recruiting class II histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) along with the transcription factor Yin-Yang 1 (YY1) onto the PTEN promoter. We also found evidence of an inverse correlation between the expression levels of MTA1 and PTEN in physiologically relevant breast cancer microarray datasets. We found that MTA1 up-regulation leads to a decreased expression of PTEN protein and stimulation of PI3K as well as phosphorylation of its signaling targets. Accordingly, selective down-regulation of MTA1 in breast cancer cells increases PTEN expression and inhibits stimulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling. Collectively, these findings provide a mechanistic role for MTA1 in transcriptional repression of PTEN, leading to modulation of the resulting signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirigiri Divijendra Natha Reddy
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Suresh B. Pakala
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Poonam R. Molli
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Neil Sahni
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Narasimha Kumar Karanam
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Prakriti Mudvari
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
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Kwintkiewicz J, Padilla-Banks E, Jefferson WN, Jacobs IM, Wade PA, Williams CJ. Metastasis-associated protein 3 (MTA3) regulates G2/M progression in proliferating mouse granulosa cells. Biol Reprod 2012; 86:1-8. [PMID: 22075476 PMCID: PMC3316264 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.096032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 09/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-associated protein 3 (MTA3) is a constituent of the Mi-2/nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) protein complex that regulates gene expression by altering chromatin structure and can facilitate cohesin loading onto DNA. The biological function of MTA3 within the NuRD complex is unknown. Herein, we show that MTA3 was expressed highly in granulosa cell nuclei of all ovarian follicle stages and at lower levels in corpora lutea. We tested the hypothesis that MTA3-NuRD complex function is required for granulosa cell proliferation. In the ovary, MTA3 interacted with NuRD proteins CHD4 and HDAC1 and the core cohesin complex protein RAD21. In cultured mouse primary granulosa cells, depletion of endogenous MTA3 using RNA interference slowed cell proliferation; this effect was rescued by coexpression of exogenous MTA3. Slowing of cell proliferation correlated with a significant decrease in cyclin B1 and cyclin B2 expression. Granulosa cell populations lacking MTA3 contained a significantly higher percentage of cells in G2/M phase and a lower percentage in S phase compared with control cells. Furthermore, MTA3 depletion slowed entry into M phase as indicated by reduced phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10. These findings provide the first evidence to date that MTA3 interacts with NuRD and cohesin complex proteins in the ovary in vivo and regulates G2/M progression in proliferating granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kwintkiewicz
- Reproductive Medicine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Elizabeth Padilla-Banks
- Reproductive Medicine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Wendy N. Jefferson
- Reproductive Medicine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Ilana M. Jacobs
- Reproductive Medicine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Paul A. Wade
- Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation Group, Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Carmen J. Williams
- Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation Group, Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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Sankaran D, Pakala SB, Nair VS, Sirigiri DNR, Cyanam D, Ha NH, Li DQ, Santhoshkumar TR, Pillai MR, Kumar R. Mechanism of MTA1 protein overexpression-linked invasion: MTA1 regulation of hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR) expression and function. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:5483-91. [PMID: 22203674 PMCID: PMC3285325 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.324632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though the hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR), a cell surface oncogenic protein, is widely up-regulated in human cancers and correlates well with cell motility and invasion, the underlying molecular and nature of its putative upstream regulation remain unknown. Here, we found for the first time that MTA1 (metastatic tumor antigen 1), a master chromatin modifier, regulates the expression of HMMR and, consequently, its function in breast cancer cell motility and invasiveness. We recognized a positive correlation between the levels of MTA1 and HMMR in human cancer. Furthermore, MTA1 is required for optimal expression of HMMR. The underlying mechanism includes interaction of the MTA1·RNA polymerase II·c-Jun coactivator complex with the HMMR promoter to stimulates its transcription. Accordingly, selective siRNA-mediated knockdown of HMMR in breast cancer cells substantially reduces the invasion and migration of cells. These findings reveal a regulatory role for MTA1 as an upstream coactivator of HMMR expression and resulting biological phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivendran Sankaran
- From the Integrated Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India and
| | - Suresh B. Pakala
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Vasudha S. Nair
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Divijendra Natha Reddy Sirigiri
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Dinesh Cyanam
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Ngoc-Han Ha
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - T. R. Santhoshkumar
- From the Integrated Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India and
| | - M. Radhakrishna Pillai
- From the Integrated Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India and
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- From the Integrated Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India and
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
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Li DQ, Pakala SB, Nair SS, Eswaran J, Kumar R. Metastasis-associated protein 1/nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase complex in cancer. Cancer Res 2012; 72:387-94. [PMID: 22253283 PMCID: PMC3261506 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells frequently exhibit deregulation of coregulatory molecules to drive the process of growth and metastasis. One such group of ubiquitously expressed coregulators is the metastasis-associated protein (MTA) family, a critical component of the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase (NuRD) complex. MTA1 occupies a special place in cancer biology because of its dual corepressor or coactivator nature and widespread overexpression in human cancers. Here, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the vital roles of MTA1 on transformation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and the functions of key cancer-relevant molecules such as a nexus of multiple oncogenes and tumor suppressors. In addition to its paramount role in oncogenesis, we reveal several new physiologic functions of MTA1 related to DNA damage, inflammatory responses, and infection, in which MTA1 functions as a permissive "gate keeper" for cancer-causing parasites. Further, these discoveries unraveled the versatile multidimensional modes of action of MTA1, which are independent of the NuRD complex and/or transcription. Given the emerging roles of MTA1 in DNA repair, inflammation, and parasitism, we discuss the possibility of MTA1-targeted therapy for use not only in combating cancer but also in other inflammation and pathogen-driven pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Qiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Suresh B. Pakala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Sujit S. Nair
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Jeyanthy Eswaran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
- McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India
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O'Brien P, Morin P, Ouellette RJ, Robichaud GA. The Pax-5 gene: a pluripotent regulator of B-cell differentiation and cancer disease. Cancer Res 2011; 71:7345-50. [PMID: 22127921 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-1874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Pax-5 oncogene encodes a potent transcription factor that plays a key role in B-cell development and cancerous processes. In normal B-lymphopoiesis, Pax-5 accomplishes a dual function by activating B-cell commitment genes while concomitantly repressing non-B-lineage genes. Given the pivotal importance of Pax-5-mediated processes in B-cell development, an aberrant regulation of Pax5 expression has consistently been associated with B-cell cancers, namely, lymphoma and lymphocytic leukemias. More recently, Pax-5 gene expression has been proposed to influence carcinogenic events in tissues of nonlymphoid origin by promoting cell growth and survival. However, in other cases, Pax-5 products have opposing effects on proliferative activity, thus redefining its generally accepted role as an oncogene in cancer. In this review, we attempt to summarize recent findings about the function and regulation of Pax-5 gene products in B-cell development and related cancers. In addition, we present new findings that highlight the pleiotropic effects of Pax-5 activity in a number of other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre O'Brien
- Département de Chimie et Biochimie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
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Abstract
The nucleosome remodelling and histone deacetylase (NuRD; also known as Mi-2) complex regulates gene expression at the level of chromatin. The NuRD complex has been identified - using both genetic and molecular analyses - as a key determinant of differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells and during development in various model systems. Similar to other chromatin remodellers, such as SWI/SNF and Polycomb complexes, NuRD has also been implicated in the regulation of transcriptional events that are integral to oncogenesis and cancer progression. Emerging molecular details regarding the recruitment of NuRD to specific loci during development, and the modulation of these events in cancer, are used to illustrate how the inappropriate localization of the complex could contribute to tumour biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Y Lai
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina NC 27709, USA.
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Li DQ, Pakala SB, Reddy SDN, Ohshiro K, Zhang JX, Wang L, Zhang Y, Moreno de Alborán I, Pillai MR, Eswaran J, Kumar R. Bidirectional autoregulatory mechanism of metastasis-associated protein 1-alternative reading frame pathway in oncogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:8791-6. [PMID: 21555589 PMCID: PMC3102345 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1018389108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), a component of the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation complex, is widely up-regulated in human cancers and correlates with tumor metastasis, its regulatory mechanism and related signaling pathways remain unknown. Here, we report a previously unrecognized bidirectional autoregulatory loop between MTA1 and tumor suppressor alternative reading frame (ARF). MTA1 transactivates ARF transcription by recruiting the transcription factor c-Jun onto the ARF promoter in a p53-independent manner. ARF, in turn, negatively regulates MTA1 expression independently of p53 and c-Myc. In this context, ARF interacts with transcription factor specificity protein 1 (SP1) and promotes its proteasomal degradation by enhancing its interaction with proteasome subunit regulatory particle ATPase 6, thereby abrogating the ability of SP1 to stimulate MTA1 transcription. ARF also physically associates with MTA1 and affects its protein stability. Thus, MTA1-mediated activation of ARF and ARF-mediated functional inhibition of MTA1 represent a p53-independent bidirectional autoregulatory mechanism in which these two opposites act in concert to regulate cell homeostasis and oncogenesis, depending on the cellular context and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Qiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | | | | | | | | | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Radiation Oncology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | | | | | - Jeyanthy Eswaran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
- McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
- McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India
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Pakala SB, Singh K, Reddy SDN, Ohshiro K, Li DQ, Mishra L, Kumar R. TGF-β1 signaling targets metastasis-associated protein 1, a new effector in epithelial cells. Oncogene 2011; 30:2230-41. [PMID: 21258411 PMCID: PMC3617575 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In spite of a large number of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-regulated genes, the nature of its targets with roles in transformation continues to be poorly understood. Here, we discovered that TGF-β1 stimulates transcription of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), a dual master coregulator, in epithelial cells, and that MTA1 status is a determinant of TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypes. In addition, we found that MTA1/polymerase II/activator protein-1 (AP-1) co-activator complex interacts with the FosB-gene chromatin and stimulates its transcription, and FosB in turn, utilizes FosB/histone deacetylase 2 complex to repress E-cadherin expression in TGF-β1-stimulated mammary epithelial cells. These findings suggest that TGF-β1 regulates the components of EMT via stimulating the expression of MTA1, which in turn, induces FosB to repress E-cadherin expression and thus, revealed an inherent function of MTA1 as a target and effector of TGF-β1 signaling in epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh B. Pakala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Kamini Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Sirigiri Divijendra Natha Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Kazufumi Ohshiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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Du B, Yang ZY, Zhong XY, Fang M, Yan YR, Qi GL, Pan YL, Zhou XL. Metastasis-associated protein 1 induces VEGF-C and facilitates lymphangiogenesis in colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:1219-26. [PMID: 21448429 PMCID: PMC3063917 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i9.1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the correlation between high metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) expression and lymphangiogenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its role in production of vascular endothelial growth factor-C(VEGF-C). METHODS Impact of high MTA1 and VEGF-C expression levels on disease progression and lymphovascular density (LVD, D2-40-immunolabeled) in 81 cases of human CRC was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. VEGF-C mRNA and protein expressions in human LoVo and HCT116 cell lines were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively, with a stable expression vector or siRNA. RESULTS The elevated MTA1 and VEGF-C expression levels were correlated with lymph node metastasis and Dukes stages (P < 0.05). Additionally, high MTA1 expression level was correlated with a large tumor size (P < 0.05). A significant correlation was found between MTA1 and VEGF-C protein expressions in tumor cells (r = 0.371, P < 0.05). Similar to the VEGF-C expression level, high MTA1 expression level was correlated with high LVD in CRC (P < 0.05). Furthermore, over-expression of MTA1 significantly enhanced the VEGF-C mRNA and protein expression levels, whereas siRNAs - knocked down MTA1 decreased the VEGF-C expression level. CONCLUSION MTA1, as a regulator of tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis, promotes lymphangiogenesis in CRC by mediating the VEGF-C expression.
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Ghanta KS, Li DQ, Eswaran J, Kumar R. Gene profiling of MTA1 identifies novel gene targets and functions. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17135. [PMID: 21364872 PMCID: PMC3045407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), a master dual co-regulatory protein is found to be an integral part of NuRD (Nucleosome Remodeling and Histone Deacetylation) complex, which has indispensable transcriptional regulatory functions via histone deacetylation and chromatin remodeling. Emerging literature establishes MTA1 to be a valid DNA-damage responsive protein with a significant role in maintaining the optimum DNA-repair activity in mammalian cells exposed to genotoxic stress. This DNA-damage responsive function of MTA1 was reported to be a P53-dependent and independent function. Here, we investigate the influence of P53 on gene regulation function of Mta1 to identify novel gene targets and functions of Mta1. Methods Gene expression analysis was performed on five different mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) samples (i) the Mta1 wild type, (ii) Mta1 knock out (iii) Mta1 knock out in which Mta1 was reintroduced (iv) P53 knock out (v) P53 knock out in which Mta1 was over expressed using Affymetrix Mouse Exon 1.0 ST arrays. Further Hierarchical Clustering, Gene Ontology analysis with GO terms satisfying corrected p-value<0.1, and the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis were performed. Finally, RT-qPCR was carried out on selective candidate genes. Significance/Conclusion This study represents a complete genome wide screen for possible target genes of a coregulator, Mta1. The comparative gene profiling of Mta1 wild type, Mta1 knockout and Mta1 re-expression in the Mta1 knockout conditions define “bona fide” Mta1 target genes. Further extensive analyses of the data highlights the influence of P53 on Mta1 gene regulation. In the presence of P53 majority of the genes regulated by Mta1 are related to inflammatory and anti-microbial responses whereas in the absence of P53 the predominant target genes are involved in cancer signaling. Thus, the presented data emphasizes the known functions of Mta1 and serves as a rich resource which could help us identify novel Mta1 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Sumanth Ghanta
- McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Jeyanthy Eswaran
- McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States of America
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Kai L, Wang J, Ivanovic M, Chung YT, Laskin WB, Schulze-Hoepfner F, Mirochnik Y, Satcher RL, Levenson AS. Targeting prostate cancer angiogenesis through metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1). Prostate 2011; 71:268-80. [PMID: 20717904 DOI: 10.1002/pros.21240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is overexpressed in many forms of cancer types but its role in prostate cancer (PCa) progression and metastasis has not been explored. In this study, we addressed the functional and biological role of MTA1 in PCa. METHODS Gene expression profiling was used to determine MTA1 overexpression during PCa cell-bone interaction. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect MTA1 on tissue microarrays (TMA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD31, and Ki67 in xenografts. We used retroviral or lentiviral RNAi transduction of PCa cells to establish MTA1 knockdowns. RT-PCR, Western blot, invasion, and endothelial cell migration assays were used to characterize the cells in vitro. The role of MTA1 in PCa tumorigenesis was evaluated in mouse xenografts. RESULTS We identified MTA1 as a component of bone metastasis signature in PCa, which suggested a possible role for MTA1 in PCa progression and metastasis. MTA1 was expressed at higher levels in PCa cell lines than in normal prostate epithelial cells. Silencing MTA1 significantly suppressed the invasion and angiogenic activity of the cells in vitro and delayed tumor formation and development in mouse xenografts. Tumors that express MTA1 had higher proliferative indices, secreted higher levels of VEGF and were more vascularized. Analysis of the human TMA showed positive correlation between MTA1 nuclear localization/staining intensity and PCa aggressiveness. CONCLUSIONS MTA1 pro-angiogenic and pro-invasive functions create permissive environment for PCa tumor growth and likely support metastasis. Taken together with its predictive values, MTA1 can be utilized both as a prognostic marker and a therapy target in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Kai
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Zhang Y, Li Y. The Expanding Mi-2/NuRD Complexes: A Schematic Glance. PROTEOMICS INSIGHTS 2011. [DOI: 10.4137/pri.s6329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This mini-review will schematically update the progress of the expanding Mi-2/Nucleosome Remodeling Deacetylase (NuRD) complexes in cancer and in normal development such as stemness, with a focus on mammals and the increasingly popular and powerful model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The Mi-2/NuRD complexes control gene activity during the development of complex organisms. Every Mi-2/NuRD complex contains many different core polypeptides, which form distinct multifunctional complexes with specific context-dependent regulators. The Mi-2/NuRD complexes have unique ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling, histone deacetylase, demethylase activities and higher order chromatin organization. They can regulate the accessibility of transcription factors or repair proteins to DNA. In this review, we summarize our current knowleges in the composition, interaction and function of the subunits within the Mi-2/NuRD complex, the methodology used for the identification of Mi-2/NuRD complexes, as well as the clinical and therapeutic implications targeting the Mi-2/NuRD subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yinghua Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Ohshiro K, Rayala SK, Wigerup C, Pakala SB, Natha RSD, Gururaj AE, Molli PR, Månsson SS, Ramezani A, Hawley RG, Landberg G, Lee NH, Kumar R. Acetylation-dependent oncogenic activity of metastasis-associated protein 1 co-regulator. EMBO Rep 2010; 11:691-7. [PMID: 20651739 PMCID: PMC2933879 DOI: 10.1038/embor.2010.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High expression of metastasis-associated protein 1 co-regulator (MTA1), a component of the nuclear remodelling and histone deacetylase complex, has been associated with human tumours. However, the precise role of MTA1 in tumorigenesis remains unknown. In this study, we show that induced levels of MTA1 are sufficient to transform Rat1 fibroblasts and that the transforming potential of MTA1 is dependent on its acetylation at Lys626. Underlying mechanisms of MTA1-mediated transformation include activation of the Ras-Raf pathway by MTA1 but not by acetylation-inactive MTA1; this was due to the repression of Galphai2 transcription, which negatively influences Ras activation. We observed that acetylated MTA1-histone deacetylase (HDAC) interaction was required for the recruitment of the MTA1-HDAC complex to the Galphai2 regulatory element and consequently for the repression of Galphai2 transcription and expression leading to activation of the Ras-Raf pathway. The findings presented in this study provide for the first time--to the best of our knowledge--evidence of acetylation-dependent oncogenic activity of a cancer-relevant gene product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Ohshiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 I Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA
| | - Suresh K Rayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 I Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA
| | - Caroline Wigerup
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Unit, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Suresh B Pakala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 I Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA
| | - Reddy S Divijendra Natha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 I Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA
| | - Anupama E Gururaj
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Poonam R Molli
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Sofie Svensson Månsson
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Unit, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Ali Ramezani
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 I Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA
| | - Robert G Hawley
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 I Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA
| | - Goran Landberg
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Unit, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Norman H Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 I Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Coregulator Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 I Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Pakala SB, Reddy SDN, Bui-Nguyen TM, Rangparia SS, Bommana A, Kumar R. MTA1 coregulator regulates LPS response via MyD88-dependent signaling. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:32787-32792. [PMID: 20702415 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.151340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although metastasis tumor antigen 1 (MTA1) contributes to the responsiveness of macrophages to LPS, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we investigated the role of MTA1 in the regulation of expression and function of MyD88, a proximal component of NF-κB signaling. We discovered that MTA1 targets MyD88 and that MyD88 is a NF-κB-responsive gene in LPS-stimulated macrophages. We found that MTA1 is required for MyD88-dependent stimulation of NF-κB signaling and expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, MIP2, and TNF-α as MTA1 depletion leads to a substantial reduction in the expression of NF-κB target genes. In addition, LPS-mediated stimulation of MyD88 transcription was accompanied by an enhanced recruitment of MTA1, RNA polymerase II, and p65RelA complex to the NF-κB consensus sites in the MyD88 promoter. Interestingly, the recruitment of both MTA1 and MyD88 expression is effectively blocked by NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide. Selective knockdown of MyD88 by a dominant negative mutant of MyD88 or selective siRNA also impairs the ability of LPS to stimulate the NF-κB target genes. These findings reveal an inherent coregulatory role of MTA1 upon the expression of MyD88 and suggest that MTA1 regulation of MyD88 may constitute at least one of the mechanisms by which MTA1 stimulates LPS-induced NF-κB signaling in stimulated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh B Pakala
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Coregulator Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Sirigiri Divijendra Natha Reddy
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Coregulator Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Tri M Bui-Nguyen
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Coregulator Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Siddharth S Rangparia
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Coregulator Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Anitha Bommana
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Coregulator Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Coregulator Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037.
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Li DQ, Ohshiro K, Khan MN, Kumar R. Requirement of MTA1 in ATR-mediated DNA damage checkpoint function. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:19802-12. [PMID: 20427275 PMCID: PMC2888391 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.085258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MTA1 (metastasis-associated protein 1), an integral component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex, has recently been implicated in the ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage response. However, whether MTA1 also participates in the UV-induced DNA damage checkpoint pathway remains unknown. In response to UV radiation, ATR (ataxia teleangiectasia- and Rad3-related) is the major kinase activated that orchestrates cell cycle progression with DNA repair machinery by phosphorylating and activating a number of downstream substrates, such as Chk1 (checkpoint kinase 1) and H2AX (histone 2A variant X). Here, we report that UV radiation stabilizes MTA1 in an ATR-dependent manner and increases MTA1 binding to ATR. On the other hand, depletion of MTA1 compromises the ATR-mediated Chk1 activation following UV treatment, accompanied by a marked down-regulation of Chk1 and its interacting partner Claspin, an adaptor protein that is required for the phosphorylation and activation of Chk1 by ATR. Furthermore, MTA1 deficiency decreases the induction of phosphorylated H2AX (referred to as gamma-H2AX) and gamma-H2AX focus formation after UV treatment. Consequently, depletion of MTA1 results in a defect in the G(2)-M checkpoint and increases cellular sensitivity to UV-induced DNA damage. Thus, MTA1 is required for the activation of the ATR-Claspin-Chk1 and ATR-H2AX pathways following UV treatment, and the noted abrogation of the DNA damage checkpoint in the MTA1-depleted cells may be, at least in part, a consequence of dysregulation of the expression of these two pathways. These findings suggest that, in addition to its role in the repair of double strand breaks caused by ionizing radiation, MTA1 also participates in the UV-induced ATR-mediated DNA damage checkpoint pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Qiang Li
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037 and
| | - Kazufumi Ohshiro
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037 and
| | - Mudassar N. Khan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037 and
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20037 and
- the Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
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50
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Pakala SB, Bui-Nguyen TM, Reddy SDN, Li DQ, Peng S, Rayala SK, Behringer RR, Kumar R. Regulation of NF-kappaB circuitry by a component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex controls inflammatory response homeostasis. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:23590-7. [PMID: 20519513 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.139469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The MTA1 coregulator (metastatic tumor antigen 1), a component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, has been intimately linked with human cancer, but its role in inflammatory responses remains unknown. Here, we discovered that MTA1 is a target of inflammation, and stimulation of macrophages with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates MTA1 transcription via the NF-kappaB pathway. Unexpectedly, we found that MTA1 depletion in LPS-stimulated macrophages impairs NF-kappaB signaling and expression of inflammatory molecules. MTA1 itself acts as a transcriptional coactivator of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and in contrast, it acts as a corepressor in resting primary macrophages as its depletion induced cytokine expression. LPS stimulates S-nitrosylation of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and interferes with its binding to MTA1, which, in turn, resulted in the loss of corepressor behavior of MTA1.HDAC complex in activated macrophages. Consequently, the net levels of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated macrophages from MTA1(-/-) mice were high compared with wild-type mice. Accordingly, MTA1(-/-) mice were much more susceptible than control mice to septic shock induced by LPS, revealing that MTA1 protects mice from deregulated host inflammatory response. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized, critical homeostatic role of MTA1, both as a target and as a component of the NF-kappaB circuitry, in the regulation of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh B Pakala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20037, USA
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