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Zhang F, Tang Z, Du H, Wang Y, Du J, Zhao Z, Li Z. Identification of N-linked glycans recognized by WGA in saliva from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Carbohydr Res 2024; 545:109256. [PMID: 39241666 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Saliva diagnosis is an essential approach for clinical applications owing to its noninvasive and material-rich features. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-based recognition of salivary protein N-linked glycan profiles to distinguish non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients from controls. We used WGA-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n = 35), patients with benign pulmonary disease (BPD, n = 35), lung adenocarcinoma (ADC, n = 35), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, n = 35), following to release the N-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F, and further identified and annotated the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. The results showed that 34, 35, 39, and 44 N-glycans recognized by WGA were identified and annotated from pooled saliva samples of HV, BPD, ADC, and SCC, respectively. Furthermore, the proportion of N-glycans recognized by WGA in BPD (81.2 %), ADC (90.1 %), and SCC (88.7 %), increased compared to HV (71.9 %). Two N-glycan peaks (m/z 2286.799, and 3399.211) specifically recognized by WGA were present only in NSCLC. These findings suggest that altered salivary glycopatterns such as sialic acids and GlcNAc containing N-glycans recognized by WGA might serve as potential personalized biomarkers for the diagnosis of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Tang
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haoqi Du
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuzi Wang
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiabao Du
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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2
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Ekman M, Salminen T, Raiko K, Soukka T, Gidwani K, Martiskainen I. Spectrally separated dual-label upconversion luminescence lateral flow assay for cancer-specific STn-glycosylation in CA125 and CA15-3. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:3251-3260. [PMID: 38584178 PMCID: PMC11068694 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Multiplexed lateral flow assays (LFAs) offer efficient on-site testing by simultaneously detecting multiple biomarkers from a single sample, reducing costs. In cancer diagnostics, where biomarkers can lack specificity, multiparameter detection provides more information at the point-of-care. Our research focuses on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), where STn-glycosylated forms of CA125 and CA15-3 antigens can better discriminate cancer from benign conditions. We have developed a dual-label LFA that detects both CA125-STn and CA15-3-STn within a single anti-STn antibody test line. This utilizes spectral separation of green (540 nm) and blue (450 nm) emitting erbium (NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+)- and thulium (NaYF4: Yb3+, Tm3+)-doped upconverting nanoparticle (UCNP) reporters conjugated with antibodies against the protein epitopes in CA125 or CA15-3. This technology allows the simultaneous detection of different antigen variants from a single test line. The developed proof-of-concept dual-label LFA was able to distinguish between the ascites fluid samples from diagnosed ovarian cancer patients (n = 10) and liver cirrhosis ascites fluid samples (n = 3) used as a negative control. The analytical sensitivity of CA125-STn for the dual-label LFA was 1.8 U/ml in buffer and 3.6 U/ml in ascites fluid matrix. Here we demonstrate a novel approach of spectrally separated measurement of STn-glycosylated forms of two different cancer-associated protein biomarkers by using UCNP reporter technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miikka Ekman
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Teppo Salminen
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsti Raiko
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tero Soukka
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kamlesh Gidwani
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Iida Martiskainen
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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3
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Balbisi M, Sugár S, Turiák L. Protein glycosylation in lung cancer from a mass spectrometry perspective. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38576136 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a severe disease for which better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Increasing evidence implies that aberrant protein glycosylation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of lung cancer. Differences in glycosylation patterns have been previously observed between healthy and cancerous samples as well as between different lung cancer subtypes, which suggests untapped diagnostic potential. In addition, understanding the changes mediated by glycosylation may shed light on possible novel therapeutic targets and personalized treatment strategies for lung cancer patients. Mass spectrometry based glycomics and glycoproteomics have emerged as powerful tools for in-depth characterization of changes in protein glycosylation, providing valuable insights into the molecular basis of lung cancer. This paper reviews the literature on the analysis of protein glycosylation in lung cancer using mass spectrometry, which is dominated by manuscripts published over the past 5 years. Studies analyzing N-glycosylation, O-glycosylation, and glycosaminoglycan patterns in tissue, serum, plasma, and rare biological samples of lung cancer patients are highlighted. The current knowledge on the potential utility of glycan and glycoprotein biomarkers is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Balbisi
- MTA-TTK Lendület (Momentum) Glycan Biomarker Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University Doctoral School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Simon Sugár
- MTA-TTK Lendület (Momentum) Glycan Biomarker Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Turiák
- MTA-TTK Lendület (Momentum) Glycan Biomarker Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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4
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Nieminen H, Nummela P, Satomaa T, Heiskanen A, Hiltunen JO, Kaprio T, Seppänen H, Hagström J, Mustonen H, Ristimäki A, Haglund C. N-glycosylation in non-invasive and invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13191. [PMID: 37580349 PMCID: PMC10425445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), often found incidentally, are potentially malignant cystic tumors of the pancreas. Due to the precancerous nature, IPMNs lacking malignant features should be kept on surveillance. The follow-up relies on magnetic resonance imaging, which has a limited accuracy to define the high-risk patients. New diagnostic methods are thus needed to recognize IPMNs with malignant potential. Here, aberrantly expressed glycans constitute a promising new area of research. We compared the N-glycan profiles of non-invasive IPMN tissues (n = 10) and invasive IPMN tissues (n = 10) to those of non-neoplastic pancreatic controls (n = 5) by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Both IPMN subgroups showed increased abundance of neutral composition H4N4 and decrease in H3N5F1, increase in sialylation, and decrease in sulfation, as compared to the controls. Furthermore, invasive IPMN showed an increase in terminal N-acetylhexosamine containing structure H4N5, and increase in acidic complex-type glycans, but decrease in their complex fucosylation and sulfation, as compared to the controls. In conclusion, the N-glycan profiles differed between healthy pancreatic tissue and non-invasive and invasive IPMNs. The unique glycans expressed in invasive IPMNs may offer interesting new options for diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heini Nieminen
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Pirjo Nummela
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Tuomas Kaprio
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Seppänen
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Departmentof Oral Pathology and Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Mustonen
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Ristimäki
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Ukkola I, Nummela P, Heiskanen A, Holm M, Zafar S, Kero M, Haglund C, Satomaa T, Kytölä S, Ristimäki A. N-Glycomic Profiling of Microsatellite Unstable Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3571. [PMID: 37509233 PMCID: PMC10376987 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation affects cancer progression and immune evasion. Approximately 15% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) demonstrate microsatellite instability (MSI) and display major differences in outcomes and therapeutic responses, as compared to corresponding microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. We compared the N-glycan profiles of stage II and IV MSI CRC tumors, further subdivided into BRAFV600E wild-type and mutated subgroups (n = 10 in each subgroup), with each other and with those of paired non-neoplastic mucosal samples using mass spectrometry. Further, the N-glycans of BRAFV600E wild-type stage II MSI tumors were compared to corresponding MSS tumors (n = 9). Multiple differences in N-glycan profiles were identified between the MSI CRCs and control tissues, as well as between the stage II MSI and MSS samples. The MSI CRC tumors showed a lower relative abundance of high-mannose N-glycans than did the control tissues or the MSS CRCs. Among MSI CRC subgroups, acidic N-glycans showed tumor stage and BRAF mutation status-dependent variation. Specifically, the large, sulfated/phosphorylated, and putative terminal N-acetylhexosamine-containing acidic N-glycans differed between the MSI CRC subgroups, showing opposite changes in stages II and IV, when comparing BRAF mutated and wild-type tumors. Our results show that molecular subgroups of CRC exhibit characteristic glycan profiles that may explain certain carcinogenic properties of MSI tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iiris Ukkola
- HUSLAB, Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nummela
- HUSLAB, Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Matilda Holm
- HUSLAB, Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sadia Zafar
- HUSLAB, Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mia Kero
- HUSLAB, Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tero Satomaa
- Glykos Finland Co., Ltd., 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Soili Kytölä
- HUSLAB, Department of Genetics, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Ristimäki
- HUSLAB, Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Su Y, Li Y, Meng T, Xu B, Zhu H, Zhang L, Wang X, Liu X, Sun H. AANL6 is a new efficient tool to probe non-reducing N-acetylglucosamine of N-linked glycans. Carbohydr Res 2023; 530:108858. [PMID: 37276662 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Terminal N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) N-linked glycosylation is a truncated N-glycosylated modification that has been reported to be involved in various diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. New and simple tools will be always valuable for further characterization of the functions of this kind of glycosylation. Our previous paper proved that an optimized lectin created from Agrocybe aegerita GlcNAc selective lectin (AANL) named AANL6, can effectively identify O-GlcNAcylation, which is terminal GlcNAc O-linked glycosylation. We speculated that AANL6 could also be used to identify terminal GlcNAc N-linked glycosylation. Using therapeutic monoclonal antibodies as a model of terminal GlcNAc N-glycosylated proteins, we proved that AANL6 could selectively identify terminal GlcNAc N-linked glycosylation. The ratio of terminal GlcNAc N-linked glycosylation was increased by enrichment with AANL6 in human serum. Using cell membrane proteins as a complex sample, we found that AANL6 bound to the sperm surface, which expresses abundant terminal GlcNAc N-glycans, but did not bind to some tumor cell surfaces such A549 and MCF-7 cells, which is rich in high mannose glycoforms. In conclusion, AANL6 was identified as a powerful tool to probe terminal GlcNAc N-linked glycosylation and would be valuable for uncovering the function of this glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical Colloge, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Tianqing Meng
- Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - He Zhu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Wuhan Huayang Animal Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
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7
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Kong Y, Chen H, Chen M, Li Y, Li J, Liu Q, Xiong H, Guo T, Xie Y, Yuan Y, Zhang XL. Abnormal ECA-Binding Membrane Glycans and Galactosylated CAT and P4HB in Lesion Tissues as Potential Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:855952. [PMID: 35392238 PMCID: PMC8980540 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.855952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of cancer. Despite decades of research efforts, the search for novel biomarkers is still urgently needed for the diagnosis of HCC and the improvement of clinical outcomes. Previous studies of HCC clinical biomarkers have usually focused on serum and urine samples (e.g., serum Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). However, cellular membrane proteins in lesion tissues are less used in HCC diagnosis. The abnormal expression of membrane glycoproteins in tumor lesions are considered as potential targets for tumor diagnosis and tumor therapies. Here, a lectin array has been employed to screen and identify abnormal glycopatterns and cellular membrane glycans in HCC lesion tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. We found that there was significantly less expression of Erythrina cristagalli (ECA) lectin binding (Galβ1-3/β1-4) glycans on the cellular membrane of HCC lesion tissues compared with those of adjacent non-tumor tissues. Immunohistochemistry analysis further showed that ECA-binding ability on the membrane proteins of HCC tissues progressively decreased in different tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages (stage I to stage III) as the malignancy of liver cancer increased. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis showed ECA-binding ability yielding a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 75%, and a combination of ECA and AFP has better clinical diagnostic efficiency, yielding a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 85%, than ECA or AFP assay alone. ECA pull-down followed by mass spectrometry further showed that there was significantly less expression of ECA binding membrane catalase (CAT) and prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta polypeptide (P4HB) in HCC tissues compared with the adjacent non-tumor tissues. The abnormally increased expression of total CAT and P4HB and decreased expression of galactosylated membrane CAT and P4HB in HCC cell lines were correlated with an HCC metastasis status. Our findings suggest that abnormal declined ECA-binding galatosylated membrane glycans and two galactosylated-CAT and P4HB glycoproteins in lesion tissues are potential biomarkers in the diagnosis and/or metastasis prediction for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Kong
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengyu Chen
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongshuai Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiarong Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Xiong
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Tangxi Guo
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Zhang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, and Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Allergy Department of Zhongnan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, China
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8
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Bulteau F, Thépaut M, Henry M, Hurbin A, Vanwonterghem L, Vivès C, Le Roy A, Ebel C, Renaudet O, Fieschi F, Coll JL. Targeting Tn-Antigen-Positive Human Tumors with a Recombinant Human Macrophage Galactose C-Type Lectin. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:235-245. [PMID: 34927439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in glycosylation cause the emergence of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) during tumorigenesis. Truncation of O-glycans reveals the Thomsen nouveau (Tn) antigen, an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) frequently attached to serine or threonine amino acids, that is accessible on the surface of cancer cells but not on healthy cells. Interestingly, GalNac can be recognized by macrophage galactose lectin (MGL), a type C lectin receptor expressed in immune cells. In this study, recombinant MGL fragments were tested in vitro for their cancer cell-targeting efficiency by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy and in vivo after administration of fluorescent MGL to tumor-bearing mice. Our results demonstrate the ability of MGL to target Tn-positive human tumors without inducing toxicity. This outcome makes MGL, a fragment of a normal human protein, the first vector candidate for in vivo diagnosis and imaging of human tumors and, possibly, for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Bulteau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France.,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France.,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 5250, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Thépaut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Maxime Henry
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Amandine Hurbin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laetitia Vanwonterghem
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Vivès
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Aline Le Roy
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christine Ebel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 5250, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
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9
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Abstract
Lectins are widely distributed proteins having ability of binding selectively and reversibly with carbohydrates moieties and glycoconjugates. Although lectins have been reported from different biological sources, the legume lectins are the best-characterized family of plant lectins. Legume lectins are a large family of homologous proteins with considerable similarity in amino acid sequence and their tertiary structures. Despite having strong sequence conservation, these lectins show remarkable variability in carbohydrate specificity and quaternary structures. The ability of legume lectins in recognizing glycans and glycoconjugates on cells and other intracellular structures make them a valuable research tool in glycomic research. Due to variability in binding with glycans, glycoconjugates and multiple biological functions, legume lectins are the subject of intense research for their diverse application in different fields such as glycobiology, biomedical research and crop improvement. The present review specially focuses on structural and functional characteristics of legume lectins along with their potential areas of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Katoch
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSKHPKV, Palampur, 176 062 India
| | - Ankur Tripathi
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSKHPKV, Palampur, 176 062 India
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10
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Mahmoudi Gomari M, Saraygord-Afshari N, Farsimadan M, Rostami N, Aghamiri S, Farajollahi MM. Opportunities and challenges of the tag-assisted protein purification techniques: Applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 45:107653. [PMID: 33157154 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Tag-assisted protein purification is a method of choice for both academic researches and large-scale industrial demands. Application of the purification tags in the protein production process can help to save time and cost, but the design and application of tagged fusion proteins are challenging. An appropriate tagging strategy must provide sufficient expression yield and high purity for the final protein products while preserving their native structure and function. Thanks to the recent advances in the bioinformatics and emergence of high-throughput techniques (e.g. SEREX), many new tags are introduced to the market. A variety of interfering and non-interfering tags have currently broadened their application scope beyond the traditional use as a simple purification tool. They can take part in many biochemical and analytical features and act as solubility and protein expression enhancers, probe tracker for online visualization, detectors of post-translational modifications, and carrier-driven tags. Given the variability and growing number of the purification tags, here we reviewed the protein- and peptide-structured purification tags used in the affinity, ion-exchange, reverse phase, and immobilized metal ion affinity chromatographies. We highlighted the demand for purification tags in the pharmaceutical industry and discussed the impact of self-cleavable tags, aggregating tags, and nanotechnology on both the column-based and column-free purification techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahmoudi Gomari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Saraygord-Afshari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marziye Farsimadan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Neda Rostami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Iran
| | - Shahin Aghamiri
- Student research committee, Department of medical biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Farajollahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Nummela P, Heiskanen A, Kytölä S, Haglund C, Lepistö A, Satomaa T, Ristimäki A. Altered linkage pattern of N-glycan sialic acids in pseudomyxoma peritonei. Glycobiology 2020; 31:211-222. [PMID: 33539510 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a highly mucinous adenocarcinoma growing in the peritoneal cavity and most commonly originating from the appendix. Glycans play an important role in carcinogenesis, and glycosylation is altered in malignant diseases, including PMP. We have previously demonstrated that fucosylation of N-glycans is increased in PMP, but we did not observe modulation of overall sialylation. As sialic acids can be attached to the rest of the glycan via α2,3- or α2,6-linkage, we have now analyzed the linkage patterns of sialic acids in tissue specimens of normal appendices, low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMN), low-grade (LG) PMP and high-grade (HG) PMP. For the linkage analysis, the enzymatically released acidic N-glycans were first treated with ethyl esterification or α2,3-sialidase digestion followed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Significant increase in the relative abundance of α2,6-sialylated and decrease in α2,3-sialylated N-glycans was observed in PMP tumors as compared to the normal appendices (P < 0.025). More specifically, increased α2,6-sialylation (P < 0.05) and decreased α2,3-sialylation (P < 0.01) were detected in afucosylated and monofucosylated N-glycans of PMPs, whereas the less abundant multifucosylated glycans, containing terminal fucose, demonstrated increased α2,3-sialylation (P < 0.01). Importantly, the increase in α2,6-sialylation was also detected between PMP and the appendiceal precursor lesion LAMN (P < 0.01). The identified glycosylation alterations produce ligands for sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) and sialofucosylated glycans binding selectins, which play a role in the peritoneal dissemination and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pirjo Nummela
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Soili Kytölä
- Department of Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Topeliuksenkatu 32, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Stenbäckinkatu 9A, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290, Finland
| | - Anna Lepistö
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Stenbäckinkatu 9A, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tero Satomaa
- Glykos Finland Ltd, Viikinkaari 6, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Ristimäki
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 3, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Abstract
Tumor immunology is undergoing a renaissance due to the recent profound clinical successes of tumor immunotherapy. These advances have coincided with an exponential growth in the development of -omics technologies. Armed with these technologies and their associated computational and modeling toolsets, systems biologists have turned their attention to tumor immunology in an effort to understand the precise nature and consequences of interactions between tumors and the immune system. Such interactions are inherently multivariate, spanning multiple time and size scales, cell types, and organ systems, rendering systems biology approaches particularly amenable to their interrogation. While in its infancy, the field of 'Cancer Systems Immunology' has already influenced our understanding of tumor immunology and immunotherapy. As the field matures, studies will move beyond descriptive characterizations toward functional investigations of the emergent behavior that govern tumor-immune responses. Thus, Cancer Systems Immunology holds incredible promise to advance our ability to fight this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgar G Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
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13
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N-glycomic profiling of colorectal cancer according to tumor stage and location. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234989. [PMID: 32598367 PMCID: PMC7323945 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in glycosylation are seen in many types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Glycans, the sugar moieties of glycoconjugates, are involved in many important functions relevant to cancer and can be of value as biomarkers. In this study, we have used mass spectrometry to analyze the N-glycan profiles of 35 CRC tissue samples and 10 healthy tissue samples from non-CRC patients who underwent operations for other reasons. The tumor samples were divided into groups depending on tumor location (right or left colon) and stage (II or III), while the healthy samples were divided into right or left colon. The levels of neutral and acidic N-glycan compositions and glycan classes were analyzed in a total of ten different groups. Surprisingly, there were no significant differences in glycan levels when all right- and left-sided CRC samples were compared, and few differences (such as in the abundance of the neutral N-glycan H3N5) were seen when the samples were divided according to both location and stage. Multiple significant differences were found in the levels of glycans and glycan classes when stage II and III samples were compared, and these glycans could be of value as candidates for new markers of cancer progression. In order to validate our findings, we analyzed healthy tissue samples from the right and left colon and found no significant differences in the levels of any of the glycans analyzed, confirming that our findings when comparing CRC samples from the right and left colon are not due to normal variations in the levels of glycans between the healthy right and left colon. Additionally, the levels of the acidic glycans H4N3F1P1, H5N4F1P1, and S1H5N4F1 were found to change in a cancer-specific but colon location-nonspecific manner, indicating that CRC affects glycan levels in similar ways regardless of tumor location.
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14
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N-Glycan profiling of lung adenocarcinoma in patients at different stages of disease. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:1146-1156. [PMID: 31907375 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-019-0441-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is the most common form of lung cancer that increases in non-smokers at younger age. Altered protein glycosylation is one of the hallmarks of malignancy, its role in cancer progression is still poorly understood. In this study, we report mass spectrometric (MS) analysis of N-glycans released from fresh or defrosted tissue specimens from 24 patients with LAC. Comparison of cancerous versus adjacent healthy tissues revealed substantial differences in N-glycan profiles associated with disease. The significant increase in paucimannose and high-mannose glycans with 6-9 mannose residues and decline in the sialylated complex biantenary core fucosylated glycan with composition NeuAcGal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2Fuc were general features of tumors. In addition, 42 new N-glycan compositions were detected in cancerous tissues. The prominent changes in advanced disease stages were mostly observed in core fucosylated N-glycans with additional fucose (Fuc) residue/s and enhanced branching with non-galactosylated N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) units. Both of these monosaccharide types were linked preferably on the 6-antenna. Importantly, as compared with noncancerous tissues, a number of these significant changes were clearly detectable early on in stage I. Application of N-glycan data obtained from tissues was next assessed and validated for evaluation of small sized biopsies obtained via bronchoscopy. In summary, observed alterations and data of newly detected N-glycans expand knowledge about the glycosylation in LAC and may contribute to research in more tailored therapies. Moreover, the results demonstrate effectiveness of the presented approach for utility in rapid discrimination of cancerous from healthy lung tissues.
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15
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Dang K, Zhang W, Jiang S, Lin X, Qian A. Application of Lectin Microarrays for Biomarker Discovery. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:285-300. [PMID: 32154049 PMCID: PMC7050261 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many proteins in living organisms are glycosylated. As their glycan patterns exhibit protein-, cell-, and tissue-specific heterogeneity, changes in the glycosylation levels could serve as useful indicators of various pathological and physiological states. Thus, the identification of glycoprotein biomarkers from specific changes in the glycan profiles of glycoproteins is a trending field. Lectin microarrays provide a new glycan analysis platform, which enables rapid and sensitive analysis of complex glycans without requiring the release of glycans from the protein. Recent developments in lectin microarray technology enable high-throughput analysis of glycans in complex biological samples. In this review, we will discuss the basic concepts and recent progress in lectin microarray technology, the application of lectin microarrays in biomarker discovery, and the challenges and future development of this technology. Given the tremendous technical advancements that have been made, lectin microarrays will become an indispensable tool for the discovery of glycoprotein biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Dang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072, ShaanxiChina
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072, ShaanxiChina
| | - Shanfeng Jiang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072, ShaanxiChina
| | - Xiao Lin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072, ShaanxiChina
| | - Airong Qian
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072, ShaanxiChina
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16
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Lectin nanoparticle assays for detecting breast cancer-associated glycovariants of cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) in human plasma. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219480. [PMID: 31344060 PMCID: PMC6658058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer antigen 15–3 (CA15-3) is widely utilized for monitoring metastatic breast cancer (BC). However, its utility for early detection of breast cancer is severely limited due to poor clinical sensitivity and specificity. The glycosylation of CA15-3 is known to be affected by BC, and therefore it might offer a way to construct CA15-3 glycovariant assays with improved cancer specificity. To this end, we performed lectin-based glycoprofiling of BC-associated CA15-3. CA15-3 expressed by a BC cell line was immobilized on microtitration wells using an anti-CA15-3 antibody. The glycosylation of the immobilized CA15-3 was then detected by using lectins coated onto europium (III)-doped nanoparticles (Eu+3-NPs) and measuring the time-resolved fluorescence of Eu. Out of multiple lectin-Eu+3-NP preparations, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL) -Eu3+-NPs bound to the BC cell line-dericed CA15-3 glycovariants (CA15-3Lectin). To evaluate the clinical performance of these two lectin-based assays, plasma samples from metastatic BC patients (n = 53) and healthy age-matched women (n = 20).Plasma CA15-3Lectin measurements better distinguished metastatic BC patients from healthy controls than the conventional CA15-3 immunoassay. At 90% specificity, the clinical sensitivity of the assays was 66.0, 67.9 and 81.1% for the conventional CA15-3, CA15-3MGL and CA15-3WGA assays, respectively. Baseline CA15-3MGL and CA15-3WGA were correlated to conventional baseline CA15-3 levels (r = 0.68, p<0.001, r = 0.90, p>0.001, respectively). However, very low baseline CA15-3MGL levels ≤ 5 U/mL were common in this metastatic breast cancer patient population.In conclusion, the new CA15-3Lectin concept could considerably improve the clinical sensitivity of BC detection compared to the conventional CA15-3 immunoassays and should be validated further on a larger series of subjects with different cancer subtypes and stages.
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17
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Nonomura Y, Sawamura S, Hanzawa K, Nishikaze T, Sekiya S, Higuchi T, Nin F, Uetsuka S, Inohara H, Okuda S, Miyoshi E, Horii A, Takahashi S, Natsuka S, Hibino H. Characterisation of N-glycans in the epithelial-like tissue of the rat cochlea. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1551. [PMID: 30733536 PMCID: PMC6367448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38079-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane proteins (such as ion channels, transporters, and receptors) and secreted proteins are essential for cellular activities. N-linked glycosylation is involved in stability and function of these proteins and occurs at Asn residues. In several organs, profiles of N-glycans have been determined by comprehensive analyses. Nevertheless, the cochlea of the mammalian inner ear, a tiny organ mediating hearing, has yet to be examined. Here, we focused on the stria vascularis, an epithelial-like tissue in the cochlea, and characterised N-glycans by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. This hypervascular tissue not only expresses several ion transporters and channels to control the electrochemical balance in the cochlea but also harbours different transporters and receptors that maintain structure and activity of the organ. Seventy-nine N-linked glycans were identified in the rat stria vascularis. Among these, in 55 glycans, the complete structures were determined; in the other 24 species, partial glycosidic linkage patterns and full profiles of the monosaccharide composition were identified. In the process of characterisation, several sialylated glycans were subjected sequentially to two different alkylamidation reactions; this derivatisation helped to distinguish α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage sialyl isomers with mass spectrometry. These data should accelerate elucidation of the molecular architecture of the cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Nonomura
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Seishiro Sawamura
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ken Hanzawa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishikaze
- Koichi Tanaka Mass Spectrometry Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sadanori Sekiya
- Koichi Tanaka Mass Spectrometry Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taiga Higuchi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Nin
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoru Uetsuka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidenori Inohara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Arata Horii
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sugata Takahashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shunji Natsuka
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hibino
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Niigata, Japan.
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18
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Jin Y, Yang Y, Su Y, Ye X, Liu W, Yang Q, Wang J, Fu X, Gong Y, Sun H. Identification a novel clinical biomarker in early diagnosis of human non-small cell lung cancer. Glycoconj J 2019; 36:57-68. [PMID: 30607521 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-018-09853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. The clinical biomarkers currently used for the early diagnosis of lung cancer have poor sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, it is urgent to identify sensitive biomarkers for the early detection of NSCLC to improve the patient survival of patients. In our previously study, we identified glycoprotein alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (AACT) as an early biomarker of NSCLC. In this study, serum glycopeptides were enriched using the high-GlcNAc-specific binding lectin, AANL/AAL2, for further quantitative proteomics analysis using LC-MS/MS. A total of 55 differentially expressed proteins were identified by using demethylation labelling proteomics. Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (PON1) was selected for validation by western blotting and lectin-ELISA in samples from 120 enrolled patients. Our data showed that AANL-enriched PON1 has better diagnostic performance than total PON1 in early NSCLC, since it differed between early Stage I tumor samples and tumor-free samples (healthy and benign). Combining AANL-enriched PON1 with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) significantly improved the diagnostic specificity of CEA. Moreover, combined AANL-enriched PON1 and AANL-enriched AACT was significantly different between early NSCLC samples and tumor-free samples with an AUC of 0.940, 94.4% sensitivity, and 90.2% specificity. Our findings suggest that combined AANL-enriched PON1 and AANL-enriched AACT is a potential clinical biomarker for the early diagnosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Jin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Su
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Tongji Medical Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangning Fu
- Tongji Medical Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Saarinen L, Nummela P, Leinonen H, Heiskanen A, Thiel A, Haglund C, Lepistö A, Satomaa T, Hautaniemi S, Ristimäki A. Glycomic Profiling Highlights Increased Fucosylation in Pseudomyxoma Peritonei. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:2107-2118. [PMID: 30072579 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a subtype of mucinous adenocarcinoma that most often originates from the appendix, and grows in the peritoneal cavity filling it with mucinous ascites. KRAS and GNAS mutations are frequently found in PMP, but other common driver mutations are infrequent. As altered glycosylation can promote carcinogenesis, we compared N-linked glycan profiles of PMP tissues to those of normal appendix. Glycan profiles of eight normal appendix samples and eight low-grade and eight high-grade PMP specimens were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Our results show differences in glycan profiles between PMP and the controls, especially in those of neutral glycans, and the most prominent alteration was increased fucosylation. We further demonstrate up-regulated mRNA expression of four fucosylation-related enzymes, the core fucosylation performing fucosyltransferase 8 and three GDP-fucose biosynthetic enzymes in PMP tissues when compared with the controls. Up-regulated protein expression of the latter three enzymes was further observed in PMP cells by immunohistochemistry. We also demonstrate that restoration of fucosylation either by salvage pathway or by introduction of an expression of intact GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase enhance expression of MUC2, which is the predominant mucin molecule secreted by the PMP cells, in an intestinal-derived adenocarcinoma cell line with defective fucosylation because of deletion in the GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase gene. Thus, altered glycosylation especially in the form of fucosylation is linked to the characteristic mucin production of PMP. Glycomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD010086.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilli Saarinen
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nummela
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Leinonen
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Alexandra Thiel
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- ¶Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, FI-00029 HUS, Finland.,‖Translational Cancer Biology, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Lepistö
- ¶Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, FI-00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Tero Satomaa
- §Glykos Finland Ltd, Viikinkaari 6, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Hautaniemi
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Ristimäki
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; .,**Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 400, FI-00029 HUS, Finland
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20
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Abstract
The question of whether human tumors express antigens that can be recognized by the immune system has been answered with a resounding YES. Most were identified through spontaneous antitumor humoral and cellular immune responses found in cancer patients and include peptides, glycopeptides, phosphopeptides, viral peptides, and peptides resulting from common mutations in oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes, or common gene fusion events. Many have been extensively tested as candidates for anticancer vaccines. More recently, attention has been focused on the potentially large number of unique tumor antigens, mutated neoantigens, that are the predicted products of the numerous mutations revealed by exome sequencing of primary tumors. Only a few have been confirmed as targets of spontaneous immunity and immunosurveillance, and even fewer have been tested in preclinical and clinical settings. The field has been divided for a long time on the relative importance of shared versus mutated antigens in tumor surveillance and as candidates for vaccines. This question will eventually need to be answered in a head to head comparison in well-designed clinical trials. One advantage that shared antigens have over mutated antigens is their potential to be used in vaccines for primary cancer prevention. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(5); 347-54. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivera J Finn
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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21
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Profiling of different pancreatic cancer cells used as models for metastatic behaviour shows large variation in their N-glycosylation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16623. [PMID: 29192278 PMCID: PMC5709460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterise pancreatic cancer cells from different sources which are used as model systems to study the metastatic behaviour in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we compared the N-glycan imprint of four PDAC cells which were previously shown to differ in their galectin-4 expression and metastatic potential in vivo. Next to the sister cell lines Pa-Tu-8988S and Pa-Tu-8988T, which were isolated from the same liver metastasis of a PDAC, this included two primary PDAC cell cultures, PDAC1 and PDAC2. Additionally, we extended the N-glycan profiling to a normal, immortalized pancreatic duct cell line. Our results revealed major differences in the N-glycosylation of the different PDAC cells as well as compared to the control cell line, suggesting changes of the N-glycosylation in PDAC. The N-glycan profiles of the PDAC cells, however, differed vastly as well and demonstrate the diversity of PDAC model systems, which ultimately affects the interpretation of functional studies. The results from this study form the basis for further biological evaluation of the role of protein glycosylation in PDAC and highlight that conclusions from one cell line cannot be generalised, but should be regarded in the context of the corresponding phenotype.
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22
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Leijon H, Kaprio T, Heiskanen A, Satomaa T, Hiltunen JO, Miettinen MM, Arola J, Haglund C. N-Glycomic Profiling of Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas Separates Metastatic and Nonmetastatic Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:3990-4000. [PMID: 28938401 PMCID: PMC6283447 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT No effective methods for separating primary pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas with metastatic potential are currently available. The identification of specific asparagine-linked glycan (N-glycan) structures, which are associated with metastasized pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, may serve as a diagnostic tool. OBJECTIVE To identify differences in N-glycomic profiles of primary metastasized and nonmetastasized pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. SETTING This study was conducted at Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, and Glykos Finland Ltd. and included 16 pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas: 8 primary metastasized pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas and 8 nonmetastasized tumors. METHODS N-glycan structures were analyzed with matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) profiling of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE N-glycan profile of tumor tissue. RESULTS Four groups of neutral N-glycan signals were more abundant in metastasized tumors than in nonmetastasized tumors: complex-type N-glycan signals of cancer-associated terminal N-acetylglucosamine, multifucosylated glycans (complex fucosylation), hybrid-type N-glycans, and fucosylated pauci-mannose-type N-glycans. Three groups of acidic N-glycans were more abundant in metastasized tumors: multifucosylated glycans, acid ester-modified (sulfated or phosphorylated) glycans, and hybrid-type/monoantennary N-glycans. Fucosylation and complex fucosylation were significantly more abundant in metastasized paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas than in nonmetastasized tumors for individual tests but were over the false positivity critical rate, when adjusted for multiplicity testing. CONCLUSIONS MALDI-TOF MS profiling of primary pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas can identify diseases with metastatic potential based on their different N-glycan profiles. Thus, malignancy-linked N-glycan structures may serve as potential diagnostic tools for pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Leijon
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Helena Leijon, MD, Haartmaninkatu 3 (P.O. Box 21), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. E-mail:
| | - Tuomas Kaprio
- Department of Surgery, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, 15850 Lahti, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Markku M Miettinen
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Johanna Arola
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Biology, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Translational Cancer Biology, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, FIN-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
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23
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Tumor antigen glycosaminoglycan modification regulates antibody-drug conjugate delivery and cytotoxicity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:66960-66974. [PMID: 28978009 PMCID: PMC5620149 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggressive cancers are characterized by hypoxia, which is a key driver of tumor development and treatment resistance. Proteins specifically expressed in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment thus represent interesting candidates for targeted drug delivery strategies. Carbonic anhydrase (CAIX) has been identified as an attractive treatment target as it is highly hypoxia specific and expressed at the cell-surface to promote cancer cell aggressiveness. Here, we find that cancer cell internalization of CAIX is negatively regulated by post-translational modification with chondroitin or heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan chains. We show that perturbed glycosaminoglycan modification results in increased CAIX endocytosis. We hypothesized that perturbation of CAIX glycosaminoglycan conjugation may provide opportunities for enhanced drug delivery to hypoxic tumor cells. In support of this concept, pharmacological inhibition of glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis with xylosides significantly potentiated the internalization and cytotoxic activity of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeted at CAIX. Moreover, cells expressing glycosaminoglycan-deficient CAIX were significantly more sensitive to ADC treatment as compared with cells expressing wild-type CAIX. We find that inhibition of CAIX endocytosis is associated with an increased localization of glycosaminoglycan-conjugated CAIX in membrane lipid raft domains stabilized by caveolin-1 clusters. The association of CAIX with caveolin-1 was partially attenuated by acidosis, i.e. another important feature of malignant tumors. Accordingly, we found increased internalization of CAIX at acidic conditions. These findings provide first evidence that intracellular drug delivery at pathophysiological conditions of malignant tumors can be attenuated by tumor antigen glycosaminoglycan modification, which is of conceptual importance in the future development of targeted cancer treatments.
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24
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Li G, Zhao Z, Wu B, Su Q, Wu L, Yang X, Chen J. Ulva pertusa lectin 1 delivery through adenovirus vector affects multiple signaling pathways in cancer cells. Glycoconj J 2017; 34:489-498. [PMID: 28349379 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-017-9767-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ulva pertusa lectin 1 (UPL1) is a N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) binding lectin in marine green alga Ulva pertusa. Exogenous UPL1 colocalized with protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), methylosome protein 50 (MEP50), β-actin and β-tubulin, indicating the interaction of UPL1 with the methylosome and cytoskeleton. UPL1 delivery through adenovirus vector (Ad-UPL1) dramatically induced extracellularly regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation in liver cancer cell lines BEL-7404 and Huh7. Signaling pathways including p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and Akt were also affected by Ad-UPL1 in a cell type dependent manner. MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126, as well as to a lesser extent p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002, completely eliminated a higher molecular weight isoform of β-tubulin induced by Ad-UPL1, and significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of Ad-UPL1 in Huh7 cells, suggesting that the inhibition of MEK1/2, p38 MAPK, and PI3K enhanced antiproliferative effect of Ad-UPL1 possibly through regulating the modification of β-tubulin. Ad-UPL1 completely inhibited the expression of autophagy-related factor Beclin1, but induced LC3-II expression in Huh7 cells. In addition, Ad-UPL1 significantly enhanced starvation induced survival suppression in Huh7 cells. Our data elucidated intracellular signaling pathways affected by exogenous UPL1, and may provide insights into a novel way of UPL1 delivery through adenovirus vectors combined with survival signaling inhibitors for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongchu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingbing Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qunshu Su
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liqin Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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25
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Tozawa-Ono A, Kubota M, Honma C, Nakagawa Y, Yokomichi N, Yoshioka N, Tsuda C, Ohara T, Koizumi H, Suzuki N. Glycan profiling using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues: Hippeastrum hybrid lectin is a sensitive biomarker for squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2017; 43:1326-1334. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Tozawa-Ono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae Kawasaki Japan
| | - Manabu Kubota
- Department of Pathology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae, Kawasaki Japan
| | - Chika Honma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae Kawasaki Japan
| | - Yuko Nakagawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae Kawasaki Japan
| | - Noriyuki Yokomichi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae Kawasaki Japan
| | - Norihito Yoshioka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae Kawasaki Japan
| | - Chiharu Tsuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae Kawasaki Japan
| | - Tatsuru Ohara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae Kawasaki Japan
| | - Hirotaka Koizumi
- Department of Pathology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae, Kawasaki Japan
| | - Nao Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Miyamae Kawasaki Japan
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26
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Zou X, Yoshida M, Nagai-Okatani C, Iwaki J, Matsuda A, Tan B, Hagiwara K, Sato T, Itakura Y, Noro E, Kaji H, Toyoda M, Zhang Y, Narimatsu H, Kuno A. A standardized method for lectin microarray-based tissue glycome mapping. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43560. [PMID: 28262709 PMCID: PMC5337905 DOI: 10.1038/srep43560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The significance of glycomic profiling has been highlighted by recent findings that structural changes of glycans are observed in many diseases, including cancer. Therefore, glycomic profiling of the whole body (glycome mapping) under different physiopathological states may contribute to the discovery of reliable biomarkers with disease-specific alterations. To achieve this, standardization of high-throughput and in-depth analysis of tissue glycome mapping is needed. However, this is a great challenge due to the lack of analytical methodology for glycans on small amounts of endogenous glycoproteins. Here, we established a standardized method of lectin-assisted tissue glycome mapping. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were prepared from brain, liver, kidney, spleen, and testis of two C57BL/6J mice. In total, 190 size-adjusted fragments with different morphology were serially collected from each tissue by laser microdissection and subjected to lectin microarray analysis. The results and subsequent histochemical analysis with selected lectins were highly consistent with previous reports of mass spectrometry-based N- and/or O-glycome analyses and histochemistry. This is the first report to look at both N- and O-glycome profiles of various regions within tissue sections of five different organs. This simple and reproducible mapping approach is also applicable to various disease model mice to facilitate disease-related biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zou
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Maki Yoshida
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Chiaki Nagai-Okatani
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Jun Iwaki
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsuda
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Binbin Tan
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kozue Hagiwara
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Yoko Itakura
- Research Team for Geriatric Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Erika Noro
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kaji
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Masashi Toyoda
- Research Team for Geriatric Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yan Zhang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
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27
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Hinneburg H, Korać P, Schirmeister F, Gasparov S, Seeberger PH, Zoldoš V, Kolarich D. Unlocking Cancer Glycomes from Histopathological Formalin-fixed and Paraffin-embedded (FFPE) Tissue Microdissections. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:524-536. [PMID: 28122943 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.062414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
N- and O-glycans are attractive clinical biomarkers as glycosylation changes in response to diseases. The limited availability of defined clinical specimens impedes glyco-biomarker identification and validation in large patient cohorts. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) clinical specimens are the common form of sample preservation in clinical pathology, but qualitative and quantitative N- and O-glycomics of such samples has not been feasible to date. Here, we report a highly sensitive and glycan isomer selective method for simultaneous N- and O-glycomics from histopathological slides. As few as 2000 cells isolated from FFPE tissue sections by laser capture microdissection were sufficient for in-depth histopathology-glycomics using porous graphitized carbon nanoLC ESI-MS/MS. N- and O-glycan profiles were similar between unstained and hematoxylin and eosin stained FFPE samples but differed slightly compared with fresh tissue. This method provides the key to unlock glyco-biomarker information from FFPE histopathological tissues archived in pathology laboratories worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Hinneburg
- From the ‡Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,§Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Korać
- ¶Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Falko Schirmeister
- From the ‡Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,§Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Slavko Gasparov
- ‖Institute for Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia.,**Department of Pathology, Medical School Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- From the ‡Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,§Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vlatka Zoldoš
- ¶Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniel Kolarich
- From the ‡Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, 14424 Potsdam, Germany;
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28
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Hoja-Łukowicz D, Przybyło M, Duda M, Pocheć E, Bubka M. On the trail of the glycan codes stored in cancer-related cell adhesion proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:3237-3257. [PMID: 27565356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the profile of protein glycosylation are a hallmark of ongoing neoplastic transformation. A unique set of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens expressed on the surface of malignant cells may serve as powerful diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Cell-surface proteins with altered glycosylation affect the growth, proliferation and survival of those cells, and contribute to their acquisition of the ability to migrate and invade. They may also facilitate tumor-induced immunosuppression and the formation of distant metastases. Deciphering the information encoded in these particular glycan portions of glycoconjugates may shed light on the mechanisms of cancer progression and metastasis. A majority of the related review papers have focused on overall changes in the patterns of cell-surface glycans in various cancers, without pinpointing the molecular carriers of these glycan structures. The present review highlights the ways in which particular tumor-associated glycan(s) coupled with a given membrane-bound protein influence neoplastic cell behavior during the development and progression of cancer. We focus on altered glycosylated cell-adhesion molecules belonging to the cadherin, integrin and immunoglobulin-like superfamilies, examined in the context of molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Hoja-Łukowicz
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Duda
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Monika Bubka
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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29
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Gidwani K, Huhtinen K, Kekki H, van Vliet S, Hynninen J, Koivuviita N, Perheentupa A, Poutanen M, Auranen A, Grenman S, Lamminmäki U, Carpen O, van Kooyk Y, Pettersson K. A Nanoparticle-Lectin Immunoassay Improves Discrimination of Serum CA125 from Malignant and Benign Sources. Clin Chem 2016; 62:1390-400. [PMID: 27540033 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.257691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurement of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is the standard approach for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) diagnostics and follow-up. However, the clinical specificity is not optimal because increased values are also detected in healthy controls and in benign diseases. CA125 is known to be differentially glycosylated in EOC, potentially offering a way to construct CA125 assays with improved cancer specificity. Our goal was to identify carbohydrate-reactive lectins for discriminating between CA125 originating from EOC and noncancerous sources. METHODS CA125 from the OVCAR-3 cancer cell line, placental homogenate, and ascites fluid from patients with cirrhosis were captured on anti-CA125 antibody immobilized on microtitration wells. A panel of lectins, each coated onto fluorescent europium-chelate-doped 97-nm nanoparticles (Eu(+3)-NPs), was tested for detection of the immobilized CA125. Serum samples from high-grade serous EOC or patients with endometriosis and healthy controls were analyzed. RESULTS By using macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL)-coated Eu(+3)-NPs, an analytically sensitive CA125 assay (CA125(MGL)) was achieved that specifically recognized the CA125 isoform produced by EOC, whereas the recognition of CA125 from nonmalignant conditions was reduced. Serum CA125(MGL) measurement better discriminated patients with EOC from endometriosis compared to conventional immunoassay. The discrimination was particularly improved for marginally increased CA125 values and for earlier detection of EOC progression. CONCLUSIONS The new CA125(MGL) assay concept could help reduce the false-positive rates of conventional CA125 immunoassays. The improved analytical specificity of this test approach is dependent on a discriminating lectin immobilized in large numbers on Eu(+3)-NPs, providing both an avidity effect and signal amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Gidwani
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland;
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Department of Pathology, Medicity research laboratories, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Henna Kekki
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Niina Koivuviita
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Antti Perheentupa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Annika Auranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Seija Grenman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Urpo Lamminmäki
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Carpen
- Department of Pathology, Medicity research laboratories, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Pettersson
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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30
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Lattová E, Bryant J, Skřičková J, Zdráhal Z, Popovič M. Efficient Procedure for N-Glycan Analyses and Detection of Endo H-Like Activity in Human Tumor Specimens. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:2777-86. [PMID: 27312819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although the importance of glycosylation has been thoroughly recognized in association with a number of biological processes, efficient assessments of glycans have been hampered by both the limited size of specimens and lengthy sample preparations, particularly in clinical settings. Here we report a simple preparative method for N-glycan analyses. It involves only short one-step chloroform-methanol extraction in presence or absence of water prior to PNGase F deglycosylation. The procedure was successfully applied to the investigation of N-glycans obtained from small numbers of in vitro cultured cancer cells (≤1 × 10(5)) and to tumor tissues, including patient biopsies of small size. MALDI-MS analysis confirmed the efficient release of all N-glycan types including complex forms with poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains. In addition, nonaqueous extraction of specimens from several established cancer cell lines, as well as patient tumor tissues, yielded high-mannose glycans with one GlcNAc moiety (Man3-9GlcNAc), strongly suggesting preservation of enzymatic activity analogous to Endo H enzyme. In summary, the method is both a step toward the practical use of glycan profiling and a way to detect Endo H-like activity in cancer specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Lattová
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Joseph Bryant
- The Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine , 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Jana Skřičková
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Brno, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University , 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Zdráhal
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mikuláš Popovič
- The Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine , 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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31
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Barnett CB, Aoki-Kinoshita KF, Naidoo KJ. The Glycome Analytics Platform: an integrative framework for glycobioinformatics. Bioinformatics 2016; 32:3005-11. [PMID: 27288496 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Complex carbohydrates play a central role in cellular communication and in disease development. O- and N-glycans, which are post-translationally attached to proteins and lipids, are sugar chains that are rooted, tree structures. Independent efforts to develop computational tools for analyzing complex carbohydrate structures have been designed to exploit specific databases requiring unique formatting and limited transferability. Attempts have been made at integrating these resources, yet it remains difficult to communicate and share data across several online resources. A disadvantage of the lack of coordination between development efforts is the inability of the user community to create reproducible analyses (workflows). The latter results in the more serious unreliability of glycomics metadata. RESULTS In this paper, we realize the significance of connecting multiple online glycan resources that can be used to design reproducible experiments for obtaining, generating and analyzing cell glycomes. To address this, a suite of tools and utilities, have been integrated into the analytic functionality of the Galaxy bioinformatics platform to provide a Glycome Analytics Platform (GAP).Using this platform, users can design in silico workflows to manipulate various formats of glycan sequences and analyze glycomes through access to web data and services. We illustrate the central functionality and features of the GAP by way of example; we analyze and compare the features of the N-glycan glycome of monocytic cells sourced from two separate data depositions.This paper highlights the use of reproducible research methods for glycomics analysis and the GAP presents an opportunity for integrating tools in glycobioinformatics. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION This software is open-source and available online at https://bitbucket.org/scientificomputing/glycome-analytics-platform CONTACTS chris.barnett@uct.ac.za or kevin.naidoo@uct.ac.za SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Barnett
- Scientific Computing Research Unit and Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Kiyoko F Aoki-Kinoshita
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan
| | - Kevin J Naidoo
- Scientific Computing Research Unit and Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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Syed P, Gidwani K, Kekki H, Leivo J, Pettersson K, Lamminmäki U. Role of lectin microarrays in cancer diagnosis. Proteomics 2016; 16:1257-65. [PMID: 26841254 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The majority of cell differentiation associated tumor markers reported to date are either glycoproteins or glycolipids. Despite there being a large number of glycoproteins reported as candidate markers for various cancers, only a handful are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Lectins, which bind to the glycan part of the glycoproteins, can be exploited to identify aberrant glycosylation patterns, which in turn would help in enhancing the specificity of cancer diagnosis. Although conventional techniques such as HPLC and MS have been instrumental in performing the glycomic analyses, these techniques lack multiplexity. Lectin microarrays have proved to be useful in studying multiple lectin-glycan interactions in a single experiment and, with the advances made in the field, hold a promise of enabling glycomic profiling of cancers in a fast and efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Syed
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Kamlesh Gidwani
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Henna Kekki
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Janne Leivo
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Kim Pettersson
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Urpo Lamminmäki
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
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Identification of GlcNAcylated alpha-1-antichymotrypsin as an early biomarker in human non-small-cell lung cancer by quantitative proteomic analysis with two lectins. Br J Cancer 2016; 114:532-44. [PMID: 26908325 PMCID: PMC4782198 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the main type of lung cancer with high mortality rates in worldwide. There is a need to identify better biomarkers to detect NSCLC at an early stage as this will improve therapeutic effect and patient survival rates. Methods: Two lectins (AAL/AAGL and AAL2/AANL), which specifically bind to tumour-related glycan antigens, were first used to enrich serum glycoproteins from the serum of early NSCLC patients, benign lung diseases subjects and healthy individuals. The samples were investigated by using iTRAQ labelling and LC-MS/MS. Results: A total of 53 differentially expressed proteins were identified by quantitative proteomics and four glycoproteins (AACT, AGP1, CFB and HPX) were selected for further verification by western blotting. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed AACT was the best candidate for early NSCLC diagnosis of the four proteins, with 94.1% sensitivity in distinguishing early tumour Stage (IA+IB) from tumour-free samples (healthy and benign samples, HB). The GlcNAcylated AACT was further detected by lectin-based ELISA and has better advantage in clinical application than total AACT. The GlcNAcylated AACT can effectively differentiate Stage I from HB samples with an AUC of 0.908 and 90.9% sensitivity at a specificity of 86.2%. A combination of GlcNAcylated AACT and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was able to effectively differing Stage I from HB samples (AUC=0.914), which significantly improve the specificity of CEA. The combination application also has the better clinical diagnostic efficacy in distinguishing cancer (NSCLC) from HB samples than CEA or GlcNAcylated AACT used alone, and yielded an AUC of 0.817 with 93.1% specificity. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the GlcNAcylated AACT will be a promising clinical biomarker in diagnosis of early NSCLC.
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Donczo B, Szigeti M, Ostoros G, Gacs A, Tovari J, Guttman A. N-Glycosylation analysis of formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:2292-6. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boglarka Donczo
- Horváth Csaba Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Marton Szigeti
- Horváth Csaba Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
- MTA-PE Translational Glycomics Group; Pannon University; Veszprem Hungary
| | - Gyorgyi Ostoros
- MTA-PE Translational Glycomics Group; Pannon University; Veszprem Hungary
- National Institute of Oncology; Department of Experimental Pharmacology; Budapest Hungary
| | - Alexandra Gacs
- National Institute of Oncology; Department of Experimental Pharmacology; Budapest Hungary
| | - Jozsef Tovari
- National Institute of Oncology; Department of Experimental Pharmacology; Budapest Hungary
| | - Andras Guttman
- Horváth Csaba Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
- MTA-PE Translational Glycomics Group; Pannon University; Veszprem Hungary
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Glycoclusters as lectin inhibitors: comparative analysis on two plant agglutinins with different folding as a step towards rules for selectivity. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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36
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Audfray A, Beldjoudi M, Breiman A, Hurbin A, Boos I, Unverzagt C, Bouras M, Lantuejoul S, Coll JL, Varrot A, Le Pendu J, Busser B, Imberty A. A recombinant fungal lectin for labeling truncated glycans on human cancer cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128190. [PMID: 26042789 PMCID: PMC4456360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell surface glycoconjugates present alterations of their structures in chronic diseases and distinct oligosaccharide epitopes have been associated with cancer. Among them, truncated glycans present terminal non-reducing β-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues that are rare on healthy tissues. Lectins from unconventional sources such as fungi or algi provide novel markers that bind specifically to such epitopes, but their availability may be challenging. A GlcNAc-binding lectin from the fruiting body of the fungus Psathyrella velutina (PVL) has been produced in good yield in bacterial culture. A strong specificity for terminal GlcNAc residues was evidenced by glycan array. Affinity values obtained by microcalorimetry and surface plasmon resonance demonstrated a micromolar affinity for GlcNAcβ1-3Gal epitopes and for biantennary N-glycans with GlcNAcβ1-2Man capped branches. Crystal structure of PVL complexed with GlcNAcβ1-3Gal established the structural basis of the specificity. Labeling of several types of cancer cells and use of inhibitors of glycan metabolism indicated that rPVL binds to terminal GlcNAc but also to sialic acid (Neu5Ac). Analysis of glycosyltransferase expression confirmed the higher amount of GlcNAc present on cancer cells. rPVL binding is specific to cancer tissue and weak or no labeling is observed for healthy ones, except for stomach glands that present unique αGlcNAc-presenting mucins. In lung, breast and colon carcinomas, a clear delineation could be observed between cancer regions and surrounding healthy tissues. PVL is therefore a useful tool for labeling agalacto-glycans in cancer or other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Audfray
- CERMAV, UPR5301, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Mona Beldjoudi
- IAB, University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- INSERM U823, IAB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- University El Hadj Lakhdar, 05000 Batna, Algeria
| | - Adrien Breiman
- INSERM, UMR892, 44007 Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR6299, 44007 Nantes, France
- IRS UN, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Nantes University Hospital, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Amandine Hurbin
- IAB, University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- INSERM U823, IAB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Irene Boos
- Bioorganische Chemie, Gebäude NW1, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Carlo Unverzagt
- Bioorganische Chemie, Gebäude NW1, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Sylvie Lantuejoul
- IAB, University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- INSERM U823, IAB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Grenoble University Hospital, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- IAB, University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- INSERM U823, IAB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Annabelle Varrot
- CERMAV, UPR5301, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Benoit Busser
- IAB, University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- INSERM U823, IAB, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Grenoble University Hospital, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- * E-mail: (JLP); (BB); (AI)
| | - Anne Imberty
- CERMAV, UPR5301, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, 38041 Grenoble, France
- * E-mail: (JLP); (BB); (AI)
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for 2009-2010. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:268-422. [PMID: 24863367 PMCID: PMC7168572 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review is the sixth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2010. General aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, arrays and fragmentation are covered in the first part of the review and applications to various structural typed constitutes the remainder. The main groups of compound that are discussed in this section are oligo and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Many of these applications are presented in tabular form. Also discussed are medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Harvey
- Department of BiochemistryOxford Glycobiology InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3QUUK
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38
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Role of the unfolded protein response in regulating the mucin-dependent filamentous-growth mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 35:1414-32. [PMID: 25666509 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01501-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling mucins are evolutionarily conserved regulators of signal transduction pathways. The signaling mucin Msb2p regulates the Cdc42p-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that controls filamentous growth in yeast. The cleavage and release of the glycosylated inhibitory domain of Msb2p is required for MAPK activation. We show here that proteolytic processing of Msb2p was induced by underglycosylation of its extracellular domain. Cleavage of underglycosylated Msb2p required the unfolded protein response (UPR), a quality control (QC) pathway that operates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The UPR regulator Ire1p, which detects misfolded/underglycosylated proteins in the ER, controlled Msb2p cleavage by regulating transcriptional induction of Yps1p, the major protease that processes Msb2p. Accordingly, the UPR was required for differentiation to the filamentous cell type. Cleavage of Msb2p occurred in conditional trafficking mutants that trap secretory cargo in the endomembrane system. Processed Msb2p was delivered to the plasma membrane, and its turnover by the ubiquitin ligase Rsp5p and ESCRT attenuated the filamentous-growth pathway. We speculate that the QC pathways broadly regulate signaling glycoproteins and their cognate pathways by recognizing altered glycosylation patterns that can occur in response to extrinsic cues.
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Abstract
Glycans on proteins and lipids are known to alter with malignant transformation. The study of these may contribute to the discovery of biomarkers and treatment targets as well as understanding of cancer biology. We here describe the change of glycosylation specifically defining colorectal cancer with view on N-glycans, O-glycans, and glycosphingolipid glycans in colorectal cancer cells and tissues as well as patient sera. Glycan alterations observed in colon cancer include increased β1,6-branching and correlating higher abundance of (poly-)N-acetyllactosamine extensions of N-glycans as well as an increase in (truncated) high-mannose type glycans, while bisected structures decrease. Colorectal cancer-associated O-glycan changes are predominated by reduced expression of core 3 and 4 glycans, whereas higher levels of core 1 glycans, (sialyl) T-antigen, (sialyl) Tn-antigen, and a generally higher density of O-glycans are observed. Specific changes for glycosphingolipid glycans are lower abundances of disialylated structures as well as globo-type glycosphingolipid glycans with exception of Gb3. In general, alterations affecting all discussed glycan types are increased sialylation, fucosylation as well as (sialyl) Lewis-type antigens and type-2 chain glycans. As a consequence, interactions with glycan-binding proteins can be affected and the biological function and cellular consequences of the altered glycosylation with regard to tumorigenesis, metastasis, modulation of immunity, and resistance to antitumor therapy will be discussed. Finally, analytical approaches aiding in the field of glycomics will be reviewed with focus on binding assays and mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Holst
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yoann Rombouts
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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40
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Kaprio T, Satomaa T, Heiskanen A, Hokke CH, Deelder AM, Mustonen H, Hagström J, Carpen O, Saarinen J, Haglund C. N-glycomic profiling as a tool to separate rectal adenomas from carcinomas. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 14:277-88. [PMID: 25452313 PMCID: PMC4350025 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.041632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
All human cells are covered by glycans, the carbohydrate units of glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans. Most glycans are localized to cell surfaces and participate in events essential for cell viability and function. Glycosylation evolves during carcinogenesis, and therefore carcinoma-related glycan structures are potential cancer biomarkers. Colorectal cancer is one of the world's three most common cancers, and its incidence is rising. Novel biomarkers are essential to identify patients for targeted and individualized therapy. We compared the N-glycan profiles of five rectal adenomas and 18 rectal carcinomas of different stages by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Paraffin-embedded tumor samples were deparaffinized, and glycans were enzymatically released and purified. We found differences in glycosylation between adenomas and carcinomas: monoantennary, sialylated, pauci-mannose, and small high-mannose N-glycan structures were more common in carcinomas than in adenomas. We also found differences between stage I-II and stage III carcinomas. Based on these findings, we selected two glycan structures: pauci-mannose and sialyl Lewis a, for immunohistochemical analysis of their tissue expression in 220 colorectal cancer patients. In colorectal cancer, poor prognosis correlated with elevated expression of sialyl Lewis a, and in advanced colorectal cancer, poor prognosis correlated with elevated expression of pauci-mannose. In conclusion, by mass spectrometry we found several carcinoma related glycans, and we demonstrate a method of transforming these results into immunohistochemistry, a readily applicable method to study biomarker expression in patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas Kaprio
- From the ‡Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; §Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;
| | | | | | - Cornelis H Hokke
- ‖Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - André M Deelder
- ‖Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Harri Mustonen
- From the ‡Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- **Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki
| | - Olli Carpen
- ‡‡Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Caj Haglund
- From the ‡Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; §Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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41
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Mellergaard M, Skovbakke SL, Schneider CL, Lauridsen F, Andresen L, Jensen H, Skov S. N-glycosylation of asparagine 8 regulates surface expression of major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related protein A (MICA) alleles dependent on threonine 24. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:20078-91. [PMID: 24872415 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.573238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
NKG2D is an activating receptor expressed on several types of human lymphocytes. NKG2D ligands can be induced upon cell stress and are frequently targeted post-translationally in infected or transformed cells to avoid immune recognition. Virus infection and inflammation alter protein N-glycosylation, and we have previously shown that changes in cellular N-glycosylation are involved in regulation of NKG2D ligand surface expression. The specific mode of regulation through N-glycosylation is, however, unknown. Here we investigated whether direct N-glycosylation of the NKG2D ligand MICA itself is critical for cell surface expression and sought to identify the essential residues. We found that a single N-glycosylation site (Asn(8)) was important for MICA018 surface expression. The frequently expressed MICA allele 008, with an altered transmembrane and intracellular domain, was not affected by mutation of this N-glycosylation site. Mutational analysis revealed that a single amino acid (Thr(24)) in the extracellular domain of MICA018 was essential for the N-glycosylation dependence, whereas the intracellular domain was not involved. The HHV7 immunoevasin, U21, was found to inhibit MICA018 surface expression by affecting N-glycosylation, and the retention was rescued by T24A substitution. Our study reveals N-glycosylation as an allele-specific regulatory mechanism important for regulation of surface expression of MICA018, and we pinpoint the residues essential for this N-glycosylation dependence. In addition, we show that this regulatory mechanism of MICA surface expression is likely targeted during different pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiken Mellergaard
- From the Laboratory of Immunology, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark and
| | - Sarah Line Skovbakke
- From the Laboratory of Immunology, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark and
| | | | - Felicia Lauridsen
- From the Laboratory of Immunology, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark and
| | - Lars Andresen
- From the Laboratory of Immunology, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark and
| | - Helle Jensen
- From the Laboratory of Immunology, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark and
| | - Søren Skov
- From the Laboratory of Immunology, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark and
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42
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Peng Y, Xu X. Detection of sialylated N-Linked glycans by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11859-014-1008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Christiansen MN, Chik J, Lee L, Anugraham M, Abrahams JL, Packer NH. Cell surface protein glycosylation in cancer. Proteomics 2014; 14:525-46. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maja N. Christiansen
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | - Jenny Chik
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | - Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | - Merrina Anugraham
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | - Jodie L. Abrahams
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | - Nicolle H. Packer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Faculty of Science; Biomolecular Frontiers Research Centre; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
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Kobayashi Y, Masuda K, Banno K, Kobayashi N, Umene K, Nogami Y, Tsuji K, Ueki A, Nomura H, Sato K, Tominaga E, Shimizu T, Saya H, Aoki D. Glycan profiling of gestational choriocarcinoma using a lectin microarray. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:1121-6. [PMID: 24424471 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is an important post-translational modification, in which attachment of glycans to proteins has effects on biological functions and carcinogenesis. Analysis of human chorionic gonadotropin, a glycoprotein hormone produced by placental trophoblasts and trophoblastic tumors, has contributed to the diagnosis and treatment of trophoblastic disease, resulting in reduced incidence and mortality. However, alterations of the glycan structure itself in choriocarcinoma have not been characterized. We established a new choriocarcinoma cell line, induced choriocarcinoma cell-1 (iC3-1), which mimics the clinical pathohistology in vivo, to examine the tumorigenesis and pathogenesis of choriocarcinoma. In this study, the alterations of glycan structures in the development of choriocarcinoma were examined by performance of comprehensive glycan profiling in clinical samples and in iC3-1 cells using a conventional microarray and the recently introduced lectin microarray. Microarray comparison showed significant upregulation of several characteristic glycogenes in the iC3-1 cells as compared to the parental HTR8/SVneo cells. The lectin array showed increased α-2-6-sialic acid, Galβ1-4GlcNAc, GlcNAcβ1-3GalNAc, and decreased α-1-6 core fucose, high mannose, GalNacβ1-4Gal, GALNAc (Tn antigen) and Galβ1-3Gal in choriocarcinoma tissue compared to normal villi. This is the first report of a lectin array analysis in choriocarcinoma and provides useful information for understanding of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Masuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouji Banno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nana Kobayashi
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Umene
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Nogami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tsuji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arisa Ueki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Tominaga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takatsune Shimizu
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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45
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Cao Z, Maupin K, Curnutte B, Fallon B, Feasley CL, Brouhard E, Kwon R, West CM, Cunningham J, Brand R, Castelli P, Crippa S, Feng Z, Allen P, Simeone DM, Haab BB. Specific glycoforms of MUC5AC and endorepellin accurately distinguish mucinous from nonmucinous pancreatic cysts. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:2724-34. [PMID: 23836919 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.030700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific protein glycoforms may be uniquely informative about the pathological state of a cyst and may serve as accurate biomarkers. Here we tested that hypothesis using antibody-lectin sandwich arrays in broad screens of protein glycoforms and in targeted studies of candidate markers. We profiled 16 different glycoforms of proteins captured by 72 different antibodies in cyst fluid from mucinous and nonmucinous cysts (n = 22), and we then tested a three-marker panel in 22 addition samples and 22 blinded samples. Glycan alterations were not widespread among the proteins and were mainly confined to MUC5AC and endorepellin. Specific glycoforms of these proteins, defined by reactivity with wheat germ agglutinin and a blood group H antibody, were significantly elevated in mucinous cysts, whereas the core protein levels were not significantly elevated. A three-marker panel based on these glycoforms distinguished mucinous from nonmucinous cysts with 93% accuracy (89% sensitivity, 100% specificity) in a prevalidation sample set (n = 44) and with 91% accuracy (87% sensitivity, 100% specificity) in independent, blinded samples (n = 22). Targeted lectin measurements and mass spectrometry analyses indicated that the higher wheat germ agglutinin and blood group H reactivity was due to oligosaccharides terminating in GlcNAc or N-acetyl-lactosamine with occasional α1,2-linked fucose. The results show that MUC5AC and endorepellin glycoforms may be highly specific and sensitive biomarkers for the differentiation of mucinous from nonmucinous pancreatic cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Cao
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
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Zhou H, Ma H, Wei W, Ji D, Song X, Sun J, Zhang J, Jia L. B4GALT family mediates the multidrug resistance of human leukemia cells by regulating the hedgehog pathway and the expression of p-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e654. [PMID: 23744354 PMCID: PMC3698553 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
β-1, 4-Galactosyltransferase gene (B4GALT) family consists of seven members, which encode corresponding enzymes known as type II membrane-bound glycoproteins. These enzymes catalyze the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures, and have been recognized to be involved in various diseases. In this study, we sought to determine the expressional profiles of B4GALT family in four pairs of parental and chemoresistant human leukemia cell lines and in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) of leukemia patients with multidrug resistance (MDR). The results revealed that B4GALT1 and B4GALT5 were highly expressed in four MDR cells and patients, altered levels of B4GALT1 and B4GALT5 were responsible for changed drug-resistant phenotype of HL60 and HL60/adriamycin-resistant cells. Further data showed that manipulation of these two gene expression led to increased or decreased activity of hedgehog (Hh) signaling and proportionally mutative expression of p-glycoprotein (P-gp) and MDR-associated protein 1 (MRP1) that are both known to be related to MDR. Thus, we propose that B4GALT1 and B4GALT5, two members of B4GALT gene family, are involved in the development of MDR of human leukemia cells, probably by regulating the activity of Hh signaling and the expression of P-gp and MRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhou
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
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Jang KS, Kim YG, Adhya M, Park HM, Kim BG. The sweets standing at the borderline between allo- and xenotransplantation. Xenotransplantation 2013; 20:199-208. [PMID: 23551837 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Animal cells are densely covered with glycoconjugates, such as N-glycan, O-glycan, and glycosphingolipids, which are important for various biological and immunological events at the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. Endothelial α-Gal carbohydrate epitopes (Galα3Gal-R) expressed on porcine tissue or cell surfaces are such glycoconjugates and directly mediate hyperacute immunological rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. Although researchers have been able to develop α1,3-galactosyltransferase (GalT) gene knockout (KO) pigs, there remain unclarified non-Gal antigens that prevent xenotransplantation. Based on our expertise in the structural analysis of xenoantigenic carbohydrates, we describe the immunologically significant non-human carbohydrate antigens, including α-Gal antigens, analyzed as part of efforts to assess the antigens responsible for hyperacute immunological rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. The importance of studying human, pig, and GalT-KO pig glycoprofiles, and of developing adequate pig-to-human glycan databases, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Soon Jang
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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48
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Walther T, Karamanska R, Chan RWY, Chan MCW, Jia N, Air G, Hopton C, Wong MP, Dell A, Malik Peiris JS, Haslam SM, Nicholls JM. Glycomic analysis of human respiratory tract tissues and correlation with influenza virus infection. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003223. [PMID: 23516363 PMCID: PMC3597497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The first step in influenza infection of the human respiratory tract is binding of the virus to sialic (Sia) acid terminated receptors. The binding of different strains of virus for the receptor is determined by the α linkage of the sialic acid to galactose and the adjacent glycan structure. In this study the N- and O-glycan composition of the human lung, bronchus and nasopharynx was characterized by mass spectrometry. Analysis showed that there was a wide spectrum of both Sia α2-3 and α2-6 glycans in the lung and bronchus. This glycan structural data was then utilized in combination with binding data from 4 of the published glycan arrays to assess whether these current glycan arrays were able to predict replication of human, avian and swine viruses in human ex vivo respiratory tract tissues. The most comprehensive array from the Consortium for Functional Glycomics contained the greatest diversity of sialylated glycans, but was not predictive of productive replication in the bronchus and lung. Our findings indicate that more comprehensive but focused arrays need to be developed to investigate influenza virus binding in an assessment of newly emerging influenza viruses. This study was performed to determine what possible glycan receptors for influenza were present in the human respiratory tract. We compared the glycans present on existing published glycan arrays with the actual glycans identified in the human respiratory tract by mass spectrometric analysis to determine how representative these arrays would be for potential binding. The most comprehensive array to date only contained approximately half the range of the actual glycans present. Over the past 5 years we have performed ex-vivo infection of 113 bronchial and 185 lung samples with seasonal, avian and swine influenza viruses, and have demonstrated that the lung is able to be infected by all types of influenza viruses but that the bronchus can also be infected by a limited range of avian, swine and seasonal viruses. The key findings are that there is wide spectrum of glycans present in the respiratory tract which can be used by influenza viruses for infection, and the currently available arrays are not predictive of successful infection. Our findings will be of use for researchers in developing more comprehensive and focused arrays for the screening of emerging influenza viruses and bacteria in order to determine their potential threat to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevenan Walther
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rositsa Karamanska
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Biochemistry Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Renee W. Y. Chan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael C. W. Chan
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nan Jia
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Biochemistry Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian Air
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Clark Hopton
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maria P. Wong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anne Dell
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Biochemistry Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. S. Malik Peiris
- Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- HKU-Pasteur Research Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stuart M. Haslam
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Biochemistry Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: .
| | - John M. Nicholls
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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Mitchell A, Mathew G, Jiang T, Hamdy FC, Cross SS, Eaton C, Winder SJ. Dystroglycan function is a novel determinant of tumor growth and behavior in prostate cancer. Prostate 2013; 73:398-408. [PMID: 22996647 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dystroglycan is a ubiquitously expressed cell adhesion molecule frequently found to be altered or reduced in adenocarcinomas, however the mechanisms or consequences of dystroglycan loss have not been studied extensively. METHODS We examined the consequence of overexpression or RNAi depletion of dystroglycan on properties of in vitro growth migration and invasion of LNCaP, PC3, and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines. RESULTS Using LNCaP cells we observed cell density-dependent changes in β-dystroglycan with the appearance of several lower molecular weight species ranging in size from 43 to 26 kDa. The bands of 31 and 26 kDa were attributed to proteolysis, whereas bands between 43 and 38 kDa were a consequence of mis-glycosylation. The localization of β-dystroglycan in LNCaP colonies in culture also varied, cells with a mesenchymal appearance at the periphery of the colony had more pronounced membrane localization of dystroglycan. Whereas some cells demonstrated nuclear dystroglycan. Increased dystroglycan levels were inhibitory to growth in soft agar but promoted Matrigel invasion, whereas reduced dystroglycan levels promoted growth in soft agar but inhibited invasion. Similar results were also obtained for PC3 and DU145 cells. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that changes in β-dystroglycan distribution within the cell and/or the loss of dystroglycan during tumorigenesis, through a combination of proteolysis and altered glycosylation, leads to an increased ability to grow in an anchorage independent manner, however dystroglycan may need to be re-expressed for cell invasion and metastasis to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mitchell
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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50
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Mercer N, Ramakrishnan B, Boeggeman E, Verdi L, Qasba PK. Use of novel mutant galactosyltransferase for the bioconjugation of terminal N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues on live cell surface. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:144-52. [PMID: 23259695 PMCID: PMC3547369 DOI: 10.1021/bc300542z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the crystal structure of bovine β4Gal-T1 enzyme, mutation of a single amino acid Y289 to L289 (Y289L) changed its donor specificity from Gal to N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc). A chemoenzymatic method that uses GalNAc analogues like GalNAz or 2-keto-Gal as sugar donors with the enzyme Y289L-β4Gal-T1 has identified hundreds of cytosolic and nuclear proteins that have O-GlcNAc modifications. To avoid potential cytotoxicity at Mn(2+) concentrations required to selectively modify GlcNAc residues on the surface of live cells, we have engineered a Mg(2+)-dependent enzyme. Previously, we found that the mutation of the metal-binding residue Met-344 to His-344 in bovine β4Gal-T1 enzyme altered its metal-ion specificity in such a way that the M344H-β4Gal-T1 enzyme exhibits better catalytic activity with Mg(2+) than with Mn(2+). Here, we find that, when these two mutations are combined, the double mutant, Y289L-M344H-β4Gal-T1, transfers GalNAc and its analogue sugars to the acceptor GlcNAc in the presence of Mg(2+). Using this mutant enzyme, we have detected free GlcNAc residues on the surface glycans of live HeLa cells and platelets. The specific transfer of a synthetic sugar with a chemical handle to the terminal GlcNAc residues on the surface of live cells provides a novel tool for selective modification, detection, and isolation of GlcNAc-ending glycans present on the cellular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Mercer
- Structural Glycobiology Section, CCR-Nanobiology Program, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Boopathy Ramakrishnan
- Structural Glycobiology Section, CCR-Nanobiology Program, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
- Basic Science Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Elizabeth Boeggeman
- Structural Glycobiology Section, CCR-Nanobiology Program, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
- Basic Science Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Luke Verdi
- Structural Glycobiology Section, CCR-Nanobiology Program, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Pradman K. Qasba
- Structural Glycobiology Section, CCR-Nanobiology Program, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
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