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Casasanta N, Patel R, Raymond S, Kier MW, Blanter J, Sohval S, Hovstadius M, Wu C, Zimmerman B, Cascetta K, Bagiella E, Tiersten A. Correlating Predicted Adjuvant Therapy Benefit and Risk of Recurrence Between Breast Cancer Index (BCI) and the 21-Gene Oncotype DX Recurrence Score (RS). Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:585-596. [PMID: 38971641 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast Cancer Index (BCI) is a genomic assay that evaluates the benefit of extending endocrine therapy (ET) from 5 to 10 years and predicts recurrence risk (RR). We evaluated the association between BCI and Oncotype DX (ODX). PATIENTS Women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive early-stage breast cancer (EBC) who had BCI and ODX performed were included. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of women with HR-positive EBC. BCI was categorized as predictive of extended ET versus not and ODX recurrence score (RS) as low (0-10), intermediate (11-25), and high (26-100). Univariate and multivariable logistic and linear regression models assessed the relationship between BCI and ODX, factors associated with each, and discordance between scores. RESULTS We identified 153 women, 22% were premenopausal and 18% were lymph node positive. The univariate logistic and linear models revealed an association between BCI predictive score and ODX RS (OR 7.84, CI, 2.63-23.36, P < .001) and log of BCI RR (Beta 0.04, CI, 0.02-0.06, P < .001). Seventy-four percent of BCI predictive scores were concordant with ODX RS and 83% of BCI RR was concordant with ODX RR. In a univariate logistic regression model, BCI predictive of ET benefit was associated with discordance (OR 28.00, CI, 10.58-74.02, P < .001). Higher ODX RR was associated with discordance (OR 1.92, CI, 1.42-2.59, P < .001). CONCLUSION We found a significant association between ODX and BCI predictive and prognostic scores. BCI predictive of extended ET benefit was associated with discordance with ODX RS. Higher predicted RR on ODX was associated with discordance with BCI predicted RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Casasanta
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
| | - Rima Patel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY
| | - Samantha Raymond
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Melanie W Kier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY
| | - Julia Blanter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY
| | - Sophie Sohval
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Malin Hovstadius
- Frank H. Netter School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, Department of Medicine, Hamden, CT
| | - Catherine Wu
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Brittney Zimmerman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Northwell Cancer Institute, Riverhead, NY
| | - Krystal Cascetta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY
| | - Emilia Bagiella
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Amy Tiersten
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY
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Yadav C, Yadav R, Nanda S, Ranga S, Ahuja P, Tanwar M. Role of HOX genes in cancer progression and their therapeutical aspects. Gene 2024; 919:148501. [PMID: 38670395 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
HOX genes constitute a family of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that play pivotal roles in embryonic development, tissue patterning, and cell differentiation. These genes are essential for the precise spatial and temporal control of body axis formation in vertebrates. In addition to their developmental functions, HOX genes have garnered significant attention for their involvement in various diseases, including cancer. Deregulation of HOX gene expression has been observed in numerous malignancies, where they can influence tumorigenesis, progression, and therapeutic responses. This review provides an overview of the diverse roles of HOX genes in development, disease, and potential therapeutic targets, highlighting their significance in understanding biological processes and their potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetna Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India.
| | - Smiti Nanda
- Retd. Senior Professor and Head, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Shalu Ranga
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Parul Ahuja
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Mukesh Tanwar
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
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O'Regan RM, Zhang Y, Fleming GF, Francis PA, Kammler R, Viale G, Dell'Orto P, Lang I, Bellet M, Bonnefoi HR, Tondini C, Villa F, Bernardo A, Ciruelos EM, Neven P, Karlsson P, Müller B, Jochum W, Zaman K, Martino S, Geyer CE, Jerzak KJ, Davidson NE, Coleman RE, Ingle JN, van Mackelenbergh MT, Loi S, Colleoni M, Schnabel CA, Treuner K, Regan MM. Breast Cancer Index in Premenopausal Women With Early-Stage Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. JAMA Oncol 2024:2822321. [PMID: 39145953 PMCID: PMC11327904 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Importance Adjuvant ovarian function suppression (OFS) with oral endocrine therapy improves outcomes for premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer but adds adverse effects. A genomic biomarker for selecting patients most likely to benefit from OFS-based treatment is lacking. Objective To assess the predictive and prognostic performance of the Breast Cancer Index (BCI) for OFS benefit in premenopausal women with HR+ breast cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective-retrospective translational study used all available tumor tissue samples from female patients from the Suppression of Ovarian Function Trial (SOFT). These individuals were randomized to receive 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen alone, tamoxifen plus OFS, or exemestane plus OFS. BCI testing was performed blinded to clinical data and outcome. The a priori hypothesis was that BCI HOXB13/IL17BR ratio (BCI[H/I])-high tumors would benefit more from OFS and high BCI portended poorer prognosis in this population. Settings spanned multiple centers internationally. Participants included premenopausal female patients with HR+ early breast cancer with specimens in the International Breast Cancer Study Group tumor repository available for RNA extraction. Data were collected from December 2003 to April 2021 and were analyzed from May 2022 to October 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary end points were breast cancer-free interval (BCFI) for the predictive analysis and distant recurrence-free interval (DRFI) for the prognostic analyses. Results Tumor specimens were available for 1718 of the 3047 female patients in the SOFT intention-to-treat population. The 1687 patients (98.2%) who had specimens that yielded sufficient RNA for BCI testing represented the parent trial population. The median (IQR) follow-up time was 12 (10.5-13.4) years, and 512 patients (30.3%) were younger than 40 years. Tumors were BCI(H/I)-low for 972 patients (57.6%) and BCI(H/I)-high for 715 patients (42.4%). Patients with tumors classified as BCI(H/I)-low exhibited a 12-year absolute benefit in BCFI of 11.6% from exemestane plus OFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.48 [95% CI, 0.33-0.71]) and an absolute benefit of 7.3% from tamoxifen plus OFS (HR, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.48-0.97]) relative to tamoxifen alone. In contrast, patients with BCI(H/I)-high tumors did not benefit from either exemestane plus OFS (absolute benefit, -0.4%; HR, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.70-1.53]; P for interaction = .006) or tamoxifen plus OFS (absolute benefit, -1.2%; HR, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.72-1.54]; P for interaction = .11) compared with tamoxifen alone. BCI continuous index was significantly prognostic in the N0 subgroup for DRFI (n = 1110; P = .004), with 12-year DRFI of 95.9%, 90.8%, and 86.3% in BCI low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk N0 cancers, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance In this prospective-retrospective translational study of patients enrolled in SOFT, BCI was confirmed as prognostic in premenopausal women with HR+ breast cancer. The benefit from OFS-containing adjuvant endocrine therapy was greater for patients with BCI(H/I)-low tumors than BCI(H/I)-high tumors. BCI(H/I)-low status may identify premenopausal patients who are likely to benefit from this more intensive endocrine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth M O'Regan
- University of Rochester Department of Medicine, Rochester, New York
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotheranostics, A Hologic Company, San Diego, California
| | - Gini F Fleming
- The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Prudence A Francis
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
- St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Breast Cancer Trials Australia & New Zealand, Newcastle, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Roswitha Kammler
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- International Breast Cancer Study Group Central Pathology Office, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Dell'Orto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Meritxell Bellet
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- SOLTI Breast Cancer Research Cooperative Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Herve R Bonnefoi
- Institut Bergonie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Universite de Bordeaux, INSERM U1312, Bordeaux, France
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Federica Villa
- Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, Alessandro Manzoni Hospital, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Antonio Bernardo
- Operative Unit of Medical Oncology, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eva M Ciruelos
- SOLTI Breast Cancer Research Cooperative Group, Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick Neven
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium
- Gynecologic Oncology and Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bettina Müller
- Chilean Cooperative Group for Oncologic Research (GOCCHI), Santiago, Chile
| | - Wolfram Jochum
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Khalil Zaman
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland
- Breast Center, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Silvana Martino
- The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, Santa Monica, California
- SWOG Cancer Research Network, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Charles E Geyer
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- NSABP Foundation/NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Katarzyna J Jerzak
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy E Davidson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, University of Washington Seattle, Washington
- ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert E Coleman
- Weston Park Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- National Cancer Research Institute, Breast Cancer Clinical Studies Group (NCRI-BCSG), London, United Kingdom
- The Institute for Cancer Research, The Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit (ICR-CTSU), London, United Kingdom
| | - James N Ingle
- Mayo Clinic and Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Marion T van Mackelenbergh
- German Breast Group, Neu Isenburg, Germany
- University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany
| | - Sherene Loi
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne Australia
| | - Marco Colleoni
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Medical Senology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Kai Treuner
- Biotheranostics, A Hologic Company, San Diego, California
| | - Meredith M Regan
- IBCSG Statistical Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Tan X, Li Z, Xie H, Chen J, Xiao J, Zhi Y, Mo H, Huang Y, Liu A. Pan-cancer analysis of homeodomain-containing gene C10 and its carcinogenesis in lung adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:15243-15266. [PMID: 38154103 PMCID: PMC10781453 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
We found elevated homeodomain-containing gene C10 (HOXC10) showed dual roles in cancers' prognosis. Some signal pathways associated with tumor were totally positively enriched in HOXC10 for whole cancers. On the contrary, Notch signaling, Wnt-beta catenin signaling, myogenesis, and Hedgehog signaling were almost negatively enriched in HOXC10. Some pathways showed dual roles such as Kras signaling, interferon gram and alpha response, IL6/JAK/STAT3, IL2/STAT5 signaling. HOXC10 was associated with tumor mutation burden and microsatellite instability. HOXC10 also was associated with tumor microenvironment and immune status. HOXC10 was negatively associated with immune score in most cancers except colon adenocarcinoma. The correlations of HOXC10 with immune-related genes presented dual roles in different cancers. Results from our clinical samples indicated that HOXC10 was an independent predictor for distant metastasis-free survival in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Notably, the high levels of HOXC10 were positively correlated with the expression of angiogenic markers, vascular endothelial growth factor and microvessel density, and the number of CTC clusters. Our results demonstrated that aberrant expression happened in most cancers, which also affected the clinical prognosis and involved in progression via multiple signal pathways cancers. HOXC10 overexpression plays an important role in the aggression and metastasis in LUAD, which indicated a potential therapeutic target and an independent factor for the prognosis for LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Tan
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Huayan Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, Heyuan, China
| | - Jiarong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529030, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yaofeng Zhi
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529030, Guangdong, China
| | - Haixin Mo
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529030, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanming Huang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529030, Guangdong, China
| | - Aibin Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
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Tang C, Qiu S, Mou W, Xu J, Wang P. Excessive activation of HOXB13/PIMREG axis promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and drug resistance. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 623:81-88. [PMID: 35878427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor HOXB13 is bound up with the occurrence, progression and drug fast of many kinds of cancer. Nevertheless, the specific molecular mechanism of HOXB13 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown. This provides an obstacle to the exploration of HCC treatments targeting HOXB13. This study found that HOXB13 was up-regulated in HCC tissues. HOXB13 enhanced the multiplication and metastasis of HCC cells. It enhanced HCC cell drug and anoikis resistance. The analysis of HCC RNA seq data indicated that the expression of HOXB13 and PIMREG were positively correlated. Luciferase report assay showed that HOXB13 could activate PIMREG promoter transcription. The results of RT-qPCR and western blot showed that HOXB13 regulated the transcription of PIMREG. Western blot proved that high expression of PIMREG participated in DNA damage repair and cell cycle regulation by up-regulating RAD51, BRCA1, CDC25A, CDC25B and CDC25C and down-regulating HIPK2. This led to a significant increase in DNA repair capacity, accelerated cell cycle progression, and insensitive to DNA damage. Down-regulation of PIMREG in Hep3B cells overexpressing HOXB13 attenuated the phenotype induced by HOXB13. Therefore, HOXB13 functioned through PIMREG instead of directly regulating the transcription of RAD51, BRCA1, CDC25A, CDC25B and CDC25C. The same results were obtained in vivo. It was concluded that HOXB13 affected the expression of cell cycle and DNA repair related factors by up-regulating the transcription of PIMREG, thereby promoting the progression of HCC and enhancing the resistance of HCC to chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Tang
- Department of Radiology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Shixiong Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Wenying Mou
- Department of Radiology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Jinming Xu
- Department of Radiology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Peijun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China.
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Belpaire M, Taminiau A, Geerts D, Rezsohazy R. HOXA1, a breast cancer oncogene. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188747. [PMID: 35675857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
More than 25 years ago, the first literature records mentioned HOXA1 expression in human breast cancer. A few years later, HOXA1 was confirmed as a proper oncogene in mammary tissue. In the following two decades, molecular data about the mode of action of the HOXA1 protein, the factors contributing to activate and maintain HOXA1 gene expression and the identity of its target genes have accumulated and provide a wider view on the association of this transcription factor to breast oncogenesis. Large-scale transcriptomic data gathered from wide cohorts of patients further allowed refining the relationship between breast cancer type and HOXA1 expression. Several recent reports have reviewed the connection between cancer hallmarks and the biology of HOX genes in general. Here we take HOXA1 as a paradigm and propose an extensive overview of the molecular data centered on this oncoprotein, from what its expression modulators, to the interactors contributing to its oncogenic activities, and to the pathways and genes it controls. The data converge to an intricate picture that answers questions on the multi-modality of its oncogene activities, point towards better understanding of breast cancer aetiology and thereby provides an appraisal for treatment opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Belpaire
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology Group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Taminiau
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology Group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Dirk Geerts
- Heart Failure Research Center, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AMC), Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - René Rezsohazy
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology Group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Gao DZ, Yang YS, Wang Z, Zhao XF. Expression profile and prognostic significance of HOXB13 in rectal cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2022; 37:140-148. [PMID: 35296171 DOI: 10.1177/17246008221076151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the expression pattern and prognostic significance of HOXB13 in rectal cancer. METHODS HOXB13 expression in rectal cancer and normal adjacent tissues was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, and its clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were statistically tested. Furthermore, we evaluated the association between tumor immune infiltrating cells and HOXB13 using the tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) database. The potential biological mechanism associated with HOXB13 overexpression was investigated by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). RESULTS The expression of HOXB13 messenger RNA and protein in human rectal cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in the normal adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). HOXB13 expression was significantly correlated with depth of invasion, lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and pathological tumor node metastasis stage (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curves confirmed that HOXB13 overexpression was correlated negatively with overall survival and disease-free survival in rectal cancer (P < 0.05). Also, multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that HOXB13 expression, age, and lymphatic invasion were independent prognostic factors in rectal cancer (P < 0.05). Plus, the results from the TIMER database indicated that HOXB13 expression has a significant association with several immune cell infiltrates. Finally, the GSEA results indicated that HOXB13 participated in the various immune-associated processes, including natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity and the T-cell receptor signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our study showed an essential role of HOXB13 in rectal cancer immunity and prognosis. Significantly, the overexpression of HOXB13 leads to the worse prognosis for patients with rectal cancer, which will contribute to understanding molecular mechanisms associated with tumor pathogenesis and prognosis in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Zhi Gao
- Department of General Surgery, 194043Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Yu-Shen Yang
- Department of General Surgery, 194043Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Zhun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, 194043Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Xue-Feng Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, 194043Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
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Shenoy US, Adiga D, Kabekkodu SP, Hunter KD, Radhakrishnan R. Molecular implications of HOX genes targeting multiple signaling pathways in cancer. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 38:1-30. [PMID: 34617205 PMCID: PMC8789642 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Homeobox (HOX) genes encode highly conserved homeotic transcription factors that play a crucial role in organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Their deregulation impacts the function of several regulatory molecules contributing to tumor initiation and progression. A functional bridge exists between altered gene expression of individual HOX genes and tumorigenesis. This review focuses on how deregulation in the HOX-associated signaling pathways contributes to the metastatic progression in cancer. We discuss their functional significance, clinical implications and ascertain their role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in the various cancer types. Besides, the mechanism of understanding the theoretical underpinning that affects HOX-mediated therapy resistance in cancers has been outlined. The knowledge gained shall pave the way for newer insights into the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Sangeetha Shenoy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Keith D Hunter
- Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
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Zhao X, Jiang Y, Xu M, Hu J, Feng N, Deng H, Lu C, Huang T. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 regulates breast cancer tamoxifen resistance through interleukin-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 440:115921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.115921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Morgan R, Hunter K, Pandha HS. Downstream of the HOX genes: explaining conflicting tumour suppressor and oncogenic functions in cancer. Int J Cancer 2022; 150:1919-1932. [PMID: 35080776 PMCID: PMC9304284 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The HOX genes are a highly conserved group of transcription factors that have key roles in early development, but which are also highly expressed in most cancers. Many studies have found strong associative relationships between the expression of individual HOX genes in tumours and clinical parameters including survival. For the majority of HOX genes, high tumour expression levels seem to be associated with a worse outcome for patients, and in some cases this has been shown to result from the activation of pro-oncogenic genes and pathways. However, there are also many studies that indicate a tumour suppressor role for some HOX genes, sometimes with conclusions that contradict earlier work. In this review, we have attempted to clarify the role of HOX genes in cancer by focusing on their downstream targets as identified in studies that provide experimental evidence for their activation or repression. On this basis, the majority of HOX genes would appear to have a pro-oncogenic function, with the notable exception of HOXD10, which acts exclusively as a tumour suppressor. HOX proteins regulate a wide range of target genes involved in metastasis, cell death, proliferation, and angiogenesis, and activate key cell signalling pathways. Furthermore, for some functionally related targets, this regulation is achieved by a relatively small subgroup of HOX genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Morgan
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of West LondonLondonUK
| | - Keith Hunter
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Hardev S. Pandha
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK
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11
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Identification of early diagnostic biomarkers via WGCNA in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112477. [PMID: 34864309 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is the world's second-leading cause of cancer-related mortality, continuing to make it a serious healthcare concern. Even though the prevalence of GC reduces, the prognosis for GC patients remains poor in terms of a lack of reliable biomarkers to diagnose early GC and predict chemosensitivity and recurrence. METHODS AND MATERIAL We integrated the gene expression patterns of gastric cancers from four RNAseq datasets (GSE113255, GSE142000, GSE118897, and GSE130823) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to recognize differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and GC samples. A gene co-expression network was built using weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Furthermore, RT-qPCR was performed to validate the in silico results. RESULTS The red modules in GSE113255, Turquoise in GSE142000, Brown in GSE118897, and the green-yellow module in GSE130823 datasets were found to be highly correlated with the anatomical site of GC. ITGAX, CCL14, ADHFE1, and HOXB13) as the hub gene are differentially expressed in tumor and non-tumor gastric tissues in this study. RT-qPCR demonstrated a high level of the expression of this gene. CONCLUSION The expression levels of ITGAX, CCL14, ADHFE1, and HOXB13 in GC tumor tissues are considerably greater than in adjacent normal tissues. Systems biology approaches identified that these genes could be possible GC marker genes, providing ideas for other experimental studies in the future.
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12
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Feng Y, Zhang T, Wang Y, Xie M, Ji X, Luo X, Huang W, Xia L. Homeobox Genes in Cancers: From Carcinogenesis to Recent Therapeutic Intervention. Front Oncol 2021; 11:770428. [PMID: 34722321 PMCID: PMC8551923 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.770428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeobox (HOX) genes encoding an evolutionarily highly conserved family of homeodomain-containing transcriptional factors are essential for embryogenesis and tumorigenesis. HOX genes are involved in cell identity determination during early embryonic development and postnatal processes. The deregulation of HOX genes is closely associated with numerous human malignancies, highlighting the indispensable involvement in mortal cancer development. Since most HOX genes behave as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in human cancer, a better comprehension of their upstream regulators and downstream targets contributes to elucidating the function of HOX genes in cancer development. In addition, targeting HOX genes may imply therapeutic potential. Recently, novel therapies such as monoclonal antibodies targeting tyrosine receptor kinases, small molecular chemical inhibitors, and small interfering RNA strategies, are difficult to implement for targeting transcriptional factors on account of the dual function and pleiotropic nature of HOX genes-related molecular networks. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge on the roles of HOX genes in human cancer and emphasizes the emerging importance of HOX genes as potential therapeutic targets to overcome the limitations of present cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongyue Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Limin Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Xu T, Yu S, Zhang J, Wu S. Dysregulated tumor-associated macrophages in carcinogenesis, progression and targeted therapy of gynecological and breast cancers. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:181. [PMID: 34717710 PMCID: PMC8557603 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecological and breast cancers are a group of heterogeneous malignant tumors. Although existing treatment strategies have ameliorated the clinical outcomes of patients, the overall survival rate of advanced diseases remains unsatisfactory. Increasing evidence has indicated that the development and prognosis of tumors are closely related to the tumor microenvironment (TME), which restricts the immune response and provokes malignant progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the main component of TME and act as a key regulator in tumor metastasis, immunosuppression and therapeutic resistance. Several preclinical trials have studied potential drugs that target TAMs to achieve potent anticancer therapy. This review focuses on the various functions of TAMs and how they influence the carcinogenesis of gynecological and breast cancers through regulating cancer cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis and tumor-related immunosuppression. Besides, we also discuss the potential application of disabling TAMs signaling as a part of cancer therapeutic strategies, as well as CAR macrophages, TAMs-based vaccines and TAMs nanobiotechnology. These research advances support that targeting TAMs combined with conventional therapy might be used as effective therapeutics for gynecological and breast cancers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihui Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sufang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Belpaire M, Ewbank B, Taminiau A, Bridoux L, Deneyer N, Marchese D, Lima-Mendez G, Baurain JF, Geerts D, Rezsohazy R. HOXA1 Is an Antagonist of ERα in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:609521. [PMID: 34490074 PMCID: PMC8417444 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.609521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and the leading cause of female cancer mortality worldwide. About 70% of breast cancers express ERα. HOX proteins are master regulators of embryo development which have emerged as being important players in oncogenesis. HOXA1 is one of them. Here, we present bioinformatic analyses of genome-wide mRNA expression profiles available in large public datasets of human breast cancer samples. We reveal an extremely strong opposite correlation between HOXA1 versus ER expression and that of 2,486 genes, thereby supporting a functional antagonism between HOXA1 and ERα. We also demonstrate in vitro that HOXA1 can inhibit ERα activity. This inhibition is at least bimodal, requiring an intact HOXA1 DNA-binding homeodomain and involving the DNA-binding independent capacity of HOXA1 to activate NF-κB. We provide evidence that the HOXA1-PBX interaction known to be critical for the transcriptional activity of HOXA1 is not involved in the ERα inhibition. Finally, we reveal that HOXA1 and ERα can physically interact but that this interaction is not essential for the HOXA1-mediated inhibition of ERα. Like other HOX oncoproteins interacting with ERα, HOXA1 could be involved in endocrine therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Belpaire
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Bruno Ewbank
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Taminiau
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Laure Bridoux
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Noémie Deneyer
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Damien Marchese
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Gipsi Lima-Mendez
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Baurain
- Pôle d'imagerie moléculaire, radiothérapie et oncologie (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium.,King Albert II Cancer Institute, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
| | - Dirk Geerts
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centrum (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - René Rezsohazy
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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15
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Gong D, Zhu H, Zeng L, Hu R, Hu J, Ding J. Overexpression of HOXA10 promotes the growth and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:2454-2462. [PMID: 34293937 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211030854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of HOX transcription factor family has frequently been observed in multiple human cancers; however, their role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma remains largely unclear. In the present study, we found that HOX gene family is consistently upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and identified HOXA10 as one of the mostly upregulated HOX genes. Importantly, we show that HOXA10 overexpression is associated with transcriptional activation of multiple oncogenes essential for nasopharyngeal carcinoma carcinogenesis, including S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CAMKK2), and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1). Mechanistically, the overexpression of SKP2 induces the degradation of cell cycle inhibitor p27, leading to rapid cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. The overexpression of CAMKK2 is associated with enhanced mTOR signaling activity to meet the increased demand for proteins synthesis in rapid growing nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Moreover, MMP1 overexpression facilitates nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell migration and invasion and contributes to cancer metastasis and progression. We thus concluded that HOXA10 overexpression promotes the growth and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by transcriptionally activating various oncogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Gong
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Lei Zeng
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ronghuan Hu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jiali Hu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jianwu Ding
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang 330006, China
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16
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Jeong D, Ham J, Kim HW, Kim H, Ji HW, Yun SH, Park JE, Lee KS, Jo H, Han JH, Jung SY, Lee S, Lee ES, Kang HS, Kim SJ. ELOVL2: a novel tumor suppressor attenuating tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:2568-2589. [PMID: 34249416 PMCID: PMC8263635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic events have successfully explained the cause of various cancer types, but little is known about tamoxifen resistance (TamR) that induces cancer recurrence. In this study, via genome-wide methylation analysis in MCF-7/TamR cells we show that elongation of very-long chain fatty acid protein 2 (ELOVL2) was hypermethylated and downregulated in the samples from TamR breast cancer patients (n = 28) compared with those from Tam-sensitive (TamS) patients (n = 33) (P < 0.001). Strikingly, in addition to having tumor suppressor activity, ELOVL2 was shown to recover Tam sensitivity up to 70% in the MCF-7/TamR cells and in a xenograft mouse model. A group of genes in the AKT and ERa signaling pathways, e.g., THEM4, which play crucial roles in drug resistance, were found to be regulated by ELOVL2. This study implies that the deregulation of a gene in fatty acid metabolism can lead to drug resistance, giving insight into the development of a new therapeutic strategy for drug-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-SeoulGoyang, Republic of Korea
- Current address: AprogenSungnam 13215, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Ham
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-SeoulGoyang, Republic of Korea
- Current address: Kogene BiotechSeoul 08507, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Woo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-SeoulGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejoo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-SeoulGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwee Won Ji
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-SeoulGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Yun
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-SeoulGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Park
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-SeoulGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Seok Lee
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer CenterGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Heein Jo
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer CenterGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jai Hong Han
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer CenterGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Youn Jung
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer CenterGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seeyoun Lee
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer CenterGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sook Lee
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer CenterGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sung Kang
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer CenterGoyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jung Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-SeoulGoyang, Republic of Korea
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17
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Guo C, Chu H, Gong Z, Zhang B, Li C, Chen J, Huang L. HOXB13 promotes gastric cancer cell migration and invasion via IGF-1R upregulation and subsequent activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Life Sci 2021; 278:119522. [PMID: 33894267 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed at exploring HOXB13 expression and function in gastric cancer (GC), and the underlying molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS HOXB13 and fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) expression in GC and non-GC tissues of GC patients were analyzed using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and verified by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. The regulatory relationship between FTO and HOXB13 was verified via RT-qPCR, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq), and double luciferase reporter gene assay. The effects of HOXB13 and FTO on proliferation, invasion, and migration of GC cells were studied using EdU and Transwell assays. KEY FINDINGS HOXB13 and FTO expression was abnormally high in GC tissues and cell lines, with no significant correlation between HOXB13 and FTO expression and the prognosis of GC patients. Inhibiting FTO expression in GC cells decreased HOXB13 methylation and upregulated HOXB13 expression. Inhibiting HOXB13 and FTO expression suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Decreased HOXB13 expression suppressed PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway activity, while atypical HOXB13 expression promoted it. A probable downstream target of HOXB13 was insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R); a decrease in IGF-1R relieved GC cell migration, invasion, and proliferation and inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway activity promoted by atypical HOXB13 expression. SIGNIFICANCE HOXB13 and FTO expression is elevated in GC. FTO suppresses HOXB13 methylation; FTO and HOXB13 expression promotes GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. HOXB13 expression intensifies GC invasion through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling via IGF-1R. HOXB13 and associated signaling pathways can be effective targets for GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjin Chu
- Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohua Gong
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liuye Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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18
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A six-gene-based signature for breast cancer radiotherapy sensitivity estimation. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226938. [PMID: 33179733 PMCID: PMC7711058 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) represents the most common malignancy among women worldwide with high mortality. Radiotherapy is a prevalent therapeutic for BRCA that with heterogeneous effectiveness among patients. Here, we proposed to develop a gene expression-based signature for BRCA radiotherapy sensitivity estimation. Gene expression profiles of BRCA samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) were obtained and used as training and independent testing dataset, respectively. Differential expression genes (DEGs) in BRCA samples compared with their paracancerous samples in the training set were identified by using the edgeR Bioconductor package. Univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO Cox regression method were applied to screen optimal genes for constructing a radiotherapy sensitivity estimation signature. Nomogram combining independent prognostic factors was used to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS of radiation-treated BRCA patients. Relative proportions of tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) calculated by CIBERSORT and mRNA levels of key immune checkpoint receptors was adopted to explore the relation between the signature and tumor immune response. As a result, 603 DEGs were obtained in BRCA tumor samples, six of which were retained and used to construct the radiotherapy sensitivity prediction model. The signature was proved to be robust in both training and testing sets. In addition, the signature was closely related to the immune microenvironment of BRCA in the context of TIICs and immune checkpoint receptors’ mRNA levels. In conclusion, the present study obtained a radiotherapy sensitivity estimation signature for BRCA, which should shed new light in clinical and experimental research.
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19
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He Q, Huang W, Liu D, Zhang T, Wang Y, Ji X, Xie M, Sun M, Tian D, Liu M, Xia L. Homeobox B5 promotes metastasis and poor prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, via FGFR4 and CXCL1 upregulation. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:5759-5777. [PMID: 33897880 PMCID: PMC8058721 DOI: 10.7150/thno.57659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Since metastasis remains the main reason for HCC-associated death, a better understanding of molecular mechanism underlying HCC metastasis is urgently needed. Here, we elucidated the role of Homeobox B5 (HOXB5), a member of the HOX transcriptional factor family, in promoting HCC metastasis. Method: The expression of HOXB5 and its functional targets fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to measure the transcriptional regulation of target genes by HOXB5. The effects of FGFR4 and CXCL1 on HOXB5-mediated metastasis were analyzed by an orthotopic metastasis model. Results: Elevated expression of HOXB5 had a positive correlation with poor tumour differentiation, higher TNM stage, and indicated unfavorable prognosis. Overexpression of HOXB5 promoted HCC metastasis through transactivating FGFR4 and CXCL1 expression, whereas knockdown of FGFR4 and CXCL1 decreased HOXB5-enhanced HCC metastasis. Moreover, HOXB5 overexpression in HCC cells promoted myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) infiltration through CXCL1/CXCR2 axis. Either depletion of MDSCs by anti-Gr1 or blocking CXCL1-CXCR2 axis by CXCR2 inhibitor impaired HOXB5-mediated HCC metastasis. In addition, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) contributed to the HOXB5 upregulation through PI3K/AKT/HIF1α pathway. Overexpression of FGF15 (an analog of FGF19 in mouse) promoted HCC metastasis, whereas knockdown of HOXB5 significantly inhibited FGF15-enhanced HCC metastasis in immunocompetent mice. HOXB5 expression was positively associated with CXCL1 expression and intratumoral MDSCs accumulation in human HCC tissues. Patients who co-expressed HOXB5/CXCL1 or HOXB5/CD11b exhibited the worst prognosis. Furthermore, the combination of FGFR4 inhibitor BLU-554 and CXCR2 inhibitor SB265610 dramatically decreased HOXB5-mediated HCC metastasis. Conclusion: HOXB5 was a potential prognostic biomarker in HCC patients and targeting this loop may provide a promising treatment strategy for the inhibition of HOXB5-mediated HCC metastasis.
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20
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Baietti MF, Zhao P, Crowther J, Sewduth RN, De Troyer L, Debiec-Rychter M, Sablina AA. Loss of 9p21 Regulatory Hub Promotes Kidney Cancer Progression by Upregulating HOXB13. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:979-990. [PMID: 33619226 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Loss of chromosome 9p21 is observed in one-thirds of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and is associated with poorer patient survival. Unexpectedly, 9p21 LOH does not lead to decreased expression of the 9p21 tumor suppressor genes, CDKN2A and CDKN2B, suggesting alternative mechanisms of 9p-mediated tumorigenesis. Concordantly, CRISPR-mediated 9p21 deletion promotes growth of immortalized human embryonic kidney epithelial cells independently of the CDKN2A/B pathway inactivation. The 9p21 locus has a highly accessible chromatin structure, suggesting that 9p21 loss might contribute to kidney cancer progression by dysregulating genes distal to the 9p21 locus. We identified several 9p21 regulatory hubs by assessing which of the 9p21-interacting genes are dysregulated in 9p21-deleted kidney cells and ccRCCs. By focusing on the analysis of the homeobox gene 13 (HOXB13) locus, we found that 9p21 loss relieves the HOXB13 locus, decreasing HOXB13 methylation and promoting its expression. Upregulation of HOXB13 facilitates cell growth and is associated with poorer survival of patients with ccRCC. IMPLICATIONS: The results of our study propose a novel tumor suppressive mechanism on the basis of coordinated expression of physically associated genes, providing a better understanding of the role of chromosomal deletions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Francesca Baietti
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium. .,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peihua Zhao
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Crowther
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raj Nayan Sewduth
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Linde De Troyer
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Debiec-Rychter
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna A Sablina
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium. .,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Abstract
Knowledge of the role of HOX proteins in cancer has been steadily accumulating in the last 25 years. They are encoded by 39 HOX genes arranged in 4 distinct clusters, and have unique and redundant function in all types of cancers. Many HOX genes behave as oncogenic transcriptional factors regulating multiple pathways that are critical to malignant progression in a variety of tumors. Some HOX proteins have dual roles that are tumor-site specific, displaying both oncogenic and tumor suppressor function. The focus of this review is on how HOX proteins contribute to growth or suppression of metastasis. The review will cover HOX protein function in the critical aspects of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, in cancer stem cell sustenance and in therapy resistance, manifested as distant metastasis. The emerging role of adiposity in both initiation and progression of metastasis is described. Defining the role of HOX genes in the metastatic process has identified candidates for targeted cancer therapies that may combat the metastatic process. We will discuss potential therapeutic opportunities, particularly in pathways influenced by HOX proteins.
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22
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Nakashoji A, Hayashida T, Yamaguchi S, Kawai Y, Kikuchi M, Yokoe T, Nagayama A, Seki T, Takahashi M, Kitagawa Y. Comprehensive analysis of the homeobox family genes in breast cancer demonstrates their similar roles in cancer and development. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 186:353-361. [PMID: 33459920 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-06087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The homeobox (HOX) family consists of 39 genes whose expressions are tightly controlled and coordinated within the family, during development. We performed a comprehensive analysis of this gene family in cancer settings. METHODS Gene correlation analysis was performed using breast cancer data available in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and data from the patients admitted to our hospital. We also analyzed the data of normal breast tissue (GSE20437). We next collected gene expression and prognosis data of breast cancer patients (GSE11121, GSE7390, GSE3494, and GSE2990) and performed unsupervised hierarchal clustering by the HOX gene expression pattern and compared prognosis. We additionally performed this analysis to leukemia (available in TCGA) and sarcoma (GSE20196) data. RESULTS Gene correlation analysis showed that the proximal HOX genes exhibit strong interactions and are expressed together in breast cancer, similar to the expression observed during development. However, in normal breast tissue, less interactions were observed. Breast cancer microarray meta-data classified by the HOX gene expression pattern predicted the prognosis of luminal B breast cancer patients (p = 0.016). Leukemia (p = 0.00016) and sarcoma (p = 0.018) presented similar results. The Wnt signaling pathway, one of the major upstream signals of HOX genes in development, was activated in the poor prognostic group. Interestingly, poor prognostic cancer presented stronger correlation in the gene family compared to favorable prognostic cancer. CONCLUSION Comprehensive analysis of the HOX family demonstrated their similar roles in cancer and development, and indicated that the strong interaction of HOX genes might be specific to malignancies, especially in the case of poor prognostic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Nakashoji
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Tetsu Hayashida
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan.
| | - Shigeo Yamaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Yuko Kawai
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Takamichi Yokoe
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Aiko Nagayama
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Tomoko Seki
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Maiko Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0016, Japan
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23
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Xu M, Huang S, Dong X, Chen Y, Li M, Shi W, Wang G, Huang C, Wang Q, Liu Y, Sun P, Yang S, Xiang R, Chang A. A novel isoform of ATOH8 promotes the metastasis of breast cancer by regulating RhoC. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 13:59-71. [PMID: 33049034 PMCID: PMC8035989 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjaa050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastases are the main cause of cancer-related mortality in breast cancer. Although significant progress has been made in the field of tumor metastasis, the exact molecular mechanisms involved in tumor metastasis are still unclear. Here, we report that ATOH8-V1, a novel isoform of ATOH8, is highly expressed in breast cancer and is a negative prognostic indicator of survival for patients. Forced expression of ATOH8-V1 dramatically enhances, while silencing of ATOH8-V1 decreases the metastasis of breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, ATOH8-V1 directly binds to the RhoC promoter and stimulates the expression of RhoC, which in turn enhances the metastasis of breast cancer. Altogether, our data demonstrate that ATOH8-V1 is a novel pro-metastatic factor that enhances cancer metastasis, suggesting that ATOH8-V1 is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Xu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shan Huang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,International Collaborative Innovation Center of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Miao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wen Shi
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guanwen Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chongbiao Huang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,International Collaborative Innovation Center of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Peiqing Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Shuang Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,International Collaborative Innovation Center of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Antao Chang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,International Collaborative Innovation Center of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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24
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Pai P, Sukumar S. HOX genes and the NF-κB pathway: A convergence of developmental biology, inflammation and cancer biology. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188450. [PMID: 33049277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The roles of HOX transcription factors as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and the NF-KB pathway in chronic inflammation, both leading to cancer are well-established. HOX transcription factors are members of an evolutionarily conserved family of proteins required for anteroposterior body axis patterning during embryonic development, and are often dysregulated in cancer. The NF-KB pathway aids inflammation and immunity but it is also important during embryonic development. It is frequently activated in both solid and hematological malignancies. NF-KB and HOX proteins can influence each other through mutual transcriptional regulation, protein-protein interactions, and regulation of upstream and downstream interactors. These interactions have important implications both in homeostasis and in disease. In this review, we summarize the role of HOX proteins in regulating inflammation in homeostasis and disease- with a particular emphasis on cancer. We also describe the relationship between HOX genes and the NF-KB pathway, and discuss potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Pai
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Saraswati Sukumar
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
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25
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Kim EH, Cao D, Mahajan NP, Andriole GL, Mahajan K. ACK1-AR and AR-HOXB13 signaling axes: epigenetic regulation of lethal prostate cancers. NAR Cancer 2020; 2:zcaa018. [PMID: 32885168 PMCID: PMC7454006 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcaa018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a critical transcription factor in prostate cancer (PC) pathogenesis. Its activity in malignant cells is dependent on interactions with a diverse set of co-regulators. These interactions fluctuate depending on androgen availability. For example, the androgen depletion increases the dependence of castration-resistant PCs (CRPCs) on the ACK1 and HOXB13 cell survival pathways. Activated ACK1, an oncogenic tyrosine kinase, phosphorylates cytosolic and nuclear proteins, thereby avoiding the inhibitory growth consequences of androgen depletion. Notably, ACK1-mediated phosphorylation of histone H4, which leads to epigenetic upregulation of AR expression, has emerged as a critical mechanism of CRPC resistance to anti-androgens. This resistance can be targeted using the ACK1-selective small-molecule kinase inhibitor (R)- 9b. CRPCs also deploy the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain protein BRD4 to epigenetically increase HOXB13 gene expression, which in turn activates the MYC target genes AURKA/AURKB. HOXB13 also facilitates ligand-independent recruitment of the AR splice variant AR-V7 to chromatin, compensating for the loss of the chromatin remodeling protein, CHD1, and restricting expression of the mitosis control gene HSPB8. These studies highlight the crosstalk between AR-ACK1 and AR-HOXB13 pathways as key mediators of CRPC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric H Kim
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dengfeng Cao
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nupam P Mahajan
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gerald L Andriole
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kiran Mahajan
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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26
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Bondos SE, Geraldo Mendes G, Jons A. Context-dependent HOX transcription factor function in health and disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 174:225-262. [PMID: 32828467 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During animal development, HOX transcription factors determine the fate of developing tissues to generate diverse organs and appendages. The power of these proteins is striking: mis-expressing a HOX protein causes homeotic transformation of one body part into another. During development, HOX proteins interpret their cellular context through protein interactions, alternative splicing, and post-translational modifications to regulate cell proliferation, cell death, cell migration, cell differentiation, and angiogenesis. Although mutation and/or mis-expression of HOX proteins during development can be lethal, changes in HOX proteins that do not pattern vital organs can result in survivable malformations. In adults, mutation and/or mis-expression of HOX proteins disrupts their gene regulatory networks, deregulating cell behaviors and leading to arthritis and cancer. On the molecular level, HOX proteins are composed of DNA binding homeodomain, and large regions of unstructured, or intrinsically disordered, protein sequence. The primary roles of HOX proteins in arthritis and cancer suggest that mutations associated with these diseases in both the structured and disordered regions of HOX proteins can have substantial functional effects. These insights lead to new questions critical for understanding and manipulating HOX function in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Bondos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.
| | - Gabriela Geraldo Mendes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Amanda Jons
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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27
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Liu J, Prager-van der Smissen WJC, Collée JM, Bolla MK, Wang Q, Michailidou K, Dennis J, Ahearn TU, Aittomäki K, Ambrosone CB, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Antonenkova NN, Arndt V, Arnold N, Aronson KJ, Augustinsson A, Auvinen P, Becher H, Beckmann MW, Behrens S, Bermisheva M, Bernstein L, Bogdanova NV, Bogdanova-Markov N, Bojesen SE, Brauch H, Brenner H, Briceno I, Brucker SY, Brüning T, Burwinkel B, Cai Q, Cai H, Campa D, Canzian F, Castelao JE, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Choi JY, Christiaens M, Clarke CL, Couch FJ, Czene K, Daly MB, Devilee P, Dos-Santos-Silva I, Dwek M, Eccles DM, Eliassen AH, Fasching PA, Figueroa J, Flyger H, Fritschi L, Gago-Dominguez M, Gapstur SM, García-Closas M, García-Sáenz JA, Gaudet MM, Giles GG, Goldberg MS, Goldgar DE, Guénel P, Haiman CA, Håkansson N, Hall P, Harrington PA, Hart SN, Hartman M, Hillemanns P, Hopper JL, Hou MF, Hunter DJ, Huo D, Ito H, Iwasaki M, Jakimovska M, Jakubowska A, John EM, Kaaks R, Kang D, Keeman R, Khusnutdinova E, Kim SW, Kraft P, Kristensen VN, Kurian AW, Le Marchand L, Li J, Lindblom A, Lophatananon A, Luben RN, Lubiński J, Mannermaa A, Manoochehri M, Manoukian S, Margolin S, Mariapun S, Matsuo K, Maurer T, Mavroudis D, Meindl A, Menon U, Milne RL, Muir K, Mulligan AM, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Offit K, Olopade OI, Olson JE, Olsson H, Orr N, Park SK, Peterlongo P, Peto J, Plaseska-Karanfilska D, Presneau N, Rack B, Rau-Murthy R, Rennert G, Rennert HS, Rhenius V, Romero A, Ruebner M, Saloustros E, Schmutzler RK, Schneeweiss A, Scott C, Shah M, Shen CY, Shu XO, Simard J, Sohn C, Southey MC, Spinelli JJ, Tamimi RM, Tapper WJ, Teo SH, Terry MB, Torres D, Truong T, Untch M, Vachon CM, van Asperen CJ, Wolk A, Yamaji T, Zheng W, Ziogas A, Ziv E, Torres-Mejía G, Dörk T, Swerdlow AJ, Hamann U, Schmidt MK, Dunning AM, Pharoah PDP, Easton DF, Hooning MJ, Martens JWM, Hollestelle A. Germline HOXB13 mutations p.G84E and p.R217C do not confer an increased breast cancer risk. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9688. [PMID: 32546843 PMCID: PMC7297796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In breast cancer, high levels of homeobox protein Hox-B13 (HOXB13) have been associated with disease progression of ER-positive breast cancer patients and resistance to tamoxifen treatment. Since HOXB13 p.G84E is a prostate cancer risk allele, we evaluated the association between HOXB13 germline mutations and breast cancer risk in a previous study consisting of 3,270 familial non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer cases and 2,327 controls from the Netherlands. Although both recurrent HOXB13 mutations p.G84E and p.R217C were not associated with breast cancer risk, the risk estimation for p.R217C was not very precise. To provide more conclusive evidence regarding the role of HOXB13 in breast cancer susceptibility, we here evaluated the association between HOXB13 mutations and increased breast cancer risk within 81 studies of the international Breast Cancer Association Consortium containing 68,521 invasive breast cancer patients and 54,865 controls. Both HOXB13 p.G84E and p.R217C did not associate with the development of breast cancer in European women, neither in the overall analysis (OR = 1.035, 95% CI = 0.859-1.246, P = 0.718 and OR = 0.798, 95% CI = 0.482-1.322, P = 0.381 respectively), nor in specific high-risk subgroups or breast cancer subtypes. Thus, although involved in breast cancer progression, HOXB13 is not a material breast cancer susceptibility gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - J Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas U Ahearn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Natalia N Antonenkova
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kristan J Aronson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, and Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Annelie Augustinsson
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Päivi Auvinen
- Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oncology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heiko Becher
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center ER-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine Behrens
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Bermisheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Leslie Bernstein
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Natalia V Bogdanova
- N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- iFIT-Cluster of Excellence, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ignacio Briceno
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
- Medical Faculty, Universidad de La Sabana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Sara Y Brucker
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University Womens Clinic Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniele Campa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jose E Castelao
- Oncology and Genetics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-SERGAS, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Melissa Christiaens
- Leuven Multidisciplinary Breast Center, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine L Clarke
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mary B Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Miriam Dwek
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Diana M Eccles
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center ER-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jonine Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Henrik Flyger
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Lin Fritschi
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - José A García-Sáenz
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Cancer & Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia A Harrington
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven N Hart
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - David J Hunter
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Milena Jakimovska
- Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 'Georgi D. Efremov', MASA, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Renske Keeman
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Daerim Saint Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Allison W Kurian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jingmei Li
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Artitaya Lophatananon
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Robert N Luben
- Clinical Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mehdi Manoochehri
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tabea Maurer
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Mavroudis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Munich, Campus Großhadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Usha Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Janet E Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nick Orr
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Ireland, UK
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Genome Diagnostics Program, IFOM - the FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Julian Peto
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
- Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 'Georgi D. Efremov', MASA, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Nadege Presneau
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Brigitte Rack
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rohini Rau-Murthy
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hedy S Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Valerie Rhenius
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Atocha Romero
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthias Ruebner
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University Womens Clinic Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher Scott
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Christof Sohn
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John J Spinelli
- Population Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Soo H Teo
- Breast Cancer Research Programme, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana Torres
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thérèse Truong
- Cancer & Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Michael Untch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Helios Clinics Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Celine M Vachon
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christi J van Asperen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elad Ziv
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gabriela Torres-Mejía
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anthony J Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maartje J Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antoinette Hollestelle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Adato O, Orenstein Y, Kopolovic J, Juven-Gershon T, Unger R. Quantitative Analysis of Differential Expression of HOX Genes in Multiple Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1572. [PMID: 32545894 PMCID: PMC7352544 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors encoded by Homeobox (HOX) genes play numerous key functions during early embryonic development and differentiation. Multiple reports have shown that mis-regulation of HOX gene expression plays key roles in the development of cancers. Their expression levels in cancers tend to differ based on tissue and tumor type. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis comparing HOX gene expression in different cancer types, obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), with matched healthy tissues, obtained from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx). We identified and quantified differential expression patterns that confirmed previously identified expression changes and highlighted new differential expression signatures. We discovered differential expression patterns that are in line with patient survival data. This comprehensive and quantitative analysis provides a global picture of HOX genes' differential expression patterns in different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orit Adato
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel;
| | - Yaron Orenstein
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel;
| | - Juri Kopolovic
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
| | - Tamar Juven-Gershon
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel;
| | - Ron Unger
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel;
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de Bessa Garcia SA, Araújo M, Pereira T, Mouta J, Freitas R. HOX genes function in Breast Cancer development. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188358. [PMID: 32147544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer develops in the mammary glands during mammalian adulthood and is considered the second most common type of human carcinoma and the most incident and mortal in the female population. In contrast to other human structures, the female mammary glands continue to develop after birth, undergoing various modifications during pregnancy, lactation and involution under the regulation of hormones and transcription factors, including those encoded by the HOX clusters (A, B, C, and D). Interestingly, HOX gene deregulation is often associated to breast cancer development. Within the HOXB cluster, 8 out of the 10 genes present altered expression levels in breast cancer with an impact in its aggressiveness and resistance to hormone therapy, which highlights the importance of HOXB genes as potential therapeutic targets used to overcome the limitations of tamoxifen-resistant cancer treatments. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the role of HOX genes in breast cancer, specially focus on HOXB, discussing the causes and consequences of HOXB gene deregulation and their relevance as prognostic factors and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Aparecida de Bessa Garcia
- IBMC- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, I3S- Institute for Innovation and Health Research, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Araújo
- IBMC- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, I3S- Institute for Innovation and Health Research, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Pereira
- IBMC- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, I3S- Institute for Innovation and Health Research, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - João Mouta
- IBMC- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, I3S- Institute for Innovation and Health Research, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Freitas
- IBMC- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, I3S- Institute for Innovation and Health Research, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.; ICBAS- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal..
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The Nuclear Protein HOXB13 Enhances Methylmercury Toxicity by Inducing Oncostatin M and Promoting Its Binding to TNFR3 in Cultured Cells. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010045. [PMID: 31878059 PMCID: PMC7017003 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeobox protein B13 (HOXB13), a transcription factor, is related to methylmercury toxicity; however, the downstream factors involved in enhancing methylmercury toxicity remain unknown. We performed microarray analysis to search for downstream factors whose expression is induced by methylmercury via HOXB13 in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293), which are useful model cells for analyzing molecular mechanisms. Methylmercury induced the expression of oncostatin M (OSM), a cytokine of the interleukin-6 family, and this was markedly suppressed by HOXB13 knockdown. OSM knockdown also conferred resistance to methylmercury in HEK293 cells, and no added methylmercury resistance was observed when both HOXB13 and OSM were knocked down. Binding of HOXB13 to the OSM gene promoter was increased by methylmercury, indicating the involvement of HOXB13 in the enhancement of its toxicity. Because addition of recombinant OSM to the medium enhanced methylmercury toxicity in OSM-knockdown cells, extracellularly released OSM was believed to enhance methylmercury toxicity via membrane receptors. We discovered tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF) receptor 3 (TNFR3) to be a potential candidate involved in the enhancement of methylmercury toxicity by OSM. This toxicity mechanism was also confirmed in mouse neuronal stem cells. We report, for the first time, that HOXB13 is involved in enhancement of methylmercury toxicity via OSM-expression induction and that the synthesized OSM causes cell death by binding to TNFR3 extracellularly.
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Yu M, Zhan J, Zhang H. HOX family transcription factors: Related signaling pathways and post-translational modifications in cancer. Cell Signal 2019; 66:109469. [PMID: 31733300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
HOX family transcription factors belong to a highly conserved subgroup of the homeobox superfamily that determines cellular fates in embryonic morphogenesis and the maintenance of adult tissue architecture. HOX family transcription factors play key roles in numerous cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, and angiogenesis. As tumor promoters or suppressors HOX family members have been reported to be closely related with a variety of cancers. They closely regulate tumor initiation and growth, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, anti-cancer drug resistance and stem cell origin. Here, we firstly described the pivotal roles of HOX transcription factors in tumorigenesis. Then, we summarized the main signaling pathways regulated by HOX transcription factors, including Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor β, mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, and nuclear factor-κB signalings. Finally, we outlined the important post-translational modifications of HOX transcription factors and their regulation in cancers. Future research directions on the HOX transcription factors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China.
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Zhou T, Fu H, Dong B, Dai L, Yang Y, Yan W, Shen L. HOXB7 mediates cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through involvement of DNA damage repair. Thorac Cancer 2019; 11:3071-3085. [PMID: 31568655 PMCID: PMC7606015 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA damage repair is an important mechanism of platinum resistance. HOXB7 is one member of HOX family genes, which are essential developmental regulators and frequently dysregulated in cancer. Recently, its relevance in chemotherapy resistance and DNA damage repair has also been addressed. However, little is known regarding the association between HOXB7 and chemotherapy resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods The association between HOXB7 expression detected by immunohistochemisty and tumor regression grade (TRG) and long‐term survival was analyzed in 143 ESCC patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CCK8 assay was used to examine the effect of cisplatin in a panel of four ESCC cell lines. A stable cell strain with HOXB7 knockdown of KYSE150 and KYSE450 was established to explore the effect on cisplatin sensitivity. The interaction of HOXB7 with Ku70, Ku80 and DNA‐PKcs was determined by GST‐pull down, coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent colocalization. Finally, we investigated whether disrupting HOXB7 function by a synthetic peptide HXR9 blocking the formation of HOXB7/PBX could enhance cisplatin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Results High expression of HOXB7 was associated with cisplatin resistance and worse chemotherapy efficacy. HOXB7 knockdown reinforced cisplatin sensitivity. It was identified that HOXB7 interacts with Ku70, Ku80 and DNA‐PKcs. HOXB7 knockdown was related to the downregulation of Ku70, Ku80 and DNA‐PKcs as well as arrested cell cycle in S phase. HOXB7 inhibition by HXR9 had a synergistic effect to improve cisplatin sensitivity. Conclusion HOXB7 may be a biomarker for the prediction of chemoresistance of ESCC and serves as a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yongbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wanpu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Luyan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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Issa AR, Picao-Osorio J, Rito N, Chiappe ME, Alonso CR. A Single MicroRNA-Hox Gene Module Controls Equivalent Movements in Biomechanically Distinct Forms of Drosophila. Curr Biol 2019; 29:2665-2675.e4. [PMID: 31327720 PMCID: PMC6710004 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Movement is the main output of the nervous system. It emerges during development to become a highly coordinated physiological process essential to survival and adaptation of the organism to the environment. Similar movements can be observed in morphologically distinct developmental stages of an organism, but it is currently unclear whether or not these movements have a common molecular cellular basis. Here we explore this problem in Drosophila, focusing on the roles played by the microRNA (miRNA) locus miR-iab4/8, which we previously showed to be essential for the normal corrective response displayed by the fruit fly larva when turned upside down (self-righting). Our study shows that miR-iab4 is required for normal self-righting across all three Drosophila larval stages. Unexpectedly, we also discover that this miRNA is essential for normal self-righting behavior in the adult fly, an organism with different morphology, neural constitution, and biomechanics. Through the combination of gene expression, optical imaging, and quantitative behavioral approaches, we provide evidence that miR-iab4 exerts its effects on adult self-righting behavior in part through repression of the Hox gene Ultrabithorax (Ubx) in a specific set of adult motor neurons, the NB2-3/lin15 neurons. Our results show that miRNA controls the function, rather than the morphology, of these neurons and demonstrate that post-developmental changes in Hox gene expression can modulate behavior in the adult. Our work reveals that a common miRNA-Hox genetic module can be re-deployed in different neurons to control functionally equivalent movements in biomechanically distinct organisms and describes a novel post-developmental role of the Hox genes in adult neural function. The fruit fly miRNA gene miR-iab4 controls the same behavior in the larva and adult miR-iab4 exerts its behavioral roles via repression of the Hox gene Ultrabithorax miRNA/Hox inputs affect the physiology and not the anatomy of specific motor neurons Conditional expression shows a novel role of the Hox genes in adult neural function
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raouf Issa
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Biology Road, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - João Picao-Osorio
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Biology Road, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Nuno Rito
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Brasília Avenue, Doca de Pedrouços, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Eugenia Chiappe
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Brasília Avenue, Doca de Pedrouços, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Claudio R Alonso
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Biology Road, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK.
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Liang Y, Song X, Li Y, Ma T, Su P, Guo R, Chen B, Zhang H, Sang Y, Liu Y, Duan Y, Zhang N, Li X, Zhao W, Wang L, Yang Q. Targeting the circBMPR2/miR-553/USP4 Axis as a Potent Therapeutic Approach for Breast Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:347-361. [PMID: 31302495 PMCID: PMC6626870 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have crucial roles in various processes, including cancer development and progression. However, the functional roles of circRNAs in breast cancer remain to be elucidated. In this study, we identified a novel circRNA (named circBMPR2) whose expression was lower in breast cancer tissues with metastasis. Moreover, circBMPR2 expression was negatively associated with the motility of breast cancer cells and significantly downregulated in human breast cancer tissues. Functionally, we found that circBMPR2 knockdown effectively enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, circBMPR2 knockdown promoted tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer cells through inhibiting tamoxifen-induced apoptosis, whereas circBMPR2 overexpression led to decreased tamoxifen resistance. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that circBMPR2 could abundantly sponge miR-553 and that miR-553 overexpression could attenuate the inhibitory effects caused by circBMPR2 overexpression. We also found that ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4) was a direct target of miR-553, which functions as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer. Our findings demonstrated that circBMPR2 might function as a miR-553 sponge and then relieve the suppression of USP4 to inhibit the progression and tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer. Targeting this newly identified circRNA may help us to develop potential novel therapies for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojin Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Yaming Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Su
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Renbo Guo
- Department of Urology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Yuting Sang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Duan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
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Paralogous HOX13 Genes in Human Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050699. [PMID: 31137568 PMCID: PMC6562813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hox genes (HOX in humans), an evolutionary preserved gene family, are key determinants of embryonic development and cell memory gene program. Hox genes are organized in four clusters on four chromosomal loci aligned in 13 paralogous groups based on sequence homology (Hox gene network). During development Hox genes are transcribed, according to the rule of “spatio-temporal collinearity”, with early regulators of anterior body regions located at the 3’ end of each Hox cluster and the later regulators of posterior body regions placed at the distal 5’ end. The onset of 3’ Hox gene activation is determined by Wingless-type MMTV integration site family (Wnt) signaling, whereas 5’ Hox activation is due to paralogous group 13 genes, which act as posterior-inhibitors of more anterior Hox proteins (posterior prevalence). Deregulation of HOX genes is associated with developmental abnormalities and different human diseases. Paralogous HOX13 genes (HOX A13, HOX B13, HOX C13 and HOX D13) also play a relevant role in tumor development and progression. In this review, we will discuss the role of paralogous HOX13 genes regarding their regulatory mechanisms during carcinogenesis and tumor progression and their use as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Wang X, Sun Y, Xu T, Qian K, Huang B, Zhang K, Song Z, Qian T, Shi J, Li L. HOXB13 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma through transcriptional upregulation of lncRNA HOXC-AS3. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15527-15537. [PMID: 31062400 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
HOXB13 exerts a close relation in several human cancers. This study explored the role of HOXB13 in glioblastoma (GBM), a brain tissue with the highest aggressive rate and mortality in adults. Through microarray and immunohistochemistry analyses, HOXB13 was highly expressed in GBM tissues. Furthermore, we showed that high-level expression of HOXB13 in GBM was associated with worse survival, suggesting that HOXB13 could be a prognostic marker for patients with GBM. GBM cells U87 and U251 overexpressing HOXB13 showed enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion relative to the control cells, while knockdown of HOXB13 led to decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. In addition, dual-luciferase report assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction data showed that HOXB13 directly bound to HOXC-AS3 promoter. HOXC-AS3 was involved in HOXB13-induced proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBM cells. In summary, this study revealed the prognostic potential of HOXB13 in GBM. We believed that HOXB13/HOXC-AS3 signaling axis can be served as therapeutic targets for this highly aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tuoye Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baosheng Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Huangshan City People's Hospital, Huangshan, Anhui, China
| | - Zewu Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tengda Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lixin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zhan J, Wang P, Li S, Song J, He H, Wang Y, Liu Z, Wang F, Bai H, Fang W, Du Q, Ye M, Chang Z, Wang J, Zhang H. HOXB13 networking with ABCG1/EZH2/Slug mediates metastasis and confers resistance to cisplatin in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2084-2099. [PMID: 31037158 PMCID: PMC6485289 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Distant metastasis and chemoresistance are the major causes of short survival after initial chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma patients. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Our pilot study identified high expression of the homeodomain transcription factor HOXB13 in chemoresistant lung adenocarcinomas. We aimed to investigate the role of HOXB13 in mediating lung adenocarcinoma chemoresistance. Methods: Immunohistochemistry assays were employed to assess HOXB13 protein levels in 148 non-small cell lung cancer patients. The role of HOXB13 in lung adenocarcinoma progression and resistance to cisplatin therapy was analyzed in cells, xenografted mice, and patient-derived xenografts. Needle biopsies from 15 lung adenocarcinoma patients who were resistant to cisplatin and paclitaxel therapies were analyzed for HOXB13 and EZH2 protein levels using immunohistochemistry. Results: High expression of HOXB13 observed in 17.8% of the lung adenocarcinoma patients in this study promoted cancer progression and predicted poor prognosis. HOXB13 upregulated an array of metastasis- and drug-resistance-related genes, including ABCG1, EZH2, and Slug, by directly binding to their promoters. Cisplatin induced HOXB13 expression in lung adenocarcinoma cells, and patient-derived xenografts and depletion of ABCG1 enhanced the sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma cells to cisplatin therapy. Our results suggest that determining the combined expression of HOXB13 and its target genes can predict patient outcomes. Conclusions: A cisplatin-HOXB13-ABCG1/EZH2/Slug network may account for a novel mechanism underlying cisplatin resistance and metastasis after chemotherapy. Determining the levels of HOXB13 and its target genes from needle biopsy specimens may help predict the sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma patients to platinum-based chemotherapy and patient outcomes.
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Yang S, Lee JY, Hur H, Oh JH, Kim MH. Up-regulation of HOXB cluster genes are epigenetically regulated in tamoxifen-resistant MCF7 breast cancer cells. BMB Rep 2018; 51:450-455. [PMID: 29804556 PMCID: PMC6177504 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.9.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is commonly used to treat estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Despite the remarkable benefits, resistance to TAM presents a serious therapeutic challenge. Since several HOX transcription factors have been proposed as strong candidates in the development of resistance to TAM therapy in breast cancer, we generated an in vitro model of acquired TAM resistance using ER-positive MCF7 breast cancer cells (MCF7-TAMR), and analyzed the expression pattern and epigenetic states of HOX genes. HOXB cluster genes were uniquely up-regulated in MCF7-TAMR cells. Survival analysis of in slico data showed the correlation of high expression of HOXB genes with poor response to TAM in ER-positive breast cancer patients treated with TAM. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that the overexpression of multi HOXB genes in MCF7 renders cancer cells more resistant to TAM, whereas the knockdown restores TAM sensitivity. Furthermore, activation of HOXB genes in MCF7-TAMR was associated with histone modifications, particularly the gain of H3K9ac. These findings imply that the activation of HOXB genes mediate the development of TAM resistance, and represent a target for development of new strategies to prevent or reverse TAM resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyeon Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology Laboratory, and 2Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology Laboratory, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Ho Hur
- Department of Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang 10444, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Oh
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology Laboratory, and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Myoung Hee Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology Laboratory, and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Huang M, Wang Y. Roles of Small GTPases in Acquired Tamoxifen Resistance in MCF-7 Cells Revealed by Targeted, Quantitative Proteomic Analysis. Anal Chem 2018; 90:14551-14560. [PMID: 30431262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Development of tamoxifen resistance remains a tremendous challenge for the treatment of estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Small GTPases of the Ras superfamily play crucial roles in intracellular trafficking and cell signaling, and aberrant small-GTPase signaling is implicated in many types of cancer. In this study, we employed a targeted, quantitative proteomic approach that relies on stable-isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC), gel fractionation, and scheduled multiple-reaction-monitoring (MRM) analysis, to assess the differential expression of small GTPases in MCF-7 and the paired tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. The method displayed superior sensitivity and reproducibility over the shotgun-proteomic approach, and it facilitated the quantification of 96 small GTPases. Among them, 13 and 10 proteins were significantly down- and up-regulated (with >1.5-fold change), respectively, in the tamoxifen-resistant line relative to in the parental line. In particular, we observed a significant down-regulation of RAB31 in tamoxifen-resistant cells, which, in combination with bioinformatic analysis and downstream validation experiments, supported a role for RAB31 in tamoxifen resistance in ER-positive breast-cancer cells. Together, our results demonstrated that the targeted proteomic method constituted a powerful approach for revealing the role of small GTPases in therapeutic resistance.
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40
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Nerlakanti N, Yao J, Nguyen DT, Patel AK, Eroshkin AM, Lawrence HR, Ayaz M, Kuenzi BM, Agarwal N, Chen Y, Gunawan S, Karim RM, Berndt N, Puskas J, Magliocco AM, Coppola D, Dhillon J, Zhang J, Shymalagovindarajan S, Rix U, Kim Y, Perera R, Lawrence NJ, Schonbrunn E, Mahajan K. Targeting the BRD4-HOXB13 Coregulated Transcriptional Networks with Bromodomain-Kinase Inhibitors to Suppress Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2796-2810. [PMID: 30242092 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to androgen receptor (AR) antagonists is a significant problem in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPC). Identification of the mechanisms by which CRPCs evade androgen deprivation therapies (ADT) is critical to develop novel therapeutics. We uncovered that CRPCs rely on BRD4-HOXB13 epigenetic reprogramming for androgen-independent cell proliferation. Mechanistically, BRD4, a member of the BET bromodomain family, epigenetically promotes HOXB13 expression. Consistently, genetic disruption of HOXB13 or pharmacological suppression of its mRNA and protein expression by the novel dual-activity BET bromodomain-kinase inhibitors directly correlates with rapid induction of apoptosis, potent inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and cell migration, and suppression of CRPC growth. Integrative analysis revealed that the BRD4-HOXB13 transcriptome comprises a proliferative gene network implicated in cell-cycle progression, nucleotide metabolism, and chromatin assembly. Notably, although the core HOXB13 target genes responsive to BET inhibitors (HOTBIN10) are overexpressed in metastatic cases, in ADT-treated CRPC cell lines and patient-derived circulating tumor cells (CTC) they are insensitive to AR depletion or blockade. Among the HOTBIN10 genes, AURKB and MELK expression correlates with HOXB13 expression in CTCs of mCRPC patients who did not respond to abiraterone (ABR), suggesting that AURKB inhibitors could be used additionally against high-risk HOXB13-positive metastatic prostate cancers. Combined, our study demonstrates that BRD4-HOXB13-HOTBIN10 regulatory circuit maintains the malignant state of CRPCs and identifies a core proproliferative network driving ADT resistance that is targetable with potent dual-activity bromodomain-kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niveditha Nerlakanti
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jiqiang Yao
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Duy T Nguyen
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ami K Patel
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Alexey M Eroshkin
- Bioinformatics Core, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Harshani R Lawrence
- Chemical Biology Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Chemical Biology Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Brent M Kuenzi
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Neha Agarwal
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Yunyun Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Steven Gunawan
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Rezaul M Karim
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Norbert Berndt
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - John Puskas
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Domenico Coppola
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jasreman Dhillon
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Uwe Rix
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ranjan Perera
- Analytical Genomics and Bioinformatics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
| | - Nicholas J Lawrence
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ernst Schonbrunn
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kiran Mahajan
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida. .,Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
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Ray K, Ujvari B, Ramana V, Donald J. Cross-talk between EGFR and IL-6 drives oncogenic signaling and offers therapeutic opportunities in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 41:18-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lou Y, Fallah Y, Yamane K, Berg PE. BP1, a potential biomarker for breast cancer prognosis. Biomark Med 2018; 12:535-545. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeobox genes are critical in tumor development. An isoform protein of DLX4 called BP1 is expressed in 80% of invasive ductal breast carcinomas. BP1 overexpression is implicated in an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. BP1 upregulation is associated with estrogen receptor negativity so those tumors do not respond to antiestrogens. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. BP1 could serve as both a novel prognostic biomarker for breast cancer and a therapeutic target. In this review, we address the role of BP1 protein in tumorigenesis of breast cancer and four other malignancies. A number of functions of BP1 in cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxian Lou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Yassi Fallah
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Kellie Yamane
- NantOmics, Diagnostic Center in Montgomery County, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Patricia E Berg
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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Tan C, Hu W, He Y, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Xu Y, Tang J. Cytokine-mediated therapeutic resistance in breast cancer. Cytokine 2018; 108:151-159. [PMID: 29609137 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic resistance leading to tumor relapse is a major challenge in breast cancer (BCa) treatment. Numerous factors involved in multiple mechanisms promote the development of tumor chemo/radio-resistance. Cytokines/chemokines are important inflammatory factors and highly related to tumorigenesis, metastasis and tumors responses to treatment. A large number of studies have demonstrated that the network of cytokines activates multiple cell signaling pathways to promote tumor cell survival, proliferation, invasion, and migration. Particularly in BCa, cytokines-enhanced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process plays a pivotal role in the progression of metastatic phenotypes and resistance to the traditional chemo/radio-therapy. Virtually, therapeutic resistance is not entirely determined by tumor cell intrinsic characteristics but also dependent upon synchronized effects by numerous of local microenvironmental factors. Emerging evidence highlighted that exosomes secreted from various types of cells promote intercellular communication by transferring bioactive molecules including miRNAs and cytokines, suggesting that exosomes are essential for sustentation of tumor progression and therapeutic resistance within the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which cytokines promote therapeutic resistance of BCa and suggest a potential approach for improving BCa therapeutics by inhibition of exosome function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Tan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, PR China; School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Weizi Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, PR China; School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yunjie He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Guangqin Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yong Xu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, PR China.
| | - Jinhai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
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Expression signatures of HOX cluster genes in cervical cancer pathogenesis: Impact of human papillomavirus type 16 oncoprotein E7. Oncotarget 2018; 8:36591-36602. [PMID: 28402266 PMCID: PMC5482679 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Homeobox (HOX) genes encode important transcription factors showing deregulated expression in several cancers. However, their role in cervical cancer pathogenesis, remains largely unexplored. Herein, we studied their association with Human Papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) mediated cervical cancers. Our previously published gene expression microarray data revealed a significant alteration of 12 out of 39 HOX cluster members among cervical cancer cases, in comparison to the histopathologically normal controls. Of these, we validated seven (HOXA10, HOXA13, HOXB13, HOXC8, HOXC9, HOXC11 and HOXD10) by quantitative real-time PCR. We identified decreased HOXA10 expression as opposed to the increased expression of the rest. Such decrease was independent of the integration status of HPV16 genome, but correlated negatively with E7 expression in clinical samples, that was confirmed in vitro. HOXA10 and HOXB13 revealed association with Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). While HOXA10 expression correlated positively with E-Cadherin and negatively with Vimentin expression, HOXB13 showed the reverse trend. Chromatin immunoprecipitation study in vitro revealed the ability of E7 to increase HOX gene expression by epigenetic regulation, affecting the H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 status of their promoters, resulting from a loss of PRC2-LSD1 complex activity. Thus, besides identifying the deregulated expression of HOX cluster members in HPV16 positive cervical cancer and their association with EMT, our study highlighted the mechanism of HPV16 E7-mediated epigenetic regulation of HOX genes in such cancers, potentially serving as bedrock for functional studies in the future.
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Liu B, Wang T, Wang H, Zhang L, Xu F, Fang R, Li L, Cai X, Wu Y, Zhang W, Ye L. Oncoprotein HBXIP enhances HOXB13 acetylation and co-activates HOXB13 to confer tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:26. [PMID: 29471853 PMCID: PMC5824486 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance to tamoxifen (TAM) frequently occurs in the treatment of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. Accumulating evidences indicate that transcription factor HOXB13 is of great significance in TAM resistance. However, the regulation of HOXB13 in TAM-resistant breast cancer remains largely unexplored. Here, we were interested in the potential effect of HBXIP, an oncoprotein involved in the acceleration of cancer progression, on the modulation of HOXB13 in TAM resistance of breast cancer. Methods The Kaplan-Meier plotter cancer database and GEO dataset were used to analyze the association between HBXIP expression and relapse-free survival. The correlation of HBXIP and HOXB13 in ER+ breast cancer was assessed by human tissue microarray. Immunoblotting analysis, qRT-PCR assay, immunofluorescence staining, Co-IP assay, ChIP assay, luciferase reporter gene assay, cell viability assay, and colony formation assay were performed to explore the possible molecular mechanism by which HBXIP modulates HOXB13. Cell viability assay, xenograft assay, and immunohistochemistry staining analysis were utilized to evaluate the effect of the HBXIP/HOXB13 axis on the facilitation of TAM resistance in vitro and in vivo. Results The analysis of the Kaplan-Meier plotter and the GEO dataset showed that mono-TAM-treated breast cancer patients with higher HBXIP expression levels had shorter relapse-free survivals than patients with lower HBXIP expression levels. Overexpression of HBXIP induced TAM resistance in ER+ breast cancer cells. The tissue microarray analysis revealed a positive association between the expression levels of HBXIP and HOXB13 in ER+ breast cancer patients. HBXIP elevated HOXB13 protein level in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, HBXIP prevented chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA)-dependent degradation of HOXB13 via enhancement of HOXB13 acetylation at the lysine 277 residue, causing the accumulation of HOXB13. Moreover, HBXIP was able to act as a co-activator of HOXB13 to stimulate interleukin (IL)-6 transcription in the promotion of TAM resistance. Interestingly, aspirin (ASA) suppressed the HBXIP/HOXB13 axis by decreasing HBXIP expression, overcoming TAM resistance in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Our study highlights that HBXIP enhances HOXB13 acetylation to prevent HOXB13 degradation and co-activates HOXB13 in the promotion of TAM resistance of breast cancer. Therapeutically, ASA can serve as a potential candidate for reversing TAM resistance by inhibiting HBXIP expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-018-0577-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Huawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Runping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lihong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
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Liu S, Lei H, Luo F, Li Y, Xie L. The effect of lncRNA HOTAIR on chemoresistance of ovarian cancer through regulation of HOXA7. Biol Chem 2018; 399:485-497. [PMID: 29455183 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2017-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the biological functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) in resistant ovarian cancer cells, exploring the regulation effect of HOTAIR on HOXA7, and investigating their influence on the chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied for the verification of HOTAIR expression in resistant and sensitive groups. How HOTAIR downregulation affected cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and apoptosis were determined using the MTT assay and the colony formation assay, the Transwell assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to inspect the protein expression of HOXA7 in resistant and sensitive ovarian cancer tissues. The regulation relationship between HOTAIR and HOXA7 was investigated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The effect of HOTAIR and HOXA7 on tumor growth was confirmed by the tumor xenograft model of nude mice. By knocking down HOXA7, HOTAIR downregulation restrained the ovarian cancer deterioration in functional experiments. Silencing of HOTAIR and HOXA7 could effectively inhibit tumor growth and increase chemosensitivity of ovarian tumors in nude mice. Downregulation of HOTAIR negatively affected the survival and activity of resistant ovarian cancer cells, and suppressed the expression of HOXA7. Silencing of HOTAIR and HOXA7 could increase the chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer cells, thus suppressing tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital , No. 32 Yihuan Road , Chengdu 610072, Sichuan , China
| | - Huajiang Lei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital , No. 32 Yihuan Road , Chengdu 610072, Sichuan , China
| | - Fangyuan Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital , No. 32 Yihuan Road , Chengdu 610072, Sichuan , China
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital , No. 32 Yihuan Road , Chengdu 610072, Sichuan , China
| | - Lan Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital , No. 32 Yihuan Road , Chengdu 610072, Sichuan , China
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von Heyking K, Roth L, Ertl M, Schmidt O, Calzada-Wack J, Neff F, Lawlor ER, Burdach S, Richter GH. The posterior HOXD locus: Its contribution to phenotype and malignancy of Ewing sarcoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41767-41780. [PMID: 27363011 PMCID: PMC5173095 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microarray analysis revealed genes of the posterior HOXD locus normally involved in bone formation to be over-expressed in primary Ewing sarcoma (ES). The expression of posterior HOXD genes was not influenced via ES pathognomonic EWS/ETS translocations. However, knock down of the dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 2 (DKK2) resulted in a significant suppression of HOXD10, HOXD11 and HOXD13 while over-expression of DKK2 and stimulation with factors of the WNT signaling pathway such as WNT3a, WNT5a or WNT11 increased their expression. RNA interference demonstrated that individual HOXD genes promoted chondrogenic differentiation potential, and enhanced expression of the bone-associated gene RUNX2. Furthermore, HOXD genes increased the level of the osteoblast- and osteoclast-specific genes, osteocalcin (BGLAP) and platelet-derived growth factor beta polypeptide (PDGFB), and may further regulate endochondral bone development via induction of parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH). Additionally, HOXD11 and HOXD13 promoted contact independent growth of ES, while in vitro invasiveness of ES lines was enhanced by all 3 HOXD genes investigated and seemed mediated via matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1). Consequently, knock down of HOXD11 or HOXD13 significantly suppressed lung metastasis in a xeno-transplant model in immune deficient mice, providing overall evidence that posterior HOXD genes promote clonogenicity and metastatic potential of ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina von Heyking
- Laboratory for Functional Genomics and Transplantation Biology, Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCCM), and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Roth
- Laboratory for Functional Genomics and Transplantation Biology, Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCCM), and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Ertl
- Laboratory for Functional Genomics and Transplantation Biology, Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCCM), and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
| | - Oxana Schmidt
- Laboratory for Functional Genomics and Transplantation Biology, Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCCM), and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Calzada-Wack
- Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Frauke Neff
- Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth R Lawlor
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Stefan Burdach
- Laboratory for Functional Genomics and Transplantation Biology, Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCCM), and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
| | - Guenther Hs Richter
- Laboratory for Functional Genomics and Transplantation Biology, Children's Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCCM), and German Translational Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
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Heo TH, Wahler J, Suh N. Potential therapeutic implications of IL-6/IL-6R/gp130-targeting agents in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15460-73. [PMID: 26840088 PMCID: PMC4941253 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine with known multiple functions in immune regulation, inflammation, and oncogenesis. Binding of IL-6 to the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) induces homodimerization and recruitment of glycoprotein 130 (gp130), which leads to activation of downstream signaling. Emerging evidence suggests that high levels of IL-6 are correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. IL-6 appears to play a critical role in the growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells, renewal of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), and drug resistance of BCSCs, making anti-IL-6/IL-6R/gp130 therapies promising options for the treatment and prevention of breast cancers. However, preclinical and clinical studies of the applications of anti-IL-6/IL-6R/gp130 therapy in breast cancers are limited. In this review, we summarize the structures, preclinical and clinical studies, mechanisms of action of chemical and biological blockers that directly bind to IL-6, IL-6R, or gp130, and the potential clinical applications of these pharmacological agents as breast cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hwe Heo
- NP512, Laboratory of Pharmacoimmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph Wahler
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Nanjoo Suh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Kamkar F, Xaymardan M, Asli NS. Hox-Mediated Spatial and Temporal Coding of Stem Cells in Homeostasis and Neoplasia. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 25:1282-9. [PMID: 27462829 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hox genes are fundamental components of embryonic patterning and morphogenesis with expression persisting into adulthood. They are also implicated in the development of diseases, particularly neoplastic transformations. The tight spatio-temporal regulation of Hox genes in concordance with embryonic patterning is an outstanding feature of these genes. In this review we have systematically analyzed Hox functions within the stem/progenitor cell compartments and asked whether their temporo-spatial topography is retained within the stem cell domain throughout development and adulthood. In brief, evidence support involvement of Hox genes at several levels along the stem cell hierarchy, including positional identity, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation. There is also strong evidence to suggest a role for Hox genes during neoplasia. Although fundamental questions are yet to be addressed through more targeted and high- throughput approaches, existing evidence suggests a central role for Hox genes within a continuum along the developmental axes persisting into adult homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Kamkar
- 1 Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ontario, Canada
| | - Munira Xaymardan
- 2 Discipline of Life Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney , Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
| | - Naisana S Asli
- 2 Discipline of Life Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney , Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
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Shen LY, Fan MY, Dong B, Yan WP, Chen KN. Increased HOXC6 expression predicts chemotherapy sensitivity in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4835-4840. [PMID: 29085488 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of homeobox C6 (HOXC6) predicts poor prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and promotes ESCC cell proliferation. Additionally, the expression of HOXC6 was upregulated in chemosensitive ESCC cell lines. Therefore, it was hypothesized that HOXC6 may be associated with chemosensitivity of ESCC. Patients with ESCC who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery by a single-surgeon team between January 2000 and December 2012 were enrolled in the present study. Pretreatment biopsy specimens and postoperative resection samples were collected. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine HOXC6 expression, and the association between HOXC6 expression and tumor regression grade (TRG) was analyzed. In cell lines exhibiting stable knockdown of HOXC6, Cell Counting Kit-8 assays were used to evaluate the chemosensitivity of cells to various concentrations of cisplatin and paclitaxel. A total of 51 pretreatment biopsy specimens were assessed, and patients with increased expression of HOXC6 in pretreatment biopsy specimens exhibited higher TRGs. A total of 186 surgical samples were evaluated; HOXC6 was expressed at a decreased level in patients with higher TRG and at a high level in patients with lower TRG. In addition, downregulation of HOXC6 decreased the sensitivity of ESCC cell lines to cisplatin and paclitaxel, resulting in an increased half-maximal inhibitory concentration. Increased expression of HOXC6 prior to treatment was associated with chemosensitivity in ESCC tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yan Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Ying Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Pu Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Neng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
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