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Yuan X, Liu X, Li H, Peng S, Huang H, Yu Z, Chen L, Liu X, Bai J. pH-Triggered Transformable Peptide Nanocarriers Extend Drug Retention for Breast Cancer Combination Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400031. [PMID: 38588449 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Increasing the penetration and accumulation of antitumor drugs at the tumor site are crucial in chemotherapy. Smaller drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) typically exhibit increased tumor penetration and more effective permeation through the nuclear membrane, whereas larger drug-loaded NPs show extended retention at the tumor site. In addition, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have unlimited proliferative potential and are crucial for the onset, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Therefore, a drug-loaded amphiphilic peptide, DDP- and ATRA-loaded Pep1 (DA/Pep1), is designed that self-assembles into spherical NPs upon the encapsulation of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). In an acidic environment, DA/Pep1 transforms into aggregates containing sheet-like structures, which significantly increases drug accumulation at the tumor site, thereby increasing antitumor effects and inhibiting metastasis. Moreover, although DDP treatment can increase the number of CSCs present, ATRA can induce the differentiation of CSCs in breast cancer to increase the therapeutic effect of DDP. In conclusion, this peptide nanodelivery system that transforms in response to the acidic tumor microenvironment is an extremely promising nanoplatform that suggests a new idea for the combined treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Yuan
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Li
- School of Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
| | - Shan Peng
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
| | - Haiqin Huang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Yu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
| | - Limei Chen
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
| | - Xinlu Liu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
| | - Jingkun Bai
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China
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Peng Y, Zhang P, Mei W, Zeng C. Exploring FGFR signaling inhibition as a promising approach in breast cancer treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131524. [PMID: 38608977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
As our grasp of cancer genomics deepens, we are steadily progressing towards the domain of precision medicine, where targeted therapy stands out as a revolutionary breakthrough in the landscape of cancer therapeutics. The fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) pathway has been unveiled as a fundamental instigator in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying breast carcinoma, paving the way for the exhilarating development of precision-targeted therapeutics. In the pursuit of exploring inhibitors that specifically target the FGFR signaling pathways, a multitude of kinase inhibitors targeting FGFR has been assiduously engineered to address the heterogeneous landscape of human malignancies. This review offers an exhaustive exploration of aberrations within the FGFR pathway and their functional implications in breast cancer. Additionally, we delve into cutting-edge therapeutic approaches for the treatment of breast cancer patients bearing FGFR alterations and the management of toxicity associated with FGFR inhibitors. Furthermore, our contemplation of the evolution of cutting-edge FGFR inhibitors foresees their potential to spearhead innovative therapeutic approaches in the ongoing combat against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Peng
- Department of Obstetrics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Wuxuan Mei
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Changchun Zeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China; Department of General Medicine, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China.
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3
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Cao J, Zhang Z, Zhou L, Luo M, Li L, Li B, Nice EC, He W, Zheng S, Huang C. Oncofetal reprogramming in tumor development and progression: novel insights into cancer therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e427. [PMID: 38045829 PMCID: PMC10693315 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that cancer cells can mimic characteristics of embryonic development, promoting their development and progression. Cancer cells share features with embryonic development, characterized by robust proliferation and differentiation regulated by signaling pathways such as Wnt, Notch, hedgehog, and Hippo signaling. In certain phase, these cells also mimic embryonic diapause and fertilized egg implantation to evade treatments or immune elimination and promote metastasis. Additionally, the upregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, including multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer-resistant protein (BCRP), in drug-resistant cancer cells, analogous to their role in placental development, may facilitate chemotherapy efflux, further resulting in treatment resistance. In this review, we concentrate on the underlying mechanisms that contribute to tumor development and progression from the perspective of embryonic development, encompassing the dysregulation of developmental signaling pathways, the emergence of dormant cancer cells, immune microenvironment remodeling, and the hyperactivation of ABC transporters. Furthermore, we synthesize and emphasize the connections between cancer hallmarks and embryonic development, offering novel insights for the development of innovative cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjun Cao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseasethe First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Department of Infectious Diseasesthe Second Affiliated HospitalInstitute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Maochao Luo
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lei Li
- Department of anorectal surgeryHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Bowen Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of TraumaBurn and Combined InjuryInstitute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Hainan Cancer Medical Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, the Hainan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major DiseasesHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of EducationHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Canhua Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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4
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Bapat AS, O'Connor CH, Schwertfeger KL. Targeting the NF-κB pathway enhances responsiveness of mammary tumors to JAK inhibitors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5349. [PMID: 37005447 PMCID: PMC10067805 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment are critical for tumor growth, progression, and response to therapy. Effective targeting of oncogenic signaling pathways in tumors requires an understanding of how these therapies impact both tumor cells and cells within the tumor microenvironment. One such pathway is the janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator or transcription (STAT) pathway, which is activated in both breast cancer cells and in tumor associated macrophages. This study demonstrates that exposure of macrophages to JAK inhibitors leads to activation of NF-κB signaling, which results in increased expression of genes known to be associated with therapeutic resistance. Furthermore, inhibition of the NF-κB pathway improves the ability of ruxolitinib to reduce mammary tumor growth in vivo. Thus, the impact of the tumor microenvironment is an important consideration in studying breast cancer and understanding such mechanisms of resistance is critical to development of effective targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi S Bapat
- Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Christine H O'Connor
- University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Mahapatra S, Jonniya NA, Koirala S, Ursal KD, Kar P. The FGF/FGFR signalling mediated anti-cancer drug resistance and therapeutic intervention. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13509-13533. [PMID: 36995019 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2191721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) ligands and their receptors are crucial factors driving chemoresistance in several malignancies, challenging the efficacy of currently available anti-cancer drugs. The Fibroblast growth factor/receptor (FGF/FGFR) signalling malfunctions in tumor cells, resulting in a range of molecular pathways that may impact its drug effectiveness. Deregulation of cell signalling is critical since it can enhance tumor growth and metastasis. Overexpression and mutation of FGF/FGFR induce regulatory changes in the signalling pathways. Chromosomal translocation facilitating FGFR fusion production aggravates drug resistance. Apoptosis is inhibited by FGFR-activated signalling pathways, reducing multiple anti-cancer medications' destructive impacts. Angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are facilitated by FGFRs-dependent signalling, which correlates with drug resistance and enhances metastasis. Further, lysosome-mediated drug sequestration is another prominent method of resistance. Inhibition of FGF/FGFR by following a plethora of therapeutic approaches such as covalent and multitarget inhibitors, ligand traps, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant FGFs, combination therapy, and targeting lysosomes and micro RNAs would be helpful. As a result, FGF/FGFR suppression treatment options are evolving nowadays. To increase positive impacts, the processes underpinning the FGF/FGFR axis' role in developing drug resistance need to be clarified, emphasizing the need for more studies to develop novel therapeutic options to address this significant problem. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasmita Mahapatra
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nisha Amarnath Jonniya
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Suman Koirala
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kapil Dattatray Ursal
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Parimal Kar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Ruan R, Li L, Li X, Huang C, Zhang Z, Zhong H, Zeng S, Shi Q, Xia Y, Zeng Q, Wen Q, Chen J, Dai X, Xiong J, Xiang X, Lei W, Deng J. Unleashing the potential of combining FGFR inhibitor and immune checkpoint blockade for FGF/FGFR signaling in tumor microenvironment. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:60. [PMID: 36966334 PMCID: PMC10039534 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) play a crucial role in cell fate and angiogenesis, with dysregulation of the signaling axis driving tumorigenesis. Therefore, many studies have targeted FGF/FGFR signaling for cancer therapy and several FGFR inhibitors have promising results in different tumors but treatment efficiency may still be improved. The clinical use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has resulted in sustained remission for patients. MAIN: Although there is limited data linking FGFR inhibitors and immunotherapy, preclinical research suggest that FGF/FGFR signaling is involved in regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) including immune cells, vasculogenesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This raises the possibility that ICB in combination with FGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (FGFR-TKIs) may be feasible for treatment option for patients with dysregulated FGF/FGFR signaling. CONCLUSION Here, we review the role of FGF/FGFR signaling in TME regulation and the potential mechanisms of FGFR-TKI in combination with ICB. In addition, we review clinical data surrounding ICB alone or in combination with FGFR-TKI for the treatment of FGFR-dysregulated tumors, highlighting that FGFR inhibitors may sensitize the response to ICB by impacting various stages of the "cancer-immune cycle".
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwen Ruan
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Chunye Huang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Zhanmin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Hongguang Zhong
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Shaocheng Zeng
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qianqian Shi
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qinru Zeng
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qin Wen
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Wan Lei
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for lndividualized Cancer Therapy, 17 YongwaiStreet, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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Shang S, Liu J, Hua F. Protein acylation: mechanisms, biological functions and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:396. [PMID: 36577755 PMCID: PMC9797573 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is involved in the pathogenesis of not only cancers but also neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases. With the progress of metabonomics and proteomics, metabolites have been found to affect protein acylations through providing acyl groups or changing the activities of acyltransferases or deacylases. Reciprocally, protein acylation is involved in key cellular processes relevant to physiology and diseases, such as protein stability, protein subcellular localization, enzyme activity, transcriptional activity, protein-protein interactions and protein-DNA interactions. Herein, we summarize the functional diversity and mechanisms of eight kinds of nonhistone protein acylations in the physiological processes and progression of several diseases. We also highlight the recent progress in the development of inhibitors for acyltransferase, deacylase, and acylation reader proteins for their potential applications in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Shang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fang Hua
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P.R. China
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8
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Xie T, Du K, Liu W, Liu C, Wang B, Tian Y, Li R, Huang X, Lin J, Jian H, Zhang J, Yuan Y. LHX2 facilitates the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via activation of the FGF1/FGFR axis. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:1239-1253. [PMID: 35864158 PMCID: PMC9519904 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01902-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distant metastasis and recurrence remain the main obstacle to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treatment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying NPC growth and metastasis are poorly understood. METHODS LHX2 expression was examined in NPC cell lines and NPC tissues using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and Immunohistochemistry assay. NPC cells overexpressing or silencing LHX2 were used to perform CCK-8 assay, colony-formation assay, EdU assay, wound-healing and invasion assays in vitro. Xenograft tumour models and lung metastasis models were involved for the in vivo assays. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), ELISA assay, western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and Luciferase reporter assay were applied for the downstream target mechanism investigation. RESULTS LIM-homeodomain transcription factor 2 (LHX2) was upregulated in NPC tissues and cell lines. Elevated LHX2 was closely associated with poor survival in NPC patients. Ectopic LHX2 overexpression dramatically promoted the growth, migration and invasion of NPC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LHX2 transcriptionally increased the fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) expression, which in turn activated the phosphorylation of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), ERK1/2 (extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2) and AKT signalling pathways in an autocrine and paracrine manner, thereby promoting the growth and metastasis of NPC. Inhibition of FGF1 with siRNA or FGFR inhibitor blocked LHX2-induced nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell growth, migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies the LHX2-FGF1-FGFR axis plays a key role in NPC progression and provides a potential target for NPC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunpeng Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiyao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhong Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Jian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yawei Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Province, People's Republic of China.
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Choi BH, Ryoo I, Sim KH, Ahn HJ, Lee YJ, Kwak MK. High Levels of Hyaluronic Acid Synthase-2 Mediate NRF2-Driven Chemoresistance in Breast Cancer Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2022; 30:368-379. [PMID: 35768333 PMCID: PMC9252875 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), a ligand of CD44, accumulates in some types of tumors and is responsible for tumor progression. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2) regulates cytoprotective genes and drug transporters, which promotes therapy resistance in tumors. Previously, we showed that high levels of CD44 are associated with NRF2 activation in cancer stem like-cells. Herein, we demonstrate that HA production was increased in doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer MCF7 cells (MCF7-DR) via the upregulation of HA synthase-2 (HAS2). HA incubation increased NRF2, aldo-keto reductase 1C1 (AKR1C1), and multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) levels. Silencing of HAS2 or CD44 suppressed NRF2 signaling in MCF7-DR, which was accompanied by increased doxorubicin sensitivity. The treatment with a HAS2 inhibitor, 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), decreased NRF2, AKR1C1, and MDR1 levels in MCF7-DR. Subsequently, 4-MU treatment inhibited sphere formation and doxorubicin resistance in MCF7-DR. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data analysis across 32 types of tumors indicates the amplification of HAS2 gene is a common genetic alteration and is negatively correlated with the overall survival rate. In addition, high HAS2 mRNA levels are associated with increased NRF2 signaling and poor clinical outcome in breast cancer patients. Collectively, these indicate that HAS2 elevation contributes to chemoresistance and sphere formation capacity of drug-resistant MCF7 cells by activating CD44/NRF2 signaling, suggesting a potential benefit of HAS2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hyun Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Ingeun Ryoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Hwa Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Ju Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Department of Pharmacology and Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
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Pérez Piñero C, Giulianelli S, Lamb CA, Lanari C. New Insights in the Interaction of FGF/FGFR and Steroid Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6491899. [PMID: 34977930 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Luminal breast cancer (BrCa) has a favorable prognosis compared with other tumor subtypes. However, with time, tumors may evolve and lead to disease progression; thus, there is a great interest in unraveling the mechanisms that drive tumor metastasis and endocrine resistance. In this review, we focus on one of the many pathways that have been involved in tumor progression, the fibroblast growth factor/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) axis. We emphasize in data obtained from in vivo experimental models that we believe that in luminal BrCa, tumor growth relies in a crosstalk with the stromal tissue. We revisited the studies that illustrate the interaction between hormone receptors and FGFR. We also highlight the most frequent alterations found in BrCa cell lines and provide a short review on the trials that use FGFR inhibitors in combination with endocrine therapies. Analysis of these data suggests there are many players involved in this pathway that might be also targeted to decrease FGF signaling, in addition to specific FGFR inhibitors that may be exploited to increase their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Pérez Piñero
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IBYME CONICET, C1428ADN Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Giulianelli
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IBYME CONICET, C1428ADN Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos, IBIOMAR-CCT CENPAT-CONICET, U9120ACD Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Caroline A Lamb
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IBYME CONICET, C1428ADN Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Lanari
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, IBYME CONICET, C1428ADN Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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11
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Fong SS, Foo YY, Saw WS, Leo BF, Teo YY, Chung I, Goh BT, Misran M, Imae T, Chang CC, Chung LY, Kiew LV. Chitosan-Coated-PLGA Nanoparticles Enhance the Antitumor and Antimigration Activity of Stattic – A STAT3 Dimerization Blocker. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:137-150. [PMID: 35046650 PMCID: PMC8762521 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s337093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The use of nanocarriers to improve the delivery and efficacy of antimetastatic agents is less explored when compared to cytotoxic agents. This study reports the entrapment of an antimetastatic Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) dimerization blocker, Stattic (S) into a chitosan-coated-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (C-PLGA) nanocarrier and the improvement on the drug’s physicochemical, in vitro and in vivo antimetastatic properties post entrapment. Methods In vitro, physicochemical properties of the Stattic-entrapped C-PLGA nanoparticles (S@C-PLGA) and Stattic-entrapped PLGA nanoparticles (S@PLGA, control) in terms of size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, Stattic release in different medium and cytotoxicity were firstly evaluated. The in vitro antimigration properties of the nanoparticles on breast cancer cell lines were then studied by Scratch assay and Transwell assay. Study on the in vivo antitumor efficacy and antimetastatic properties of S@C-PLGA compared to Stattic were then performed on 4T1 tumor bearing mice. Results The S@C-PLGA nanoparticles (141.8 ± 2.3 nm) was hemocompatible and exhibited low Stattic release (12%) in plasma. S@C-PLGA also exhibited enhanced in vitro anti-cell migration potency (by >10-fold in MDA-MB-231 and 5-fold in 4T1 cells) and in vivo tumor growth suppression (by 33.6%) in 4T1 murine metastatic mammary tumor bearing mice when compared to that of the Stattic-treated group. Interestingly, the number of lung and liver metastatic foci was found to reduce by 50% and 56.6%, respectively, and the average size of the lung metastatic foci was reduced by 75.4% in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice treated with S@C-PLGA compared to Stattic-treated group (p < 0.001). Conclusion These findings suggest the usage of C-PLGA nanocarrier to improve the delivery and efficacy of antimetastatic agents, such as Stattic, in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Sally Fong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yiing Yee Foo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Wen Shang Saw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Bey Fen Leo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yin Yin Teo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Ivy Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Boon Tong Goh
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Center, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Misni Misran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Toyoko Imae
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDSB), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan-Malaysia Semiconductor and Biomedical Oversea Science and Technology Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
- Chia-Ching Chang Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, TaiwanTel +886-3-57131633 Email
| | - Lip Yong Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Lik Voon Kiew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Lik Voon Kiew Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, MalaysiaTel +603-79675720 Email
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12
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Allam A, Yakou M, Pang L, Ernst M, Huynh J. Exploiting the STAT3 Nexus in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts to Improve Cancer Therapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:767939. [PMID: 34858425 PMCID: PMC8632218 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.767939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of a heterogenous population of cells that exist alongside the extracellular matrix and soluble components. These components can shape an environment that is conducive to tumor growth and metastatic spread. It is well-established that stromal cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the TME play a pivotal role in creating and maintaining a growth-permissive environment for tumor cells. A growing body of work has uncovered that tumor cells recruit and educate CAFs to remodel the TME, however, the mechanisms by which this occurs remain incompletely understood. Recent studies suggest that the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key transcription factor that regulates the function of CAFs, and their crosstalk with tumor and immune cells within the TME. CAF-intrinsic STAT3 activity within the TME correlates with tumor progression, immune suppression and eventually the establishment of metastases. In this review, we will focus on the roles of STAT3 in regulating CAF function and their crosstalk with other cells constituting the TME and discuss the utility of targeting STAT3 within the TME for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Allam
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Marina Yakou
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Lokman Pang
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer Huynh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
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13
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Gao Y, Wang Y, Yu J, Guo R. FGF Exhibits an Important Biological Role on Regulating Cell Proliferation of Breast Cancer When it Transports Into The Cell Nuclei. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 80:311-320. [PMID: 34796419 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The endocrine system is closely related to the development of the breast cancer. Many studies have shown that FGF1 (Fibroblast growth factor-1) is involved the occurrence and development of the breast cancer. But up to now, the cellular behavior and characteristics of FGF1 in breast cancer have not been fully revealed. In the current study, breast cancer cell was used as an in vitro cell model to investigate FGF's cell property. The results showed that FGF1 internalized into cells in a time-dependent manner. Further study indicated that both clathrin-mediated and caveolin-mediated endocytic pathway are involved in the internalization of FGF/FGFR (Fibroblast growth factor receptor), and both clathrin-mediated endocytosis and caveolin-mediated endocytosis are involved in the process of FGF1's nuclear localization. Further study showed that Rab5 also plays an important role in the process of nuclear localization of FGF-1. In addition, we found that FGF1 and FGFR transported to the cell nuclei of breast cancer. Further experimental results indicated that the nuclear-localized FGF1 and/or FGFR is closely associated to cell proliferation of breast cancer cell. Taken together, the current work lays the foundation for exploring the relationship between nuclear-localized FGF1/FGFR and the occurrence and development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Tianjin First Central Hospital No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Yu
- Tianjin First Central Hospital No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rende Guo
- Tianjin First Central Hospital No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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14
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FGF/FGFR-Dependent Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Anti-Cancer Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225796. [PMID: 34830951 PMCID: PMC8616288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Deregulation of the FGF/FGFR axis is associated with many types of cancer and contributes to the development of chemoresistance, limiting the effectiveness of current treatment strategies. There are several mechanisms involved in this phenomenon, including cross-talks with other signaling pathways, avoidance of apoptosis, stimulation of angiogenesis, and initiation of EMT. Here, we provide an overview of current research and approaches focusing on targeting components of the FGFR/FGF signaling module to overcome drug resistance during anti-cancer therapy. Abstract Increased expression of both FGF proteins and their receptors observed in many cancers is often associated with the development of chemoresistance, limiting the effectiveness of currently used anti-cancer therapies. Malfunctioning of the FGF/FGFR axis in cancer cells generates a number of molecular mechanisms that may affect the sensitivity of tumors to the applied drugs. Of key importance is the deregulation of cell signaling, which can lead to increased cell proliferation, survival, and motility, and ultimately to malignancy. Signaling pathways activated by FGFRs inhibit apoptosis, reducing the cytotoxic effect of some anti-cancer drugs. FGFRs-dependent signaling may also initiate angiogenesis and EMT, which facilitates metastasis and also correlates with drug resistance. Therefore, treatment strategies based on FGF/FGFR inhibition (using receptor inhibitors, ligand traps, monoclonal antibodies, or microRNAs) appear to be extremely promising. However, this approach may lead to further development of resistance through acquisition of specific mutations, metabolism switching, and molecular cross-talks. This review brings together information on the mechanisms underlying the involvement of the FGF/FGFR axis in the generation of drug resistance in cancer and highlights the need for further research to overcome this serious problem with novel therapeutic strategies.
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15
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Jesser EA, Brady NJ, Huggins DN, Witschen PM, O'Connor CH, Schwertfeger KL. STAT5 is activated in macrophages by breast cancer cell-derived factors and regulates macrophage function in the tumor microenvironment. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:104. [PMID: 34743736 PMCID: PMC8573892 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01481-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In breast cancer, complex interactions between tumor cells and cells within the surrounding stroma, such as macrophages, are critical for tumor growth, progression, and therapeutic response. Recent studies have highlighted the complex nature and heterogeneous populations of macrophages associated with both tumor-promoting and tumor-inhibiting phenotypes. Defining the pathways that drive macrophage function is important for understanding their complex phenotypes within the tumor microenvironment. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) transcription factors, such as STAT5, are key regulators of immune cell function. The studies described here investigate the functional contributions of STAT5 to tumor-associated macrophage function in breast cancer. METHODS Initial studies were performed using a panel of human breast cancer and mouse mammary tumor cell lines to determine the ability of tumor cell-derived factors to induce STAT5 activation in macrophages. Further studies used these models to identify soluble factors that activate STAT5 in macrophages. To delineate STAT5-specific contributions to macrophage function, a conditional model of myeloid STAT5 deletion was used for in vitro, RNA-sequencing, and in vivo studies. The effects of STAT5 deletion in macrophages on tumor cell migration and metastasis were evaluated using in vitro co-culture migration assays and an in vivo tumor cell-macrophage co-injection model. RESULTS We demonstrate here that STAT5 is robustly activated in macrophages by tumor cell-derived factors and that GM-CSF is a key cytokine stimulating this pathway. The analysis of RNA-seq studies reveals that STAT5 promotes expression of immune stimulatory genes in macrophages and that loss of STAT5 in macrophages results in increased expression of tissue remodeling factors. Finally, we demonstrate that loss of STAT5 in macrophages promotes tumor cell migration in vitro and mammary tumor metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Breast cancer cells produce soluble factors, such as GM-CSF, that activate the STAT5 pathway in macrophages and drive expression of inflammatory factors. STAT5 deletion in myeloid cells enhances metastasis, suggesting that STAT5 activation in tumor-associated macrophages protects against tumor progression. Understanding mechanisms that drive macrophage function in the tumor microenvironment will ultimately lead to new approaches that suppress tumor-promoting functions while enhancing their anti-tumor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Jesser
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brady
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Danielle N Huggins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 6Th St SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Patrice M Witschen
- Comparative and Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Christine H O'Connor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 6Th St SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 6Th St SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
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16
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Tolg C, Messam BJA, McCarthy JB, Nelson AC, Turley EA. Hyaluronan Functions in Wound Repair That Are Captured to Fuel Breast Cancer Progression. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1551. [PMID: 34827550 PMCID: PMC8615562 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling from an actively remodeling extracellular matrix (ECM) has emerged as a critical factor in regulating both the repair of tissue injuries and the progression of diseases such as metastatic cancer. Hyaluronan (HA) is a major component of the ECM that normally functions in tissue injury to sequentially promote then suppress inflammation and fibrosis, a duality in which is featured, and regulated in, wound repair. These essential response-to-injury functions of HA in the microenvironment are hijacked by tumor cells for invasion and avoidance of immune detection. In this review, we first discuss the numerous size-dependent functions of HA and emphasize the multifunctional nature of two of its receptors (CD44 and RHAMM) in regulating the signaling duality of HA in excisional wound healing. This is followed by a discussion of how HA metabolism is de-regulated in malignant progression and how targeting HA might be used to better manage breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Tolg
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada;
| | - Britney Jodi-Ann Messam
- Department Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
| | - James Benjamin McCarthy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Andrew Cook Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Eva Ann Turley
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, Department Oncology, Biochemistry and Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
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17
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Bosch-Barrera J, Verdura S, Ruffinelli JC, Carcereny E, Sais E, Cuyàs E, Palmero R, Lopez-Bonet E, Hernández-Martínez A, Oliveras G, Buxó M, Izquierdo A, Morán T, Nadal E, Menendez JA. Silibinin Suppresses Tumor Cell-Intrinsic Resistance to Nintedanib and Enhances Its Clinical Activity in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4168. [PMID: 34439322 PMCID: PMC8394850 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-angiogenic agent nintedanib has been shown to prolong overall and progression-free survival in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who progress after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and second-line immunotherapy. Here, we explored the molecular basis and the clinical benefit of incorporating the STAT3 inhibitor silibinin-a flavonolignan extracted from milk thistle-into nintedanib-based schedules in advanced NSCLC. First, we assessed the nature of the tumoricidal interaction between nintedanib and silibinin and the underlying relevance of STAT3 activation in a panel of human NSCLC cell lines. NSCLC cells with poorer cytotoxic responses to nintedanib exhibited a persistent, nintedanib-unresponsive activated STAT3 state, and deactivation by co-treatment with silibinin promoted synergistic cytotoxicity. Second, we tested whether silibinin could impact the lysosomal sequestration of nintedanib, a lung cancer cell-intrinsic mechanism of nintedanib resistance. Silibinin partially, but significantly, reduced the massive lysosomal entrapment of nintedanib occurring in nintedanib-refractory NSCLC cells, augmenting the ability of nintedanib to reach its intracellular targets. Third, we conducted a retrospective, observational multicenter study to determine the efficacy of incorporating an oral nutraceutical product containing silibinin in patients with NSCLC receiving a nintedanib/docetaxel combination in second- and further-line settings (n = 59). Overall response rate, defined as the combined rates of complete and partial responses, was significantly higher in the study cohort receiving silibinin supplementation (55%) than in the control cohort (22%, p = 0.011). Silibinin therapy was associated with a significantly longer time to treatment failure in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 0.43, p = 0.013), despite the lack of overall survival benefit (hazard ratio 0.63, p = 0.190). Molecular mechanisms dictating the cancer cell-intrinsic responsiveness to nintedanib, such as STAT3 activation and lysosomal trapping, are amenable to pharmacological intervention with silibinin. A prospective, powered clinical trial is warranted to confirm the clinical relevance of these findings in patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Bosch-Barrera
- Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain; (E.S.); (A.H.-M.); (A.I.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 (Salt) Girona, Spain; (S.V.); (E.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Sara Verdura
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 (Salt) Girona, Spain; (S.V.); (E.C.); (M.B.)
| | - José Carlos Ruffinelli
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (J.C.R.); (R.P.); (E.N.)
| | - Enric Carcereny
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (E.C.); (T.M.)
- B-ARGO Group (Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology), Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Elia Sais
- Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain; (E.S.); (A.H.-M.); (A.I.)
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 (Salt) Girona, Spain; (S.V.); (E.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Ramon Palmero
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (J.C.R.); (R.P.); (E.N.)
| | - Eugeni Lopez-Bonet
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain; (E.L.-B.); (G.O.)
| | - Alejandro Hernández-Martínez
- Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain; (E.S.); (A.H.-M.); (A.I.)
| | - Gloria Oliveras
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain; (E.L.-B.); (G.O.)
| | - Maria Buxó
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 (Salt) Girona, Spain; (S.V.); (E.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Angel Izquierdo
- Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain; (E.S.); (A.H.-M.); (A.I.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Oncology Coordination Plan, Catalan Institute of Oncology-Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Teresa Morán
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (E.C.); (T.M.)
- B-ARGO Group (Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology), Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Ernest Nadal
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (J.C.R.); (R.P.); (E.N.)
| | - Javier A. Menendez
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 (Salt) Girona, Spain; (S.V.); (E.C.); (M.B.)
- Program against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism & Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, 17190 (Salt) Girona, Spain
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Halting the FGF/FGFR axis leads to antitumor activity in Waldenström macroglobulinemia by silencing MYD88. Blood 2021; 137:2495-2508. [PMID: 33197938 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The human fibroblast growth factor/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGF/FGFR) axis deregulation is largely involved in supporting the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies, including Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). WM is still an incurable disease, and patients succumb because of disease progression. Therefore, novel therapeutics designed to specifically target deregulated signaling pathways in WM are required. We aimed to investigate the role of FGF/FGFR system blockade in WM by using a pan-FGF trap molecule (NSC12). Wide-transcriptome profiling confirmed inhibition of FGFR signaling in NSC12-treated WM cells; unveiling a significant inhibition of MYD88 was also confirmed at the protein level. Importantly, the NSC12-dependent silencing of MYD88 was functionally active, as it led to inhibition of MYD88-driven pathways, such as BTK and SYK, as well as the MYD88-downstream target HCK. Of note, both canonical and noncanonical NF-κB cascades were downregulated in WM cells upon NSC12 treatment. Functional sequelae exerted by NSC12 in WM cells were studied, demonstrating significant inhibition of WM cell growth, induction of WM cell apoptosis, halting MAPK, JAK/STAT3, and PI3K-Akt pathways. Importantly, NSC12 exerted an anti-WM effect even in the presence of bone marrow microenvironment, both in vitro and in vivo. Our studies provide the evidence for using NSC12 as a specific FGF/FGFR system inhibitor, thus representing a novel therapeutic strategy in WM.
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Jin J, Li Y, Zhao Q, Chen Y, Fu S, Wu J. Coordinated regulation of immune contexture: crosstalk between STAT3 and immune cells during breast cancer progression. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:50. [PMID: 33957948 PMCID: PMC8101191 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cancer development have revealed the tumor microenvironment (TME) immune cells to functionally affect the development and progression of breast cancer. However, insufficient evidence of TME immune modulators limit the clinical application of immunotherapy for advanced and metastatic breast cancers. Intercellular STAT3 activation of immune cells plays a central role in breast cancer TME immunosuppression and distant metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that targeting STAT3 and/or in combination with radiotherapy may enhance anti-cancer immune responses and rescue the systemic immunologic microenvironment in breast cancer. Indeed, apart from its oncogenic role in tumor cells, the functions of STAT3 in TME of breast cancer involve multiple types of immunosuppression and is associated with tumor cell metastasis. In this review, we summarize the available information on the functions of STAT3-related immune cells in TME of breast cancer, as well as the specific upstream and downstream targets. Additionally, we provide insights about the potential immunosuppression mechanisms of each type of evaluated immune cells. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Center of Excellence for Molecular Imaging (CEMI), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaozhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - JingBo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Li R, Sun Y, Chen Z, Zheng M, Shan Y, Ying X, Weng M, Chen Z. The Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 (Fgf9) Participates in Palatogenesis by Promoting Palatal Growth and Elevation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:653040. [PMID: 33959039 PMCID: PMC8093392 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.653040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleft palate, a common global congenital malformation, occurs due to disturbances in palatal growth, elevation, contact, and fusion during palatogenesis. The Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) mutation has been discovered in humans with cleft lip and palate. Fgf9 is expressed in both the epithelium and mesenchyme, with temporospatial diversity during palatogenesis. However, the specific role of Fgf9 in palatogenesis has not been extensively discussed. Herein, we used Ddx4-Cre mice to generate an Fgf9–/– mouse model (with an Fgf9 exon 2 deletion) that exhibited a craniofacial syndrome involving a cleft palate and deficient mandibular size with 100% penetrance. A smaller palatal shelf size, delayed palatal elevation, and contact failure were investigated to be the intrinsic causes for cleft palate. Hyaluronic acid accumulation in the extracellular matrix (ECM) sharply decreased, while the cell density correspondingly increased in Fgf9–/– mice. Additionally, significant decreases in cell proliferation were discovered in not only the palatal epithelium and mesenchyme but also among cells in Meckel’s cartilage and around the mandibular bone in Fgf9–/– mice. Serial sections of embryonic heads dissected at embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5) were subjected to craniofacial morphometric measurement. This highlighted the reduced oral volume owing to abnormal tongue size and descent, and insufficient mandibular size, which disturbed palatal elevation in Fgf9–/– mice. These results indicate that Fgf9 facilitates palatal growth and timely elevation by regulating cell proliferation and hyaluronic acid accumulation. Moreover, Fgf9 ensures that the palatal elevation process has adequate space by influencing tongue descent, tongue morphology, and mandibular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruomei Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yidan Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengxi Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Resident, Department of General Dentistry, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mengting Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhua Shan
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyu Ying
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengjia Weng
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenqi Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Tolomeo M, Cascio A. The Multifaced Role of STAT3 in Cancer and Its Implication for Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020603. [PMID: 33435349 PMCID: PMC7826746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 is one of the most complex regulators of transcription. Constitutive activation of STAT3 has been reported in many types of tumors and depends on mechanisms such as hyperactivation of receptors for pro-oncogenic cytokines and growth factors, loss of negative regulation, and excessive cytokine stimulation. In contrast, somatic STAT3 mutations are less frequent in cancer. Several oncogenic targets of STAT3 have been recently identified such as c-myc, c-Jun, PLK-1, Pim1/2, Bcl-2, VEGF, bFGF, and Cten, and inhibitors of STAT3 have been developed for cancer prevention and treatment. However, despite the oncogenic role of STAT3 having been widely demonstrated, an increasing amount of data indicate that STAT3 functions are multifaced and not easy to classify. In fact, the specific cellular role of STAT3 seems to be determined by the integration of multiple signals, by the oncogenic environment, and by the alternative splicing into two distinct isoforms, STAT3α and STAT3β. On the basis of these different conditions, STAT3 can act both as a potent tumor promoter or tumor suppressor factor. This implies that the therapies based on STAT3 modulators should be performed considering the pleiotropic functions of this transcription factor and tailored to the specific tumor type.
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22
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Qiao J, Li M, Li N, Xu L, Huang G, Yu J. TIAM1 Upregulation Confers NVP-BEZ235 Resistance to Breast Cancer Cells Through FGFR/STAT3 Pathway. Biochem Genet 2020; 58:953-965. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-09982-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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23
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Wang X, Zhang X, Qiu C, Yang N. STAT3 Contributes to Radioresistance in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1120. [PMID: 32733808 PMCID: PMC7358404 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy has been used in the clinic for more than one century and it is recognized as one of the main methods in the treatment of malignant tumors. Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3 (STAT3) is reported to be upregulated in many tumor types, and it is believed to be involved in the tumorigenesis, development and malignant behaviors of tumors. Previous studies also found that STAT3 contributes to chemo-resistance of various tumor types. Recently, many studies reported that STAT3 is involved in the response of tumor cells to radiotherapy. But until now, the role of the STAT3 in radioresistance has not been systematically demonstrated. In this study, we will review the radioresistance induced by STAT3 and relative solutions will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
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24
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Wang Y, Chaffee TS, LaRue RS, Huggins DN, Witschen PM, Ibrahim AM, Nelson AC, Machado HL, Schwertfeger KL. Tissue-resident macrophages promote extracellular matrix homeostasis in the mammary gland stroma of nulliparous mice. eLife 2020; 9:e57438. [PMID: 32479261 PMCID: PMC7297528 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages in the mammary gland are found in close association with epithelial structures and within the adipose stroma, and are important for mammary gland development and tissue homeostasis. Macrophages have been linked to ductal development in the virgin mammary gland, but less is known regarding the effects of macrophages on the adipose stroma. Using transcriptional profiling and single-cell RNA sequencing approaches, we identify a distinct resident stromal macrophage subpopulation within the mouse nulliparous mammary gland that is characterized by the expression of Lyve-1, a receptor for the extracellular matrix (ECM) component hyaluronan. This subpopulation is enriched in genes associated with ECM remodeling and is specifically associated with hyaluronan-rich regions within the adipose stroma and fibrous capsule of the virgin mammary gland. Furthermore, macrophage depletion leads to enhanced accumulation of hyaluronan-associated ECM in the adipose-associated stroma, indicating that resident macrophages are important for maintaining homeostasis within the nulliparous mammary gland stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Thomas S Chaffee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Rebecca S LaRue
- University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Danielle N Huggins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Patrice M Witschen
- Comparative and Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Ayman M Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane School of MedicineNew OrleansUnited States
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo UniversityGizaEgypt
| | - Andrew C Nelson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Heather L Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane School of MedicineNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Center for Immunology, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
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25
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Wolk A, Hatipoglu D, Cutler A, Ali M, Bell L, Hua Qi J, Singh R, Batoki J, Karle L, Bonilha VL, Wessely O, Stoehr H, Hascall V, Anand-Apte B. Role of FGF and Hyaluronan in Choroidal Neovascularization in Sorsby Fundus Dystrophy. Cells 2020; 9:E608. [PMID: 32143276 PMCID: PMC7140456 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorsby's fundus dystrophy (SFD) is an inherited blinding disorder caused by mutations in the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) gene. The SFD pathology of macular degeneration with subretinal deposits and choroidal neovascularization (CNV) closely resembles that of the more common age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The objective of this study was to gain further insight into the molecular mechanism(s) by which mutant TIMP3 induces CNV. In this study we demonstrate that hyaluronan (HA), a large glycosaminoglycan, is elevated in the plasma and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid of patients with AMD. Mice carrying the S179C-TIMP3 mutation also showed increased plasma levels of HA as well as accumulation of HA around the RPE in the retina. Human RPE cells expressing the S179C-TIMP3 mutation accumulated HA apically, intracellularly and basally when cultured long-term compared with cells expressing wildtype TIMP3. We recently reported that RPE cells carrying the S179C-TIMP3 mutation have the propensity to induce angiogenesis via basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2). We now demonstrate that FGF-2 induces accumulation of HA in RPE cells. These results suggest that the TIMP3-MMP-FGF-2-HA axis may have an important role in the pathogenesis of CNV in SFD and possibly AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson Wolk
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Dilara Hatipoglu
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Alecia Cutler
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Mariya Ali
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Lestella Bell
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jian Hua Qi
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Rupesh Singh
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Julia Batoki
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Laura Karle
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Vera L. Bonilha
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Oliver Wessely
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Heidi Stoehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Vincent Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Bela Anand-Apte
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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26
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Kozlova N, Grossman JE, Iwanicki MP, Muranen T. The Interplay of the Extracellular Matrix and Stromal Cells as a Drug Target in Stroma-Rich Cancers. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:183-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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27
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Murugaiah V, Agostinis C, Varghese PM, Belmonte B, Vieni S, Alaql FA, Alrokayan SH, Khan HA, Kaur A, Roberts T, Madan T, Bulla R, Kishore U. Hyaluronic Acid Present in the Tumor Microenvironment Can Negate the Pro-apototic Effect of a Recombinant Fragment of Human Surfactant Protein D on Breast Cancer Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1171. [PMID: 32733438 PMCID: PMC7360846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human surfactant protein D (SP-D) belongs to the family of collectins that is composed of a characteristic amino-terminal collagenous region and a carboxy-terminal C-type lectin domain. Being present at the mucosal surfaces, SP-D acts as a potent innate immune molecule and offers protection against non-self and altered self, such as pathogens, allergens, and tumor. Here, we examined the effect of a recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rfhSP-D) on a range of breast cancer lines. Breast cancer has four molecular subtypes characterized by varied expressions of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors (HER2). The cell viability of HER2-overexpressing (SKBR3) and triple-positive (BT474) breast cancer cell lines [but not of a triple-negative cell line (BT20)] was reduced following rfhSP-D treatment at 24 h. Upregulation of p21/p27 cell cycle inhibitors and p53 phosphorylation (Ser15) in rfhSP-D-treated BT474 and SKBR3 cell lines signified G2/M cell cycle arrest. Cleaved caspases 9 and 3 were detected in rfhSP-D-treated BT474 and SKBR3 cells, suggesting an involvement of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. However, rfhSP-D-induced apoptosis was nullified in the presence of hyaluronic acid (HA) whose increased level in breast tumor microenvironment is associated with malignant tumor progression and invasion. rfhSP-D bound to solid-phase HA and promoted tumor cell proliferation. rfhSP-D-treated SKBR3 cells in the presence of HA showed decreased transcriptional levels of p53 when compared to cells treated with rfhSP-D only. Thus, HA appears to negate the anti-tumorigenic properties of rfhSP-D against HER2-overexpressing and triple-positive breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valarmathy Murugaiah
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Agostinis
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Praveen M. Varghese
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Human Pathology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Vieni
- Division of General and Oncological Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fanan A. Alaql
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Salman H. Alrokayan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haseeb A. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anuvinder Kaur
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Terry Roberts
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Taruna Madan
- Department of Innate Immunity, ICMR—National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Roberta Bulla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- *Correspondence: Roberta Bulla
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- Uday Kishore ;
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28
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Polak KL, Chernosky NM, Smigiel JM, Tamagno I, Jackson MW. Balancing STAT Activity as a Therapeutic Strategy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111716. [PMID: 31684144 PMCID: PMC6895889 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven by dysregulated IL-6 family member cytokine signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME), aberrant signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) and (STAT5) activation have been identified as key contributors to tumorigenesis. Following transformation, persistent STAT3 activation drives the emergence of mesenchymal/cancer-stem cell (CSC) properties, important determinants of metastatic potential and therapy failure. Moreover, STAT3 signaling within tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophils drives secretion of factors that facilitate metastasis and suppress immune cell function. Persistent STAT5 activation is responsible for cancer cell maintenance through suppression of apoptosis and tumor suppressor signaling. Furthermore, STAT5-mediated CD4+/CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been implicated in suppression of immunosurveillance. We discuss these roles for STAT3 and STAT5, and weigh the attractiveness of different modes of targeting each cancer therapy. Moreover, we discuss how anti-tumorigenic STATs, including STAT1 and STAT2, may be leveraged to suppress the pro-tumorigenic functions of STAT3/STAT5 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey L Polak
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Noah M Chernosky
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Jacob M Smigiel
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Ilaria Tamagno
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Mark W Jackson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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29
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Hyaluronic acid-functionalized gelatin hydrogels reveal extracellular matrix signals temper the efficacy of erlotinib against patient-derived glioblastoma specimens. Biomaterials 2019; 219:119371. [PMID: 31352310 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic options to treat primary glioblastoma (GBM) tumors are scarce. GBM tumors with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, in particular a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant, have extremely poor clinical outcomes. GBM tumors with concurrent EGFR amplification and active phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) are sensitive to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib, but the effect is not durable. A persistent challenge to improved treatment is the poorly understood role of cellular, metabolic, and biophysical signals from the GBM tumor microenvironment on therapeutic efficacy and acquired resistance. The intractable nature of studying GBM cell in vivo motivates tissue engineering approaches to replicate aspects of the complex GBM tumor microenvironment. Here, we profile the effect of erlotinib on two patient-derived GBM specimens: EGFR + GBM12 and EGFRvIII GBM6. We use a three-dimensional gelatin hydrogel to present brain-mimetic hyaluronic acid (HA) and evaluate the coordinated influence of extracellular matrix signals and EGFR mutation status on GBM cell migration, survival and proliferation, as well as signaling pathway activation in response to cyclic erlotinib exposure. Comparable to results observed in vivo for xenograft tumors, erlotinib exposure is not cytotoxic for GBM6 EGFRvIII specimens. We also identify a role of extracellular HA (via CD44) in altering the effect of erlotinib in GBM EGFR + cells by modifying STAT3 phosphorylation status. Taken together, we report an in vitro tissue engineered platform to monitor signaling associated with poor response to targeted inhibitors in GBM.
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30
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Irey EA, Lassiter CM, Brady NJ, Chuntova P, Wang Y, Knutson TP, Henzler C, Chaffee TS, Vogel RI, Nelson AC, Farrar MA, Schwertfeger KL. JAK/STAT inhibition in macrophages promotes therapeutic resistance by inducing expression of protumorigenic factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:12442-12451. [PMID: 31147469 PMCID: PMC7056941 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1816410116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages contribute to tumor progression and therapeutic resistance in breast cancer. Within the tumor microenvironment, tumor-derived factors activate pathways that modulate macrophage function. Using in vitro and in vivo models, we find that tumor-derived factors induce activation of the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway in macrophages. We also demonstrate that loss of STAT3 in myeloid cells leads to enhanced mammary tumorigenesis. Further studies show that macrophages contribute to resistance of mammary tumors to the JAK/STAT inhibitor ruxolitinib in vivo and that ruxolitinib-treated macrophages produce soluble factors that promote resistance of tumor cells to JAK inhibition in vitro. Finally, we demonstrate that STAT3 deletion and JAK/STAT inhibition in macrophages increases expression of the protumorigenic factor cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and that COX-2 inhibition enhances responsiveness of tumors to ruxolitinib. These findings define a mechanism through which macrophages promote therapeutic resistance and highlight the importance of understanding the impact of targeted therapies on the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Irey
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Chelsea M Lassiter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Nicholas J Brady
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Pavlina Chuntova
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Todd P Knutson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Christine Henzler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Thomas S Chaffee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Rachel I Vogel
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Andrew C Nelson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Michael A Farrar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455;
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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31
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Zhao Z, Xiong S, Wang R, Li Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Bai S, Chen W, Zhao Y, Cheng B. Peri-tumor fibroblasts promote tumorigenesis and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via Interleukin6/STAT3 signaling pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:2889-2901. [PMID: 31118769 PMCID: PMC6489558 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s192263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Because many hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases develop from fibrotic or cirrhotic livers, fibroblasts are abundant in the microenvironment of HCC. Although the contribution of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) to the progression of HCC is well established, the role of fibroblasts has not been comprehensively revealed. Patients and methods: The RayBio Human Cytokine Antibody Array was used to elucidate the role of peri-tumor fibroblasts (PTFs) in promoting malignant properties of HCC. IL-6 and STAT3 signaling were inhibited in both HCC cell lines and non-tumor L-02 liver cells to further determine its role in the progression of HCC. Moreover, the expression of IL-6 and pTyr705 STAT3 was detected in HCC samples and peri-tumor liver tissues by immunohistochemical staining. Results: PTFs not only promoted the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of liver cancer cells, but also stimulated the permanent malignant transformation of human non-tumor L-02 liver cells, resulting in hepatocarcinogenesis in vivo. The RayBio Human Cytokine Antibody Array indicated that PTFs secreted a higher level of soluble IL-6 than CAFs. IL-6 derived from PTFs greatly activated STAT3 Tyr705 phosphorylation in both non-tumor L-02 cells and HCC cells. IL-6-neutralizing antibody and STAT3 Tyr705 phosphorylation inhibitor, cryptotanshinone, largely abolished the positive effects of PTFs on HCC carcinogenesis and progression. Moreover, high expression of pTyr705 STAT3 in peri-tumor tissues was significantly correlated with tumor recurrence rate after three years in a postsurgical follow-up with patients with HCC. Conclusion: These results indicated that PTFs induce carcinogenesis and development of HCC via IL-6 and STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiju Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuya Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
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32
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Plava J, Cihova M, Burikova M, Matuskova M, Kucerova L, Miklikova S. Recent advances in understanding tumor stroma-mediated chemoresistance in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:67. [PMID: 30927930 PMCID: PMC6441200 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although solid tumors comprise malignant cells, they also contain many different non-malignant cell types in their micro-environment. The cellular components of the tumor stroma consist of immune and endothelial cells combined with a heterogeneous population of stromal cells which include cancer-associated fibroblasts. The bi-directional interactions between tumor and stromal cells therefore substantially affect tumor cell biology.Herein, we discuss current available information on these interactions in breast cancer chemo-resistance. It is acknowledged that stromal cells extrinsically alter tumor cell drug responses with profound consequences for therapy efficiency, and it is therefore essential to understand the molecular mechanisms which contribute to these substantial alterations because they provide potential targets for improved cancer therapy. Although breast cancer patient survival has improved over the last decades, chemo-resistance still remains a significant obstacle to successful treatment.Appreciating the important experimental evidence of mesenchymal stromal cells and cancer-associated fibroblast involvement in breast cancer clinical practice can therefore have important therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Plava
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marina Cihova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Monika Burikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Matuskova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Kucerova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Svetlana Miklikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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33
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Gomes AM, Carron EC, Mills KL, Dow AM, Gray Z, Fecca CR, Lakey MA, Carmeliet P, Kittrell F, Medina D, Machado HL. Stromal Gas6 promotes the progression of premalignant mammary cells. Oncogene 2018; 38:2437-2450. [PMID: 30531835 PMCID: PMC6450766 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor progression is regulated by a complex interplay between neoplastic cells and the tumor microenvironment. Tumor associated macrophages have been shown to promote breast cancer progression in advanced disease and more recently, in early stage cancers. However, little is known about the macrophage-derived factors that promote tumor progression in early stage lesions. Using a p53-null model of early stage mammary tumor progression, we found that Gas6 is highly expressed in pre-invasive lesions associated with increased infiltrating macrophages, as compared to those with few recruited macrophages. We show that F4/80+CD11b+ macrophages produce Gas6 in premalignant lesions in vivo, and that macrophage-derived Gas6 induces a tumor-like phenotype ex vivo. Using a 3-D co-culture system, we show that macrophage-derived Gas6 activates its receptor Axl and downstream survival signals including Akt and STAT3, which was accompanied by altered E-cadherin expression to induce a malignant morphology. In vivo studies demonstrated that deletion of stromal Gas6 delays early stage progression and decreases tumor formation, while tumor growth in established tumors remains unaffected. These studies suggest that macrophage-derived Gas6 is a critical regulator of the transition from premalignant to invasive cancer, and may lead to the development of unique biomarkers of neoplastic progression for patients with early stage breast cancer, including ductal carcinoma in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica M Gomes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Emily C Carron
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kylie L Mills
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Alexa M Dow
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zane Gray
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Christopher R Fecca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Meredith A Lakey
- Ochsner Biorepository, Department of Research, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongsan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Frances Kittrell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Medina
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heather L Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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34
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Wang X, Ai J, Liu H, Peng X, Chen H, Chen Y, Su Y, Shen A, Huang X, Ding J, Geng M. The Secretome Engages STAT3 to Favor a Cytokine-rich Microenvironment in Mediating Acquired Resistance to FGFR Inhibitors. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 18:667-679. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Rios-Fuller TJ, Ortiz-Soto G, Lacourt-Ventura M, Maldonado-Martinez G, Cubano LA, Schneider RJ, Martinez-Montemayor MM. Ganoderma lucidum extract (GLE) impairs breast cancer stem cells by targeting the STAT3 pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35907-35921. [PMID: 30542507 PMCID: PMC6267592 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggressive nature of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) may be explained in part by the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), a subpopulation of cells, which are involved in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence, and therapy resistance. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway participates in the development and progression of BCSCs, but its role in TNBC remains unclear. Here, we report that Ganoderma lucidum extract (GLE), a medicinal mushroom with anticancer activity, acts on BCSCs in vitro and in TNBC pre-clinical animal tumor models by downregulating the STAT3 pathway. We show that GLE significantly reduces TNBC cell viability, and down-regulates total and phosphorylated STAT3 expression. This is consistent with the reduction of OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 expression, reduction in the BCSC population by loss of the ALDH1 and CD44+/CD24– population, the deformation of mammospheres, and the strong reduction in animal tumor volume and tumor weight. Analysis of the BCSC compartment in tumors revealed that GLE decreases the STAT3 pathway and the expression of OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2 in BCSCs. These findings demonstrate that the anti-cancer activity of GLE targets BCSCs of TNBC through the downregulation of the STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany J Rios-Fuller
- Universidad Central del Caribe-School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Gabriela Ortiz-Soto
- Universidad Central del Caribe-School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | - Mercedes Lacourt-Ventura
- Universidad Central del Caribe-School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, United States of America
| | | | - Luis A Cubano
- Universidad Central del Caribe-School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, United States of America
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36
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Nguyen TM, Kabotyanski EB, Dou Y, Reineke LC, Zhang P, Zhang XHF, Malovannaya A, Jung SY, Mo Q, Roarty KP, Chen Y, Zhang B, Neilson JR, Lloyd RE, Perou CM, Ellis MJ, Rosen JM. FGFR1-Activated Translation of WNT Pathway Components with Structured 5' UTRs Is Vulnerable to Inhibition of EIF4A-Dependent Translation Initiation. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4229-4240. [PMID: 29844125 PMCID: PMC6072612 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cooperativity between WNT and FGF signaling is well documented in embryonic development and cancer progression, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this cross-talk remain elusive. In this study, we interrogated the dynamics of RNA levels, ribosome occupancy, and protein expression as a function of inducible FGF signaling in mouse mammary glands with constitutive WNT hyperactivation. Multiomics correlation analysis revealed a substantial discrepancy between RNA and ribosome occupancy levels versus protein levels. However, this discrepancy decreased as cells became premalignant and dynamically responded to FGF signaling, implicating the importance of stringent gene regulation in nontransformed cells. Analysis of individual genes demonstrated that acute FGF hyperactivation increased translation of many stem cell self-renewal regulators, including WNT signaling components, and decreased translation of genes regulating cellular senescence. WNT pathway components translationally upregulated by FGF signaling had long and structured 5' UTRs with a high frequency of polypurine sequences, several of which harbored (CGG)4 motifs that can fold into either stable G-quadruplexes or other stable secondary structures. The FGF-mediated increase in translation of WNT pathway components was compromised by silvestrol, an inhibitor of EIF4A that clamps EIF4A to polypurine sequences to block 43S scanning and inhibits its RNA-unwinding activity important for translation initiation. Moreover, silvestrol treatment significantly delayed FGF-WNT-driven tumorigenesis. Taken together, these results suggest that FGF signaling selectively enhances translation of structured mRNAs, particularly WNT signaling components, and highlight their vulnerability to inhibitors that target the RNA helicase EIF4A.Significance: The RNA helicase EIF4A may serve as a therapeutic target for breast cancers that require FGF and WNT signaling. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4229-40. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan M Nguyen
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Elena B Kabotyanski
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Yongchao Dou
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Lucas C Reineke
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Center for Big Data Research in Health, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang H-F Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Anna Malovannaya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Verna & Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Verna & Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Qianxing Mo
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kevin P Roarty
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Joel R Neilson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Richard E Lloyd
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Charles M Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matthew J Ellis
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeffrey M Rosen
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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37
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Herrera-Perez RM, Voytik-Harbin SL, Sarkaria JN, Pollok KE, Fishel ML, Rickus JL. Presence of stromal cells in a bioengineered tumor microenvironment alters glioblastoma migration and response to STAT3 inhibition. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194183. [PMID: 29566069 PMCID: PMC5863989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasingly recognized importance of the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a regulator of tumor progression, only few in vitro models have been developed to systematically study the effects of TME on tumor behavior in a controlled manner. Here we developed a three-dimensional (3D) in vitro model that recapitulates the physical and compositional characteristics of Glioblastoma (GBM) extracellular matrix (ECM) and incorporates brain stromal cells such as astrocytes and endothelial cell precursors. The model was used to evaluate the effect of TME components on migration and survival of various patient-derived GBM cell lines (GBM10, GBM43 and GBAM1) in the context of STAT3 inhibition. Migration analysis of GBM within the 3D in vitro model demonstrated that the presence of astrocytes significantly increases the migration of GBM, while presence of endothelial precursors has varied effects on the migration of different GBM cell lines. Given the role of the tumor microenvironment as a regulator of STAT3 activity, we tested the effect of the STAT3 inhibitor SH-4-54 on GBM migration and survival. SH-4-54 inhibited STAT3 activity and reduced 3D migration and survival of GBM43 but had no effect on GBM10. SH-4-54 treatment drastically reduced the viability of the stem-like line GBAM1 in liquid culture, but its effect lessened in presence of a 3D ECM and stromal cells. Our results highlight the interplay between the ECM and stromal cells in the microenvironment with the cancer cells and indicate that the impact of these relationships may differ for GBM cells of varying genetic and clinical histories.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Marisol Herrera-Perez
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Physiological Sensing Facility at the Bindley Bioscience Center and the Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Sherry L. Voytik-Harbin
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Karen E. Pollok
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Melissa L. Fishel
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jenna L. Rickus
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Physiological Sensing Facility at the Bindley Bioscience Center and the Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
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38
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Proinvasive extracellular matrix remodeling in tumor microenvironment in response to radiation. Oncogene 2018; 37:3317-3328. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0199-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Wang JK, Guo SJ, Tian BQ, Nie CJ, Wang HL, Wang JL, Hong A, Chen XJ. Association between FGFRs and the susceptibility of digestive and reproductive system cancers in Chinese population. Mol Cell Toxicol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-017-0042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Baker AEG, Tam RY, Shoichet MS. Independently Tuning the Biochemical and Mechanical Properties of 3D Hyaluronan-Based Hydrogels with Oxime and Diels-Alder Chemistry to Culture Breast Cancer Spheroids. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:4373-4384. [PMID: 29040808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
For native breast cancer cell growth to be mimicked in vitro as spheroids, a well-defined matrix that mimics the tumor microenvironment is required. Finding a biomimetic material for 3D cell culture other than Matrigel has challenged the field. Because hyaluronan is naturally abundant in the tumor microenvironment and can be chemically modified, we synthesized a hyaluronan (HA) hydrogel with independently tunable mechanical and chemical properties for 3D culture of breast cancer cells. By modifying HA with distinct bioorthogonal functional groups, its mechanical properties are controlled by chemical cross-linking via oxime ligation, and its biochemical properties are controlled by grafting bioactive peptides via Diels-Alder chemistry. A series of hydrogels were screened in terms of stiffness and peptide composition for cancer spheroid formation. In the optimal hydrogel formulation, the 3D breast cancer spheroids showed decreased drug diffusion into their core and upregulation of cellular multidrug-resistant efflux pumps similar to what is observed in drug-resistant tumors. Our results highlight the potential of these tunable and well-defined gels in drug screening assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E G Baker
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , 164 College Street, Room 407, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Roger Y Tam
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Molly S Shoichet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , 164 College Street, Room 407, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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41
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Fumarola C, Cretella D, La Monica S, Bonelli MA, Alfieri R, Caffarra C, Quaini F, Madeddu D, Falco A, Cavazzoni A, Digiacomo G, Mazzaschi G, Vivo V, Barocelli E, Tiseo M, Petronini PG, Ardizzoni A. Enhancement of the anti-tumor activity of FGFR1 inhibition in squamous cell lung cancer by targeting downstream signaling involved in glucose metabolism. Oncotarget 2017; 8:91841-91859. [PMID: 29190880 PMCID: PMC5696146 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) signaling is a complex pathway which controls several processes, including cell proliferation, survival, migration, and metabolism. FGFR1 signaling is frequently deregulated via amplification/over-expression in NSCLC of squamous histotype (SQCLC), however its inhibition has not been successfully translated in clinical setting. We determined whether targeting downstream signaling implicated in FGFR1 effects on glucose metabolism potentiates the anti-tumor activity of FGFR1 inhibition in SQCLC. In FGFR1 amplified/over-expressing SQCLC cell lines, FGF2-mediated stimulation of FGFR1 under serum-deprivation activated both MAPK and AKT/mTOR pathways and increased glucose uptake, glycolysis, and lactate production, through AKT/mTOR-dependent HIF-1α accumulation and up-regulation of GLUT-1 glucose transporter. These effects were hindered by PD173074 and NVP-BGJ398, selective FGFR inhibitors, as well as by dovitinib, a multi-kinase inhibitor. Glucose metabolism was hampered by the FGFR inhibitors also under hypoxic conditions, with consequent inhibition of cell proliferation and viability. In presence of serum, glucose metabolism was impaired only in cell models in which FGFR1 inhibition was associated with AKT/mTOR down-regulation. When the activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway persisted despite FGFR1 down-regulation, the efficacy of NVP-BGJ398 could be significantly improved by the combination with NVP-BEZ235 or other inhibitors of this signaling cascade, both in vitro and in xenotransplanted nude mice. Collectively our results indicate that inhibition of FGFR1 signaling impacts on cancer cell growth also by affecting glucose energy metabolism. In addition, this study strongly suggests that the therapeutic efficacy of FGFR1 targeting molecules in SQCLC may be implemented by combined treatments tackling on glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fumarola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Cretella
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia La Monica
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mara A Bonelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Alfieri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristina Caffarra
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Quaini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Denise Madeddu
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Angela Falco
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavazzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Mazzaschi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Vivo
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Tiseo
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Ardizzoni
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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42
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Chen Q, Quan Y, Wang N, Xie C, Ji Z, He H, Chai R, Li H, Yin S, Chin YE, Wei X, Gao WQ. Inactivation of STAT3 Signaling Impairs Hair Cell Differentiation in the Developing Mouse Cochlea. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:231-246. [PMID: 28669599 PMCID: PMC5511372 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although STAT3 signaling is demonstrated to regulate sensory cell differentiation and regeneration in the zebrafish, its exact role is still unclear in mammalian cochleae. Here, we report that STAT3 and its activated form are specifically expressed in hair cells during mouse cochlear development. Importantly, conditional cochlear deletion of Stat3 leads to an inhibition on hair cell differentiation in mice in vivo and in vitro. By cell fate analysis, inactivation of STAT3 signaling shifts the cell division modes from asymmetric to symmetric divisions from supporting cells. Moreover, inhibition of Notch signaling stimulates STAT3 phosphorylation, and inactivation of STAT3 signaling attenuates production of supernumerary hair cells induced by a Notch pathway inhibitor. Our findings highlight an important role of the STAT3 signaling during mouse cochlear hair cell differentiation and may have clinical implications for the recovery of hair cell loss-induced hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Med-X Research Institute & School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yizhou Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Med-X Research Institute & School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Naitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chengying Xie
- Med-X Research Institute & School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhongzhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Med-X Research Institute & School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hao He
- Med-X Research Institute & School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; The Affiliated Six People's Hospital, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Huawei Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shankai Yin
- The Affiliated Six People's Hospital, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Y Eugene Chin
- China Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Med-X Research Institute & School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Med-X Research Institute & School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; The Affiliated Six People's Hospital, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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43
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STAT5 deletion in macrophages alters ductal elongation and branching during mammary gland development. Dev Biol 2017; 428:232-244. [PMID: 28606561 PMCID: PMC5621646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are required for proper mammary gland development and maintaining tissue homeostasis. However, the mechanisms by which macrophages regulate this process remain unclear. Here, we identify STAT5 as an important regulator of macrophage function in the developing mammary gland. Analysis of mammary glands from mice with STAT5-deficient macrophages demonstrates delayed ductal elongation, enhanced ductal branching and increased epithelial proliferation. Further analysis reveals that STAT5 deletion in macrophages leads to enhanced expression of proliferative factors such as Cyp19a1/aromatase and IL-6. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that STAT5 binds directly to the Cyp19a1 promoter in macrophages to suppress gene expression and that loss of STAT5 results in enhanced stromal expression of aromatase. Finally, we demonstrate that STAT5 deletion in macrophages cooperates with oncogenic initiation in mammary epithelium to accelerate the formation of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive hyperplasias. These studies establish the importance of STAT5 in macrophages during ductal morphogenesis in the mammary gland and demonstrate that altering STAT5 function in macrophages can affect the development of tissue-specific disease.
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44
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Bohrer LR, Chaffee TS, Chuntova P, Brady NJ, Witschen PM, Kemp SE, Nelson AC, Walcheck B, Schwertfeger KL. ADAM17 in tumor associated leukocytes regulates inflammatory mediators and promotes mammary tumor formation. Genes Cancer 2016; 7:240-253. [PMID: 27738494 PMCID: PMC5059114 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of inflammatory cells within the tumor microenvironment has been tightly linked to mammary tumor formation and progression. Specifically, interactions between tumor cells and infiltrating macrophages can contribute to the generation of a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment. Understanding the complex mechanisms that drive tumor cell-macrophage cross-talk will ultimately lead to the development of approaches to prevent or treat early stage breast cancers. As described here, we demonstrate that the cell surface protease a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) is expressed by macrophages in mammary tumors and contributes to regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, including inflammatory cytokines and the inflammatory mediator cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2). Furthermore, we demonstrate that ADAM17 is expressed on leukocytes, including macrophages, within polyoma middle T (PyMT)-derived mammary tumors. Genetic deletion of ADAM17 in leukocytes resulted in decreased onset of mammary tumor growth, which was associated with reduced expression of the Cox-2 within the tumor. These findings demonstrate that ADAM17 regulates key inflammatory mediators in macrophages and that leukocyte-specific ADAM17 is an important promoter of mammary tumor initiation. Understanding the mechanisms associated with early stage tumorigenesis has implications for the development of preventive and/or treatment strategies for early stage breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Bohrer
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Thomas S Chaffee
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Pavlina Chuntova
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brady
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Patrice M Witschen
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Sarah E Kemp
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Andrew C Nelson
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Bruce Walcheck
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
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45
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McCarthy N, Sidik A, Bertrand JY, Eberhart JK. An Fgf-Shh signaling hierarchy regulates early specification of the zebrafish skull. Dev Biol 2016; 415:261-277. [PMID: 27060628 PMCID: PMC4967541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The neurocranium generates most of the craniofacial skeleton and consists of prechordal and postchordal regions. Although development of the prechordal is well studied, little is known of the postchordal region. Here we characterize a signaling hierarchy necessary for postchordal neurocranial development involving Fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) signaling for early specification of mesodermally-derived progenitor cells. The expression of hyaluron synthetase 2 (has2) in the cephalic mesoderm requires Fgf signaling and Has2 function, in turn, is required for postchordal neurocranial development. While Hedgehog (Hh)-deficient embryos also lack a postchordal neurocranium, this appears primarily due to a later defect in chondrocyte differentiation. Inhibitor studies demonstrate that postchordal neurocranial development requires early Fgf and later Hh signaling. Collectively, our results provide a mechanistic understanding of early postchordal neurocranial development and demonstrate a hierarchy of signaling between Fgf and Hh in the development of this structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil McCarthy
- Department of Molecular Biosciences; Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Alcohol Addiction Research, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Alfire Sidik
- Department of Molecular Biosciences; Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Alcohol Addiction Research, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Julien Y Bertrand
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Johann K Eberhart
- Department of Molecular Biosciences; Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Alcohol Addiction Research, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States; Department of Molecular Biosciences; Institute of Neurobiology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States.
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46
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Yue W, Lin Y, Yang X, Li B, Liu J, He R. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) inhibits human colon tumor growth by promoting apoptosis of tumor cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:16840-54. [PMID: 26919238 PMCID: PMC4941354 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) has recently been suggested in several epithelial cancers, either pro-tumor or anti-tumor. However, the role of TSLP in colon cancer remains unknown. We here found significantly decreased TSLP levels in tumor tissues compared with tumor-surrounding tissues of patients with colon cancer and TSLP levels negatively correlated with the clinical staging score of colon cancer. TSLPR, the receptor of TSLP, was expressed in all three colon cancer cell lines investigated and colon tumor tissues. The addition of TSLP significantly enhanced apoptosis of colon cancer cells in a TSLPR-dependent manner. Interestingly, TSLP selectively induced the apoptosis of colon cancer cells, but not normal colonic epithelial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that TSLP induced JNK and p38 activation and initiated apoptosis mainly through the extrinsic pathway, as caspase-8 inhibitor significantly reversed the apoptosis-promoting effect of TSLP. Finally, using a xenograft mouse model, we demonstrated that peritumoral administration of TSLP greatly reduced tumor growth accompanied with extensive tumor apoptotic response, which was abolished by tumor cell-specific knockdown of TSLPR. Collectively, our study reveals a novel anti-tumor effect of TSLP via direct promotion of the apoptosis of colon cancer cells, and suggests that TSLP could be of value in treating colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Yue
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuli Lin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuguang Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingji Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
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47
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Spinelli FM, Vitale DL, Demarchi G, Cristina C, Alaniz L. The immunological effect of hyaluronan in tumor angiogenesis. Clin Transl Immunology 2015; 4:e52. [PMID: 26719798 PMCID: PMC4685440 DOI: 10.1038/cti.2015.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the immune system and angiogenesis has been described in several contexts, both in physiological and pathological conditions, as pregnancy and cancer. In fact, different types of immune cells, such as myeloid, macrophages and denditric cells, are able to modulate tumor neovascularization. On the other hand, tumor microenvironment also includes extracellular matrix components like hyaluronan, which has a deregulated synthesis in different tumors. Hyaluronan is a glycosaminoglycan, normally present in the extracellular matrix of tissues in continuous remodeling (embryogenesis or wound healing processes) and acts as an important modulator of cell behavior by different mechanisms, including angiogenesis. In this review, we discuss hyaluronan as a modulator of tumor angiogenesis, focusing in intracellular signaling mediated by its receptors expressed on different immune cells. Recent observations suggest that the immune system is an important component in tumoural angiogenesis. Therefore, immune modulation could have an impact in anti-angiogenic therapy as a new therapeutic strategy, which in turn might improve effectiveness of treatment in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella M Spinelli
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), CIT NOBA, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNNOBA-CONICET), Junín, Pcia. Bs. As., Argentina
- Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment, CIBA, Junín, Pcia. Bs. As., Argentina
| | - Daiana L Vitale
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), CIT NOBA, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNNOBA-CONICET), Junín, Pcia. Bs. As., Argentina
- Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment, CIBA, Junín, Pcia. Bs. As., Argentina
| | - Gianina Demarchi
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), CIT NOBA, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNNOBA-CONICET), Junín, Pcia. Bs. As., Argentina
- Laboratory of Pituitary Physiopathology, CIBA, Junín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Cristina
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), CIT NOBA, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNNOBA-CONICET), Junín, Pcia. Bs. As., Argentina
- Laboratory of Pituitary Physiopathology, CIBA, Junín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Alaniz
- Centro de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas (CIBA), CIT NOBA, Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Pcia. de Bs. As. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNNOBA-CONICET), Junín, Pcia. Bs. As., Argentina
- Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment, CIBA, Junín, Pcia. Bs. As., Argentina
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48
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Jo DH, Kim JH, Cho CS, Cho YL, Jun HO, Yu YS, Min JK, Kim JH. STAT3 inhibition suppresses proliferation of retinoblastoma through down-regulation of positive feedback loop of STAT3/miR-17-92 clusters. Oncotarget 2015; 5:11513-25. [PMID: 25359779 PMCID: PMC4294389 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular malignant tumor in children, is characterized by the loss of both functional alleles of RB1 gene, which however alone cannot maintain malignant characteristics of retinoblastoma cells. Nevertheless, the investigation of other molecular aberrations such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and miRNAs is still lacking. In this study, we demonstrate that STAT3 is activated in retinoblastoma cells, Ki67-positive areas of in vivo orthotopic tumors in BALB/c nude mice, and human retinoblastoma tissues of the advanced stage. Furthermore, target genes of STAT3 including BCL2, BCL2L1, BIRC5, and MMP9 are up-regulated in retinoblastoma cells compared to other retinal constituent cells. Interestingly, STAT3 inhibition by targeted siRNA suppresses the proliferation of retinoblastoma cells and the formation of in vivo orthotopic tumors. In line with these results, STAT3 siRNA effectively induces down-regulation of target genes of STAT3. In addition, miRNA microarray analysis and further real-time PCR experiments with STAT3 siRNA treatment show that STAT3 activation is related to the up-regulation of miR-17-92 clusters in retinoblastoma cells via positive feedback loop between them. In conclusion, we suggest that STAT3 inhibition could be a potential therapeutic approach in retinoblastoma through the suppression of tumor proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Jo
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sik Cho
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Lai Cho
- Center for Nanosafety Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Oh Jun
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Suk Yu
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ki Min
- Research Center for Integrated Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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49
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Bai YP, Shang K, Chen H, Ding F, Wang Z, Liang C, Xu Y, Sun MH, Li YY. FGF-1/-3/FGFR4 signaling in cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes tumor progression in colon cancer through Erk and MMP-7. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1278-87. [PMID: 26183471 PMCID: PMC4637995 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as the activated fibroblasts in the tumor stroma, are important modifiers of tumour progression. In the present study, we observed that azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate treatments induced increasingly severe colorectal mucosal inflammation and the intratumoural accumulation of CAFs. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1 and FGF-3 were detected in infiltrating cells, and FGFR4, the specific receptor for FGF-1 and FGF-3, was detected in colon cancer tissues. The phosphorylation of FGFR4 enhanced the production of metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (Mek)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), which was accompanied by excessive vessel generation and cell proliferation. Moreover, we separated CAFs, pericarcinoma fibroblasts (PFs), and normal fibroblasts (NFs) from human colon tissue specimens to characterize the function of CAFs. We observed that CAFs secrete more FGF-1/-3 than NFs and PFs and promote cancer cell growth and angiogenesis through the activation of FGFR4, which is followed by the activation of Mek/Erk and the modulation of MMP-7 expression. The administration of FGF-1/-3-neutralizing antibodies or the treatment of cells with FGFR4 siRNA or the FGFR4 inhibitor PD173074 markedly suppressed colon cancer cell proliferation and neovascularization. These observations suggest a crucial role for CAFs and FGF signaling in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer. The inhibition of the FGF signaling pathway may be a useful strategy for the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Pan Bai
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Shang
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Hong Sun
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Yi Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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50
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Farooqui M, Bohrer LR, Brady NJ, Chuntova P, Kemp SE, Wardwell CT, Nelson AC, Schwertfeger KL. Epiregulin contributes to breast tumorigenesis through regulating matrix metalloproteinase 1 and promoting cell survival. Mol Cancer 2015. [PMID: 26215578 PMCID: PMC4517352 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of ligands has been implicated in promoting breast cancer initiation, growth and progression. The contributions of EGF family ligands and their receptors to breast cancer are complex, and the specific mechanisms through which different ligands regulate breast tumor initiation and growth are not well-defined. These studies focus on the EGF family member epiregulin (EREG) as a mediator of early stage breast tumorigenesis. METHODS EREG expression levels were assessed in both cell lines and human samples of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) using quantitative RT-PCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Gene knock-down approaches using shRNA-based strategies were used to determine the requirement of EREG for growth of MCF10DCIS cells in vivo, and for identifying mechanisms through which EREG promotes tumor cell survival. Experiments were performed using a combination of two-dimensional culture, three-dimensional culture and tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS In comparison with other EGF family members, EREG was induced in MCF10DCIS cells compared with MCF10A and MCF10AT cells and its expression was partially regulated by fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) activity. Reduced EREG expression in MCF10DCIS cells led to decreased tumor growth in vivo, which was associated with reduced cell survival. Furthermore, treatment of MCF10A cells with exogenous EREG enhanced cell survival both in three-dimensional culture and in response to chemotherapeutic agents. Examination of EREG-induced signaling pathways demonstrated that EREG promoted survival of MCF10A cells through regulating expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). To determine the relevance of these findings in human tumors, samples of DCIS were analyzed for EREG and MMP-1 expression. EREG was induced in DCIS lesions compared to normal breast epithelium, and EREG and MMP-1 were correlated in a subset of DCIS samples. CONCLUSIONS Together, these studies lead to identification of a novel pathway involving EREG and MMP-1 that contributes to the formation of early stage breast cancer. Understanding these complex pathways could ultimately lead to the development of novel biomarkers of neoplastic progression and/or new therapeutic strategies for patients with early stage cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Farooqui
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Laura R Bohrer
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brady
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Pavlina Chuntova
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Sarah E Kemp
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - C Taylor Wardwell
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Andrew C Nelson
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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