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Teng W, Ling Y, Liu Z, Jiang L, Fu G, Zhou X, Long N, Liu J, Chu L. Advances in the antitumor mechanisms of tripartite motif-containing protein 3. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:105. [PMID: 38411731 PMCID: PMC10899276 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein family has steadily become a hotspot in tumor-related research. As a member of the E3 ubiquitin ligase family, TRIM is working on many crucial biological processes, including the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Among the diverse TRIM superfamily members, TRIM3 operates via different mechanisms in various types of tumors. This review primarily focuses on the current state of research regarding the antitumor mechanisms of TRIM3 in different cancers. A more in-depth study of TRIM3 may provide new directions for future antitumor treatments. Our review focuses on TRIM3 proteins and cancer. We searched for relevant articles on the mechanisms by which TRIM3 affects tumorigenesis and development from 1997 to 2023 and summarized the latest progress and future directions. Triad-containing motif protein 3 (TRIM3) is an important protein, which plays a key role in the process of tumorigenesis and development. The comprehensive exploration of TRIM3 is anticipated to pave the way for future advancements in antitumor therapy, which is expected to be a new hallmark for cancer detection and a novel target for drug action. TRIM3 is poised to become a significant milestone in cancer detection and a promising focal point for drug intervention. Recent years have witnessed notable progress in research aimed at unraveling the antitumor mechanism of TRIM3, with far-reaching implications for practical tumor diagnosis, treatment protocols, efficacy evaluation, economics, and pharmaceutical utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Teng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuanguo Ling
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zongwei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lishi Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Genyuan Fu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xingwang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Niya Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangzhao Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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Cong Y, Cui X, Shi Y, Pan X, Huang K, Geng Z, Xu P, Ge L, Zhu J, Xu J, Jia X. Tripartite-motif 3 represses ovarian cancer progression by downregulating lactate dehydrogenase A and inhibiting AKT signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-023-04920-y. [PMID: 38367118 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04920-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase Tripartite-motif 3 (TRIM3) is known to play a crucial role in tumor suppression in various tumors through different mechanisms. However, its function and mechanism in ovarian cancer have yet to be elucidated. Our study aims to investigate the expression of TRIM3 in ovarian cancer and evaluate its role in the development of the disease. Our findings revealed a significant decrease in TRIM3 mRNA and protein levels in ovarian cancer tissues and cells when compared to normal ovarian epithelial tissues and cells. Furthermore, we observed a negative correlation between the protein level of TRIM3 and the FIGO stage, as well as a positive correlation with the survival of ovarian cancer patients. Using gain and loss of function experiments, we demonstrated that TRIM3 can inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion of the ovarian cancer cells in vitro, as well as suppress tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic studies showed that TRIM3 interacts with lactate dehydrogenase A, a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, through its B-box and coiled-coil domains and induces its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, leading to the inhibition of glycolytic ability in ovarian cancer cells. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed significant alterations in the phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways upon TRIM3 overexpression. Additionally, overexpression of TRIM3 inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that TRIM3 exerts a tumor-suppressive effect in ovarian cancer, at least partially, by downregulating LDHA and inhibiting the AKT signaling pathway, and thus leading to the inhibition of glycolysis and limiting the growth of ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cong
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), 123 Mochou Rd, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), 123 Mochou Rd, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaqian Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), 123 Mochou Rd, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinxing Pan
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), 123 Mochou Rd, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), 123 Mochou Rd, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhe Geng
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), 123 Mochou Rd, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Ge
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), 123 Mochou Rd, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), 123 Mochou Rd, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xuemei Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital), 123 Mochou Rd, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China.
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Zuo Q, Xu Q, Li Z, Luo D, Peng H, Duan Z. TRIM3 inhibits colorectal cancer cell migration and lipid droplet formation by promoting FABP4 degradation. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:239-250. [PMID: 37212515 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study is to investigate the regulation of TRIM3/FABP4 on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell migration and lipid metabolism. After transfection of HCT116, LoVo, or SW480 cells, the expression of FABP4, TRIM3, N-cadherin, Vimentin, E-cadherin, and lipid droplet (LD) formation-related genes was measured by qRT-PCR or western blot assays. Wound healing and Transwell assays were applied to detect CRC cell migration and invasion abilities. The levels of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were measured and the formation of LDs was observed. Additionally, the relationship between FABP4 and TRIM3 was confirmed by Co-IP and ubiquitination assays. Furthermore, a liver metastasis model of CRC was established to explore the effect of FABP4 on CRC tumor metastasis in vivo. FABP4 was upregulated in CRC cells. Downregulation of FABP4 or upregulation of TRIM3 resulted in repressed cell migration and invasion, decreased TG and TC levels, and reduced numbers of LDs. In nude mice, knockdown of FABP4 reduced metastatic nodules in the liver. Mechanistically, TRIM3 combined FABP4 and decreased its protein expression by ubiquitination. Overexpressed FABP4 reversed the influence of TRIM3 upregulation on CRC cell migration and LD formation. In conclusion, underexpressed TRIM3 suppressed FABP4 ubiquitination and accelerated CRC cell migration and LD formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zuo
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qimei Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Dixian Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hanwu Peng
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhi Duan
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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Wang Z, Shen N, Wang Z, Yu L, Yang S, Wang Y, Liu Y, Han G, Zhang Q. TRIM3 facilitates ferroptosis in non-small cell lung cancer through promoting SLC7A11/xCT K11-linked ubiquitination and degradation. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:53-64. [PMID: 37978273 PMCID: PMC10781973 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01239-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a unique form of regulated necrotic cell death, is caused by excessive iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. However, the underlying mechanisms driving ferroptosis in human cancers remain elusive. In this study, we identified TRIM3, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, as a key regulator of ferroptosis. TRIM3 is downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), two major types of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Forced expression of TRIM3 promotes cell death by enhancing the cellular level of ROS and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, our in vivo study determined that TRIM3 overexpression diminishes the tumorigenicity of NSCLC cells, indicating that TRIM3 functions as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC. Mechanistically, TRIM3 directly interacts with SLC7A11/xCT through its NHL domain, leading to SCL7A11 K11-linked ubiquitination at K37, which promotes SLC7A11 proteasome-mediated degradation. Importantly, TRIM3 expression exhibits a negative correlation with SCL7A11 expression in clinical NSCLC samples, and low TRIM3 expression is associated with a worse prognosis. This study reveals that TRIM3 functions as a tumor suppressor that can impede the tumorigenesis of NSCLC by degrading SLC7A11, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ziao Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Gaohua Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, China.
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Diaz LR, Gil-Ranedo J, Jaworek KJ, Nsek N, Marques JP, Costa E, Hilton DA, Bieluczyk H, Warrington O, Hanemann CO, Futschik ME, Bossing T, Barros CS. Ribogenesis boosts controlled by HEATR1-MYC interplay promote transition into brain tumour growth. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:168-197. [PMID: 38225354 PMCID: PMC10897169 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell commitment to tumourigenesis and the onset of uncontrolled growth are critical determinants in cancer development but the early events directing tumour initiating cell (TIC) fate remain unclear. We reveal a single-cell transcriptome profile of brain TICs transitioning into tumour growth using the brain tumour (brat) neural stem cell-based Drosophila model. Prominent changes in metabolic and proteostasis-associated processes including ribogenesis are identified. Increased ribogenesis is a known cell adaptation in established tumours. Here we propose that brain TICs boost ribogenesis prior to tumour growth. In brat-deficient TICs, we show that this dramatic change is mediated by upregulated HEAT-Repeat Containing 1 (HEATR1) to promote ribosomal RNA generation, TIC enlargement and onset of overgrowth. High HEATR1 expression correlates with poor glioma patient survival and patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells rely on HEATR1 for enhanced ribogenesis and tumourigenic potential. Finally, we show that HEATR1 binds the master growth regulator MYC, promotes its nucleolar localisation and appears required for MYC-driven ribogenesis, suggesting a mechanism co-opted in ribogenesis reprogramming during early brain TIC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Diaz
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Jon Gil-Ranedo
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Karolina J Jaworek
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, LL57 2UW, Bangor, UK
| | - Nsikan Nsek
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Joao Pinheiro Marques
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Eleni Costa
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - David A Hilton
- Department of Cellular and Anatomical Pathology, University Hospitals Plymouth, PL6 8DH, Plymouth, UK
| | - Hubert Bieluczyk
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Oliver Warrington
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, WC1N 3AR, London, UK
| | - C Oliver Hanemann
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Matthias E Futschik
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Derriford Research Facility, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Torsten Bossing
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK
| | - Claudia S Barros
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, John Bull Building, University of Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Plymouth, UK.
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Dudley-Fraser J, Rittinger K. It's a TRIM-endous view from the top: the varied roles of TRIpartite Motif proteins in brain development and disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1287257. [PMID: 38115822 PMCID: PMC10728303 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1287257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family members have been implicated in a multitude of physiologies and pathologies in different tissues. With diverse functions in cellular processes including regulation of signaling pathways, protein degradation, and transcriptional control, the impact of TRIM dysregulation can be multifaceted and complex. Here, we focus on the cellular and molecular roles of TRIMs identified in the brain in the context of a selection of pathologies including cancer and neurodegeneration. By examining each disease in parallel with described roles in brain development, we aim to highlight fundamental common mechanisms employed by TRIM proteins and identify opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Dudley-Fraser
- Molecular Structure of Cell Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katrin Rittinger
- Molecular Structure of Cell Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Abidi SNF, Hsu FTY, Smith-Bolton RK. Regenerative growth is constrained by brain tumor to ensure proper patterning in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1011103. [PMID: 38127821 PMCID: PMC10769103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Some animals respond to injury by inducing new growth to regenerate the lost structures. This regenerative growth must be carefully controlled and constrained to prevent aberrant growth and to allow correct organization of the regenerating tissue. However, the factors that restrict regenerative growth have not been identified. Using a genetic ablation system in the Drosophila wing imaginal disc, we have identified one mechanism that constrains regenerative growth, impairment of which also leads to erroneous patterning of the final appendage. Regenerating discs with reduced levels of the RNA-regulator Brain tumor (Brat) exhibit enhanced regeneration, but produce adult wings with disrupted margins that are missing extensive tracts of sensory bristles. In these mutants, aberrantly high expression of the pro-growth factor Myc and its downstream targets likely contributes to this loss of cell-fate specification. Thus, Brat constrains the expression of pro-regeneration genes and ensures that the regenerating tissue forms the proper final structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Nayab Fatima Abidi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Felicity Ting-Yu Hsu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rachel K. Smith-Bolton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
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Sanati M, Afshari AR, Ahmadi SS, Moallem SA, Sahebkar A. Modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system by phytochemicals: Therapeutic implications in malignancies with an emphasis on brain tumors. Biofactors 2023; 49:782-819. [PMID: 37162294 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Regarding the multimechanistic nature of cancers, current chemo- or radiotherapies often fail to eradicate disease pathology, and frequent relapses or resistance to therapies occur. Brain malignancies, particularly glioblastomas, are difficult-to-treat cancers due to their highly malignant and multidimensional biology. Unfortunately, patients suffering from malignant tumors often experience poor prognoses and short survival periods. Thus far, significant efforts have been conducted to discover novel and more effective modalities. To that end, modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has attracted tremendous interest since it affects the homeostasis of proteins critically engaged in various cell functions, for example, cell metabolism, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. With their safe and multimodal actions, phytochemicals are among the promising therapeutic tools capable of turning the operation of various UPS elements. The present review, along with an updated outline of the role of UPS dysregulation in multiple cancers, provided a detailed discussion on the impact of phytochemicals on the UPS function in malignancies, especially brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Experimental and Animal Study Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Seyed Sajad Ahmadi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam-Ol-Anbia Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Dual roles of TRIM3 in colorectal cancer by retaining p53 in the cytoplasm to decrease its nuclear expression. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:85. [PMID: 36894560 PMCID: PMC9998637 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01386-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a very heterogeneous disease caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. P53, as a frequent mutation gene, plays a critical role in the adenoma-carcinoma transition during the tumorous pathological process. Our team discovered TRIM3 as a tumor-associated gene in CRC by high-content screening techniques. TRIM3 demonstrated both tumor-suppressive and tumorigenic features in cell experiments dependent on the cell status of wild or mutant p53. TRIM3 could directly interact with the C terminus of p53 (residues 320 to 393), a common segment of wtp53 and mutp53. Moreover, TRIM3 could exert different neoplastic features by retaining p53 in the cytoplasm to decrease its nuclear expression in a wtp53 or mutp53-dependent pathway. Chemotherapy resistance develops in nearly all patients with advanced CRC and seriously limits the therapeutic efficacies of anticancer drugs. TRIM3 could reverse the chemotherapy resistance of oxaliplatin in mutp53 CRC cells by degradation of mutp53 in the nuclei to downregulate the multidrug resistance gene. Therefore, TRIM3 could be a potential therapeutic strategy to improve the survival of CRC patients with mutp53.
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Overexpression of ST7-AS1 Enhances Apoptosis and Inhibits Proliferation of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells Via microRNA-181b-5p-Dependent Inhibition Tripartite Motif Containing 3. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:477-490. [PMID: 36030355 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are of great significance in the pathogenesis and progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). LncRNA tumorigenicity 7 antisense RNA 1 (ST7-AS1) is a newly identified lncRNA serving as an oncogene or tumor suppressor in different tumors; however, the role of ST7-AS1 in PTC remains completely unknown. In this study, ST7-AS1 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of PTC cells and presented reduced expression in THCA tumors and PTC cell lines. Functional experiments revealed that overexpressed ST7-AS1 inhibited the viability and proliferation of PTC cells, whereas accelerated the apoptosis of PTC cells. The expression of miR-181b-5p was upregulated and it bound with ST7-AS1 in PTC cells. Moreover, TRIM3 exhibited downregulated expression level in PTC cells and ST7-AS1 elevated TRIM3 expression via harboring miR-181b-5p. Rescue experiments illuminated that knockdown of TRIM3 reversed ST7-AS1 overexpression-induced promotion on PTC cell proliferation and suppression on PTC cell apoptosis. Overall, overexpression of ST7-AS1 enhances apoptosis and represses proliferation of PTC cells via targeting the miR-181b-5p/TRIM3 axis, which may help broaden the horizon and establish the foundation to develop therapeutic strategies for PTC in the future.
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11
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Luo P, Liu X, Tang Z, Xiong B. Decreased expression of HBA1 and HBB genes in acute myeloid leukemia patients and their inhibitory effects on growth of K562 cells. Hematology 2022; 27:1003-1009. [DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2117186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Luo
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zehai Tang
- Department of Emergency, The Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei Xiong
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Esposito D, Dudley-Fraser J, Garza-Garcia A, Rittinger K. Divergent self-association properties of paralogous proteins TRIM2 and TRIM3 regulate their E3 ligase activity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7583. [PMID: 36481767 PMCID: PMC9732051 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins constitute a large family of RING-type E3 ligases that share a conserved domain architecture. TRIM2 and TRIM3 are paralogous class VII TRIM members that are expressed mainly in the brain and regulate different neuronal functions. Here we present a detailed structure-function analysis of TRIM2 and TRIM3, which despite high sequence identity, exhibit markedly different self-association and activity profiles. We show that the isolated RING domain of human TRIM3 is monomeric and inactive, and that this lack of activity is due to a few placental mammal-specific amino acid changes adjacent to the core RING domain that prevent self-association but not E2 recognition. We demonstrate that the activity of human TRIM3 RING can be restored by substitution with the relevant region of human TRIM2 or by hetero-dimerization with human TRIM2, establishing that subtle amino acid changes can profoundly affect TRIM protein activity. Finally, we show that TRIM2 and TRIM3 interact in a cellular context via their filamin and coiled-coil domains, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Esposito
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830Molecular Structure of Cell Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT UK
| | - Jane Dudley-Fraser
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830Molecular Structure of Cell Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT UK
| | - Acely Garza-Garcia
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830Mycobacterial Metabolism and Antibiotic Research Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT UK
| | - Katrin Rittinger
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830Molecular Structure of Cell Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT UK
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Yang X, Zhang Y, Xue Z, Hu Y, Zhou W, Xue Z, Liu X, Liu G, Li W, Liu X, Li X, Han M, Wang J. TRIM56 promotes malignant progression of glioblastoma by stabilizing cIAP1 protein. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:336. [PMID: 36471347 PMCID: PMC9724401 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tripartite motif (TRIM) family of proteins plays a key role in the developmental growth and therapeutic resistance of many tumors. However, the regulatory mechanisms and biological functions of TRIM proteins in human glioblastoma (GBM) are not yet fully understood. In this study, we focused on TRIM56, which emerged as the most differentially expressed TRIM family member with increased expression in GBM. METHODS Western blot, real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to study the expression levels of TRIM56 and cIAP1 in GBM cell lines. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) was used to explore the specific binding between target proteins and TRIM56. A xenograft animal model was used to verify the tumor promoting effect of TRIM56 on glioma in vivo. RESULTS We observed elevated expression of TRIM56 in malignant gliomas and revealed that TRIM56 promoted glioma progression in vitro and in a GBM xenograft model in nude mice. Analysis of the Human Ubiquitin Array and co-IPs showed that cIAP1 is a protein downstream of TRIM56. TRIM56 deubiquitinated cIAP1, mainly through the zinc finger domain (amino acids 21-205) of TRIM56, thereby reducing the degradation of cIAP1 and thus increasing its expression. TRIM56 also showed prognostic significance in overall survival of glioma patients. CONCLUSIONS TRIM56-regulated post-translational modifications may contribute to glioma development through stabilization of cIAP1. Furthermore, TRIM56 may serve as a novel prognostic indicator and therapeutic molecular target for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Zhiwei Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Yaotian Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Blood Transfusion, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250022 China
| | - Zhiyi Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Xuemeng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Guowei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Mingzhi Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong People’s Republic of China ,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012 China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012 China ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies Vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
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Roshanazadeh MR, Adelipour M, Sanaei A, Chenane H, Rashidi M. TRIM3 and TRIM16 as potential tumor suppressors in breast cancer patients. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:312. [PMID: 36180926 PMCID: PMC9523982 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-06193-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women in many countries. Numerous factors serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in breast cancer. The large family of Tripartite-motif (TRIM) proteins with ~ 80 members has drawn attention for their role in cancer. TRIM3 and TRIM16 have shown suppressive activity in different cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of TRIM3 and TRIM16 in cancerous and normal breast samples and to investigate their association with different clinical and pathological parameters. Results qRT-PCR was utilized to determine the gene expression of TRIM3 and TRIM16. The expression of TRIM3 and TRIM16 genes in tumor samples were significantly reduced to 0.45 and 0.29 fold, respectively. TRIM3 and TRIM16 genes expression were both positively correlated with the invasion of breast cancer. TRIM3 gene expression was associated with tumors’ histological grade. However, no significant association was found between the expression of the genes and tumor size, stage and necrosis. The expression of TRIM3 and TRIM16 are significantly reduced in breast cancer tissues. Besides, the expression of both TRIM3 and TRIM16 genes significantly plummet in lymphatic/vascular and perineural invasive samples. Hence, we suggest a potential tumor suppressor role for TRIM3 and TRIM16 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Roshanazadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of clinical biochemistry, Faculty of medicine, jundishapour University of medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Adelipour
- Department of clinical biochemistry, Faculty of medicine, jundishapour University of medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arash Sanaei
- Department of clinical biochemistry, Faculty of medicine, jundishapour University of medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Chenane
- Department of clinical biochemistry, Faculty of medicine, jundishapour University of medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rashidi
- Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. .,Department of clinical biochemistry, Faculty of medicine, jundishapour University of medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Emerging Roles of TRIM Family Proteins in Gliomas Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184536. [PMID: 36139694 PMCID: PMC9496762 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Gliomas remain challenging tumors due to their increased heterogeneity, complex molecular profile, and infiltrative phenotype that are often associated with a dismal prognosis. In a constant search for molecular changes and associated mechanisms, the TRIM protein family has emerged as an important area of investigation because of the regulation of vital cellular processes involved in brain pathophysiology that may possibly lead to brain tumor development. Herein, we discuss the diverse role of TRIM proteins in glioma progression, aiming to detect potential targets for future intervention. Abstract Gliomas encompass a vast category of CNS tumors affecting both adults and children. Treatment and diagnosis are often impeded due to intratumor heterogeneity and the aggressive nature of the more malignant forms. It is therefore essential to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and explore the intracellular signaling pathways underlying tumor pathology to provide more promising diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools for gliomas. The tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) superfamily of proteins plays a key role in many physiological cellular processes, including brain development and function. Emerging evidence supports the association of TRIMs with a wide variety of cancers, exhibiting both an oncogenic as well as a tumor suppressive role depending on cancer type. In this review, we provide evidence of the pivotal role of TRIM proteins in gliomagenesis and exploit their potential as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Identification of ubiquitin-specific protease 32 as an oncogene in glioblastoma and the underlying mechanisms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6445. [PMID: 35440702 PMCID: PMC9018837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) patients present poor prognosis. Deubiquitination by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) is a critical process in cancer progression. Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) constitute the largest sub-family of DUBs. Evaluate the role of USP32 in GBM progression and provide a potential target for GBM treatment. Clinical significance of USP32 was investigated using Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Effects of USP32 on cell growth and metastasis were studied in vitro and in vivo. Differentially expressive genes between USP32-knockdown U-87 MG cells and negative control cells were detected using RNA sequencing and used for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomic pathway enrichment analyses. Finally, RT-qPCR was used to validate the divergent expression of genes involved in the enriched pathways. USP32 was upregulated in GBM patients, being correlated to poor prognosis. USP32 downregulation inhibited cell growth and metastasis in vitro. Furthermore, USP32 knockdown inhibited tumorigenesis in vivo. In addition, UPS32 was identified as a crucial regulator in different pathways including cell cycle, cellular senescence, DNA replication, base excision repair, and mismatch repair pathways. USP32 acts as an oncogene in GBM through regulating several biological processes/pathways. It could be a potential target for GBM treatment.
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Zhuang T, Wang B, Tan X, Wu L, Li X, Li Z, Cai Y, Fan R, Yang X, Zhang C, Xia Y, Niu Z, Liu B, Cao Q, Ding Y, Zhou Z, Huang Q, Yang H. TRIM3 facilitates estrogen signaling and modulates breast cancer cell progression. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:45. [PMID: 35392925 PMCID: PMC8991925 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. More than 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) alpha positive. Compared with ER alpha-negative breast cancer, which is more aggressive and has a shorter survival time, ER alpha-positive breast cancer could benefit from endocrine therapy. Selective estrogen receptor modulators, such as tamoxifen, are widely used in endocrine therapy. Approximately half of ER alpha-positive breast cancer patients will eventually develop endocrine resistance, making it a major clinical challenge in therapy. Thus, decoding the throughput of estrogen signaling, including the control of ER alpha expression and stability, is critical for the improvement of breast cancer therapeutics. METHODS TRIM3 and ER alpha protein expression levels were measured by western blotting, while the mRNA levels of ER alpha target genes were measured by RT-PCR. A CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell viability. RNA sequencing data were analyzed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Identification of ER alpha signaling activity was accomplished with luciferase assays, RT-PCR and western blotting. Protein stability assays and ubiquitin assays were used to detect ER alpha protein degradation. Ubiquitin-based immunoprecipitation assays were used to detect the specific ubiquitination modification on the ER alpha protein. RESULTS In our current study, we found that TRIM3, an E3 ligase, can promote ER alpha signaling activity and breast cancer progression. TRIM3 depletion inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation and migration, while unbiased RNA sequencing data indicated that TRIM3 is required for the activity of estrogen signaling on the -genome-wide scale. The immunoprecipitation assays indicated that TRIM3 associates with ER alpha and promotes its stability, possibly by inducing K63-linked polyubiquitination of ER alpha. In conclusion, our data implicate a nongenomic mechanism by which TRIM3 stabilizes the ER alpha protein to control ER alpha target gene expression linked to breast cancer progression. CONCLUSION Our study provides a novel posttranslational mechanism in estrogen signaling. Modulation of TRIM3 expression or function could be an interesting approach for breast cancer treatment. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhuang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Tan
- Department of Oncology, Dong Ying People' S Hospital, Dongying, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Wu
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongbo Li
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Cai
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Fan
- Department of Bioscience and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Xiao Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenmiao Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xia
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Niu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingtian Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Cao
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinlu Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhipeng Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingsong Huang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huijie Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Deng Y, Shi Y, Wen C. TRIM3 Inhibits H 2O 2-Induced Apoptosis in Human Lens Epithelial Cells by Decreasing p53 via Ubiquitination. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:747-752. [PMID: 35317686 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cataract is a leading visual disease characterized by enhanced oxidative stress and increased apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs). TRIM3 is a tumor suppressor in many cancers. However, its role in cataract remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of TRIM3 in H2O2-injured HLECs and the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS HLECs were treated with different H2O2 concentrations to induce apoptosis. A lentivirus was designed to overexpress TRIM3 and p53, and TRIM3 knockdown was prepared. A P53 inhibitor, PFTα, was used to knockdown p53. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8 and flow cytometric analyses, respectively. TRIM3, p53, Bcl2, and Bax expression levels were determined by qRT-qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS It was found that H2O2-treated HLECs had markedly decreased cell viability and TRIM3 expression. TRIM3 overexpression attenuated the H2O2-induced HLEC apoptosis, while TRIM3 knockdown promoted it. P53, a downstream target of TRIM3, was found to be negatively regulated by TRIM3 via ubiquitination in HLECs. Furthermore, p53 overexpression abolished the effect of TRIM3 overexpression on H2O2-induced HLEC apoptosis, while PFTα alleviated the TRIM3 knockdown-mediated HLEC apoptosis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that TRIM3 inhibited the H2O2-induced apoptosis of HLECs by decreasing p53 via ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Deng
- Department of Ophtalmology, Shanghai Eighth People Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Department of Ophtalmology, Shanghai Eighth People Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenting Wen
- Department of Ophtalmology, Shanghai Eighth People Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Wang F, Wang W, Wu X, Tang C, Du F, Lu Z, Zhang Z, Xu H, Cao X, Li PA. Downregulation of TRIM33 Promotes Survival and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Gastric Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221114505. [PMID: 35929141 PMCID: PMC9358585 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221114505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Among all malignancies worldwide, gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer with the third highest mortality rate. One of the main reasons for the low survival rate is the recurrence and metastasis that occurs in many patients after surgery. Numerous studies have shown that abnormal TRIM33 expression is associated with the progression of malignant tumors. TRIM33 can function either as a tumor suppressor or tumor promoter in different cancers. Our data showed that TRIM33 was highly expressed in stomach cancer, and in human gastric cancer tissues, low expression of TRIM33 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. To clarify the function of TRIM33 in survival and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells, we investigated the effect of TRIM33 knockdown in several gastric cancer cell lines. Downregulation of TRIM33 in BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells enhanced the proliferation, colony formation, and migratory ability of these gastric cancer cells. It also promoted epithelial–mesenchymal transition; transfection of cells with siRNA targeting TRIM33 led to the upregulation of vimentin and N-Cadherin expression, and downregulation of E-Cadherin expression. Meanwhile, the transforming growth factor beta pathway was activated: levels of transforming growth factor beta were elevated and the expressions of p-Smad2, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 were activated. To confirm the role of TRIM33 in vivo, a xenograft model was established in nude mice. Immunohistochemical analysis identified that the protein levels of TRIM33, p-Smad2, Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, vimentin, and N-Cadherin were increased, and E-Cadherin levels were decreased, in xenograft tumors from the si-TRIM33 group. Taken together, these results suggest that TRIM33 may be a potential marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer. Furthermore, it may also serve as a novel target for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical School, 105002Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoting Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Cui Tang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical School, 105002Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Fang Du
- School of Information Engineering, 56693Ningxia University, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhiguo Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhuoyang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical School, 105002Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical School, 105002Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiangmei Cao
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical School, 105002Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - P Andy Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technological Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
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Tripartite Motif Containing 3 inhibits the aggressive behaviors of papillary thyroid carcinoma and indicates lower recurrence risk. Genes Genomics 2021; 44:455-465. [PMID: 34860317 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tripartite Motif Containing 3 (TRIM3) has been reported to be downregulated in several malignancies. However, its prognostic significance in thyroid cancer remains unknown. OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to investigate TRIM3's expression and its involvement in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS Clinicopathological analyses were performed in patients with PTC. Expression of TRIM3 protein was evaluated by IHC. The prognostic role of TRIM3 in PTC patients was assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Cell proliferation and invasion were tested in two PTC cell lines following overexpression or knockdown. RESULTS TRIM3 was decreased in PTC tissues compared to adjacent thyroid tissues on both mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, low expression of TRIM3 was significantly related to tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. Moreover, TRIM3 was identified as an independent prognosis factor by multivariate analysis. Cellular data revealed that TRIM3 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of PTC cells. Consistently, TRIM3 can upregulate the expression level of E-cadherin, while downregulate N-cadherin, Vimentin, and cyclin D1 expression. CONCLUSIONS TRIM3 expression was downregulated in PTC tissues comparing with that in adjacent nontumorous thyroid tissues. Lower TRIM3 expression in PTC can contribute independently to a poorer prognosis by enhancing PTC proliferation and invasion, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker.
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21
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She W, Shao J, Jia R. Targeting Splicing Factor SRSF6 for Cancer Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:780023. [PMID: 34917618 PMCID: PMC8669609 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.780023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is an emerging cancer hallmark. Many cancer-associated genes undergo alternative splicing to produce multiple isoforms with diverse or even antagonistic functions. Oncogenic isoforms are often up-regulated, whereas tumor suppressive isoforms are down-regulated during tumorigenesis. Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6 (SRSF6) is an important splicing factor that regulates the alternative splicing of hundreds of target genes, including many cancer-associated genes. The potential roles of SRSF6 in cancers have attracted increasing attentions in the past decade. Accumulated pieces of evidence have shown that SRSF6 is a potential oncogenic gene that promotes oncogenic splicing when overexpressed. Targeting SRSF6 may suppress tumorigenesis. In this review, we describe the gene, mRNA, and protein structure of SRSF6; summarize the current understanding of the expression, functions, and regulatory mechanisms of SRSF6 during tumorigenesis; and discuss the potential application of targeting SRSF6 in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting She
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Mohammadi A, Pour Abbasi MS, Khorrami S, Khodamoradi S, Mohammadi Goldar Z, Ebrahimzadeh F. The TRIM proteins in cancer: from expression to emerging regulatory mechanisms. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 24:460-470. [PMID: 34643877 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02715-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New clinical evidence suggests that dysregulation of the ubiquitin-mediated destruction of tumor suppressors or oncogene products is probably engaged in the etiology of leukemia and carcinoma. The superfamily of tripartite motif (TRIM)-containing protein family is among the biggest recognized single protein RING finger E3 ubiquitin ligases that are considered vital carcinogenesis regulators, which is not shocking since TRIM proteins are engaged in various biological processes, including cell growth, development, and differentiation; hence, TRIM proteins' alterations may influence apoptosis, cell proliferation, and transcriptional regulation. In this review article, the various mechanisms through which TRIM proteins exert their role in the most prevalent malignancies including lung, prostate, colorectal, liver, breast, brain cancer, and leukemia are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mohammadi
- Department of Genetics Islamic, Azad University of Marand, Marand, Iran
| | | | - S Khorrami
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Khodamoradi
- Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z Mohammadi Goldar
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - F Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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23
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Gheyas AA, Vallejo-Trujillo A, Kebede A, Lozano-Jaramillo M, Dessie T, Smith J, Hanotte O. Integrated Environmental and Genomic Analysis Reveals the Drivers of Local Adaptation in African Indigenous Chickens. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:4268-4285. [PMID: 34021753 PMCID: PMC8476150 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breeding for climate resilience is currently an important goal for sustainable livestock production. Local adaptations exhibited by indigenous livestock allow investigating the genetic control of this resilience. Ecological niche modeling (ENM) provides a powerful avenue to identify the main environmental drivers of selection. Here, we applied an integrative approach combining ENM with genome-wide selection signature analyses (XPEHH and Fst) and genotype-environment association (redundancy analysis), with the aim of identifying the genomic signatures of adaptation in African village chickens. By dissecting 34 agro-climatic variables from the ecosystems of 25 Ethiopian village chicken populations, ENM identified six key drivers of environmental challenges: One temperature variable-strongly correlated with elevation, three precipitation variables as proxies for water availability, and two soil/land cover variables as proxies of food availability for foraging chickens. Genome analyses based on whole-genome sequencing (n = 245), identified a few strongly supported genomic regions under selection for environmental challenges related to altitude, temperature, water scarcity, and food availability. These regions harbor several gene clusters including regulatory genes, suggesting a predominantly oligogenic control of environmental adaptation. Few candidate genes detected in relation to heat-stress, indicates likely epigenetic regulation of thermo-tolerance for a domestic species originating from a tropical Asian wild ancestor. These results provide possible explanations for the rapid past adaptation of chickens to diverse African agro-ecologies, while also representing new landmarks for sustainable breeding improvement for climate resilience. We show that the pre-identification of key environmental drivers, followed by genomic investigation, provides a powerful new approach for elucidating adaptation in domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almas A Gheyas
- Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Adriana Vallejo-Trujillo
- Cells, Organism and Molecular Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Adebabay Kebede
- LiveGene—CTLGH, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Maria Lozano-Jaramillo
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tadelle Dessie
- LiveGene—CTLGH, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Jacqueline Smith
- Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Olivier Hanotte
- Cells, Organism and Molecular Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- LiveGene—CTLGH, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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24
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Tripartite motif-containing 3 (TRIM3) enhances ER signaling and confers tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:60. [PMID: 34508066 PMCID: PMC8433133 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00350-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen resistance remains a clinical problem in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. SUMOylation of ERα enhances ERα-induced transcription activity. Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins are a new class of SUMO E3 ligases, which regulate the SUMOylation of proteins. However, the precise molecular mechanism and function of TRIM3 in SUMOylation and the response to tamoxifen remain unclear. In the present study, we observed that TRIM3 was dramatically overexpressed in breast cancer, which correlated with tamoxifen resistance. Furthermore, TRIM3 overexpression significantly correlated with poor survival of patients with ER+ breast cancer treated with tamoxifen. TRIM3 overexpression conferred cell survival and tumorigenesis, whereas knocking down of TRIM3 reduced these capabilities. Moreover, TRIM3, as a ubiquitin carrier protein 9 (UBC9) binding protein, promoted SUMO modification of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and activated the ER pathway. Silencing UBC9 abolished the function of TRIM3 in regulating tamoxifen resistance. These results suggest TRIM3 as a novel biomarker for breast cancer therapy, indicating that inhibiting TRIM3 combined with tamoxifen might provide a potential treatment for breast cancer.
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25
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Cheung RA, Kraft AM, Petty HR. Relocation of phosphofructokinases within epithelial cells is a novel event preceding breast cancer recurrence that accurately predicts patient outcomes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C654-C670. [PMID: 34348486 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00176.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Although recurrent cancers are often aggressive, little is known about the intracellular events required for cancer recurrences. Due to this lack of mechanistic information, there is no test to predict cancer recurrences or non-recurrences during early stages of disease. In this retrospective study, we use ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast as a framework to better understand the mechanism of cancer recurrences using patient outcomes as the physiological observable. Conventional pathology slides were labeled with anti-phosphofructokinase type L (PFKL) and anti-phosphofructokinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase type 4 (PFKFB4) reagents. PFKL and PFKFB4 were found in ductal epithelial cell nucleoli from DCIS samples of women who did not experience a cancer recurrence. In contrast, PFKL and PFKFB4 may be found near the plasma membrane in samples from patients who will develop recurrent cancer. Using machine learning to predict patient outcomes, holdout studies of individual patient micrographs for the three biomarkers PFKL, PFKFB4, and phosphorylated GLUT1 demonstrated 38.6% true negatives, 49.5% true positives, 11.9% false positives and 0% false negatives (N=101). A sub-population of recurrent samples demonstrated PFKL, PFKFB4, and phosphorylated glucose transporter 1 accumulation at the apical surface of epithelial cells, suggesting that carbohydrates can be harvested from the ducts' luminal spaces as an energy source. We suggest that PFK isotype patterns are metabolic switches representing key mechanistic steps of recurrences. Furthermore, PFK enzyme patterns within epithelial cells contribute to an accurate diagnostic test to classify DCIS patients as high or low recurrence risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Cheung
- Dept. of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Alexandra M Kraft
- Dept. of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Howard R Petty
- Dept. of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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26
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Ubiquitination, Biotech Startups, and the Future of TRIM Family Proteins: A TRIM-Endous Opportunity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051015. [PMID: 33923045 PMCID: PMC8146955 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that has pivotal roles in protein degradation and diversified cellular processes, and for more than two decades it has been a subject of interest in the biotech or biopharmaceutical industry. Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins are known to have proven E3 ubiquitin ligase activities and are involved in a multitude of cellular and physiological events and pathophysiological conditions ranging from cancers to rare genetic disorders. Although in recent years many kinds of E3 ubiquitin ligases have emerged as the preferred choices of big pharma and biotech startups in the context of protein degradation and disease biology, from a surface overview it appears that TRIM E3 ubiquitin ligases are not very well recognized yet in the realm of drug discovery. This article will review some of the blockbuster scientific discoveries and technological innovations from the world of ubiquitination and E3 ubiquitin ligases that have impacted the biopharma community, from biotech colossuses to startups, and will attempt to evaluate the future of TRIM family proteins in the province of E3 ubiquitin ligase-based drug discovery.
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27
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Sutcliffe MD, Galvao RP, Wang L, Kim J, Rosenfeld LK, Singh S, Zong H, Janes KA. Premalignant Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Stall in a Heterogeneous State of Replication Stress Prior to Gliomagenesis. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1868-1882. [PMID: 33531372 PMCID: PMC8137536 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer evolves from premalignant clones that adopt unusual cell states to achieve transformation. We previously pinpointed the oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) as a cell of origin for glioma, but the early changes of mutant OPCs during premalignancy remained unknown. Using mice engineered for inducible Nf1-Trp53 loss in OPCs, we acutely isolated labeled mutant OPCs by laser-capture microdissection, determined global gene-expression changes by bulk RNA sequencing, and compared with cell-state fluctuations at the single-cell level by stochastic profiling, which uses RNA-sequencing measurements from random pools of 10 mutant cells. At 12 days after Nf1-Trp53 deletion, bulk differences were mostly limited to mitotic hallmarks and genes for ribosome biosynthesis, and stochastic profiling revealed a spectrum of stem-progenitor (Axl, Aldh1a1), proneural, and mesenchymal states as potential starting points for gliomagenesis. At 90 days, bulk sequencing detected few differentially expressed transcripts, whereas stochastic profiling revealed cell states for neurons and mural cells that do not give rise to glial tumors, suggesting cellular dead-ends for gliomagenesis. Importantly, mutant OPCs that strongly expressed key effectors of nonsense-mediated decay (Upf3b) and homology-dependent DNA repair (Rad51c, Slx1b, Ercc4) were identified along with DNA-damage markers, suggesting transcription-associated replication stress. Analysis of 10-cell transcriptomes at 90 days identified a locus of elevated gene expression containing an additional repair endonuclease (Mus81) and Rin1, a Ras-Raf antagonist and possible counterbalance to Nf1 loss, which was microdeleted or downregulated in gliomas at 150 days. These hidden cell-state variations uncover replication stress as a potential bottleneck that must be resolved for glioma initiation. SIGNIFICANCE: Profiling premalignant cell states in a mouse model of glioma uncovers regulatory heterogeneity in glioma cells-of-origin and defines a state of replication stress that precedes tumor initiation.See related articles by Singh and colleagues, p. 1840 and Schaff and colleagues, p. 1853.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Sutcliffe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Rui P Galvao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jungeun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Lauren K Rosenfeld
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Shambhavi Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Hui Zong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
| | - Kevin A Janes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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28
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Hitomi M, Chumakova AP, Silver DJ, Knudsen AM, Pontius WD, Murphy S, Anand N, Kristensen BW, Lathia JD. Asymmetric cell division promotes therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma stem cells. JCI Insight 2021; 6:130510. [PMID: 33351787 PMCID: PMC7934841 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric cell division (ACD) enables the maintenance of a stem cell population while simultaneously generating differentiated progeny. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) undergo multiple modes of cell division during tumor expansion and in response to therapy, yet the functional consequences of these division modes remain to be determined. Using a fluorescent reporter for cell surface receptor distribution during mitosis, we found that ACD generated a daughter cell with enhanced therapeutic resistance and increased coenrichment of EGFR and neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) from a glioblastoma CSC. Stimulation of both receptors antagonized differentiation induction and promoted self-renewal capacity. p75NTR knockdown enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of EGFR inhibition, indicating that coinheritance of p75NTR and EGFR promotes resistance to EGFR inhibition through a redundant mechanism. These data demonstrate that ACD produces progeny with coenriched growth factor receptors, which contributes to the generation of a more therapeutically resistant CSC population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hitomi
- Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Anastasia P Chumakova
- Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel J Silver
- Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Arnon M Knudsen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - W Dean Pontius
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephanie Murphy
- Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Neha Anand
- Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bjarne W Kristensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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29
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LNX1 Modulates Notch1 Signaling to Promote Expansion of the Glioma Stem Cell Population during Temozolomide Therapy in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123505. [PMID: 33255632 PMCID: PMC7759984 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma is the most common adult malignant brain tumor. It is an aggressive tumor that returns even after surgical removal and temozolomide-based chemotherapy and radiation. Our goal was to understand what genes are altered by temozolomide and how those genes may contribute to tumor return. Our work shows that one of the genes altered is LNX1, which increases the expression of Notch1, a gene important for glioblastoma progression. We further showed that the elevation of LNX1 and Notch1 results in an increase in the tumor stem cell population, a subpopulation of cells thought to help propagate a more aggressive tumor. Finally, we showed that forced reduction in LNX1 expression results in increased survival of animals implanted with glioblastoma. Together, these results suggest that LNX1 may be a novel therapeutic target that would allow modulation of Notch1 activity and the stem cell population, potentially resulting in increased patient survival. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain malignancy in adults, with a 100% recurrence rate and 21-month median survival. Our lab and others have shown that GBM contains a subpopulation of glioma stem cells (GSCs) that expand during chemotherapy and may contribute to therapeutic resistance and recurrence in GBM. To investigate the mechanism behind this expansion, we applied gene set expression analysis (GSEA) to patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells in response to temozolomide (TMZ), the most commonly used chemotherapy against GBM. Results showed significant enrichment of cancer stem cell and cell cycle pathways (False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.25). The ligand of numb protein 1 (LNX1), a known regulator of Notch signaling by targeting negative regulator Numb, is strongly upregulated after TMZ therapy (p < 0.0001) and is negatively correlated with survival of GBM patients. LNX1 is also upregulated after TMZ therapy in multiple PDX lines with concomitant downregulations in Numb and upregulations in intracellular Notch1 (NICD). Overexpression of LNX1 results in Notch1 signaling activation and increased GSC populations. In contrast, knocking down LNX1 reverses these changes, causing a significant downregulation of NICD, reduction in stemness after TMZ therapy, and resulting in more prolonged median survival in a mouse model. Based on this, we propose that during anti-GBM chemotherapy, LNX1-regulated Notch1 signaling promotes stemness and contributes to therapeutic resistance.
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Scholz N, Kurian KM, Siebzehnrubl FA, Licchesi JDF. Targeting the Ubiquitin System in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:574011. [PMID: 33324551 PMCID: PMC7724090 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.574011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor in adults with poor overall outcome and 5-year survival of less than 5%. Treatment has not changed much in the last decade or so, with surgical resection and radio/chemotherapy being the main options. Glioblastoma is highly heterogeneous and frequently becomes treatment-resistant due to the ability of glioblastoma cells to adopt stem cell states facilitating tumor recurrence. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. The ubiquitin system, in particular E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes, have emerged as a promising source of novel drug targets. In addition to conventional small molecule drug discovery approaches aimed at modulating enzyme activity, several new and exciting strategies are also being explored. Among these, PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) aim to harness the endogenous protein turnover machinery to direct therapeutically relevant targets, including previously considered "undruggable" ones, for proteasomal degradation. PROTAC and other strategies targeting the ubiquitin proteasome system offer new therapeutic avenues which will expand the drug development toolboxes for glioblastoma. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes in the context of glioblastoma and their involvement in core signaling pathways including EGFR, TGF-β, p53 and stemness-related pathways. Finally, we offer new insights into how these ubiquitin-dependent mechanisms could be exploited therapeutically for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Scholz
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Kathreena M. Kurian
- Brain Tumour Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Florian A. Siebzehnrubl
- Cardiff University School of Biosciences, European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Beast cancer is the most common women cancer worldwide, while two third of them are ER alpha positive breast cancer. Among the ER alpha positive breast cancer, about 80% are P53 wild type, indicating the potential tumor suppression role in ER alpha positive breast cancer. Since P53 is an important safeguard to inhibit cell malignant transformation, reactivating P53 signaling could a plausible approach to treat breast cancer. METHODS TRIM3 protein levels were measured by western blot, while the P53 classical target genes were measured by real-time PCR. WST1 assay were used to measure cell proliferation, while cleaved caspase-3 was used to detect cell apoptosis. Protein stability and ubiquitin assay were used to detect the P53 protein ubiquitin and stability. The immuno-precipitation assays were used to detect the protein interactions. Immuno-staining was used to detect the protein localization of P53 and TRIM3, while the ubiquitin-based immuno-precipitation assays were used to detect the specific ubiquitination manner of P53. RESULTS In our study, we identified TRIM3 as an endogenous inhibitor for P53 signaling. TRIM3 depletion inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. In addition, TRIM3 depletion increased P53 protein level in breast cancer cell. Further investigation showed that TRIM3 could associate with P53 and promote P53 K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation. CONCLUSION Our study identified a novel post-translational modification mechanism between TRIM3 and P53. TRIM3 depletion or blockage could be a promising strategy to rescue P53 signaling and inhibit breast cancer progression.
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32
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Izumi H, Kaneko Y, Nakagawara A. The Role of MYCN in Symmetric vs. Asymmetric Cell Division of Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:570815. [PMID: 33194665 PMCID: PMC7609879 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.570815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric cell division (ACD) is an important physiological event in the development of various organisms and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. ACD produces two different cells in a single cell division: a stem/progenitor cell and differentiated cell. Although the balance between self-renewal and differentiation is precisely controlled, disruptions to ACD and/or enhancements in the self-renewal division (symmetric cell division: SCD) of stem cells resulted in the formation of tumors in Drosophila neuroblasts. ACD is now regarded as one of the characteristics of human cancer stem cells, and is a driving force for cancer cell heterogeneity. We recently reported that MYCN controls the balance between SCD and ACD in human neuroblastoma cells. In this mini-review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying MYCN-mediated cell division fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Izumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, Saga-Ken Medical Centre Koseikan, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kaneko
- Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
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33
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MYC in Brain Development and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207742. [PMID: 33092025 PMCID: PMC7588885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The MYC family of transcriptional regulators play significant roles in animal development, including the renewal and maintenance of stem cells. Not surprisingly, given MYC's capacity to promote programs of proliferative cell growth, MYC is frequently upregulated in cancer. Although members of the MYC family are upregulated in nervous system tumours, the mechanisms of how elevated MYC promotes stem cell-driven brain cancers is unknown. If we are to determine how increased MYC might contribute to brain cancer progression, we will require a more complete understanding of MYC's roles during normal brain development. Here, we evaluate evidence for MYC family functions in neural stem cell fate and brain development, with a view to better understand mechanisms of MYC-driven neural malignancies.
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34
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Abstract
Stem cells including cancer stem cells (CSC) divide symmetrically or asymmetrically. Usually symmetric cell division makes two daughter cells of the same fate, either as stem cells or more differentiated progenies; while asymmetric cell division (ACD) produces daughter cells of different fates. In this review, we first provide an overview of ACD, and then discuss more molecular details of ACD using the well-characterized Drosophila neuroblast system as an example. Aiming to explore the connections between cell heterogeneity in cancers and the critical need of ACD for self-renewal and generating cell diversity, we then examine how cell division symmetry control impacts common features associated with CSCs, including niche competition, cancer dormancy, drug resistance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reverse process mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), and cancer stem cell plasticity. As CSC may underlie resistance to therapy and cancer metastasis, understanding how cell division mode is selected and executed in these cells will provide possible strategies to target CSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreemita Majumdar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Song-Tao Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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35
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Williams FP, Haubrich K, Perez-Borrajero C, Hennig J. Emerging RNA-binding roles in the TRIM family of ubiquitin ligases. Biol Chem 2020; 400:1443-1464. [PMID: 31120853 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
TRIM proteins constitute a large, diverse and ancient protein family which play a key role in processes including cellular differentiation, autophagy, apoptosis, DNA repair, and tumour suppression. Mostly known and studied through the lens of their ubiquitination activity as E3 ligases, it has recently emerged that many of these proteins are involved in direct RNA binding through their NHL or PRY/SPRY domains. We summarise the current knowledge concerning the mechanism of RNA binding by TRIM proteins and its biological role. We discuss how RNA-binding relates to their previously described functions such as E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and we will consider the potential role of enrichment in membrane-less organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Preston Williams
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for Joint PhD Degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kevin Haubrich
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for Joint PhD Degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cecilia Perez-Borrajero
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Janosch Hennig
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany, e-mail:
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36
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Rastegari E, Kajal K, Tan BS, Huang F, Chen RH, Hsieh TS, Hsu HJ. WD40 protein Wuho controls germline homeostasis via TRIM-NHL tumor suppressor Mei-p26 in Drosophila. Development 2020; 147:147/2/dev182063. [PMID: 31941704 DOI: 10.1242/dev.182063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
WD40 proteins control many cellular processes via protein interactions. Drosophila Wuho (Wh, a WD40 protein) controls fertility, although the involved mechanisms are unclear. Here, we show that Wh promotion of Mei-p26 (a human TRIM32 ortholog) function maintains ovarian germ cell homeostasis. Wh and Mei-p26 are epistatically linked, with wh and mei-p26 mutants showing nearly identical phenotypes, including germline stem cell (GSC) loss, stem-cyst formation due to incomplete cytokinesis between GSCs and daughter cells, and overproliferation of GSC progeny. Mechanistically, Wh interacts with Mei-p26 in different cellular contexts to induce cell type-specific effects. In GSCs, Wh and Mei-p26 promote BMP stemness signaling for proper GSC division and maintenance. In GSC progeny, Wh and Mei-p26 silence nanos translation, downregulate a subset of microRNAs involved in germ cell differentiation and suppress ribosomal biogenesis via dMyc to limit germ cell mitosis. We also found that the human ortholog of Wh (WDR4) interacts with TRIM32 in human cells. Our results show that Wh is a regulator of Mei-p26 in Drosophila germ cells and suggest that the WD40-TRIM interaction may also control tissue homeostasis in other stem cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Rastegari
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kreeti Kajal
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Boon-Shing Tan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fu Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ruey-Hwa Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tao-Shieh Hsieh
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hwei-Jan Hsu
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C .,Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C
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37
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Koguchi M, Nakahara Y, Ito H, Wakamiya T, Yoshioka F, Ogata A, Inoue K, Masuoka J, Izumi H, Abe T. BMP4 induces asymmetric cell division in human glioma stem-like cells. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:1247-1254. [PMID: 31966054 PMCID: PMC6956386 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant tumor with a high recurrence rate and has very poor prognosis in humans. The median survival is still <2 years. Therefore, a new treatment strategy should be established. Recently, this cancer has been thought to be heterogeneous, consisting of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are self-renewable, multipotent, and treatment resistant. So various strategies targeting glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) have been investigated. This study focused on strategies targeting GSCs through the induction of differentiation using bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). The expression of CD133, a cancer stem cell marker, under BMP4 treatment in GSCs was examined using flow cytometry, western blotting, and quantitative PCR. Immunofluorescent staining of GSCs was also performed to examine the type of cell division: asymmetric cell division (ACD) or symmetric cell division (SCD). We obtained the following results. The BMP4 treatment caused downregulation of CD133 expression. Moreover, it induced ACD in GSCs. While the ACD ratio was 23% without BMP4 treatment, it was 38% with BMP4 treatment (P=0.004). Furthermore, the tumor sphere assay demonstrated that BMP4 suppresses self-renewal ability. In conclusion, these findings may provide a new perspective on how BMP4 treatment reduces the tumorigenicity of GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motofumi Koguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nakahara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Tomihiro Wakamiya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Yoshioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Kohei Inoue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Masuoka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hideki Izumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, Saga Medical Center KOSEIKAN, Saga 840-8571, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Abe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
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38
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Mukherjee S, Tucker-Burden C, Kaissi E, Newsam A, Duggireddy H, Chau M, Zhang C, Diwedi B, Rupji M, Seby S, Kowalski J, Kong J, Read R, Brat DJ. CDK5 Inhibition Resolves PKA/cAMP-Independent Activation of CREB1 Signaling in Glioma Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2019; 23:1651-1664. [PMID: 29742423 PMCID: PMC5987254 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells promote neoplastic growth, in part by deregulating asymmetric cell division and enhancing self-renewal. To uncover mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets in glioma stem cell (GSC) self-renewal, we performed a genetic suppressor screen for kinases to reverse the tumor phenotype of our Drosophila brain tumor model and identified dCdk5 as a critical regulator. CDK5, the human ortholog of dCdk5 (79% identity), is aberrantly activated in GBMs and tightly aligned with both chromosome 7 gains and stem cell markers affecting tumor-propagation. Our investigation revealed that pharmaceutical inhibition of CDK5 prevents GSC self-renewal in vitro and in xenografted tumors, at least partially by suppressing CREB1 activation independently of PKA/cAMP. Finally, our TCGA GBM data analysis revealed that CDK5, stem cell, and asymmetric cell division markers segregate within non-mesenchymal patient clusters, which may indicate preferential dependence on CDK5 signaling and sensitivity to its inhibition in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhas Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Carol Tucker-Burden
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Emily Kaissi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Austin Newsam
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Monica Chau
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Changming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bhakti Diwedi
- Winship Cancer Institute Bioinformatics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Manali Rupji
- Winship Cancer Institute Bioinformatics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sandra Seby
- Winship Cancer Institute Bioinformatics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jeanne Kowalski
- Winship Cancer Institute Bioinformatics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jun Kong
- Department of Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Renee Read
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Daniel J Brat
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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39
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Zou Y, Jing L. Identification of key modules and prognostic markers in adrenocortical carcinoma by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3673-3681. [PMID: 31516579 PMCID: PMC6733001 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive cancer with a high relapse rate and limited treatment options. Therefore, the identification of potential prognostic markers in patients with ACC may improve early detection, survival rates and may additionally provide novel insights into the early detection of recurrence. In the present study, clinical traits and RNA-seq data of 79 patients with ACC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was carried out and 17 distinct co-expression modules were built to examine the association between the modules and the clinical traits. Of the 17 modules, two co-expression modules, which contained 214 and 168 genes, were significantly correlated with two clinical traits, tumor stage and vital status. Functional enrichment analysis was performed on the selected modules. The results showed that one of the modules was primarily enriched in cell division and the other module was enriched in metabolic pathways, suggesting their involvement in tumor progression. Furthermore, cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and ubiquitin C (UBC) were identified as hub genes in both modules. Survival analysis revealed that the high expression of the hub genes significantly correlated with the poor survival rate of patients, suggesting that CDK1 and UBC have vital roles in the progression of ACC. In the present study, a co-expression gene module of ACC was provided and the prognostic genes that may serve as new diagnostic markers in the future were defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zou
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Hanchuan, Hanchuan, Hubei 431600, P.R. China
| | - Luanlian Jing
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Hanchuan, Hanchuan, Hubei 431600, P.R. China
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40
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Mirzoyan Z, Sollazzo M, Allocca M, Valenza AM, Grifoni D, Bellosta P. Drosophila melanogaster: A Model Organism to Study Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:51. [PMID: 30881374 PMCID: PMC6405444 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multistep disease driven by the activation of specific oncogenic pathways concomitantly with the loss of function of tumor suppressor genes that act as sentinels to control physiological growth. The conservation of most of these signaling pathways in Drosophila, and the ability to easily manipulate them genetically, has made the fruit fly a useful model organism to study cancer biology. In this review we outline the basic mechanisms and signaling pathways conserved between humans and flies responsible of inducing uncontrolled growth and cancer development. Second, we describe classic and novel Drosophila models used to study different cancers, with the objective to discuss their strengths and limitations on their use to identify signals driving growth cell autonomously and within organs, drug discovery and for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhasmine Mirzoyan
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Manuela Sollazzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Allocca
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Grifoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Bellosta
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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41
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Bazzoni R, Bentivegna A. Role of Notch Signaling Pathway in Glioblastoma Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030292. [PMID: 30832246 PMCID: PMC6468848 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that regulates important biological processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, self-renewal, and differentiation. In mammals, Notch signaling is composed of four receptors (Notch1–4) and five ligands (Dll1-3–4, Jagged1–2) that mainly contribute to the development and maintenance of the central nervous system (CNS). Neural stem cells (NSCs) are the starting point for neurogenesis and other neurological functions, representing an essential aspect for the homeostasis of the CNS. Therefore, genetic and functional alterations to NSCs can lead to the development of brain tumors, including glioblastoma. Glioblastoma remains an incurable disease, and the reason for the failure of current therapies and tumor relapse is the presence of a small subpopulation of tumor cells known as glioma stem cells (GSCs), characterized by their stem cell-like properties and aggressive phenotype. Growing evidence reveals that Notch signaling is highly active in GSCs, where it suppresses differentiation and maintains stem-like properties, contributing to Glioblastoma tumorigenesis and conventional-treatment resistance. In this review, we try to give a comprehensive view of the contribution of Notch signaling to Glioblastoma and its possible implication as a target for new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Bazzoni
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Pz.le Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy.
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
- NeuroMi, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Angela Bentivegna
- NeuroMi, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy.
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42
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Chen AS, Read RD. Drosophila melanogaster as a Model System for Human Glioblastomas. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1167:207-224. [PMID: 31520357 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23629-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant adult brain tumor. Genomic amplifications, activating mutations, and overexpression of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) such as EGFR, and genes in core RTK signaling transduction pathways such as PI3K are common in GBM. However, efforts to target these pathways have been largely unsuccessful in the clinic, and the median survival of GBM patients remains poor at 14-15 months. Therefore, to improve patient outcomes, there must be a concerted effort to elucidate the underlying biology involved in GBM tumorigenesis. Drosophila melanogaster has been a highly effective model for furthering our understanding of GBM tumorigenesis due to a number of experimental advantages it has over traditional mouse models. For example, there exists extensive cellular and genetic homology between humans and Drosophila, and 75% of genes associated with human disease have functional fly orthologs. To take advantage of these traits, we developed a Drosophila GBM model with constitutively active variants of EGFR and PI3K that effectively recapitulated key aspects of GBM disease. Researchers have utilized this model in forward genetic screens and have expanded on its functionality to make a number of important discoveries regarding requirements for key components in GBM tumorigenesis, including genes and pathways involved in extracellular matrix signaling, glycolytic metabolism, invasion/migration, stem cell fate and differentiation, and asymmetric cell division. Drosophila will continue to reveal novel biological pathways and mechanisms involved in gliomagenesis, and this knowledge may contribute to the development of effective treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Renee D Read
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Winship Cancer Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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43
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Abstract
Although we have come a long way in our understanding of the signals that drive cancer growth, and how these signals can be targeted, effective control of this disease remains a key scientific and medical challenge. The therapy resistance and relapse that are commonly seen are driven in large part by the inherent heterogeneity within cancers that allows drugs to effectively eliminate some, but not all, malignant cells. Here, we focus on the fundamental drivers of this heterogeneity by examining emerging evidence that shows that these traits are often controlled by the disruption of normal cell fate and aberrant adoption of stem cell signals. We discuss how undifferentiated cells are preferentially primed for transformation and often serve as the cell of origin for cancers. We also consider evidence showing that activation of stem cell programmes in cancers can lead to progression, therapy resistance and metastatic growth and that targeting these attributes may enable better control over a difficult disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki K Lytle
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alison G Barber
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tannishtha Reya
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Moores Cancer Center, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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44
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Ramazzotti D, Lal A, Wang B, Batzoglou S, Sidow A. Multi-omic tumor data reveal diversity of molecular mechanisms that correlate with survival. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4453. [PMID: 30367051 PMCID: PMC6203719 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Outcomes for cancer patients vary greatly even within the same tumor type, and characterization of molecular subtypes of cancer holds important promise for improving prognosis and personalized treatment. This promise has motivated recent efforts to produce large amounts of multidimensional genomic (multi-omic) data, but current algorithms still face challenges in the integrated analysis of such data. Here we present Cancer Integration via Multikernel Learning (CIMLR), a new cancer subtyping method that integrates multi-omic data to reveal molecular subtypes of cancer. We apply CIMLR to multi-omic data from 36 cancer types and show significant improvements in both computational efficiency and ability to extract biologically meaningful cancer subtypes. The discovered subtypes exhibit significant differences in patient survival for 27 of 36 cancer types. Our analysis reveals integrated patterns of gene expression, methylation, point mutations, and copy number changes in multiple cancers and highlights patterns specifically associated with poor patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Ramazzotti
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Avantika Lal
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Serafim Batzoglou
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Illumina Mission Bay, 499 Illinois Street, Suite 210, San Francisco, CA, 94158-250, USA
| | - Arend Sidow
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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45
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Yan D, Hao C, Xiao-Feng L, Yu-Chen L, Yu-Bin F, Lei Z. Molecular mechanism of Notch signaling with special emphasis on microRNAs: Implications for glioma. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:158-170. [PMID: 30076599 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most aggressive primary brain tumor and is notorious for resistance to chemoradiotherapy. Although its associated mechanisms are still not completely understood, Notch signaling, an evolutionarily conserved pathway, appears to be the key processes involved. Nevertheless, its mechanisms are sophisticated, due to a variety of targets and signal pathways, especially microRNA. MicroRNAs, which are small noncoding regulatory RNA molecules, have been proposed as one of the key mechanisms in glioma pathogenesis. Among the known glioma associated microRNA, microRNA-129, microRNA-34 family, and microRNA-326 have been shown to influence the progress of glioma through Notch signaling. Evidence also indicates that recurrence is due to development or persistence of the glioma stem-like cells and active angiogenesis, which are tightly regulated by a variety of factors, including Notch signaling. In this review, we summarize the recent progress regarding the functional roles of Notch signaling in glioma, including Notch ligand, microRNA, intracellular crosstalk, glioma stem-like cells and active angiogenesis and explore their clinical implications as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and molecular therapeutic targets for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Yan
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, China.,Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Hao
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, China.,Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Li Xiao-Feng
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, China.,Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Yu-Chen
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, China.,Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Feng Yu-Bin
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, China.,Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Zhang Lei
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, China.,Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
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46
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Fu H, Yang H, Zhang X, Wang B, Mao J, Li X, Wang M, Zhang B, Sun Z, Qian H, Xu W. Exosomal TRIM3 is a novel marker and therapy target for gastric cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:162. [PMID: 30031392 PMCID: PMC6054744 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0825-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Exosomes are critically involved in cancer development and progression. The exosomal contents have been suggested as ideal cancer biomarkers. In this study, we investigated the expression of exosomal proteins in the serum of gastric cancer patients and their roles in gastric cancer. Methods The proteomic profile of exosomes from the serum of gastric cancer patients was detected by using LC-MS/MS. The expression of TRIM3 in exosomes from the serum of gastric cancer patients and healthy controls was assessed by ELISA and western blot. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect TRIM3 expression in gastric cancer tissues and their matching adjacent tissues. The growth and migration abilities of gastric cancer cells with TRIM3 overexpression or knockdown in vitro were evaluated by colony formation assay and transwell migration assay. The effects of TRIM3 overexpression or knockdown on gastric cancer growth and metastasis in vivo were investigated by using subcutaneous xenograft tumor and peritoneal metastasis mouse model. The effects of TRIM3-overexpressing exosomes on gastric cancer growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo were also evaluated. Results We found that the expression levels of TRIM3 mRNA and protein were decreased in gastric cancer tissues compared to the matched control tissues. In addition, the levels of TRIM3 protein in the serum exosomes of gastric cancer patients were lower than that in healthy controls. We demonstrated that TRIM3 overexpression reduced while TRIM3 knockdown promoted the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo through the regulation of stem cell factors and EMT regulators. Moreover, exosomes-mediated delivery of TRIM3 protein could suppress gastric cancer growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Taken together, our findings suggest that exosomal TRIM3 may serve as a biomarker for gastric cancer diagnosis and the delivery of TRIM3 by exosomes may provide a new avenue for gastric cancer therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0825-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zixuan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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Tripartite motif-containing protein 3 plays a role of tumor inhibitor in cervical cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Landskron L, Steinmann V, Bonnay F, Burkard TR, Steinmann J, Reichardt I, Harzer H, Laurenson AS, Reichert H, Knoblich JA. The asymmetrically segregating lncRNA cherub is required for transforming stem cells into malignant cells. eLife 2018; 7:31347. [PMID: 29580384 PMCID: PMC5871330 DOI: 10.7554/elife.31347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells display features that are not found in healthy cells. How they become immortal and how their specific features can be exploited to combat tumorigenesis are key questions in tumor biology. Here we describe the long non-coding RNA cherub that is critically required for the development of brain tumors in Drosophila but is dispensable for normal development. In mitotic Drosophila neural stem cells, cherub localizes to the cell periphery and segregates into the differentiating daughter cell. During tumorigenesis, de-differentiation of cherub-high cells leads to the formation of tumorigenic stem cells that accumulate abnormally high cherub levels. We show that cherub establishes a molecular link between the RNA-binding proteins Staufen and Syncrip. As Syncrip is part of the molecular machinery specifying temporal identity in neural stem cells, we propose that tumor cells proliferate indefinitely, because cherub accumulation no longer allows them to complete their temporal neurogenesis program. Many biological signals control how cells grow and divide. However, cancer cells do not obey these growth-restricting signals, and as a result large tumors may develop. Recent experiments have suggested that stem cells – the precursors to the different types of specialized cells found in the body – are particularly important for generating tumors. A stem cell normally divides unequally to form a self-renewing cell and a more specialized cell (often a progenitor cell that will give rise to increasingly specialized cell types). The timing of when the specialization occurs can be key to guiding the ultimately produced cell progenies to their final identity. However, in a tumor cells can retain the ability to self-renew. Ultimately, the resulting ‘tumor stem cells’ become immortal and proliferate indefinitely. It is not fully understood why this uncontrolled proliferation occurs. Just like mammals (including humans), fruit flies can develop tumors. Some of the DNA mutations responsible for tumor development were already identified in flies as early as in the 1970s. This has made fruit flies a well-studied model system for uncovering the principle defects that cause tumors to form. Landskron et al. have now studied the neural stem cells found in brain tumors in fruit flies. Additional DNA mutations were not responsible for these cells becoming immortal. Instead, certain RNA molecules – products that are ‘transcribed’ from the DNA – were present in different amounts in tumor cells. The RNA that showed the greatest increase in tumor cells is a so-called long non-coding RNA named cherub. This RNA molecule has no important role in normal fruit flies, but is critical for tumor formation. Landskron et al. found that during cell division cherub segregates from the neural stem cells to the newly formed progenitor cells, where it breaks down over time. Progenitor cells that contain high levels of cherub give rise to tumor-generating neural stem cells. At the molecular level, cherubhelps two proteins to interact with each other: one called Syncrip that makes the neural stem cells take on a older identity, and another one (Staufen) that tethers it to the cell membrane. By restricting Syncrip to a particular location in the cell, cherub alters the timing of stem cell specialization, which contributes to tumor formation. Overall, the results presented by Landskron et al. reveal a new role for long non-coding RNAs: controlling the localization of the proteins that determine the fate of the cell. They also highlight a critical link between the timing of stem cell development and the proliferation of the cells. Further work is now needed to test whether the same control mechanism works in species other than fruit flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Landskron
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Steinmann
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Francois Bonnay
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas R Burkard
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonas Steinmann
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ilka Reichardt
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heike Harzer
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Jürgen A Knoblich
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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β-escin selectively targets the glioblastoma-initiating cell population and reduces cell viability. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66865-66879. [PMID: 27589691 PMCID: PMC5341843 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive tumour of the central nervous system and is associated with an extremely poor prognosis. Within GBM exists a subpopulation of cells, glioblastoma-initiating cells (GIC), which possess the characteristics of progenitor cells, have the ability to initiate tumour growth and resist to current treatment strategies. We aimed at identifying novel specific inhibitors of GIC expansion through use of a large-scale chemical screen of approved small molecules. Here, we report the identification of the natural compound β-escin as a selective inhibitor of GIC viability. Indeed, β-escin was significantly cytotoxic in nine patient-derived GIC, whilst exhibiting no substantial effect on the other human cancer or control cell lines tested. In addition, β-escin was more effective at reducing GIC growth than current clinically used cytotoxic agents. We further show that β-escin triggers caspase-dependent cell death combined with a loss of stemness properties. However, blocking apoptosis could not rescue the β-escin-induced reduction in sphere formation or stemness marker activity, indicating that β-escin directly modifies the stem identity of GIC, independent of the induction of cell death. Thus, this study has repositioned β-escin as a promising potential candidate to selectively target the aggressive population of initiating cells within GBM.
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Reichardt I, Bonnay F, Steinmann V, Loedige I, Burkard TR, Meister G, Knoblich JA. The tumor suppressor Brat controls neuronal stem cell lineages by inhibiting Deadpan and Zelda. EMBO Rep 2017; 19:102-117. [PMID: 29191977 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The TRIM-NHL protein Brain tumor (Brat) acts as a tumor suppressor in the Drosophila brain, but how it suppresses tumor formation is not completely understood. Here, we combine temperature-controlled brat RNAi with transcriptome analysis to identify the immediate Brat targets in Drosophila neuroblasts. Besides the known target Deadpan (Dpn), our experiments identify the transcription factor Zelda (Zld) as a critical target of Brat. Our data show that Zld is expressed in neuroblasts and required to allow re-expression of Dpn in transit-amplifying intermediate neural progenitors. Upon neuroblast division, Brat is enriched in one daughter cell where its NHL domain directly binds to specific motifs in the 3'UTR of dpn and zld mRNA to mediate their degradation. In brat mutants, both Dpn and Zld continue to be expressed, but inhibition of either transcription factor prevents tumorigenesis. Our genetic and biochemical data indicate that Dpn inhibition requires higher Brat levels than Zld inhibition and suggest a model where stepwise post-transcriptional inhibition of distinct factors ensures sequential generation of fates in a stem cell lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Reichardt
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna, Austria
| | - François Bonnay
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Steinmann
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Inga Loedige
- Laboratory for RNA Biology, Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas R Burkard
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Gunter Meister
- Laboratory for RNA Biology, Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Juergen A Knoblich
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna, Austria
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