1
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Allen B, Savoy L, Ryabinin P, Bottomly D, Chen R, Goff B, Wang A, McWeeney SK, Zhang H. Upregulation of HOXA3 by isoform-specific Wilms tumour 1 drives chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2024; 205:207-219. [PMID: 38867543 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Upregulation of the Wilms' tumour 1 (WT1) gene is common in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and is associated with poor prognosis. WT1 generates 12 primary transcripts through different translation initiation sites and alternative splicing. The short WT1 transcripts express abundantly in primary leukaemia samples. We observed that overexpression of short WT1 transcripts lacking exon 5 with and without the KTS motif (sWT1+/- and sWT1-/-) led to reduced cell growth. However, only sWT1+/- overexpression resulted in decreased CD71 expression, G1 arrest, and cytarabine resistance. Primary AML patient cells with low CD71 expression exhibit resistance to cytarabine, suggesting that CD71 may serve as a potential biomarker for chemotherapy. RNAseq differential expressed gene analysis identified two transcription factors, HOXA3 and GATA2, that are specifically upregulated in sWT1+/- cells, whereas CDKN1A is upregulated in sWT1-/- cells. Overexpression of either HOXA3 or GATA2 reproduced the effects of sWT1+/-, including decreased cell growth, G1 arrest, reduced CD71 expression and cytarabine resistance. HOXA3 expression correlates with chemotherapy response and overall survival in NPM1 mutation-negative leukaemia specimens. Overexpression of HOXA3 leads to drug resistance against a broad spectrum of chemotherapeutic agents. Our results suggest that WT1 regulates cell proliferation and drug sensitivity in an isoform-specific manner.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytarabine/pharmacology
- Cytarabine/therapeutic use
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Nucleophosmin
- Protein Isoforms
- Receptors, Transferrin
- Up-Regulation
- WT1 Proteins/genetics
- WT1 Proteins/metabolism
- WT1 Proteins/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil Allen
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lindsey Savoy
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Peter Ryabinin
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Reid Chen
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Bonnie Goff
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Anthony Wang
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Shannon K McWeeney
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Haijiao Zhang
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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2
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Ling RE, Cross JW, Roy A. Aberrant stem cell and developmental programs in pediatric leukemia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1372899. [PMID: 38601080 PMCID: PMC11004259 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1372899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a finely orchestrated process, whereby hematopoietic stem cells give rise to all mature blood cells. Crucially, they maintain the ability to self-renew and/or differentiate to replenish downstream progeny. This process starts at an embryonic stage and continues throughout the human lifespan. Blood cancers such as leukemia occur when normal hematopoiesis is disrupted, leading to uncontrolled proliferation and a block in differentiation of progenitors of a particular lineage (myeloid or lymphoid). Although normal stem cell programs are crucial for tissue homeostasis, these can be co-opted in many cancers, including leukemia. Myeloid or lymphoid leukemias often display stem cell-like properties that not only allow proliferation and survival of leukemic blasts but also enable them to escape treatments currently employed to treat patients. In addition, some leukemias, especially in children, have a fetal stem cell profile, which may reflect the developmental origins of the disease. Aberrant fetal stem cell programs necessary for leukemia maintenance are particularly attractive therapeutic targets. Understanding how hijacked stem cell programs lead to aberrant gene expression in place and time, and drive the biology of leukemia, will help us develop the best treatment strategies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E. Ling
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joe W. Cross
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anindita Roy
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Kim HJ, Batara DC, Jeon YJ, Lee S, Beck S, Kim SH. The impact of MEIS1 TALE homeodomain transcription factor knockdown on glioma stem cell growth. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:93-109. [PMID: 38487309 PMCID: PMC10939110 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2327340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloid ecotropic virus insertion site 1 (MEIS1) is a HOX co-factor necessary for organ development and normal hematopoiesis. Recently, MEIS1 has been linked to the development and progression of various cancers. However, its role in gliomagenesis particularly on glioma stem cells (GSCs) remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that MEIS1 is highly upregulated in GSCs compared to normal, and glioma cells and to its differentiated counterparts. Inhibition of MEIS1 expression by shRNA significantly reduced GSC growth in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. On the other hand, integrated transcriptomics analyses of glioma datasets revealed that MEIS1 expression is correlated to cell cycle-related genes. Clinical data analysis revealed that MEIS1 expression is elevated in high-grade gliomas, and patients with high MEIS1 levels have poorer overall survival outcomes. The findings suggest that MEIS1 is a prognostic biomarker for glioma patients and a possible target for developing novel therapeutic strategies against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Kim
- Animal Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Don Carlo Batara
- Animal Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Jeon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongsoo Lee
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Samuel Beck
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Aging Research, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Animal Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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4
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Sur A, Wang Y, Capar P, Margolin G, Prochaska MK, Farrell JA. Single-cell analysis of shared signatures and transcriptional diversity during zebrafish development. Dev Cell 2023; 58:3028-3047.e12. [PMID: 37995681 PMCID: PMC11181902 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
During development, animals generate distinct cell populations with specific identities, functions, and morphologies. We mapped transcriptionally distinct populations across 489,686 cells from 62 stages during wild-type zebrafish embryogenesis and early larval development (3-120 h post-fertilization). Using these data, we identified the limited catalog of gene expression programs reused across multiple tissues and their cell-type-specific adaptations. We also determined the duration each transcriptional state is present during development and identify unexpected long-term cycling populations. Focused clustering and transcriptional trajectory analyses of non-skeletal muscle and endoderm identified transcriptional profiles and candidate transcriptional regulators of understudied cell types and subpopulations, including the pneumatic duct, individual intestinal smooth muscle layers, spatially distinct pericyte subpopulations, and recently discovered best4+ cells. To enable additional discoveries, we make this comprehensive transcriptional atlas of early zebrafish development available through our website, Daniocell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Sur
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Yiqun Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Paulina Capar
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Gennady Margolin
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Morgan Kathleen Prochaska
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Farrell
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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5
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Noguera NI, Travaglini S, Scalea S, Catalanotto C, Reale A, Zampieri M, Zaza A, Ricciardi MR, Angelini DF, Tafuri A, Ottone T, Voso MT, Zardo G. YY1 Knockdown Relieves the Differentiation Block and Restores Apoptosis in AML Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4010. [PMID: 37568827 PMCID: PMC10417667 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15154010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we analyzed the expression of Yin and Yang 1 protein (YY1), a member of the noncanonical PcG complexes, in AML patient samples and AML cell lines and the effect of YY1 downregulation on the AML differentiation block. Our results show that YY1 is significantly overexpressed in AML patient samples and AML cell lines and that YY1 knockdown relieves the differentiation block. YY1 downregulation in two AML cell lines (HL-60 and OCI-AML3) and one AML patient sample restored the expression of members of the CEBP protein family, increased the expression of extrinsic growth factors/receptors and surface antigenic markers, induced morphological cell characteristics typical of myeloid differentiation, and sensitized cells to retinoic acid treatment and to apoptosis. Overall, our data show that YY1 is not a secondary regulator of myeloid differentiation but that, if overexpressed, it can play a predominant role in myeloid differentiation block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelida Ines Noguera
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.T.); (T.O.); (M.T.V.)
- Unit of Neuro-Oncoematologia, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Travaglini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.T.); (T.O.); (M.T.V.)
- Unit of Neuro-Oncoematologia, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Scalea
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Caterina Catalanotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (A.R.); (M.Z.)
| | - Anna Reale
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (A.R.); (M.Z.)
| | - Michele Zampieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (A.R.); (M.Z.)
| | - Alessandra Zaza
- Unit of Neuro-Oncoematologia, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ricciardi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.R.R.); (A.T.)
| | | | - Agostino Tafuri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.R.R.); (A.T.)
| | - Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.T.); (T.O.); (M.T.V.)
- Unit of Neuro-Oncoematologia, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.T.); (T.O.); (M.T.V.)
- Unit of Neuro-Oncoematologia, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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6
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Rasouli M, Blair H, Troester S, Szoltysek K, Cameron R, Ashtiani M, Krippner-Heidenreich A, Grebien F, McGeehan G, Zwaan CM, Heidenreich O. The MLL-Menin Interaction is a Therapeutic Vulnerability in NUP98-rearranged AML. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e935. [PMID: 37520776 PMCID: PMC10378738 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations involving the NUP98 locus are among the most prevalent rearrangements in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML with NUP98 fusions is characterized by high expression of HOXA and MEIS1 genes and is associated with poor clinical outcome. NUP98 fusion proteins are recruited to their target genes by the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) complex, which involves a direct interaction between MLL and Menin. Here, we show that therapeutic targeting of the Menin-MLL interaction inhibits the propagation of NUP98-rearrranged AML both ex vivo and in vivo. Treatment of primary AML cells with the Menin inhibitor revumenib (SNDX-5613) impairs proliferation and clonogenicity ex vivo in long-term coculture and drives myeloid differentiation. These phenotypic effects are associated with global gene expression changes in primary AML samples that involve the downregulation of many critical NUP98 fusion protein-target genes, such as MEIS1 and CDK6. In addition, Menin inhibition reduces the expression of both wild-type FLT3 and mutated FLT3-ITD, and in combination with FLT3 inhibitor, suppresses patient-derived NUP98-r AML cells in a synergistic manner. Revumenib treatment blocks leukemic engraftment and prevents leukemia-associated death of immunodeficient mice transplanted with NUP98::NSD1 FLT3-ITD-positive patient-derived AML cells. These results demonstrate that NUP98-rearranged AMLs are highly susceptible to inhibition of the MLL-Menin interaction and suggest the inclusion of AML patients harboring NUP98 fusions into the clinical evaluation of Menin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Rasouli
- Princess Maxima Center for pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helen Blair
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Selina Troester
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Katarzyna Szoltysek
- Princess Maxima Center for pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute – Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Poland
| | - Rachel Cameron
- Princess Maxima Center for pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Minoo Ashtiani
- Princess Maxima Center for pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Florian Grebien
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | | | - C. Michel Zwaan
- Princess Maxima Center for pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Princess Maxima Center for pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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7
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Coppin E, Zhang X, Ohayon L, Johny E, Dasari A, Zheng KH, Stiekema L, Cifuentes-Pagano E, Pagano PJ, Chaparala S, Stroes ES, Dutta P. Peripheral Ischemia Imprints Epigenetic Changes in Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Propagate Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:889-906. [PMID: 36891902 PMCID: PMC10213134 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.318956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral ischemia caused by peripheral artery disease is associated with systemic inflammation, which may aggravate underlying comorbidities such as atherosclerosis and heart failure. However, the mechanisms of increased inflammation and inflammatory cell production in patients with peripheral artery disease remain poorly understood. METHODS We used peripheral blood collected from patients with peripheral artery disease and performed hind limb ischemia (HI) in Apoe-/- mice fed a Western diet and C57BL/6J mice with a standard laboratory diet. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, whole-mount microscopy, and flow cytometry were performed to analyze hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) proliferation, differentiation, and relocation. RESULTS We observed augmented numbers of leukocytes in the blood of patients with peripheral artery disease and Apoe-/- mice with HI. RNA sequencing and whole-mount imaging of the bone marrow revealed HSPC migration into the vascular niche from the osteoblastic niche and their exaggerated proliferation and differentiation. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated alterations in the genes responsible for inflammation, myeloid cell mobilization, and HSPC differentiation after HI. Heightened inflammation in Apoe-/- mice after HI aggravated atherosclerosis. Surprisingly, bone marrow HSPCs expressed higher amounts of the receptors for IL (interleukin)-1 and IL-3 after HI. Concomitantly, the promoters of Il1r1 and Il3rb had augmented H3K4me3 and H3K27ac marks after HI. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of these receptors resulted in suppressed HSPC proliferation, reduced leukocyte production, and ameliorated atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate increased inflammation, HSPC abundance in the vascular niches of the bone marrow, and elevated IL-3Rb and IL-1R1 (IL-1 receptor 1) expression in HSPC following HI. Furthermore, the IL-3Rb and IL-1R1 signaling plays a pivotal role in HSPC proliferation, leukocyte abundance, and atherosclerosis aggravation after HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Coppin
- Regeneration in Hematopoiesis, Institute for Immunology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Lee Ohayon
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ebin Johny
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ankush Dasari
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kang H. Zheng
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lotte Stiekema
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eugenia Cifuentes-Pagano
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Patrick J. Pagano
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Srilakshmi Chaparala
- Health Sciences Library System, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Erik S. Stroes
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Partha Dutta
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh VA Medical Center-University Drive, University Drive C, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213
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8
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Turkalj S, Jakobsen NA, Groom A, Metzner M, Riva SG, Gür ER, Usukhbayar B, Salazar MA, Hentges LD, Mickute G, Clark K, Sopp P, Davies JOJ, Hughes JR, Vyas P. GTAC enables parallel genotyping of multiple genomic loci with chromatin accessibility profiling in single cells. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:722-740.e11. [PMID: 37146586 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding clonal evolution and cancer development requires experimental approaches for characterizing the consequences of somatic mutations on gene regulation. However, no methods currently exist that efficiently link high-content chromatin accessibility with high-confidence genotyping in single cells. To address this, we developed Genotyping with the Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin (GTAC), enabling accurate mutation detection at multiple amplified loci, coupled with robust chromatin accessibility readout. We applied GTAC to primary acute myeloid leukemia, obtaining high-quality chromatin accessibility profiles and clonal identities for multiple mutations in 88% of cells. We traced chromatin variation throughout clonal evolution, showing the restriction of different clones to distinct differentiation stages. Furthermore, we identified switches in transcription factor motif accessibility associated with a specific combination of driver mutations, which biased transformed progenitors toward a leukemia stem cell-like chromatin state. GTAC is a powerful tool to study clonal heterogeneity across a wide spectrum of pre-malignant and neoplastic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Turkalj
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Niels Asger Jakobsen
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK; Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Angus Groom
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Marlen Metzner
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Simone G Riva
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E Ravza Gür
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Batchimeg Usukhbayar
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Mirian Angulo Salazar
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Lance D Hentges
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gerda Mickute
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Kevin Clark
- Flow Cytometry Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Sopp
- Flow Cytometry Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James O J Davies
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK; Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Jim R Hughes
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paresh Vyas
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK; Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
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9
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Sur A, Wang Y, Capar P, Margolin G, Farrell JA. Single-cell analysis of shared signatures and transcriptional diversity during zebrafish development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.20.533545. [PMID: 36993555 PMCID: PMC10055256 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.20.533545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
During development, animals generate distinct cell populations with specific identities, functions, and morphologies. We mapped transcriptionally distinct populations across 489,686 cells from 62 stages during wild-type zebrafish embryogenesis and early larval development (3-120 hours post-fertilization). Using these data, we identified the limited catalog of gene expression programs reused across multiple tissues and their cell-type-specific adaptations. We also determined the duration each transcriptional state is present during development and suggest new long-term cycling populations. Focused analyses of non-skeletal muscle and the endoderm identified transcriptional profiles of understudied cell types and subpopulations, including the pneumatic duct, individual intestinal smooth muscle layers, spatially distinct pericyte subpopulations, and homologs of recently discovered human best4+ enterocytes. The transcriptional regulators of these populations remain unknown, so we reconstructed gene expression trajectories to suggest candidates. To enable additional discoveries, we make this comprehensive transcriptional atlas of early zebrafish development available through our website, Daniocell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Sur
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Yiqun Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Paulina Capar
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Gennady Margolin
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20814
| | - Jeffrey A. Farrell
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20814
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10
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Matthews AH, Pratz KW, Carroll MP. Targeting Menin and CD47 to Address Unmet Needs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235906. [PMID: 36497385 PMCID: PMC9735817 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
After forty years of essentially unchanged treatment in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), innovation over the past five years has been rapid, with nine drug approvals from 2016 to 2021. Increased understanding of the molecular changes and genetic ontology of disease have led to targeting mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), B-cell lymphoma 2 and hedgehog pathways. Yet outcomes remain variable; especially in defined molecular and genetic subgroups such as NPM1 (Nucleophosmin 1) mutations, 11q23/KMT2A rearranged and TP53 mutations. Emerging therapies seek to address these unmet needs, and all three of these subgroups have promising new therapeutic approaches. Here, we will discuss the normal biological roles of menin in acute leukemia, notably in KMT2A translocations and NPM1 mutation, as well as current drug development. We will also explore how CD47 inhibition may move immunotherapy into front-line settings and unlock new treatment strategies in TP53 mutated disease. We will then consider how these new therapeutic advances may change the management of AML overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H. Matthews
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Keith W. Pratz
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Martin P. Carroll
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 715 Biomedical Research Building II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Correspondence:
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11
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Tang L, Peng L, Tan C, Liu H, Chen P, Wang H. Role of HOXA9 in solid tumors: mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:349. [PMID: 36376832 PMCID: PMC9664671 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HOXA9 functioning as a transcription factor is one of the members of HOX gene family, which governs multiple cellular activities by facilitating cellular signal transduction. In addition to be a driver in AML which has been widely studied, the role of HOXA9 in solid tumor progression has also received increasing attention in recent years, where the aberrant expression of HOXA9 is closely associated with the prognosis of patient. This review details the signaling pathways, binding partners, post-transcriptional regulation of HOXA9, and possible inhibitors of HOXA9 in solid tumors, which provides a reference basis for further study on the role of HOXA9 in solid tumors.
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12
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Fu H, Nicolet D, Mrózek K, Stone RM, Eisfeld A, Byrd JC, Archer KJ. Controlled variable selection in Weibull mixture cure models for high-dimensional data. Stat Med 2022; 41:4340-4366. [PMID: 35792553 PMCID: PMC9545322 DOI: 10.1002/sim.9513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Medical breakthroughs in recent years have led to cures for many diseases. The mixture cure model (MCM) is a type of survival model that is often used when a cured fraction exists. Many have sought to identify genomic features associated with a time-to-event outcome which requires variable selection strategies for high-dimensional spaces. Unfortunately, currently few variable selection methods exist for MCMs especially when there are more predictors than samples. This study develops high-dimensional penalized Weibull MCMs, which allow for identification of prognostic factors associated with both cure status and/or survival. We demonstrated how such models may be estimated using two different iterative algorithms. The model-X knockoffs method was combined with these algorithms to control the false discovery rate (FDR) in variable selection. Through extensive simulation studies, our penalized MCMs have been shown to outperform alternative methods on multiple metrics and achieve high statistical power with FDR being controlled. In an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) application with gene expression data, our proposed approach identified 14 genes associated with potential cure and 12 genes with time-to-relapse, which may help inform treatment decisions for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Fu
- Division of BiostatisticsCollege of Public Health, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Deedra Nicolet
- Clara D. Bloomfield Center for Leukemia Outcomes ResearchThe Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOhioUSA
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management CenterThe Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Krzysztof Mrózek
- Clara D. Bloomfield Center for Leukemia Outcomes ResearchThe Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Richard M. Stone
- Dana‐Farber/Partners CancerHarvard UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ann‐Kathrin Eisfeld
- Clara D. Bloomfield Center for Leukemia Outcomes ResearchThe Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - John C. Byrd
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Kellie J. Archer
- Division of BiostatisticsCollege of Public Health, The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
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13
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MOZ is critical for the development of MOZ/MLL-fusion-induced leukemia through regulation of Hoxa9/Meis1 expression. Blood Adv 2022; 6:5527-5537. [PMID: 35947126 PMCID: PMC9577624 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (MOZ, MYST3, or KAT6A) is a MYST-type acetyltransferase involved in chromosomal translocation in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome. MOZ is established as essential for hematopoiesis; however, the role of MOZ in AML has not been addressed. We propose that MOZ is critical for AML development induced by MLL-AF9, MLL-AF10, or MOZ-TIF2 fusions. Moz-deficient hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) transduced with an MLL-AF10 fusion gene neither formed colonies in methylcellulose nor induced AML in mice. Moz-deficient HSPCs bearing MLL-AF9 also generated significantly reduced colony and cell numbers. Moz-deficient HSPCs expressing MOZ-TIF2 could form colonies in vitro but could not induce AML in mice. By contrast, Moz was dispensable for colony formation by HOXA9-transduced cells and AML development caused by HOXA9 and MEIS1, suggesting a specific requirement for MOZ in AML induced by MOZ/MLL fusions. Expression of the Hoxa9 and Meis1 genes was decreased in Moz-deficient MLL fusion-expressing cells, while expression of Meis1, but not Hoxa9, was reduced in Moz-deficient MOZ-TIF2 AML cells. AML development induced by MOZ-TIF2 was rescued by introducing Meis1 into Moz-deficient cells carrying MOZ-TIF2. Meis1 deletion impaired MOZ-TIF2–mediated AML development. Active histone modifications were also severely reduced at the Meis1 locus in Moz-deficient MOZ-TIF2 and MLL-AF9 AML cells. These results suggest that endogenous MOZ is critical for MOZ/MLL fusion-induced AML development and maintains active chromatin signatures at target gene loci. MOZ is critical for MOZ/MLL fusion-mediated AML development, Meis1 induction by MOZ fusions, and Hoxa9/Meis1 induction by MLL fusions. Endogenous MOZ is required to maintain MOZ-target and active histone modifications at the Meis1 gene locus.
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14
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Role of the HOXA cluster in HSC emergence and blood cancer. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1817-1827. [PMID: 34374409 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis, the process of blood formation, is controlled by a complex developmental program that involves intrinsic and extrinsic regulators. Blood formation is critical to normal embryonic development and during embryogenesis distinct waves of hematopoiesis have been defined that represent the emergence of hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells. The Class I family of homeobox (HOX) genes are also critical for normal embryonic development, whereby mutations are associated with malformations and deformity. Recently, members of the HOXA cluster (comprising 11 genes and non-coding RNA elements) have been associated with the emergence and maintenance of long-term repopulating HSCs. Previous studies identified a gradient of HOXA expression from high in HSCs to low in circulating peripheral cells, indicating their importance in maintaining blood cell numbers and differentiation state. Indeed, dysregulation of HOXA genes either directly or by genetic lesions of upstream regulators correlates with a malignant phenotype. This review discusses the role of the HOXA cluster in both HSC emergence and blood cancer formation highlighting the need for further research to identify specific roles of these master regulators in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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15
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Yao M, Gu Y, Yang Z, Zhong K, Chen Z. MEIS1 and its potential as a cancer therapeutic target (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:181. [PMID: 34318904 PMCID: PMC8354308 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Meis homeobox 1 (Meis1) was initially discovered in 1995 as a factor involved in leukemia in an animal model. Subsequently, 2 years later, MEIS1, the human homolog, was cloned in the liver and cerebellum, and was found to be highly expressed in myeloid leukemia cells. The MEIS1 gene, located on chromosome 2p14, encodes a 390-amino acid protein with six domains. The expression of homeobox protein MEIS1 is affected by cell type, age and environmental conditions, as well as the pathological state. Certain types of modifications of MEIS1 and its protein interaction with homeobox or pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox proteins have been described. As a transcription factor, MEIS1 protein is involved in cell proliferation in leukemia and some solid tumors. The present review article discusses the molecular biology, modifications, protein-protein interactions, as well as the role of MEIS1 in cell proliferation of cancer cells and MEIS1 inhibitors. It is suggested by the available literature MEIS1 has potential to become a cancer therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maozhong Yao
- Clinical Research Center, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Haikou, Hainan 570203, P.R. China
| | - Yong Gu
- Clinical Research Center, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Haikou, Hainan 570203, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxin Yang
- Teaching Experimental Animal Center, Research Center for Drug Safety Evaluation of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
| | - Keyan Zhong
- Teaching Experimental Animal Center, Research Center for Drug Safety Evaluation of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
| | - Zhanjuan Chen
- Chemical Experiment Teaching Center, College of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
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16
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Richter WF, Shah RN, Ruthenburg AJ. Non-canonical H3K79me2-dependent pathways promote the survival of MLL-rearranged leukemia. eLife 2021; 10:64960. [PMID: 34263728 PMCID: PMC8315800 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MLL-rearranged leukemia depends on H3K79 methylation. Depletion of this transcriptionally activating mark by DOT1L deletion or high concentrations of the inhibitor pinometostat downregulates HOXA9 and MEIS1, and consequently reduces leukemia survival. Yet, some MLL-rearranged leukemias are inexplicably susceptible to low-dose pinometostat, far below concentrations that downregulate this canonical proliferation pathway. In this context, we define alternative proliferation pathways that more directly derive from H3K79me2 loss. By ICeChIP-seq, H3K79me2 is markedly depleted at pinometostat-downregulated and MLL-fusion targets, with paradoxical increases of H3K4me3 and loss of H3K27me3. Although downregulation of polycomb components accounts for some of the proliferation defect, transcriptional downregulation of FLT3 is the major pathway. Loss-of-FLT3-function recapitulates the cytotoxicity and gene expression consequences of low-dose pinometostat, whereas overexpression of constitutively active STAT5A, a target of FLT3-ITD-signaling, largely rescues these defects. This pathway also depends on MLL1, indicating combinations of DOT1L, MLL1 and FLT3 inhibitors should be explored for treating FLT3-mutant leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- William F Richter
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Rohan N Shah
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Alexander J Ruthenburg
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
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17
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Yin L, Xie S, Chen Y, Li W, Jiang X, Li H, Li J, Wu Z, Xiao X, Zhang G, Cheng Z, Peng H. Novel germline mutation KMT2A G3131S confers genetic susceptibility to familial myeloproliferative neoplasms. Ann Hematol 2021; 100:2229-2240. [PMID: 34228147 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-021-04562-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The current study analyzed the clinical and genetic characteristics of a family with familial myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Whole-exome sequencing was conducted, and a germline heterozygous mutation in lysine methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A, also known as MLL1), G3131S (c.9391G > A, p.Gly3131Ser, rs150804738), was identified. Somatic DNA and germline DNA were collected from 8 family members, 120 healthy donors (somatic DNA), and 30 healthy donors (germline DNA). Using Sanger sequencing, the KMT2A G3131S mutation was analyzed. Four individuals, the proband (II-1), his sister (patient II-2), and family members II-3 and III-1 (somatic DNA and germline DNA), tested positive for the KMT2A G3131S mutation. We did not observe the KMT2A G3131S mutation in healthy donors (somatic DNA and germline DNA), indicating that this is not a SNP. Bioinformatics analysis of KMT2A G3131S suggested that protein structure changes could be caused by this mutation. To further elucidate the function of KMT2A G3131S, the CRISPR-Cas9 technique was applied to generate a KMT2A G3131S heterozygous K562 cell line. The colony formation potency, apoptosis, and cell cycle of KMT2A G3131S mutant K562 cells were analyzed. The results demonstrated that KMT2A G3131S mutant K562 cells showed increased proliferation and colony formation ability. Immunophenotyping was performed using flow cytometry to analyze the surface marker expression of gene-edited KMT2A G3131S mutant K562 cells. A significant increase in CD11b and mild increases in CD61 and CD235a were observed in KMT2A G3131S mutant K562 cells, suggesting that the KMT2A G3131S mutant could cause an increase in myeloproliferation. May-Giemsa staining showed that the morphological changes in KMT2A G3131S mutant K562 cells were consistent with the flow cytometry analysis. To verify which downstream genes were affected by the KMT2A G3131S mutant, we performed real-time PCR to evaluate the expression of previously reported KMT2A-related genes and found that C-MYB expression was significantly decreased. Western blotting was applied to investigate the expression of Kmt2a and C-myb proteins, and the results showed that in KMT2A G3131S mutant K562 cells, the expression of C-myb was decreased. Our findings suggested that KMT2A G3131S could affect the myeloproliferation of K562 cells and decrease C-myb expression. In conclusion, KMT2A G3131S could be considered a novel genetic susceptibility gene in familial MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yin
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Sisi Xie
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zefang Wu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangsen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongling Peng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Feng W, Yang X, Wang L, Wang R, Yang F, Wang H, Liu X, Ren Q, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Zheng G. P2X7 promotes the progression of MLL-AF9 induced acute myeloid leukemia by upregulation of Pbx3. Haematologica 2021; 106:1278-1289. [PMID: 32165482 PMCID: PMC8094107 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.243360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotides mediate intercellular communication by activating purinergic receptors and take part in various physiological and pathological processes. Abnormal purinergic signaling plays important roles in malignant progression. P2X7, which belongs to the P2X family of purinergic receptors, is abnormally expressed in various types of malignancies including leukemia. However, its role and molecular mechanism in leukemia have not been elucidated. Here, we analyzed the correlation between P2X7 expression and AML clinical outcome; explored the role and mechanism of P2X7 in AML progression by using mouse acute myeloid leukemia (AML), nude mouse xenograft and patient-derived xenograft models. High levels of P2X7 expression were correlated with worse survival in AML. P2X7 was highly expressed in MLL-rearranged AML. Furthermore, P2X7 accelerated the progression of MLL-rearranged AML by both promoting cell proliferation and increasing leukemia stem cell (LSC) levels. Moreover, P2X7 caused upregulation of Pbx3 accounts for its pro-leukemic effects. The P2X7-Pbx3 pathway might also contribute to the progression of other types of leukemia as well as solid tumors with high levels of P2X7 expression. Our study provides new insights into the malignant progression caused by abnormal purinergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Feng
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Yingchi Zhang
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Guoguang Zheng
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, China
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19
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Zhuang Q, Jin Z, Zheng X, Jin T, Xiang L. Long non‑coding RNA LINC00460 serves as a potential biomarker and oncogene via regulation of the miR‑320b/PBX3 axis in acute myeloid leukemia. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:435. [PMID: 33846790 PMCID: PMC8060808 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA 00460 (LINC00460) has been reported to be involved in the tumorigenesis of various cancer types. However, the function of LINC00460 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains elusive. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of LINC00460 in AML. The expression of LINC00460 in the serum of 80 diagnosed patients with AML and 67 healthy controls was measured via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results were compared with clinical features and patient outcomes. The expression of LINC00460 in 45 patients with cytogenetically normal-AML (CN-AML) was also assayed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of serum LINC00460. In addition, the effects of LINC00460 on the viability, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of AML cells were investigated. Bioinformatics tools were used to identify the possible mechanisms of how LINC00460 affects AML cells. It was found that the expression of LINC00460 was significantly upregulated in the serum of patients with AML and those with CN-AML. Higher expression of serum LINC00460 was positively associated with French-American-British classification and cytogenetics. Furthermore, ROC curve analyses demonstrated that serum LINC00460 could differentiate patients with AML from healthy individuals with an area under the curve of 0.8488 (95% CI, 0.7697–0.9279). The serum LINC00460 expression was also significantly decreased when the patients achieved complete remission. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients with high serum LINC00460 expression had a shorter overall survival time compared with the low serum LINC00460 expression group. Knockdown of LINC00460 inhibited viability, while inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in AML cells. LINC00460 was also a decoy of microRNA (miR)-320b, which can further inhibit the expression of PBX homeobox 3 (PBX3). Collectively, the results suggested that LINC00460 may be applied as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for patients with AML. It was identified that LINC00460 may exert its effects, at least partly, via the miR-320b/PBX3 axis in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhuang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Zhenlin Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Xiangkuo Zheng
- Department of Experimental Center, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Ting Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Lina Xiang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
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20
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Synergistic targeting of FLT3 mutations in AML via combined menin-MLL and FLT3 inhibition. Blood 2021; 136:2442-2456. [PMID: 32589720 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of menin (MEN1) and MLL (MLL1, KMT2A) is a dependency and provides a potential opportunity for treatment of NPM1-mutant (NPM1mut) and MLL-rearranged (MLL-r) leukemias. Concomitant activating driver mutations in the gene encoding the tyrosine kinase FLT3 occur in both leukemias and are particularly common in the NPM1mut subtype. In this study, transcriptional profiling after pharmacological inhibition of the menin-MLL complex revealed specific changes in gene expression, with downregulation of the MEIS1 transcription factor and its transcriptional target gene FLT3 being the most pronounced. Combining menin-MLL inhibition with specific small-molecule kinase inhibitors of FLT3 phosphorylation resulted in a significantly superior reduction of phosphorylated FLT3 and transcriptional suppression of genes downstream of FLT3 signaling. The drug combination induced synergistic inhibition of proliferation, as well as enhanced apoptosis, compared with single-drug treatment in models of human and murine NPM1mut and MLL-r leukemias harboring an FLT3 mutation. Primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells harvested from patients with NPM1mutFLT3mut AML showed significantly better responses to combined menin and FLT3 inhibition than to single-drug or vehicle control treatment, whereas AML cells with wild-type NPM1, MLL, and FLT3 were not affected by either of the 2 drugs. In vivo treatment of leukemic animals with MLL-r FLT3mut leukemia reduced leukemia burden significantly and prolonged survival compared with results in the single-drug and vehicle control groups. Our data suggest that combined menin-MLL and FLT3 inhibition represents a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for patients with NPM1mut or MLL-r leukemia and concurrent FLT3 mutation.
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21
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Kakebeen AD, Chitsazan AD, Williams MC, Saunders LM, Wills AE. Chromatin accessibility dynamics and single cell RNA-Seq reveal new regulators of regeneration in neural progenitors. eLife 2020; 9:e52648. [PMID: 32338593 PMCID: PMC7250574 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate appendage regeneration requires precisely coordinated remodeling of the transcriptional landscape to enable the growth and differentiation of new tissue, a process executed over multiple days and across dozens of cell types. The heterogeneity of tissues and temporally-sensitive fate decisions involved has made it difficult to articulate the gene regulatory programs enabling regeneration of individual cell types. To better understand how a regenerative program is fulfilled by neural progenitor cells (NPCs) of the spinal cord, we analyzed pax6-expressing NPCs isolated from regenerating Xenopus tropicalis tails. By intersecting chromatin accessibility data with single-cell transcriptomics, we find that NPCs place an early priority on neuronal differentiation. Late in regeneration, the priority returns to proliferation. Our analyses identify Pbx3 and Meis1 as critical regulators of tail regeneration and axon organization. Overall, we use transcriptional regulatory dynamics to present a new model for cell fate decisions and their regulators in NPCs during regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lauren M Saunders
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
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22
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Yi G, Wierenga ATJ, Petraglia F, Narang P, Janssen-Megens EM, Mandoli A, Merkel A, Berentsen K, Kim B, Matarese F, Singh AA, Habibi E, Prange KHM, Mulder AB, Jansen JH, Clarke L, Heath S, van der Reijden BA, Flicek P, Yaspo ML, Gut I, Bock C, Schuringa JJ, Altucci L, Vellenga E, Stunnenberg HG, Martens JHA. Chromatin-Based Classification of Genetically Heterogeneous AMLs into Two Distinct Subtypes with Diverse Stemness Phenotypes. Cell Rep 2020; 26:1059-1069.e6. [PMID: 30673601 PMCID: PMC6363099 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Global investigation of histone marks in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains limited. Analyses of 38 AML samples through integrated transcriptional and chromatin mark analysis exposes 2 major subtypes. One subtype is dominated by patients with NPM1 mutations or MLL-fusion genes, shows activation of the regulatory pathways involving HOX-family genes as targets, and displays high self-renewal capacity and stemness. The second subtype is enriched for RUNX1 or spliceosome mutations, suggesting potential interplay between the 2 aberrations, and mainly depends on IRF family regulators. Cellular consequences in prognosis predict a relatively worse outcome for the first subtype. Our integrated profiling establishes a rich resource to probe AML subtypes on the basis of expression and chromatin data.
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MESH Headings
- Chromatin/genetics
- Chromatin/metabolism
- Chromatin/pathology
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/metabolism
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/classification
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Mutation
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Nucleophosmin
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Yi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Albertus T J Wierenga
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Francesca Petraglia
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia generale, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Pankaj Narang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eva M Janssen-Megens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Amit Mandoli
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Angelika Merkel
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kim Berentsen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bowon Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Filomena Matarese
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Abhishek A Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ehsan Habibi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Koen H M Prange
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - André B Mulder
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joop H Jansen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Clarke
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Simon Heath
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bert A van der Reijden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Flicek
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Marie-Laure Yaspo
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ivo Gut
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jan Jacob Schuringa
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia generale, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Edo Vellenga
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hendrik G Stunnenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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23
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Li Y, Liu Y, Juedes D, Drews F, Bunescu R, Welch L. Set cover-based methods for motif selection. Bioinformatics 2020; 36:1044-1051. [PMID: 31665223 PMCID: PMC7703758 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation De novo motif discovery algorithms find statistically over-represented sequence motifs that may function as transcription factor binding sites. Current methods often report large numbers of motifs, making it difficult to perform further analyses and experimental validation. The motif selection problem seeks to identify a minimal set of putative regulatory motifs that characterize sequences of interest (e.g. ChIP-Seq binding regions). Results In this study, the motif selection problem is mapped to variants of the set cover problem that are solved via tabu search and by relaxed integer linear programing (RILP). The algorithms are employed to analyze 349 ChIP-Seq experiments from the ENCODE project, yielding a small number of high-quality motifs that represent putative binding sites of primary factors and cofactors. Specifically, when compared with the motifs reported by Kheradpour and Kellis, the set cover-based algorithms produced motif sets covering 35% more peaks for 11 TFs and identified 4 more putative cofactors for 6 TFs. Moreover, a systematic evaluation using nested cross-validation revealed that the RILP algorithm selected fewer motifs and was able to cover 6% more peaks and 3% fewer background regions, which reduced the error rate by 7%. Availability and implementation The source code of the algorithms and all the datasets are available at https://github.com/YichaoOU/Set_cover_tools. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Yating Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - David Juedes
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Frank Drews
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Razvan Bunescu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Lonnie Welch
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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24
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Morgan R, Pandha HS. PBX3 in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020431. [PMID: 32069812 PMCID: PMC7072649 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PBX3 is a homeodomain-containing transcription factor of the pre-B cell leukemia (PBX) family, members of which have extensive roles in early development and some adult processes. A number of features distinguish PBX3 from other PBX proteins, including the ability to form specific and stable interactions with DNA in the absence of cofactors. PBX3 has frequently been reported as having a role in the development and maintenance of a malignant phenotype, and high levels of PBX3 tumor expression have been linked to shorter overall survival in cancer. In this review we consider the similarities and differences in the function of PBX3 in different cancer types and draw together the core signaling pathways involved to help provide a better insight into its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Morgan
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1274-233225; Fax: +44-1274-233234
| | - Hardev S Pandha
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK;
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25
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Uckelmann HJ, Kim SM, Wong EM, Hatton C, Giovinazzo H, Gadrey JY, Krivtsov AV, Rücker FG, Döhner K, McGeehan GM, Levine RL, Bullinger L, Vassiliou GS, Armstrong SA. Therapeutic targeting of preleukemia cells in a mouse model of NPM1 mutant acute myeloid leukemia. Science 2020; 367:586-590. [PMID: 32001657 PMCID: PMC7754791 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax5863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The initiating mutations that contribute to cancer development are sometimes present in premalignant cells. Whether therapies targeting these mutations can eradicate premalignant cells is unclear. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an attractive system for investigating the effect of preventative treatment because this disease is often preceded by a premalignant state (clonal hematopoiesis or myelodysplastic syndrome). In Npm1c/Dnmt3a mutant knock-in mice, a model of AML development, leukemia is preceded by a period of extended myeloid progenitor cell proliferation and self-renewal. We found that this self-renewal can be reversed by oral administration of a small molecule (VTP-50469) that targets the MLL1-Menin chromatin complex. These preclinical results support the hypothesis that individuals at high risk of developing AML might benefit from targeted epigenetic therapy in a preventative setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J Uckelmann
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie M Kim
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric M Wong
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles Hatton
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hugh Giovinazzo
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jayant Y Gadrey
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrei V Krivtsov
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank G Rücker
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Konstanze Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Ross L Levine
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Scott A Armstrong
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston, MA, USA.
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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PBX3 Promotes Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis via Activation of AT1R/VEGFR2 Pathway in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8954513. [PMID: 32047817 PMCID: PMC7007751 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8954513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PBX3 (Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 3) had been considered to be a multifunctional oncogene which involved in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis in leukemia and some solid tumors. However, the contribution of PBX3 to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains unclear. In this study, we found that PBX3 expression was significantly upregulated in PTC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, and high levels of PBX3 were correlated with tumor size, lymphatic metastasis, TMN stage, and poor prognosis of PTC patients. Overexpression of PBX3 in PTC cell lines promoted cell proliferation. Consistently, knockdown of PBX3 by shRNA induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, and inhibited angiogenesis and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, PBX3 promoted PTC cell proliferation and angiogenesis through activation of AT1R/VEGFR2 pathway while overexpression of AT1R and treatment with VEGFA reversed PBX3-shRNA-induced decreased phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and its downstream (ERK1/2, AKT and Src). It demonstrated that PBX3 could be used as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PTC.
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27
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Luo H, Zhu G, Xu J, Lai Q, Yan B, Guo Y, Fung TK, Zeisig BB, Cui Y, Zha J, Cogle C, Wang F, Xu B, Yang FC, Li W, So CWE, Qiu Y, Xu M, Huang S. HOTTIP lncRNA Promotes Hematopoietic Stem Cell Self-Renewal Leading to AML-like Disease in Mice. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:645-659.e8. [PMID: 31786140 PMCID: PMC6917035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical for regulating HOX genes, aberration of which is a dominant mechanism for leukemic transformation. How HOX gene-associated lncRNAs regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function and contribute to leukemogenesis remains elusive. We found that HOTTIP is aberrantly activated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to alter HOXA-driven topologically associated domain (TAD) and gene expression. HOTTIP loss attenuates leukemogenesis of transplanted mice, while reactivation of HOTTIP restores leukemic TADs, transcription, and leukemogenesis in the CTCF-boundary-attenuated AML cells. Hottip aberration in mice abnormally promotes HSC self-renewal leading to AML-like disease by altering the homeotic/hematopoietic gene-associated chromatin signature and transcription program. Hottip aberration acts as an oncogenic event to perturb HSC function by reprogramming leukemic-associated chromatin and gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huacheng Luo
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Ganqian Zhu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qian Lai
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Bowen Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136; Department of Cell System & Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Tsz Kan Fung
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Bernd B Zeisig
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ya Cui
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jie Zha
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Christopher Cogle
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Feng-Chun Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136; Department of Cell System & Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Chi Wai Eric So
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK.
| | - Yi Qiu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136; Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Suming Huang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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28
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Wang F, Li Z, Wang G, Tian X, Zhou J, Yu W, Fan Z, Dong L, Lu J, Xu J, Zhang W, Liang A. Integrated transcriptomic and epigenetic data analysis identifiesaberrant expression of genes in acute myeloid leukemia with MLL‑AF9 translocation. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:883-893. [PMID: 31789407 PMCID: PMC6947934 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Rearrangement of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL; also known as lysine methyltransferase 2A) gene is a recurrent genomic aberration in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MLLT3, super elongation complex subunit (AF9) is one of the most common MLL fusion partners in AML. The present study aimed to explore the aberrant expression of genes associated with the MLL-AF9 translocation and identified potential new targets for the therapy of AML with MLL-AF9 translocation. The transcriptomic and epigenetic datasets were downloaded from National Center of Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes were obtained from two independent datasets (GSE68643 and GSE73457). Gene Ontology biological process and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis was performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. MLL-AF9-associated chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) data was analyzed and identified binding sites for MLL-AF9 and wild type MLL (MLL WT). The ChIP-Seq of histone modification data was downloaded from the GEO database, including histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), histone 3 lysine 79 dimethylation (H3K79me2) and histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac), was used for comparing histone modification marks between the MLL-AF9 leukemia cells and normal hematopoietic cells at MLL-AF9 and MLL WT binding sites. The differentially expressed genes with the same trend in H3K79me2, H3K27ac and H3K4me3 alteration were identified as potential MLL-AF9 direct target genes. Upon validation using RNA-Seq data from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments AML project, eight potential direct target genes of MLL-AF9 were identified and further confirmed in MLL-AF9 mouse model using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. These genes may have a critical role in AML with MLL-AF9 translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangce Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Guangming Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Tian
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Wenlei Yu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoyi Fan
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Lin Dong
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jinyuan Lu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- Medical Center for Stem Cell Engineering and Transformation, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Aibin Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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29
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Aberrant activation of RPB1 is critical for cell overgrowth in acute myeloid leukemia. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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30
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HoxA9 transforms murine myeloid cells by a feedback loop driving expression of key oncogenes and cell cycle control genes. Blood Adv 2019; 2:3137-3148. [PMID: 30463913 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018025866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic expression of the oncogenic transcription factor HoxA9 is a major cause of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we demonstrate that HoxA9 is a specific substrate of granule proteases. Protease knockout allowed the comprehensive determination of genome-wide HoxA9 binding sites by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing in primary murine cells and a human AML cell line. The kinetics of enhancer activity and transcription rates in response to alterations of an inducible HoxA9 were determined. This permitted identification of HoxA9-controlled enhancers and promoters, allocation to their respective transcription units, and discrimination against HoxA9-bound, but unresponsive, elements. HoxA9 triggered an elaborate positive-feedback loop that drove expression of the complete Hox-A locus. In addition, it controlled key oncogenic transcription factors Myc and Myb and directly induced the cell cycle regulators Cdk6 and CyclinD1, as well as telomerase, drawing the essential blueprint for perturbation of proliferation by leukemogenic HoxA9 expression.
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31
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Li J, Ahn JH, Wang GG. Understanding histone H3 lysine 36 methylation and its deregulation in disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2899-2916. [PMID: 31147750 PMCID: PMC11105573 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methylation of histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) plays crucial roles in the partitioning of chromatin to distinctive domains and the regulation of a wide range of biological processes. Trimethylation of H3K36 (H3K36me3) demarcates body regions of the actively transcribed genes, providing signals for modulating transcription fidelity, mRNA splicing and DNA damage repair; and di-methylation of H3K36 (H3K36me2) spreads out within large intragenic regions, regulating distribution of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and possibly DNA methylation. These H3K36 methylation-mediated events are biologically crucial and controlled by different classes of proteins responsible for either 'writing', 'reading' or 'erasing' of H3K36 methylation marks. Deregulation of H3K36 methylation and related regulatory factors leads to pathogenesis of disease such as developmental syndrome and cancer. Additionally, recurrent mutations of H3K36 and surrounding histone residues are detected in human tumors, further highlighting the importance of H3K36 in biology and medicine. This review will elaborate on current advances in understanding H3K36 methylation and related molecular players during various chromatin-templated cellular processes, their crosstalks with other chromatin factors, as well as their deregulations in the diseased contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jeong Hyun Ahn
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Gang Greg Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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32
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Sceberras V, Attico E, Bianchi E, Galaverni G, Melonari M, Corradini F, Fantacci M, Ribbene A, Losi L, Balò S, Lazzeri M, Trombetta C, Rizzo M, Manfredini R, Barbagli G, Pellegrini G. Preclinical study for treatment of hypospadias by advanced therapy medicinal products. World J Urol 2019; 38:2115-2122. [PMID: 31289843 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-019-02864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper explores the feasibility of a new therapy for the treatment of hypospadias patients. Hypospadias is a very common congenital malformation of male genitals, with very high rate of recurrences after surgery. The field of regenerative medicine, which offers innovative solutions for many pathologies, still does not offer reliable solution for this pathology. Here, we propose quality, safety, and clinical feasibility assessment for an oral mucosa advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP) grown on a biocompatible scaffold for a clinical study on urethral reconstruction of hypospadias patients. METHODS Urethral and oral mucosal epithelia from donor biopsies were cultivated between two fibrin layers, under clinical-grade conditions for cell and tissue characterization and comparison, aimed at tissue engineering. In addition, single-clone analyses were performed to analyze gene expression profiles of the two epithelia by microarray technology. RESULTS Oral mucosa appeared suitable for urethral reconstruction. The resulting ATMP was proven to maintain stem cells and regenerative potency. The preclinical safety studies were performed on human tissues to assess abnormalities and tumorigenicity, and confirmed the safety of the ATMP. Finally, the patient selection and the clinical protocol for the upcoming clinical trial were defined. CONCLUSIONS Against this backdrop, in this paper, we are proposing a new reproducible and reliable ATMP for the treatment of hypospadias.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sceberras
- Holostem Terapie Avanzate, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy
| | - E Attico
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy
| | - E Bianchi
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy
| | - G Galaverni
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy
| | - M Melonari
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy
| | - F Corradini
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy
| | - M Fantacci
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy
| | - A Ribbene
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy
| | - L Losi
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy
| | - S Balò
- Centro Chirurgico Toscano, Via dei Lecci 22, Arezzo, Italy
| | - M Lazzeri
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS, Clinical and Research Hospital (MI), Rozzano, Italy
| | - C Trombetta
- Department of Urology of Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Strada Fiume 447, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Rizzo
- Department of Urology of Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Strada Fiume 447, Trieste, Italy
| | - R Manfredini
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy
| | - G Barbagli
- Centro Chirurgico Toscano, Via dei Lecci 22, Arezzo, Italy
| | - G Pellegrini
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy. .,Holostem Terapie Avanzate, Via Gottardi 100, Modena, Italy.
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33
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Lambert M, Alioui M, Jambon S, Depauw S, Van Seuningen I, David-Cordonnier MH. Direct and Indirect Targeting of HOXA9 Transcription Factor in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060837. [PMID: 31213012 PMCID: PMC6627208 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
HOXA9 (Homeobox A9) is a homeotic transcription factor known for more than two decades to be associated with leukemia. The expression of HOXA9 homeoprotein is associated with anterior-posterior patterning during embryonic development, and its expression is then abolished in most adult cells, with the exception of hematopoietic progenitor cells. The oncogenic function of HOXA9 was first assessed in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML), particularly in the mixed-phenotype associated lineage leukemia (MPAL) subtype. HOXA9 expression in AML is associated with aggressiveness and a poor prognosis. Since then, HOXA9 has been involved in other hematopoietic malignancies and an increasing number of solid tumors. Despite this, HOXA9 was for a long time not targeted to treat cancer, mainly since, as a transcription factor, it belongs to a class of protein long considered to be an "undruggable" target; however, things have now evolved. The aim of the present review is to focus on the different aspects of HOXA9 targeting that could be achieved through multiple ways: (1) indirectly, through the inhibition of its expression, a strategy acting principally at the epigenetic level; or (2) directly, through the inhibition of its transcription factor function by acting at either the protein/protein interaction or the protein/DNA interaction interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Lambert
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Meryem Alioui
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Samy Jambon
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Sabine Depauw
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
| | - Isabelle Van Seuningen
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Marie-Hélène David-Cordonnier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert Neurosciences and Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, F-59045 Lille, France.
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Chu Y, Chen Y, Li M, Shi D, Wang B, Lian Y, Cheng X, Wang X, Xu M, Cheng T, Shi J, Yuan W. Six1 regulates leukemia stem cell maintenance in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2200-2210. [PMID: 31050834 PMCID: PMC6609858 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular genetic changes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) play crucial roles in leukemogenesis, including recurrent chromosome translocations, epigenetic/spliceosome mutations and transcription factor aberrations. Six1, a transcription factor of the Sine oculis homeobox (Six) family, has been shown to transform normal hematopoietic progenitors into leukemia in cooperation with Eya. However, the specific role and the underlying mechanism of Six1 in leukemia maintenance remain unexplored. Here, we showed increased expression of SIX1 in AML patients and murine leukemia stem cells (c‐Kit+ cells, LSCs). Importantly, we also observed that a higher level of Six1 in human patients predicts a worse prognosis. Notably, knockdown of Six1 significantly prolonged the survival of MLL‐AF9‐induced AML mice with reduced peripheral infiltration and tumor burden. AML cells from Six1‐knockdown (KD) mice displayed a significantly decreased number and function of LSC, as assessed by the immunophenotype, colony‐forming ability and limiting dilution assay. Further analysis revealed the augmented apoptosis of LSC and decreased expression of glycolytic genes in Six1 KD mice. Overall, our data showed that Six1 is essential for the progression of MLL‐AF9‐induced AML via maintaining the pool of LSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangpeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Mengke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Deyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Bichen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuelian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological disorders, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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El Ashkar S, Schwaller J, Pieters T, Goossens S, Demeulemeester J, Christ F, Van Belle S, Juge S, Boeckx N, Engelman A, Van Vlierberghe P, Debyser Z, De Rijck J. LEDGF/p75 is dispensable for hematopoiesis but essential for MLL-rearranged leukemogenesis. Blood 2018; 131:95-107. [PMID: 29084774 PMCID: PMC5755044 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-05-786962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) represents a genetically distinct and aggressive subset of human acute leukemia carrying chromosomal translocations of the MLL gene. These translocations result in oncogenic fusions that mediate aberrant recruitment of the transcription machinery to MLL target genes. The N-terminus of MLL and MLL-fusions form a complex with lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF/p75; encoded by the PSIP1 gene) and MENIN. This complex contributes to the association of MLL and MLL-fusion multiprotein complexes with the chromatin. Several studies have shown that both MENIN and LEDGF/p75 are required for efficient MLL-fusion-mediated transformation and for the expression of downstream MLL-regulated genes such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 In light of developing a therapeutic strategy targeting this complex, understanding the function of LEDGF/p75 in normal hematopoiesis is crucial. We generated a conditional Psip1 knockout mouse model in the hematopoietic compartment and examined the effects of LEDGF/p75 depletion in postnatal hematopoiesis and the initiation of MLL leukemogenesis. Psip1 knockout mice were viable but showed several defects in hematopoiesis, reduced colony-forming activity in vitro, decreased expression of Hox genes in the hematopoietic stem cells, and decreased MLL occupancy at MLL target genes. Finally, in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that LEDGF/p75 is dispensable for steady-state hematopoiesis but essential for the initiation of MLL-mediated leukemia. These data corroborate the MLL-LEDGF/p75 interaction as novel target for the treatment of MLL-rearranged leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara El Ashkar
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Juerg Schwaller
- Department of Biomedicine, University Children's Hospital (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tim Pieters
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Goossens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonas Demeulemeester
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frauke Christ
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Siska Van Belle
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sabine Juge
- Department of Biomedicine, University Children's Hospital (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nancy Boeckx
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Alan Engelman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Pieter Van Vlierberghe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zeger Debyser
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan De Rijck
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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36
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Cheng J, Qu L, Wang J, Cheng L, Wang Y. High expression of FLT3 is a risk factor in leukemia. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2885-2892. [PMID: 29257272 PMCID: PMC5783504 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that internal tandem duplication (ITD) of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) can result in the failure of leukemia treatment and contribute to a poor prognosis. However, the role of the overexpression of FLT3 in leukemia remains to be fully elucidated. By mining public database, the present study first identified that the expression of FLT3 in leukemia was markedly higher, compared with that in other types of tumor and cell lines, indicating that FLT3 is important in leukemia. In leukemia, FLT3 was found to be significantly upregulated in acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and a high expression of FLT3 contributed to reduced survival rates. By analyzing Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas data, it was found that genetic alterations and modification of DNA methylation increased the expression of FLT3 in leukemia. FLT3-ITD and FLT3 tyrosine kinase domain point mutations increased the expression of FLT3 in four independent datasets. In addition, the status of FLT3 gene methylation was negatively correlated with the expression of FLT3, and haploinsufficiency of DNA methyltransferase 1 increased the expression of Flt3 in mouse leukemia cells. By analyzing the enrichment of differentially-expressed genes in chemical and genetic perturbation datasets, it was found that genes, which were upregulated in the FLT3 high expression group had myeloid lymphoid leukemia- and nucleophosmin 1-like signatures, indicating that the overexpression of FLT3 may use the same mechanism to promote leukemia. Collectively, the results of the present study showed that the overexpression of FLT3 is a potential risk factor in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Qu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Lemei Cheng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
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37
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Li H, Sun G, Liu C, Wang J, Jing R, Wang J, Zhao X, Xu X, Yang Y. PBX3 is associated with proliferation and poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:5685-5694. [PMID: 29225475 PMCID: PMC5709993 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s150139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 3 (PBX3) is upregulated in various malignancies; however, the role of PBX3 in cervical cancer (CC) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the expression characteristics, clinicopathological significance, and molecular biological function of PBX3 in CC. The expression levels of PBX3 were analyzed in CC cell lines and tumor specimens by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. The clinicopathological characteristics associated with PBX3 expression were evaluated. An RNA interference approach was employed to suppress PBX3 expression in CC in vitro and in vivo, determine its role in cell proliferation and analyze its molecular function. We found that PBX3 expression was significantly upregulated in CC cell lines and clinical specimens compared with normal cells and adjacent nontumorous cervical tissues. PBX3 was an independent predictive factor of poor prognosis, and its expression was correlated with tumor diameter, pathological grading, lymph node metastasis, invasion depth, vascular invasion, and clinical stage of CC. Multivariate analysis suggested that PBX3 expression may represent an independent prognostic indicator of the survival of CC patients. CC patients with high PBX3 expression exhibited reduced overall survival compared with those with low PBX3 expression. Additionally, stable downregulation of PBX3 expression in CC cell lines suppressed cell proliferation and decreased p-AKT protein expression levels in vitro. Similarly, in vivo assays demonstrated that PBX3 downregulation in CC cells markedly inhibited tumor size and weight. Overall, we demonstrated that PBX3 can promote CC cell proliferation via the AKT signaling pathway and that it may serve as a prognostic marker. Our data indicate that inactivation of PBX3 may be an effective clinical treatment for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City.,Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou
| | - Gaogao Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Longhua District People's Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Rong Jing
- Department of Gynecology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Longhua District People's Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Xiaohuan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City
| | - Yongxiu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City.,Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou
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38
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW HOXA9 is a homeodomain transcription factor that plays an essential role in normal hematopoiesis and acute leukemia, in which its overexpression is strongly correlated with poor prognosis. The present review highlights recent advances in the understanding of genetic alterations leading to deregulation of HOXA9 and the downstream mechanisms of HOXA9-mediated transformation. RECENT FINDINGS A variety of genetic alterations including MLL translocations, NUP98-fusions, NPM1 mutations, CDX deregulation, and MOZ-fusions lead to high-level HOXA9 expression in acute leukemias. The mechanisms resulting in HOXA9 overexpression are beginning to be defined and represent attractive therapeutic targets. Small molecules targeting MLL-fusion protein complex members, such as DOT1L and menin, have shown promising results in animal models, and a DOT1L inhibitor is currently being tested in clinical trials. Essential HOXA9 cofactors and collaborators are also being identified, including transcription factors PU.1 and C/EBPα, which are required for HOXA9-driven leukemia. HOXA9 targets including IGF1, CDX4, INK4A/INK4B/ARF, mir-21, and mir-196b and many others provide another avenue for potential drug development. SUMMARY HOXA9 deregulation underlies a large subset of aggressive acute leukemias. Understanding the mechanisms regulating the expression and activity of HOXA9, along with its critical downstream targets, shows promise for the development of more selective and effective leukemia therapies.
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Lopez CK, Malinge S, Gaudry M, Bernard OA, Mercher T. Pediatric Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia: Multitasking Fusion Proteins and Oncogenic Cooperations. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:631-642. [PMID: 28867167 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric leukemia presents specific clinical and genetic features from adult leukemia but the underpinning mechanisms of transformation are still unclear. Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is the malignant accumulation of progenitors of the megakaryocyte lineage that normally produce blood platelets. AMKL is diagnosed de novo, in patients showing a poor prognosis, or in Down syndrome (DS) patients with a better prognosis. Recent data show that de novo AMKL is primarily associated with chromosomal alterations leading to the expression of fusions between transcriptional regulators. This review highlights the most recurrent genetic events found in de novo pediatric AMKL patients and, based on recent functional analyses, proposes a mechanism of leukemogenesis common to de novo and DS-AMKL.
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MESH Headings
- Age Factors
- Animals
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Lineage/genetics
- Child
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/etiology
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/pathology
- Megakaryocytes/metabolism
- Megakaryocytes/pathology
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile K Lopez
- INSERM U1170, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 94800 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Sébastien Malinge
- INSERM U1170, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 94800 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Muriel Gaudry
- INSERM U1170, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 94800 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Olivier A Bernard
- INSERM U1170, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 94800 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Mercher
- INSERM U1170, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 94800 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France; Université Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France.
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40
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ALOX5 exhibits anti-tumor and drug-sensitizing effects in MLL-rearranged leukemia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1853. [PMID: 28500307 PMCID: PMC5431828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01913-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MLL-rearranged acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a fatal disease with a high rate of relapse and therapeutic failure due to chemotherapy resistance. In analysis of our Affymetrix microarray profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, we found that ALOX5 is especially down-regulated in MLL-rearranged AML, via transcription repression mediated by Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). Colony forming/replating and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) assays showed that Alox5 exhibited a moderate anti-tumor effect both in vitro and in vivo. Strikingly, leukemic cells with Alox5 overexpression showed a significantly higher sensitivity to the standard chemotherapeutic agents, i.e., doxorubicin (DOX) and cytarabine (Ara-C). The drug-sensitizing role of Alox5 was further confirmed in human and murine MLL-rearranged AML cell models in vitro, as well as in the in vivo MLL-rearranged AML BMT model coupled with treatment of “5 + 3” (i.e. DOX plus Ara-C) regimen. Stat and K-Ras signaling pathways were negatively correlated with Alox5 overexpression in MLL-AF9-leukemic blast cells; inhibition of the above signaling pathways mimicked the drug-sensitizing effect of ALOX5 in AML cells. Collectively, our work shows that ALOX5 plays a moderate anti-tumor role and functions as a drug sensitizer, with a therapeutic potential, in MLL-rearranged AML.
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Guo H, Chu Y, Wang L, Chen X, Chen Y, Cheng H, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Yang FC, Cheng T, Xu M, Zhang X, Zhou J, Yuan W. PBX3 is essential for leukemia stem cell maintenance in MLL-rearranged leukemia. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:324-335. [PMID: 28411381 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Interaction of HOXA9/MEIS1/PBX3 is responsible for hematopoietic system transformation in MLL-rearranged (MLL-r) leukemia. Of these genes, HOXA9 has been shown to be critical for leukemia cell survival, while MEIS1 has been identified as an essential regulator for leukemia stem cell (LSC) maintenance. Although significantly high expression of PBX3 was observed in clinical acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples, the individual role of PBX3 in leukemia development is still largely unknown. In this study, we explored the specific role of PBX3 and its associated regulatory network in leukemia progression. By analyzing the clinical database, we found that the high expression of PBX3 is significantly correlated with a poor prognosis in AML patients. ChIP-Seq/qPCR analysis in MLL-r mouse models revealed aberrant epigenetic modifications with increased H3K79me2, and decreased H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 levels in LSCs, which may account for the high expression levels of Pbx3. To further examine the role of Pbx3 in AML maintenance and progression, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to delete Pbx3 in leukemic cells in the MLL-AF9 induced AML mouse model. We found that Pbx3 deletion significantly prolonged the survival of leukemic mice and decreased the leukemia burden by decreasing the capacity of LSCs and promoting LSC apoptosis. In conclusion, we found that PBX3 is epigenetically aberrant in the LSCs of MLL-r AML and is essential for leukemia development. Significantly, the differential expression of PBX3 in normal and malignant hematopoietic cells suggests PBX3 as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for MLL-r leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yangpeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng-Chun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weiping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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