1
|
Leukes VN, Dorhoi A, Malherbe ST, Maasdorp E, Khoury J, McAnda S, Walzl G, du Plessis N. Targeting of myeloid-derived suppressor cells by all-trans retinoic acid as host-directed therapy for human tuberculosis. Cell Immunol 2021; 364:104359. [PMID: 33865151 PMCID: PMC8493473 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Conventional anti-tuberculosis (TB) therapies comprise lengthy antibiotic treatment regimens, exacerbated by multi-drug resistant and extensively drug resistant mycobacterial strains. We assessed the ability of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), as repurposed compound serving as host-directed therapy (HDT), to counteract the suppressive effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) obtained from active TB cases (untreated or during week one of treatment) on T-cell responsiveness. We show for the first time that MDSCs suppress non-specific T-cell activation and production of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-13 and GM-CSF via contact-dependent mechanisms. ATRA treatment decreases MDSC frequency, but fails to mature MDSCs to non-suppressive, terminally differentiated myeloid cells and does not restore T-cell function or cytokine production in the presence of MDSCs. The impact of ATRA treatment on improved immunity, using the concentration tested here, is likely to be minimal, but further identification and development of MDSC-targeting TB host-directed therapies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinzeigh N Leukes
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anca Dorhoi
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephanus T Malherbe
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elizna Maasdorp
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Justine Khoury
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shirley McAnda
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nelita du Plessis
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Caputo S, Grioni M, Brambillasca CS, Monno A, Brevi A, Freschi M, Piras IS, Elia AR, Pieri V, Baccega T, Lombardo A, Galli R, Briganti A, Doglioni C, Jachetti E, Bellone M. Galectin-3 in Prostate Cancer Stem-Like Cells Is Immunosuppressive and Drives Early Metastasis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1820. [PMID: 33013832 PMCID: PMC7516304 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is an extracellular matrix glycan-binding protein with several immunosuppressive and pro-tumor functions. The role of Galectin-3 in cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) is poorly investigated. Here, we show that prostate CSCs also colonizing prostate-draining lymph nodes of transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice overexpress Gal-3. Gal-3 contributes to prostate CSC-mediated immune suppression because either Gal-3 silencing in CSCs, or co-culture of CSCs and T cells in the presence of the Gal-3 inhibitor N-Acetyl-D-lactosamine rescued T cell proliferation. N-Acetyl-D-lactosamine also rescued the proliferation of T cells in prostate-draining lymph nodes of TRAMP mice affected by prostate intraepithelial neoplasia. Additionally, Gal-3 impacted prostate CSC tumorigenic and metastatic potential in vivo, as Gal-3 silencing in prostate CSCs reduced both primary tumor growth and secondary invasion. Gal-3 was also found expressed in more differentiated prostate cancer cells, but with different intracellular distribution as compared to CSCs, which suggests different functions of Gal-3 in the two cell populations. In fact, the prevalent nuclear and cytoplasmic distribution of Gal-3 in prostate CSCs made them less susceptible to apoptosis, when compared to more differentiated prostate cancer cells, in which Gal-3 was predominantly intra-cytoplasmic. Finally, we found Gal-3 expressed in human and mouse prostate intraepithelial neoplasia lesions and in metastatic lymph nodes. All together, these findings identify Gal-3 as a key molecule and a potential therapeutic target already in the early phases of prostate cancer progression and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Caputo
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,NET-IMPACT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Grioni
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,NET-IMPACT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara S Brambillasca
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,NET-IMPACT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Monno
- Innate Immunity and Tissue Remodeling Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Brevi
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,NET-IMPACT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Freschi
- NET-IMPACT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ignazio S Piras
- Neurogenomics Division, Center for Rare Childhood Disorders (C4RCD), Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Angela R Elia
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,NET-IMPACT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Pieri
- Neural Stem Cell Biology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Tania Baccega
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Lombardo
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossella Galli
- Neural Stem Cell Biology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Briganti
- NET-IMPACT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Urology and URI, Division of Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- NET-IMPACT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Jachetti
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,NET-IMPACT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bellone
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,NET-IMPACT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cortesi F, Delfanti G, Grilli A, Calcinotto A, Gorini F, Pucci F, Lucianò R, Grioni M, Recchia A, Benigni F, Briganti A, Salonia A, De Palma M, Bicciato S, Doglioni C, Bellone M, Casorati G, Dellabona P. Bimodal CD40/Fas-Dependent Crosstalk between iNKT Cells and Tumor-Associated Macrophages Impairs Prostate Cancer Progression. Cell Rep 2019. [PMID: 29539427 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotypic cellular and molecular interactions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) control cancer progression. Here, we show that CD1d-restricted invariant natural killer (iNKT) cells control prostate cancer (PCa) progression by sculpting the TME. In a mouse PCa model, iNKT cells restrained the pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive capabilities of tumor-infiltrating immune cells by reducing pro-angiogenic TIE2+, M2-like macrophages (TEMs), and sustaining pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages. iNKT cells directly contacted macrophages in the PCa stroma, and iNKT cell transfer into tumor-bearing mice abated TEMs, delaying tumor progression. iNKT cells modulated macrophages through the cooperative engagement of CD1d, Fas, and CD40, which promoted selective killing of M2-like and survival of M1-like macrophages. Human PCa aggressiveness associate with reduced intra-tumoral iNKT cells, increased TEMs, and expression of pro-angiogenic genes, underscoring the clinical significance of this crosstalk. Therefore, iNKT cells may control PCa through mechanisms involving differential macrophage modulation, which may be harnessed for therapeutically reprogramming the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cortesi
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20123, Italy
| | - Gloria Delfanti
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20123, Italy
| | - Andrea Grilli
- Center for Genome Research Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; PhD Program of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20090 Segrate, Italy
| | - Arianna Calcinotto
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20123, Italy
| | - Francesca Gorini
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20123, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Lucianò
- Division of Pathology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20123, Italy
| | - Matteo Grioni
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20123, Italy
| | - Alessandra Recchia
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Benigni
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan 20123, Italy
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan 20123, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan 20123, Italy; San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, Milan 20123, Italy
| | - Michele De Palma
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Center for Genome Research Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Division of Pathology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20123, Italy; San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, Milan 20123, Italy
| | - Matteo Bellone
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20123, Italy.
| | - Giulia Casorati
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20123, Italy.
| | - Paolo Dellabona
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20123, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Weed DT, Zilio S, Reis IM, Sargi Z, Abouyared M, Gomez-Fernandez CR, Civantos FJ, Rodriguez CP, Serafini P. The Reversal of Immune Exclusion Mediated by Tadalafil and an Anti-tumor Vaccine Also Induces PDL1 Upregulation in Recurrent Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Interim Analysis of a Phase I Clinical Trial. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1206. [PMID: 31214178 PMCID: PMC6554471 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid Derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a key role in the progression and recurrence of human malignancies and in restraining the efficacy of adjuvant therapies. We have previously shown that Tadalafil lowers MDSCs and regulatory T cells (Treg) in the blood and in the tumor, primes a tumor specific immune response, and increases the number of activated intratumoral CD8+T cells in patients with primary Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). However, despite these important immune modulatory actions, to date no clinically significant effects have been reported following PDE5 inhibition. Here we report for the first time interim results of our ongoing phase I clinical trial (NCT02544880) in patients with recurrent HNSCC to evaluate the safety of and immunological effects of combining Tadalafil with the antitumor vaccine composed of Mucin1 (MUC1) and polyICLC. The combined treatment of Tadalafil and MUC1/polyICLC vaccine was well-tolerated with no serious adverse events or treatment limiting toxicities. Immunologically, this trial also confirms the positive immunomodulation of Tadalafil in patients with recurrent HNSCC and suggests an adjuvant effect of the anti-tumor vaccine MUC1/polyICLC. Additionally, image cytometry analysis of scanned tumors indicates that the PDE5 inhibitor Tadalafil in conjunction with the MUC1/polyICLC vaccine effectively reduces the number of PDL1+macrophages present at the tumor edge, and increases the number of activated tumor infiltrating T cells, suggesting reversion of immune exclusion. However, this analysis shows also that CD163 negative cells within the tumor upregulate PDL1 after treatment, suggesting the instauration of additional mechanisms of immune evasion. In summary, our data confirm the safety and immunologic potential of PDE5 inhibition in HNSCC but also point to PDL1 as additional mechanism of tumor evasion. This supports the rationale for combining checkpoint and PDE5 inhibitors for the treatment of human malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald T Weed
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Serena Zilio
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Isildinha M Reis
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Sylvester Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Core Resource, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Zoukaa Sargi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Marianne Abouyared
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Carmen R Gomez-Fernandez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Francisco J Civantos
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Carla P Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Paolo Serafini
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aoun F, Slaoui A, Walid AHO, Albisinni S, Assenmacher G, de Plaen E, Azzo JM, Peltier A, Roumeguère T. Association between phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and prostate cancer: A systematic review. Prog Urol 2018; 28:560-566. [PMID: 30201551 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aim to assess the effect of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5I) on prostate cancer risk as well on biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. METHOD We performed a research using the following keywords "Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors" and "Prostate cancer". Only trials examining the effect of PDE5I on prostate cancer risk and recurrence after radical prostatectomy were included. RESULTS Seventeen preclinical trials and seven clinical trials were included. Preclinical studies demonstrate a pivotal role for PDE5I as a modulator of apoptosis preventing prostate carcinogenesis. The clinical benefit of PDE5I was not demonstrated. PDE5I use was not associated with decreased prostate cancer diagnosis in two retrospective cohort studies. Biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy was not lower (nor higher) in patients taking PDE5I in three retrospective case match studies. CONCLUSION Based on this review, a change in our practice regarding pharmacological reeducation after radical prostatectomy is not justified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Aoun
- Service d'urologie, institut Jules-Bordet, université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique; Service d'urologie, hôtel Dieu-de-France, université Saint-Joseph, Beyrouth, Liban.
| | - Amine Slaoui
- Service d'urologie, institut Jules-Bordet, université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique; Service urologie B hôpital avicenne, université Mohamed-V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Al Hajj Obeid Walid
- Service d'urologie, cliniques universitaires de Bruxelles, hôpital Erasme, université Libre-de-Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Simone Albisinni
- Service d'urologie, cliniques universitaires de Bruxelles, hôpital Erasme, université Libre-de-Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Grégoire Assenmacher
- Service d'urologie, institut Jules-Bordet, université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Elea de Plaen
- Service d'urologie, institut Jules-Bordet, université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique; Service d'urologie, cliniques universitaires de Bruxelles, hôpital Erasme, université Libre-de-Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Jean-Michel Azzo
- Service d'urologie, hôpital Mont-Liban, université Libano-Américaine, Beyrouth, Liban
| | - Alexandre Peltier
- Service d'urologie, institut Jules-Bordet, université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Thierry Roumeguère
- Service d'urologie, cliniques universitaires de Bruxelles, hôpital Erasme, université Libre-de-Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pantziarka P, Sukhatme V, Crispino S, Bouche G, Meheus L, Sukhatme VP. Repurposing drugs in oncology (ReDO)-selective PDE5 inhibitors as anti-cancer agents. Ecancermedicalscience 2018; 12:824. [PMID: 29743944 PMCID: PMC5931815 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2018.824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, including sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil, are widely-used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. They are also well-known as examples of successful drug repurposing in that they were initially developed for angina and only later developed for erectile dysfunction. However, these drugs may also be effective cancer treatments. A range of evidentiary sources are assessed in this paper and the case made that there is pre-clinical and clinical evidence that these drugs may offer clinical benefit in a range of cancers. In particular, evidence is presented that these drugs have potent immunomodulatory activity that warrants clinical study in combination with check-point inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Pantziarka
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, Strombeek-Bever 1853, Belgium.,The George Pantziarka TP53 Trust, London KT1 2JP, UK
| | | | | | | | - Lydie Meheus
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, Strombeek-Bever 1853, Belgium
| | - Vikas P Sukhatme
- GlobalCures Inc., Newton, MA 02459, USA.,Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Anani W, Shurin MR. Targeting Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1036:105-128. [PMID: 29275468 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-67577-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) represent only a minor fraction of circulating blood cells but play an important role in tumor formation and progression. They are a heterogeneous group of cells that influence the tumor microenvironment by depletion of amino acids, oxidative stress, decreased trafficking of antitumor effector cells, and increased regulatory T and regulatory dendritic cell responses. Investigational treatment strategies targeting MDSCs have attempted to inhibit MDSC development and expansion (stem cell factor blockade, modulate of cell signaling, and target MDSC migration and recruitment), inhibit MDSC function (nitric oxide inhibition and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species inhibition), differentiate MDSCs into more mature cells (Vitamins A and D, all-trans retinoic acid, interleukin-2, toll-like receptor 9 inhibitors, taxanes, beta-glucan particles, tumor-derived exosome inhibition, and very small size proteoliposomes), and destroy MDSCs (cytotoxic agents, ephrin A2 degradation, anti-interleukin 13, and histamine blockers). To date, there are no Food and Drug Administration approved therapies selectively targeting MDSCs, but such therapies are likely to be implemented in the future, due to the key role of MDSCs in antitumor immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Anani
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Michael R Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu YJ, Dou XQ, Wang F, Zhang J, Wang XL, Xu GL, Xiang SS, Gao X, Fu J, Song HF. IL-4Rα aptamer-liposome-CpG oligodeoxynucleotides suppress tumour growth by targeting the tumour microenvironment. J Drug Target 2016; 25:275-283. [PMID: 27819142 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2016.1258569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumour immunosuppressive microenvironments inhibit antigen-specific cellular responses and interfere with CpG-mediated immunotherapy. Overcoming tumour microenvironment (TME) immunosuppression is an important strategy for effective therapy. This study investigated the ability of a tumour-targeting IL-4Rα aptamer-liposome-CpG ODN delivery system to introduce CpG into tumours and overcome the immunosuppressive TME. The IL-4Rα-liposome-CpG delivery system was prepared. FAM-CpG visualisation was used to demonstrate tumour targeting in vitro and in vivo. Anti-tumour effects of this delivery system were evaluated in CT26 tumour-bearing mice. Mechanisms for conquering the TME were investigated. FAM-CpG was better distributed into the tumours upon treatment with IL-4Rα-liposome-FAM-CpG compared to distribution in the control group in vitro and in vivo. IL-4Rα-aptamer-liposome-CpG treatment inhibited distinct myeloid-derived suppressor cell populations in tumours and bone marrow. Similar profiles were observed for regulatory T cells in tumours. In CT26 tumour-bearing mice, IL-4Rα-liposome-CpG treatment exhibited enhanced anti-tumour activity. Increased mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-12, and decreased mRNA levels of VEGF, IL-6, IL-10, MMP9, arginase-1, inducible NOS, CXCL9, p-Stat3, and NF-κB were observed in tumours upon IL-4R-liposome-CpG-treatment. The results suggested that pharmacologic targeting by the IL-4R aptamer-liposome-CpG system improves TME therapeutic benefit and provides a rationale for cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Liu
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qian Dou
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wang
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Li Xu
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Shen-Si Xiang
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Gao
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Fu
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Song
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu M, Zhou J, Chen Z, Cheng ASL. Understanding the epigenetic regulation of tumours and their microenvironments: opportunities and problems for epigenetic therapy. J Pathol 2016; 241:10-24. [PMID: 27770445 DOI: 10.1002/path.4832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment plays an instrumental role in cancer development, progression and treatment response/resistance. Accumulating evidence is underscoring the fundamental importance of epigenetic regulation in tumour immune evasion. Following many pioneering discoveries demonstrating malignant transformation through epigenetic anomalies ('epimutations'), there is also a growing emphasis on elucidating aberrant epigenetic mechanisms that reprogramme the milieu of tumour-associated immune and stromal cells towards an immunosuppressive state. Pharmacological inhibition of DNA methylation and histone modifications can augment the efficiency of immune checkpoint blockage, and unleash anti-tumour T-cell responses. However, these non-specific agents also represent a 'double-edged sword', as they can also reactivate gene transcription of checkpoint molecules, interrupting immune surveillance programmes. By understanding the impact of epigenetic control on the tumour microenvironment, rational combinatorial epigenetic and checkpoint blockage therapies have the potential to harness the immune system for the treatment of cancer. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Jingying Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- AIDS Institute and Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Alfred Sze-Lok Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bronte V, Brandau S, Chen SH, Colombo MP, Frey AB, Greten TF, Mandruzzato S, Murray PJ, Ochoa A, Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Rodriguez PC, Sica A, Umansky V, Vonderheide RH, Gabrilovich DI. Recommendations for myeloid-derived suppressor cell nomenclature and characterization standards. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12150. [PMID: 27381735 PMCID: PMC4935811 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1956] [Impact Index Per Article: 244.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have emerged as major regulators of immune responses in cancer and other pathological conditions. In recent years, ample evidence supports key contributions of MDSC to tumour progression through both immune-mediated mechanisms and those not directly associated with immune suppression. MDSC are the subject of intensive research with >500 papers published in 2015 alone. However, the phenotypic, morphological and functional heterogeneity of these cells generates confusion in investigation and analysis of their roles in inflammatory responses. The purpose of this communication is to suggest characterization standards in the burgeoning field of MDSC research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Bronte
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Sven Brandau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, Essen D-45122, Germany
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Mario P. Colombo
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Molecular Immunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Alan B. Frey
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Tim F. Greten
- GI-Malignancy Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Susanna Mandruzzato
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Section of Oncology and Immunology, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Peter J. Murray
- Departments of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Augusto Ochoa
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | | | | | - Antonio Sica
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale ‘Amedeo Avogadro', via Bovio 6, Novara 20089, Italy
| | - Viktor Umansky
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim 69120, Germany
| | - Robert H. Vonderheide
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Dmitry I. Gabrilovich
- Translational Tumor Immunology, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dufait I, Schwarze JK, Liechtenstein T, Leonard W, Jiang H, Escors D, De Ridder M, Breckpot K. Ex vivo generation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells that model the tumor immunosuppressive environment in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:12369-82. [PMID: 25869209 PMCID: PMC4494944 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of cells that accumulate in tumor-bearing subjects and which strongly inhibit anti-cancer immune responses. To study the biology of MDSC in colorectal cancer (CRC), we cultured bone marrow cells in conditioned medium from CT26 cells, which are genetically modified to secrete high levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. This resulted in the generation of high numbers of CD11b(+) Ly6G(+) granulocytic and CD11b(+) Ly6C(+) monocytic MDSC, which closely resemble those found within the tumor but not the spleen of CT26 tumor-bearing mice. Such MDSC potently inhibited T-cell responses in vitro, a process that could be reversed upon blocking of arginase-1 or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). We confirmed that inhibition of arginase-1 or iNOS in vivo resulted in the stimulation of cytotoxic T-cell responses. A delay in tumor growth was observed upon functional repression of both enzymes. These data confirm the role of MDSC as inhibitors of T-cell-mediated immune responses in CRC. Moreover, MDSC differentiated in vitro from bone marrow cells using conditioned medium of GM-CSF-secreting CT26 cells, represent a valuable platform to study/identify drugs that counteract MDSC activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inès Dufait
- UZ Brussel, Department of Radiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Therese Liechtenstein
- Navarrabiomed-Fundaçion Miguel Servet, Immunomodulation Group, Pamplona, Spain.,Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Wim Leonard
- UZ Brussel, Department of Radiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heng Jiang
- UZ Brussel, Department of Radiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Escors
- Navarrabiomed-Fundaçion Miguel Servet, Immunomodulation Group, Pamplona, Spain.,Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mark De Ridder
- UZ Brussel, Department of Radiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kumar V, Patel S, Tcyganov E, Gabrilovich DI. The Nature of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. Trends Immunol 2016. [PMID: 26858199 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2016.01.004.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are one of the major components of the tumor microenvironment. The main feature of these cells is their potent immune suppressive activity. MDSC are generated in the bone marrow and, in tumor-bearing hosts, migrate to peripheral lymphoid organs and the tumor to contribute to the formation of the tumor microenvironment. Recent findings have revealed differences in the function and fate of MDSC in the tumor and peripheral lymphoid organs. We review these findings here and, in this context, we discuss the current understanding as to the nature of these differences, the underlying mechanisms, and their potential impact on the regulation of tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinit Kumar
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Sima Patel
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kumar V, Patel S, Tcyganov E, Gabrilovich DI. The Nature of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. Trends Immunol 2016; 37:208-220. [PMID: 26858199 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1410] [Impact Index Per Article: 176.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are one of the major components of the tumor microenvironment. The main feature of these cells is their potent immune suppressive activity. MDSC are generated in the bone marrow and, in tumor-bearing hosts, migrate to peripheral lymphoid organs and the tumor to contribute to the formation of the tumor microenvironment. Recent findings have revealed differences in the function and fate of MDSC in the tumor and peripheral lymphoid organs. We review these findings here and, in this context, we discuss the current understanding as to the nature of these differences, the underlying mechanisms, and their potential impact on the regulation of tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinit Kumar
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Sima Patel
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jachetti E, Caputo S, Mazzoleni S, Brambillasca CS, Parigi SM, Grioni M, Piras IS, Restuccia U, Calcinotto A, Freschi M, Bachi A, Galli R, Bellone M. Tenascin-C Protects Cancer Stem-like Cells from Immune Surveillance by Arresting T-cell Activation. Cancer Res 2015; 75:2095-108. [PMID: 25808872 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-2346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Precociously disseminated cancer cells may seed quiescent sites of future metastasis if they can protect themselves from immune surveillance. However, there is little knowledge about how such sites might be achieved. Here, we present evidence that prostate cancer stem-like cells (CSC) can be found in histopathologically negative prostate draining lymph nodes (PDLN) in mice harboring oncogene-driven prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (mPIN). PDLN-derived CSCs were phenotypically and functionally identical to CSC obtained from mPIN lesions, but distinct from CSCs obtained from frank prostate tumors. CSC derived from either PDLN or mPIN used the extracellular matrix protein Tenascin-C (TNC) to inhibit T-cell receptor-dependent T-cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. Mechanistically, TNC interacted with α5β1 integrin on the cell surface of T cells, inhibiting reorganization of the actin-based cytoskeleton therein required for proper T-cell activation. CSC from both PDLN and mPIN lesions also expressed CXCR4 and migrated in response to its ligand CXCL12, which was overexpressed in PDLN upon mPIN development. CXCR4 was critical for the development of PDLN-derived CSC, as in vivo administration of CXCR4 inhibitors prevented establishment in PDLN of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Taken together, our work establishes a pivotal role for TNC in tuning the local immune response to establish equilibrium between disseminated nodal CSC and the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Jachetti
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Cellular Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Caputo
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Cellular Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Mazzoleni
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Neural Stem Cell Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Svetlana Brambillasca
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Cellular Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Martina Parigi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Cellular Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Grioni
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Cellular Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Restuccia
- Mass Spectrometry Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Calcinotto
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Cellular Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. Mass Spectrometry Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Freschi
- Unità Operativa Anatomia Patologica, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Bachi
- Mass Spectrometry Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossella Galli
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Neural Stem Cell Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bellone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Cellular Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shen L, Sundstedt A, Ciesielski M, Miles KM, Celander M, Adelaiye R, Orillion A, Ciamporcero E, Ramakrishnan S, Ellis L, Fenstermaker R, Abrams SI, Eriksson H, Leanderson T, Olsson A, Pili R. Tasquinimod modulates suppressive myeloid cells and enhances cancer immunotherapies in murine models. Cancer Immunol Res 2014; 3:136-48. [PMID: 25370534 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-14-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A major barrier for cancer immunotherapy is the presence of suppressive cell populations in patients with cancer, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), which contribute to the immunosuppressive microenvironment that promotes tumor growth and metastasis. Tasquinimod is a novel antitumor agent that is currently at an advanced stage of clinical development for treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. A target of tasquinimod is the inflammatory protein S100A9, which has been demonstrated to affect the accumulation and function of tumor-suppressive myeloid cells. Here, we report that tasquinimod provided a significant enhancement to the antitumor effects of two different immunotherapeutics in mouse models of cancer: a tumor vaccine (SurVaxM) for prostate cancer and a tumor-targeted superantigen (TTS) for melanoma. In the combination strategies, tasquinimod inhibited distinct MDSC populations and TAMs of the M2-polarized phenotype (CD206(+)). CD11b(+) myeloid cells isolated from tumors of treated mice expressed lower levels of arginase-1 and higher levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and were less immunosuppressive ex vivo, which translated into a significantly reduced tumor-promoting capacity in vivo when these cells were coinjected with tumor cells. Tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells were increased markedly in the circulation and in tumors. Furthermore, T-cell effector functions, including cell-mediated cytotoxicity and IFNγ production, were potentiated. Taken together, these data suggest that pharmacologic targeting of suppressive myeloid cells by tasquinimod induces therapeutic benefit and provide the rationale for clinical testing of tasquinimod in combination with cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - Michael Ciesielski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | | | | | - Remi Adelaiye
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Ashley Orillion
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Eric Ciamporcero
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - Leigh Ellis
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Robert Fenstermaker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Scott I Abrams
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - Tomas Leanderson
- Active Biotech AB, Lund, Sweden. Immunology Group, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Roberto Pili
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pappalardo F, Pennisi M, Ricupito A, Topputo F, Bellone M. Induction of T-cell memory by a dendritic cell vaccine: a computational model. Bioinformatics 2014; 30:1884-91. [DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
17
|
The role of inflammation in prostate cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 816:153-81. [PMID: 24818723 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0837-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the United States and in "Westernized" countries, the prevalence of both prostate cancer and prostate inflammation is very high, indicating that the two pathologies could be causally related. Indeed, chronic inflammation is now regarded as an "enabling" characteristic of human cancer. Prostate cancer incidence is thought to be mediated in part by genetics, but also by environmental exposures, including the same exposures that may contribute to the development of prostatic inflammation. As our understanding of the role of inflammation in cancer deepens, it is increasingly apparent that "inflammation" as a whole is a complex entity that does not always play a negative role in cancer etiology. In fact, inflammation can play potentially dichotomous (both pro and antitumorigenic) roles depending on the nature and the cellular makeup of the immune response. This chapter will focus on reviewing the current state of knowledge on the role of innate and adaptive immune cells within the prostate tumor microenvironment and their seemingly complex role in prostate cancer in preventing versus promoting initiation and progression of the disease.
Collapse
|
18
|
Redmond WL, Linch SN, Kasiewicz MJ. Combined targeting of costimulatory (OX40) and coinhibitory (CTLA-4) pathways elicits potent effector T cells capable of driving robust antitumor immunity. Cancer Immunol Res 2013; 2:142-53. [PMID: 24778278 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-13-0031-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ligation of the TNF receptor family costimulatory molecule OX40 (CD134) with an agonist anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody (mAb) enhances antitumor immunity by augmenting T-cell differentiation as well as turning off the suppressive activity of the FoxP3(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). In addition, antibody-mediated blockade of the checkpoint inhibitor CTLA-4 releases the "brakes" on T cells to augment tumor immunotherapy. However, monotherapy with these agents has limited therapeutic benefit particularly against poorly immunogenic murine tumors. Therefore, we examined whether the administration of agonist anti-OX40 therapy in the presence of CTLA-4 blockade would enhance tumor immunotherapy. Combined anti-OX40/anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy significantly enhanced tumor regression and the survival of tumor-bearing hosts in a CD4 and CD8 T cell-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies revealed that the combination immunotherapy directed the expansion of effector T-bet(high)/Eomes(high) granzyme B(+) CD8 T cells. Dual immunotherapy also induced distinct populations of Th1 [interleukin (IL)-2, IFN-γ], and, surprisingly, Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) CD4 T cells exhibiting increased T-bet and Gata-3 expression. Furthermore, IL-4 blockade inhibited the Th2 response, while maintaining the Th1 CD4 and effector CD8 T cells that enhanced tumor-free survival. These data demonstrate that refining the global T-cell response during combination immunotherapy can further enhance the therapeutic efficacy of these agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William L Redmond
- Authors' Affiliation: Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wesolowski R, Markowitz J, Carson WE. Myeloid derived suppressor cells - a new therapeutic target in the treatment of cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2013; 1:10. [PMID: 24829747 PMCID: PMC4019895 DOI: 10.1186/2051-1426-1-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that are increased in states of cancer, inflammation and infection. In malignant states, MDSC are induced by tumor secreted growth factors. MDSC play an important part in suppression of host immune responses through several mechanisms such as production of arginase 1, release of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and secretion of immune-suppressive cytokines. This leads to a permissive immune environment necessary for the growth of malignant cells. MDSC may also contribute to angiogenesis and tumor invasion. This review focuses on currently available strategies to inhibit MDSC in the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Wesolowski
- Division of Medical Oncology, B401 Starling Loving Hall, W10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Joseph Markowitz
- Division of Medical Oncology, 406C Starling Loving Hall 320 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - William E Carson
- The Ohio State University Comprehensie Cancer Center, N911 Doan Hall, 410 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Brusa D, Simone M, Gontero P, Spadi R, Racca P, Micari J, Degiuli M, Carletto S, Tizzani A, Matera L. Circulating immunosuppressive cells of prostate cancer patients before and after radical prostatectomy: profile comparison. Int J Urol 2013; 20:971-8. [PMID: 23421558 DOI: 10.1111/iju.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A dendritic cell-based cancer vaccine has recently received Food and Drug Administration approval in the USA based on its ability to prolong the survival of prostate cancer patients with advanced disease. However, tumor-mediated immunosuppressive mechanisms might represent an obstacle to optimal performance of this therapy. We have recently shown that monocytes from the blood of prostate cancer patients can fully mature to dendritic cells only after the tumor is removed. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that these tumor-driven monocytes correspond to the recently described subset of CD14(+) HLA-DR(low) immunosuppressor cells. METHODS Prostate cancer patients were studied before and 1 month after prostatectomy. Pre- and postsurgical patients with colorectal cancer were also included for comparison. Flow cytometric analysis was applied to define CD14(-) HLA-DR(low) CD33(+) CD11b(+) (myeloid) and CD14(+) HLA-DR(low) (monocytic) suppressor cells. Interferon-γ release was used to assess the immunocompetence of lymphocytes. RESULTS In both prostate cancer and colorectal cancer patients, the percentage of CD14(+) HLA-DR(low) cells was several-fold higher compared with normal subjects. This was not the case for CD14(-) HLA-DR(low) CD33(+) CD11b(+) cells. Furthermore, postsurgical normalization of CD14(+) HLA-DR(low) cells only occurred in prostate cancer patients. In all patients, the interferon-γ response of T lymphocytes to phorbolmyristate acetate-ionomycin was higher compared with normal donors, but it was further increased after tumor ablation only in prostate cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS The direct link between CD14(+) HLA-DR(low) increase and presence of primary tumor suggests a distinguishing immunosuppressive profile of prostate cancer. This observation supports the principle that the appropriate setting for prostate cancer vaccine therapy is a minimal disease status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Brusa
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rigamonti N, Bellone M. Prostate cancer, tumor immunity and a renewed sense of optimism in immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:453-68. [PMID: 22331081 PMCID: PMC11028924 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1216-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recent FDA approval of the first therapeutic vaccine against prostate cancer has revitalized the public interest in the fields of cancer immunology and immunotherapy. Yet, clinical results are modest. A reason for this limited success may reside in the capacity of the tumor to convert inflammation in a tumor-promoting condition and eventually escape immune surveillance. Here we present the main known interactions between the prostate tumor and the immune system, showing how the malignancy can dodge the immune system by also exerting several immunosuppressive mechanisms. We also discuss experimental and clinical strategies proposed to counteract cancer immune evasion and emphasize the importance of implementing appropriate murine models like the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate model for investigating the biology of prostate cancer and novel immunotherapy approaches against it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Rigamonti
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Program of Immunology, Gene Therapy and Bio-Immunotherapy of Cancer (PIBIC), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bellone
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Program of Immunology, Gene Therapy and Bio-Immunotherapy of Cancer (PIBIC), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Stagg J, Beavis PA, Divisekera U, Liu MCP, Möller A, Darcy PK, Smyth MJ. CD73-deficient mice are resistant to carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 2012; 72:2190-6. [PMID: 22396496 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CD73 is a cell surface 5'-nucleotidase that converts AMP to adenosine, an immune suppressive molecule. CD73 may promote immune escape in cancer by contributing to the degradation of extracellular ATP released by dying cancer cells in hypoxic tumors or following chemotherapy. However, whether CD73 exerts a critical oncogenic function during tumorigenesis is unknown. In this study, we used genetically deficient mice to investigate its contribution to autochthonous tumor formation. CD73 deficiency suppressed the development of 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced fibrosarcomas through a mechanism relying upon IFN-γ, natural killer (NK) cells, and CD8(+) T cells. Similarly, CD73 deficiency also suppressed prostate tumorigenesis in TRAMP transgenic mice. Importantly, treatment with an anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody effectively suppressed growth of established MCA-induced tumors or TRAMP-C1 prostate tumors and inhibited the development of TRAMP-C1 lung metastases. The therapeutic activity of anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody against primary tumors was dependent on CD8(+) T cells, whereas its antimetastatic activity was dependent on host CD73 expression independent of T cells or NK cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that CD73 is a critical factor in tumorigenesis and that anti-CD73 antibodies may offer a novel generalized strategy to blunt immune escape and treat cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Stagg
- Cancer Immunology Program, Trescowthick Laboratories, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|