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Wang B, Hu S, Teng Y, Chen J, Wang H, Xu Y, Wang K, Xu J, Cheng Y, Gao X. Current advance of nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment for malignant tumors. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:200. [PMID: 39128942 PMCID: PMC11323968 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a significant risk to human health. Nanomedicine is a new multidisciplinary field that is garnering a lot of interest and investigation. Nanomedicine shows great potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Specifically engineered nanoparticles can be employed as contrast agents in cancer diagnostics to enable high sensitivity and high-resolution tumor detection by imaging examinations. Novel approaches for tumor labeling and detection are also made possible by the use of nanoprobes and nanobiosensors. The achievement of targeted medication delivery in cancer therapy can be accomplished through the rational design and manufacture of nanodrug carriers. Nanoparticles have the capability to effectively transport medications or gene fragments to tumor tissues via passive or active targeting processes, thus enhancing treatment outcomes while minimizing harm to healthy tissues. Simultaneously, nanoparticles can be employed in the context of radiation sensitization and photothermal therapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of malignant tumors. This review presents a literature overview and summary of how nanotechnology is used in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. According to oncological diseases originating from different systems of the body and combining the pathophysiological features of cancers at different sites, we review the most recent developments in nanotechnology applications. Finally, we briefly discuss the prospects and challenges of nanotechnology in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Evidence-based Pharmacy Center, Children's Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Teng
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Junli Chen
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haoyuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yezhen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongzhong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Zhi Y, Zhang P, Luo Y, Sun Y, Li J, Zhang M, Li Y. CXC chemokine receptor type 5 may induce trophoblast dysfunction and participate in the processes of unexplained missed abortion, wherein p-ERK and interleukin-6 may be involved. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31465. [PMID: 38882363 PMCID: PMC11176800 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokines regulate the trophoblast dysfunction involved in the occurrence and development of pathological pregnancy, including missed abortions. In particular, CXC chemokine receptor type 5 mediates cell proliferation, migration, and inflammation; nonetheless, its role in missed abortions remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the expression of CXC chemokine receptor type 5 in missed abortions and to investigate the effects of CXC chemokine receptor type 5 on the biological behaviour of trophoblasts, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Our results indicated that CXC chemokine receptor type 5 was upregulated in the villi of women who experienced unexplained missed abortions, as compared with those who had normal pregnancies. CXC chemokine receptor type 5 inhibited the proliferation and migration of human first-trimester trophoblast/simian virus cells but promoted cell apoptosis. With respect to its mechanisms, CXC chemokine receptor type 5 activated the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 signalling pathway and upregulated the secretion of interleukin-6; however, it had no effect on the secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α. In conclusion, our findings suggest that CXC chemokine receptor type 5 induces trophoblast dysfunction and participates in the processes of unexplained missed abortions, wherein p-ERK and interleukin-6 may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhi
- Department of Reproductive and Genetics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
- Second Ward of Gynecology, Dingzhou People's Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Department of Reproductive and Genetics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Reproductive and Genetics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yanmei Sun
- Department of Reproductive and Genetics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Reproductive and Genetics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yali Li
- Department of Reproductive and Genetics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
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Pirani E, Paparoditis P, Pecoraro M, Danelon G, Thelen M, Cecchinato V, Uguccioni M. Tumor cells express and maintain HMGB1 in the reduced isoform to enhance CXCR4-mediated migration. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1358800. [PMID: 38803493 PMCID: PMC11128625 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1358800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
During inflammation and tissue regeneration, the alarmin High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), in its reduced isoform, enhances the activity of the chemokine CXCL12, forming a heterocomplex that acts via the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Despite the established roles of both HMGB1 and CXCL12 in tumor progression and metastatic spread to distal sites, the role of the CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex in cancer has never been investigated. By employing a newly established mass spectrometry protocol that allows an unambiguous distinction between reduced (red-HMGB1) and oxidized (ox-HMGB1) HMGB1 isoforms in cell lysates, we demonstrate that human epithelial cells derived from breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and prostate (PC-3) cancer predominantly express red-HMGB1, while primary CD3+ T lymphocytes from peripheral blood express both HMGB1 isoforms. All these cancer cells release HMGB1 in the extracellular microenvironment together with varying concentrations of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. The CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex enhances, via CXCR4, the directional migration and invasiveness of cancer cells characterized by high metastatic potential that possess a fully active thioredoxin system, contributing to maintain red-HMGB1. On the contrary, cancer cells with low metastatic potential, lack thioredoxin reductase, promptly uptake CXCL12 and fail to respond to the heterocomplex. Our study demonstrates that the responsiveness of cancer cells to the CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex, resulting in enhanced cell migration and invasiveness, depends on the maintenance of HMGB1 in its reduced isoform, and suggests disruption of the heterocomplex as a potential therapeutic target to inhibit invasion and metastatic spread in cancer therapies.
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Maji S, Kumar A, Emdad L, Fisher PB, Das SK. Molecular landscape of prostate cancer bone metastasis. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:321-365. [PMID: 39032953 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) has a high propensity to develop bone metastases, causing severe pain and pathological fractures that profoundly impact a patients' normal functions. Current clinical intervention is mainly palliative focused on pain management, and tumor progression is refractory to standard therapeutic regimens. This limited treatment efficacy is at least partially due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the molecular landscape of the disease pathology, along with the intensive overlapping of physiological and pathological molecular signaling. The niche is overwhelmed with diverse cell types with inter- and intra-heterogeneity, along with growth factor-enriched cells that are supportive of invading cell proliferation, providing an additional layer of complexity. This review seeks to provide molecular insights into mechanisms underlying PC bone metastasis development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Maji
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
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Xing H, Li X. Engineered Nanomaterials for Tumor Immune Microenvironment Modulation in Cancer Immunotherapy. Chemistry 2024:e202400425. [PMID: 38576219 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint blocking and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, has achieved promising results in clinical applications. However, it faces challenges that hinder its further development, such as limited response rates and poor tumor permeability. The efficiency of tumor immunotherapy is also closely linked to the structure and function of the immune microenvironment where the tumor resides. Recently, nanoparticle-based tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) modulation strategies have attracted a great deal of attention in cancer immunotherapy. This is primarily due to the distinctive physical characteristics of nanoparticles, which enable them to effectively infiltrate the TIME and selectively modulate its key constituents. This paper reviews recent advances in nanoparticle engineering to improve anti-cancer immunotherapy. Emerging nanoparticle-based approaches for modulating immune cells, tumor stroma, cytokines and immune checkpoints are discussed, aiming to overcome current challenges in the clinic. In addition, integrating immunotherapy with various treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy can be facilitated through the utilization of nanoparticles, thereby enhancing the efficacy of cancer treatment. The future challenges and opportunities of using nanomaterials to reeducate the suppressive immune microenvironment of tumors are also discussed, with the aim of anticipating further advancements in this growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xing
- Department of General Surgery, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, 200052, Shanghai, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
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6
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Moulin C, Beaupain B, Suarez F, Bertrand Y, Beaussant SC, Fischer A, Durin J, Ranta D, Espéli M, Bachelerie F, Bellanné-Chantelot C, Molina T, Emile JF, Balabanian K, Deback C, Donadieu J. CXCR4 WHIM syndrome is a cancer predisposition condition for virus-induced malignancies. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1383-1392. [PMID: 38442908 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Warts, hypogammaglobulinaemia, infections and myelokathexis syndrome (WHIMS) is a rare combined primary immunodeficiency caused by the gain of function of the CXCR4 chemokine receptor. We present the prevalence of cancer in WHIMS patients based on data from the French Severe Chronic Neutropenia Registry and an exhaustive literature review. The median follow-up of the 14 WHIMS 'patients was 28.5 years. A central review and viral evaluation of pathological samples were organized, and we conducted a thorough literature review to identify all reports of WHIMS cases. Six French patients were diagnosed with cancer at a median age of 37.6 years. The 40-year risk of malignancy was 39% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6%-74%). We observed two human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced vulvar carcinomas, three lymphomas (two Epstein-Barr virus [EBV]-related) and one basal cell carcinoma. Among the 155 WHIMS cases from the literature, 22 cancers were reported in 16 patients, with an overall cancer 40-year risk of 23% (95% CI: 13%-39%). Malignancies included EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders and HPV-positive genital and anal cancers as in the French cohort. Worldwide, nine cases of malignancy were associated with HPV and four with EBV. Immunocompromised WHIMS patients appear to be particularly susceptible to developing early malignancy, mainly HPV-induced carcinomas, followed by EBV-related lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Moulin
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Blandine Beaupain
- Centre de référence des neutropénies chroniques, Registre des neutropénies chroniques, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau Paris, Paris, France
| | - Felipe Suarez
- Service d'hématologie, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Yves Bertrand
- Institut d'hémato oncologie Pédiatrique, Hospice Civil de Lyon, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Cohen Beaussant
- Centre de référence des neutropénies chroniques, Registre des neutropénies chroniques, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- Centre de référence des déficits immunitaires héréditaires, Unité d'Immuno-Hématologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Julie Durin
- Centre de référence des neutropénies chroniques, Registre des neutropénies chroniques, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dana Ranta
- Service d'hématologie, CHU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Marion Espéli
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Bachelerie
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Orsay, France
| | | | - Thierry Molina
- Service d'anatomie pathologique Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jean François Emile
- Service d'anatomie pathologique Hôpital Ambroise Paré, APHP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Karl Balabanian
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Claire Deback
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, AP-HP, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Donadieu
- Centre de référence des neutropénies chroniques, Registre des neutropénies chroniques, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau Paris, Paris, France
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Alzahrani SO, McRobbie G, Khan A, D'huys T, Van Loy T, Walker AN, Renard I, Hubin TJ, Schols D, Burke BP, Archibald SJ. trans-IV restriction: a new configuration for metal bis-cyclam complexes as potent CXCR4 inhibitors. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:5616-5623. [PMID: 38439632 PMCID: PMC10949960 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01729j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is implicated in multiple diseases including inflammatory disorders, cancer growth and metastasis, and HIV/AIDS. CXCR4 targeting has been evaluated in treating cancer metastasis and therapy resistance. Cyclam derivatives, most notably AMD3100 (Plerixafor™), are a common motif in small molecule CXCR4 antagonists. However, AMD3100 has not been shown to be effective in cancer treatment as an individual agent. Configurational restriction and transition metal complex formation increases receptor binding affinity and residence time. In the present study, we have synthesized novel trans-IV locked cyclam-based CXCR4 inhibitors, a previously unexploited configuration, and demonstrated their higher affinity for CXCR4 binding and CXCL12-mediated signaling inhibition compared to AMD3100. These results pave the way for even more potent CXCR4 inhibitors that may provide significant efficacy in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seraj O Alzahrani
- Centre for Biomedicine and Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Hull York Medical School and University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Graeme McRobbie
- Centre for Biomedicine and Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Hull York Medical School and University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Abid Khan
- Centre for Biomedicine and Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Hull York Medical School and University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
- The University of Manchester, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Thomas D'huys
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Loy
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ashlie N Walker
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, Weatherford, OK 73096, USA
| | - Isaline Renard
- Centre for Biomedicine and Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Hull York Medical School and University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Timothy J Hubin
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, Weatherford, OK 73096, USA
| | - Dominique Schols
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benjamin P Burke
- Centre for Biomedicine and Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Hull York Medical School and University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Stephen J Archibald
- Centre for Biomedicine and Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Hull York Medical School and University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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Li B, Xuan H, Yin Y, Wu S, Du L. The N 6-methyladenosine modification in pathologic angiogenesis. Life Sci 2024; 339:122417. [PMID: 38244915 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The vascular system is a vital circulatory network in the human body that plays a critical role in almost all physiological processes. The production of blood vessels in the body is a significant area of interest for researchers seeking to improve their understanding of vascular function and maintain normal vascular operation. However, an excessive or insufficient vascular regeneration process may lead to the development of various ailments such as cancer, eye diseases, and ischemic diseases. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have revealed new molecular targets and principles that may enhance the therapeutic effect of anti-angiogenic strategies. A thorough comprehension of the mechanism responsible for the abnormal vascular growth in disease processes can enable researchers to better target and effectively suppress or treat the disease. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), a common RNA methylation modification method, has emerged as a crucial regulator of various diseases by modulating vascular development. In this review, we will cover how m6A regulates various vascular-related diseases, such as cancer, ocular diseases, neurological diseases, ischemic diseases, emphasizing the mechanism of m6A methylation regulators on angiogenesis during pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hanqin Xuan
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuye Yin
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Shusheng Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Longfei Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Anastasiadou DP, Quesnel A, Duran CL, Filippou PS, Karagiannis GS. An emerging paradigm of CXCL12 involvement in the metastatic cascade. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 75:12-30. [PMID: 37949685 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL12, also known as stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1), has emerged as a pivotal regulator in the intricate molecular networks driving cancer progression. As an influential factor in the tumor microenvironment, CXCL12 plays a multifaceted role that spans beyond its traditional role as a chemokine inducing invasion and metastasis. Indeed, CXCL12 has been assigned functions related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer cell stemness, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression, all of which are currently viewed as specialized biological programs contributing to the "metastatic cascade" among other cancer hallmarks. Its interaction with its cognate receptor, CXCR4, initiates a cascade of events that not only shapes the metastatic potential of tumor cells but also defines the niches within the secondary organs that support metastatic colonization. Given the profound implications of CXCL12 in the metastatic cascade, understanding its mechanistic underpinnings is of paramount importance for the targeted elimination of rate-limiting steps in the metastatic process. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge surrounding the role of CXCL12 in cancer metastasis, especially its molecular interactions rationalizing its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra P Anastasiadou
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Agathe Quesnel
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, United Kingdom; National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington DL1 1HG, United Kingdom
| | - Camille L Duran
- Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Panagiota S Filippou
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, United Kingdom; National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington DL1 1HG, United Kingdom
| | - George S Karagiannis
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Lan H, Wu B, Jin K, Chen Y. Beyond boundaries: unraveling innovative approaches to combat bone-metastatic cancers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1260491. [PMID: 38260135 PMCID: PMC10800370 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1260491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence demonstrated that bones, liver, and lungs are the most common metastasis sites in some human malignancies, especially in prostate and breast cancers. Bone is the third most frequent target for spreading tumor cells among these organs and tissues. Patients with bone-metastatic cancers face a grim prognosis characterized by short median survival time. Current treatments have proven insufficient, as they can only inhibit metastasis or tumor progression within the bone tissues rather than providing a curative solution. Gaining a more profound comprehension of the interplay between tumor cells and the bone microenvironment (BME) is of utmost importance in tackling this issue. This knowledge will pave the way for developing innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying bone metastasis and discusses the clinical aspects of this pathologic condition. Additionally, it highlights emerging therapeutic interventions aimed at enhancing the quality of life for patients affected by bone-metastatic cancers. By synthesizing current research, this review seeks to shed light on the complexities of bone metastasis and offer insights for future advancements in patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanrong Lan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hosptial, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yefeng Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Yao Z, Qi C, Zhang F, Yao H, Wang C, Cao X, Zhao C, Wang Z, Qi M, Yao C, Wang X, Xia H. Hollow Cu2MoS4 nanoparticles loaded with immune checkpoint inhibitors reshape the tumor microenvironment to enhance immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer. Acta Biomater 2024; 173:365-377. [PMID: 37890815 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a fatal disease that responds poorly to single-drug immunotherapy with PD-L1 (CD274) inhibitors. Here, we prepared mesoporous nanomaterials Cu2MoS4 (CMS)/PEG loaded with PD-L1 inhibitor BMS-1 and CXCR4 inhibitor Plerixafor to form the nanodrug CMS/PEG-B-P. In vitro experiments, CMS/PEG-B-P have a more substantial inhibitory effect on the expression of PD-L1 and CXCR4 as well as to promote the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells KPC and suppressed KPC cell proliferation were detected by flow cytometry, qPCR and Western blotting (WB). Promotes the release of the cytotoxic substance reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the production of the immunogenic cell death (ICD) marker calreticulin (CRT) in KPC cells. CMS/PEG-B-P was also detected to have a certain activating effect on mouse immune cells, dendritic cells (mDC) and macrophage RAW264.7. Subcutaneous tumorigenicity experiments in C57BL/6 mice verified that CMS/PEG-B-P had an inhibitory effect on the growth of tumors and remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment, including infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and polarization of macrophages, as well as reduction of immunosuppressive cells. Meanwhile, CMS/PEG-B-P was found to have different effects on the release of cytokines in the tumor immune microenvironment, including The levels of immunostimulatory cytokines INF-γ and IL-12 are increased and the levels of immunosuppressive cytokines IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-α are decreased. In conclusion, nanomaterial-loaded immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies can enhance the immune response and reduce side effects, a combination that shows great potential as a new immunotherapeutic approach. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a fatal disease that has a low response to single-drug immunotherapy with PD-L1 (CD274) inhibitors. We preared PEG-modified mesoporous nanomaterials Cu2MoS4 (CMS) loaded with PD-L1 inhibitor BMS-1 and CXCR4 inhibitor Plerixafor to form the nanodrug CMS/PEG-B-P. Our study demonstrated that Nanomaterial-loaded immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies can enhance the immune response and reduce side effects, a combination that shows great potential as a new immunotherapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital (Yijishan Hospital), Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Chenxue Qi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Xishan, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission & Jiangsu Antibody Drug Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Cao
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital (Yijishan Hospital), Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Chenhui Zhao
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital (Yijishan Hospital), Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Zhichun Wang
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital (Yijishan Hospital), Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Min Qi
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital (Yijishan Hospital), Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Chengyun Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital (Yijishan Hospital), Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Hongping Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital (Yijishan Hospital), Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China; Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Xishan, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China.
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12
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Lu X, Wang X, Cheng H, Wang X, Liu C, Tan X. Anti-triple-negative breast cancer metastasis efficacy and molecular mechanism of the STING agonist for innate immune pathway. Ann Med 2023; 55:2210845. [PMID: 37162544 PMCID: PMC10173802 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2210845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With high recurrence and metastatic rates, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has few therapy choices. The innate immune stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING) pathway has emerged as a critical foundation for improving anticancer immunotherapy. Although 2',3'-cGAMP has been shown to have therapeutic potential as a STING agonist in subcutaneous solid tumour treatments in mice, the effect of cGAMP in metastatic malignancies has received less attention. METHODS Bioluminescence imaging technology was applied to monitor TNBC tumour cell metastasis in living mice. Serum biochemical test and blood routine examination of mice were used to demonstrate cGAMP administration had no toxicity. The activation of DCs and CD8+ T cells was demonstrated by flow cytometry. The pharmacological mechanism of cGAMP for suppressing breast tumour metastasis was also explored. RESULTS cGAMP treatment substantially suppressed tumour development and metastasis without adverse effects. cGAMP activated the cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway, which modified the tumour immune milieu to reverse the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and PI3K/AKT pathways and prevent tumour metastasis. It was postulated and proven that cGAMP had a pharmacological mechanism for reducing breast tumour metastasis. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that cGAMP could be useful in the immunotherapy of immune-insensitive metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Lu
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangshi Tan
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Saha A, Kolonin MG, DiGiovanni J. Obesity and prostate cancer - microenvironmental roles of adipose tissue. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:579-596. [PMID: 37198266 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is known to have important roles in driving prostate cancer aggressiveness and increased mortality. Multiple mechanisms have been postulated for these clinical observations, including effects of diet and lifestyle, systemic changes in energy balance and hormonal regulation and activation of signalling by growth factors and cytokines and other components of the immune system. Over the past decade, research on obesity has shifted towards investigating the role of peri-prostatic white adipose tissue as an important source of locally produced factors that stimulate prostate cancer progression. Cells that comprise white adipose tissue, the adipocytes and their progenitor adipose stromal cells (ASCs), which proliferate to accommodate white adipose tissue expansion in obesity, have been identified as important drivers of obesity-associated cancer progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that adipocytes are a source of lipids that are used by adjacent prostate cancer cells. However, results of preclinical studies indicate that ASCs promote tumour growth by remodelling extracellular matrix and supporting neovascularization, contributing to the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition through paracrine signalling. Because epithelial-mesenchymal transition is associated with cancer chemotherapy resistance and metastasis, ASCs are considered to be potential targets of therapies that could be developed to suppress cancer aggressiveness in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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Lu G, Wang X, Cheng M, Wang S, Ma K. The multifaceted mechanisms of ellagic acid in the treatment of tumors: State-of-the-art. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115132. [PMID: 37423169 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) is a kind of polyphenol compound extracted from a variety of herbs, such as paeoniae paeoniae, raspberry, Chebule, walnut kernel, myrrh, loquat leaf, pomegranate bark, quisquite, and fairy herb. It has anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutation, anti-bacterial, anti-allergic and multiple pharmacological properties. Studies have shown its anti-tumor effect in gastric cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer and other malignant tumors, mainly through inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inhibiting tumor cell metastasis and invasion, inducing autophagy, affecting tumor metabolic reprogramming and other forms of anti-tumor efficacy. Its molecular mechanism is mainly reflected in inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells through VEGFR-2 signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, PKC signaling pathway and COX-2 signaling pathway. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, JNK (cJun) signaling pathway, mitochondrial pathway, Bcl-2 / Bax signaling pathway, TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway induced apoptosis of tumor cells and blocked EMT process and MMP SDF1α/CXCR4 signaling pathway inhibits the metastasis and invasion of tumor cells, induces autophagy and affects tumor metabolic reprogramming to produce anti-tumor effects. At present, the analysis of the anti-tumor mechanism of ellagic acid is slightly lacking, so this study comprehensively searched the literature on the anti-tumor mechanism of ellagic acid in various databases, reviewed the research progress of the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of ellagic acid, in order to provide reference and theoretical basis for the further development and application of ellagic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Lu
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xuezhen Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Ke Ma
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
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15
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Zeng S, Chen Y, Zhou F, Zhang T, Fan X, Chrzanowski W, Gillies MC, Zhu L. Recent advances and prospects for lipid-based nanoparticles as drug carriers in the treatment of human retinal diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 199:114965. [PMID: 37315899 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The delivery of cures for retinal diseases remains problematic. There are four main challenges: passing through multiple barriers of the eye, the delivery to particular retinal cell types, the capability to carry different forms of therapeutic cargo and long-term therapeutic efficacy. Lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNPs) are potent to overcome these challenges due to their unique merits: amphiphilic nanoarchitectures to pass biological barriers, vary modifications with specific affinity to target cell types, flexible capacity for large and mixed types of cargos and slow-release formulations for long-term treatment. We have reviewed the latest research on the applications of LBNPs for treating retinal diseases and categorized them by different payloads. Furthermore, we identified technical barriers and discussed possible future development for LBNPs to expand the therapeutic potential in treating retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxue Zeng
- Macula Research Group, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Yingying Chen
- Macula Research Group, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Fanfan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ting Zhang
- Macula Research Group, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | | | - Mark C Gillies
- Macula Research Group, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ling Zhu
- Macula Research Group, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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16
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Bao S, Darvishi M, H Amin A, Al-Haideri MT, Patra I, Kashikova K, Ahmad I, Alsaikhan F, Al-Qaim ZH, Al-Gazally ME, Kiasari BA, Tavakoli-Far B, Sidikov AA, Mustafa YF, Akhavan-Sigari R. CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) blockade in cancer treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:7945-7968. [PMID: 36905421 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04444-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) superfamily and is specific for CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12, also known as SDF-1), which makes CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. CXCR4 interacts with its ligand, triggering downstream signaling pathways that influence cell proliferation chemotaxis, migration, and gene expression. The interaction also regulates physiological processes, including hematopoiesis, organogenesis, and tissue repair. Multiple evidence revealed that CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is implicated in several pathways involved in carcinogenesis and plays a key role in tumor growth, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Several CXCR4-targeting compounds have been discovered and used for preclinical and clinical cancer therapy, most of which have shown promising anti-tumor activity. In this review, we summarized the physiological signaling of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and described the role of this axis in tumor progression, and focused on the potential therapeutic options and strategies to block CXCR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunshun Bao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mohammad Darvishi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine, AJA University of Medicinal Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali H Amin
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maysoon T Al-Haideri
- Department of Physiotherapy, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Indrajit Patra
- An Independent Researcher, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Bahman Abedi Kiasari
- Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Tavakoli-Far
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Akmal A Sidikov
- Rector, Ferghana Medical Institute of Public Health, Ferghana, Uzbekistan
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Pandurangi R, Karwa A, Sagaram US, Henzler-Wildman K, Shah D. Medicago Sativa Defensin1 as a tumor sensitizer for improving chemotherapy: translation from anti-fungal agent to a potential anti-cancer agent. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1141755. [PMID: 37305575 PMCID: PMC10251204 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1141755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant defensins including Medicago Sativa defensin 1 (MsDef1) are cysteine-rich antifungal peptides which are known for potent broad-spectrum antifungal activity against bacterial or fungal pathogens of plants. The antimicrobial activities of these cationic defensins are attributed to their capacity to bind to cell membranes to create potentially structural defects tin the cell membranes to interact with intracellular target (s) and mediates cytotoxic effects. Our earlier work identified Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) of fungus F. graminearum as a potential target for biological activity. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) cancer cells overexpress GlcCer on the surface of plasma membrane. Hence, MsDef1 may have a potential to bind to GlcCer of MDR cancer cells to induce cell death. We have characterized the three-dimensional structure of MsDef1 and the solution dynamics using of 15N-labeled MsDef1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy which showed that GlcCer binds MsDef1 at two specific sites on the peptide molecule. The ability of MsDef1 to permeate MDR cancer cells was demonstrated by measuring the release of apoptotic ceramide in drug resistant MCF-7R cells. It was also shown that MsDef1 activated dual cell death pathways ceramide and Apoptosis Stimulating Kinase ASK1 by disintegrating GlcCer and oxidizing tumor specific biomarker thioredoxin (Trx) respectively. As a result, MsDef1 sensitizes MDR cancer cells to evoke a better response from Doxorubicin, a front-line chemotherapy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment. The combination of MsDef1 and Doxorubicin induced 5 to10-fold greater apoptosis in vitro MDR cells MDA-MB-231R compared to either MsDef1 or Doxorubicin alone. Confocal microscopy revealed that MsDef1 facilitates a) influx of Doxorubicin in MDR cancer cells, b) preferential uptake by MDR cells but not by normal fibroblasts and breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A). These results suggest that MsDef1 targets MDR cancer cells and may find utility as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Hence, the extension of antifungal properties of MsDef1 to cancer my result in addressing the MDR problems in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Pandurangi
- Sci-Engi-Medco Solutions Inc (SEMCO), St Charles, MO, United States
| | - Amol Karwa
- Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, Hazelwood, MO, United States
| | - Uma Shankar Sagaram
- DeLuca Biochemistry Laboratories, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Dilip Shah
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, United States
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Cecchinato V, Martini V, Pirani E, Ghovehoud E, Uguccioni M. The chemokine landscape: one system multiple shades. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1176619. [PMID: 37251376 PMCID: PMC10213763 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte trafficking is mainly governed by chemokines, chemotactic cytokines, which can be concomitantly produced in tissues during homeostatic conditions or inflammation. After the discovery and characterization of the individual chemokines, we and others have shown that they present additional properties. The first discoveries demonstrated that some chemokines act as natural antagonists on chemokine receptors, and prevent infiltration of leukocyte subsets in tissues. Later on it was shown that they can exert a repulsive effect on selective cell types, or synergize with other chemokines and inflammatory mediators to enhance chemokine receptors activities. The relevance of the fine-tuning modulation has been demonstrated in vivo in a multitude of processes, spanning from chronic inflammation to tissue regeneration, while its role in the tumor microenvironment needs further investigation. Moreover, naturally occurring autoantibodies targeting chemokines were found in tumors and autoimmune diseases. More recently in SARS-CoV-2 infection, the presence of several autoantibodies neutralizing chemokine activities distinguished disease severity, and they were shown to be beneficial, protecting from long-term sequelae. Here, we review the additional properties of chemokines that influence cell recruitment and activities. We believe these features need to be taken into account when designing novel therapeutic strategies targeting immunological disorders.
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19
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Maas M, Kurcz A, Hennenlotter J, Scharpf M, Fend F, Walz S, Stühler V, Todenhöfer T, Stenzl A, Bedke J, Rausch S. Differential Expression and Clinical Relevance of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) in Renal Cell Carcinomas, Benign Renal Tumors, and Metastases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065227. [PMID: 36982302 PMCID: PMC10048828 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) is part of the human chemokine system and involved in progression and metastasis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the role of CXCR4 protein expression in RCC remains controversial. In particular, data regarding the subcellular distribution of CXCR4 in RCC and RCC metastasis as well as CXCR4 expression in renal tumors of variant histology are limited. The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the differential CXCR4 expression in RCC primary tumor and metastatic tissue as well as in variant renal histologies. In addition, the prognostic capacity of CXCR4 expression in organ-confined clear cell RCC (ccRCC) was evaluated. Three independent renal tumor cohorts (primary ccRCC cohort n1 = 64; cohort of various histological entities n2 = 146; metastatic RCC tissue cohort n3 = 92) were evaluated using tissue microarrays (TMA). After immunohistochemical staining for CXCR4, nuclear and cytoplasmic expression patterns were evaluated. CXCR4 expression was correlated with validated pathologic prognosticators, clinical data, and overall and cancer-specific survival. Positive cytoplasmic staining was observed in 98% of the benign and 38.9% of the malignant samples. Nuclear staining was positive for 94.1% of the benign samples and 83% of the malignant samples. The median cytoplasmic expression score was found to be higher in benign tissue than in ccRCC (130.00 vs. 0.00); median nuclear expression score analysis indicated the opposite (56.0 vs. 71.0). Within malignant subtypes, the highest expression score was seen in papillary renal cell carcinomas (cytoplasmic: 117.50, nuclear: 41.50). Within benign renal tumors, high cytoplasmic and nuclear CXCR4 expression scores were seen for oncocytomas (cytoplasmic: 100.00, nuclear: 31.00). Expression scores in RCC metastasis ranked between benign renal tissue and ccRCC in cytoplasmic and nuclear expression. Cytoplasmic CXCR4 expression was identified as a prognostic factor for OS and CSS (p = 0.042; p = 0.019). Multivariate analysis including clinicopathological parameters did not reveal an independent prognostic character of CXCR4 expression. CXCR4 expression differs significantly within benign lesions and renal neoplasms. Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of CXCR4 could be detected across all RCC subtypes. The prognostic value of CXCR4 in ccRCC was confirmed in univariate analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Maas
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aymone Kurcz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hennenlotter
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Scharpf
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Falko Fend
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Simon Walz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Viktoria Stühler
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilman Todenhöfer
- Clinical Trial Unit Studienpraxis Urologie, D-72622 Nürtingen, Germany
- Medical School, Eberhard-Karls-University, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jens Bedke
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Rausch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Strasse 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-29-86000; Fax: +49-7071-29-5880
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Watts A, Singh B, Singh H, Bal A, Kaur H, Dhanota N, Arora SK, Mittal BR, Behera D. [ 68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT imaging for in vivo CXCR4 receptor mapping in different lung cancer histologic sub-types: correlation with quantitative receptors' density by immunochemistry techniques. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1216-1227. [PMID: 36482077 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In vivo CXCR4 receptor quantification in different lung cancer (LC) sub-types using [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT and to study correlation with quantitative CXCR4 receptors' tissue density by immunochemistry analyses. METHODS [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT imaging was performed prospectively in 94 (77 M: 17F, mean age 60.1 ± 10.1 years) LC patients. CXCR4 receptors' expression on lung mass in all the patients was estimated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analyses. SUVmax on PET, intensity score on IHC, and mean fluorescence index (MFI) on FACS analyses were measured. RESULTS A total of 75/94 (79.8%) cases had non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 14 (14.9%) had small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and 5 (5.3%) had lung neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN). All LC types showed increased CXCR4 expression on PET (SUVmax) and FACS (MFI). However, both these parameters (mean SUVmax = 10.3 ± 5.0; mean MFI = 349.0 ± 99.0) were significantly (p = 0.005) higher in SCLC as compared to those in NSCLC and lung NEN. The mean SUVmax in adenocarcinoma (n = 16) was 8.0 ± 1.9 which was significantly (p = 0.003) higher than in squamous cell carcinoma (n = 54; 6.2 ± 2.1) and in not-otherwise specified (NOS) sub-types (n = 5; 5.8 ± 1.5) of NSCLC. A significant correlation (r = 0.697; p = 001) was seen between SUVmax and MFI values in squamous cell NSCLC as well as in NSCLC adenocarcinoma (r = 0.538, p = 0.031) which supports the specific in vivo uptake of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor by CXCR4 receptors. However, this correlation was not significant in SCLC (r = 0.435, p = 0.121) and NEN (r = 0.747, p = 0.147) which may be due to the small sample size. [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT provided good sensitivity (85.7%) and specificity (78.1%) for differentiating SCLC from NSCLC (ROC cutoff SUVmax = 7.2). This technique presented similar sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (71.4%) (ROC cutoff SUVmax = 6.7) for differentiating adenocarcinoma and squamous cell variants of NSCLC. CONCLUSION The high sensitivity and specificity of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for in vivo targeting of CXCR4 receptors in lung cancer can thus be used effectively for the response assessment and development of CXCR4-based radioligand therapies in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Watts
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Baljinder Singh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Harmandeep Singh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Amanjit Bal
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Harneet Kaur
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Ninjit Dhanota
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Sunil K Arora
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Bhagwant R Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Digambar Behera
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Gupta N, Ochiai H, Hoshino Y, Klein S, Zustin J, Ramjiawan RR, Kitahara S, Maimon N, Bazou D, Chiang S, Li S, Schanne DH, Jain RK, Munn LL, Huang P, Kozin SV, Duda DG. Inhibition of CXCR4 Enhances the Efficacy of Radiotherapy in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Models. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1021. [PMID: 36831366 PMCID: PMC9954510 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a standard treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Previous preclinical studies showed that SDF1α/CXCR4 axis could mediate PCa metastasis (most often to the bones) and cancer resistance to RT. We found high levels of expression for both SDF1α and its receptor CXCR4 in primary and metastatic PCa tissue samples. In vitro analyses using PCa cells revealed an important role of CXCR4 in cell invasion but not radiotolerance. Pharmacologic inhibition of CXCR4 using AMD3100 showed no efficacy in orthotopic primary and bone metastatic PCa models. However, when combined with RT, AMD3100 potentiated the effect of local single-dose RT (12 Gy) in both models. Moreover, CXCR4 inhibition also reduced lymph node metastasis from primary PCa. Notably, CXCR4 inhibition promoted the normalization of bone metastatic PCa vasculature and reduced tissue hypoxia. In conclusion, the SDF1α/CXCR4 axis is a potential therapeutic target in metastatic PCa patients treated with RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Gupta
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hiroki Ochiai
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yoshinori Hoshino
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sebastian Klein
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jozef Zustin
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rakesh R. Ramjiawan
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Shuji Kitahara
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nir Maimon
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Despina Bazou
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sarah Chiang
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sen Li
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Daniel H. Schanne
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rakesh. K. Jain
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lance L. Munn
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Peigen Huang
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sergey V. Kozin
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Dan G. Duda
- Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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22
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Roberto M, Arrivi G, Di Civita MA, Barchiesi G, Pilozzi E, Marchetti P, Santini D, Mazzuca F, Tomao S. The role of CXCL12 axis in pancreatic cancer: New biomarkers and potential targets. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1154581. [PMID: 37035150 PMCID: PMC10076769 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1154581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chemokines are small, secreted peptides involved in the mediation of the immune cell recruitment. Chemokines have been implicated in several diseases including autoimmune diseases, viral infections and also played a critical role in the genesis and development of several malignant tumors. CXCL12 is a homeostatic CXC chemokine involved in the process of proliferation, and tumor spread. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive tumors, that is still lacking effective therapies and with a dramatically poor prognosis. Method We conducted a scientific literature search on Pubmed and Google Scholar including retrospective, prospective studies and reviews focused on the current research elucidating the emerging role of CXCL12 and its receptors CXCR4 - CXCR7 in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. Results Considering the mechanism of immunomodulation of the CXCL12-CXCR4-CXCR7 axis, as well as the potential interaction with the microenvironment in the PDAC, several combined therapeutic approaches have been studied and developed, to overcome the "cold" immunological setting of PDAC, like combining CXCL12 axis inhibitors with anti PD-1/PDL1 drugs. Conclusion Understanding the role of this chemokine's axis in disease initiation and progression may provide the basis for developing new potential biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for related pancreatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Roberto
- Oncology Unit (UOC) Oncologia A, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anathomo-patological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Arrivi
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’ Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Alberto Di Civita
- Oncology Unit (UOC) Oncologia A, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anathomo-patological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Mattia Alberto Di Civita,
| | - Giacomo Barchiesi
- Oncology Unit (UOC) Oncologia A, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anathomo-patological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pilozzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Anatomia Patologica Unit, Sant’ Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Santini
- Oncology Unit (UOC) Oncologia A, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anathomo-patological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Mazzuca
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’ Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silverio Tomao
- Oncology Unit (UOC) Oncologia A, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anathomo-patological Science, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Despite advancement in therapeutic options, Non-Small Cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a lethal disease mostly due to late diagnosis at metastatic phase and drug resistance. Bone is one of the more frequent sites for NSCLC metastatization. A defined subset of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that possess motile properties, mesenchymal features and tumor initiation potential are defined as metastasis initiating cells (MICs). A better understanding of the mechanisms supporting MIC dissemination and interaction with bone microenvironment is fundamental to design novel rational therapeutic option for long lasting efficient treatment of NSCLC. In this review we will summarize findings about bone metastatic process initiated by NSCLC MICs. We will review how MICs can reach bone and interact with its microenvironment that supports their extravasation, seeding, dormancy/proliferation. The role of different cell types inside the bone metastatic niche, such as endothelial cells, bone cells, hematopoietic stem cells and immune cells will be discussed in regards of their impact in dictating the success of metastasis establishment by MICs. Finally, novel therapeutic options to target NSCLC MIC-induced bone metastases, increasing the survival of patients, will be presented.
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24
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Liu J, Zhang M, Dong H, Liu J, Mao A, Ning G, Cao Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q. Chemokine signaling synchronizes angioblast proliferation and differentiation during pharyngeal arch artery vasculogenesis. Development 2022; 149:285824. [PMID: 36468454 PMCID: PMC10114070 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Developmentally, the great vessels of the heart originate from the pharyngeal arch arteries (PAAs). During PAA vasculogenesis, PAA precursors undergo sequential cell fate decisions that are accompanied by proliferative expansion. However, how these two processes are synchronized remains poorly understood. Here, we find that the zebrafish chemokine receptor Cxcr4a is expressed in PAA precursors, and genetic ablation of either cxcr4a or the ligand gene cxcl12b causes PAA stenosis. Cxcr4a is required for the activation of the downstream PI3K/AKT cascade, which promotes not only PAA angioblast proliferation, but also differentiation. AKT has a well-known role in accelerating cell-cycle progression through the activation of cyclin-dependent kinases. Despite this, we demonstrate that AKT phosphorylates Etv2 and Scl, the key regulators of angioblast commitment, on conserved serine residues, thereby protecting them from ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. Altogether, our study reveals a central role for chemokine signaling in PAA vasculogenesis through orchestrating angioblast proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Haojian Dong
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Aihua Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guozhu Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yiyue Zhang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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25
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Jia F, Xu Q, Shu Z, Deng J, Li A, Yu M, Yu Z. CXCR4-guided liposomes regulating hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment for sorafenib-resistant tumor treatment. Bioact Mater 2022; 17:147-161. [PMID: 35386453 PMCID: PMC8965090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical sorafenib treatment could activate C-X-C receptor type 4 (CXCR4)/stromal source factor-1α (SDF-1α) axis to aggravate intra-tumoral hypoxia of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which further leads to progression, invasion, metastasis, and immunosuppression of tumors and in return causes resistance to sorafenib therapy. Therefore, a multi-functional oxygen delivery nanoplatform was rationally constructed based on an oxygen-saturated perfluorohexane (PFH)-cored liposome, with the CXCR4 antagonist LFC131 peptides modifying on the surface to simultaneously deliver sorafenib and the CSF1/CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397 (named PFH@LSLP) for sorafenib-resistant HCC treatment. The PFH@LSLP was developed to overcome sorafenib resistance by synergistic effects of the following 3 roles: 1) the O2-saturated PFH core could alleviate the tumor hypoxia by O2 supply; 2) the LFC131 peptide recognized the hypoxia-related overexpressed CXCR4 and then blocked SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis to re-sensitize the HCC cells to sorafenib; 3) PLX3397 activated the immune responses via inhibiting the CSF1/CSF1R pathway in TAMs, further enhanced CD8+ T cell infiltration to reverse immunosuppression in tumors. Antitumor performance on H22 tumor-bearing mice and HCC patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) model showed that PFH@LSLP could overcome sorafenib resistance by synergistic effect of hypoxia attenuation, resistance-related gene regulation, and immune-microenvironment modification. PFH@LSLP was developed to overcome sorafenib resistance. LFC131 peptide blocked SDF-1α/CXCR4 to sensitize sorafenib. PLX3397 blocked CSF1/CSF1R to activate immune response.
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26
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Nengroo MA, Khan MA, Verma A, Datta D. Demystifying the CXCR4 conundrum in cancer biology: Beyond the surface signaling paradigm. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188790. [PMID: 36058380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The oncogenic chemokine duo CXCR4-CXCL12/SDF-1 (C-X-C Receptor 4-C-X-C Ligand 12/ Stromal-derived factor 1) has been the topic of intense scientific disquisitions since Muller et al., in her ground-breaking research, described this axis as a critical determinant of organ-specific metastasis in breast cancer. Elevated CXCR4 levels correlate with distant metastases, poor prognosis, and unfavourable outcomes in most solid tumors. Therapeutic impediment of the axis in clinics with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved inhibitors like AMD3100 or Plerixafor yield dubious results, contrary to pre-clinical developments. Clinical trials entailing inhibition of CXCR7 (C-X-C Receptor 7), another convicted chemokine receptor that exhibits affinity for CXCL12, reveal outcomes analogous to that of CXCR4-CXCL12 axis blockade. Of note, the cellular CXCR4 knockout phenotype varies largely from that of inhibitor treatments. These shaky findings pique great curiosity to delve further into the realm of this infamous chemokine receptor to provide a probable explanation. A multitude of recent reports suggests the presence of an increased intracellular CXCR4 pool in various cancers, both cytoplasmic and nuclear. This intracellular CXCR4 protein reserve seems active as it correlates with vital tumor attributes, viz. prognosis, aggressiveness, metastasis, and disease-free survival. Diminishing this entire intracellular CXCR4 load apart from the surface signals looks encouraging from a therapeutic point of view. Transcending beyond the classically accepted concept of ligand-mediated surface signaling, this review sheds new light on plausible associations of intracellularly compartmentalised CXCR4 with various aspects of tumorigenesis. Besides, this review also puts forward a comprehensive account of CXCR4 regulation in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmad Nengroo
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Muqtada Ali Khan
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Ayushi Verma
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Dipak Datta
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
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Saha A, Hamilton-Reeves J, DiGiovanni J. White adipose tissue-derived factors and prostate cancer progression: mechanisms and targets for interventions. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:649-671. [PMID: 35927363 PMCID: PMC9474694 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Obesity represents an important risk factor for prostate cancer, driving more aggressive disease, chemoresistance, and increased mortality. White adipose tissue (WAT) overgrowth in obesity is central to the mechanisms that lead to these clinical observations. Adipose stromal cells (ASCs), the progenitors to mature adipocytes and other cell types in WAT, play a vital role in driving PCa aggressiveness. ASCs produce numerous factors, especially chemokines, including the chemokine CXCL12, which is involved in driving EMT and chemoresistance in PCa. A greater understanding of the impact of WAT in obesity-induced progression of PCa and the underlying mechanisms has begun to provide opportunities for developing interventional strategies for preventing or offsetting these critical events. These include weight loss regimens, therapeutic targeting of ASCs, use of calorie restriction mimetic compounds, and combinations of compounds as well as specific receptor targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Jill Hamilton-Reeves
- Departments of Urology and Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
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Lu Y, Feng N, Du Y, Yu R. Nanoparticle-Based Therapeutics to Overcome Obstacles in the Tumor Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12162832. [PMID: 36014696 PMCID: PMC9414814 DOI: 10.3390/nano12162832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still a main health concern around the world, with a rising incidence and high mortality rate. The tumor-promoting components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a vital role in the development and metastasis of HCC. TME-targeted therapies have recently drawn increasing interest in the treatment of HCC. However, the short medication retention time in TME limits the efficiency of TME modulating strategies. The nanoparticles can be elaborately designed as needed to specifically target the tumor-promoting components in TME. In this regard, the use of nanomedicine to modulate TME components by delivering drugs with protection and prolonged circulation time in a spatiotemporal manner has shown promising potential. In this review, we briefly introduce the obstacles of TME and highlight the updated information on nanoparticles that modulate these obstacles. Furthermore, the present challenges and future prospects of TME modulating nanomedicines will be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfei Lu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Na Feng
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (R.Y.); Tel.: +86-571-88208435 (Y.D.); +86-571-87783925 (R.Y.)
| | - Risheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (R.Y.); Tel.: +86-571-88208435 (Y.D.); +86-571-87783925 (R.Y.)
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29
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Andtbacka RH, Wang Y, Pierce RH, Campbell JS, Yushak M, Milhem M, Ross M, Niland K, Arbeit RD, Parasuraman S, Bickley K, Yeung CCS, Aicher LD, Smythe KS, Gan L. Mavorixafor, an Orally Bioavailable CXCR4 Antagonist, Increases Immune Cell Infiltration and Inflammatory Status of Tumor Microenvironment in Patients with Melanoma. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:904-913. [PMID: 36923305 PMCID: PMC10010370 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Mavorixafor is an oral, selective inhibitor of the CXCR4 chemokine receptor that modulates immune cell trafficking. A biomarker-driven phase Ib study (NCT02823405) was conducted in 16 patients with melanoma to investigate the hypothesis that mavorixafor favorably modulates immune cell profiles in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and to evaluate the safety of mavorixafor alone and in combination with pembrolizumab. Experimental Design Serial biopsies of melanoma lesions were assessed after 3 weeks of mavorixafor monotherapy and after 6 weeks of combination treatment for immune cell markers by NanoString analysis for gene expression and by multiplexed immunofluorescent staining for in situ protein expression. Serum samples taken at biopsy timepoints were evaluated for key chemokine and cytokine alterations using the Myriad Rules Based Medicine multiplex immunoassays. Results Within the TME, mavorixafor alone increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration, granzyme B signal, antigen presentation machinery, and both tumor inflammatory signature (TIS) and IFNγ gene expression signature scores. Increases in the key serum cytokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 were further enhanced when mavorixafor was combined with pembrolizumab. Adverse events (AE), as assessed by the investigator according to NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (v4.03), related to either mavorixafor or pembrolizumab (≥15%) were diarrhea, fatigue, maculopapular rash, and dry eye. Reported AEs were all ≤ grade 3. Conclusion/Discussion Treatment with single-agent mavorixafor resulted in enhanced immune cell infiltration and activation in the TME, leading to increases in TIS and IFNγ gene signatures. Mavorixafor as a single agent, and in combination with pembrolizumab, has an acceptable safety profile. These data support further investigation of the use of mavorixafor for patients unresponsive to checkpoint inhibitors. Significance Despite survival improvements in patients with melanoma treated with checkpoint inhibitor therapy, a significant unmet medical need exists for therapies that enhance effectiveness. We propose that mavorixafor sensitizes the melanoma tumor microenvironment and enhances the activity of checkpoint inhibitors, and thereby may translate to a promising treatment for broader patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H.I. Andtbacka
- Surgical Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Yan Wang
- X4 Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert H. Pierce
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jean S. Campbell
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Melinda Yushak
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Merrick Ross
- Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | - Kris Bickley
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Cecilia CS Yeung
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lauri D. Aicher
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kimberly S. Smythe
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lu Gan
- X4 Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts
- Corresponding Author: Lu Gan, Clinical Development, X4 Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA 02134. Phone: 617-678-9395; E-mail:
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Rathjen T, Kunkemoeller B, Cederquist CT, Wang X, Lockhart SM, Patti JC, Willenbrock H, Olsen GS, Povlsen GK, Beck HC, Rasmussen LM, Li Q, Park K, King GL, Rask-Madsen C. Endothelial Cell Insulin Signaling Regulates CXCR4 (C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4) and Limits Leukocyte Adhesion to Endothelium. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:e217-e227. [PMID: 35652755 PMCID: PMC9371472 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An activated, proinflammatory endothelium is a key feature in the development of complications of obesity and type 2 diabetes and can be caused by insulin resistance in endothelial cells. METHODS We analyzed primary human endothelial cells by RNA sequencing to discover novel insulin-regulated genes and used endothelial cell culture and animal models to characterize signaling through CXCR4 (C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4) in endothelial cells. RESULTS CXCR4 was one of the genes most potently regulated by insulin, and this was mediated by PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase), likely through FoxO1, which bound to the CXCR4 promoter. CXCR4 mRNA in CD31+ cells was 77% higher in mice with diet-induced obesity compared with lean controls and 37% higher in db/db mice than db/+ controls, consistent with upregulation of CXCR4 in endothelial cell insulin resistance. SDF-1 (stromal cell-derived factor-1)-the ligand for CXCR4-increased leukocyte adhesion to cultured endothelial cells. This effect was lost after deletion of CXCR4 by gene editing while 80% of the increase was prevented by treatment of endothelial cells with insulin. In vivo microscopy of mesenteric venules showed an increase in leukocyte rolling after intravenous injection of SDF-1, but most of this response was prevented in transgenic mice with endothelial overexpression of IRS-1 (insulin receptor substrate-1). CONCLUSIONS Endothelial cell insulin signaling limits leukocyte/endothelial cell interaction induced by SDF-1 through downregulation of CXCR4. Improving insulin signaling in endothelial cells or inhibiting endothelial CXCR4 may reduce immune cell recruitment to the vascular wall or tissue parenchyma in insulin resistance and thereby help prevent several vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rathjen
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (T.R., B.K., C.T.C., X.W., S.M.L., J.C.P., Q.L., K.P., G.L.K., C.R.-M.).,Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark (T.R., H.W., G.S.O., G.K.P.)
| | - Britta Kunkemoeller
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (T.R., B.K., C.T.C., X.W., S.M.L., J.C.P., Q.L., K.P., G.L.K., C.R.-M.)
| | - Carly T Cederquist
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (T.R., B.K., C.T.C., X.W., S.M.L., J.C.P., Q.L., K.P., G.L.K., C.R.-M.)
| | - Xuanchun Wang
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (T.R., B.K., C.T.C., X.W., S.M.L., J.C.P., Q.L., K.P., G.L.K., C.R.-M.)
| | - Sam M Lockhart
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (T.R., B.K., C.T.C., X.W., S.M.L., J.C.P., Q.L., K.P., G.L.K., C.R.-M.)
| | - James C Patti
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (T.R., B.K., C.T.C., X.W., S.M.L., J.C.P., Q.L., K.P., G.L.K., C.R.-M.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qian Li
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (T.R., B.K., C.T.C., X.W., S.M.L., J.C.P., Q.L., K.P., G.L.K., C.R.-M.)
| | - Kyoungmin Park
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (T.R., B.K., C.T.C., X.W., S.M.L., J.C.P., Q.L., K.P., G.L.K., C.R.-M.)
| | - George L King
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (T.R., B.K., C.T.C., X.W., S.M.L., J.C.P., Q.L., K.P., G.L.K., C.R.-M.)
| | - Christian Rask-Madsen
- Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (T.R., B.K., C.T.C., X.W., S.M.L., J.C.P., Q.L., K.P., G.L.K., C.R.-M.)
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El Kheir W, Marcos B, Virgilio N, Paquette B, Faucheux N, Lauzon MA. Drug Delivery Systems in the Development of Novel Strategies for Glioblastoma Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1189. [PMID: 35745762 PMCID: PMC9227363 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV glioma considered the most fatal cancer of the central nervous system (CNS), with less than a 5% survival rate after five years. The tumor heterogeneity, the high infiltrative behavior of its cells, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that limits the access of therapeutic drugs to the brain are the main reasons hampering the current standard treatment efficiency. Following the tumor resection, the infiltrative remaining GBM cells, which are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, can further invade the surrounding brain parenchyma. Consequently, the development of new strategies to treat parenchyma-infiltrating GBM cells, such as vaccines, nanotherapies, and tumor cells traps including drug delivery systems, is required. For example, the chemoattractant CXCL12, by binding to its CXCR4 receptor, activates signaling pathways that play a critical role in tumor progression and invasion, making it an interesting therapeutic target to properly control the direction of GBM cell migration for treatment proposes. Moreover, the interstitial fluid flow (IFF) is also implicated in increasing the GBM cell migration through the activation of the CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling pathway. However, due to its complex and variable nature, the influence of the IFF on the efficiency of drug delivery systems is not well understood yet. Therefore, this review discusses novel drug delivery strategies to overcome the GBM treatment limitations, focusing on chemokines such as CXCL12 as an innovative approach to reverse the migration of infiltrated GBM. Furthermore, recent developments regarding in vitro 3D culture systems aiming to mimic the dynamic peritumoral environment for the optimization of new drug delivery technologies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiam El Kheir
- Advanced Dynamic Cell Culture Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - Bernard Marcos
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - Nick Virgilio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Benoit Paquette
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
- Clinical Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Faucheux
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Clinical Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Lauzon
- Advanced Dynamic Cell Culture Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Research Center on Aging, 1036 Rue Belvédère Sud, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
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Mosteiro A, Pedrosa L, Ferrés A, Diao D, Sierra À, González JJ. The Vascular Microenvironment in Glioblastoma: A Comprehensive Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061285. [PMID: 35740307 PMCID: PMC9219822 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme, the deadliest primary brain tumor, is characterized by an excessive and aberrant neovascularization. The initial expectations raised by anti-angiogenic drugs were soon tempered due to their limited efficacy in improving the overall survival. Intrinsic resistance and escape mechanisms against anti-VEGF therapies evidenced that tumor angiogenesis is an intricate multifaceted phenomenon and that vessels not only support the tumor but exert indispensable interactions for resistance and spreading. This holistic review covers the essentials of the vascular microenvironment of glioblastoma, including the perivascular niche components, the vascular generation patterns and the implicated signaling pathways, the endothelial–tumor interrelation, and the interconnection between vessel aberrancies and immune disarrangement. The revised concepts provide novel insights into the preclinical models and the potential explanations for the failure of conventional anti-angiogenic therapies, leading to an era of new and combined anti-angiogenic-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Mosteiro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.F.); (J.J.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Leire Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncological Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.); (D.D.); (À.S.)
| | - Abel Ferrés
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.F.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Diouldé Diao
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncological Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.); (D.D.); (À.S.)
| | - Àngels Sierra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncological Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.); (D.D.); (À.S.)
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Juan González
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.F.); (J.J.G.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncological Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.); (D.D.); (À.S.)
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Li H. Intercellular crosstalk of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:598-613. [PMID: 34344577 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intercellular crosstalk among various liver cells plays an important role in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Capillarization of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) precedes fibrosis and accumulating evidence suggests that the crosstalk between LSECs and other liver cells is critical in the development and progression of liver fibrosis. LSECs dysfunction, a key event in the progression from fibrosis to cirrhosis, and subsequently obstruction of hepatic sinuses and increased intrahepatic vascular resistance (IHVR) contribute to development of portal hypertension (PHT) and cirrhosis. More importantly, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which is closely related to the crosstalk between LSECs and immune liver cells like CD8+ T cells, promotes advances tumorigenesis, especially HCC. However, the connections within the crosstalk between LSECs and other liver cells during the progression from liver fibrosis to cirrhosis to HCC have yet to be discussed. In this review, we first summarize the current knowledge of how different crosstalk between LSECs and other liver cells, including hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), macrophoges, immune cells in liver and extra cellular matrix (ECM) contribute to the physiological function and the progrssion from liver fibrosis to cirrhosis, or even to HCC. Then we examine current treatment strategies for LSECs crosstalk in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Central Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China.
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Jecs E, Tahirovic YA, Wilson RJ, Miller EJ, Kim M, Truax V, Nguyen HH, Akins NS, Saindane M, Wang T, Sum CS, Cvijic ME, Schroeder GM, Burton SL, Derdeyn CA, Xu L, Jiang Y, Wilson LJ, Liotta DC. Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Tetrahydronaphthyridine CXCR4 Antagonists with Improved Drug-like Profiles. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4058-4084. [PMID: 35179893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Our first-generation CXCR4 antagonist TIQ15 was rationally modified to improve drug-like properties. Introducing a nitrogen atom into the aromatic portion of the tetrahydroisoquinoline ring led to several heterocyclic variants including the 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridine series, greatly reducing the inhibition of the CYP 2D6 enzyme. Compound 12a demonstrated the best overall properties after profiling a series of isomeric tetrahydronaphthyridine analogues in a battery of biochemical assays including CXCR4 antagonism, CYP 2D6 inhibition, metabolic stability, and permeability. The butyl amine side chain of 12a was substituted with various lipophilic groups to improve the permeability. These efforts culminated in the discovery of compound 30 as a potent CXCR4 antagonist (IC50 = 24 nM) with diminished CYP 2D6 activity, improved PAMPA permeability (309 nm/s), potent inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus entry (IC50 = 7 nM), a cleaner off-target in vitro safety profile, lower human ether a-go-go-related gene channel activity, and higher oral bioavailability in mice (% FPO = 27) compared to AMD11070 and TIQ15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgars Jecs
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yesim A Tahirovic
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Robert J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Eric J Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Michelle Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Valarie Truax
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Huy H Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Nicholas S Akins
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Manohar Saindane
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Chi S Sum
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Mary E Cvijic
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Gretchen M Schroeder
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Samantha L Burton
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Cynthia A Derdeyn
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Lingjie Xu
- Hangzhou Junrui Biotechnology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Hangzhou Junrui Biotechnology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Lawrence J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Dennis C Liotta
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Löck S, Linge A, Lohaus F, Ebert N, Gudziol V, Nowak A, Tinhofer I, Kalinauskaite G, Guberina M, Stuschke M, Balermpas P, von der Grün J, Grosu AL, Debus J, Ganswindt U, Belka C, Peeken JC, Combs SE, De-Colle C, Zips D, Baretton GB, Krause M, Baumann M. Biomarker signatures for primary radiochemotherapy of locally advanced HNSCC - hypothesis generation on a multicentre cohort of the DKTK-ROG. Radiother Oncol 2022; 169:8-14. [PMID: 35182686 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop prognostic biomarker signatures for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated by primary radiochemotherapy (RCTx) based on previously published molecular analyses of the retrospective biomarker study of the German Cancer Consortium - Radiation Oncology Group (DKTK-ROG). MATERIAL AND METHODS In previous studies on the retrospective DKTK-ROG HNSCC cohort treated with primary RCTx, the following clinical parameters and biomarkers were evaluated and found to be significantly associated with loco-regional tumour control (LRC) or overall survival (OS): tumour volume, p16 status, expression of cancer stem cell markers CD44 and SLC3A2, expressions of hypoxia-associated gene signatures, tumour mutational burden (TMB), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ERCC2 gene (rs1799793, rs13181) and ERCC5 gene (rs17655) as well as the expression of CXCR4, SDF-1 and CD8. These biomarkers were combined in multivariable modelling using Cox-regression with backward variable selection. RESULTS A baseline signature containing the widely accepted parameters tumour volume, p16 status, cancer stem cell marker expression (CD44) and hypoxia-associated gene expression has been defined, representing the main hypothesis of the study. Furthermore, the baseline signature was extended by additional prognostic biomarkers and a data-driven signature without any pre-hypothesis was generated for both endpoints. In these signatures, the SNPs rs1799793 and rs17655 as well as CXCR4, SDF-1 and SLC3A2 expression were additionally included. The signatures showed significant patient stratifications for LRC and OS. CONCLUSION Three biomarker signatures were defined for patients with locally advanced HNSCC treated with primary RCTx for the endpoints LRC and OS. These signatures will be validated in the prospective HNprädBio study of the DKTK-ROG that recently completed recruitment, before potential application in an interventional trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Löck
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
| | - Annett Linge
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabian Lohaus
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Nadja Ebert
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Gudziol
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Municipal Hospital Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Nowak
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingeborg Tinhofer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Goda Kalinauskaite
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maja Guberina
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen, Germany; Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Stuschke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen, Germany; Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Balermpas
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jens von der Grün
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anca-Ligia Grosu
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), University of Heidelberg Medical School and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany; Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg Medical School, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg Medical School and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany; Translational Radiation Oncology, University of Heidelberg Medical School and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany
| | - Ute Ganswindt
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Group, Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claus Belka
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Group, Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan C Peeken
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chiara De-Colle
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Zips
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gustavo B Baretton
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Tumour- and Normal Tissue Bank, University Cancer Centre (UCC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Baumann
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Yang Y, Ma Y, Yan S, Wang P, Hu J, Chen S, Zhu J, Wang J, Chen G, Liu Y. CAF promotes chemoresistance through NRP2 in gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2022; 25:503-514. [PMID: 34826008 PMCID: PMC9013334 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-021-01270-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblasts are the predominant cell type in the stroma of tumor, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote cancer chemoresistance by secreting various bioactive molecules. However, the differential expression between CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) and how can CAFs uniquely impact cancer cells are still unexplored. METHODS Primary CAFs and NFs were cultured from gastric cancer specimens, and their variant expression was analyzed by RNA-sequencing. Chemoresistance was evaluated by measuring cell viability, apoptosis, and 3D-coculture techniques. RESULTS CAFs were isolated from gastric cancers and defined by specific cell-surface markers. CAFs decreased the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to 5-FU. RNA-sequencing showed that CAFs expressed a higher level of NRP2 than NFs. And the high expression of NRP2 was correlated with worse oncological outcomes in gastric cancer patients. Further study showed that the knockdown of NRP2 eradicated the resistance to 5-FU. And the secretion of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) was reduced following NRP2 knockdown. Furthermore, we found that the increased sensitivity to 5-FU was induced by DNA damage. And this process was mediated by predominant effectors of the Hippo pathway, YAP/TAZ. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicated that CAFs within gastric cancers promote chemoresistance through the expression of NRP2. The secretion of SDF-1 that mediated by VEGF/NRP2 signaling in CAFs and the activation of Hippo pathway in cancer cells in large part participated in this project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yongchen Ma
- Department of Endoscopic Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Yan
- Department of Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengyuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Shanwen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jingui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Guowei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yucun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
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Joo M, Heo J, Kim S, Kim N, Jeon H, An Y, Song GY, Kim JM, Lee H. Decursin inhibits tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by downregulating CXCR7 expression in vitro. Oncol Rep 2021; 47:39. [PMID: 34958113 PMCID: PMC8759107 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) is frequently overexpressed in cancer and plays a significant role in tumor growth and metastasis. Consequently, inhibition of CXCR7 is important for treatment strategies. However, little is known concerning the biological role of CXCR7 and its underlying mechanisms in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The present study investigated the role of CXCR7 in HNSCC, as well as the effects of decursin, a pyranocoumarin compound isolated from Angelica gigas Nakai, on CXCR7 and its downstream signaling. Expression levels of CXCR7 in HNSCC cells were examined using flow cytometry, reverse transcriptase PCR, western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence. The effects of CXCR7 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were studied using CCK-8, gap closure, and transwell assays. The results revealed that decursin significantly reduced CXCR7 expression and inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of human HNSCC cell lines. In addition, decursin induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in CXCR7-overexpressing cells and decreased the levels of cyclin A, cyclin E, and CDK2. Furthermore, CXCR7 promoted cancer progression via the STAT3/c-Myc pathway in HNSCC; suppression of CXCR7 with decursin prevented this effect. These results suggest that CXCR7 promotes cancer progression through the STAT3/c-Myc pathway and that the natural compound decursin targets CXCR7 and may be valuable in the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Joo
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Solbi Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Jeon
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yueun An
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Yong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Lee
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
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38
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Kumar N, Saraber P, Ding Z, Kusumbe AP. Diversity of Vascular Niches in Bones and Joints During Homeostasis, Ageing, and Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:798211. [PMID: 34975909 PMCID: PMC8718446 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.798211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The bones and joints in the skeletal system are composed of diverse cell types, including vascular niches, bone cells, connective tissue cells and mineral deposits and regulate whole-body homeostasis. The capacity of maintaining strength and generation of blood lineages lies within the skeletal system. Bone harbours blood and immune cells and their progenitors, and vascular cells provide several immune cell type niches. Blood vessels in bone are phenotypically and functionally diverse, with distinct capillary subtypes exhibiting striking changes with age. The bone vasculature has a special impact on osteogenesis and haematopoiesis, and dysregulation of the vasculature is associated with diverse blood and bone diseases. Ageing is associated with perturbed haematopoiesis, loss of osteogenesis, increased adipogenesis and diminished immune response and immune cell production. Endothelial and perivascular cells impact immune cell production and play a crucial role during inflammation. Here, we discuss normal and maladapted vascular niches in bone during development, homeostasis, ageing and bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Further, we discuss the role of vascular niches during bone malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anjali P. Kusumbe
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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39
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Parol-Kulczyk M, Gzil A, Ligmanowska J, Grzanka D. Prognostic significance of SDF-1 chemokine and its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 involved in EMT of prostate cancer. Cytokine 2021; 150:155778. [PMID: 34920230 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tendency to conversion from state of chronic inflammation to malignancy is a tumor characteristic trait, which encourages progression to its metastatic stage.. The inflammatory cells maintaining in the tumor inaugurate a communication with cancer cells and become tumor-fostering cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a program supporting malignant cells during switch phenotype into metastatic form, providing looseness of cell-cell adherence and strengthens migratory or invasive features. EMT-undergone tumor cells become more aggressive and resistant to apoptosis. Additionally, malignant cells can be stimulated to manufacture proinflammatory factors throughout EMT program. Chronic inflammation is responsible for EMT induction in malignancies. Developed tumors induce inflammatory response through excretion of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, which recruit populations of infiltrating immune cells straight to the tumor microenvironment. The inflammatory reaction potentially exerts tumor control, but instead it can be intercepted by the tumor to stimulate its own development in direction to metastatic form. Our study confirmed that SDF-1 chemokine and its receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7 may participate in initiation of metastases formation and EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Parol-Kulczyk
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Gzil
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
| | - Joanna Ligmanowska
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Grzanka
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
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40
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Azad AK, Farhan MA, Murray CR, Suzuki K, Eitzen G, Touret N, Moore RB, Murray AG. FGD5 regulates endothelial cell PI3 kinase-β to promote neo-angiogenesis. FASEB J 2021; 36:e22080. [PMID: 34882832 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100554r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is required in embryonic development and tissue repair in the adult. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) initiates angiogenesis, and VEGF or its receptor is targeted therapeutically to block pathological angiogenesis. Additional pro-angiogenic cues, such as CXCL12 acting via the CXCR4 receptor, co-operate with VEGF/VEGFR2 to cue vascular patterning. We studied the role of FGD5, an endothelial Rho GTP/GDP exchange factor (RhoGEF), to regulate CXCR4-dependent signals in the endothelial cell (EC). Patient-derived renal cell carcinomas produce a complex milieu of growth factors that stimulated sprouting angiogenesis and endothelial tip cell differentiation ex vivo that was blocked by EC FGD5 loss. In a simplified model, CXCL12 augmented sprouting and tip gene expression under conditions where VEGF was limiting. CXCL12-stimulated tip cell differentiation was dependent on PI3 kinase (PI3K)-β activity. Knockdown of EC FGD5 abolished CXCR4 signaling to PI3K-β and Akt. Further, inhibition of Rac1, a Rho GTPase required for PI3K-β activity, recapitulated the signaling defects of FGD5 deficiency, suggesting that FGD5 may regulate PI3K-β activity through Rac1. Overexpression of a RhoGEF deficient, Dbl domain-deleted FGD5 mutant reduced CXCL12-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and failed to rescue PI3K signaling in native FGD5-deficient EC, indicating that FGD5 RhoGEF activity is required for FDG5 function. Endothelial expression of mutant PI3K-β with an inactivated Rho binding domain confirmed that CXCL12-stimulated PI3K activity in EC requires Rac1-GTP co-regulation. Together, this data identify the role of FGD5 to generate Rac1-GTP to regulate pro-angiogenic CXCR4-dependent PI3K-β signaling in EC. Inhibition of FGD5 activity may complement current angiogenesis inhibitor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abul K Azad
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maikel A Farhan
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cameron R Murray
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kunimasa Suzuki
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary Eitzen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicolas Touret
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ronald B Moore
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Allan G Murray
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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41
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The membrane-linked adaptor FRS2β fashions a cytokine-rich inflammatory microenvironment that promotes breast cancer carcinogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2103658118. [PMID: 34663724 PMCID: PMC8639355 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103658118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human breast cancer develops after a long period of latency under premalignant conditions. Strategies to target the premalignant conditions have yet to materialize since the molecular mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we discovered that FRS2β, expressed in a subset of mammary epithelial cells, directly activates nuclear factor–κB (NF-κB) and drives the initiation and promotion of the stroma-rich premalignant conditions. The FRS2β-triggered activation of NF-κB takes place in the early endosomes, the organelles, which have not been believed to be a major place for NF-κB signaling. The endosome signaling should be a novel focus for targeting therapy for prevention of breast cancer. This work paves a new way to develop preventive strategies of breast tumor development. Although it is held that proinflammatory changes precede the onset of breast cancer, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we demonstrate that FRS2β, an adaptor protein expressed in a small subset of epithelial cells, triggers the proinflammatory changes that induce stroma in premalignant mammary tissues and is responsible for the disease onset. FRS2β deficiency in mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)–ErbB2 mice markedly attenuated tumorigenesis. Importantly, tumor cells derived from MMTV-ErbB2 mice failed to generate tumors when grafted in the FRS2β-deficient premalignant tissues. We found that colocalization of FRS2β and the NEMO subunit of the IκB kinase complex in early endosomes led to activation of nuclear factor–κB (NF-κB), a master regulator of inflammation. Moreover, inhibition of the activities of the NF-κB–induced cytokines, CXC chemokine ligand 12 and insulin-like growth factor 1, abrogated tumorigenesis. Human breast cancer tissues that express higher levels of FRS2β contain more stroma. The elucidation of the FRS2β–NF-κB axis uncovers a molecular link between the proinflammatory changes and the disease onset.
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42
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Morales E, Olson M, Iglesias F, Dahiya S, Luetkens T, Atanackovic D. Role of immunotherapy in Ewing sarcoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-000653. [PMID: 33293354 PMCID: PMC7725096 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (ES) is thought to arise from mesenchymal stem cells and is the second most common bone sarcoma in pediatric patients and young adults. Given the dismal overall outcomes and very intensive therapies used, there is an urgent need to explore and develop alternative treatment modalities including immunotherapies. In this article, we provide an overview of ES biology, features of ES tumor microenvironment (TME) and review various tumor-associated antigens that can be targeted with immune-based approaches including cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, T cell receptor-transduced T cells, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. We highlight key reasons for the limited efficacy of various immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of ES to date. These factors include absence of human leukocyte antigen class I molecules from the tumor tissue, lack of an ideal surface antigen, and immunosuppressive TME due to the presence of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, F2 fibrocytes, and M2-like macrophages. Lastly, we offer insights into strategies for novel therapeutics development in ES. These strategies include the development of gene-modified T cell receptor T cells against cancer–testis antigen such as XAGE-1, surface target discovery through detailed profiling of ES surface proteome, and combinatorial approaches. In summary, we provide state-of-the-art science in ES tumor immunology and immunotherapy, with rationale and recommendations for future therapeutics development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Morales
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Michael Olson
- Cancer Immunotherapy, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Fiorella Iglesias
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Saurabh Dahiya
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tim Luetkens
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Cancer Immunotherapy, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah/Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Djordje Atanackovic
- Cancer Immunotherapy, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA .,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah/Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Li Z, Fu X, Huang J, Zeng P, Huang Y, Chen X, Liang C. Advances in Screening and Development of Therapeutic Aptamers Against Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:662791. [PMID: 34095130 PMCID: PMC8170048 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.662791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become the leading cause of death in recent years. As great advances in medical treatment, emerging therapies of various cancers have been developed. Current treatments include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. Aptamers are synthetic ssDNA or RNA. They can bind tightly to target molecules due to their unique tertiary structure. It is easy for aptamers to be screened, synthesized, programmed, and chemically modified. Aptamers are emerging targeted drugs that hold great potentials, called therapeutic aptamers. There are few types of therapeutic aptamers that have already been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for disease treatment. Now more and more therapeutic aptamers are in the stage of preclinical research or clinical trials. This review summarized the screening and development of therapeutic aptamers against different types of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuekun Fu
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peiyuan Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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CXCR4 intracellular protein promotes drug resistance and tumorigenic potential by inversely regulating the expression of Death Receptor 5. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:464. [PMID: 33966046 PMCID: PMC8106681 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03730-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptor CXCR4 overexpression in solid tumors has been strongly associated with poor prognosis and adverse clinical outcome. However, blockade of CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling axis by inhibitors like Nox-A12, FDA approved CXCR4 inhibitor drug AMD3100 have shown limited clinical success in cancer treatment. Therefore, exclusive contribution of CXCR4-CXCL12 signaling in pro-tumorigenic function is questionable. In our pursuit to understand the impact of chemokine signaling in carcinogenesis, we reveal that instead of CXCR4-CXCL12 signaling, presence of CXCR4 intracellular protein augments paclitaxel resistance and pro-tumorigenic functions. In search of pro-apoptotic mechanisms for CXCR4 mediated drug resistance; we discover that DR5 is a new selective target of CXCR4 in breast and colon cancer. Further, we detect that CXCR4 directs the differential recruitment of transcription factors p53 and YY1 to the promoter of DR5 in course of its transcriptional repression. Remarkably, inhibiting CXCR4-ligand-mediated signals completely fails to block the above phenotype. Overexpression of different mutant versions of CXCR4 lacking signal transduction capabilities also result in marked downregulation of DR5 expression in colon cancer indeed confirms the reverse relationship between DR5 and intracellular CXCR4 protein expression. Irrespective of CXCR4 surface expression, by utilizing stable gain and loss of function approaches, we observe that intracellular CXCR4 protein selectively resists and sensitizes colon cancer cells against paclitaxel therapy in vitro and in vivo. Finally, performing TCGA data mining and using human breast cancer patient samples, we demonstrate that expression of CXCR4 and DR5 are inversely regulated. Together, our data suggest that targeting CXCR4 intracellular protein may be critical to dampen the pro-tumorigenic functions of CXCR4.
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45
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Goto M, Liu M. ASO Author Reflections: CXCR7 and CXCL12 Expression as Biomarker in Patients with Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:4952. [PMID: 33811307 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Goto
- Department of Thoracic, Endocrine Surgery and Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. .,Departments of Surgery, Medicine and Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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46
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A highly selective and potent CXCR4 antagonist for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2015433118. [PMID: 33753481 PMCID: PMC8020795 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015433118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) receptor and its ligand, CXCL12, are overexpressed in various cancers and mediate tumor progression and hypoxia-mediated resistance to cancer therapy. While CXCR4 antagonists have potential anticancer effects when combined with conventional anticancer drugs, their poor potency against CXCL12/CXCR4 downstream signaling pathways and systemic toxicity had precluded clinical application. Herein, BPRCX807, known as a safe, selective, and potent CXCR4 antagonist, has been designed and experimentally realized. In in vitro and in vivo hepatocellular carcinoma mouse models it can significantly suppress primary tumor growth, prevent distant metastasis/cell migration, reduce angiogenesis, and normalize the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by reducing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) infiltration, reprogramming TAMs toward an immunostimulatory phenotype and promoting cytotoxic T cell infiltration into tumor. Although BPRCX807 treatment alone prolongs overall survival as effectively as both marketed sorafenib and anti-PD-1, it could synergize with either of them in combination therapy to further extend life expectancy and suppress distant metastasis more significantly.
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47
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Goto M, Shibahara Y, Baciu C, Allison F, Yeung JC, Darling GE, Liu M. Prognostic Impact of CXCR7 and CXCL12 Expression in Patients with Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:4943-4951. [PMID: 33709176 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemokines are major regulators of cell trafficking and adhesion. The chemokine CXCL12 and its receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7, have been reported as biomarkers in various cancers, including esophageal cancer; however, there are few studies in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). In this study, we investigated the relationship between expression of CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7, and prognosis in patients with EAC. METHODS This study examined 55 patients with EAC who were treated in Toronto General Hospital from 2001 to 2010. Tissue microarray immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7. Evaluation of immunohistochemistry was performed by a pathologist without knowledge of patients' information and results were compared with the patients' clinicopathological features and survival. RESULTS High CXCR7 expression was significantly associated with lymphatic invasion (present vs absent, P = 0.005) and higher number of lymph node metastases (pN0-1 vs pN2-3, P = 0.0014). Patients with high CXCR7 expression (n = 23) were associated with worse overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.0221, P = 0.0090, respectively), and patients with high CXCL12 (n = 24) tended to have worse OS and DFS (P = 0.1091, P = 0.1477, respectively). High expression of both CXCR7 and CXCL12 was an independent prognostic factor for OS and DFS on multivariate analysis (HR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.9, P = 0.0246, HR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.8, P = 0.0134, respectively). CONCLUSIONS High CXCR7 expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with EAC, and high expression of CXCR7 with its ligand CXCL12 had a stronger association with prognosis. Further study of this potential biomarker using whole tissue samples and a larger sample size is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Goto
- Department of Thoracic, Endocrine Surgery and Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yukiko Shibahara
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Cristina Baciu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Frances Allison
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jonathan C Yeung
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gail E Darling
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. .,Departments of Surgery, Medicine, and Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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48
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Zangouei AS, Hamidi AA, Rahimi HR, Saburi E, Mojarrad M, Moghbeli M. Chemokines as the critical factors during bladder cancer progression: an overview. Int Rev Immunol 2021; 40:344-358. [PMID: 33591855 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1877287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most frequent urogenital malignancies which is mainly observed among men. There are various genetic and environmental risk factors associated with BCa progression. Transurethral endoscopic resection and open ablative surgery are the main treatment options for muscle invasive BCa. BCG therapy is also employed following the endoscopic resection to prevent tumor relapse. The tumor microenvironment is the main interaction site of tumor cells and immune system in which the immune cells are recruited via chemokines and chemokine receptors. In present review we summarized the main chemokines and chemokine receptors which have been associated with histopathological features of BCa patients in the world. This review highlights the chemokines and chemokine receptors as critical markers in early detection and therapeutic purposes among BCa patients and clarifies their molecular functions during BCa progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sadra Zangouei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Hamidi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Mojarrad
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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49
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Lu G, Qiu Y, Su X. Targeting CXCL12-CXCR4 Signaling Enhances Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy Against Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 157:105606. [PMID: 33131745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient T cell infiltration in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has limited its response rate to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies and motivated the development of immunostimulatory approaches to enhance the ICB therapy. CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor highly upregulated both on cell surface and cytoplasm in tumor tissues. Activating CXCR4 has been associated with increased immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we developed a CXCR4-targeted liposomal formulation (Liposomal-AMD3100) to enhance therapeutic efficacy of AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist. Particularly, AMD3100 is not only encapsulated into the liposome but coated on the surface of the formulation to serve as a targeting moiety and a dual blocker capable of inhibiting CXCR4 activation extracellularly and intracellularly. The Liposomal-AMD3100 remodeled both immune and stromal microenvironment more efficiently compared with free AMD3100, indicating better pharmacodynamic profile of AMD3100 achieved by liposomal formulation. The combination of anti-PD-L1 with Liposomal-AMD3100 formulation exhibited an increased antitumor effect and prolonged survival time compared with monotherapies in a murine TNBC model (4T1). This work proves that immune activation via liposomal delivery of CXCR4 inhibitors has a great potential to expand ICB therapies to originally ICB-insensitive cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Lu
- Department of Thyroid and breast mininally invasive surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital, No.251 Baizhang East Road, 315000 Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
| | - Yier Qiu
- Department of Thyroid and breast mininally invasive surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital, No.251 Baizhang East Road, 315000 Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobao Su
- Department of Thyroid and breast mininally invasive surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital, No.251 Baizhang East Road, 315000 Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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50
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López-Gil JC, Martin-Hijano L, Hermann PC, Sainz B. The CXCL12 Crossroads in Cancer Stem Cells and Their Niche. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030469. [PMID: 33530455 PMCID: PMC7866198 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary CXCL12 and its receptors have been extensively studied in cancer, including their influence on cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their niche. This intensive research has led to a better understanding of the crosstalk between CXCL12 and CSCs, which has aided in designing several drugs that are currently being tested in clinical trials. However, a comprehensive review has not been published to date. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on how CXCL12 axes are involved in the regulation and maintenance of CSCs, their presence and influence at different cellular levels within the CSC niche, and the current state-of-the-art of therapeutic approaches aimed to target the CXCL12 crossroads. Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a subpopulation of “stem”-like cells within the tumor with unique characteristics that allow them to maintain tumor growth, escape standard anti-tumor therapies and drive subsequent repopulation of the tumor. This is the result of their intrinsic “stem”-like features and the strong driving influence of the CSC niche, a subcompartment within the tumor microenvironment that includes a diverse group of cells focused on maintaining and supporting the CSC. CXCL12 is a chemokine that plays a crucial role in hematopoietic stem cell support and has been extensively reported to be involved in several cancer-related processes. In this review, we will provide the latest evidence about the interactions between CSC niche-derived CXCL12 and its receptors—CXCR4 and CXCR7—present on CSC populations across different tumor entities. The interactions facilitated by CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axes seem to be strongly linked to CSC “stem”-like features, tumor progression, and metastasis promotion. Altogether, this suggests a role for CXCL12 and its receptors in the maintenance of CSCs and the components of their niche. Moreover, we will also provide an update of the therapeutic options being currently tested to disrupt the CXCL12 axes in order to target, directly or indirectly, the CSC subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos López-Gil
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.L.-G.); (L.M.-H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3-Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Martin-Hijano
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.L.-G.); (L.M.-H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3-Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick C. Hermann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Correspondence: (P.C.H.); (B.S.J.)
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.L.-G.); (L.M.-H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Diseases and Cancer, Area 3-Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.C.H.); (B.S.J.)
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