1
|
Detchou D, Barrie U. Interleukin 6 and cancer resistance in glioblastoma multiforme. Neurosurg Rev 2024; 47:541. [PMID: 39231832 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Despite unprecedented survival in patients with glioblastoma (GB), the aggressive primary brain cancer remains largely incurable and its mechanisms of treatment resistance have gained particular attention. The cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) and its receptor weave through the hallmarks of malignant gliomas and may represent a key vulnerability to GB. Known for activating the STAT3 pathway in autocrine fashion, IL-6 is amplified in GB and has been recognized as a negative biomarker for GB prognosis, rendering it a putative target of novel GB therapies. While it has been recognized as a biologically active component of GB for three decades only with concurrent advances in understanding of complementary immunotherapy has the concept of targeting IL-6 for a human clinical trial gained scientific footing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald Detchou
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Umaru Barrie
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NYC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao Y, Fei Y, Zhao Y, Li M, Hu Y, Cai K, Yu SH, Luo Z. Biomineralization-Tuned Nanounits Reprogram the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Signaling for Ferroptosis-Immunotherapy in Cancer Stem Cells. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39083438 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are promising targets for improving anticancer treatment outcomes while eliminating recurrence, but their treatment remains a major challenge. Here, we report a nanointegrative strategy to realize CSC-targeted ferroptosis-immunotherapy through spatiotemporally controlled reprogramming of STAT3-regulated signaling circuits. Specifically, STAT3 inhibitor niclosamide (Ni) and an experimental ferroptosis drug (1S, 3R)-RSL3 (RSL3) are integrated into hyaluronic acid-modified amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanounits through biomineralization (CaP-PEG-HA@Ni/RSL3), which could be recognized by CD44-overexpressing CSCs and released in a synchronized manner. Ni inhibits the CSC-intrinsic STAT3-PD-L1 axis to stimulate adaptive immunity and enhance interferon gamma (IFNγ) secretion by CD8+ T cells to downregulate SLC7A11 and SLC3A2 for blocking glutathione biosynthesis. Meanwhile, Ni-dependent STAT3 inhibition also upregulates ACSL4 through downstream signaling and IFNγ feedback. These effects cooperate with RSL3-mediated GPX4 deactivation to induce pronounced ferroptosis. Furthermore, CaP-PEG-HA@Ni/RSL3 also impairs the immunosuppressive M2-like tumor-associated macrophages, while Ca2+ ions released from degraded ACP could chelate with lipid peroxides in ferroptotic CSCs to avoid CD8+ T-cell inhibition, thus boosting the effector function of activated CD8+ T cells. This study offers a cooperative ferroptosis-immunotherapeutic approach for the treatment of refractory cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youbo Zhao
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory for Autoimmune Disease Research, Department of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Affiliate Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Yang Fei
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Menghuan Li
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Luo
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
To J, Ghosh S, Zhao X, Pasini E, Fischer S, Sapisochin G, Ghanekar A, Jaeckel E, Bhat M. Deep learning-based pathway-centric approach to characterize recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:58. [PMID: 38840185 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation (LT) is offered as a cure for Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however 15-20% develop recurrence post-transplant which tends to be aggressive. In this study, we examined the transcriptome profiles of patients with recurrent HCC to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), the involved pathways, biological functions, and potential gene signatures of recurrent HCC post-transplant using deep machine learning (ML) methodology. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of primary and recurrent tumor samples from 7 pairs of patients who underwent LT. Following differential gene expression analysis, we performed pathway enrichment, gene ontology (GO) analyses and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) with top 10 hub gene networks. We also predicted the landscape of infiltrating immune cells using Cibersortx. We next develop pathway and GO term-based deep learning models leveraging primary tissue gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify gene signatures in recurrent HCC. RESULTS The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and cytokine-mediated signaling pathway were particularly activated in HCC recurrence. The recurrent tumors exhibited upregulation of an immune-escape related gene, CD274, in the top 10 hub gene analysis. Significantly higher infiltration of monocytes and lower M1 macrophages were found in recurrent HCC tumors. Our deep learning approach identified a 20-gene signature in recurrent HCC. Amongst the 20 genes, through multiple analysis, IL6 was found to be significantly associated with HCC recurrence. CONCLUSION Our deep learning approach identified PI3K/Akt signaling as potentially regulating cytokine-mediated functions and the expression of immune escape genes, leading to alterations in the pattern of immune cell infiltration. In conclusion, IL6 was identified to play an important role in HCC recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey To
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Soumita Ghosh
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xun Zhao
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elisa Pasini
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra Fischer
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gonzalo Sapisochin
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anand Ghanekar
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elmar Jaeckel
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mamatha Bhat
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Panayiotou T, Eftychiou M, Patera E, Promponas VJ, Strati K. A paradigm for post-embryonic Oct4 re-expression: E7-induced hydroxymethylation regulates Oct4 expression in cervical cancer. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29264. [PMID: 38054553 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The Octamer-binding transcription factor-4 (Oct4) is upregulated in different malignancies, yet a paradigm for mechanisms of Oct4 post-embryonic re-expression is inadequately understood. In cervical cancer, Oct4 expression is higher in human papillomavirus (HPV)-related than HPV-unrelated cervical cancers and this upregulation correlates with the expression of the E7 oncogene. We have reported that E7 affects the Oct4-transcriptional output and Oct4-related phenotypes in cervical cancer, however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we characterize the Oct4-protein interactions in cervical cancer cells via computational analyses and Mass Spectrometry and reveal that Methyl-binding proteins (MBD2 and MBD3), are determinants of Oct4-driven transcription. E7 triggers MBD2 downregulation and TET1 upregulation, thereby disrupting the methylation status of the Oct4 gene. This coincides with an increase in the total DNA hydroxymethylation leading to the re-expression of Oct4 in cervical cancer and likely affecting broader transcriptional patterns. Our findings reveal a previously unreported mechanism by which the E7 oncogene can regulate Oct4 re-expression and global transcriptional patterns by increasing DNA hydroxymethylation and lowering the barrier to cellular plasticity during carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marios Eftychiou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Leuven Statistics Research Centre (LStat), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eleutherios Patera
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Katerina Strati
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gu M, Jin Y, Gao X, Xia W, Xu T, Pan S. Novel insights into IL-37: an anti-inflammatory cytokine with emerging roles in anti-cancer process. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1278521. [PMID: 37928545 PMCID: PMC10623001 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1278521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is a newly discovered member of IL-1 family. The cytokine was proved to have extensive protective effects in infectious diseases, allergic diseases, metabolic diseases, autoimmune diseases and tumors since its discovery. IL-37 was mainly produced by immune and some non-immune cells in response to inflammatory stimulus. The IL-37 precursors can convert into the mature forms after caspase-1 cleavage and activation intracellularly, and then bind to Smad-3 and transfer to the nucleus to inhibit the production and functions of proinflammatory cytokines; extracellularly, IL-37 binds to cell surface receptors to form IL-37/IL-18Rα/IL-1R8 complex to exert immunosuppressive function via inhibiting/activating multiple signal pathways. In addition, IL-37 can attenuate the pro-inflammatory effect of IL-18 through directly or forming an IL-37/IL-18BP/IL-18Rβ complex. Therefore, IL-37 has the ability to suppress innate and acquired immunity of the host, and effectively control inflammatory stimulation, which was considered as a new hallmark of cancer. Specifically, it is concluded that IL-37 can inhibit the growth and migration of tumor cells, prohibit angiogenesis and mediate the immunoregulation in tumor microenvironment, so as to exert effective anti-tumor effects. Importantly, latest studies also showed that IL-37 may be a novel therapeutic target for cancer monitoring. In this review, we summarize the immunoregulation roles and mechanisms of IL-37 in anti-tumor process, and discuss its progress so far and potential as tumor immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuexinzi Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xun Gao
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenying Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyang Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jiang B, Zhou Y, Liu Y, He S, Liao B, Peng T, Yao L, Qi L. Research Progress on the Role and Mechanism of IL-37 in Liver Diseases. Semin Liver Dis 2023; 43:336-350. [PMID: 37582401 PMCID: PMC10620037 DOI: 10.1055/a-2153-8836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are important components of the immune system that can predict or influence the development of liver diseases. IL-37, a new member of the IL-1 cytokine family, exerts potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects inside and outside cells. IL-37 expression differs before and after liver lesions, suggesting that it is associated with liver disease; however, its mechanism of action remains unclear. This article mainly reviews the biological characteristics of IL-37, which inhibits hepatitis, liver injury, and liver fibrosis by inhibiting inflammation, and inhibits the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by regulating the immune microenvironment. Based on additional evidence, combining IL-37 with liver disease markers for diagnosis and treatment can achieve more significant effects, suggesting that IL-37 can be developed into a powerful tool for the clinical adjuvant treatment of liver diseases, especially HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoyi Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Yulin Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shunde New Rongqi Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Yanting Liu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Siqi He
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Baojian Liao
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Tieli Peng
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Leyi Yao
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Ling Qi
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xie C, Liang C, Wang R, Yi K, Zhou X, Li X, Chen Y, Miao D, Zhong C, Zhu J. Resveratrol suppresses lung cancer by targeting cancer stem-like cells and regulating tumor microenvironment. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 112:109211. [PMID: 36370924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicate that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the key driver of tumor initiation and recurrence. The cellular and soluble components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) impact on cancer initiation and progression, such as cytokines and chemokines. Thus, targeting CSCs and TME is a novel anti-cancer approach. Resveratrol (RES), a bioactive phytochemical extracted from various plants, exhibits tumor-suppressing activities in lung cancer, yet the mechanism remains poorly understood. Our data showed that the expression level of IL-6 was positively correlated with the presence of lung cancer stem-like cells (LCSCs) in human lung cancer tissues. In vitro results showed that IL-6 was highly elevated in lung cancer sphere-forming cells and could enhance the stemness of LCSCs, including tumor sphere formation ability, the percentage of CD133 positive cells, and the expression of LCSC specific markers (CD133, ALDH1A1 and Nanog). Simultaneously, our results confirmed that RES effectively inhibited LCSC properties, downregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and reduced IL-6 level in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found RES treatment attenuated the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by LiCl (GSK3β agonist). IL-6-promoted LCSC properties and Wnt/β-catenin signaling was also reversed by RES. Taken together, these data illustrated that RES inhibited lung cancer by targeting LCSCs and IL-6 in TME. The novel findings from this study provided evidence that RES exhibited multi-target effects on suppression of lung cancer and could be a novel potent cancer-preventive compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunhua Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kefan Yi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Cancer Research Division, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianyun Zhu
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Peng SW, Ngo MHT, Kuo YC, Teng MH, Guo CL, Lai HC, Chang TS, Huang YH. Niclosamide Revitalizes Sorafenib through Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF-1R)/Stemness and Metabolic Changes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030931. [PMID: 36765890 PMCID: PMC9913083 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib is the first approved systemic targeting agent for advanced HCC; however, when used alone, drug resistance can result in considerably reduced efficacy. Here, we demonstrate that niclosamide, an antihelminthic agent approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, can be repurposed to increase sorafenib sensitivity in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. We generated sorafenib-resistant HCC cell lines (HepG2215_R and Hep3B_R) with elevated IGF-1R levels and strong properties in terms of stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Niclosamide was found to increase sorafenib sensitivity effectively in both cell lines and their organoids. The underlying mechanism involves the modulation of cancer stemness, IGF-1R/p-IGF1R/OCT4, and metabolic changes. The combination of sorafenib and niclosamide, but not linsitinib, effectively suppressed the IGF-1R/OCT4 expressions, yielded a synergistic combination index (CI), and attenuated stemness-related properties such as secondary tumor sphere formation and cell migration in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Notably, niclosamide significantly suppressed the sorafenib-induced IGF-1R phosphorylation prompted by IGF-1 treatment. Niclosamide effectively downregulated the sorafenib-induced gene expression associated with glycolysis (GLUT1, HK2, LDHA, and PEPCK), stemness (OCT4), and drug resistance (ABCG2) and enhanced the ability of sorafenib to reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential in vitro. The synergistic effect of a combination of niclosamide and sorafenib in vivo was further demonstrated by the decreased tumor size and tumor volume resulting from apoptosis regulation. Our results suggest that niclosamide can enhance sorafenib sensitivity in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells through IGF-1R/stemness regulation and metabolic changes. Our findings highlight a practical clinical strategy for enhancing sorafenib sensitivity in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syue-Wei Peng
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Mai-Huong T. Ngo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hao Teng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lin Guo
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Cheng Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33382, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-S.C.); (Y.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-5-3621000 (ext. 2242) (T.-S.C.); +886-2-27361661 (ext. 3150) (Y.-H.H.)
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-S.C.); (Y.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-5-3621000 (ext. 2242) (T.-S.C.); +886-2-27361661 (ext. 3150) (Y.-H.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li J, Xiao Y, Yu H, Jin X, Fan S, Liu W. Mutual connected IL-6, EGFR and LIN28/Let7-related mechanisms modulate PD-L1 and IGF upregulation in HNSCC using immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1140133. [PMID: 37124491 PMCID: PMC10130400 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1140133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of techniques and immunotherapies are widely applied in cancer treatment such as checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, and cancer vaccines apart from radiation therapy, surgery, and chemotherapy give enduring anti-tumor effects. Minority people utilize single-agent immunotherapy, and most people adopt multiple-agent immunotherapy. The difficulties are resolved by including the biomarkers to choose the non-responders' and responders' potentials. The possibility of the potential complications and side effects are examined to improve cancer therapy effects. The Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is analyzed with the help of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and Insulin-like growth factor (IGF). But how IGF and PD-L1 upregulation depends on IL-6, EGFR, and LIN28/Let7-related mechanisms are poorly understood. Briefly, IL-6 stimulates gene expressions of IGF-1/2, and IL-6 cross-activates IGF-1R signaling, NF-κB, and STAT3. NF-κB, up-regulating PD-L1 expressions. IL-6/JAK1 primes PD-L1 for STT3-mediated PD-L1 glycosylation, stabilizes PD-L1 and trafficks it to the cell surface. Moreover, ΔNp63 is predominantly overexpressed over TAp63 in HNSCC, elevates circulating IGF-1 levels by repressing IGFBP3, and activates insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1).TP63 and SOX2 form a complex with CCAT1 to promote EGFR expression. EGFR activation through EGF binding extends STAT3 activation, and EGFR and its downstream signaling prolong PD-L1 mRNA half-life. PLC-γ1 binding to a cytoplasmic motif of elevated PD-L1 improves EGF-induced activation of inositol 1,4,5-tri-phosphate (IP3), and diacylglycerol (DAG) subsequently elevates RAC1-GTP. RAC1-GTP was convincingly demonstrated to induce the autocrine production and action of IL-6/IL-6R, forming a feedback loop for IGF and PD-L1 upregulation. Furthermore, the LIN28-Let7 axis mediates the NF-κB-IL-6-STAT3 amplification loop, activated LIN28-Let7 axis up-regulates RAS, AKT, IL-6, IGF-1/2, IGF-1R, Myc, and PD-L1, plays pivotal roles in IGF-1R activation and Myc, NF-κB, STAT3 concomitant activation. Therefore, based on a detailed mechanisms review, our article firstly reveals that IL-6, EGFR, and LIN28/Let7-related mechanisms mediate PD-L1 and IGF upregulation in HNSCC, which comprehensively influences immunity, inflammation, metabolism, and metastasis in the tumor microenvironment, and might be fundamental for overcoming therapy resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yazhou Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huayue Yu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Jin
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
AHNAK Contributes to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth by Interacting with IGF-1R. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248680. [PMID: 36557813 PMCID: PMC9782793 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblast differentiation-associated protein AHNAK, a large structural scaffold protein, remains mysterious in biological processes. AHNAK plays a suppressive or progressive role in different types of cancers. To investigate the role of the AHNAK in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cell viability assays were performed to determine the cell proliferation of the stable AHNAK-knockdown HepG2 cell line; co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were performed on HCC and matched paracancerous (MPC) tissues. The Metascape platform was used for enrichment analyses; the "ComplexHeatmap" package was applied for cluster analyses and visualization. Co-IP, Western botting and immunofluorescence double staining were performed to assess the interactions between AHNAK and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R). AHNAK silencing reduced the viability of HepG2 cells; the interactome in HCC and MPC tissues enriched 204 pathways and processes, which partially reflected the signature of HCC field cancerization. AHNAK could co-localize and interact with IGF-1R. These results suggested that the AHNAK complex contributes to HCC growth, potentially by interacting with IGF-1R.
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Y, Park D, Cafiero TR, Bram Y, Chandar V, Tseng A, Gertje HP, Crossland NA, Su L, Schwartz RE, Ploss A. Molecular clones of genetically distinct hepatitis B virus genotypes reveal distinct host and drug treatment responses. JHEP Rep 2022; 4:100535. [PMID: 36035359 PMCID: PMC9403497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims HBV exhibits wide genetic diversity with at least 9 genotypes (GTs), which differ in terms of prevalence, geographic distribution, natural history, disease progression, and treatment outcome. However, differences in HBV replicative capacity, gene expression, and infective capability across different GTs remain incompletely understood. Herein, we aimed to study these crucial aspects using newly constructed infectious clones covering the major HBV GTs. Methods The replicative capacity of infectious clones covering HBV GTs A-E was analyzed in cell lines, primary hepatocytes and humanized mice. Host responses and histopathology induced by the different HBV GTs were characterized in hydrodynamically injected mice. Differences in treatment responses to entecavir and various HBV capsid inhibitors were also quantified across the different genetically defined GTs. Results Patient-derived HBV infectious clones replicated robustly both in vitro and in vivo. GTs A and D induce more pronounced intrahepatic and proinflammatory cytokine responses which correlated with faster viral clearance. Notably, all 5 HBV clones robustly produced viral particles following transfection into HepG2 cells, and these particles were infectious in HepG2-NTCP cells, primary human hepatocytes and human chimeric mice. Notably, GT D virus exhibited higher infectivity than GTs A, B, C and E in vitro, although it was comparable to GT A and B in the human liver chimeric mice in vivo. HBV capsid inhibitors were more readily capable of suppressing HBV GTs A, B, D and E than C. Conclusions The infectious clones described here have broad utility as genetic tools that can mechanistically dissect intergenotypic differences in antiviral immunity and pathogenesis and aid in HBV drug development and screening. Lay summary The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major contributor to human morbidity and mortality. HBV can be categorized into a number of genotypes, based on their specific genetic make-up, of which 9 are well known. We isolated and cloned the genomes of 5 of these genotypes and used them to create valuable tools for future research on this clinically important virus.
Collapse
Key Words
- AAV, adeno-associated virus
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- BCP, basic core promoter
- CHB, chronic hepatitis B
- CpAM, core protein allosteric modulators
- DR, direct repeat
- ETV, entecavir
- En, enhancer
- GT(s), genotype(s)
- HBV, hepatitis B virus
- HBVcc, cell culture-derived HBV
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HDI, hydrodynamic injection
- IFN, interferon
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IL, interleukin
- MOI, multiplicity of infection
- NA, nucleos(t)ide analogue
- NRG, NODRag1−/−IL2RγNULL
- PHH, primiary human hepatocyte
- SVR, sustained virologic response
- cccDNA, covalently closed circular DNA
- dpi, days post infection
- drug development
- genotypes
- hepatitis B
- hepatitis B virus
- host responses
- pgRNA, pre-genomic RNA
- reverse genetics
- viral hepatitis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhen Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Debby Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Thomas R. Cafiero
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Yaron Bram
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vasuretha Chandar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Tseng
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hans P. Gertje
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Crossland
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lishan Su
- Division of Virology, Pathogenesis and Cancer, Institute of Human Virology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert E. Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Ploss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
IGF-1 contributes to liver cancer development in diabetes patients by promoting autophagy. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27:100697. [PMID: 35297369 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the occurrence and mortality of liver cancer. Insulin growth factor (IGF) plays a crucial role in the development of diabetes and liver cancer, and specifically, IGF-1 may be involved in the development of liver cancer with preexisting T2DM. Autophagy contributes to cancer cell survival and apoptosis. However, the relationship between IGF-1 and autophagy has rarely been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether IGF-1 promotes the development of liver cancer in T2DM patients by promoting autophagy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-three hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with T2DM and 33 age-matched patients with HCC without T2DM were included in this study. We analyzed the expression of IGF-1 and autophagy-related LC3 and p62 mRNA and the prognosis of two groups. In vitro, we stimulated HepG2 cells with IGF-1 and then detected changes in autophagy and cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration in the presence/absence of wortmannin, an autophagy inhibitor. RESULTS IGF-1 promoted autophagy, resulting in inhibition of apoptosis and induction of growth and migration of HepG2 cells. Inhibition of autophagy by wortmannin impaired IGF-1 function. Higher expression of IGF-1 was detected in HCC patients with T2DM. IGF-1 expression was higher in liver cancer tissue compared to paracancerous tissue. Elevated IGF-1 was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with HCC. CONCLUSIONS IGF-1 participates in the development of liver cancer by inducing autophagy. Elevated IGF-1 was a prognostic factor for patients with HCC, especially when accompanied by T2DM.
Collapse
|
13
|
IL-6 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Invasion by Releasing Exosomal miR-133a-3p. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2022; 2022:4589163. [PMID: 35432524 PMCID: PMC9007680 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4589163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), an important inflammatory cytokine, is a key factor regulating cancer metastasis. Cancer cells can modulate their tumorigenic abilities by sorting specific microRNAs (miRNAs) as exosomes into the tumor microenvironment. The relationship between IL-6 and exosomal miRNAs related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis remains to be elucidated. We examined the metastatic ability of HCC cells after IL-6 treatment and found that miR-133a-3p was sorted into exosomes after IL-6 stimulation and was subsequently released into the tumor microenvironment. In vitro analysis confirmed that exosomal miR-133a-3p acted as a tumor suppressor in HCC. Bioinformatic analysis revealed several signaling pathways and hub genes (CREB1, VCP, CALM1, and YES1) regulated by miR-133a-3p. Survival curves further verified the important roles of hub genes in the prognosis of patients with HCC. It is envisaged that the IL-6/miR-133a-3p axis may be related to the activation of CREB1, VCP, CALM1, and YES1. Our findings provide new insights into the role of exosomal miRNA-mediated tumor progression under inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
|
14
|
Li W, Duan X, Zhu C, Liu X, Jeyarajan AJ, Xu M, Tu Z, Sheng Q, Chen D, Zhu C, Shao T, Cheng Z, Salloum S, Schaefer EA, Kruger AJ, Holmes JA, Chung RT, Lin W. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus Infection Promote Liver Fibrogenesis through a TGF-β1-Induced OCT4/Nanog Pathway. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:672-684. [PMID: 35022275 PMCID: PMC8770612 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection accelerates liver fibrosis progression compared with HBV or HCV monoinfection. Octamer binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) and Nanog are direct targets of the profibrogenic TGF-β1 signaling cascade. We leveraged a coculture model to monitor the effects of HBV and HCV coinfection on fibrogenesis in both sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide-transfected Huh7.5.1 hepatoma cells and LX2 hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). We used CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out OCT4 and Nanog to evaluate their effects on HBV-, HCV-, or TGF-β1-induced liver fibrogenesis. HBV/HCV coinfection and HBx, HBV preS2, HCV Core, and HCV NS2/3 overexpression increased TGF-β1 mRNA levels in sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide-Huh7.5.1 cells compared with controls. HBV/HCV coinfection further enhanced profibrogenic gene expression relative to HBV or HCV monoinfection. Coculture of HBV and HCV monoinfected or HBV/HCV coinfected hepatocytes with LX2 cells significantly increased profibrotic gene expression and LX2 cell invasion and migration. OCT4 and Nanog guide RNA independently suppressed HBV-, HCV-, HBV/HCV-, and TGF-β1-induced α-SMA, TIMP-1, and Col1A1 expression and reduced Huh7.5.1, LX2, primary hepatocyte, and primary human HSC migratory capacity. OCT4/Nanog protein expression also correlated positively with fibrosis stage in liver biopsies from patients with chronic HBV or HCV infection. In conclusion, HBV and HCV independently and cooperatively promote liver fibrogenesis through a TGF-β1-induced OCT4/Nanog-dependent pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Li
- Department of Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China,Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China,Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Xiaoqiong Duan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu 610052, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chuanlong Zhu
- Department of Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China,Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Department of Infectious Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Southwest University, College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Andre J. Jeyarajan
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Min Xu
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Zeng Tu
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qiuju Sheng
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Department of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Chuanwu Zhu
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tuo Shao
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Zhimeng Cheng
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Shadi Salloum
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Esperance A. Schaefer
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Annie J. Kruger
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Department of Gastroenterology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007 USA
| | - Jacinta A. Holmes
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Raymond T. Chung
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Corresponding authors (Wenyu Lin and Raymond T. Chung), Correspondence address: Gastrointestinal Unit, Warren 1007, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Tel.: +1 617 726 2061; 617 724 7562; fax: +1 617 643 0446. (W. Lin),
| | - Wenyu Lin
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Corresponding authors (Wenyu Lin and Raymond T. Chung), Correspondence address: Gastrointestinal Unit, Warren 1007, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Tel.: +1 617 726 2061; 617 724 7562; fax: +1 617 643 0446. (W. Lin),
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qian M, Cao S, Wang T, Xu X, Zhang Q. Apoptosis triggered by cytolethal distending toxin B subunit of Helicobacter hepaticus is aggravated by autophagy inhibition in mouse hepatocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 598:40-46. [PMID: 35151202 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocytes injury caused by cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) are major events during helicobacter hepaticus (H.hepaticus) infection. Recent study showed that pre-survival autophagy was promoted against CdtB subunit induced DNA damage. In the present study, we demonstrated that inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-α, IFN-γ expression and STAT phosphorylation were promoted by CdtB. Besides, CdtB decreased cell viability while promote apoptosis in mouse liver (AML12) cells. Especially, apoptotic protein caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP were activated while the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was decreased after CdtB treatment. Moreover, apoptosis induced by CdtB was inhibited due to Erk/p38 MAPK signaling pathway suppression performed with SB203580 or U0126. Meanwhile, we found that CdtB increased autophagic marker levels accompanied by Akt/mTOR/P70S6K signaling pathway in a dose dependent manner. To assess the correlation between autophagy and apoptosis induced by H.hepaticus, chloroquine (CQ, 50 μM) was employed to inhibit autophagy. The result showed that inhibition of autophagy with CQ treatment promoted apoptosis induced by CdtB. Altogether, all these results suggest that CdtB triggers apoptosis via MAPK/Erk/p38 signaling pathway in caspase dependent manner, which was prevented by autophagy in AML12 cells. Collectively, our findings provide new insights into the virulence potential of CdtB on the molecular pathogenesis throughout H.hepaticus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Qian
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shuyang Cao
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiangming Xu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Taizhou University, Taizhou, China.
| | - Quan Zhang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhong S, Zhang T, Tang L, Li Y. Cytokines and Chemokines in HBV Infection. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:805625. [PMID: 34926586 PMCID: PMC8674621 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.805625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a leading cause of hepatic inflammation and damage. The pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is predominantly mediated by persistent intrahepatic immunopathology. With the characterization of unique anatomical and immunological structure, the liver is also deemed an immunological organ, which gives rise to massive cytokines and chemokines under pathogenesis conditions, having significant implications for the progression of HBV infection. The intrahepatic innate immune system is responsible for the formidable source of cytokines and chemokines, with the latter also derived from hepatic parenchymal cells. In addition, systemic cytokines and chemokines are disturbed along with the disease course. Since HBV is a stealth virus, persistent exposure to HBV-related antigens confers to immune exhaustion, whereby regulatory cells are recruited by intrahepatic chemokines and cytokines, including interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor β, are involved in such series of causal events. Although the considerable value of two types of available approved treatment, interferons and nucleos(t)ide analogues, effectively suppress HBV replication, neither of them is sufficient for optimal restoration of the immunological attrition state to win the battle of the functional or virological cure of CHB infection. Notably, cytokines and chemokines play a crucial role in regulating the immune response. They exert effects by directly acting on HBV or indirectly manipulating target immune cells. As such, specific cytokines and chemokines, with a potential possibility to serve as novel immunological interventions, combined with those that target the virus itself, seem to be promising prospects in curative CHB infection. Here, we systematically review the recent literature that elucidates cytokine and chemokine-mediated pathogenesis and immune exhaustion of HBV infection and their dynamics triggered by current mainstream anti-HBV therapy. The predictive value of disease progression or control and the immunotherapies target of specific major cytokines and chemokines in CHB infection will also be delineated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libo Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ngo MHT, Peng SW, Kuo YC, Lin CY, Wu MH, Chuang CH, Kao CX, Jeng HY, Lin GW, Ling TY, Chang TS, Huang YH. A Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF-1R) Signaling Loop Is Involved in Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3812. [PMID: 34359714 PMCID: PMC8345119 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of a YAP-IGF-1R signaling loop in HCC resistance to sorafenib remains unknown. METHOD Sorafenib-resistant cells were generated by treating naïve cells (HepG2215 and Hep3B) with sorafenib. Different cancer cell lines from databases were analyzed through the ONCOMINE web server. BIOSTORM-LIHC patient tissues (46 nonresponders and 21 responders to sorafenib) were used to compare YAP mRNA levels. The HepG2215_R-derived xenograft in SCID mice was used as an in vivo model. HCC tissues from a patient with sorafenib failure were used to examine differences in YAP and IGF-R signaling. RESULTS Positive associations exist among the levels of YAP, IGF-1R, and EMT markers in HCC tissues and the levels of these proteins increased with sorafenib failure, with a trend of tumor-margin distribution in vivo. Blocking YAP downregulated IGF-1R signaling-related proteins, while IGF-1/2 treatment enhanced the nuclear translocation of YAP in HCC cells through PI3K-mTOR regulation. The combination of YAP-specific inhibitor verteporfin (VP) and sorafenib effectively decreased cell viability in a synergistic manner, evidenced by the combination index (CI). CONCLUSION A YAP-IGF-1R signaling loop may play a role in HCC sorafenib resistance and could provide novel potential targets for combination therapy with sorafenib to overcome drug resistance in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai-Huong T. Ngo
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (C.-X.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.P.); (G.-W.L.)
| | - Sue-Wei Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.P.); (G.-W.L.)
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (H.-Y.J.)
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (H.-Y.J.)
| | - Chun-Yen Lin
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Ming-Heng Wu
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program for Translational Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsien Chuang
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Cheng-Xiang Kao
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (C.-X.K.)
| | - Han-Yin Jeng
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (H.-Y.J.)
| | - Gee-Way Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.P.); (G.-W.L.)
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33382, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (C.-X.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.P.); (G.-W.L.)
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (H.-Y.J.)
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- International Ph.D. Program for Translational Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yoon C, Lu J, Ryeom SW, Simon MC, Yoon SS. PIK3R3, part of the regulatory domain of PI3K, is upregulated in sarcoma stem-like cells and promotes invasion, migration, and chemotherapy resistance. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:749. [PMID: 34321458 PMCID: PMC8319167 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To identify drivers of sarcoma cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), we compared gene expression using RNA sequencing between HT1080 fibrosarcoma and SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma spheroids (which are enriched for CSCs) compared with the parent populations. The most overexpressed survival signaling-related gene in spheroids was phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 (PIK3R3), a regulatory subunit of PI3K, which functions in tumorigenesis and metastasis. In a human sarcoma microarray, PIK3R3 was also overexpressed by 4.1-fold compared with normal tissues. PIK3R3 inhibition using shRNA in the HT1080, SK-LMS-1, and DDLS8817 dedifferentiated liposarcoma in spheroids and in CD133+ cells (a CSC marker) reduced expression of CD133 and the stem cell factor Nanog and blocked spheroid formation by 61-71%. Mechanistic studies showed that in spheroid cells, PIK3R3 activated AKT and ERK signaling. Inhibition of PIK3R3, AKT, or ERK using shRNA or inhibitors decreased expression of Nanog, spheroid formation by 68-73%, and anchorage-independent growth by 76-91%. PIK3R3 or ERK1/2 inhibition similarly blocked sarcoma spheroid cell migration, invasion, secretion of MMP-2, xenograft invasion into adjacent normal tissue, and chemotherapy resistance. Together, these results show that signaling through the PIK3R3/ERK/Nanog axis promotes sarcoma CSC phenotypes such as migration, invasion, and chemotherapy resistance, and identify PIK3R3 as a potential therapeutic target in sarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changhwan Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Sandra W Ryeom
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Au HK, Peng SW, Guo CL, Lin CC, Wang YL, Kuo YC, Law TY, Ho HN, Ling TY, Huang YH. Niche Laminin and IGF-1 Additively Coordinate the Maintenance of Oct-4 Through CD49f/IGF-1R-Hif-2α Feedforward Loop in Mouse Germline Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:646644. [PMID: 34381769 PMCID: PMC8351907 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.646644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism on how extracellular matrix (ECM) cooperates with niche growth factors and oxygen tension to regulate the self-renewal of embryonic germline stem cells (GSCs) still remains unclear. Lacking of an appropriate in vitro cell model dramatically hinders the progress. Herein, using a serum-free culture system, we demonstrated that ECM laminin cooperated with hypoxia and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) to additively maintain AP activity and Oct-4 expression of AP+GSCs. We found the laminin receptor CD49f expression in d2 testicular GSCs that were surrounded by laminin. Laminin and hypoxia significantly increased the GSC stemness-related genes, including Hif-2α, Oct-4, IGF-1R, and CD49f. Cotreatment of IGF-1 and laminin additively increased the expression of IGF-IR, CD49f, Hif-2α, and Oct-4. Conversely, silencing IGF-1R and/or CD49f decreased the expression of Hif-2α and Oct-4. The underlying mechanism involved CD49f/IGF1R-(PI3K/AKT)-Hif-2α signaling loop, which in turn maintains Oct-4 expression, symmetric self-renewal, and cell migration. These findings reveal the additive niche laminin/IGF-IR network during early GSC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Kien Au
- Taipei Medical University (TMU) Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Syue-Wei Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lin Guo
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chia Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Taipei Medical University (TMU) Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsz-Yau Law
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Nerng Ho
- Taipei Medical University (TMU) Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Taipei Medical University (TMU) Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ngo MHT, Jeng HY, Kuo YC, Nanda JD, Brahmadhi A, Ling TY, Chang TS, Huang YH. The Role of IGF/IGF-1R Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinomas: Stemness-Related Properties and Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041931. [PMID: 33669204 PMCID: PMC7919800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)/IGF-1 Receptor (IGF-1R) signaling is known to regulate stem cell pluripotency and differentiation to trigger cell proliferation, organ development, and tissue regeneration during embryonic development. Unbalanced IGF/IGF-1R signaling can promote cancer cell proliferation and activate cancer reprogramming in tumor tissues, especially in the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, with a high incidence and mortality rate in Asia. Most patients with advanced HCC develop tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-refractoriness after receiving TKI treatment. Dysregulation of IGF/IGF-1R signaling in HCC may activate expression of cancer stemness that leads to TKI refractoriness and tumor recurrence. In this review, we summarize the evidence for dysregulated IGF/IGF-1R signaling especially in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated HCC. The regulation of cancer stemness expression and drug resistance will be highlighted. Current clinical treatments and potential therapies targeting IGF/IGF-1R signaling for the treatment of HCC will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai-Huong Thi Ngo
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (J.D.N.); (A.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yin Jeng
- Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.J.); (Y.-C.K.)
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.J.); (Y.-C.K.)
| | - Josephine Diony Nanda
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (J.D.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Ageng Brahmadhi
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (J.D.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-Y.L.); (T.-S.C.); (Y.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 8-8322) (T.-Y.L.); +886-5-3621-000 (ext. 2242) (T.-S.C.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3150) (Y.-H.H.)
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33382, Taiwan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-Y.L.); (T.-S.C.); (Y.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 8-8322) (T.-Y.L.); +886-5-3621-000 (ext. 2242) (T.-S.C.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3150) (Y.-H.H.)
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (J.D.N.); (A.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.J.); (Y.-C.K.)
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-Y.L.); (T.-S.C.); (Y.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 8-8322) (T.-Y.L.); +886-5-3621-000 (ext. 2242) (T.-S.C.); +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3150) (Y.-H.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dai X, Guo Y, Hu Y, Bao X, Zhu X, Fu Q, Zhang H, Tong Z, Liu L, Zheng Y, Zhao P, Fang W. Immunotherapy for targeting cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Theranostics 2021; 11:3489-3501. [PMID: 33537099 PMCID: PMC7847682 DOI: 10.7150/thno.54648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid development and remarkable success of checkpoint inhibitors have provided significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, only 15-20% of HCC patients can benefit from checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for recurrence, metastasis, and local and systemic therapy resistance in HCC. Accumulating evidence has suggested that HCC CSCs can create an immunosuppressive microenvironment through certain intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms, resulting in immune evasion. Intrinsic evasion mechanisms mainly include activation of immune-related CSC signaling pathways, low-level expression of antigen presenting molecules, and high-level expression of immunosuppressive molecules. External evasion mechanisms are mainly related to HBV/HCV infection, alcoholic/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hypoxia stimulation, abnormal angiogenesis, and crosstalk between CSCs and immune cells. A better understanding of the complex mechanisms of CSCs involved in immune evasion will contribute to therapies for HCC. Here we will outline the detailed mechanisms of immune evasion for CSCs, and provide an overview of the current immunotherapies targeting CSCs in HCC.
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen PC, Kuo YC, Chuong CM, Huang YH. Niche Modulation of IGF-1R Signaling: Its Role in Stem Cell Pluripotency, Cancer Reprogramming, and Therapeutic Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:625943. [PMID: 33511137 PMCID: PMC7835526 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.625943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells work with their niches harmoniously during development. This concept has been extended to cancer pathology for cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer reprogramming. IGF-1R, a classical survival signaling, has been shown to regulate stem cell pluripotency, CSCs, or cancer reprogramming. The mechanism underlying such cell fate determination is unclear. We propose the determination is due to different niches in embryo development and tumor malignancy which modulate the consequences of IGF-1R signaling. Here we highlight the modulations of these niche parameters (hypoxia, inflammation, extracellular matrix), and the targeted stem cells (embryonic stem cells, germline stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells) and CSCs, with relevance to cancer reprogramming. We organize known interaction between IGF-1R signaling and distinct niches in the double-sided cell fate with emerging trends highlighted. Based on these new insights, we propose that, through targeting IGF-1R signaling modulation, stem cell therapy and cancer stemness treatment can be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chin Chen
- Department of Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ming Chuong
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang KW, Wang D, Cai H, Cao MQ, Zhang YY, Zhuang PY, Shen J. IL‑6 plays a crucial role in epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and pro‑metastasis induced by sorafenib in liver cancer. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:1105-1117. [PMID: 33432366 PMCID: PMC7859995 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved in various biological responses, including tumor progression, metastasis and chemoresistance. However, the role and molecular mechanism of IL-6 in the treatment of sorafenib in liver cancer remain unclear. In the present study, through western blot analysis, Transwell assay, flow cytometric assay, ELISA analysis and immunohistochemistry it was revealed that sorafenib promoted metastasis and induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and significantly increased IL-6 expression. Endogenous or exogenous IL-6 affected metastasis and EMT progression in liver cancer cells through Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. Knocked out IL-6 markedly attenuated the pro-metastasis effect of sorafenib and increased the susceptibility of liver cancer cells to it. In conclusion, the present results indicated that IL-6/STAT3 signaling may be a novel therapeutic strategy for liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Hao Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Man-Qing Cao
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Yuan Zhuang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
He D, Zhang X, Tu J. Diagnostic significance and carcinogenic mechanism of pan-cancer gene POU5F1 in liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2020; 9:8782-8800. [PMID: 32978904 PMCID: PMC7724499 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic and clinicopathological significance of POU Class 5 Homeobox 1 (POU5F1) among various cancers are disputable heretofore. The diagnostic value and functional mechanism of POU5F1 in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) have not been studied thoroughly. METHODS An integrative strategy of meta-analysis, bioinformatics, and wet-lab approach was used to explore the diagnostic and prognostic significance of POU5F1 in various types of tumors, especially in LIHC. Meta-analysis was utilized to investigate the impact of POU5F1 on prognosis and clinicopathological parameters in various cancers. The expression level and diagnostic value of POU5F1 were assessed by qPCR in plasma collected from LIHC patients and controls. The correlation between POU5F1 and tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in LIHC was evaluated by CIBERSORT. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed based on TCGA. Hub genes and related pathways were identified on the basis of co-expression genes of POU5F1. RESULTS Elevated POU5F1 was associated with poor OS, DFS, RFS, and DSS in various cancers. POU5F1 was confirmed as an independent risk factor for LIHC and correlated with tumor occurrence, stage, and invasion depth. The combination of POU5F1 and AFP in plasma was with high diagnostic validity (AUC = 0.902, p < .001). Specifically, the level of POU5F1 was correlated with infiltrating levels of B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes in LIHC. GSEA indicated that POU5F1 participated in multiple cancer-related pathways and cell proliferation pathways. Moreover, CBX3, CCHCR1, and NFYC were filtered as the central hub genes of POU5F1. CONCLUSION Our study identified POU5F1 as a pan-cancer gene that could not only be a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in various cancers, especially in LIHC, but functionally carcinogenic in LIHC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dingdong He
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical LabZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical LabZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jiancheng Tu
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical LabZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Francescangeli F, De Angelis ML, Baiocchi M, Rossi R, Biffoni M, Zeuner A. COVID-19-Induced Modifications in the Tumor Microenvironment: Do They Affect Cancer Reawakening and Metastatic Relapse? Front Oncol 2020; 10:592891. [PMID: 33194755 PMCID: PMC7649335 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.592891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes an uncontrolled activation of the innate immune response, resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome and systemic inflammation. The effects of COVID-19-induced inflammation on cancer cells and their microenvironment are yet to be elucidated. Here, we formulate the hypothesis that COVID-19-associated inflammation may generate a microenvironment favorable to tumor cell proliferation and particularly to the reawakening of dormant cancer cells (DCCs). DCCs often survive treatment of primary tumors and populate premetastatic niches in the lungs and other organs, retaining the potential for metastatic outgrowth. DCCs reawakening may be promoted by several events associated to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, including activation of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, lymphopenia and an uncontrolled production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Among pro-inflammatory factors produced during COVID-19, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) released by activated neutrophils have been specifically shown to activate premetastatic cancer cells disseminated in the lungs, suggesting they may be involved in DCCs reawakening in COVID-19 patients. If confirmed by further studies, the links between COVID-19, DCCs reactivation and tumor relapse may support the use of specific anti-inflammatory and anti-metastatic therapies in patients with COVID-19 and an active or previous cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ann Zeuner
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Alemohammad H, Asadzadeh Z, Motafakker Azad R, Hemmat N, Najafzadeh B, Vasefifar P, Najafi S, Baradaran B. Signaling pathways and microRNAs, the orchestrators of NANOG activity during cancer induction. Life Sci 2020; 260:118337. [PMID: 32841661 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small part of cancer cells inside the tumor that have similar characteristics to normal stem cells. CSCs stimulate tumor initiation and progression in a variety of cancers. Several transcription factors such as NANOG, SOX2, and OCT4 maintain the characteristics of CSCs and their upregulation is seen in many malignancies resulting in increased metastasis, invasion, and recurrence. Among these factors, NANOG plays an important role in regulating the self-renewal and pluripotency of CSCs and the clinical significance of NANOG has been suggested as a marker of CSCs in many cancers. The up and down-regulation of NANOG is associated with several important signaling pathways, including JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, TGF-β, Hedgehog, and several microRNAs (miRNAs). In this review, we will investigate the function of NANOG in CSCs and the molecular mechanism of its regulation by signaling pathways and miRNAs. We will also investigate targeting NANOG with different techniques, which is a promising treatment strategy for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Alemohammad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Nima Hemmat
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Basira Najafzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Vasefifar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Walcher L, Kistenmacher AK, Suo H, Kitte R, Dluczek S, Strauß A, Blaudszun AR, Yevsa T, Fricke S, Kossatz-Boehlert U. Cancer Stem Cells-Origins and Biomarkers: Perspectives for Targeted Personalized Therapies. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1280. [PMID: 32849491 PMCID: PMC7426526 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of biomarkers in diagnosis, therapy and prognosis has gained increasing interest over the last decades. In particular, the analysis of biomarkers in cancer patients within the pre- and post-therapeutic period is required to identify several types of cells, which carry a risk for a disease progression and subsequent post-therapeutic relapse. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of tumor cells that can drive tumor initiation and can cause relapses. At the time point of tumor initiation, CSCs originate from either differentiated cells or adult tissue resident stem cells. Due to their importance, several biomarkers that characterize CSCs have been identified and correlated to diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. However, CSCs have been shown to display a high plasticity, which changes their phenotypic and functional appearance. Such changes are induced by chemo- and radiotherapeutics as well as senescent tumor cells, which cause alterations in the tumor microenvironment. Induction of senescence causes tumor shrinkage by modulating an anti-tumorigenic environment in which tumor cells undergo growth arrest and immune cells are attracted. Besides these positive effects after therapy, senescence can also have negative effects displayed post-therapeutically. These unfavorable effects can directly promote cancer stemness by increasing CSC plasticity phenotypes, by activating stemness pathways in non-CSCs, as well as by promoting senescence escape and subsequent activation of stemness pathways. At the end, all these effects can lead to tumor relapse and metastasis. This review provides an overview of the most frequently used CSC markers and their implementation as biomarkers by focussing on deadliest solid (lung, stomach, liver, breast and colorectal cancers) and hematological (acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia) cancers. Furthermore, it gives examples on how the CSC markers might be influenced by therapeutics, such as chemo- and radiotherapy, and the tumor microenvironment. It points out, that it is crucial to identify and monitor residual CSCs, senescent tumor cells, and the pro-tumorigenic senescence-associated secretory phenotype in a therapy follow-up using specific biomarkers. As a future perspective, a targeted immune-mediated strategy using chimeric antigen receptor based approaches for the removal of remaining chemotherapy-resistant cells as well as CSCs in a personalized therapeutic approach are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lia Walcher
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Kistenmacher
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Huizhen Suo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reni Kitte
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah Dluczek
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Strauß
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - André-René Blaudszun
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tetyana Yevsa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Fricke
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Kossatz-Boehlert
- Department of Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shi C, Yang J, Hu L, Liao B, Qiao L, Shen W, Xie F, Zhu G. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid induces stemness and chemoresistance via the STAT3 signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:15546-15555. [PMID: 32756004 PMCID: PMC7467378 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is primarily attributed to its high frequency of recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the acquisition of cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the fundamental drivers of chemoresistance in HCC. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC), a component of bile acid (BA), has been reported to induce necrosis in primary human hepatocytes. In the present work, we investigated the function of GCDC in HCC chemoresistance. We found that GCDC promoted chemoresistance in HCC cells by down-regulating and up-regulating the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, respectively. Furthermore, GCDC induced the EMT phenotype and stemness in HCC cells and activated the STAT3 signaling pathway. These findings reveal that GCDC promotes chemoresistance in HCC by inducing stemness via the STAT3 pathway and could be a potential target in HCC chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changying Shi
- Department of Hepatology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamei Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longmiao Hu
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boyi Liao
- Department of Hepatology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Department of Hepatology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Shen
- Department of Hepatology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Department of Biliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hu R, Han Q, Zhang J. STAT3: A key signaling molecule for converting cold to hot tumors. Cancer Lett 2020; 489:29-40. [PMID: 32522692 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tumors can be classified as cold or hot according to the degree of immune cell infiltration into tumor tissues; cold tumors are insensitive to either chemotherapy or immunotherapy and are associated with poor prognosis. Recent studies have shown that STAT3 signaling molecules hinder the conversion of cold to hot tumors by regulating immunosuppressive molecule secretion and immunosuppressive cell functions. This review aims to present the most recent studies on how STAT3 regulates cold tumor formation and discuss its research status in cancer therapy. We also present insight for designing new therapeutic strategies to "heat" tumors and provide a reference for tumor immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qiuju Han
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jia X, Mo Z, Zhao Q, Bao T, Xu W, Gao Z, Peng L, Zhu X. Transcriptome alterations in HepG2 cells induced by shRNA knockdown and overexpression of TMEM2 gene. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1576-1584. [PMID: 32326855 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1756733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane 2 (TMEM2) gene inhibits chronic hepatitis-B virus (HBV) infection, while the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Transcriptome alterations in HepG2 cells following TMEM2 overexpression or silencing by shRNA were analyzed by next-generation sequencing. Both overexpression and knockdown of the TMEM2 gene caused wide-spread changes in gene expression in HepG2 cells. Differentially expressed genes caused by altered TMEM2 gene expression were associated with multiple biological processes linked with viral infection and various signaling pathways. KEGG analysis revealed that many of the differentially expressed genes were enriched in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, we show that genes related to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, such as SYK, FLT4, AKT3, FLT1, and IL6, are biological targets regulated by TMEM2 in HepG2 cells. This is the first transcriptome-wide study in which TMEM2-regulated genes in HepG2 cells have been screened. Our findings elucidate the molecular events associated with TMEM2-mediated hepatocyte pathogenesis in chronic HBV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhishuo Mo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiyi Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tiancheng Bao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wexiong Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhiliang Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Human papillomavirus E7 binds Oct4 and regulates its activity in HPV-associated cervical cancers. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008468. [PMID: 32298395 PMCID: PMC7228134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Octamer binding transcription factor-4 (Oct4), is highly expressed in stem cells and has indispensable roles in pluripotency and cellular reprogramming. In contrast to other factors used for cellular reprogramming, a role for Oct4 outside embryonic stem cells has been elusive and highly controversial. Emerging evidence implicates Oct4 in the carcinogenic process, but the mechanism through which Oct4 may be functioning in cancers is not fully appreciated. Here, we provide evidence that Oct4 is expressed in human cervical cancer and this expression correlates with the presence of the human papillomavirus (HPV) oncogenes E6 and E7. Surprisingly, the viral oncogenes can complement exogenously provided Oct4 in reprogramming assays, providing functional validation for their ability to activate Oct4 transcription in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs). To interrogate potential roles of Oct4 in cervical cancers we knocked-down Oct4 in HPV(+) (HeLa & CaSki) and HPV(-) (C33A) cervical cancer cell lines and found that Oct4 knockdown attenuated clonogenesis, only in the HPV(+) cells. More unexpectedly, cell proliferation and migration, were differentially affected in HPV(+) and HPV(-) cell lines. We provide evidence that Oct4 interacts with HPV E7 specifically at the CR3 region of the E7 protein and that introduction of the HPV oncogenes in C33A cells and human immortalised keratinocytes generates Oct4-associated transcriptional and phenotypic patterns, which mimic those seen in HPV(+) cells. We propose that a physical interaction of Oct4 with E7 regulates its activity in HPV(+) cervical cancers in a manner not seen in other cancer types.
Collapse
|
32
|
Tang J, Sui CJ, Wang DF, Lu XY, Luo GJ, Zhao Q, Lian QY, Jeong S, Lin XM, Zhu YJ, Zheng B, Wu R, Wang Q, Liu XL, Liu JF, Xia Q, Wu G, Gu J, Wang HY, Chen L. Targeted sequencing reveals the mutational landscape responsible for sorafenib therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:5384-5397. [PMID: 32373219 PMCID: PMC7196302 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The existence of primary and acquired drug resistance is the main obstacle for the effect of multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib and regorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, plenty of patients did not significantly benefit from sorafenib treatment and little is known about the mechanism of drug resistance. Methods: Laser capture microdissection was used to acquire matched normal liver and tumor tissues on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens collected before sorafenib therapy from the first surgery of 119 HCC patients. Ultra-deep sequencing (~1000×) targeting whole exons of 440 genes in microdissected specimens and siRNA screen in 7 cell lines were performed to find mutations associated with differential responses to sorafenib. Patient-derived xenograft models were employed to determine the role of TP53 in response to sorafenib. Lentiviruses harboring wild-type and c.G52C-mutant OCT4 were applied to explore the function of OCT4 in resistance to sorafenib. ChIP-PCR assay for analysis of OCT4 transcriptional activity was performed to explore the affinity with the KITLG promoter. Statistical analyses were used to associate levels of p53 and OCT4 with tumor features and patient outcomes. Results: Total 1,050 somatic mutations and 26 significant driver genes were identified. SiRNA screening in 7 HCC cell lines was further performed to identify mutations associated with differential responses to sorafenib. A recurrent nonsynonymous mutation c.G52C in OCT4 (OCT4 mut) was strongly associated with good response to sorafenib, whereas the stop-gain mutation in TP53 showed the opposite outcome both in vitro and in vivo. OCT4 wt-induced stem cell factor (encoded by KITLG gene, SCF) expression and cross-activation of c-KIT/FLT3-BRAF signals were identified indispensably for sorafenib resistance, which could be reversed by the combination of c-KIT tyrosine kinase inhibitors or neutralizing antibody against SCF. Mechanistically, an OCT4 binding site in upstream of KITLG promoter was identified with a higher affinity to wildtype of OCT4 rather than G52C-mutant form, which is indispensable for OCT4-induced expression of KITLG and sorafenib resistance. Conclusion: Our study reported a novel somatic mutation in OCT4 (c.G52C) responsible for the sorafenib effect, and also shed new light on the treatment of HCC through the combination of specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors according to individual genetic patterns.
Collapse
|
33
|
BNIP3L-Dependent Mitophagy Promotes HBx-Induced Cancer Stemness of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Glycolysis Metabolism Reprogramming. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030655. [PMID: 32168902 PMCID: PMC7139741 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of predisposing factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The role of HBV x protein (HBx) in mediating the induction and maintenance of cancer stemness during HBV-related HCC attracts considerable attention, but the exact mechanism has not been clearly elucidated. Here, ABCG2-dependent stem-like side population (SP) cells, which are thought to be liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs), were present in HCC cells, and the fraction of this subset was increased in HBx-expressing HCC cells. In addition, glycolysis was upregulated in LCSCs and HBx-expressing HCC cells, and intervention of glycolysis attenuated cancer stem-like phenotypes. Mitochondria play an important role in the maintenance of energy homeostasis, BNIP3L-dependent mitophagy was also activated in LCSCs and HBx-expressing HCC cells, which triggered a metabolic shift toward glycolysis. In summary, we proposed a positive feedback loop, in which HBx induced BNIP3L-dependent mitophagy which upregulated glycolytic metabolism, increasing cancer stemness of HCC cells in vivo and in vitro. BNIP3L might be a potential therapeutic target for intervention of LCSCs-associated HCC. Anti-HBx, a monoclonal antibody targeting intracellular HBx, had the potential to delay the progression of HBV infection related-HCC.
Collapse
|
34
|
Guo H, Li P, Su L, Wu K, Huang K, Lai R, Xu J, Sun D, Li S, Deng Z, Wang Y, Guo H, Chen Z, Wang S. Low expression of IL-37 protein is correlated with high Oct4 protein expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Gene 2020; 737:144445. [PMID: 32035244 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The function of IL-37 in cancer remains largely unclear. The present research was to probe the protein expression of IL-37 and Oct4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), para-cancerous tissues (PT) and cancer cell lines, and discuss their relationship. METHODS Forty-nine HCC specimens and forty-nine PT samples were collected for immunohistochemical staining of IL-37 and Oct4 protein. Then, the correlations among IL-37, Oct4 and the clinical indicators were analyzed. In further in vitro studies, IL-37 was over expressed in HepG2 and MHCC97H cancer cell lines by gene transfection using a lipo3000 kit. Finally, the protein expression of IL-37 and Oct4 was detected by immunofluorescence and western blot to verify the in vivo correlation between IL and 37 and Oct4. RESULTS In HCC, IL-37 protein expression was weakly positive with a positive rate of 12.2% while Oct4 expression was strongly positive with a positive rate of 91.8%. In PT, strong positive IL-37 (83.7%) and weakly positive Oct4 (91.8%) were shown. The increased IL-37 and decreased Oct4 induced by IL-37 gene transfection were observed through IF in cells. In terms of clinical significance, the difference of IL-37 expression between HCC and PT was statistically significant (χ2 = 51.815, P = 3.2796 × 10-11). IL-37 in tumor tissues was associated with serum AFP (χ2 = 5.515, P = 0.048) and cirrhosis (χ2 = 7.451, P = 0.014). IL-37 expression of PT was link to gender (χ2 = 10.376, P = 0.013) and tumor size (χ2 = 8.118, P = 0.04). The expression of Oct4 in HCC was related to the patient's gender and cirrhosis. Importantly, there was a negative correlation between IL and 37 and Oct4 in tumor tissues (r = -0.299, P = 0.047) but not in PT (P > 0.05). Oct4 protein expression was down-regulated by IL-37 by 63.35% in HepG2 cells (P < 0.05) and 95.20% in MHCC97H cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION IL-37 expression in tumor tissues and PT was related to serum AFP and liver cirrhosis, tumor size, respectively. IL-37 protein expression was correlated with Oct4 in cancer cell lines and tumor tissues but not PT. The present study indicated that IL-37 might play a role in the development of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology of the Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology of the Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Liudan Su
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Ruizhi Lai
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Dingbao Sun
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Shuxian Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology of the Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Ziliang Deng
- Department of Histology and Embryology of the Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology of the Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Haina Guo
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 520300, China
| | - Zhangquan Chen
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology of the Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523808, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Multiple novel hepatocellular carcinoma signature genes are commonly controlled by the master pluripotency factor OCT4. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 43:279-295. [PMID: 31848930 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00487-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common solid tumor with a poor prognosis. HCC is often due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. As yet, efficacious HCC treatment regimens for late-stage HCC patients are lacking. Therefore, the identification of more specific and sensitive biomarkers for its early diagnosis and treatment remains an urgent need. METHODS Total RNAs from paired HBV-derived HCC tumors and adjacent peritumor tissues (APTs) were subjected to RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC tumors and APTs were selected and verified. RESULTS We identified 166 DEGs and found that eight top-ranked and verified DEGs (TK1, CTTN, CEP72, TRIP13, FTH1, FLAD1, CHRM2, AMBP) all contained putative OCT4 binding motifs in their promoter regions. TK1, TRIP13 and OCT4 were found to exhibit concurrent higher expression levels in HCC tumors than in APTs. The mRNA levels of TK1, TRIP13 and OCT4 in a cohort of 384 HCC samples from the TCGA database were all found to be negatively correlated with patient overall survival, relapse-free survival and progression-free survival, underscoring the HCC biomarker status of TK1 and TRIP13 on one hand, and implicating their association with OCT4 on the other hand. Furthermore, OCT4 proteins were found to bind to the promoters of both genes in vitro and in vivo. Knocking out OCT4 in HCC-derived cell lines reduced the expression of TK1 and TRIP13 and significantly decreased their tumorigenicity. CONCLUSIONS Using RNA-seq, we identified several novel HCC signature genes that may serve as biomarkers for its diagnosis and prognosis. Their common transcriptional regulation by OCT4 suggests key roles in the development of HCC, and indicates that OCT4 may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
36
|
Lai SC, Su YT, Chi CC, Kuo YC, Lee KF, Wu YC, Lan PC, Yang MH, Chang TS, Huang YH. DNMT3b/OCT4 expression confers sorafenib resistance and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma through IL-6/STAT3 regulation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:474. [PMID: 31771617 PMCID: PMC6878666 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is critical for the expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), which is highly associated with early tumor recurrence and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family is closely linked with OCT4 expression and drug resistance. However, the underlying mechanism regarding the interplay between DNMTs and IL-6-induced OCT4 expression and the sorafenib resistance of HCC remains largely unclear. METHODS HCC tissue samples were used to examine the association between DNMTs/OCT4 expression levels and clinical prognosis. Serum levels of IL-6 were detected using ELISA assays (n = 144). Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed in cell lines and mouse xenograft models to determine the underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We demonstrate that levels of DNA methyltransferase 3 beta (DNMT3b) are significantly correlated with the OCT4 levels in HCC tissues (n = 144), and the OCT4 expression levels are positively associated with the serum IL-6 levels. Higher levels of IL-6, DNMT3b, or OCT4 predicted early HCC recurrence and poor prognosis. We show that IL-6/STAT3 activation increases DNMT3b/1 and OCT4 in HCC. Activated phospho-STAT3 (STAT-Y640F) significantly increased DNMT3b/OCT4, while dominant negative phospho-STAT3 (STAT-Y705F) was suppressive. Inhibiting DNMT3b with RNA interference or nanaomycin A (a selective DNMT3b inhibitor) effectively suppressed the IL-6 or STAT-Y640F-induced increase of DNMT3b-OCT4 and ALDH activity in vitro and in vivo. The fact that OCT4 regulates the DNMT1 expressions were further demonstrated either by OCT4 forced expression or DNMT1 silence. Additionally, the DNMT3b silencing reduced the OCT4 expression in sorafenib-resistant Hep3B cells with or without IL-6 treatment. Notably, targeting DNMT3b with nanaomycin A significantly increased the cell sensitivity to sorafenib, with a synergistic combination index (CI) in sorafenib-resistant Hep3B cells. CONCLUSIONS The DNMT3b plays a critical role in the IL-6-mediated OCT4 expression and the drug sensitivity of sorafenib-resistant HCC. The p-STAT3 activation increases the DNMT3b/OCT4 which confers the tumor early recurrence and poor prognosis of HCC patients. Findings from this study highlight the significance of IL-6-DNMT3b-mediated OCT4 expressions in future therapeutic target for patients expressing cancer stemness-related properties or sorafenib resistance in HCC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/biosynthesis
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/genetics
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Hep G2 Cells
- Heterografts
- Humans
- Interleukin-6/blood
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, SCID
- Middle Aged
- Octamer Transcription Factor-3/biosynthesis
- Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics
- Prognosis
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Sorafenib/pharmacology
- DNA Methyltransferase 3B
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ssu-Chuan Lai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Su
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chi Chi
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Taoyuan, 33305 Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Kam-Fai Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Wu
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Lan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, 11221 Taiwan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217 Taiwan
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33382 Taiwan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031 Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ding H, Liu J, Zou R, Cheng P, Su Y. Long non-coding RNA TPTEP1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression by suppressing STAT3 phosphorylation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:189. [PMID: 31072375 PMCID: PMC6509822 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still the most common cause of tumor-related death worldwide and accumulating studies report that long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are closely related with HCC development, metastasis and prognosis. Cisplatinum, a well-known chemotherapeutic drug, has been widely used for treatment of numerous human cancers including HCC. This study aimed to investigate the differential expressions of LncRNAs in HCC cells treated with cisplatinum and its underlying mechanism. METHODS The differential expressions of LncRNAs in HCC cells treated with cisplatinum were determined by RNA-seq. The roles of TPTEP1 in HCC development by applying gene function gain and loss analysis in MHCC97H and QYG-7703 cell lines were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), cell proliferation, colony formation, cell invasion and flow cytometry assays. The underlying mechanism of TPTEP1 sensitizing hepatocellular carcinoma cells to cisplatinum was examined by RNA-pull down, western blotting, subcellular fractionation, RNA immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter assays. The effect of TPTEP1 on tumorigenesis in vivo was performed with a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model of HCC. In addition, TPTEP1 expression was detected in clinical tumor tissue samples by qRT-PCR. RESULTS LncRNA TPTEP1 was highly expressed in cisplatinum-treated HCC cells, which sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cell to cisplatinum-induced apoptosis. TPTEP1 overexpression inhibited, while TPTEP1 knockdown promoted HCC cell proliferation, tumorigenicity and invasion. Furthermore, TPTEP1 exerted its tumor suppressing activities by interacting with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) to inhibit its phosphorylation, homodimerization, nuclear translocation and down-stream genes transcription. Moreover, TPTEP1 overexpression obviously inhibits tumor masses in vivo in a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model of HCC and TPTEP1 is frequently downregulated in HCC tissues, compared to its corresponding pre-tumor tissues. CONCLUSION LncRNA TPTEP1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cells progression by affecting IL-6/STAT3 signaling. Taken together, our findings suggest a tumor suppressing role of TPTEP1 in HCC progression and provide a novel understanding of TPTEP1 during the chemotherapy for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Ding
- Department of the fifth General Surgery, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao road, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Junpeng Liu
- Department of the fifth General Surgery, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao road, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ruoyao Zou
- Department of the fifth General Surgery, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao road, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Pengrui Cheng
- Department of the fifth General Surgery, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao road, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yang Su
- Department of the fifth General Surgery, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao road, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Homeobox Genes and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050621. [PMID: 31058850 PMCID: PMC6562709 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common type of cancer, and is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths each year. It involves a multi-step progression and is strongly associated with chronic inflammation induced by the intake of environmental toxins and/or viral infections (i.e., hepatitis B and C viruses). Although several genetic dysregulations are considered to be involved in disease progression, the detailed regulatory mechanisms are not well defined. Homeobox genes that encode transcription factors with homeodomains control cell growth, differentiation, and morphogenesis in embryonic development. Recently, more aberrant expressions of Homeobox genes were found in a wide variety of human cancer, including HCC. In this review, we summarize the currently available evidence related to the role of Homeobox genes in the development of HCC. The objective is to determine the roles of this conserved transcription factor family and its potential use as a therapeutic target in future investigations.
Collapse
|
39
|
El-Guindy DM, Helal DS, Sabry NM, Abo El-Nasr M. Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression combined with CD8 tumor infiltrating lymphocytes density in non-small cell lung cancer patients. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2018; 30:125-131. [PMID: 30337185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnci.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy targeting programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway has shown promising results in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. T cells play a major role in tumor-associated immune response. This study aimed to investigate PD-L1 expression alone and combined with CD8 tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) density in relation to clinicopathologic parameters and survival in NSCLC patients. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to evaluate PD-L1 expression and CD8 TILs density in 55 NSCLC patients. PD-L1 immunopositivity was detected in 36 (65.5%) of NSCLC cases. PD-L1 expression was significantly related to high tumor grade (p value = 0.038) and low CD8 TILs density (p value = 0.004), whereas no significant relations were detected between PD-L1 expression and tumor stage (p value = 0.121), overall survival (OS) (p value = 0.428) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p value = 0.439). Among PD-L1/CD8 TILs density groups, PD-L1+/CD8Low group was significantly associated with high tumor grade compared to PD-L1-/CD8high group (pairwise p = 0.016). PD-L1+/CD8Low group was significantly related to advanced tumor stage compared to PD-L1+/CD8high and PD-L1-/CD8Low groups (pairwise p = 0.001 and 0.013 respectively). PD-L1-/CD8high group exhibited the best OS and PFS whereas PD-L1+/CD8low group had the poorest OS and PFS (p value = 0.032 and 0.001 respectively). Assessment of PD-L1 combined with CD8 TILs density, instead of PD-L1 alone, suggested important prognostic relevance in NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina M El-Guindy
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
| | - Duaa S Helal
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Nesreen M Sabry
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abo El-Nasr
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tulake W, Yuemaier R, Sheng L, Ru M, Lidifu D, Abudula A. Upregulation of stem cell markers ALDH1A1 and OCT4 as potential biomarkers for the early detection of cervical carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5525-5534. [PMID: 30344706 PMCID: PMC6176262 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported the upregulation of stem cell biomarkers that are associated with tumorigenesis, in particular with cancer infiltration, recurrence and metastasis. Infection by human papilloma virus (HPV) is the main etiopathological factor of cervical carcinogenesis, but the expression of stem cell markers in cervical carcinoma and HPV infection have yet to be investigated so far. A total of 94 cases of fresh cervical tissues, 116 cases of paraffin-embedded cervical specimens and 72 cases of peripheral blood samples were collected from Uighur women who were either diagnosed with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) II-III, or from healthy subjects (negative controls, NC). HPV infection was detected in tissue DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a HPV genotyping kit. The mRNA expression levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 (ALDH1A1), nanog homeobox (NANOG), POU class 5 homeobox 1 (OCT4), SRY-box 2 (SOX2) and twist family BHLH transcription factor 1 (Twist1) were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Histological analysis was performed in order to examine the protein expression of ALDH1A1 and OCT4 in paraffin-embedded tissue specimens by immunohistochemical staining and the plasma levels of those two proteins was measured by ELISA. RT-qPCR analysis indicated a significant increase in the mRNA expression of ALDH1A1 and OCT4 in CIN II-III and SCC tissue specimens compared with NC (P<0.05). Although the expression levels of NANOG, SOX2 and Twist1 were significantly higher in SCC compared with NC (P<0.05), no significant difference was revealed in CIN II-III tissues compared with SCC or NC (P>0.05). Subsequent analysis by immunohistochemistry staining confirmed that the upregulation of ALDH1A1 and OCT4 was also significantly increased in SCC and CIN II-III compared with controls at the protein level. Notably, ELISA analysis detected significantly higher levels of ALDH1A1 and OCT4 in the peripheral blood (plasma) of patients with SCC compared with healthy subjects. The upregulation of stem cell markers ALDH1A1 and OCT4 in cervical carcinoma and its precursor lesions, in particular in the peripheral blood, indicates that ALDH1A1 and OCT4 may serve as biomarkers for the early detection of cervical carcinoma or for the monitoring of treatment of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuniqiemu Tulake
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Reziwanguli Yuemaier
- Department of Clinical Research, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Key Laboratory of The Chinese Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region for High-incident Diseases in Uighur Ethnic Population, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Mingfang Ru
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Dilare Lidifu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Abulizi Abudula
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of The Chinese Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region for High-incident Diseases in Uighur Ethnic Population, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chronic Niche Inflammation in Endometriosis-Associated Infertility: Current Understanding and Future Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082385. [PMID: 30104541 PMCID: PMC6121292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease that affects up to 10% of women of reproductive age and accounts for up to 50% of female infertility cases. It has been highly associated with poorer outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART), including decreased oocyte retrieval, lower implantation, and pregnancy rates. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated infertility is crucial for improving infertility treatment outcomes. Current theories regarding how endometriosis reduces fertility include anatomical distortion, ovulatory dysfunction, and niche inflammation-associated peritoneal or implantation defects. This review will survey the latest evidence on the role of inflammatory niche in the peritoneal cavity, ovaries, and uterus of endometriosis patients. Nonhormone treatment strategies that target these inflammation processes are also included. Furthermore, mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies are highlighted for potential endometriosis treatment because of their immunomodulatory effects and tropism toward inflamed lesion foci. Potential applications of stem cell therapy in treatment of endometriosis-associated infertility in particular for safety and efficacy are discussed.
Collapse
|
42
|
Tomizawa M, Shinozaki F, Motoyoshi Y, Sugiyama T, Yamamoto S, Ishige N. Oct3/4 is potentially useful for the suppression of the proliferation and motility of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5243-5248. [PMID: 30250594 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells are immature compared with healthy mature hepatocytes. Transcription factors serve a role in hepatocyte differentiation. The expression levels of transcription factors in HCC cell lines have been investigated to determine potential therapeutic targets. In the present study, the HLE, HLF, PLC/PRF/5, Huh-7, Hep3B, Huh-6 and HepG2 HCC cell lines were subjected to reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of transcription factors, including NANOG, Oct3/4, GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4), GATA6 and hematopoietically expressed homeobox (HHEX). In addition, these cell lines were analyzed using RT-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) of NANOG and Oct3/4. The 201B7 human induced pluripotent stem cells were evaluated as a model of pluripotent cells. The HLF cells were transfected with Oct3/4 small interfering RNA (siRNA) and used in an MTS colorimetric assay and a scratch assay. NANOG was not expressed in any of the cell lines. However, GATA4, GATA6 and HHEX were expressed in the majority of the HCC cell lines. In addition, NANOG and Oct3/4 were expressed in 201B7 cells. Oct3/4 was expressed in HLE, HLF and Hep3B cells; however, its expression levels were significantly reduced compared with those in 201B7 cells. RT-qPCR demonstrated that the expression of Oct3/4 siRNA suppressed the proliferation and motility of HLF cells. Oct3/4 siRNA may be a potentially effective therapy for the suppression of the proliferation and motility of HCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Tomizawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization, Shimoshizu Hospital, Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0003, Japan
| | - Fuminobu Shinozaki
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization, Shimoshizu Hospital, Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0003, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Motoyoshi
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Shimoshizu Hospital, Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0003, Japan
| | - Takao Sugiyama
- Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Shimoshizu Hospital, Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0003, Japan
| | - Shigenori Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization, Shimoshizu Hospital, Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0003, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishige
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization, Shimoshizu Hospital, Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0003, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Song J, Zhang X, Ge Q, Yuan C, Chu L, Liang HF, Liao Z, Liu Q, Zhang Z, Zhang B. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of HBsAg inhibits proliferation and tumorigenicity of HBV-positive hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8419-8431. [PMID: 29904948 PMCID: PMC6221038 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains the most common risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). High HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) levels are highly correlated with hepatocarcinogenesis and HBV‐associated HCC development. However, the role and detailed mechanisms associated with HBsAg in HCC development remain elusive. In this study, we designed specific single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting the open reading frames, preS1/preS2/S, of the HBV genome and established HBsAg knockout HCC cell lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. We showed that knockout of HBsAg in HCC cell lines decreased HBsAg expression and significantly attenuated HCC proliferation in vitro, as well as tumorigenicity in vivo. We also found that overexpression of HBsAg, including the large (LHBs), middle (MHBs), and small (SHBs) surface proteins promoted proliferation and tumor formation in HCC cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that knockout of HBsAg in HCC cells decreased interleukin (IL)‐6 production and inhibited signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling, while overexpression of HBsAg induced a substantial accumulation of pY‐STAT3. Collectively, these results highlighted the tumorigenic role of HBsAg and implied that the IL‐6‐STAT3 pathway may be implicated in the HBsAg‐mediated malignant potential of HBV‐associated HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaochao Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianyun Ge
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoyi Yuan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Chu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibin Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiumeng Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhanguo Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhou Y, Chen X, Kang B, She S, Zhang X, Chen C, Li W, Chen W, Dan S, Pan X, Liu X, He J, Zhao Q, Zhu C, Peng L, Wang H, Yao H, Cao H, Li L, Herlyn M, Wang YJ. Endogenous authentic OCT4A proteins directly regulate FOS/AP-1 transcription in somatic cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:585. [PMID: 29789579 PMCID: PMC5964179 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0606-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OCT4A is well established as a master transcription factor for pluripotent stem cell (PSC) self-renewal and a pioneer factor for initiating somatic cell reprogramming, yet its presence and functionality in somatic cancer cells remain controversial and obscure. By combining the CRISPR-Cas9-based gene editing with highly specific PCR assays, highly sensitive immunoassays, and mass spectrometry, we provide unequivocal evidence here that full-length authentic OCT4A transcripts and proteins were both present in somatic cancer cells, and OCT4A proteins were heterogeneously expressed in the whole cell population and when expressed, they are predominantly localized in cell nucleus. Despite their extremely low abundance (approximately three orders of magnitude lower than in PSCs), OCT4A proteins bound to the promoter/enhancer regions of the AP-1 transcription factor subunit c-FOS gene and critically regulated its transcription. Knocking out OCT4A in somatic cancer cells led to dramatic reduction of the c-FOS protein level, aberrant AP-1 signaling, dampened self-renewal capacity, deficient cell migration that were associated with cell growth retardation in vitro and in vivo, and their enhanced sensitivity to anticancer drugs. Taken together, we resolve the long-standing controversy and uncertainty in the field, and reveal a fundamental role of OCT4A protein in regulating FOS/AP-1 signaling-centered genes that mediate the adhesion, migration, and propagation of somatic cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Bo Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Shiqi She
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Songsong Dan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Xiaoyun Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Jianqin He
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Qingwei Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Chenggang Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Ling Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Haoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Hangping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Meenhard Herlyn
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program and Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ying-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China. .,Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program and Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Amicone L, Marchetti A. Microenvironment and tumor cells: two targets for new molecular therapies of hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 3:24. [PMID: 29971255 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2018.04.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is one of the most frequent human cancer and is characterized by a high mortality rate. The aggressiveness appears strictly related to the liver pathological background on which cancer develops. Inflammation and the consequent fibro/cirrhosis, derived from chronic injuries of several origins (viral, toxic and metabolic) and observable in almost all oncological patients, represents the most powerful risk factor for HCC and, at the same time, an important obstacle to the efficacy of systemic therapy. Multiple microenvironmental cues, indeed, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis, evolution and recurrence of HCC as well as in the resistance to standard therapies observed in most of patients. The identification of altered pathways in cancer cells and of microenvironmental changes, strictly connected in pathogenic feedback loop, may permit to plan new therapeutic approaches targeting tumor cells and their permissive microenvironment, simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Amicone
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marchetti
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Xu QG, Yu J, Guo XG, Hou GJ, Yuan SX, Yang Y, Yang Y, Liu H, Pan ZY, Yang F, Gu FM, Zhou WP. IL-17A promotes the invasion-metastasis cascade via the AKT pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:936-952. [PMID: 29689643 PMCID: PMC5983223 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that interleukin‐17A (IL‐17A) is associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its role in the invasion–metastasis cascade of HCC and the efficacy of IL‐17A‐targeting therapeutics in HCC remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that IL‐17A promoted intrahepatic and pulmonary metastasesis of HCC cells in an orthotopic implant model. Moreover, our results showed that IL‐17A induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promoted HCC cell colonization in vitro and in vivo, and the role of IL‐17A in invasion–metastasis was dependent on activation of the AKT pathway. Remarkably, combined therapy using both secukinumab and sorafenib has better inhibition on tumour growth and metastasis compared to sorafenib monotherapy. Additionally, the combination of intratumoral IL‐17A+ cells and E‐cadherin predicted the outcome of patients with HCC at an early stage after hepatectomy based on tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, our studies reveal that IL‐17A induces early EMT and promotes late colonization of HCC metastasis by activating AKT signalling. Secukinumab is a promising candidate for clinical development in combination with sorafenib for the management of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Guo Xu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Gang Guo
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Jun Hou
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Xian Yuan
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer (SMMU), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Tumor Biology (EHBH), China
| | - Yun Yang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Liu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Ya Pan
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu Yang
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Ming Gu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhou
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer (SMMU), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Tumor Biology (EHBH), China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Immune response involved in liver damage and the activation of hepatic progenitor cells during liver tumorigenesis. Cell Immunol 2018; 326:52-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
48
|
Cao MR, Han ZP, Liu JM, Li YG, Lv YB, Zhou JB, He JH. Bioinformatic analysis and prediction of the function and regulatory network of long non-coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7783-7793. [PMID: 29740493 PMCID: PMC5934726 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Computational analysis and bioinformatics have significantly advanced the ability of researchers to process and analyze biological data. Molecular data from human and model organisms may facilitate drug target validation and identification of biomarkers with increased predictive accuracy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using online databases, and to predict their regulatory mechanism. HCC-associated lncRNAs, their downstream transcription factors and microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs), as well as the HCC-associated target genes, were identified using online databases. HCC-associated lncRNAs, including HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) and metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) were selected based on established databases of lncRNAs. The interaction between the HCC-associated lncRNAs and miRNAs (hsa-miR-1, hsa-miR-20a-5p) was predicted using starBase2.0. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4A), octamer-binding transcription factor 4, Nanog homeobox (NANOG), caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2), DEAD-box helicase 5, brahma-related gene 1, MYC-associated factor X and MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor have been identified as the transcription factors for HOTAIR and MALAT1 using ChIPBase. Additionally, CDX2, HNF4A, NANOG, ETS transcription factor, Jun proto-oncogene and forkhead box protein A1 were identified as the transcription factors for hsa-miR-1 and hsa-miR-20a-5p. CDX2, HNF4A and NANOG were the transcriptional factors in common between the lncRNAs and miRNAs. Cyclin D1, E2F transcription factor 1, epithelial growth factor receptor, MYC, MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase and vascular endothelial growth factor A were identified as target genes for the HCC progression, two of which were also the target genes of hsa-miR-1 and hsa-miR-20a-5p using the miRwalk and OncoDN. HCC databases. Additionally, these target genes may be involved in biological functions, including the regulation of cell growth, cell cycle progression and mitosis, and in disease progression, as demonstrated using DAVID clustering analysis. The present study aimed to predict a regulatory network of lncRNAs in HCC progression using bioinformatics analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Rong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Ping Han
- Department of Laboratory, Central Hospital of Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Ming Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Guang Li
- Department of Laboratory, Central Hospital of Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Bing Lv
- Department of Laboratory, Central Hospital of Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Bin Zhou
- Department of Laboratory, Central Hospital of Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hua He
- Department of Laboratory, Central Hospital of Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hu J, Liu J, Chen A, Lyu J, Ai G, Zeng Q, Sun Y, Chen C, Wang J, Qiu J, Wu Y, Cheng J, Shi X, Song L. Ino80 promotes cervical cancer tumorigenesis by activating Nanog expression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:72250-72262. [PMID: 27750218 PMCID: PMC5342159 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ino80 ATPase is an integral component of the INO80 ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complex, which regulates transcription, DNA repair and replication. We found that Ino80 was highly expressed in cervical cancer cell lines and tumor samples. Ino80 knockdown inhibited cervical cancer cell proliferation, induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. However, Ino80 knockdown did not affect cell apoptosis, migration or invasion in vitro. Ino80 overexpression promoted proliferation in the H8 immortalized cervical epithelial cell line, which has low endogenous Ino80 expression as compared to cervical cancer cell lines. Ino80 bound to the Nanog transcription start site (TSS) and enhanced its expression in cervical cancer cells. Nanog overexpression in Ino80 knockdown cell lines promoted cell proliferation. This study demonstrated for the first time that Ino80 was upregulated in cervical cancer and promoted cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Our findings suggest that Ino80 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aozheng Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Lyu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guihai Ai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongjing Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinbo Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajing Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiujuan Shi
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwen Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Vishwamitra D, George SK, Shi P, Kaseb AO, Amin HM. Type I insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in hematological malignancies. Oncotarget 2018; 8:1814-1844. [PMID: 27661006 PMCID: PMC5352101 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system plays key roles in the establishment and progression of different types of cancer. In agreement with this idea, substantial evidence has shown that the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR) and its primary ligand IGF-I are important for maintaining the survival of malignant cells of hematopoietic origin. In this review, we discuss current understanding of the role of IGF-IR signaling in cancer with a focus on the hematological neoplasms. We also address the emergence of IGF-IR as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of different types of cancer including plasma cell myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Vishwamitra
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Suraj Konnath George
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ahmed O Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hesham M Amin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|