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Zheng W, Guo Y, Kahar A, Bai J, Zhu Q, Huang X, Li Y, Xu B, Jia X, Wu G, Zhang C, Zhu Y. RUNX1-induced upregulation of PTGS2 enhances cell growth, migration and invasion in colorectal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11670. [PMID: 38778047 PMCID: PMC11111780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) arises via the progressive accumulation of dysregulation in key genes including oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2, also called COX2) acts as an oncogenic driver in CRC. Here, we explored the upstream transcription factors (TFs) responsible for elevating PTGS2 expression in CRC cells. The results showed that PTGS2 silencing repressed cell growth, migration and invasion in HCT116 and SW480 CRC cells. The two fragments (499-981 bp) and (1053-1434 bp) were confirmed as the core TF binding profiles of the PTGS2 promoter. PTGS2 expression positively correlated with RUNX1 level in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) samples using the TCGA-COAD dataset. Furthermore, RUNX1 acted as a positive regulator of PTGS2 expression by promoting transcriptional activation of the PTGS2 promoter via the 1086-1096 bp binding motif. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that PTGS2 upregulation induced by the TF RUNX1 promotes CRC cell growth, migration and invasion, providing an increased rationale for the use of PTGS2 inhibitors in CRC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
- Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Red Star Hospital of the 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Hami, 839000, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, China
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Yingchang Guo
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Aihemaiti Kahar
- Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Red Star Hospital of the 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Hami, 839000, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, China
| | - Junwei Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Qinhui Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shangcai People's Hospital, Zhumadian, 463800, Henan, China
| | - Xinli Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Suiping People's Hospital, Zhumadian, 463100, Henan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Bingyi Xu
- Weihui People's Hospital, Weihui, 453100, Henan, China
| | - Xueshan Jia
- Development Department, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Yuanzeng Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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Wu J, Li S, Ma Y, Zhi W, Chen T, Huang X, Huang C, Zhou X, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Zheng G, Wang Z, Zhong X, Cai H, Wang W, Sun P, Zhou H. 3D hierarchic interfacial assembly of Au nanocage@Au along with IS-AgMNPs for simultaneous, ultrasensitive, reliable, and quantitative SERS detection of colorectal cancer related miRNAs. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115993. [PMID: 38183788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneous, reliable, and ultra-sensitive analysis of promising miRNA biomarkers of colorectal cancer (CRC) in serum is critical for early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. In this work, we proposed a novel 3D hierarchic assembly clusters-based SERS strategy with dual enrichment and enhancement designed for the ultrasensitive and quantitative analysis of two upregulated CRC-related miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-31). The biosensor contains the following: (1) SERS probe, Au nanocage@Au nanoparticles (AuNC@Au NPs) labeled with Raman reporters (RaRs). (2) magnetic capture unit, Ag-coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (AgMNPs) modified with internal standard (IS). (3) signal amplify probes (SA probes) for the formation of hierarchic assembly clusters. Based on this sensing strategy, the intensity ratio IRaRs/IIS with Lg miRNAs presents a wide linear range (10 aM-100 pM) with a limit of detection of 3.46 aM for miR-21, 6.49 aM for miR-31, respectively. Moreover, the biosensor shows good specificity and anti-interference ability, and the reliability and repeatability of the strategy were then verified by practical detection of clinical serum. Finally, the biosensor can distinguish CRC cancer subjects from normal ones and guide the distinct tumor, lymph node, and metastasis (TNM) stages. Overall, benefiting from the face-to-face coupling of hierarchic assembly clusters, rapid magnetic enrichment and IS signal calibration of AgMNPs, the established biosensor achieves ultra-sensitive and simultaneous detection of dual miRNAs and opens potential avenues for prediction and staging of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shengrong Li
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yiling Ma
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weixia Zhi
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xueqin Huang
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Guangchao Zheng
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xing Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Huaihong Cai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- College of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Pinghua Sun
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Haibo Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Mezher M, Abdallah S, Ashekyan O, Shoukari AA, Choubassy H, Kurdi A, Temraz S, Nasr R. Insights on the Biomarker Potential of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer: An In Silico Characterization of Related Exosomal lncRNA/circRNA–miRNA–Target Axis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071081. [PMID: 37048155 PMCID: PMC10093117 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer types, ranking third after lung and breast cancers. As such, it demands special attention for better characterization, which may eventually result in the development of early detection strategies and preventive measures. Currently, components of bodily fluids, which may reflect various disease states, are being increasingly researched for their biomarker potential. One of these components is the circulating extracellular vesicles, namely, exosomes, which are demonstrated to carry various cargo. Of importance, the non-coding RNA cargo of circulating exosomes, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and micro RNAs (miRNAs), may potentially serve as significant diagnostic and prognostic/predictive biomarkers. In this review, we present existing evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic/predictive biomarker value of exosomal non-coding RNAs in CRC. In addition, taking advantage of the miRNA sponging functionality of lncRNAs and circRNAs, we demonstrate an experimentally validated CRC exosomal non-coding RNA-regulated target gene axis benefiting from published miRNA sponging studies in CRC. Hence, we present a set of target genes and pathways downstream of the lncRNA/circRNA–miRNA–target axis along with associated significant Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, which may collectively serve to better characterize CRC and shed light on the significance of exosomal non-coding RNAs in CRC diagnosis and prognosis/prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mezher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Samira Abdallah
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Ohanes Ashekyan
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Ayman Al Shoukari
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Hayat Choubassy
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 6573, Lebanon
| | - Abdallah Kurdi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Sally Temraz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Rihab Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
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Chen Y, Xing Y, Wang Z, Li L, Wang H, Tang S, Cai K, Zhang J. Dual factor coactivatable fluorescent nanosensor with boosted cytoplasmic biomarker accessibility toward selective tumor imaging. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 223:115026. [PMID: 36565544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.115026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanosensor-based tumor imaging holds great promise in cancer diagnosis and treatment assistance, yet the signal contrast is heavily hampered by the unspecific/unwanted activation at microscopic regions with a highly restricted local abundance of biomarkers. Herein, we developed an activation boosting strategy by the integration and manipulation of dual-factor coactivation of sensing and lysosome escape facilitated the rise of cytosolic biomarker accessibility. By employing hybrid DNA probes on gold nanoquenchers, ATP sensing initiated conformation switch of the corresponding aptamer units triggered the exposure of a hidden toehold in a loop structure. Sequentially, miRNA-21 sensing was triggered by toehold-mediated strand displacement and detachment of the binding complexes. The application of lysosomotropic agent chloroquine at optimized time interval facilitated the release of nanosensors into the cytosol and a ∼10.5-fold increment of intracellular fluorescence in vitro, while coactivation improved the cancer-to-normal cell signal ratio by ∼5.9 times. The synergy effects led to a high tumor-to-normal tissue ratio value of ∼7.9 in the in vivo imaging results. This strategy establishes a new paradigm of fluorescent nanosensors for selective and specific tumor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Yuxin Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Zhenqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Hailing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Shuqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Jixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
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Farasati Far B, Vakili K, Fathi M, Yaghoobpoor S, Bhia M, Naimi-Jamal MR. The role of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of gastrointestinal cancers: A review. Life Sci 2023; 316:121340. [PMID: 36586571 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating the expression of several target genes. miRNAs play a significant role in cancer biology, as they can downregulate their corresponding target genes by impeding the translation of mRNA (at the mRNA level) as well as degrading mRNAs by binding to the 3'-untranslated (UTR) regions (at the protein level). miRNAs may be employed as cancer biomarkers. Therefore, miRNAs are widely investigated for early detection of cancers which can lead to improved survival rates and quality of life. This is particularly important in the case of gastrointestinal cancers, where early detection of the disease could substantially impact patients' survival. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21 or miRNA-21) is one of the most frequently researched miRNAs, where it is involved in the pathophysiology of cancer and the downregulation of several tumor suppressor genes. In gastrointestinal cancers, miR-21 regulates phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 (SMAD7), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase /protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), β-catenin, tropomyosin 1, maspin, and ras homolog gene family member B (RHOB). In this review, we investigate the functions of miR-21 in pathogenesis and its applications as a diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarker in four different gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer (PC), gastric cancer (GC), and esophageal cancer (EC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Vakili
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mobina Fathi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Yaghoobpoor
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammed Bhia
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Reza Naimi-Jamal
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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Han S, Wang D, Huang Y, Zeng Z, Xu P, Xiong H, Ke Z, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Wang F, Wang J, Zhao Y, Zhuo W, Zhao G. A reciprocal feedback between colon cancer cells and Schwann cells promotes the proliferation and metastasis of colon cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:348. [PMID: 36522730 PMCID: PMC9753336 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02556-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has indicated that the emergence of Schwann cells around premalignant lesions of colon cancer might be an early indicator promoting the onset of tumorigenesis. The present study explored the communication between colon cancer cells and Schwann cells. METHODS Immunofluorescence analyses were conducted to examine the differential distribution of Schwann cells within colon cancer tissues and normal colon tissues. CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay were performed to investigate the interaction between colon cancer cells and Schwann cells. Exosomes derived from colon cancer cells were isolated to further explore the effect of colon cancer cells on Schwann cells. Gain- and loss-of function experiments, luciferase reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, and immunohistochemistry assays were performed to reveal the cross-talk between colon cancer cells and Schwann cells. Furthermore, colon cancer cells co-cultured with Schwann cells were transplanted into nude mice for evaluating their effect on tumor proliferation and metastasis in vivo. RESULTS The clinicopathological characteristics indicated that Schwann cells were enriched in colon cancer tissues and were associated with tumor metastasis and poor prognosis. The co-culture of Schwann cells with colon cancer cells promoted the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells and Schwann cells, which was mediated by nerve growth factor (NGF) secreted from Schwann cells. Exosomal miR-21-5p released by colon cancer cells inhibited VHL expression in Schwann cells, which in turn stabilized the HIF-1α protein and increased the transcription of NGF. Meanwhile, the Schwann cells-derived NGF activated TrkA/ERK/ELK1/ZEB1 signaling pathway in colon cancer cells, which further enhanced the expression of exosomal miR-21-5p. Inhibition of either NGF or miR-21-5p significantly inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of transplanted colon cancer cells in nude mice. Coincidently, miR-21-5p was positively associated with the expression of NGF, p-ERK, p-ELK1, and ZEB1 in human colon cancer tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our results implicated a reciprocal communication between colon cancer cells and Schwan cells that promoted the proliferation and metastasis of colon cancer, and identified NGF and exosomal miR-21-5p as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo Han
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Decai Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yan Huang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Peng Xu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Hewei Xiong
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Zunxiang Ke
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Ya Zhang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yuhang Hu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Fan Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Jie Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yong Zhao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Wenfeng Zhuo
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Gang Zhao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
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Niu M, Chen C, Gao X, Guo Y, Zhang B, Wang X, Chen S, Niu X, Zhang C, Li L, Li Z, Zhao Z, Jiang X. Comprehensive analysis of the differences between left- and right-side colorectal cancer and respective prognostic prediction. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:482. [DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02585-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Previous studies have reported that the tumor heterogeneity and complex oncogenic mechanisms of proximal and distal colon cancer (CRC) are divergent. Therefore, we aim to analyze the differences between left-sided CRC (L_cancer) and right-sided CRC (R_cancer), as well as constructing respective nomograms.
Methods
We enrolled 335 colon cancer patients (146 L_cancer patients and 189 R_cancer patients) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data sets, and 102 pairs of color cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue (51 L_cancer patients and 51 R_cancer patients) from our hospital. Firstly, we analyzed the differences between the L_cancer patients and R_cancer patients, and then established the L_cancer and R_cancer prognostic models using LASSO Cox.
Results
R_cancer patients had lower survival than L_cancer patients. R_cancer patients had higher ESTIMATE and immune scores and lower tumor purity. These patterns of expression of immune checkpoint-related genes and TMB level were higher in R_cancer than in L_cancer patients. Finally, we using Lasso Cox regression analyses established a prognostic model for L_cancer patients and a prognostic model for R_cancer patients. The AUC values of the risk score for OS in L_cancer were 0.862 in the training set and 0.914 in the testing set, while those in R_cancer were 0.835 in the training set and 0.857 in the testing set. The AUC values in fivefold cross-validation were between 0.727 and 0.978, proving that the two prognostic models have great stability. The nomogram of L_cancer included prognostic genes, age, pathological M, pathological stage, and gender, the AUC values of which were 0.800 in the training set and 0.905 in the testing set. Meanwhile, the nomogram of R_cancer comprised prognostic genes, pathological N, pathological T, and age, the AUC values of which were 0.836 in the training set and 0.850 in the testing set. In the R_cancer patients, high-risk patients had a lower proportion of ‘B cells memory’, ‘Dendritic cells resting’, immune score, ESTIMATE score, immune checkpoint-related genes, and HLA-family genes, and a higher proportion of ‘T cells follicular helper’, ‘Dendritic cells activated’, and ‘Mast cells activated’.
Conclusions
We found significant differences between L_cancer and R_cancer patients and established a clinical predictive nomogram for L_cancer patients and a nomogram for R_cancer patients. Additionally, R_cancer patients in low-risk groups may be more beneficial from immunotherapy.
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Fellizar A, Refuerzo V, Ramos JD, Albano PM. Expression of specific microRNAs in tissue and plasma in colorectal cancer. J Pathol Transl Med 2022; 57:147-157. [PMID: 35501673 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2022.02.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNA/miR) play significant roles in the regulation of cell differentiation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. They become dysregulated during carcinogenesis and are eventually released into the circulation, enabling their detection in body fluids. Thus, this study compared the miRNA expression in tissue and plasma samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and clinically healthy controls and determined miRNA expression as a potential CRC biomarker. METHODS Using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), miR-21-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-92a-3p, miR-135b-5p, miR-196b-5p, and miR-197-3p, expression was analyzed and compared between the malignant (n = 41) and the adjacent neoplasm free mucosal tissues (n = 41) of CRC patients. The findings were validated in plasma samples (n = 36) collected from the same CRC patients prior to surgery or any form of treatment and compared to plasma from their age and sex-matched controls (n = 36). RESULTS MiR-21-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-92a-3p, and miR- 196b-5p were upregulated and miR-135b-5p was downregulated in CRC malignant tissues compared to their expression in adjacent neoplasm-free tissue. This was further observed in the plasma of the same CRC cases compared to controls. MiR-92a-3p showed itself the most sensitive (0.93; p < .001) and most specific (0.95; p < .001) in detecting CRC in tissue. In plasma, miR-196b-5p was the most sensitive (0.97; p < .001) and specific (0.94; p < .001) in detecting CRC. Plasma miR-92a-3p and miR-196b-5p were the most sensitive (0.95; p < .001) and specific (0.94; p < .001) in the early detection of CRC. CONCLUSIONS Results show that specific miRNAs dysregulated in malignant tissues are released and can be detected in the circulation, supporting their potential as non-invasive biomarkers of CRC.
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Yang F, Xuan G, Chen Y, Cao L, Zhao M, Wang C, Chen E. MicroRNAs Are Key Molecules Involved in the Gene Regulation Network of Colorectal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:828128. [PMID: 35465317 PMCID: PMC9023807 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.828128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play central roles in normal cell maintenance, development, and other physiological processes. Growing evidence has illustrated that dysregulated miRNAs can participate in the initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance that confer miRNAs to serve as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC. Through binding to the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of target genes, miRNAs can lead to target mRNA degradation or inhibition at a post-transcriptional level. During the last decade, studies have found numerous miRNAs and their potential targets, but the complex network of miRNA/Targets in CRC remains unclear. In this review, we sought to summarize the complicated roles of the miRNA-target regulation network (Wnt, TGF-β, PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and EMT related pathways) in CRC with up-to-date, high-quality published data. In particular, we aimed to discuss the downstream miRNAs of specific pathways. We hope these data can be a potent supplement for the canonical miRNA-target regulation network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guoyun Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lichao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Erfei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Erfei Chen,
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10
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Cai B, Qu X, Kan D, Luo Y. miR-26a-5p suppresses nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by inhibiting PTGS2 expression. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:618-629. [PMID: 35073820 PMCID: PMC8942422 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2030168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a low five-year survival rate, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. There is an urgent need to improve our understanding of the genetic regulation of NPC tumorigenesis and development. The role of miR-26a-5p in NPC growth regulation and the expression of its target, PTGS2, was analyzed. Quantitative Real-time PCR assay was used to detect miR-26a-5p and PTGS2 expression in human NPC tissues and cell lines. The RNA pull-down dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the association between miR-26a-5p and PTGS2. The effects of miR-26a-5p and PTGS2 on NPC cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion were measured by CCK-8, BrdU, and Transwell assays. miR-26a-5p expression in NPC tissues and cell lines was significantly decreased. The overexpression of miR-26a-5p inhibited the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC cells. miR-26a-5p bound to the 3-'untranslated region of PTGS2, thus reducing PTGS2 protein levels. miR-26a-5p inhibited NPC development by reducing the expression of its target PTGS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binlin Cai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiu Qu
- Department of Pain Treatment, Affiliated Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Kan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,CONTACT Yi Luo Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Benxi Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan, Hubei430081, China
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11
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Kudelova E, Holubekova V, Grendar M, Kolkova Z, Samec M, Vanova B, Mikolajcik P, Smolar M, Kudela E, Laca L, Lasabova Z. Circulating miRNA expression over the course of colorectal cancer treatment. Oncol Lett 2021; 23:18. [PMID: 34868358 PMCID: PMC8630815 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third-most common cancer type in males and the second-most common cancer type in females, and has the second-highest overall mortality rate worldwide. Approximately 50% of patients in stage I–III develop metastases, mostly localized to the liver. All physiological conditions occurring in the organism are also reflected in the levels of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in patients. miRNAs are a class of small, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs consisting of 18–25 nucleotides, which have important roles in various cellular processes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a panel of seven circulating miRNAs (miR-106a-5p, miR-210-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-191-5p and miR-16-5p) as biomarkers for monitoring patients undergoing adjuvant treatment of CRC. Total RNA was extracted from the plasma of patients with CRC prior to surgery, in the early post-operative period (n=60) and 3 months after surgery (n=14). The levels of the selected circulating miRNAs were measured with the miRCURY LNA miRNA PCR system and fold changes were calculated using the standard ∆∆Cq method. DIANA-miRPath analysis was used to evaluate the role of significantly deregulated miRNAs. The results indicated significant upregulation of miR-155-5p, miR-21-5p and miR-191-5p, and downregulation of miR-16-5p directly after the surgery. In paired follow-up samples, the most significant upregulation was detected for miR-106a-5p and miR-16-5p, and the most significant downregulation was for miR-21-5p. Pathway analysis outlined the role of the differentially expressed miRNAs in cancer development, but the same pathways are also involved in wound healing and regeneration of intestinal epithelium. It may be suggested that these processes should also be considered in studies investigating sensitive and easily detectable circulating biomarkers for recurrence in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kudelova
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Holubekova
- Biomedical Center in Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
| | - Marian Grendar
- Biomedical Center in Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Kolkova
- Biomedical Center in Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
| | - Marek Samec
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Vanova
- Biomedical Center in Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Mikolajcik
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
| | - Marek Smolar
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
| | - Erik Kudela
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
| | - Ludovit Laca
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
| | - Zora Lasabova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin SK-03601, Slovak Republic
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12
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Nguyen TT, Ung TT, Li S, Sah DK, Park SY, Lian S, Jung YD. Lithocholic Acid Induces miR21, Promoting PTEN Inhibition via STAT3 and ERK-1/2 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910209. [PMID: 34638550 PMCID: PMC8508661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-RNA-21 (miR-21) is a vital regulator of colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in CRC treatment. Our study using real-time PCR assay found that a secondary bile acid, lithocholic acid (LCA), stimulated the expression of miR21 in the CRC cell lines. Promoter activity assay showed that LCA strongly stimulated miR21 promoter activity in HCT116 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Studies of chemical inhibitors and miR21 promoter mutants indicated that Erk1/2 signaling, AP-1 transcription factor, and STAT3 are major signals involved in the mechanism of LCA-induced miR21 in HCT116 cells. The elevation of miR21 expression was upstream of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) inhibition, and CRC cell proliferation enhancement that was shown to be possibly mediated by PI3K/AKT signaling activation. This study is the first to report that LCA affects miR21 expression in CRC cells, providing us with a better understanding of the cancer-promoting mechanism of bile acids that have been described as the very first promoters of CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thinh-Thi Nguyen
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Joint Stock Company, Ho Chi Minh City 71207, Vietnam
| | - Thuan-Trong Ung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Joint Stock Company, Ho Chi Minh City 71207, Vietnam
| | - Shinan Li
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Sah
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Sun-Young Park
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Sen Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Y.-D.J.); Tel.: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-61-379-2772 (Y.-D.J.); Fax: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-81-379-2781 (Y.-D.J.)
| | - Young-Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Y.-D.J.); Tel.: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-61-379-2772 (Y.-D.J.); Fax: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-81-379-2781 (Y.-D.J.)
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13
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Bowen CM, Walter L, Borras E, Wu W, Ozcan Z, Chang K, Bommi PV, Taggart MW, Thirumurthi S, Lynch PM, Reyes-Uribe L, Scheet PA, Sinha KM, Vilar E. Combination of Sulindac and Bexarotene for Prevention of Intestinal Carcinogenesis in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:851-862. [PMID: 34266857 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome, which results in the development of hundreds of adenomatous polyps carpeting the gastrointestinal tract. NSAIDs have reduced polyp burden in patients with FAP and synthetic rexinoids have demonstrated the ability to modulate cytokine-mediated inflammation and WNT signaling. This study examined the use of the combination of an NSAID (sulindac) and a rexinoid (bexarotene) as a durable approach for reducing FAP colonic polyposis to prevent colorectal cancer development. Whole transcriptomic analysis of colorectal polyps and matched normal mucosa in a cohort of patients with FAP to identify potential targets for prevention in FAP was performed. Drug-dose synergism of sulindac and bexarotene in cell lines and patient-derived organoids was assessed, and the drug combination was tested in two different mouse models. This work explored mRNA as a potential predictive serum biomarker for this combination in FAP. Overall, transcriptomic analysis revealed significant activation of inflammatory and cell proliferation pathways. A synergistic effect of sulindac (300 μmol/L) and bexarotene (40 μmol/L) was observed in FAP colonic organoids with primary targeting of polyp tissue compared with normal mucosa. This combination translated into a significant reduction in polyp development in ApcMin/+ and ApcLoxP/+-Cdx2 mice. Finally, the reported data suggest miRNA-21 could serve as a predictive serum biomarker for polyposis burden in patients with FAP. These findings support the clinical development of the combination of sulindac and bexarotene as a treatment modality for patients with FAP. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: This study identified a novel chemopreventive regimen combining sulindac and bexarotene to reduce polyposis in patients with FAP using in silico tools, ex vivo, and in vivo models. This investigation provides the essential groundwork for moving this drug combination forward into a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles M Bowen
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lewins Walter
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ester Borras
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zuhal Ozcan
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kyle Chang
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Prashant V Bommi
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Melissa W Taggart
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Selvi Thirumurthi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patrick M Lynch
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Laura Reyes-Uribe
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul A Scheet
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Krishna M Sinha
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eduardo Vilar
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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14
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Alaaeddine RA, Elzahhar PA, AlZaim I, Abou-Kheir W, Belal ASF, El-Yazbi AF. The Emerging Role of COX-2, 15-LOX and PPARγ in Metabolic Diseases and Cancer: An Introduction to Novel Multi-target Directed Ligands (MTDLs). Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2260-2300. [PMID: 32867639 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999200820173853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports an intertwining framework for the involvement of different inflammatory pathways in a common pathological background for a number of disorders. Of importance are pathways involving arachidonic acid metabolism by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX). Both enzyme activities and their products are implicated in a range of pathophysiological processes encompassing metabolic impairment leading to adipose inflammation and the subsequent vascular and neurological disorders, in addition to various pro- and antitumorigenic effects. A further layer of complexity is encountered by the disparate, and often reciprocal, modulatory effect COX-2 and 15-LOX activities and metabolites exert on each other or on other cellular targets, the most prominent of which is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Thus, effective therapeutic intervention with such multifaceted disorders requires the simultaneous modulation of more than one target. Here, we describe the role of COX-2, 15-LOX, and PPARγ in cancer and complications of metabolic disorders, highlight the value of designing multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) modifying their activity, and summarizing the available literature regarding the rationale and feasibility of design and synthesis of these ligands together with their known biological effects. We speculate on the potential impact of MTDLs in these disorders as well as emphasize the need for structured future effort to translate these early results facilitating the adoption of these, and similar, molecules in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana A Alaaeddine
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Perihan A Elzahhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim AlZaim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed S F Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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15
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Ishikawa M, Iwasaki M, Sakamoto A, Ma D. Anesthetics may modulate cancer surgical outcome: a possible role of miRNAs regulation. BMC Anesthesiol 2021; 21:71. [PMID: 33750303 PMCID: PMC7941705 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-021-01294-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background microRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded and noncoding RNA molecules that control post-transcriptional gene regulation. miRNAs can be tumor suppressors or oncogenes through various mechanism including cancer cell biology, cell-to-cell communication, and anti-cancer immunity. Main Body Anesthetics can affect cell biology through miRNA-mediated regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA). Indeed, sevoflurane was reported to upregulate miR-203 and suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation. Propofol reduces matrix metalloproteinase expression through its impact on miRNAs, leading to anti-cancer microenvironmental changes. Propofol also modifies miRNA expression profile in circulating extracellular vesicles with their subsequent anti-cancer effects via modulating cell-to-cell communication. Conclusion Inhalational and intravenous anesthetics can alter cancer cell biology through various cellular signaling pathways induced by miRNAs’ modification. However, this area of research is insufficient and further study is needed to figure out optimal anesthesia regimens for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ishikawa
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan. .,Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Rd, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
| | - Masae Iwasaki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.,Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Rd, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Atsuhiro Sakamoto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 369 Fulham Rd, London, SW10 9NH, UK
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16
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Dos Santos IL, Penna KGBD, Dos Santos Carneiro MA, Libera LSD, Ramos JEP, Saddi VA. Tissue micro-RNAs associated with colorectal cancer prognosis: a systematic review. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1853-1867. [PMID: 33598796 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease commonly diagnosed worldwide, with high mortality rates. Several studies demonstrate important associations between differential expression of micro-RNAs (miRs) and the prognosis of CRC. The present study aimed to identify differentially expressed tissue miRs associated with prognostic factors in CRC patients, through a systematic review of the Literature. Using the PubMed database, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, studies published in English evaluating miRs differentially expressed in tumor tissue and significantly associated with the prognostic aspects of CRC were selected. All the included studies used RT-PCR (Taqman or SYBR Green) for miR expression analysis and the period of publication was from 2009 to 2018. A total of 115 articles accomplished the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The studies investigated the expression of 100 different miRs associated with prognostic aspects in colorectal cancer patients. The most frequent oncogenic miRs investigated were miR-21, miR-181a, miR-182, miR-183, miR-210 and miR-224 and the hyperexpression of these miRs was associated with distant metastasis, lymph node metastasis and worse survival in patients with CRC. The most frequent tumor suppressor miRs were miR-126, miR-199b and miR-22 and the hypoexpression of these miRs was associated with distant metastasis, worse prognosis and a higher risk of disease relapse (worse disease-free survival). Specific tissue miRs are shown to be promising prognostic biomarkers in patients with CRC, given their strong association with the prognostic aspects of these tumors, however, new studies are necessary to establish the sensibility and specificity of the individual miRs in order to use them in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Lopes Dos Santos
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Ambientais e Saúde da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Área IV, Praça Universitária, 1440, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, 74605-010, Brazil.
| | - Karlla Greick Batista Dias Penna
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Ambientais e Saúde da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Área IV, Praça Universitária, 1440, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, 74605-010, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jéssica Enocencio Porto Ramos
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Ambientais e Saúde da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Área IV, Praça Universitária, 1440, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, 74605-010, Brazil
| | - Vera Aparecida Saddi
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Ambientais e Saúde da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Área IV, Praça Universitária, 1440, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, GO, 74605-010, Brazil
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17
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Pathak S, Banerjee A. Emerging Importance of microRNA in Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:2-3. [PMID: 33527891 DOI: 10.2174/187153032101201210095139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Pathak
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai-603103, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103, India
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18
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Wu Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Hu H, Wu T, Liu S, Chen W, Xie S, Lu Z. Colorectal Cancer Screening Methods and Molecular Markers for Early Detection. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820980426. [PMID: 33353503 PMCID: PMC7768867 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820980426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive tract in humans. The development of colorectal cancer is composed of multiple stages, starting with benign adenomatous polyps in the inner wall of the large intestine and rectum, and then gradually developing. Then it developed into advanced adenomas carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma. Represents the distant metastasis of the most advanced development. The purpose of this review is to novel routine screening and diagnostic methods (e.g., Endoscopy and CT colonoscopy, SEPT9 methylation assay, Fecal test) and find reliable molecular markers for early diagnosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - You Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yibin Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tangwei Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuiyi Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiqun Chen
- Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenggao Xie
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongxin Lu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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19
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Novel Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers of Prognostic and Predictive Significance in Stage II/III Colorectal Cancer. Mol Ther 2020; 29:587-596. [PMID: 33333293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic strategies of stage II/III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients after curative surgery remain controversial. In the clinical decision-making process, oncologists need to answer questions such as whether adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary or which therapeutic regimen should be given to each patient. At present, whether adjuvant chemotherapy should be applied is primarily based on histopathological features and clinical risk factors. However, only a fraction of patients can benefit from it. More rigorous stratifying biomarkers are urgently needed to help further distinguishing these populations of patients. Recent progress in next-generation sequencing and high-throughput technologies has greatly promoted biomarker discovery as well as our understanding of the underlying mechanisms in CRC. Novel genetic and epigenetic biomarkers that are associated with prognosis or therapeutic responses have emerged. In this review, we discuss the strategies of biomarker discovery and summarize the status and assess the utility of previously published biomarkers in CRC.
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20
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Huang ZZ, Du X, Ma CD, Zhang RR, Gong WL, Liu F. Identification of Antitumor Active Constituents in Polygonatum sibiricum Flower by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS E and Network Pharmacology. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:29755-29764. [PMID: 33251411 PMCID: PMC7689665 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the material basis and mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of Polygonatum sibiricum flower by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE). A compound-protein interaction network for cancer was constructed to identify potential drug targets, and then the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was conducted to elucidate the pathways involved in the antitumor activity of P. sibiricum flower. Subsequently, molecular docking was performed to determine whether the identified proteins are a target of the compounds of P. sibiricum flower. Sixty-four compounds were identified in P. sibiricum flower. Among these, 35 active constituents and 72 corresponding targets were found to be closely associated with the antitumor activity of P. sibiricum flower. By constructing and analyzing the compound-target-pathway network, five key compounds and 10 key targets were obtained. The five key compounds were wogonin, rhamnetin, dauriporphine, chrysosplenetin B, and 5-hydroxyl-7,8-panicolin. The 10 key targets were PIK3CG, AKT1, PTGS1, PTGS2, MAPK14, CCND1, TP53, GSK3B, NOS2, and SCN5A. In addition, 34 antitumor-related pathways were identified using the KEGG pathway analysis. To further verify the results of network pharmacology screening, molecular docking was performed with the five key compounds and the top three targets based on degree ranking, namely, PIK3CG, AKT1, and PTGS2; the results of molecular docking were consistent with those of network pharmacology. P. sibiricum flower can exert its antitumor activity via multicomponent, multitarget, and multichannel mechanisms of action. In this study, we identified the antitumor active constituents of P. sibiricum flower and their potential mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang-zhuang Huang
- Shaanxi
Institute of International Trade & Commence, Xi’an 712046, China
- Shaanxi
Buchang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Xi’an 710075, China
| | - Xia Du
- Shaanxi
Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710003, China
- Center
for Post-Doctoral Studies, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Cun-de Ma
- Shaanxi
Buchang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Xi’an 710075, China
| | - Rui-rui Zhang
- Shaanxi
Institute of International Trade & Commence, Xi’an 712046, China
| | - Wei-ling Gong
- Shaanxi
University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi
Institute of International Trade & Commence, Xi’an 712046, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Green Manufacturing Technology for Traditional
Chinese Medicine in Shaanxi province, Xi’an 710075, China
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21
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Wu X, Yan F, Wang L, Sun G, Liu J, Qu M, Wang Y, Li T. MicroRNA: Another Pharmacological Avenue for Colorectal Cancer? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:812. [PMID: 32984321 PMCID: PMC7493075 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miR) are single-stranded RNA of 21-23 nucleotides in length that repress mRNA translation and induces mRNA degradation. miR acts as an endogenous factor of gene expression and plays a crucial part in cancer biology such as cell development, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Numerous research has indicated that dysregulation of miR associates with colorectal carcinogenesis. In this review article, we firstly introduce the background of miR and colorectal cancer, and the mechanisms of miR in colorectal cancer, such as the proliferation, apoptosis, and progression. Then, we summarize the theranostic value of miR in colorectal cancer. Eventually, we discuss the potential directions and perspectives of miR. This article serves as a guide for further studies and implicate miR as a potent theranostic target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Fuguo Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Xinchang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Xinchang, China
| | - Likun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Guangyuan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Ming Qu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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22
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Ye SB, Cheng YK, Hu JC, Gao F, Lan P. Development and validation of an individualized gene expression-based signature to predict overall survival in metastatic colorectal cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:96. [PMID: 32175389 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.12.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a heterogeneous disease. Predictive biomarkers are in great demand to optimize patient selection at high risk for death and to provide a novel insight into potential targeted therapy. Methods The present study retrospectively analyzed the gene expression profiles of tumor tissue samples from 4 public CRC cohorts, including 1 RNA-Seq data set from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) CRC cohort and 3 microarray data sets from GEO. Prognostic analysis was performed to test the predictive value of prognostic gene signature. Results Of 192 patients, 108 patients (56.3%) were men and median age was 65 years. A prognostic gene signature that consisted of 15 unique genes was generated in the discovery cohort. In the meta-validation cohorts, the signature significantly classified patients into high-risk and low-risk groups with regard to overall survival (OS) in mCRC patients with advanced stage disease and remained as an independent prognostic marker in multivariable analysis (1.57; 95% CI: 1.16-2.11; P=0.003) after adjusting for clinical parameters and molecular types. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that several biological processes, including angiogenesis (P<0.001), epithelial mesenchymal transit (P<0.001) and inflammatory response (P=0.001), were enriched among this prognostic gene signature. Conclusions The proposed prognostic gene signature is a promising prognostic tool to estimate OS in mCRC. Prospective larger studies to examine the clinical utility of the biomarkers to guide individualized treatment of mCRC are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Biao Ye
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yi-Kan Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jian-Cong Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou 510655, China
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23
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Jung G, Hernández-Illán E, Moreira L, Balaguer F, Goel A. Epigenetics of colorectal cancer: biomarker and therapeutic potential. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 17:111-130. [PMID: 31900466 PMCID: PMC7228650 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-019-0230-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, evolves as a result of the stepwise accumulation of a series of genetic and epigenetic alterations in the normal colonic epithelium, leading to the development of colorectal adenomas and invasive adenocarcinomas. Although genetic alterations have a major role in a subset of CRCs, the pathophysiological contribution of epigenetic aberrations in this malignancy has attracted considerable attention. Data from the past couple of decades has unequivocally illustrated that epigenetic marks are important molecular hallmarks of cancer, as they occur very early in disease pathogenesis, involve virtually all key cancer-associated pathways and, most importantly, can be exploited as clinically relevant disease biomarkers for diagnosis, prognostication and prediction of treatment response. In this Review, we summarize the current knowledge on the best-studied epigenetic modifications in CRC, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, as well as the role of non-coding RNAs as epigenetic regulators. We focus on the emerging potential for the bench-to-bedside translation of some of these epigenetic alterations into clinical practice and discuss the burgeoning evidence supporting the potential of emerging epigenetic therapies in CRC as we usher in the era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Jung
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Hernández-Illán
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leticia Moreira
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Balaguer
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain.,;
| | - Ajay Goel
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA.,;
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24
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Xing Y, Jing H, Zhang Y, Suo J, Qian M. MicroRNA-141-3p affected proliferation, chemosensitivity, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by targeting EGFR. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 118:105643. [PMID: 31704502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most often diagnosed cancers globally. MicroRNAs are small RNA molecules that play essential roles in tumorigenesis and progression of CRC. Here we evaluated the effects of miR-141-3p on growth, cetuximab sensitivity, migration and invasion of CRC cells. We found that miR-141-3p negatively regulated the proliferation, migration and invasion in CRC cells. In addition, miR-141-3p enhanced the cetuximab sensitivity of CRC cells by EGFR suppression. Moreover, miR-141-3p improved cetuximab-induced apoptosis in CRC cells. Furthermore, miR-141-3p altered the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, snail and Vimentin, indicating miR-141-3p might play a role on epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Luciferase reporter assay showed that EGFR was the direct binding site of miR-141-3p and the expression levels of p-EGFR, Raf-1, pAKT and p-ERK1/2 were regulated by miR-141-3p. After down-regulation of EGFR by siRNA in CRC cells, the effects of miR-141-3p on proliferation, migration and invasion were reversed. miR-141-3p played important roles in CRC growth and response to cetuximab treatment, and might function as a potential biomarker to predict cetuximab response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Xing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hongyu Jing
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jian Suo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Ming Qian
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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25
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Bai J, Xu J, Zhao J, Zhang R. LncRNA NBR2 suppresses migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by downregulating miRNA-21. Hum Cell 2019; 33:98-103. [PMID: 31571148 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00265-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that lncRNA NBR2 regulates cancer metabolism. We investigated the role of NBR2 in colorectal cancer. We found that NBR2 was downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues than in adjacent healthy tissues. Decreased expression levels of NBR2 in tumor tissues were observed with the increase of clinical stages. MiRNA-21 was upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues than in adjacent healthy tissues, and was significantly and inversely correlated with NBR2. NBR2 overexpression downregulated miRNA-21 in colorectal cancer cells, while miRNA-21 overexpression failed to significantly affect NBR2 expression. NBR2 overexpression suppressed migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. MiRNA-21 overexpression played an opposite role and attenuated the effects of NBR2 overexpression. NBR2 overexpression did not significantly alter cancer cell proliferation. Therefore, lncRNA NBR2 inhibited colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion possibly by downregulating miRNA-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Bai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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26
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MiR-532-3p suppresses colorectal cancer progression by disrupting the ETS1/TGM2 axis-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:739. [PMID: 31570702 PMCID: PMC6768886 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The expression panel of plasma microRNA defined miR-532-3p as a valuable biomarker for colorectal adenoma (CRA). However, its expression pattern and function in colorectal cancer (CRC) have remained unclear. The present study investigated the expression levels of miR-532-3p and found that it was in situ downregulated both in CRA and CRC. Moreover, it functioned as a sensitizer for chemotherapy in CRC by inducing cell cycle arrest and early apoptosis via its activating effects on p53 and apoptotic signaling pathways. In addition, miR-532-3p was found to restrain cell growth, metastasis, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype of CRC. A study on the mechanism behind these effects revealed that miR-532-3p directly binds to 3′UTR regions of ETS1 and TGM2, ultimately repressing the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Further investigation showed that TGM2 was transcriptionally regulated by ETS1 and ETS1/TGM2 axis served as a vital functional target of miR-532-3p in suppressing CRC progression. To conclude, miR-532-3p mimics could act as potential candidate for molecular therapy in CRC through inactivation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling and enhancement of chemosensitivity.
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27
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de Araujo NNF, Lin-Wang HT, Germano JDF, Farsky PS, Feldman A, Rossi FH, Izukawa NM, Higuchi MDL, Savioli Neto F, Hirata MH, Bertolami MC. Dysregulation of microRNAs and target genes networks in human abdominal aortic aneurysm tissues. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222782. [PMID: 31539405 PMCID: PMC6754147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a pathological enlargement of infrarenal aorta close to the aortic bifurcation, and it is an important cause of mortality in the elderly. Therefore, the biomarker identification for early diagnosis is of great interest for clinical benefit. It is known that microRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles via target genes regulation in many diseases. This study aimed to identify miRNAs and their target genes involved in the pathogenesis of AAA. METHODS Tissue samples were obtained from patients who underwent AAA surgery and from organ donors (control group). Quantitative PCR Array was applied to assess 84 genes and 384 miRNAs aiming to identify differentially expressed targets (AAA n = 6, control n = 6), followed by validation in a new cohort (AAA n = 18, control n = 6) by regular qPCR. The functional interaction between validated miRNAs and target genes was performed by the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. RESULTS The screening cohort assessed by PCR array identified 10 genes and 59 miRNAs differentially expressed (≥2-fold change, p<0.05). Among these, IPA identified 5 genes and 9 miRNAs with paired interaction. ALOX5, PTGIS, CX3CL1 genes, and miR-193a-3p, 125b-5p, 150-5p maintained a statistical significance in the validation cohort. IPA analysis based on the validated genes and miRNAs revealed that eicosanoid and metalloproteinase/TIMP synthesis are potentially involved in AAA. CONCLUSION Paired interactions of differentially expressed ALOX5, PTGIS, CX3CL1 genes, and miR-193b-3p, 125b-5p, 150-5p revealed a potentially significant role of the eicosanoid synthesis and metalloproteinase/TIMP pathways in the AAA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Tzu Lin-Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Investigation in Cardiology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Silvio Farsky
- Department of Clinical Cardiology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andre Feldman
- Department of Clinical Cardiology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Henrique Rossi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilo Mitsuru Izukawa
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes Higuchi
- Laboratory of Cardiac Pathology, Heart Institute, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felicio Savioli Neto
- Department of Clinical Cardiology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Laboratory of Molecular Investigation in Cardiology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Competitive Endogenous RNA (ceRNA) Regulation Network of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA in Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:1868-1877. [PMID: 30734239 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05506-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation suggested complex network of all transcript RNAs including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which can act as natural miRNA sponges to inhibit miRNA functions and modulate mRNA expression. Until now, the specific ceRNA regulatory mechanism of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) still remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS RNA sequencing data of 478 colon adenocarcinoma cases and 41 controls as well as 166 rectum adenocarcinoma cases and 10 controls were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to investigate the significant changes of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in colorectal carcinogenesis. The target lncRNAs and mRNAs of miRNAs were predicted by miRWalk. Functional and enrichment analyses were conducted by DAVID database. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network was constructed using Cytoscape. RESULTS We constructed ceRNA regulatory networks including 22 up-regulated lncRNAs, 12 down-regulated miRNAs and 122 up-regulated mRNAs, as well as 8 down-regulated lncRNAs, 43 up-regulated miRNAs and 139 down-regulated mRNAs. The GO enrichment showed that up-regulated genes mainly enriched in biological process including organic anion transport, collagen catabolic process, wound healing, Wnt receptor signalling and in pathways of tyrosine metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, melanogenesis and phenylalanine metabolism. For down-regulated genes, significant enrichment was found in biological process of metal ion homeostasis, transmission of nerve impulse, cell-cell signalling, transmembrane transport and in pathways of ABC transporters, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, retinol metabolism, nitrogen metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis. CONCLUSION We identified significantly altered lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in colorectal carcinogenesis, which might serve as potential biomarkers for tumorigenesis of CRC. In addition, the ceRNA regulatory network of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA was constructed, which would elucidate novel molecular mechanisms involved in initiation and progression of CRC, thus providing promising clues for clinical diagnosis and therapy.
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29
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Yuan Y, Wang Q, Cao F, Han B, Xu L. MiRNA-134 suppresses esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by targeting FOXM1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:2130-2138. [PMID: 31934035 PMCID: PMC6949631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that the dysregulation of miRNAs was closely associated with cancer progression. The aim of this study was to verify whether miR-134, miR-10a, miR-29c, miR-942, miR-93, and miR-218 could inhibit esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell invasion and migration. ESCC tissue and normal esophageal tissue adjacent to carcinoma from patients (54 cases) undergoing surgery were collected. RT-PCR was used to test the expression of miR-134, miR-10a, miR-29c, miR-942, miR-93, and miR-218 in these tissues. In addition, western blot was applied to test the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, COL1A1, COL1A5 and FOXM1. In the vitro experiment, EC9706 cells were transfected with miR-134 mimics, then wound healing was employed to test the migratory ability of EC9706 cells. Transwell chambers was used to test the invasion ability of cells. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, COL1A1, COL1A5, and FOXM1 waas detected by western blot. In order to confirm whether FOXM1-3'-UTR was the target gene of miR-134, we performed a luciferase assay. FOXM1 over-expression plasmid was transfected to further confirm miR-134 played its role by targeting FOXM1. Our results showed that the expression of miR-134 was decreased in the ESCC tissue compared with normal esophageal tissue, (P<0.01), but the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, COL1A1, COL1A5 and FOXM1 were significantly increased (P<0.01). In an in vitro experiment, compared with the mimic control, the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, COL1A1, COL1A5 and FOXM1 were decreased in the miR-134 mimic-transfected EC9706 cells (P<0.01). The migration and invasion activity of EC9706 cells was also decreased after transfection with miR-134 mimics (P<0.01). The luciferase activity of the FOXM1-3'-UTR plasmid was significantly suppressed by miR-134 (P<0.01). Overexpression of FOXM1 abrogated miR-134-mediated inhibition of EC9706 cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, miR-134 inhibited EC9706 cell migration and invasion by targeting FOXM1. miR-134 may be a novel treatment target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 971 Hospital of The Chinese People’s Liberation ArmyQingdao 266000, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longqiang Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
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Huang L, Zhang Y, Li Z, Zhao X, Xi Z, Chen H, Shi H, Xin T, Shen R, Wang T. MiR-4319 suppresses colorectal cancer progression by targeting ABTB1. United European Gastroenterol J 2019; 7:517-528. [PMID: 31065369 PMCID: PMC6488794 DOI: 10.1177/2050640619837440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer is one of the highly malignant cancers with a poor prognosis. The exact mechanism of colorectal cancer progression is not completely known. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) were suggested to participate in the regulation of multiple cancer development, including colorectal cancer. Methods MiR-4319 expression in colorectal cancer patient samples was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. MiR-4319 was knocked down in the colorectal cancer cells by siRNA transfection to study the role of miR-4319 in the cell cycle and proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. Results MiR-4319 expression was found to be inverse correlated with survival in colorectal cancer patients. Overexpression of miR-4319 markedly reduced the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells and altered cell cycle distribution. A further experiment showed that ABTB1 is the target gene of miR-4319. MiR-4319 was regulated by PLZF. Conclusion Our studies indicated that reduced expression of miR-4319 was correlated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients; miR-4319 also suppressed colorectal cancer cell proliferation by targeting ABTB1. ABTB1 might become an excellent therapeutic target for colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi
People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Zengyao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi
People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | | | - Zhong Xi
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing,
China
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi
People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing,
China
| | - Haoze Shi
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing,
China
| | | | | | - Tong Wang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing,
China
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi
People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
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Monteleone NJ, Moore AE, Iacona JR, Lutz CS, Dixon DA. miR-21-mediated regulation of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in colon cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5405. [PMID: 30931980 PMCID: PMC6443653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels are observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and this increase is associated with poor prognosis. Increased synthesis of PGE2 in CRC has been shown to occur through COX-2-dependent mechanisms; however, loss of the PGE2-catabolizing enzyme, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH, HPGD), in colonic tumors contributes to increased prostaglandin levels and poor patient survival. While loss of 15-PGDH can occur through transcriptional mechanisms, we demonstrate that 15-PGDH can be additionally regulated by a miRNA-mediated mechanism. We show that 15-PGDH and miR-21 are inversely correlated in CRC patients, with increased miR-21 levels associating with low 15-PGDH expression. 15-PGDH can be directly regulated by miR-21 through distinct sites in its 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), and miR-21 expression in CRC cells attenuates 15-PGDH and promotes increased PGE2 levels. Additionally, epithelial growth factor (EGF) signaling suppresses 15-PGDH expression while simultaneously enhancing miR-21 levels. miR-21 inhibition represses CRC cell proliferation, which is enhanced with EGF receptor (EGFR) inhibition. These findings present a novel regulatory mechanism of 15-PGDH by miR-21, and how dysregulated expression of miR-21 may contribute to loss of 15-PGDH expression and promote CRC progression via increased accumulation of PGE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Monteleone
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | | | - Joseph R Iacona
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Carol S Lutz
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
| | - Dan A Dixon
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. .,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
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Varkaris A, Katsiampoura A, Davis JS, Shah N, Lam M, Frias RL, Ivan C, Shimizu M, Morris J, Menter D, Overman M, Tran H, Heymach J, Chun YS, Vauthey JN, Calin G, Kopetz S. Circulating inflammation signature predicts overall survival and relapse-free survival in metastatic colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:340-345. [PMID: 30636774 PMCID: PMC6353894 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0360-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a highly heterogeneous disease from a clinical, molecular, and immunological perspective. Current predictive models rely primarily in tissue based genetic analysis, which not always correlate with inflammatory response. Here we evaluated the role of a circulating inflammatory signature as a prognostic marker in mCRC. METHODS Two hundred eleven newly diagnosed patients with mCRC were enrolled in the study. One hundred twenty-one patients had unresectable metastases, whereas ninety patients had potentially resectable liver metastases at presentation. Analysis of miR-21, IL-6, and IL-8 in the plasma of peripheral blood was performed at baseline. Patients with high circulating levels of ≥2 of the three inflammation markers (miR-21, IL-6, and IL-8) were considered to have the "Inflammation phenotype-positive CISIG". RESULTS Positive CISIG was found in 39/90 (43%) and 50/121 (45%) patients in the resectable and unresectable cohort, respectively. In the resectable population the median relapse-free survival was 18.4 compared to 31.4 months (p = 0.001 HR 2.09, 95% CI 1.2-3.67) for positive vs. negative CISIG. In contrast, the individual components were not significant. In the same population the median overall survival was 46.2 compared to 66.0 months (p = 0.0003, HR 2.57, 95% CI 1.26-5.27) for positive vs. negative CISIG, but not significant for the individual components. In the unresectable population, the median overall survival was 13.5 compared to 25.0 months (p = 0.0008, HR 2.49, 95% CI 1.46-4.22) for positive vs. negative CISIG. IL-6 was independently prognostic with overall survival of 16.2 compared to 27.0 months (p = 0.004, HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.24-3.11) for high vs. low IL-6, but not the other components. Using a Cox regression model, we demonstrated that CISIG is an independent predictive marker of survival in patients with unresectable disease (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2, 2.8, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION In two different cohorts, we demonstrated that CISIG is a strong prognostic factor of relapse-free and overall survival of patients with mCRC. Based on these data, analysis of circulating inflammatory signaling can be complimentary to traditional molecular testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Varkaris
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anastasia Katsiampoura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Davis
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neeraj Shah
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Lam
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rosa Lizeth Frias
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Masayoshi Shimizu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, Division of Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Overman
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hai Tran
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology - Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yun Shin Chun
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Section, Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Section, Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Early modifications of circulating microRNAs levels in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with regorafenib. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2019; 19:455-464. [PMID: 30686821 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-019-0075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers able to improve the cost/benefit ratio are urgently needed for metastatic colorectal cancer patients that are eligible to receive regorafenib. Here, we measured plasma levels of ten circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) and we investigated their early changes during treatment, as well as possible correlation with clinical outcome. Ten literature-selected c-miRNAs were quantified by qRT-PCR on plasma samples collected at baseline (d1) and after 15 days of treatment (d15). C-miRNAs showing significant changes were further analyzed to establish correlations with outcome. A decision tree-based approach was employed to define a c-miRNA signature able to predict the outcome. Results achieved in an exploratory cohort were tested in a validation group. In the exploratory cohort (n = 34), the levels of c-miR-21 (p = 0.06), c-miR-141 (p = 0.04), and c-miR-601 (p = 0.01) increased at d15 compared with d1. A c-miRNA signature involving c-miR-21, c-miR-221, and c-miR-760 predicted response to treatment (p < 0.0001) and was significantly associated to PFS (HR = 10.68; 95% CI 3.2-35.65; p < 0.0001). In the validation cohort (n = 36), the increase in c-miR-21 (p = 0.02) and c-miR-601 (p = 0.02) levels at d15 was confirmed, but the associations with outcome were not. Our data indicate that early changes of c-miRNA levels might be influenced by regorafenib treatment. However, further studies are needed to establish the predictive power of such modifications.
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Boriachek K, Umer M, Islam MN, Gopalan V, Lam AK, Nguyen NT, Shiddiky MJA. An amplification-free electrochemical detection of exosomal miRNA-21 in serum samples. Analyst 2019; 143:1662-1669. [PMID: 29512659 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01843f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that small non-coding RNAs such as microRNA (miRNA) encapsulated in exosomes represent an important mechanism of communication between the cells. Exosomal miRNAs play an important role in carcinogenesis via enhancing the cell to cell communication and targeting the cell growth molecular pathways which in turn facilitate metastasis in cancers. Despite progressive advances, the current methods for the exosomal miRNA detection mostly rely on labor-intensive sequencing approaches which are often prone to amplification bias and require costly and bulky equipment. Herein, we report an electrochemical approach for the detection of cancer-derived exosomal miRNAs in human serum samples by selectively isolating the target miRNA using magnetic beads pre-functionalized with capture probes and then directly adsorbing the targets onto a gold electrode surface. The level of adsorbed miRNA is detected electrochemically in the presence of an [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- redox system. This method enabled an excellent detection sensitivity of 1.0 pM with a relative standard deviation (%RSD) of <5.5% in cancer cells and serum samples (n = 8) collected from patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC). We believe that our approach could be useful in clinical settings for the quantification of exosomal miRNA in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniia Boriachek
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia.
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35
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Ding T, Cui P, Zhou Y, Chen C, Zhao J, Wang H, Guo M, He Z, Xu L. Antisense Oligonucleotides against miR-21 Inhibit the Growth and Metastasis of Colorectal Carcinoma via the DUSP8 Pathway. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 13:244-255. [PMID: 30317164 PMCID: PMC6187053 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating research has documented that microRNA-21 (miR-21) plays an important role in the development of human colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Our recent work also showed that antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) against miR-21 can impair the growth of CRC cells in vitro. However, the potential role of miR-21 in gene therapy against CRC remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we further observed the effect of ASOs against miR-21 on the growth and metastasis of CRC in vivo using a xenograft model of human CRC. We found that ASOs could effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of CRC in vivo, accompanied by downregulated expression of miR-21 and reduced transduction of the AKT and ERK pathway. Mechanically, global gene expression analysis showed that the expression of DUSP8, a novel target of miR-21, was upregulated in tumor mass. Furthermore, overexpression of DUSP8 could remarkably suppress the proliferation and migration of CRC cells in vitro. Finally, downregulation of DUSP8 could abrogate the effects of ASOs against miR-21 on the proliferation and migration of CRC cells, as well as altered transduction of the AKT and ERK signaling pathway. Together, these data suggest that ASOs against miRNAs are an attractive and potential therapeutic for the treatment of human CRC and warrant further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ding
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Panpan Cui
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Department of Medical Physics, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Zhixu He
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China.
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Bahreyni A, Rezaei M, Bahrami A, Khazaei M, Fiuji H, Ryzhikov M, Ferns GA, Avan A, Hassanian SM. Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potency of microRNA 21 in the pathogenesis of colon cancer, current status and prospective. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8075-8081. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Bahreyni
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Melika Rezaei
- Department of Biology Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Afsane Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Medical Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Hamid Fiuji
- Department of Biochemistry Payame‐Noor University Mashhad Iran
| | - Mikhail Ryzhikov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Washington University, School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri
| | - Gordon A. Ferns
- Division of Medical Education Brighton & Sussex Medical School Brighton Sussex UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Kral J, Korenkova V, Novosadova V, Langerova L, Schneiderova M, Liska V, Levy M, Veskrnova V, Spicak J, Opattova A, Jiraskova K, Vymetalkova V, Vodicka P, Slyskova J. Expression profile of miR-17/92 cluster is predictive of treatment response in rectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:1359-1367. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kral
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vlasta Korenkova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Novosadova
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Division BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Langerova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | | | - Vaclav Liska
- Department of Surgery, Teaching Hospital and Medical School of Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Levy
- Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Veskrnova
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julius Spicak
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Opattova
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Jiraskova
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Slyskova
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Long J, Yin Y, Guo H, Li S, Sun Y, Zeng C, Zhu W. The mechanisms and clinical significance of PDCD4 in colorectal cancer. Gene 2018; 680:59-64. [PMID: 30243936 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been on a global upward trend. There is an urgent need for effective tools to prevent and treat CRC and reduce morbidity and mortality of CRC patients. Recent evidence suggests that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a novel tumor suppressor gene, inhibits tumor progression at transcriptional and translational levels and regulates multiple signal transduction pathways. However, little is known about the precise mechanisms regulating PDCD4 expression in CRC. In addition, several studies have demonstrated that the expression of in CRC is down-regulated or even absent. PDCD4 is therefore considered to be an independent prognostic factor in CRC and may be a potential support diagnostic tool for distinguishing in normal colon tissue, benign adenoma and CRC. This review will focus on the expression of PDCD4 in CRC and the relevant molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Long
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuting Yin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haina Guo
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan 523013, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuling Li
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanqin Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China.
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Bookland M, Tang-Schomer M, Gillan E, Kolmakova A. Circulating serum oncologic miRNA in pediatric juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma patients predicts mural nodule volume. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2018; 160:1571-1581. [PMID: 29911246 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-018-3589-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas represent the largest group of pediatric brain tumors. The ideal management for these tumors is early, total surgical resection. To detect and track treatment response, a screening tool is needed to identify patients for surgical evaluation and assess the quality of treatment. The identification of aberrant miRNA profiles in the sera of juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma patients could provide such a screening tool. METHODS The authors reviewed the serum profiles of 84 oncologically relevant miRNAs in pediatric juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma patients via qPCR screening. RESULTS miR-21, miR-15b, miR-23a, and miR-146b were significantly elevated in the sera of JPA patients as compared to non-oncologic controls, oncologic controls, and post-JPA resection samples (p < 0.001, 0.022, 0.034, 0.044). miR-21 had the highest AUC on ROC analysis (AUC > 0.99, sensitivity 75%, specificity 100%). All four miRNAs also correlated well with tumor mural nodule size, though they only poorly correlated with total tumor size, including cystic components (Spearman's R2: miR-21 91.7 vs 6.9%, miR-15b 86.3 vs 23.1%, miR-23a 85.8 vs 23.0%, miR-146b 59.8 vs 11.9%). CONCLUSION In this small pilot study, pediatric juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma patients had significant elevations in serum miR-21, miR-15b, miR-23a, and miR-146b levels that do not appear to be driven by hydrocephalus or local distortion of the intracranial contents. These alterations correlate with solid tumor component volume and reverse with complete tumor resection, suggesting that this serum miRNA profile may delineate biomarkers for screening and tracking juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma patients. Additional studies, with a larger cohort, are needed to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bookland
- Division of Neurosurgery, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington St, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA.
| | - Min Tang-Schomer
- Division of Neurosurgery, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington St, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
- The Jackson Laboratory, 299 Farmington Ave, Farmington, 06032, CT, USA
| | - Eileen Gillan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington St, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
| | - Antonina Kolmakova
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
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40
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Gao S, Zhao ZY, Wu R, Zhang Y, Zhang ZY. Prognostic value of microRNAs in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:907-929. [PMID: 29750053 PMCID: PMC5935085 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s157493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have shown that miRNA levels are closely related to the survival time of patients with colon, rectal, or colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the outcomes of different investigations have been inconsistent. Accordingly, a meta-analysis was conducted to study associations among the three types of cancers. Materials and methods Studies published in English that estimated the expression levels of miRNAs with survival curves in CRC were identified until May 20, 2017 by online searches in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library by two independent authors. Pooled HRs with 95% CIs were used to estimate the correlation between miRNA expression and overall survival. Results A total of 63 relevant articles regarding 13 different miRNAs, with 10,254 patients were ultimately included. CRC patients with high expression of blood miR141 (HR 2.52, 95% CI 1.68-3.77), tissue miR21 (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.12-1.53), miR181a (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.26-1.83), or miR224 (HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.04-4.34), or low expression of tissue miR126 (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.24-1.93) had significantly poor overall survival (P<0.05). Conclusion In general, blood miR141 and tissue miR21, miR181a, miR224, and miR126 had significant prognostic value. Among these, blood miR141 and tissue miR224 were strong biomarkers of prognosis for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
| | - Zhi-Ying Zhao
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang
| | - Rong Wu
- Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
| | - Yue Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen-Yong Zhang
- Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
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41
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Shi L, Li X, Wu Z, Li X, Nie J, Guo M, Mei Q, Han W. DNA methylation-mediated repression of miR-181a/135a/302c expression promotes the microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer development and 5-FU resistance via targeting PLAG1. J Genet Genomics 2018; 45:205-214. [PMID: 29735329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) defines a subtype of colorectal cancer (CRC) with typical clinicopathologic characteristics. CRCs with MSI (MSI CRCs) frequently acquire accelerated carcinogenesis and 5-FU resistance, and the exact underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Our previous study has identified the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile in MSI CRCs. In this study, three miRNAs (miR-181a, miR-135a and miR-302c) were validated by qRT-PCR to be dramatically decreased in 67 CRC samples. Proliferation and apoptosis assays demonstrated that miR-181a/135a/302c function as tumor suppressors via repressing PLAG1/IGF2 signaling. Moreover, we presented compelling evidence that restoration of miR-181a/135a/302c expression promoted sensitivity of MSI CRC cells to 5-FU treatment. miR-181a/135a/302c exerted their effect on chemoresistance through attenuating PLAG1 expression. Notably, the hypermethylation status of MSI CRC accounts for the decrements of miR-181a/135a/302c. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of chemoresistance in MSI CRCs, and provide a clue for digging the biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Shi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Mingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Qian Mei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China.
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100086, China.
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42
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Ahrend H, Kaul A, Ziegler S, Brandenburg LO, Zimmermann U, Mustea A, Burchardt M, Ziegler P, Stope MB. MicroRNA-1 and MicroRNA-21 Individually Regulate Cellular Growth of Non-malignant and Malignant Renal Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 31:625-630. [PMID: 28652429 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Due to its poor prognosis, it is increasingly necessary to understand the biology of renal cell cancer (RCC). Therefore, we investigated the role of microRNAs miR-1 and miR-21 in the growth of RCC cells compared to that of non-malignant renal cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four malignant cell lines (Caki-1, 786-O, RCC4, A498) were examined regarding their cell growth, microRNA and telomerase expression, and were compared to non-malignant RC-124 renal cells. RESULTS Inconsistencies appeared in the panel of RCC cells regarding antiproliferative and proliferative properties of miR-1 and miR-21, respectively. Notably, and most likely due to immortaliziation, non-malignant RC-124 cells exhibited telomerase expression and activity. CONCLUSION miR-1 and miR-21 functionality in cancer progression, particularly in tumor growth, may be more dependent on the individual cellular context and may reflect RCC heterogeneity. Thus, both microRNAs, in combination with other stratifying biomarkers, may be useful in terms of RCC diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Ahrend
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anne Kaul
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Susanne Ziegler
- Institute for Occupational and Social Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Zimmermann
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander Mustea
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Burchardt
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Patrick Ziegler
- Institute for Occupational and Social Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias B Stope
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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43
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Grassi A, Perilli L, Albertoni L, Tessarollo S, Mescoli C, Urso EDL, Fassan M, Rugge M, Zanovello P. A coordinate deregulation of microRNAs expressed in mucosa adjacent to tumor predicts relapse after resection in localized colon cancer. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:17. [PMID: 29386021 PMCID: PMC5791208 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to 20% of colorectal cancer (CRC) node-negative patients develop loco-regional or distant recurrences within 5 years from surgery. No predictive biomarker able to identify the node-negative subjects at high risk of relapse after curative treatment is presently available.Forty-eight localized (i.e. stage I-II) colon cancer patients who underwent radical tumor resection were considered. The expression of five miRNAs, involved in CRC progression, was investigated by qRT-PCR in both tumor tissue and matched normal colon mucosa.Interestingly, we found that the coordinate deregulation of four miRNAs (i.e. miR-18a, miR-21, miR-182 and miR-183), evaluated in the normal mucosa adjacent to tumor, is predictive of relapse within 55 months from curative surgery.Our results, if confirmed in independent studies, may help to identify high-risk patients who could benefit most from adjuvant therapy. Moreover, this work highlights the importance of extending the search for tissue biomarkers also to the tumor-adjacent mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Grassi
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy.
| | - Lisa Perilli
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy. .,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Laura Albertoni
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sofia Tessarollo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Mescoli
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Fassan
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Zanovello
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy. .,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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44
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Deng Y, Ma W. Metformin inhibits HaCaT cell viability via the miR-21/PTEN/Akt signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:4062-4066. [PMID: 29286158 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial preclinical evidence has indicated out a direct anti‑proliferation effect of metformin on various solid tumors; however, further and more detailed exploration into its molecular mechanism remains to be performed. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on cell viability and its underlying mechanism, in the cultured human skin keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT. In addition, it aimed to clarify the role of the microRNA-21(miR-21)/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (Akt) signaling pathway, which has been hypothesized to be involved in the molecular mechanism of this drug. Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays were used to assess the impact of metformin on cell viability; reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify the expression of miR‑21; western blotting was used to monitor the expression level of PTEN and Akt proteins. In addition, miR‑21 expression levels were artificially manipulated in HaCaT cells using a miR‑21 inhibitor in order to observe the subsequent expression changes of miR‑21 targets and alterations in cell viability. The results indicated that metformin suppressed HaCaT cell growth in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner (P<0.05). Metformin treatment downregulated miR‑21 expression (t=‑8.903, P<0.05). Following transfection with the miR‑21 inhibitor, HaCaT cell growth was significantly slower than in the control groups (P<0.05). In addition, reduced miR‑21 levels results in significantly increased PTEN protein expression levels and reduced Akt protein expression levels compared with control (P<0.05). Metformin was, therefore, concluded to inhibit HaCaT cell growth in a time‑and dose‑dependent manner, and the miR‑21/PTEN/Akt signaling pathway may serve a crucial role in the molecular mechanism of metformin's effect on HaCaT cells. Therefore the present study presents an advanced insight into the potential inhibitory effect of metformin on tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Deng
- Hypertension Center of Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, P.R. China
| | - Weiyuan Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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45
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Aznar MA, Labiano S, Diaz-Lagares A, Molina C, Garasa S, Azpilikueta A, Etxeberria I, Sanchez-Paulete AR, Korman AJ, Esteller M, Sandoval J, Melero I. CD137 (4-1BB) Costimulation Modifies DNA Methylation in CD8+ T Cell–Relevant Genes. Cancer Immunol Res 2017; 6:69-78. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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46
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Masuda T, Hayashi N, Kuroda Y, Ito S, Eguchi H, Mimori K. MicroRNAs as Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9090124. [PMID: 28902152 PMCID: PMC5615339 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9090124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small RNAs that repress mRNA translation, resulting in the degradation of mRNAs and regulation of the expression levels of various genes. Recent studies have shown that aberrant miR expression has a functional role in the initiation and progression of various malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC), which is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. miRs have also been shown to have applications as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers because of their high tissue specificity, stability, and altered expression in tumor development. In this report, we examined the role of miRs as biomarkers in CRC through a review of meta-analyses and large-scale analyses having strong statistical confidence in the study outcomes. We also discuss current issues in the clinical application of these miRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874-0838, Japan.
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874-0838, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Kuroda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874-0838, Japan.
| | - Shuhei Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874-0838, Japan.
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874-0838, Japan.
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546 Tsurumihara, Beppu 874-0838, Japan.
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47
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Conde-Muiño R, Cano C, Sánchez-Martín V, Herrera A, Comino A, Medina PP, Palma P, Cuadros M. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer: the sensitizer role of the association between miR-375 and c-Myc. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82294-82302. [PMID: 29137264 PMCID: PMC5669890 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Administration of chemoradiation before tumor resection has revolutionized the management of locally advanced rectal cancer, but many patients have proven resistant to this preoperative therapy. Our group recently reported a negative correlation between c-Myc gene expression and this resistance. In the present study, integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles was conducted in 45 pre-treatment rectal tumors in order to analyze the expressions of miRNAs and c-Myc and their relationship with clinicopathological factors and patient survival. Twelve miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed by responders and non-responders to the chemoradiation. Functional classification revealed an association between the differentially expressed miRNAs and c-Myc. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that miRNA-148 and miRNA-375 levels were both significantly lower in responders than in non-responders. Notably, a significant negative correlation was found between miRNA-375 expression and c-Myc expression. According to these findings, miRNA-375 and its targeted c-Myc may be useful as a predictive biomarker of the response to neoadjuvant treatment in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Conde-Muiño
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Cano
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Victoria Sánchez-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Herrera
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Comino
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro P Medina
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Palma
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Cuadros
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
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48
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Singh MP, Rai S, Suyal S, Singh SK, Singh NK, Agarwal A, Srivastava S. Genetic and epigenetic markers in colorectal cancer screening: recent advances. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2017; 17:665-685. [PMID: 28562109 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1337511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogenous disease which develops from benign intraepithelial lesions known as adenomas to malignant carcinomas. Acquired alterations in Wnt signaling, TGFβ, MAPK pathway genes and clonal propagation of altered cells are responsible for this transformation. Detection of adenomas or early stage cancer in asymptomatic patients and better prognostic and predictive markers is important for improving the clinical management of CRC. Area covered: In this review, the authors have evaluated the potential of genetic and epigenetic alterations as markers for early detection, prognosis and therapeutic predictive potential in the context of CRC. We have discussed molecular heterogeneity present in CRC and its correlation to prognosis and response to therapy. Expert commentary: Molecular marker based CRC screening methods still fail to gain trust of clinicians. Invasive screening methods, molecular heterogeneity, chemoresistance and low quality test samples are some key challenges which need to be addressed in the present context. New sequencing technologies and integrated omics data analysis of individual or population cohort results in GWAS. MPE studies following a GWAS could be future line of research to establish accurate correlations between CRC and its risk factors. This strategy would identify most reliable biomarkers for CRC screening and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Pratap Singh
- a Department of Biotechnology , Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT) Allahabad , India
| | - Sandhya Rai
- a Department of Biotechnology , Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT) Allahabad , India
| | - Shradha Suyal
- a Department of Biotechnology , Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT) Allahabad , India
| | - Sunil Kumar Singh
- a Department of Biotechnology , Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT) Allahabad , India
| | - Nand Kumar Singh
- a Department of Biotechnology , Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT) Allahabad , India
| | - Akash Agarwal
- b Department of Surgical Oncology , Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences (DRMLIMS) , Lucknow , India
| | - Sameer Srivastava
- a Department of Biotechnology , Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT) Allahabad , India
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49
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Nishihara R, Glass K, Mima K, Hamada T, Nowak JA, Qian ZR, Kraft P, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS, Chan AT, Quackenbush J, Ogino S, Onnela JP. Biomarker correlation network in colorectal carcinoma by tumor anatomic location. BMC Bioinformatics 2017. [PMID: 28623901 PMCID: PMC5474023 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-017-1718-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal carcinoma evolves through a multitude of molecular events including somatic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and aberrant protein expression, influenced by host immune reactions. One way to interrogate the complex carcinogenic process and interactions between aberrant events is to model a biomarker correlation network. Such a network analysis integrates multidimensional tumor biomarker data to identify key molecular events and pathways that are central to an underlying biological process. Due to embryological, physiological, and microbial differences, proximal and distal colorectal cancers have distinct sets of molecular pathological signatures. Given these differences, we hypothesized that a biomarker correlation network might vary by tumor location. Results We performed network analyses of 54 biomarkers, including major mutational events, microsatellite instability (MSI), epigenetic features, protein expression status, and immune reactions using data from 1380 colorectal cancer cases: 690 cases with proximal colon cancer and 690 cases with distal colorectal cancer matched by age and sex. Edges were defined by statistically significant correlations between biomarkers using Spearman correlation analyses. We found that the proximal colon cancer network formed a denser network (total number of edges, n = 173) than the distal colorectal cancer network (n = 95) (P < 0.0001 in permutation tests). The value of the average clustering coefficient was 0.50 in the proximal colon cancer network and 0.30 in the distal colorectal cancer network, indicating the greater clustering tendency of the proximal colon cancer network. In particular, MSI was a key hub, highly connected with other biomarkers in proximal colon cancer, but not in distal colorectal cancer. Among patients with non-MSI-high cancer, BRAF mutation status emerged as a distinct marker with higher connectivity in the network of proximal colon cancer, but not in distal colorectal cancer. Conclusion In proximal colon cancer, tumor biomarkers tended to be correlated with each other, and MSI and BRAF mutation functioned as key molecular characteristics during the carcinogenesis. Our findings highlight the importance of considering multiple correlated pathways for therapeutic targets especially in proximal colon cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12859-017-1718-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Nishihara
- Program of MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Kimberly Glass
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kosuke Mima
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Nowak
- Program of MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhi Rong Qian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Quackenbush
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program of MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jukka-Pekka Onnela
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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50
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Pettit C, Walston S, Wald P, Webb A, Williams TM. Molecular profiling of locally-advanced rectal adenocarcinoma using microRNA expression (Review). Int J Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28627602 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment for locally-advanced rectal cancer (LARC) typically consists of neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by total mesorectal excision. Recently, there has been growing interest in non-operative management for patients who are medically-inoperable or wish to avoid surgical morbidity and permanent colostomy. Approximately 50% of patients who receive pre-operative neoadjuvant chemoradiation develop some degree of pathologic response. Approximately 10-20% of patients are found to have a complete pathologic response, a finding which has frequently been shown to predict better clinical outcomes, including local-regional control, distant metastasis and survival. Many recent studies have evaluated the role of molecular biomarkers in predicting response to neoadjuvant therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an emerging class of biomarkers that have the potential to predict which patients are most likely to benefit from pre-operative therapy and from a selective surgical approach. Here, we review the published literature on microRNAs as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in rectal cancer after pre-operative therapy. In the future, the development of prospectively validated miRNA signatures will allow clinical implementation of miRNAs as prognostic and predictive signatures in LARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Pettit
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steve Walston
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Patrick Wald
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Amy Webb
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Terence M Williams
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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