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Alicea GM, Patel P, Portuallo ME, Fane ME, Wei M, Chhabra Y, Dixit A, Carey AE, Wang V, Rocha MR, Behera R, Speicher DW, Tang HY, Kossenkov AV, Rebecca VW, Wirtz D, Weeraratna AT. Age-Related Increases in IGFBP2 Increase Melanoma Cell Invasion and Lipid Synthesis. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1908-1918. [PMID: 39007351 PMCID: PMC11295880 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Aged patients with melanoma (>65 years old) have more aggressive disease relative to young patients (<55 years old) for reasons that are not completely understood. Analysis of the young and aged secretome from human dermal fibroblasts identified >5-fold levels of IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) in the aged fibroblast secretome. IGFBP2 functionally triggers upregulation of the PI3K-dependent fatty acid biosynthesis program in melanoma cells. Melanoma cells co-cultured with aged dermal fibroblasts have higher levels of lipids relative to those co-cultured with young dermal fibroblasts, which can be lowered by silencing IGFBP2 expression in fibroblasts prior to treating with conditioned media. Conversely, ectopically treating melanoma cells with recombinant IGFBP2 in the presence of conditioned media from young fibroblasts or overexpressing IGFBP2 in melanoma cells promoted lipid synthesis and accumulation in melanoma cells. Treatment of young mice with rIGFBP2 increases tumor growth. Neutralizing IGFBP2 in vitro reduces migration and invasion in melanoma cells, and in vivo studies demonstrate that neutralizing IGFBP2 in syngeneic aged mice reduces tumor growth and metastasis. Our results suggest that aged dermal fibroblasts increase melanoma cell aggressiveness through increased secretion of IGFBP2, stressing the importance of considering age when designing studies and treatment. SIGNIFICANCE The aged microenvironment drives metastasis in melanoma cells. This study reports that IGFBP2 secretion by aged fibroblasts induces lipid accumulation in melanoma cells, driving an increase in tumor invasiveness. Neutralizing IGFBP2 decreases melanoma tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen M. Alicea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Payal Patel
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Marie E. Portuallo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Mitchell E. Fane
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
- The Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Meihan Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Yash Chhabra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
- The Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Agrani Dixit
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Alexis E. Carey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Vania Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Murilo R. Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Reeti Behera
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | | | | | | | - Vito W. Rebecca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Denis Wirtz
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Ashani T. Weeraratna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Zheng X, Jing J, Yuan M, Liu N, Song Y. Contribution of gene polymorphisms on 3p25 to salivary gland carcinoma, ameloblastoma, and odontogenic keratocyst in the Chinese Han population. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2023; 136:220-230. [PMID: 37495273 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the contribution of gene polymorphisms in 3p25 to salivary gland carcinoma (SGC), ameloblastoma (AM), and odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) in the Chinese Han population. STUDY DESIGN Sixteen tag-single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 5 genes (SYN2, TIMP4, PPARG, RAF1, and IQSEC1) in 3p25 were genotyped in 411 individuals with or without SGC, AM, and OKC. Genotype, clinical phenotype, and bioinformatics analyses were performed to evaluate the function of candidate SNPs. RESULTS SYN2-rs3773364, TIMP4-rs3755724, PPARG-rs10865710, and PPARG-rs1175544 were related to decreased SGC susceptibility, whereas IQSEC1-rs2600322 and IQSEC1-rs2686742 decreased and increased AM risk, respectively. Stratification analysis revealed that the significance of the identified SNPs was stronger in females or individuals younger than 46 years in SGC. PPARG-rs10865710 and PPARG-rs1175544 were associated with lower lymph node metastasis. SYN2-rs3773364 and PPARG-rs1175544 were associated with favorable SGC patient survival. Functional assessments linked PPARG-rs1175544 to PPARG expression regulation. Linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed a haplotype (SYN2-rs3773364-A, TIMP4-rs3817004-A, and TIMP4-rs3755724-C) associated with decreased susceptibility to SGC. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis indicated the gene-gene interactions among IQSEC1, TIMP4, and PPARG in SGC, AM, and OKC progression. CONCLUSIONS These variants play important roles in the progression of SGC, AM, and OKC in the Chinese Han population and may be considered biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaojiao Jing
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Minyan Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nianke Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaling Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Alicea GM, Portuallo ME, Patel P, Fane ME, Carey AE, Speicher D, Tang HY, Kossenkov AV, Rebecca VW, Wirtz DG, Weeraratna AT. Age-related increases in IGFBP2 increase melanoma cell invasion and lipid synthesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.02.539059. [PMID: 37205503 PMCID: PMC10187234 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.02.539059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Aged melanoma patients (>65 years old) have more aggressive disease relative to young patients (<55 years old) for reasons that are not completely understood. Analysis of the young and aged secretome from human dermal fibroblasts identified >5-fold levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) in the aged fibroblast secretome. IGFBP2 functionally triggers upregulation of the PI3K-dependent fatty acid biosynthesis program in melanoma cells through increases in FASN. Melanoma cells co-cultured with aged dermal fibroblasts have higher levels of lipids relative to young dermal fibroblasts, which can be lowered by silencing IGFBP2 expression in fibroblasts, prior to treating with conditioned media. Conversely, ectopically treating melanoma cells with recombinant IGFBP2 in the presence of conditioned media from young fibroblasts, promoted lipid synthesis and accumulation in the melanoma cells. Neutralizing IGFBP2 in vitro reduces migration and invasion in melanoma cells, and in vivo studies demonstrate that neutralizing IGFBP2 in syngeneic aged mice, ablates tumor growth as well as metastasis. Conversely, ectopic treatment of young mice with IGFBP2 in young mice increases tumor growth and metastasis. Our data reveal that aged dermal fibroblasts increase melanoma cell aggressiveness through increased secretion of IGFBP2, stressing the importance of considering age when designing studies and treatment. Significance The aged microenvironment drives metastasis in melanoma cells. This study reports that IGFBP2 secretion by aged fibroblasts induces FASN in melanoma cells and drives metastasis. Neutralizing IGFBP2 decreases melanoma tumor growth and metastasis.
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Zhang LY, Liu XY, Su AC, Hu YY, Zhang JG, Xian XH, Li WB, Zhang M. Klotho Upregulation via PPARγ Contributes to the Induction of Brain Ischemic Tolerance by Cerebral Ischemic Preconditioning in Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:1355-1367. [PMID: 35900650 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP)-induced brain ischemic tolerance protects neurons from subsequent lethal ischemic insult. However, the specific mechanisms underlying CIP remain unclear. In the present study, we explored the hypothesis that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) participates in the upregulation of Klotho during the induction of brain ischemic tolerance by CIP. First we investigated the expression of Klotho during the brain ischemic tolerance induced by CIP. Lethal ischemia significantly decreased Klotho expression from 6 h to 7 days, while CIP significantly increased Klotho expression from 12 h to 7 days in the hippocampal CA1 region. Inhibition of Klotho expression by its shRNA blocked the neuroprotection induced by CIP. These results indicate that Klotho participates in brain ischemic tolerance by CIP. Furthermore, we tested the role of PPARγ in regulating Klotho expression after CIP. CIP caused PPARγ protein translocation to the nucleus in neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Pretreatment with GW9962, a PPARγ inhibitor, significantly attenuated the upregulation of Klotho protein and blocked the brain ischemic tolerance induced by CIP. Taken together, it can be concluded that Klotho upregulation via PPARγ contributes to the induction of brain ischemic tolerance by CIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xi-Yun Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - A-Chou Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yan Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing-Ge Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Xian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen-Bin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, China.
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The potential therapeutic effect of klotho on cell viability in human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:191. [PMID: 36071274 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Klotho is an anti-aging, anti-inflammator, and anti-oxidative protein and has been shown to important role in tumorigenesis, proliferation, survival, autophagy, and resistance to tumor suppressor effects in several types of human cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate possible anti-tümör and apoptotic effects of exogen klotho in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) and healthy colon cells (CCD 841 CoN). The WST-8 test was used to determine the half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the klotho protein. AO-PI fluorescent staining techniques and Annexin V-PI flow cytometry was utilized to observe and detect the apoptosis of cancer cells induced by klotho. Our results demonstrated that klotho had a cytotoxic effect against colorectal adenocarcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Our Annexin V-PI flow cytometric and AO-PI fluorescent analyses showed that klotho induced quantitative and morphological changes that indicate apoptotic induction in the human colorectal adenocarcinoma. This study results proved for the first time that klotho may be an effective potential therapeutic agent that may be used in adjuvant therapy in human colorectal adenocarcinoma it does not affect selectively healthy colon cells and but leading cancer cells to apoptosis.
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El-Helbawy NF, El Zowalaty AE. Identification of Age-Associated Transcriptomic Changes Linked to Immunotherapy Response in Primary Melanoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4118-4131. [PMID: 36135194 PMCID: PMC9497511 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44090282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a lethal form of skin cancer. Immunotherapeutic agents such as anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab) and anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) have revolutionized melanoma treatment; however, drug resistance is rapidly acquired. Several studies have reported an increase in melanoma rates in older patients. Thus, the impact of ageing on transcriptional profiles of melanoma and response to immunotherapy is essential to understand. In this study, the bioinformatic analysis of RNA seq data of old and young melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy identifies the significant upregulation of extra-cellular matrix and cellular adhesion genes in young cohorts, while genes involved in cell proliferation, inflammation, non-canonical Wnt signaling and tyrosine kinase receptor ROR2 are significantly upregulated in the old cohort. Several Treg signature genes as well as transcription factors that are associated with dysfunctional T cell tumor infiltration are differentially expressed. The differential expression of several genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis and glutamine metabolism is also observed. Taken together, this study provides novel findings on the impact of ageing on transcriptional changes in melanoma, and novel therapeutic targets for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal Farid El-Helbawy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ezat El Zowalaty
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Wang X, Wang Z, Wang Q, Wang B. Modulatory effect of euxanthone in liver cancer-bearing obese mice: crosstalk between PPARγ and TIMP3 signalling axes. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:464. [PMID: 34745815 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the prominent cancer-associated fatal diseases with > 80% of cases befall in low-middle resource nations worldwide. In the current study, we studied the effect of euxanthone (EUX) on obesity-associated liver cancer using a high-fat diet-fed mouse model of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-provoked hepatocellular carcinoma. Mice with 2 weeks of age were intraperitoneally injected with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) 25 mg/kg b.w. After 4 weeks, the mice were divided into four groups with low-fat diet (LFD), high-fat diet (HFD), and EUX treatment groups with or without PPARγ inhibitor (GW9662). We observed that TIMP3, E-cadherin, and Klotho expressions were downmodulated, while MMP9, ADAM17, and Wnt signalling biofactors (Wnt5a, Wnt3a and β-catenin) were upmodulated in the HFD groups. Nevertheless, these aberrations were reciprocated by the treatment with EUX; at the same time, co-administration of PPARγ inhibitor ablated the anti-cancer effects of EUX, indicating that PPARγ activation is a pivotal mechanism underpinning the negative regulation of oncogenic factors by EUX. Together, these results imply that EUX might be a viable therapeutic option in the treatment of obesity-associated hepatocarcinogenesis.
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8
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Enhancement of Apo2L/TRAIL signaling pathway receptors by the activation of Klotho gene with CRISPR/Cas9 in Caco-2 colon cancer cells. Med Oncol 2021; 38:146. [PMID: 34687379 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human Klotho gene has many known functions such as anti-aging and anti-tumor, and decreased expression of this gene causes malignant formations in most types of cancer, including colon cancer. Interacting with TRAIL death receptors (DR4 and DR5) induces an apoptotic effect in cancer treatments by reducing the proliferation of cancer cells. The present study aimed to investigate downstream effect of overexpression of Klotho gene, which is known to have an antitumor effect on resistant human colon cancer cells, by examining its action on TRAIL death and decoy (DcR1 and DcR2) receptors for the first time. For this purpose, upregulation of human Klotho gene was achieved with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated system in resistant human colon cancer Caco-2 cells. To determine the effect of upregulation of Klotho gene on cancer cells evaluations with flow cytometry, WST-8, qRT-PCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. Then, Klotho gene was knocked out and its apoptotic effect was tested to find out whether it is due to overexpression of Klotho gene or not. Our results indicate that overexpression of Klotho gene in Caco-2 cells via CRISPR/Cas9-sensitized TRAIL death receptor DR4 suppresses the proliferation of cells by leading to apoptosis. Thus, this study conducted on apoptosis-resistant colon cancer cells may bring new insights about the role of Klotho gene in colon cancer.
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Chen Z, Xiong L, Jin H, Yu J, Li X, Fu H, Wen L, Qi H, Tong C, Saffery R, Kilby MD, Baker PN. Advanced maternal age causes premature placental senescence and malformation via dysregulated α-Klotho expression in trophoblasts. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13417. [PMID: 34105233 PMCID: PMC8282245 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced maternal age (AMA) pregnancy is associated with higher risks of adverse perinatal outcomes, which may result from premature senescence of the placenta. α-Klotho is a well-known antiaging protein; however, its expression and effect on the placenta in AMA pregnancies have not yet been fully elucidated. The expression patterns of α-Klotho in mouse and human placentas from AMA pregnancies were determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. α-Klotho expression in JAR cells was manipulated to investigate its role in trophoblastic senescence, and transwell assays were performed to assess trophoblast invasion. The downstream genes regulated by α-Klotho in JAR cells were first screened by mRNA sequencing in α-Klotho-knockdown and control JAR cells and then validated. α-Klotho-deficient mice were generated by injecting klotho-interfering adenovirus (Ad-Klotho) via the tail vein on GD8.5. Ablation of α-Klotho resulted in not only a senescent phenotype and loss of invasiveness in JAR cells but also a reduction in the transcription of cell adhesion molecule (CAM) genes. Overexpression of α-Klotho significantly improved invasion but did not alter the expression of senescence biomarkers. α-Klotho-deficient mice exhibited placental malformation and, consequently, lower placental and fetal weights. In conclusion, AMA results in reduced α-Klotho expression in placental trophoblasts, therefore leading to premature senescence and loss of invasion (possibly through the downregulation of CAMs), both of which ultimately result in placental malformation and adverse perinatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Liling Xiong
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Huili Jin
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jiaxiao Yu
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xin Li
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Huijia Fu
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Li Wen
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Chao Tong
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Richard Saffery
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Cancer, Disease and Developmental epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Mark D. Kilby
- Centre for Women's and Newborn HealthInstitute of Metabolism and Systems ResearchUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Philip N. Baker
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
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10
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Islam Z, Ali AM, Naik A, Eldaw M, Decock J, Kolatkar PR. Transcription Factors: The Fulcrum Between Cell Development and Carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:681377. [PMID: 34195082 PMCID: PMC8236851 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.681377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher eukaryotic development is a complex and tightly regulated process, whereby transcription factors (TFs) play a key role in controlling the gene regulatory networks. Dysregulation of these regulatory networks has also been associated with carcinogenesis. Transcription factors are key enablers of cancer stemness, which support the maintenance and function of cancer stem cells that are believed to act as seeds for cancer initiation, progression and metastasis, and treatment resistance. One key area of research is to understand how these factors interact and collaborate to define cellular fate during embryogenesis as well as during tumor development. This review focuses on understanding the role of TFs in cell development and cancer. The molecular mechanisms of cell fate decision are of key importance in efforts towards developing better protocols for directed differentiation of cells in research and medicine. We also discuss the dysregulation of TFs and their role in cancer progression and metastasis, exploring TF networks as direct or indirect targets for therapeutic intervention, as well as specific TFs’ potential as biomarkers for predicting and monitoring treatment responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyaul Islam
- Diabetes Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ameena Mohamed Ali
- Diabetes Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Adviti Naik
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Eldaw
- Diabetes Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Julie Decock
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Prasanna R Kolatkar
- Diabetes Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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11
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Haussler MR, Livingston S, Sabir ZL, Haussler CA, Jurutka PW. Vitamin D Receptor Mediates a Myriad of Biological Actions Dependent on Its 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Ligand: Distinct Regulatory Themes Revealed by Induction of Klotho and Fibroblast Growth Factor-23. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10432. [PMID: 33553988 PMCID: PMC7839824 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The hormonal vitamin D metabolite, 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D], produced in kidney, acts in numerous end organs via the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) to trigger molecular events that orchestrate bone mineral homeostasis. VDR is a ligand‐controlled transcription factor that obligatorily heterodimerizes with retinoid X receptor (RXR) to target vitamin D responsive elements (VDREs) in the vicinity of vitamin D‐regulated genes. Circulating 1,25(OH)2D concentrations are governed by PTH, an inducer of renal D‐hormone biosynthesis catalyzed by CYP27B1 that functions as the key player in a calcemic endocrine circuit, and by fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF23), a repressor of the CYP27B1 renal enzyme, creating a hypophosphatemic endocrine loop. 1,25(OH)2D/VDR–RXR acts in kidney to induce Klotho (a phosphaturic coreceptor for FGF23) to correct hyperphosphatemia, NPT2a/c to correct hypophosphatemia, and TRPV5 and CaBP28k to enhance calcium reabsorption. 1,25(OH)2D‐liganded VDR–RXR functions in osteoblasts/osteocytes by augmenting RANK‐ligand expression to paracrine signal osteoclastic bone resorption, while simultaneously inducing FGF23, SPP1, BGLP, LRP5, ANK1, ENPP1, and TNAP, and conversely repressing RUNX2 and PHEX expression, effecting localized control of mineralization to sculpt the skeleton. Herein, we document the history of 1,25(OH)2D/VDR and summarize recent advances in characterizing their physiology, biochemistry, and mechanism of action by highlighting two examples of 1,25(OH)2D/VDR molecular function. The first is VDR‐mediated primary induction of Klotho mRNA by 1,25(OH)2D in kidney via a mechanism initiated by the docking of liganded VDR–RXR on a VDRE at −35 kb in the mouse Klotho gene. In contrast, the secondary induction of FGF23 by 1,25(OH)2D in bone is proposed to involve rapid nongenomic action of 1,25(OH)2D/VDR to acutely activate PI3K, in turn signaling the induction of MZF1, a transcription factor that, in cooperation with c‐ets1‐P, binds to an enhancer element centered at −263 bp in the promoter‐proximal region of the mouse fgf23 gene. Chronically, 1,25(OH)2D‐induced osteopontin apparently potentiates MZF1. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Haussler
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix Phoenix AZ
| | - Sarah Livingston
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Arizona State University Glendale AZ
| | - Zhela L Sabir
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Arizona State University Glendale AZ
| | - Carol A Haussler
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix Phoenix AZ
| | - Peter W Jurutka
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix Phoenix AZ.,School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Arizona State University Glendale AZ
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12
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Kawarazaki W, Mizuno R, Nishimoto M, Ayuzawa N, Hirohama D, Ueda K, Kawakami-Mori F, Oba S, Marumo T, Fujita T. Salt causes aging-associated hypertension via vascular Wnt5a under Klotho deficiency. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4152-4166. [PMID: 32597829 DOI: 10.1172/jci134431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a high prevalence of hypertension due to elevated susceptibility of BP to dietary salt, but its mechanism is unknown. Serum levels of Klotho, an anti-aging factor, decline with age. We found that high salt (HS) increased BP in aged mice and young heterozygous Klotho-knockout mice and was associated with increased vascular expression of Wnt5a and p-MYPT1, which indicate RhoA activity. Not only the Wnt inhibitor LGK974 and the Wnt5a antagonist Box5 but Klotho supplementation inhibits HS-induced BP elevation, similarly to the Rho kinase inhibitor fasudil, associated with reduced p-MYPT1 expression in both groups of mice. In cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, Wnt5a and angiotensin II (Ang II) increased p-MYPT1 expression but knockdown of Wnt5a with siRNA abolished Ang II-induced upregulation of p-MYPT1, indicating that Wnt5a is indispensable for Ang II-induced Rho/ROCK activation. Notably, Klotho inhibited Wnt5a- and Ang II-induced upregulation of p-MYPT1. Consistently, Klotho supplementation ameliorated HS-induced augmentation of reduced renal blood flow (RBF) response to intra-arterial infusion of Ang II and the thromboxane A2 analog U46619, which activated RhoA in both groups of mice and were associated with the inhibition of BP elevation, suggesting that abnormal response of RBF to Ang II contributes to HS-induced BP elevation. Thus, Klotho deficiency underlies aging-associated salt-sensitive hypertension through vascular non-canonical Wnt5a/RhoA activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Kawarazaki
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risuke Mizuno
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Ehime, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Nishimoto
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ayuzawa
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daigoro Hirohama
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Ueda
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Kawakami-Mori
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Oba
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Marumo
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Fujita
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Shinshu University School of Medicine and.,Research Center for Social Systems, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
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13
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Ewendt F, Feger M, Föller M. Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) and αKlotho in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:601006. [PMID: 33520985 PMCID: PMC7841205 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.601006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Together with fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) 19 and 21, FGF23 is an endocrine member of the family of FGFs. Mainly secreted by bone cells, FGF23 acts as a hormone on the kidney, stimulating phosphate excretion and suppressing formation of 1,25(OH)2D3, active vitamin D. These effects are dependent on transmembrane protein αKlotho, which enhances the binding affinity of FGF23 for FGF receptors (FGFR). Locally produced FGF23 in other tissues including liver or heart exerts further paracrine effects without involvement of αKlotho. Soluble Klotho (sKL) is an endocrine factor that is cleaved off of transmembrane Klotho or generated by alternative splicing and regulates membrane channels, transporters, and intracellular signaling including insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and Wnt pathways, signaling cascades highly relevant for tumor progression. In mice, lack of FGF23 or αKlotho results in derangement of phosphate metabolism and a syndrome of rapid aging with abnormalities affecting most organs and a very short life span. Conversely, overexpression of anti-aging factor αKlotho results in a profound elongation of life span. Accumulating evidence suggests a major role of αKlotho as a tumor suppressor, at least in part by inhibiting IGF-1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Hence, in many malignancies, higher αKlotho expression or activity is associated with a more favorable outcome. Moreover, also FGF23 and phosphate have been revealed to be factors relevant in cancer. FGF23 is particularly significant for those forms of cancer primarily affecting bone (e.g., multiple myeloma) or characterized by bone metastasis. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the significance of FGF23 and αKlotho for tumor cell signaling, biology, and clinically relevant parameters in different forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Ewendt
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Martina Feger
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Föller
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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14
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Menefee DS, McMasters A, Pan J, Li X, Xiao D, Waigel S, Zacharias W, Rai SN, McMasters KM, Hao H. Age-related transcriptome changes in melanoma patients with tumor-positive sentinel lymph nodes. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:24914-24939. [PMID: 33373316 PMCID: PMC7803563 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Age is an important factor for determining the outcome of melanoma patients. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is also a strong predictor of survival for melanoma. Paradoxically, older melanoma patients have a lower incidence of SLN metastasis but a higher mortality rate when compared with their younger counterparts. The mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon remain unknown. This study uses three independent datasets of RNA samples from patients with melanoma metastatic to the SLN to identify age-related transcriptome changes in SLNs and their association with outcome. Microarray was applied to the first dataset of 97 melanoma patients. NanoString was performed in the second dataset to identify the specific immune genes and pathways that are associated with recurrence in younger versus older patients. qRT-PCR analysis was used in the third dataset of 36 samples to validate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from microarray and NanoString. These analyses show that FOS, NR4A, and ITGB1 genes were significantly higher in older melanoma patients with positive SLNs. IRAK3- and Wnt10b-related genes are the major pathways associated with recurrent melanoma in younger and older patients with tumor-positive SLNs, respectively. This study aims to elucidate age-related differences in SLNs in the presence of nodal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Menefee
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Austin McMasters
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Jianmin Pan
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Deyi Xiao
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Sabine Waigel
- Genomics Facility, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Wolfgang Zacharias
- Genomics Facility, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.,Department of Medicine, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Shesh N Rai
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Kelly M McMasters
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Hongying Hao
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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15
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Fane M, Weeraratna AT. Normal Aging and Its Role in Cancer Metastasis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a037341. [PMID: 31615864 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the most common cause of death, with treatments failing to provide a durable response. Aging is a key prognostic factor in many cancers. Emerging data suggest that normal age-related changes in the tumor microenvironment can contribute to metastatic progression. These changes encompass secreted factors, biophysical changes, and changes in both stromal and immune cell populations. These data also highlight the importance of conducting studies in preclinical models of appropriate age. Ultimately, therapies may also need to be tailored to reflect patient age, as markers of metastatic disease differ in young and aged populations. In this review, we will discuss some of the changes that occur during aging that increase the metastatic capacity of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Fane
- The Wistar Institute, Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Ashani T Weeraratna
- The Wistar Institute, Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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16
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Gajos-Michniewicz A, Czyz M. WNT Signaling in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4852. [PMID: 32659938 PMCID: PMC7402324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT-signaling controls important cellular processes throughout embryonic development and adult life, so any deregulation of this signaling can result in a wide range of pathologies, including cancer. WNT-signaling is classified into two categories: β-catenin-dependent signaling (canonical pathway) and β-catenin-independent signaling (non-canonical pathway), the latter can be further divided into WNT/planar cell polarity (PCP) and calcium pathways. WNT ligands are considered as unique directional growth factors that contribute to both cell proliferation and polarity. Origin of cancer can be diverse and therefore tissue-specific differences can be found in WNT-signaling between cancers, including specific mutations contributing to cancer development. This review focuses on the role of the WNT-signaling pathway in melanoma. The current view on the role of WNT-signaling in cancer immunity as well as a short summary of WNT pathway-related drugs under investigation are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Malgorzata Czyz
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92–215 Lodz, Poland;
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17
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Camara AB, Brandao IA. The Role of Vitamin D and Sunlight Incidence in Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1418-1436. [PMID: 30864510 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190312123212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (VD) deficiency affects individuals of different ages in many countries. VD deficiency may be related to several diseases, including cancer. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to review the relationship between VD deficiency and cancer. METHODS We describe the proteins involved in cancer pathogenesis and how those proteins can be influenced by VD deficiency. We also investigated a relationship between cancer death rate and solar radiation. RESULTS We found an increased bladder cancer, breast cancer, colon-rectum cancer, lung cancer, oesophagus cancer, oral cancer, ovary cancer, pancreas cancer, skin cancer and stomach cancer death rate in countries with low sunlight. It was also observed that amyloid precursor protein, ryanodine receptor, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1, and receptor for advanced glycation end products are associated with a worse prognosis in cancer. While the Klotho protein and VD receptor are associated with a better prognosis in the disease. Nfr2 is associated with both worse and better prognosis in cancer. CONCLUSION The literature suggests that VD deficiency might be involved in cancer progression. According to sunlight data, we can conclude that countries with low average sunlight have high cancers death rate. New studies involving transcriptional and genomic data in combination with VD measurement in long-term experiments are required to establish new relationships between VD and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice B Camara
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59064-741, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Igor A Brandao
- Metrópole Digital Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Natal/RN, Brazil
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18
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Heudobler D, Lüke F, Vogelhuber M, Klobuch S, Pukrop T, Herr W, Gerner C, Pantziarka P, Ghibelli L, Reichle A. Anakoinosis: Correcting Aberrant Homeostasis of Cancer Tissue-Going Beyond Apoptosis Induction. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1408. [PMID: 31921665 PMCID: PMC6934003 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current approach to systemic therapy for metastatic cancer is aimed predominantly at inducing apoptosis of cancer cells by blocking tumor-promoting signaling pathways or by eradicating cell compartments within the tumor. In contrast, a systems view of therapy primarily considers the communication protocols that exist at multiple levels within the tumor complex, and the role of key regulators of such systems. Such regulators may have far-reaching influence on tumor response to therapy and therefore patient survival. This implies that neoplasia may be considered as a cell non-autonomous disease. The multi-scale activity ranges from intra-tumor cell compartments, to the tumor, to the tumor-harboring organ to the organism. In contrast to molecularly targeted therapies, a systems approach that identifies the complex communications networks driving tumor growth offers the prospect of disrupting or "normalizing" such aberrant communicative behaviors and therefore attenuating tumor growth. Communicative reprogramming, a treatment strategy referred to as anakoinosis, requires novel therapeutic instruments, so-called master modifiers to deliver concerted tumor growth-attenuating action. The diversity of biological outcomes following pro-anakoinotic tumor therapy, such as differentiation, trans-differentiation, control of tumor-associated inflammation, etc. demonstrates that long-term tumor control may occur in multiple forms, inducing even continuous complete remission. Accordingly, pro-anakoinotic therapies dramatically extend the repertoire for achieving tumor control and may activate apoptosis pathways for controlling resistant metastatic tumor disease and hematologic neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heudobler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lüke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Vogelhuber
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Klobuch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Pukrop
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Institut for Analytical Chemistry, Faculty Chemistry, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pan Pantziarka
- The George Pantziarka TP53 Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department Biology, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Albrecht Reichle
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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19
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Webster MR, Fane ME, Alicea GM, Basu S, Kossenkov AV, Marino GE, Douglass SM, Kaur A, Ecker BL, Gnanapradeepan K, Ndoye A, Kugel C, Valiga A, Palmer J, Liu Q, Xu X, Morris J, Yin X, Wu H, Xu W, Zheng C, Karakousis GC, Amaravadi RK, Mitchell TC, Almeida FV, Xiao M, Rebecca VW, Wang YJ, Schuchter LM, Herlyn M, Murphy ME, Weeraratna AT. Paradoxical Role for Wild-Type p53 in Driving Therapy Resistance in Melanoma. Mol Cell 2019; 77:633-644.e5. [PMID: 31836388 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is an aggressive disease, despite recent improvements in therapy. Eradicating all melanoma cells even in drug-sensitive tumors is unsuccessful in patients because a subset of cells can transition to a slow-cycling state, rendering them resistant to most targeted therapy. It is still unclear what pathways define these subpopulations and promote this resistant phenotype. In the current study, we show that Wnt5A, a non-canonical Wnt ligand that drives a metastatic, therapy-resistant phenotype, stabilizes the half-life of p53 and uses p53 to initiate a slow-cycling state following stress (DNA damage, targeted therapy, and aging). Inhibiting p53 blocks the slow-cycling phenotype and sensitizes melanoma cells to BRAF/MEK inhibition. In vivo, this can be accomplished with a single dose of p53 inhibitor at the commencement of BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy. These data suggest that taking the paradoxical approach of inhibiting rather than activating wild-type p53 may sensitize previously resistant metastatic melanoma cells to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie R Webster
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A.; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA.
| | - Mitchell E Fane
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Gretchen M Alicea
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A.; University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Subhasree Basu
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Gloria E Marino
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Stephen M Douglass
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Amanpreet Kaur
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A.; University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brett L Ecker
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A.; Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Keerthana Gnanapradeepan
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Graduate Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Abibatou Ndoye
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A.; University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Curtis Kugel
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Alexander Valiga
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Jessica Palmer
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Qin Liu
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jessicamarie Morris
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Xiangfan Yin
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hong Wu
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cathy Zheng
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Giorgos C Karakousis
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tara C Mitchell
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Filipe V Almeida
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Min Xiao
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Vito W Rebecca
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Ying-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Lynn M Schuchter
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Tara Miller Melanoma Center at Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Meenhard Herlyn
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - Maureen E Murphy
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ashani T Weeraratna
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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20
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Role of Klotho in Chronic Calcineurin Inhibitor Nephropathy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1825018. [PMID: 31772699 PMCID: PMC6854173 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1825018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are the most popular immunosuppressants in organ transplantation, but nephrotoxicity is a major concern. The common mechanism underlying chronic CNI nephropathy is oxidative stress, and the process of chronic CNI nephropathy is similar to that of aging. Current studies provide evidence that antiaging Klotho protein plays an important role in protecting against oxidative stress, and its signaling is a target for preventing oxidative stress-induced aging process. In this review, we focus on the association between Klotho and oxidative stress and the protective mechanism of action of Klotho against oxidative stress in chronic CNI nephropathy. In addition, we discuss the delivery strategy for Klotho in CNI-induced nephropathy.
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21
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Zou Y, Watters A, Cheng N, Perry CE, Xu K, Alicea GM, Parris JLD, Baraban E, Ray P, Nayak A, Xu X, Herlyn M, Murphy ME, Weeraratna AT, Schug ZT, Chen Q. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from Astrocytes Activate PPARγ Signaling in Cancer Cells to Promote Brain Metastasis. Cancer Discov 2019; 9:1720-1735. [PMID: 31578185 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastasis, the most lethal form of melanoma and carcinoma, is the consequence of favorable interactions between the invading cancer cells and the brain cells. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) has ambiguous functions in cancer development, and its relevance in advanced brain metastasis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that astrocytes, the unique brain glial cells, activate PPARγ in brain metastatic cancer cells. PPARγ activation enhances cell proliferation and metastatic outgrowth in the brain. Mechanistically, astrocytes have a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids that act as "donors" of PPARγ activators to the invading cancer cells. In clinical samples, PPARγ signaling is significantly higher in brain metastatic lesions. Notably, systemic administration of PPARγ antagonists significantly reduces brain metastatic burden in vivo. Our study clarifies a prometastatic role for PPARγ signaling in cancer metastasis in the lipid-rich brain microenvironment and argues for the use of PPARγ blockade to treat brain metastasis. SIGNIFICANCE: Brain-tropic cancer cells take advantage of the lipid-rich brain microenvironment to facilitate their proliferation by activating PPARγ signaling. This protumor effect of PPARγ in advanced brain metastases is in contrast to its antitumor function in carcinogenesis and early metastatic steps, indicating that PPARγ has diverse functions at different stages of cancer development.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1631.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Zou
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea Watters
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nan Cheng
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Caroline E Perry
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ke Xu
- MD/PhD Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gretchen M Alicea
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua L D Parris
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ezra Baraban
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pulak Ray
- Delaware Neurosurgical Group, ChristianaCare Health System, Newark, Delaware
| | - Anupma Nayak
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Meenhard Herlyn
- Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maureen E Murphy
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashani T Weeraratna
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zachary T Schug
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Qing Chen
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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22
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Echevarría-Vargas IM, Reyes-Uribe PI, Guterres AN, Yin X, Kossenkov AV, Liu Q, Zhang G, Krepler C, Cheng C, Wei Z, Somasundaram R, Karakousis G, Xu W, Morrissette JJ, Lu Y, Mills GB, Sullivan RJ, Benchun M, Frederick DT, Boland G, Flaherty KT, Weeraratna AT, Herlyn M, Amaravadi R, Schuchter LM, Burd CE, Aplin AE, Xu X, Villanueva J. Co-targeting BET and MEK as salvage therapy for MAPK and checkpoint inhibitor-resistant melanoma. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201708446. [PMID: 29650805 PMCID: PMC5938620 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite novel therapies for melanoma, drug resistance remains a significant hurdle to achieving optimal responses. NRAS‐mutant melanoma is an archetype of therapeutic challenges in the field, which we used to test drug combinations to avert drug resistance. We show that BET proteins are overexpressed in NRAS‐mutant melanoma and that high levels of the BET family member BRD4 are associated with poor patient survival. Combining BET and MEK inhibitors synergistically curbed the growth of NRAS‐mutant melanoma and prolonged the survival of mice bearing tumors refractory to MAPK inhibitors and immunotherapy. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis revealed that combining BET and MEK inhibitors mitigates a MAPK and checkpoint inhibitor resistance transcriptional signature, downregulates the transcription factor TCF19, and induces apoptosis. Our studies demonstrate that co‐targeting MEK and BET can offset therapy resistance, offering a salvage strategy for melanomas with no other therapeutic options, and possibly other treatment‐resistant tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam N Guterres
- Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiangfan Yin
- Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew V Kossenkov
- Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gao Zhang
- Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Clemens Krepler
- Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chaoran Cheng
- College of Computing Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Zhi Wei
- College of Computing Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | | - Giorgos Karakousis
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Jd Morrissette
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yiling Lu
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryan J Sullivan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miao Benchun
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dennie T Frederick
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Genevieve Boland
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith T Flaherty
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ashani T Weeraratna
- Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meenhard Herlyn
- Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ravi Amaravadi
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lynn M Schuchter
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christin E Burd
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew E Aplin
- Department of Cancer Biology and Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessie Villanueva
- Molecular & Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA .,Melanoma Research Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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23
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Adding Oral Pioglitazone to Standard Induction Chemotherapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2019; 19:206-212. [PMID: 30770307 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothesis of an effect by thiazolidinedione on leukemia cells was proposed 2 decades ago, but there is little clinical evidence regarding its efficacy. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of adding pioglitazone to standard induction chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). PATIENTS AND METHODS In this randomized clinical trial, newly diagnosed AML patients were randomized to 1 of 2 groups. Patients in both groups received cytarabine (100 mg/m2 per day for 7 days) and daunorubicin (60 mg/m2 per day for 3 days). Patients in the pioglitazone group additionally received oral pioglitazone (45 mg per day). The 2 groups were compared according to remission rate, laboratory findings, and adverse events during treatment. RESULTS Forty patients were evaluated, 20 patients in each group. The complete remission rate was 20% more in the pioglitazone group compared to the control group (P = .202). Complications due to pioglitazone discontinuation were observed in 2 cases. The mean serum alanine aminotransferase in the fourth treatment week was significantly more in pioglitazone group compared to the control group (65.5 vs. 33.6 mg/dL, P = .039). The mean serum creatinine in all treatment phases was significantly higher in the pioglitazone group compared to the control group (P < .05). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding other laboratory findings (P > .05). CONCLUSION Adding pioglitazone to cytarabine and daunorubicin increased the remission rate in AML patients compared to control subjects. Although this difference in remission rate between the 2 groups was not statistically significant, it could be important in the clinical setting. Pioglitazone may provide benefits as an adjuvant therapy for AML patients without causing serious adverse events.
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24
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Kaur A, Ecker BL, Douglass SM, Kugel CH, Webster MR, Almeida FV, Somasundaram R, Hayden J, Ban E, Ahmadzadeh H, Franco-Barraza J, Shah N, Mellis IA, Keeney F, Kossenkov A, Tang HY, Yin X, Liu Q, Xu X, Fane M, Brafford P, Herlyn M, Speicher DW, Wargo JA, Tetzlaff MT, Haydu LE, Raj A, Shenoy V, Cukierman E, Weeraratna AT. Remodeling of the Collagen Matrix in Aging Skin Promotes Melanoma Metastasis and Affects Immune Cell Motility. Cancer Discov 2019; 9:64-81. [PMID: 30279173 PMCID: PMC6328333 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-18-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Physical changes in skin are among the most visible signs of aging. We found that young dermal fibroblasts secrete high levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents, including proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and cartilage-linking proteins. The most abundantly secreted was HAPLN1, a hyaluronic and proteoglycan link protein. HAPLN1 was lost in aged fibroblasts, resulting in a more aligned ECM that promoted metastasis of melanoma cells. Reconstituting HAPLN1 inhibited metastasis in an aged microenvironment, in 3-D skin reconstruction models, and in vivo. Intriguingly, aged fibroblast-derived matrices had the opposite effect on the migration of T cells, inhibiting their motility. HAPLN1 treatment of aged fibroblasts restored motility of mononuclear immune cells, while impeding that of polymorphonuclear immune cells, which in turn affected regulatory T-cell recruitment. These data suggest that although age-related physical changes in the ECM can promote tumor cell motility, they may adversely affect the motility of some immune cells, resulting in an overall change in the immune microenvironment. Understanding the physical changes in aging skin may provide avenues for more effective therapy for older patients with melanoma. SIGNIFICANCE: These data shed light on the mechanochemical interactions that occur between aged skin, tumor, and immune cell populations, which may affect tumor metastasis and immune cell infiltration, with implications for the efficacy of current therapies for melanoma.See related commentary by Marie and Merlino, p. 19.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanpreet Kaur
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James Hayden
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ehsan Ban
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hossein Ahmadzadeh
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Neelima Shah
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ian A Mellis
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Xiangfan Yin
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Qin Liu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer A Wargo
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Lauren E Haydu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Arjun Raj
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Vivek Shenoy
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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25
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Lim SW, Shin YJ, Luo K, Quan Y, Ko EJ, Chung BH, Yang CW. Effect of Klotho on autophagy clearance in tacrolimus‐induced renal injury. FASEB J 2018; 33:2694-2706. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800751r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Woo Lim
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic DiseaseSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
- Transplant Research CenterCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Shin
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic DiseaseSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
- Transplant Research CenterCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Kang Luo
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic DiseaseSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
- Transplant Research CenterCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Yi Quan
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic DiseaseSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
- Transplant Research CenterCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Ko
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic DiseaseSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
- Transplant Research CenterCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of Internal MedicineSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Byung Ha Chung
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic DiseaseSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
- Transplant Research CenterCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of Internal MedicineSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic DiseaseSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
- Transplant Research CenterCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of Internal MedicineSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineCatholic University of KoreaSeoulSouth Korea
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26
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Pich C, Meylan P, Mastelic-Gavillet B, Nguyen TN, Loyon R, Trang BK, Moser H, Moret C, Goepfert C, Hafner J, Levesque MP, Romero P, Jandus C, Michalik L. Induction of Paracrine Signaling in Metastatic Melanoma Cells by PPARγ Agonist Rosiglitazone Activates Stromal Cells and Enhances Tumor Growth. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6447-6461. [PMID: 30185551 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In addition to improving insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes, the thiazolidinedione family of compounds and the pharmacologic activation of their best-characterized target PPARγ have been proposed as a therapeutic option for cancer treatment. In this study, we reveal a new mode of action for the thiazolidinedione rosiglitazone that can contribute to tumorigenesis. Rosiglitazone activated a tumorigenic paracrine communication program in a subset of human melanoma cells that involves the secretion of cytokines, chemokines, and angiogenic factors. This complex blend of paracrine signals activated nonmalignant fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages in a tumor-friendly way. In agreement with these data, rosiglitazone promoted human melanoma development in xenografts, and tumors exposed to rosiglitazone exhibited enhanced angiogenesis and inflammation. Together, these findings establish an important tumorigenic action of rosiglitazone in a subset of melanoma cells. Although studies conducted on cohorts of diabetic patients report overall benefits of thiazolidinediones in cancer prevention, our data suggest that exposure of established tumors to rosiglitazone may be deleterious.Significance: These findings uncover a novel mechanism by which the thiazolidinedione compound rosiglitazone contributes to tumorigenesis, thus highlighting a potential risk associated with its use in patients with established tumors. Cancer Res; 78(22); 6447-61. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Pich
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Meylan
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Beatris Mastelic-Gavillet
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thanh Nhan Nguyen
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romain Loyon
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bao Khanh Trang
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Moser
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Moret
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Goepfert
- COMPATH, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Hafner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camilla Jandus
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Michalik
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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27
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Mencke R, Olauson H, Hillebrands JL. Effects of Klotho on fibrosis and cancer: A renal focus on mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 121:85-100. [PMID: 28709936 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Klotho is a membrane-bound protein predominantly expressed in the kidney, where it acts as a permissive co-receptor for Fibroblast Growth Factor 23. In its shed form, Klotho exerts anti-fibrotic effects in several tissues. Klotho-deficient mice spontaneously develop fibrosis and Klotho deficiency exacerbates the disease progression in fibrotic animal models. Furthermore, Klotho overexpression or supplementation protects against fibrosis in various models of renal and cardiac fibrotic disease. These effects are mediated at least partially by the direct inhibitory effects of soluble Klotho on TGFβ1 signaling, Wnt signaling, and FGF2 signaling. Soluble Klotho, as present in the circulation, appears to be the primary mediator of anti-fibrotic effects. Similarly, through inhibition of the TGFβ1, Wnt, FGF2, and IGF1 signaling pathways, Klotho also inhibits tumorigenesis. The Klotho promoter gene is generally hypermethylated in cancer, and overexpression or supplementation of Klotho has been found to inhibit tumor growth in various animal models. This review focuses on the protective effects of soluble Klotho in inhibiting renal fibrosis and fibrosis in distant organs secondary to renal Klotho deficiency. We also discuss the structure-function relationships of Klotho domains and biological effects in the context of potential targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik Mencke
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology (Division of Pathology), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hannes Olauson
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (Division of Renal Medicine), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology (Division of Pathology), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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