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Chen G, Cong LH, Gu CJ, Li P. Correlation between TEX14 and ADAM17 expressions in colorectal cancer tissues of elderly patients and neoplasm staging, invasion, and metastasis. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5492-5501. [PMID: 39188605 PMCID: PMC11269982 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i24.5492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently encountered malignant tumors in clinical settings. Proteins encoded by the testis-expressed gene 14 (TEX14) are imperative for spermatogenesis, necessitating intercellular bridges between germ cells. Anomalous expression of TEX14 has also been associated with the proliferation and differentiation of certain tumor cells. Recombinant A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) is known as a membrane-bound protease that regulates cellular activities and signal transduction by hydrolyzing various substrate proteins on the cell membrane. We hypothesize that TEX14 and ADAM17 may serve as potential biomarkers influencing the staging, invasion, and metastasis of CRC. AIM To probe the correlation between TEX17 and ADAM17 profiles in the CRC tissues of elderly patients and their association with CRC staging, invasion, and metastasis. METHODS We gathered data from 86 elderly patients diagnosed pathologically with CRC between April 2020 and December 2023. For each patient, one sample of cancer tissue and one sample of adjacent normal tissue were harvested. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR measured the mRNA profiles of TEX14 and ADAM17. Immunohistochemistry ascertained the positivity rates of TEX14 and ADAM17 expressions. Clinical pathological features of neoplasm staging, invasion, and metastasis were collected, and the association between TEX14 and ADAM17 expressions and clinical pathology was evaluated. RESULTS The mRNA and expression profiles of TEX14 and ADAM17 were significantly elevated in CRC tissues. The positivity rates of TEX14 and ADAM17 proteins in CRC tissues were 70.93% and 77.91%, respectively. There were no significant differences in age, sex, pathological type, and tumor diameter between TEX14 and ADAM17-positive and -negative patients. Patients with higher tumor differentiation degree, deeper infiltration and TNM stages ranging from III to IV exhibited higher positivity rates of TEX14 and ADAM17. Patients with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis showed higher positivity rates of TEX14 and ADAM17 than those without. Positive expressions of TEX14 and ADAM17 were highly correlated with tumor staging, invasion, and metastasis. CONCLUSION TEX14 and ADAM17 profiles were significantly elevated in the CRC tissues of elderly patients, and their high expressions were associated with tumor staging, invasion, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ling-Hua Cong
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chi-Jiang Gu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
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2
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Baxter RC. Endocrine and cellular physiology and pathology of the insulin-like growth factor acid-labile subunit. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:414-425. [PMID: 38514815 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The acid-labile subunit (ALS) of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP) complex, encoded in humans by IGFALS, has a vital role in regulating the endocrine transport and bioavailability of IGF-1 and IGF-2. Accordingly, ALS has a considerable influence on postnatal growth and metabolism. ALS is a leucine-rich glycoprotein that forms high-affinity ternary complexes with IGFBP-3 or IGFBP-5 when they are occupied by either IGF-1 or IGF-2. These complexes constitute a stable reservoir of circulating IGFs, blocking the potentially hypoglycaemic activity of unbound IGFs. ALS is primarily synthesized by hepatocytes and its expression is lower in non-hepatic tissues. ALS synthesis is strongly induced by growth hormone and suppressed by IL-1β, thus potentially serving as a marker of growth hormone secretion and/or activity and of inflammation. IGFALS mutations in humans and Igfals deletion in mice cause modest growth retardation and pubertal delay, accompanied by decreased osteogenesis and enhanced adipogenesis. In hepatocellular carcinoma, IGFALS is described as a tumour suppressor; however, its contribution to other cancers is not well delineated. This Review addresses the endocrine physiology and pathology of ALS, discusses the latest cell and proteomic studies that suggest emerging cellular roles for ALS and outlines its involvement in other disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Baxter
- University of Sydney, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
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3
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Lee NY, Hum M, Tan GP, Seah AC, Ong PY, Kin PT, Lim CW, Samol J, Tan NC, Law HY, Tan MH, Lee SC, Ang P, Lee ASG. Machine learning unveils an immune-related DNA methylation profile in germline DNA from breast cancer patients. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:66. [PMID: 38750495 PMCID: PMC11094860 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an unmet need for precise biomarkers for early non-invasive breast cancer detection. Here, we aimed to identify blood-based DNA methylation biomarkers that are associated with breast cancer. METHODS DNA methylation profiling was performed for 524 Asian Chinese individuals, comprising 256 breast cancer patients and 268 age-matched healthy controls, using the Infinium MethylationEPIC array. Feature selection was applied to 649,688 CpG sites in the training set. Predictive models were built by training three machine learning models, with performance evaluated on an independent test set. Enrichment analysis to identify transcription factors binding to regions associated with the selected CpG sites and pathway analysis for genes located nearby were conducted. RESULTS A methylation profile comprising 51 CpGs was identified that effectively distinguishes breast cancer patients from healthy controls achieving an AUC of 0.823 on an independent test set. Notably, it outperformed all four previously reported breast cancer-associated methylation profiles. Enrichment analysis revealed enrichment of genomic loci associated with the binding of immune modulating AP-1 transcription factors, while pathway analysis of nearby genes showed an overrepresentation of immune-related pathways. CONCLUSION This study has identified a breast cancer-associated methylation profile that is immune-related to potential for early cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yuan Lee
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Melissa Hum
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Guek Peng Tan
- DNA Diagnostic and Research Laboratory, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Rd, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Ai Choo Seah
- SingHealth Polyclinics, 167 Jalan Bukit Merah Connection One (Tower 5), Singapore, 150167, Singapore
| | - Pei-Yi Ong
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Patricia T Kin
- SingHealth Polyclinics, 167 Jalan Bukit Merah Connection One (Tower 5), Singapore, 150167, Singapore
| | - Chia Wei Lim
- Department of Personalised Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Jens Samol
- Medical Oncology Department, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Ngiap Chuan Tan
- SingHealth Polyclinics, 167 Jalan Bukit Merah Connection One (Tower 5), Singapore, 150167, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Family Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Hai-Yang Law
- DNA Diagnostic and Research Laboratory, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Rd, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Min-Han Tan
- Lucence Diagnostics Pte Ltd, 211 Henderson Road, Singapore, 159552, Singapore
| | - Soo-Chin Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute, Singapore (CSI), National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Dr, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Peter Ang
- Oncocare Cancer Centre, Gleneagles Medical Centre, 6 Napier Road, Singapore, 258499, Singapore
| | - Ann S G Lee
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Republic of Singapore.
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.
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4
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Yao S, Li W, Liu S, Cai Y, Zhang Q, Tang L, Yu S, Jing Y, Yin X, Cheng H. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 polymorphism is associated with chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer who receive chemotherapy. Cancer Med 2023; 12:5209-5221. [PMID: 36200595 PMCID: PMC10028021 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a common but easily overlooked condition that markedly affects the quality of life (QOL) of patients with breast cancer. The rs671 is a common gene polymorphism of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in Asia that is involved in aldehyde metabolism and may be closely related to CRCI. However, no study has yet summarised the association between ALDH2 and CRCI. METHODS This study enrolled one hundred and twenty-four patients diagnosed with breast cancer according to the pathology results, genotyped for ALDH2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) to explore these. The mini-mental state exam (MMSE), verbal fluency test (VFT), and digit span test (DST) results were compared in these patients before and after chemotherapy (CT). RESULTS We found that patients with ALDH2 gene genotypes of rs671_GG, rs886205_GG, rs4648328_CC, and rs4767944_TT polymorphisms were more likely to suffer from cognitive impairment during chemotherapy. A trend toward statistical significance was observed for rs671_GG of DST (z = 2.769, p = 0.006), VFT (t = 4.624, P<0.001); rs886205_GG of DST (z = 3.663, P<0.001); rs4648328_CC of DST (z = 2.850, p = 0.004), VFT (t = 3.477, p = 0.001); and rs4767944_TT of DST (z = 2.967, p = 0.003), VFT (t = 2.776, p = 0.008). The cognitive indicators of these patients significantly decreased after chemotherapy (p < 0.05). The difference in ALDH2 rs671 was most obvious. CONCLUSION Our results showed what kinds of ALDH2 genotyped patients that are more likely to develop CRCI. In the future, it may be possible to infer the risk of CRCI by detecting the single-nucleotide locus of ALDH2 that is conducive to strengthening clinical interventions for these patients and improving their QOL. More importantly, this study has important implications for Asian women with breast cancer as ALDH2 rs671 is a common polymorphism in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbang Yao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shaochun Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yinlian Cai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lingxue Tang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanyan Jing
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiangxiang Yin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huaidong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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5
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Luo J, Mu J, Liu L. [Effects of SPAG6 silencing and decitabine treatment on apoptosis and phosphatase and tensin homolog methylation in SKM-1 cells]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2021; 42:1005-1010. [PMID: 35045671 PMCID: PMC8770872 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of SPAG6 silencing and decitabine on apoptosis and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) methylation in SKM-1 cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: SKM-1 cells were transfected with a lentiviral vector to silence the expression of SPAG6. Cell survival rate was detected by CCK8 after treatment with decitabine, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Protein expression and methylation of PTEN were detected using Western blot and merozoite surface protein (MSP) . An non-obese diabetic/severe combined inmunodeficiency disease (NOD/SCID) mice xenograft tumor model was established, and the apoptosis and PTEN expression of tumor tissue were observed through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) , respectively. Results: After lentivirus transfection, SPAG6 in the interference group was silenced successfully. CCK8 results indicated that the cell survival rate of SKM-1 cells treated with decitabine decreased. Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of cells treated with decitabine [ (17.35±3.37) %] was higher than that of the untreated group (5.09%±2.06%) and the apoptosis rate of the SPAG6 silencing combined with the decitabine treatment group was the highest [ (36.34±4.00) %]. After treatment with decitabine, the expression of DNMT1 decreased, while the expression of PTEN increased, and the promoter methylation degree of PTEN also decreased. Moreover, the increased protein level caused by PTEN demethylation was the most obvious in the SPAG6 in the interference shRNA group treated with decitabine. In NOD/SCID mice, the tumor volume of the decitabine group was significantly smaller than that of the placebo group, and the tumor volume of the SPAG6 silencing combined with the decitabine treatment group was the smallest. Additionally, the apoptosis rate was the highest (the positive ratio was 3.57±0.48) . Conclusion: SPAG6 silencing may enhance the apoptosis level and the effect of PTEN demethylation in SKM-1 cells and enhance the antitumor effect of decitabine in the NOD/SCID xenograft mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China Experimental Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - J Mu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China Experimental Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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6
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Liang Y, Lu Q, Li W, Zhang D, Zhang F, Zou Q, Chen L, Tong Y, Liu M, Wang S, Li W, Ren X, Xu P, Yang Z, Dong S, Zhang B, Huang Y, Li D, Wang H, Yu W. Reactivation of tumour suppressor in breast cancer by enhancer switching through NamiRNA network. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:8556-8572. [PMID: 34329471 PMCID: PMC8421228 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of Tumour Suppressor Genes (TSGs) is a common feature in carcinogenesis. Epigenetic abnormalities including DNA hypermethylation or aberrant histone modifications in promoter regions have been described for interpreting TSG inactivation. However, in many instances, how TSGs are silenced in tumours are largely unknown. Given that miRNA with low expression in tumours is another recognized signature, we hypothesize that low expression of miRNA may reduce the activity of TSG related enhancers and further lead to inactivation of TSG during cancer development. Here, we reported that low expression of miRNA in cancer as a recognized signature leads to loss of function of TSGs in breast cancer. In 157 paired breast cancer and adjacent normal samples, tumour suppressor gene GPER1 and miR-339 are both downregulated in Luminal A/B and Triple Negative Breast Cancer subtypes. Mechanistic investigations revealed that miR-339 upregulates GPER1 expression in breast cancer cells by switching on the GPER1 enhancer, which can be blocked by enhancer deletion through the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Collectively, our findings reveal novel mechanistic insights into TSG dysfunction in cancer development, and provide evidence that reactivation of TSG by enhancer switching may be a promising alternative strategy for clinical breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Gynaecology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Fanglin Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qingping Zou
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tong
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Mengxing Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shaoxuan Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Ren
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhicong Yang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shihua Dong
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Baolong Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Huang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Daqiang Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Hailin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Wenqiang Yu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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7
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Luo J, Mu J, Zhang M, Zhao B, Liu L. SPAG6-silencing enhances decitabine-induced apoptosis and demethylation of PTEN in SKM-1 cells and in a xenograft mouse model. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:2242-2252. [PMID: 33843428 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1913148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of malignant diseases that are characterized by disordered hematopoiesis with a high risk of transforming into leukemia. In the present study, SPAG6-knockdown and decitabine (DAC) treatment resulted in a decreased DNA methyltransferases and methyl-CpG-binding domain protein expression. In addition, DAC and LBH589 were shown to promote apoptosis in SKM-1 cells, and SPAG6-knockdown to enhance the pro-apoptotic effect of DAC. DAC could reduce PTEN methylation and increase PTEN expression in SKM-1 cells. SPAG6-knockdown and LBH589 treatment could increase DAC-mediated demethylation of PTEN promoter. Finally, a mouse model was constructed, and an enhanced efficacy of DAC following SPAG6-knockdown was confirmed in vivo. In conclusion, DAC-mediated apoptosis and PTEN promoter demethylation may be synergistically enhanced by SPAG6-silencing. Therefore, in the present study it was indicated that SPAG6 may be a potential target for demethylation therapy in MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao Mu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Beibei Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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8
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Jung Y, Hur S, Liu J, Lee S, Kang BS, Kim M, Choi YJ. Peripheral blood BRCA1 methylation profiling to predict familial ovarian cancer. J Gynecol Oncol 2021; 32:e23. [PMID: 33470065 PMCID: PMC7930454 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2021.32.e23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Familial cancer appears at a young age and its incidence is increasing. About 12% of familial ovarian cancer cases are associated with BRCA1/2 mutations (BRCAm). In this study, we investigated BRCA1 methylation may predict ovarian cancer in those with a family history of cancer (FHC) but without BRCA1/2 mutations (BRCAwt). Methods Using peripheral blood DNA from 55 subjects without a history of cancer [cancer(−)] and 52 ovarian cancer patients, we examined BRCA1 promoter methylation through bisulfite sequencing of the promoter and expressed the results as the cumulative methylation index. Then, we evaluated the BRCA1 promoter methylation according to BRCA1/2 germline mutations. Results BRCA1 methylation was more prevalent in the BRCAm cancer(−) group than in the BRCAwt cancer(−) group and ovarian cancer patients (p=0.031 and p=0.019, respectively). In the BRCAwt cancer(−) group, BRCA1 methylation was more prevalent in those with an FHC than in those without one and in the BRCAm cancer(−) group with an FHC (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion Our data suggest a predictive role of BRCA1 methylation profile for ovarian cancer in those without a history of cancer but with an FHC. BRCA1 methylation has important implications for diagnostic and predictive testing of those with BRCAwt cancer(−) status with FHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyeon Jung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sooyoung Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - JingJing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Sanha Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Soo Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myungshin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Youn Jin Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Dhar GA, Saha S, Mitra P, Nag Chaudhuri R. DNA methylation and regulation of gene expression: Guardian of our health. THE NUCLEUS 2021; 64:259-270. [PMID: 34421129 PMCID: PMC8366481 DOI: 10.1007/s13237-021-00367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most critical epigenetic signatures present in the genome of higher eukaryotes is the methylation of DNA at the C-5 position of the cytosine ring. Based on the sites of DNA methylation in a locus, it can serve as a repressive or activation mark for gene expression. In a crosstalk with histone modifiers, DNA methylation can consequently either inhibit binding of the transcription machinery or generate a landscape conducive for transcription. During developmental phases, the DNA methylation pattern in the genome undergoes alterations as a result of regulated balance between de novo DNA methylation and demethylation. Resultantly, differentiated cells inherit a unique DNA methylation pattern that fine tunes tissue-specific gene expression. Although apparently a stable epigenetic mark, DNA methylation is actually labile and is a complex reflection of interaction between epigenome, genome and environmental factors prior to birth and during progression of life. Recent findings indicate that levels of DNA methylation in an individual is a dynamic outcome, strongly influenced by the dietary environment during germ cell formation, embryogenesis and post birth exposures. Loss of balances in DNA methylation during developmental stages may result in imprinting disorders, while at any later stage may lead to increased predisposition to various diseases and abnormalities. This review aims to provide an outline of how our epigenome is uniquely guided by our lifetime of experiences beginning in the womb and how understanding it better holds future possibilities of improvised clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurab Aditya Dhar
- grid.59056.3f0000 0001 0664 9773Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016 India
| | - Shagnik Saha
- grid.59056.3f0000 0001 0664 9773Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016 India
| | - Parama Mitra
- grid.59056.3f0000 0001 0664 9773Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016 India
| | - Ronita Nag Chaudhuri
- grid.59056.3f0000 0001 0664 9773Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016 India
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Glodzik D, Bosch A, Hartman J, Aine M, Vallon-Christersson J, Reuterswärd C, Karlsson A, Mitra S, Niméus E, Holm K, Häkkinen J, Hegardt C, Saal LH, Larsson C, Malmberg M, Rydén L, Ehinger A, Loman N, Kvist A, Ehrencrona H, Nik-Zainal S, Borg Å, Staaf J. Comprehensive molecular comparison of BRCA1 hypermethylated and BRCA1 mutated triple negative breast cancers. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3747. [PMID: 32719340 PMCID: PMC7385112 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17537-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is a defining characteristic in BRCA-deficient breast tumors caused by genetic or epigenetic alterations in key pathway genes. We investigated the frequency of BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation in 237 triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) from a population-based study using reported whole genome and RNA sequencing data, complemented with analyses of genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic and immune infiltration phenotypes. We demonstrate that BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation is twice as frequent as BRCA1 pathogenic variants in early-stage TNBC and that hypermethylated and mutated cases have similarly improved prognosis after adjuvant chemotherapy. BRCA1 hypermethylation confers an HRD, immune cell type, genome-wide DNA methylation, and transcriptional phenotype similar to TNBC tumors with BRCA1-inactivating variants, and it can be observed in matched peripheral blood of patients with tumor hypermethylation. Hypermethylation may be an early event in tumor development that progress along a common pathway with BRCA1-mutated disease, representing a promising DNA-based biomarker for early-stage TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Glodzik
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, CB10 1SA, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana Bosch
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Hartman
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Aine
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Vallon-Christersson
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christel Reuterswärd
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shamik Mitra
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emma Niméus
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karolina Holm
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jari Häkkinen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Hegardt
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lao H Saal
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christer Larsson
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Malmberg
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lisa Rydén
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Ehinger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Region Skåne, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Niklas Loman
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Kvist
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Region Skåne, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Serena Nik-Zainal
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics, The Clinical School University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Campus, CB2 0QQ, Cambridge, UK
| | - Åke Borg
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Staaf
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden.
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