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Pantazi V, Miklós V, Smith P, Oláh-Németh O, Pankotai-Bodó G, Teja Dondapati D, Ayaydin F, D'Angiolella V, Pankotai T. Prognostic potential of CUL3 ligase with differential roles in luminal A and basal type breast cancer tumors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14912. [PMID: 38942922 PMCID: PMC11213933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65692-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a prevalent and significant cause of mortality in women, and manifests as six molecular subtypes. Its further histologic classification into non-invasive ductal or lobular carcinoma (DCIS) and invasive carcinoma (ILC or IDC) underscores its heterogeneity. The ubiquitin-proteasome system plays a crucial role in breast cancer, with inhibitors targeting the 26S proteasome showing promise in clinical treatment. The Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases, including CUL3, have direct links to breast cancer. This study focuses on CUL3 as a potential biomarker, leveraging high-throughput sequencing, gene expression profiling, experimental and data analysis tools. Through comprehensive analysis using databases like GEPIA2 and UALCAN, as well as TCGA datasets, CUL3's expression and its association with prognostic values were assessed. Additionally, the impact of CUL3 overexpression was explored in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, revealing distinct differences in molecular and phenotypic characteristics. We further profiled its expression and localization in breast cancer tissues identifying prominent differences between luminal A and TNBC tumors. Conclusively, CUL3 was found to be associated with cell cycle progression, and DNA damage response, exhibiting diverse roles depending on the tumor's molecular type. It exhibits a tendency to act as an oncogene in triple-negative tumors and as a tumor suppressor in luminal A types, suggesting a potential significance in breast cancer progression and therapeutic directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Pantazi
- Genome Integrity and DNA Repair Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Vanda Miklós
- Genome Integrity and DNA Repair Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Paul Smith
- The Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Orsolya Oláh-Németh
- Genome Integrity and DNA Repair Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Pankotai-Bodó
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Divya Teja Dondapati
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Functional Cell Biology and Immunology Advanced Core Facility, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Functional Cell Biology and Immunology Advanced Core Facility, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Tibor Pankotai
- Genome Integrity and DNA Repair Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
- Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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Milković L, Mlinarić M, Lučić I, Čipak Gašparović A. The Involvement of Peroxiporins and Antioxidant Transcription Factors in Breast Cancer Therapy Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5747. [PMID: 38136293 PMCID: PMC10741870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is still the leading cause of death in women of all ages. The reason for this is therapy resistance, which leads to the progression of the disease and the formation of metastases. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a multifactorial process that leads to therapy failure. MDR involves multiple processes and many signaling pathways that support each other, making it difficult to overcome once established. Here, we discuss cellular-oxidative-stress-modulating factors focusing on transcription factors NRF2, FOXO family, and peroxiporins, as well as their possible contribution to MDR. This is significant because oxidative stress is a consequence of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, and the activation of detoxification pathways could modulate the cellular response to therapy and could support MDR. These proteins are not directly responsible for MDR, but they support the survival of cancer cells under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Čipak Gašparović
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.M.); (M.M.); (I.L.)
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3
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Xia L, Ma W, Afrashteh A, Sajadi MA, Fakheri H, Valilo M. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/p53 axis in breast cancer. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2023; 33:030504. [PMID: 37841775 PMCID: PMC10564154 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2023.030504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most important factors involved in the response to oxidative stress (OS) is the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates the expression of components such as antioxidative stress proteins and enzymes. Under normal conditions, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) keeps Nrf2 in the cytoplasm, thus preventing its translocation to the nucleus and inhibiting its role. It has been established that Nrf2 has a dual function; on the one hand, it promotes angiogenesis and cancer cell metastasis while causing resistance to drugs and chemotherapy. On the other hand, Nrf2 increases expression and proliferation of glutathione to protect cells against OS. p53 is a tumour suppressor that activates the apoptosis pathway in aging and cancer cells in addition to stimulating the glutaminolysis and antioxidant pathways. Cancer cells use the antioxidant ability of p53 against OS. Therefore, in the present study, we discussed function of Nrf2 and p53 in breast cancer (BC) cells to elucidate their role in protection or destruction of cancer cells as well as their drug resistance or antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xia
- Surgical oncology ward 2, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining Qinghai, China
| | - Wenbiao Ma
- Surgical oncology ward 2, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining Qinghai, China
| | - Ahmad Afrashteh
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Fakheri
- Paramedical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Valilo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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4
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Wang J, Barwick SR, Xiao H, Smith SB. Evaluation of the role of Sigma 1 receptor and Cullin3 in retinal photoreceptor cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 205:214-223. [PMID: 37328017 PMCID: PMC10527355 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sigma 1 receptor (Sig1R), a pluripotent modulator of cell survival, is neuroprotective in models of retinal degeneration when activated by the high-affinity, high-specificity ligand (+)-pentazocine ((+)-PTZ). The molecular mechanisms of Sig1R-mediated retinal neuroprotection are under investigation. We previously reported that the antioxidant regulatory transcription factor Nrf2 may be involved in Sig1R-mediated retinal photoreceptor cell (PRC) rescue. Cullin 3 (Cul3) is a component of the Nrf2-Keap1 antioxidant pathway and facilitates Nrf2 ubiquitination. Our earlier transcriptome analysis revealed decreased Cul3 in retinas lacking Sig1R. Here, we asked whether Sig1R activation can modulate Cul3 expression in 661 W cone PRCs. Proximity ligation and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) showed that Cul3 resides closely to and co-IPs with Sig1R. Activation of Sig1R using (+)-PTZ significantly increased Cul3 at the gene/protein level; silencing Sig1R decreased Cul3 gene/protein levels. Experiments in which Cul3 was silenced in cells exposed to tBHP resulted in increased oxidative stress, which was not attenuated with Sig1R activation by (+)-PTZ, whereas cells transfected with scrambled siRNA (and incubated with tBHP) responded to (+)-PTZ treatment by decreasing levels of oxidative stress. Assessment of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis revealed significantly improved maximal respiration, spare capacity and glycolytic capacity in oxidatively-stressed cells transfected with scrambled siRNA and treated with (+)-PTZ, but not in (+)-PTZ treated, oxidatively-stressed cells in which Cul3 had been silenced. The data provide the first evidence that Sig1R co-localizes/interacts with Cul3, a key player in the Nrf2-Keap1 antioxidant pathway. The data suggest that the preservation of mitochondrial respiration/glycolytic function and reduction of oxidative stress observed upon activation of Sig1R occur in part in a Cul3-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Shannon R Barwick
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sylvia B Smith
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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5
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Sargazi Z, Yazdani Y, Tahavvori A, Youshanlouei HR, Alivirdiloo V, Beilankouhi EAV, Valilo M. NFR2/ABC transporter axis in drug resistance of breast cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5407-5414. [PMID: 37081307 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most serious malignancies among women, accounting for about 12% of all cancers. The inherent complexity and heterogeneity of breast cancer results in failure to respond to treatment in the advanced stages of the disease. Breast cancer is caused by several genetic and environmental factors. One of the significant factors involved in the development of breast cancer is oxidative stress, which is generally regulated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). The level of NRF2 expression is low in healthy cells, which maintains the balance of the antioxidant system; however, its expression is higher in cancer cells, which have correlation characteristics such as angiogenesis, stem cell formation, drug resistance, and metastasis. Drug resistance increases with the upregulation of NRF2 expression, which contributes to cell protection. NRF2 controls this mechanism by increasing the expression of ATP-binding cassettes (ABCs). Considering the growing number of studies in this field, we aimed to investigate the relationship between NRF2 and ABCs, as well as their role in the development of drug resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinat Sargazi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Yalda Yazdani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Tahavvori
- Department of internal medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamed Rahmani Youshanlouei
- Department of internal medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Alivirdiloo
- Medical Doctor Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Ramsar, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Valilo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Ming H, Li B, Jiang J, Qin S, Nice EC, He W, Lang T, Huang C. Protein degradation: expanding the toolbox to restrain cancer drug resistance. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:6. [PMID: 36694209 PMCID: PMC9872387 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in clinical management, drug resistance remains a major obstacle. Recent research based on protein degradation to restrain drug resistance has attracted wide attention, and several therapeutic strategies such as inhibition of proteasome with bortezomib and proteolysis-targeting chimeric have been developed. Compared with intervention at the transcriptional level, targeting the degradation process seems to be a more rapid and direct strategy. Proteasomal proteolysis and lysosomal proteolysis are the most critical quality control systems responsible for the degradation of proteins or organelles. Although proteasomal and lysosomal inhibitors (e.g., bortezomib and chloroquine) have achieved certain improvements in some clinical application scenarios, their routine application in practice is still a long way off, which is due to the lack of precise targeting capabilities and inevitable side effects. In-depth studies on the regulatory mechanism of critical protein degradation regulators, including E3 ubiquitin ligases, deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs), and chaperones, are expected to provide precise clues for developing targeting strategies and reducing side effects. Here, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of protein degradation in regulating drug efflux, drug metabolism, DNA repair, drug target alteration, downstream bypass signaling, sustaining of stemness, and tumor microenvironment remodeling to delineate the functional roles of protein degradation in drug resistance. We also highlight specific E3 ligases, DUBs, and chaperones, discussing possible strategies modulating protein degradation to target cancer drug resistance. A systematic summary of the molecular basis by which protein degradation regulates tumor drug resistance will help facilitate the development of appropriate clinical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ming
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Tingyuan Lang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China. .,Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Zheng X, Ma H, Wang J, Huang M, Fu D, Qin L, Yin Q. Energy metabolism pathways in breast cancer progression: The reprogramming, crosstalk, and potential therapeutic targets. Transl Oncol 2022; 26:101534. [PMID: 36113343 PMCID: PMC9482139 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor that seriously endangers health in women. BC, like other cancers, is accompanied by metabolic reprogramming. Among energy metabolism-related pathways, BC exhibits enhanced glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), glutamate metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism activities. These pathways facilitate the proliferation, growth and migration of BC cells. The progression of BC is closely related to the alterations in the activity or expression level of several metabolic enzymes, which are regulated by the intrinsic factors such as the key signaling and transcription factors. The metabolic reprogramming in the progression of BC is attributed to the aberrant expression of the signaling and transcription factors associated with the energy metabolism pathways. Understanding the metabolic mechanisms underlying the development of BC will provide a druggable potential for BC treatment and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Zheng
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Haodi Ma
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Mengjiao Huang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Dongliao Fu
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qinan Yin
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
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8
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Sun Y, Xue Z, Huang T, Che X, Wu G. Lipid metabolism in ferroptosis and ferroptosis-based cancer therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:941618. [PMID: 35978815 PMCID: PMC9376317 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.941618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis refers to iron-dependent, specialized, and regulated-necrosis mediated by lipid peroxidation, which is closely related to a variety of diseases, including cancer. Tumor cells undergo extensive changes in lipid metabolism, including lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Changes in lipid metabolism are critical for the regulation of ferroptosis and thus have important roles in cancer therapy. In this review, we introduce the characteristics of ferroptosis and briefly analyze the links between several metabolic mechanisms and ferroptosis. The effects of lipid peroxides, several signaling pathways, and the molecules and pathways involved in lipid metabolism on ferroptosis were extensively analyzed. Finally, our review highlights some ferroptosis-based treatments and presents some methods and examples of how these treatments can be combined with other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zuoxing Xue
- Department of Urology, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Guangzhen Wu, ; Xiangyu Che, ; Tao Huang,
| | - Xiangyu Che
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Guangzhen Wu, ; Xiangyu Che, ; Tao Huang,
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Guangzhen Wu, ; Xiangyu Che, ; Tao Huang,
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9
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Li N, Zhan X. Machine Learning Identifies Pan-Cancer Landscape of Nrf2 Oxidative Stress Response Pathway-Related Genes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8450087. [PMID: 35242279 PMCID: PMC8886747 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8450087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress produced a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which played a pivotal role in balanced ability and determining cell fate. The activated Nrf2 signaling pathway that responds to the excessive ROS regulated the expressions of antiapoptotic proteins, antioxidative enzymes, drug transporters, and detoxifying factors. METHODS The Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes that had a direct relationship with Nrf2, including ATF4, BACH1, CREBBP, CUL3, EIF2AK3, EP300, FOS, FOSL1, GSK3B, JUN, KEAP1, MAF, MAFF, MAFG, MAFK, MAPK1, MAPK3, MAPK7, MAPK8, MAPK9, PIK3CA, PRRT2, and RIT1, were selected to do a systematic pan-cancer analysis. The relationship of Nrf2 signaling pathway-related gene expressions with tumor mutation burden, microsatellite status, clinical characteristics, immune system, cancer stemness index, and drug sensitivity was calculated by the Spearson correlation analysis across 11,057 subjects representing 33 cancer types. The prognosis models in lung squamous carcinoma, breast cancer, and stomach cancer were constructed with the Cox multivariate regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression. RESULTS Many Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes were differently expressed between tumor and normal tissues. PIK3CA showed high mutation rate in pan-cancer. The expressions of Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes were significantly related to tumor mutation burden, copy number variant, microsatellite instability score, survival rate, pathological stage, immune phenotype, immune score, immune cell, cancer stemness index, and drug sensitivity. The prognosis models were significantly associated with survival rate in lung squamous carcinoma, breast cancer, and stomach cancer; and the prognosis model-based riskscore was significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics of each cancer. CONCLUSIONS The study provided a comprehensive pan-cancer landscape of Nrf2 pathway-related genes. Based on the same Nrf2 pathway-related genes, the different prognosis models were constructed for different types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
- Gastroenterology Research Institute and Clinical Center, Shandong First Medical University, 38 Wuying Shan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250031, China
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Chaithongyot S, Naumann M. Helicobacter pylori-induced reactive oxygen species direct turnover of CSN-associated STAMBPL1 and augment apoptotic cell death. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:86. [PMID: 35066747 PMCID: PMC8784504 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Deubiquitinylases (DUBs) are central regulators of the ubiquitin system involved in protein regulation and cell signalling and are important for a variety of physiological processes. Most DUBs are cysteine proteases, and few other proteases are metalloproteases of the JAB1/MPN +/MOV34 protease family (JAMM). STAM-binding protein like 1 (STAMBPL1), a member of the JAMM family, cleaves ubiquitin bonds and has a function in regulating cell survival, Tax-mediated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. However, the molecular mechanism by which STAMBPL1 influences cell survival is not well defined, especially with regard to its deubiquitinylation function. Here, we show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by chemotherapeutic agents or the human microbial pathogen Helicobacter pylori can induce cullin 1-RING ubiquitin ligase (CRL1) and 26S proteasome-dependent degradation STAMBPL1. Interestingly, STAMBPL1 has a direct interaction with the constitutive photomorphogenic 9 (COP9 or CSN) signalosome subunits CSN5 and CSN6. The interaction with the CSN is required for the stabilisation and function of the STAMBPL1 protein. In addition, STAMBPL1 deubiquitinylates the anti-apoptotic protein Survivin and thus ameliorates cell survival. In summary, our data reveal a previously unknown mechanism by which the deubiquitinylase STAMBPL1 and the E3 ligase CRL1 balance the level of Survivin degradation and thereby determine apoptotic cell death. In response to genotoxic stress, the degradation of STAMBPL1 augments apoptotic cell death. This new mechanism may be useful to develop therapeutic strategies targeting STAMBPL1 in tumours that have high STAMBPL1 and Survivin protein levels.
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11
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Emerging role of ferroptosis in breast cancer: New dawn for overcoming tumor progression. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:107992. [PMID: 34606782 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer has become a serious threat to women's health. Cancer progression is mainly derived from resistance to apoptosis induced by procedures or therapies. Therefore, new drugs or models that can overcome apoptosis resistance should be identified. Ferroptosis is a recently identified mode of cell death characterized by excess reactive oxygen species-induced lipid peroxidation. Since ferroptosis is distinct from apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, its induction successfully eliminates cancer cells that are resistant to other modes of cell death. Therefore, ferroptosis may become a new direction around which to design breast cancer treatment. Unfortunately, the complete appearance of ferroptosis in breast cancer has not yet been fully elucidated. Furthermore, whether ferroptosis inducers can be used in combination with traditional anti- breast cancer drugs is still unknown. Moreover, a summary of ferroptosis in breast cancer progression and therapy is currently not available. In this review, we discuss the roles of ferroptosis-associated modulators glutathione, glutathione peroxidase 4, iron, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2, superoxide dismutases, lipoxygenase and coenzyme Q in breast cancer. Furthermore, we provide evidence that traditional drugs against breast cancer induce ferroptosis, and that ferroptosis inducers eliminate breast cancer cells. Finally, we put forward prospect of using ferroptosis inducers in breast cancer therapy, and predict possible obstacles and corresponding solutions. This review will deepen our understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and breast cancer, and provide new insights into breast cancer-related therapeutic strategies.
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12
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Ohya S, Kajikuri J, Endo K, Kito H, Elboray EE, Suzuki T. Ca 2+ -activated K + channel K Ca 1.1 as a therapeutic target to overcome chemoresistance in three-dimensional sarcoma spheroid models. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:3769-3783. [PMID: 34181803 PMCID: PMC8409426 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The large‐conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channel KCa1.1 plays a pivotal role in tumor development and progression in several solid cancers. The three‐dimensional (3D) in vitro cell culture system is a powerful tool for cancer spheroid formation, and mimics in vivo solid tumor resistance to chemotherapy in the tumor microenvironment (TME). KCa1.1 is functionally expressed in osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma cell lines. KCa1.1 activator‐induced hyperpolarizing responses were significantly larger in human osteosarcoma MG‐63 cells isolated from 3D spheroid models compared with in those from adherent 2D monolayer cells. The present study investigated the mechanisms underlying the upregulation of KCa1.1 and its role in chemoresistance using a 3D spheroid model. KCa1.1 protein expression levels were significantly elevated in the lipid‐raft‐enriched compartments of MG‐63 spheroids without changes in its transcriptional level. 3D spheroid formation downregulated the expression of the ubiquitin E3 ligase FBXW7, which is an essential contributor to KCa1.1 protein degradation in breast cancer. The siRNA‐mediated inhibition of FBXW7 in MG‐63 cells from 2D monolayers upregulated KCa1.1 protein expression. Furthermore, a treatment with a potent and selective KCa1.1 inhibitor overcame the chemoresistance of the MG‐63 and human chondrosarcoma SW‐1353 spheroid models to paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and cisplatin. Among several multidrug resistance ATP‐binding cassette transporters, the expression of the multidrug resistance‐associated protein MRP1 was upregulated in both spheroids and restored by the inhibition of KCa1.1. Therefore, the pharmacological inhibition of KCa1.1 may be an attractive new strategy for acquiring resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in the TME of KCa1.1‐positive sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ohya
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junko Kajikuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kyoko Endo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kito
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Elghareeb E Elboray
- Department of Complex Molecular Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Department of Complex Molecular Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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13
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Involvement of NRF2 in Breast Cancer and Possible Therapeutical Role of Polyphenols and Melatonin. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071853. [PMID: 33805996 PMCID: PMC8038098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is defined as a disturbance in the prooxidant/antioxidant balance in favor of the former and a loss of control over redox signaling processes, leading to potential biomolecular damage. It is involved in the etiology of many diseases, varying from diabetes to neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor and reported as one of the most important oxidative stress regulators. Due to its regulatory role in the expression of numerous cytoprotective genes involved in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses, the modulation of NRF2 seems to be a promising approach in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Breast cancer is the prevalent type of tumor in women and is the leading cause of death among female cancers. Oxidative stress-related mechanisms are known to be involved in breast cancer, and therefore, NRF2 is considered to be beneficial in its prevention. However, its overactivation may lead to a negative clinical impact on breast cancer therapy by causing chemoresistance. Some known “oxidative stress modulators”, such as melatonin and polyphenols, are suggested to play an important role in the prevention and treatment of cancer, where the activation of NRF2 is reported as a possible underlying mechanism. In the present review, the potential involvement of oxidative stress and NRF2 in breast cancer will be reviewed, and the role of the NRF2 modulators—namely, polyphenols and melatonin—in the treatment of breast cancer will be discussed.
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14
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Choi BH, Kim JM, Kwak MK. The multifaceted role of NRF2 in cancer progression and cancer stem cells maintenance. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:263-280. [PMID: 33754307 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NEF2L2; NRF2) plays crucial roles in the defense system against electrophilic or oxidative stress by upregulating an array of genes encoding antioxidant proteins, electrophile/reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxifying enzymes, and drug efflux transporters. In contrast to the protective roles in normal cells, the multifaceted role of NRF2 in tumor growth and progression, resistance to therapy and intratumoral stress, and metabolic adaptation is rapidly expanding, and the complex association of NRF2 with cancer signaling networks is being unveiled. In particular, the implication of NRF2 signaling in cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small population of tumor cells responsible for therapy resistance and tumor relapse, is emerging. Here, we described the dark side of NRF2 signaling in cancers discovered so far. A particular focus was put on the role of NRF2 in CSCs maintenance and therapy resistance, showing that low ROS levels and refractory drug response of CSCs are mediated by the activation of NRF2 signaling. A better understanding of the roles of the NRF2 pathway in CSCs will allow us to develop a novel therapeutic approach to control tumor relapse after therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hyun Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Myung Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Climente-González H, Lonjou C, Lesueur F, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Andrieu N, Azencott CA. Boosting GWAS using biological networks: A study on susceptibility to familial breast cancer. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008819. [PMID: 33735170 PMCID: PMC8009366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) explore the genetic causes of complex diseases. However, classical approaches ignore the biological context of the genetic variants and genes under study. To address this shortcoming, one can use biological networks, which model functional relationships, to search for functionally related susceptibility loci. Many such network methods exist, each arising from different mathematical frameworks, pre-processing steps, and assumptions about the network properties of the susceptibility mechanism. Unsurprisingly, this results in disparate solutions. To explore how to exploit these heterogeneous approaches, we selected six network methods and applied them to GENESIS, a nationwide French study on familial breast cancer. First, we verified that network methods recovered more interpretable results than a standard GWAS. We addressed the heterogeneity of their solutions by studying their overlap, computing what we called the consensus. The key gene in this consensus solution was COPS5, a gene related to multiple cancer hallmarks. Another issue we observed was that network methods were unstable, selecting very different genes on different subsamples of GENESIS. Therefore, we proposed a stable consensus solution formed by the 68 genes most consistently selected across multiple subsamples. This solution was also enriched in genes known to be associated with breast cancer susceptibility (BLM, CASP8, CASP10, DNAJC1, FGFR2, MRPS30, and SLC4A7, P-value = 3 × 10-4). The most connected gene was CUL3, a regulator of several genes linked to cancer progression. Lastly, we evaluated the biases of each method and the impact of their parameters on the outcome. In general, network methods preferred highly connected genes, even after random rewirings that stripped the connections of any biological meaning. In conclusion, we present the advantages of network-guided GWAS, characterize their shortcomings, and provide strategies to address them. To compute the consensus networks, implementations of all six methods are available at https://github.com/hclimente/gwas-tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Climente-González
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christine Lonjou
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
| | | | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- INSERM, U830, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Nadine Andrieu
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
| | - Chloé-Agathe Azencott
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
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16
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Mirzaei S, Zarrabi A, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Azami N, Hamzehlou S, Farahani MV, Hushmandi K, Ashrafizadeh M, Khan H, Kumar AP. Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Chemoprotection and Doxorubicin Resistance: Potential Application in Drug Discovery. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030349. [PMID: 33652780 PMCID: PMC7996755 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is extensively applied in cancer therapy due to its efficacy in suppressing cancer progression and inducing apoptosis. After its discovery, this chemotherapeutic agent has been frequently used for cancer therapy, leading to chemoresistance. Due to dose-dependent toxicity, high concentrations of DOX cannot be administered to cancer patients. Therefore, experiments have been directed towards revealing underlying mechanisms responsible for DOX resistance and ameliorating its adverse effects. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling is activated to increase levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells to protect them against oxidative stress. It has been reported that Nrf2 activation is associated with drug resistance. In cells exposed to DOX, stimulation of Nrf2 signaling protects cells against cell death. Various upstream mediators regulate Nrf2 in DOX resistance. Strategies, both pharmacological and genetic interventions, have been applied for reversing DOX resistance. However, Nrf2 induction is of importance for alleviating side effects of DOX. Pharmacological agents with naturally occurring compounds as the most common have been used for inducing Nrf2 signaling in DOX amelioration. Furthermore, signaling networks in which Nrf2 is a key player for protection against DOX adverse effects have been revealed and are discussed in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran 1477893855, Iran;
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; (A.Z.); (M.A.)
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran;
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran; (A.Z.); (H.S.); (N.A.); (S.H.); (M.V.F.)
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran; (A.Z.); (H.S.); (N.A.); (S.H.); (M.V.F.)
| | - Negar Azami
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran; (A.Z.); (H.S.); (N.A.); (S.H.); (M.V.F.)
| | - Soodeh Hamzehlou
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran; (A.Z.); (H.S.); (N.A.); (S.H.); (M.V.F.)
| | - Mahdi Vasheghani Farahani
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran; (A.Z.); (H.S.); (N.A.); (S.H.); (M.V.F.)
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran;
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; (A.Z.); (M.A.)
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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17
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Murugesan M, Premkumar K. Systemic Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Amplified P4HA1 Gene Associated With Prognostic and Hypoxic Regulation in Breast Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:632626. [PMID: 33692831 PMCID: PMC7937963 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.632626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumor in females around the world. While multimodality therapies exist, the mortality rate remains high. The hypoxic condition was one of the potent determinants in BC progression. The molecular mechanisms underpinning hypoxia and their association with BC can contribute to a better understanding of tailored therapies. In this study, two hypoxic induced BC transcriptomic cohorts (GSE27813 and GSE47533) were assessed from the GEO database. The P4HA1 gene was identified as a putative candidate and significantly regulated in hypoxic BC cells compared to normal BC cells at different time intervals (6 h, 9 h, 16 h, 32 h, and 48 h). In patients with Luminal (p < 1E-12), triple-negative subclasses (p = 1.35059E-10), Stage 1 (p = 8.8817E-16), lymph node N1 (p = 1.62436E-12), and in the 40–80 age group (p = 1.62447E-12), the expression of P4HA1 was closely associated with the clinical subtypes of BC. Furthermore, at the 10q22.1 chromosomal band, the P4HA1 gene displayed a high copy number elevation and was associated with a poor clinical regimen with overall survival, relapse-free survival, and distant metastases-free survival in BC patients. In addition, using BioGRID, the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was built and the cellular metabolic processes, and hedgehog pathways are functionally enriched with GO and KEGG terms. This tentative result provides insight into the molecular function of the P4HA1 gene, which is likely to promote hypoxic-mediated carcinogenesis, which may favor early detection of BC and therapeutic stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manikandan Murugesan
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Kumpati Premkumar
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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18
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Wu Y, Yu C, Luo M, Cen C, Qiu J, Zhang S, Hu K. Ferroptosis in Cancer Treatment: Another Way to Rome. Front Oncol 2020; 10:571127. [PMID: 33102227 PMCID: PMC7546896 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.571127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly described type of programmed cell death and intensively related to both maintaining homeostasis and the development of diseases, especially cancers. Inducing ferroptosis leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and toxic lipid peroxidation in cells, which plays a pivotal role in suppressing cancer growth and progression. Here, we reviewed the existing studies about the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis involved in different antitumor treatments, such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. We focused in particular on the distinct combinatorial therapeutic effects such as the synergistic sensitization effect and the drug-resistance reversal achieved when using ferroptosis inducers with conventional cancer therapy. Finally, we discussed the challenges and opportunities in clinical applications of ferroptosis. The application of nanotechnolgy and other novel technologies may provide a new direction in ferroptosis-driven cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Cen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jili Qiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suzhan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaimin Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Zhang X, Li T, Gong ES, Liu RH. Antiproliferative Activity of Ursolic Acid in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells through Nrf2 Pathway Regulation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7404-7415. [PMID: 32551573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The potential mechanisms of action of ursolic acid (UA) in regulating cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells through Nrf2 pathway were investigated. UA significantly inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells at a dose ≥10 μM in a dose-dependent manner, and no cytotoxicity was observed at concentrations below 29.87 ± 2.60 μM. The expressions of Nrf2 and p-Nrf2, in whole cell and nucleus, and NQO1 were inhibited by UA treatment, whereas the Keap1 expression was upregulated. No significant difference was observed in the Nrf2 mRNA levels, indicating that UA reduced Nrf2 expression not through mRNA but through a post-translational mechanism. Additionally, EGF-induced p-Nrf2 and its downstream NQO1 and SOD1 enzymes were abolished by UA. However, EGF or p-EGFR had no effect on the expressions of Keap1. These results suggested that the proliferative inhibitory effect of UA might be partially through downregulating Nrf2 via the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and EGFR/Nrf2 pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, 245 Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201, United States
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, 245 Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201, United States
| | - Er Sheng Gong
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, 245 Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201, United States
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, National R&D Professional Center for Berry Processing, College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, 245 Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201, United States
- Institute of Comparative and Environmental Toxicology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201, United States
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20
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Vanneste M, Feddersen CR, Varzavand A, Zhu EY, Foley T, Zhao L, Holt KH, Milhem M, Piper R, Stipp CS, Dupuy AJ, Henry MD. Functional Genomic Screening Independently Identifies CUL3 as a Mediator of Vemurafenib Resistance via Src-Rac1 Signaling Axis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:442. [PMID: 32346533 PMCID: PMC7169429 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with malignant melanoma have a 5-year survival rate of only 15-20% once the tumor has metastasized to distant tissues. While MAP kinase pathway inhibitors (MAPKi) are initially effective for the majority of patients with melanoma harboring BRAFV600E mutation, over 90% of patients relapse within 2 years. Thus, there is a critical need for understanding MAPKi resistance mechanisms. In this manuscript, we performed a forward genetic screen using a whole genome shRNA library to identify negative regulators of vemurafenib resistance. We identified loss of NF1 and CUL3 as drivers of vemurafenib resistance. NF1 is a known driver of vemurafenib resistance in melanoma through its action as a negative regulator of RAS. However, the mechanism by which CUL3, a key protein in E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, is involved in vemurafenib resistance was unknown. We found that loss of CUL3 was associated with an increase in RAC1 activity and MEKS298 phosphorylation. However, the addition of the Src family inhibitor saracatinib prevented resistance to vemurafenib in CUL3KD cells and reversed RAC1 activation. This finding suggests that inhibition of the Src family suppresses MAPKi resistance in CUL3KD cells by inactivation of RAC1. Our results also indicated that the loss of CUL3 does not promote the activation of RAC1 through stabilization, suggesting that CUL3 is involved in the stability of upstream regulators of RAC1. Collectively, our study identifies the loss of CUL3 as a driver of MAPKi resistance through activation of RAC1 and demonstrates that inhibition of the Src family can suppress the MAPKi resistance phenotype in CUL3KD cells by inactivating RAC1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Vanneste
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Charlotte R. Feddersen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Afshin Varzavand
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Elliot Y. Zhu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Tyler Foley
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Kathleen H. Holt
- Viral Vector Core Facility, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Mohammed Milhem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Robert Piper
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Christopher S. Stipp
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Adam J. Dupuy
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Michael D. Henry
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Urology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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21
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Zhou J, Zhang S, Xu Y, Ye W, Li Z, Chen Z, He Z. Cullin 3 overexpression inhibits lung cancer metastasis and is associated with survival of lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Exp Metastasis 2020; 37:115-124. [PMID: 31463796 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-09988-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cullin 3 (CUL3), a molecular scaffold of Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase, plays an important role in regulating biological processes through modulating the ubiquitylation and degradation of various protein substrates. Dysfunction of CUL3 is implicated in the development of several human diseases. However, the clinical significance and prognostic value of CUL3 in lung cancer have not been investigated. This study investigated the CUL3-modulating potential of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, H1299, H358, H2170 and H520, by using immunoblotting, MTT, migration, invasion, colony formation and in vivo tumorigenicity assays. The prognostic significance of CUL3 was measured by public KM plotter database (http://kmplot.com/analysis/index.php?p=service&cancer=breast) and tissue immunohistochemistry analysis. The public online database analysis revealed that elevated mRNA expression of CUL3 was associated with better prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer and lung adenocarcinoma. In vitro experiments showed that ectopic overexpression of CUL3 significantly inhibited lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and migration, and the tumor-suppressive effect of CUL3 was dependent on the Nrf2/RhoA axis. In vivo mice model demonstrated that overexpression of CUL3 lead to a significant reduction of lung adenocarcinoma growth and metastasis. Importantly, tissue immunohistochemistry analysis showed that about 47% of non-small cell lung cancer tissues were expressed of CUL3 at high levels. Overexpression of CUL3 predicted favorable overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients, especially in lung adenocarcinoma, but not in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. CUL3 could serve as a prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma. Loss of CUL3 might be driving tumorigenesis by activating the Nrf2/RhoA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shizhen Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310029, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwen Ye
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhoumiao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengfu He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
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Kelch-like protein 5-mediated ubiquitination of lysine 183 promotes proteasomal degradation of sphingosine kinase 1. Biochem J 2019; 476:3211-3226. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) is a signalling enzyme that catalyses the phosphorylation of sphingosine to generate the bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). A number of SK1 inhibitors and chemotherapeutics can induce the degradation of SK1, with the loss of this pro-survival enzyme shown to significantly contribute to the anti-cancer properties of these agents. Here we define the mechanistic basis for this degradation of SK1 in response to SK1 inhibitors, chemotherapeutics, and in natural protein turnover. Using an inducible SK1 expression system that enables the degradation of pre-formed SK1 to be assessed independent of transcriptional or translational effects, we found that SK1 was degraded primarily by the proteasome since several proteasome inhibitors blocked SK1 degradation, while lysosome, cathepsin B or pan caspase inhibitors had no effect. Importantly, we demonstrate that this proteasomal degradation of SK1 was enabled by its ubiquitination at Lys183 that appears facilitated by SK1 inhibitor-induced conformational changes in the structure of SK1 around this residue. Furthermore, using yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified Kelch-like protein 5 (KLHL5) as an important protein adaptor linking SK1 to the cullin 3 (Cul3) ubiquitin ligase complex. Notably, knockdown of KLHL5 or Cul3, use of a cullin inhibitor or a dominant-negative Cul3 all attenuated SK1 degradation. Collectively this data demonstrates the KLHL5/Cul3-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is important for regulation of SK1 protein stability via Lys183 ubiquitination, in response to SK1 inhibitors, chemotherapy and for normal SK1 protein turnover.
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Dilara Fatma Akın-Balı, Teoman Kankılıç. Genetic Variations in Nrf2-Keap1 Complex: A Step towards Understanding Cancer Resistance in Blind Mole Rats Cytotypes. BIOL BULL+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359019060050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Xia X, Wang Q, Ye T, Liu Y, Liu D, Song S, Zheng C. NRF2/ABCB1-mediated efflux and PARP1-mediated dampening of DNA damage contribute to doxorubicin resistance in chronic hypoxic HepG2 cells. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2019; 34:41-50. [PMID: 31420991 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE)-induced hypoxia can trigger residual liver cancer cells to present a more aggressive phenotype associated with chemoresistance, but the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, the human liver cancer cell line HepG2 was pre-cultured in different oxygen environments to examine the possible mechanisms of hypoxia-induced doxorubicin resistance. Our study showed that HepG2 cells pre-cultured in a chronic intermittent hypoxic environment exhibited significant resistance to doxorubicin, evidenced by increased intracellular doxorubicin efflux, relatively higher cell proliferation, lower apoptosis, and decreased DNA damage. These changes were accompanied by high levels of NRF2 and ABCB1 under conditions of both chronic and acute hypoxia and PARP1 gene expression only under conditions of chronic hypoxia. SiRNA-mediated silencing of NRF2 gene expression downregulated the expression of ABCB1 and increased the intracellular doxorubicin accumulation and cell apoptosis both in acute and chronic hypoxic HepG2 cells. Moreover, silencing of PARP1 gene expression increased the doxorubicin-induced DNA damage and cell apoptosis in chronic hypoxic cells. On the basis of these findings, we concluded that NRF2/ABCB1-mediated efflux and PARP1-mediated DNA repair contribute to doxorubicin resistance in chronic hypoxic HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwen Xia
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Tianhe Ye
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Dehan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Songlin Song
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Chuansheng Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
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25
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Chen ZJ, Rong L, Huang D, Jiang Q. Targeting cullin 3 by miR-601 activates Nrf2 signaling to protect retinal pigment epithelium cells from hydrogen peroxide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:679-687. [PMID: 31178131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Activation of Nrf2 cascade can protect retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other oxidative injury. The current study identified microRNA-601 (miR-601) as a novel cullin 3 (Cul3)-targeting miRNA that activates Nrf2 cascade. In ARPE-19 cells and primary human RPE cells, forced overexpression of miR-601 significantly inhibited Cul3 3'-UTR activity and downregulated Cul3 mRNA/protein expression, leading to Nrf2 protein stabilization and its nuclear translocation as well as expression of anti-oxidant response elements (ARE)-dependent genes (HO1, NQO1 and GCLC). H2O2 treatment increased miR-601 levels in RPE cells. Significantly, ectopic miR-601 overexpression attenuated H2O2-induced oxidative injury and apoptosis in RPE cells. In contrast, miR-601 inhibition promoted Cul3 expression, lowered basal Nrf2 activation, and enhanced H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in RPE cells. In ARPE-19 cells, CRISPC/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) of Cul3 or Keap1 not only mimicked, but also nullified, miR-601-inudced anti-H2O2 actions. Furthermore, Nrf2 silencing by targeted shRNAs abolished miR-601-inudced cytoprotection in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells. Taken together, we show that miR-601 activates Nrf2 signaling to protect RPE cells from H2O2 by targeting Cul3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Chen
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Rong
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Huang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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26
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Gacesa R, Lawrence KP, Georgakopoulos ND, Yabe K, Dunlap WC, Barlow DJ, Wells G, Young AR, Long PF. The mycosporine-like amino acids porphyra-334 and shinorine are antioxidants and direct antagonists of Keap1-Nrf2 binding. Biochimie 2018; 154:35-44. [PMID: 30071261 PMCID: PMC6214812 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are UVR-absorbing metabolites typically produced by cyanobacteria and marine algae, but their properties are not limited to direct sun screening protection. Herein, we examine the antioxidant activities of porphyra-334 and shinorine and demonstrate that these MAAs are prospective activators of the cytoprotective Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. The ability of porphyra-334 and shinorine to bind with Keap1 was determined using fluorescence polarization (FP) and thermal shift assays to detect Keap1 receptor antagonism. Concomitantly, the ability of porphyra-334 and shinorine to dissociate Nrf2 from Keap1 was confirmed also by measurement of increased mRNA expression of Nrf2 targeted genes encoding oxidative stress defense proteins in primary skin fibroblasts prior and post UVR exposure. Surprisingly, enhanced transcriptional regulation was only promoted by MAAs in cells after exposure to UVR-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, the in-vitro antioxidant activities of porphyra-334 and shinorine determined by the DPPH free-radical quenching assay were low in comparison to ascorbic acid. However, their antioxidant capacity determined by the ORAC assay to quench free radicals via hydrogen atom transfer is substantial. Hence, the dual nature of MAAs to provide antioxidant protection may offer a prospective chemotherapeutic strategy to prevent or retard the progression of multiple degenerative disorders of ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranko Gacesa
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Karl P Lawrence
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kazuo Yabe
- Chemical Laboratory, Hokkaido University of Education, Japan
| | - Walter C Dunlap
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - David J Barlow
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey Wells
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Antony R Young
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul F Long
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom.
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27
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Anderson RH, Lensing CJ, Forred BJ, Amolins MW, Aegerter CL, Vitiello PF, Mays JR. Differentiating Antiproliferative and Chemopreventive Modes of Activity for Electron-Deficient Aryl Isothiocyanates against Human MCF-7 Cells. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1695-1710. [PMID: 29924910 PMCID: PMC6105534 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of Brassica vegetables provides beneficial effects through organic isothiocyanates (ITCs), products of the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolate secondary metabolites. The ITC l-sulforaphane (l-SFN) is the principle agent in broccoli that demonstrates several modes of anticancer action. While the anticancer properties of ITCs like l-SFN have been extensively studied and l-SFN has been the subject of multiple human clinical trials, the scope of this work has largely been limited to those derivatives found in nature. Previous studies have demonstrated that structural changes in an ITC can lead to marked differences in a compound's potency to 1) inhibit the growth of cancer cells, and 2) alter cellular transcriptional profiles. This study describes the preparation of a library of non-natural aryl ITCs and the development of a bifurcated screening approach to evaluate the dose- and time-dependence on antiproliferative and chemopreventive properties against human MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Antiproliferative effects were evaluated using a commercial MTS cell viability assay. Chemopreventive properties were evaluated using an antioxidant response element (ARE)-promoted luciferase reporter assay. The results of this study have led to the identification of 1) several key structure-activity relationships and 2) lead ITCs for continued development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruthellen H. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry Augustana University 2001 S. Summit Ave. Sioux Falls, SD 57197
| | - Cody J. Lensing
- Department of Chemistry Augustana University 2001 S. Summit Ave. Sioux Falls, SD 57197
| | - Benjamin J. Forred
- Environmental Influences on Health and Disease Group Sanford Research 2301 E. 60 St. N. Sioux Falls, SD 57104
| | - Michael W. Amolins
- Department of Chemistry Augustana University 2001 S. Summit Ave. Sioux Falls, SD 57197
- Environmental Influences on Health and Disease Group Sanford Research 2301 E. 60 St. N. Sioux Falls, SD 57104
| | - Cassandra L. Aegerter
- Environmental Influences on Health and Disease Group Sanford Research 2301 E. 60 St. N. Sioux Falls, SD 57104
| | - Peter F. Vitiello
- Environmental Influences on Health and Disease Group Sanford Research 2301 E. 60 St. N. Sioux Falls, SD 57104
| | - Jared R. Mays
- Department of Chemistry Augustana University 2001 S. Summit Ave. Sioux Falls, SD 57197
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28
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Chen HH, Chang HH, Chang JY, Tang YC, Cheng YC, Lin LM, Cheng SY, Huang CH, Sun MW, Chen CT, Kuo CC. Enhanced B-Raf-mediated NRF2 gene transcription and HATs-mediated NRF2 protein acetylation contributes to ABCC1-mediated chemoresistance and glutathione-mediated survival in acquired topoisomerase II poison-resistant cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:505-518. [PMID: 29080842 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.10.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) mainly regulates transcriptional activation through antioxidant-responsive elements (AREs) present in the promoters of NRF2 target genes. Recently, we found that NRF2 was overexpressed in a KB-derived drug-resistant cancer cell panel. In this panel, KB-7D cells, which show acquired resistance to topoisomerase II (Top II) poisons, exhibited the highest NRF2 activation. To investigate whether NRF2 directly contributed to acquired resistance against Top II poisons, we manipulated NRF2 by genetic and pharmacological approaches. The result demonstrated that silencing of NRF2 by RNA interference increased the sensitivity and treatment with NRF2 activator decreased the sensitivity of KB and KB-7D cells toward Top II poisons. Further, increased B-Raf-mediated NRF2 gene transcription and HATs-mediated NRF2 protein acetylation activated NRF2 signaling in KB-7D cells. Moreover, increased binding of NRF2 to an ARE in the promoter of ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 1 (ABCC1) directly contributed to Top II poison resistance. In addition, activation of NRF2 increased glutathione level and antioxidant capacity in KB-7D cells compared with that in KB cells; moreover, high glutathione level provided survival advantage to KB-7D cells. Our study is the first to show that aberrant NRF2 activation is via increased B-Raf-mediated NRF2 gene transcription and HATs-mediated NRF2 protein acetylation, which increases the acquired resistance and promote the survival of Top II poison-resistant cancer cells. Importantly, NRF2 downstream effectors ABCC1 and glutathione directly contribute to acquired resistance and survival, respectively. These results suggest that blockade of NRF2 signaling may enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce the survival of Top II poison-refractory tumors in clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Hui Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Huei Chang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Yang Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chu Tang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Li-Mei Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ying Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Man-Wu Sun
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Tong Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chuan Kuo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Graduate Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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29
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Xu D, Zhu H, Wang C, Zhu X, Liu G, Chen C, Cui Z. microRNA-455 targets cullin 3 to activate Nrf2 signaling and protect human osteoblasts from hydrogen peroxide. Oncotarget 2017; 8:59225-59234. [PMID: 28938631 PMCID: PMC5601727 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over-production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) will lead to human osteoblast dysfunction and apoptosis, causing progression of osteoporosis and osteonecrosis. NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a well-characterized anti-oxidant signaling. Cullin 3 (Cul3) ubiquitin E3 ligase dictates Nrf2 degradation. We demonstrate that microRNA-455 ("miR-455") is a putative Cul3-targeting microRNA. Forced-expression of miR-455 in both hFOB1. 19 osteoblast cell line and primary human osteoblasts induced Cul3 degradation and Nrf2 protein stabilization, which led to subsequent transcription of ARE (anti-oxidant response element)-dependent genes (NQO1, HO1 and GCLC). Cul3 silencing, by expressing miR-455 or targeted-shRNA, protected human osteoblasts from H2O2. Reversely, miR-455 anti-sense caused Cul3 accumulation and Nrf2 degradation, which exacerbated H2O2 damages in hFOB1. 19 cells. Moreover, forced over-expression of Cul3 in hFOB1. 19 cells silenced Nrf2 and sensitized H2O2. Together, we propose that miR-455 activated Nrf2 signaling and protected human osteoblasts from oxidative stress possibly via targeting Cul3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Chengniu Wang
- Basic Medical Research Centre, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xinhui Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Genxiang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhiming Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Jeddi F, Soozangar N, Sadeghi MR, Somi MH, Samadi N. Contradictory roles of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in cancer prevention/promotion and chemoresistance. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 54:13-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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The role of Nrf2 and ATF2 in resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 79:369-380. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Basak P, Sadhukhan P, Sarkar P, Sil PC. Perspectives of the Nrf-2 signaling pathway in cancer progression and therapy. Toxicol Rep 2017; 4:306-318. [PMID: 28959654 PMCID: PMC5615147 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of redox homoeostasis, is a key transcription factor regulating a wide array of genes for antioxidant and detoxification enzymes. It protects organs from various kinds of toxic insults. On the other hand, activation of Nrf2 is also correlated with cancer progression and chemoresistance. Downregulation of Nrf2 activity has attracted an increasing amount of attention as it may provide an alternative cancer therapy. In this review, we examine recent studies on roles of Nrf2 in several pathophysiological conditions emphasising cancer. We discuss elaborately the current knowledge on Nrf2 regulation including KEAP1-dependent and KEAP1-independent cascades. KEAP1/Nrf2 system is a master regulator of cellular response against a variety of environmental stresses. We also highlight several tightly controlled regulations of Nrf2 by numerous proteins, small molecules, toxic metals, etc. In addition, we evaluate the possible therapeutic approaches of increasing chemosensitivity via modulating Nrf2 signaling.
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Yu DS, Wang YS, Bi YL, Guo ZP, Yuan YJ, Tong SM, Su RC, Ge LH, Wang J, Pan YL, Guan TT, Cao Y. Salvianolic acid A ameliorates the integrity of blood-spinal cord barrier via miR-101/Cul3/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Brain Res 2016; 1657:279-287. [PMID: 28011395 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid A (Sal A), a bioactive compound isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Danshen, is used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the protective function of Sal A on preserving the role of blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) after spinal cord injury (SCI) is unclear. The present study investigated the effects and mechanisms of Sal A (2.5, 5, 10mg/kg, i.p.) on BSCB permeability at different time-points after compressive SCI in rats. Compared to the SCI group, treatment with Sal A decreased the content of the Evans blue in the spinal cord tissue at 24h post-SCI. The expression levels of tight junction proteins and HO-1 were remarkably increased, and that of p-caveolin-1 protein was greatly decreased after SCI Sal A. The effect of Sal A on the expression level of ZO-1, occluding, and p-caveolin-1 after SCI was blocked by the HO-1 inhibitor, zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP). Also, Sal A inhibited the level of apoptosis-related proteins and improved the motor function until 21days after SCI. In addition, Sal A significantly increased the expression of microRNA-101 (miR-101) in the RBMECs under hypoxia. AntagomiR-101 markedly increased the RBMECs permeability and the expression of the Cul3 protein by targeting with 3'-UTR of its mRNA. The expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and HO-1 was significantly increased after agomiR-101 treatment. Therefore, Sal A could improve the recovery of neurological function after SCI, which could be correlated with the repair of BSCB integrity by the miR-101/Cul3/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Shui Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, People Street No. 2-5, GuTa District, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yan-Song Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, People Street No. 2-5, GuTa District, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yun-Long Bi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, People Street No. 2-5, GuTa District, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Zhan-Peng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, People Street No. 2-5, GuTa District, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Ya-Jiang Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, People Street No. 2-5, GuTa District, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Song-Ming Tong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, People Street No. 2-5, GuTa District, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Rui-Chao Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, People Street No. 2-5, GuTa District, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Li-Hao Ge
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, People Street No. 2-5, GuTa District, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, People Street No. 2-5, GuTa District, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Ya-Li Pan
- Department of Physiology, Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Institution, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Guan
- Department of Physiology, Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Institution, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, People Street No. 2-5, GuTa District, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, PR China.
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35
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Bendavit G, Aboulkassim T, Hilmi K, Shah S, Batist G. Nrf2 Transcription Factor Can Directly Regulate mTOR: LINKING CYTOPROTECTIVE GENE EXPRESSION TO A MAJOR METABOLIC REGULATOR THAT GENERATES REDOX ACTIVITY. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25476-25488. [PMID: 27784786 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.760249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 is a master transcription factor that regulates a wide variety of cellular proteins by recognizing and binding to antioxidant response elements (AREs) in their gene promoter regions. In this study we show that increasing cellular Nrf2 results in transcriptional activation of the gene for mTOR, which is central to the PI3K signaling pathway. This is the case in cells with normal physiological PI3K. However, in cells with abnormally active PI3K increased cellular Nrf2 levels have no effect on mTOR. ChIP assays results show that increased Nrf2 binding is associated with decreased p65 binding and H3-K27me3 signal (marker of gene repression) as well as increased H3-K4me3 signal (marker of gene activation). However, in cells with PI3K activation, no effect of cellular Nrf2 increase on mTOR transcription was observed. In these cells, increasing Nrf2 levels increases Nrf2 promoter binding marginally, whereas p65 binding and H3-K27me3 mark were significantly increased, and H3-K4me3 signal is reduced. Together, these data show for the first time that Nrf2 directly regulates mTOR transcription when the PI3K pathway is intact, whereas this function is lost when PI3K is activated. We have identified a link between the Nrf2 system of sensing environmental stress and mTOR, which is a key cellular protein in metabolism. Studies in cells with activating mutations in the PI3K pathway suggest that Nrf2 transcriptional regulation of mTOR is related to promoter binding of p65 and of methylation of histone residues permissive of transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Bendavit
- From the Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Tahar Aboulkassim
- From the Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Khalid Hilmi
- From the Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Sujay Shah
- From the Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Gerald Batist
- From the Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
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Wolf B, Goebel G, Hackl H, Fiegl H. Reduced mRNA expression levels of NFE2L2 are associated with poor outcome in breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:821. [PMID: 27770790 PMCID: PMC5075160 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2; previously known as NRF2) is a crucial regulator of the intracellular antioxidant response. It controls the expression of genes involved in the detoxification and elimination of reactive oxidants and electrophilic agents. The role of NFE2L2 in cancer is subject of controversial discussion, as it has been reported to have both pro-and anti-tumourigenic functions. To shed some light on this paradox, we analysed the NFE2L2 mRNA expression levels in breast cancer and its association with clinicopathological features and survival. Methods We retrospectively evaluated the NFE2L2 mRNA expression levels in tumour tissue of two independent breast cancer patient cohorts. In the training set we analysed data from the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC). In the test set we measured the NFE2L2 mRNA expression levels in 176 breast tumour tissues by quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Group differences were analysed using Mann–Whitney U-test, and associations between NFE2L2 mRNA expression levels and clinicopathological features were examined by means of univariate and multivariate survival analyses. Furthermore, we compared NFE2L2 mRNA expression levels between tumour and normal breast tissue samples by means of 108 paired samples from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Results In the training set we identified an independent predictive value for high NFE2L2 mRNA expression levels [HRdisease specific death 0.8 (0.6–1.0), P = 0.041; HRdeath 0.8 (0.6–1.0), P = 0.023] especially in the subgroup of oestrogen receptor (ER) positive tumours [HRdisease specific death 0.6 (0.4–0.9), P = 0.008; HRdeath 0.6 (0.4–0.8), P = 0.001]. Similarly, we found this association also in the test set [HRrelapse 0.4 (0.2–0.9), P = 0.031] and again, more pronounced in patients with ER positive tumours [HRrelapse 0.2 (0.1–0.7), P = 0.012]. In addition, we observed generally lower NFE2L2 expression levels in tumour tissues than in normal breast tissues. Conclusion We concluded that reduced NFE2L2 mRNA expression in tumour tissues is an independent predictor of shortened survival in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wolf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Goebel
- Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Division of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heidi Fiegl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Tian Y, Wu K, Liu Q, Han N, Zhang L, Chu Q, Chen Y. Modification of platinum sensitivity by KEAP1/NRF2 signals in non-small cell lung cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:83. [PMID: 27601007 PMCID: PMC5012055 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0311-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of platinum-based drugs on nuclear-factor erythroid2 like 2 (NRF2) signaling in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines with or without Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) mutations and to determine the role of NRF2 and KEAP1 on platinum-based drug treatment. METHODS We used real-time PCR to assess relative mRNA expression and used western blotting and immunofluorescence assays to assess protein expression. Small interfering RNA and shuttle plasmids were used to modulate the expression of NRF2, wild-type KEAP1, and mutant KEAP1. Drug sensitivity to platinum-based drugs was evaluated with Cell Count Kit-8. RESULTS We found that platinum-based therapies modified the NRF2 signaling pathway differently in KEAP1-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines compared with wild-type KEAP1 cell lines. The reactive degree of NRF2 signaling also varies between nedaplatin and cisplatin. The modification of NRF2 or KEAP1 expression in NSCLC cell lines disrupted downstream gene expression and cell sensitivity to platinum-based drugs. Finally, gene expression data retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) consortium indicated that KEAP1 mutation significantly affects NRF2 signaling activity in patients with NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that NRF2 signaling plays an indispensable role in NSCLC cell sensitivity to platinum-based treatments and provides a rationale for using NRF2 as a specific biomarker for predicting which patients will be most likely to benefit from platinum-based treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Tian
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Na Han
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Peng CY, You BJ, Lee CL, Wu YC, Lin WH, Lu TL, Chang FC, Lee HZ. The Roles of 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E from Physalis peruviana on the Nrf2-Anti-Oxidant System and the Cell Cycle in Breast Cancer Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:617-36. [PMID: 27109152 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
4[Formula: see text]-Hydroxywithanolide E is an active component of the extract of Physalis peruviana that has been reported to exhibit antitumor effects. Although the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM)-dependent DNA damage signaling pathway in 4[Formula: see text]-hydroxywithanolide E-induced apoptosis of breast cancer MCF-7 cells was demonstrated in our previous study, the relationship between ROS production and the cellular defense system response in 4[Formula: see text]-hydroxywithanolide E-induced cell death requires further verification. The present study suggests that ROS play an important role in 4[Formula: see text]-hydroxywithanolide E-induced MCF-7 cell death in which anti-oxidants, such as glutathione or N-acetylcysteine, can resist the 4[Formula: see text]-hydroxywithanolide E-induced accumulation of ROS and cell death. Furthermore, N-acetylcysteine or glutathione can reverse the 4[Formula: see text]-hydroxywithanolide E-induced changes in the cell cycle distribution and the expression of cell cycle regulators. We found that the 4[Formula: see text]-hydroxywithanolide E-induced ROS accumulation was correlated with the upregulation of Nrf2 and Nrf2-downstream genes, such as antioxidative defense enzymes. In general, the activity of Nrf2 is regulated by the Ras signalling pathway. However, we demonstrated that Nrf2 was activated during 4[Formula: see text]-hydroxywithanolide E-induced MCF-7 cell death in spite of the 4[Formula: see text]-hydroxywithanolide E-induced inhibition of the Ras/Raf/ERK pathway. The activity and protein expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase were involved in the 4[Formula: see text]-hydroxywithanolide E-induced ROS production in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, 4[Formula: see text]-hydroxywithanolide E was demonstrated to significantly reduce the sizes of the tumor nodules in the human breast cancer MDA-MB231 xenograft tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh Yu Peng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bang Jau You
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, Taiwan
| | - Chia Lin Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics and Graduate Institute of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yang Chang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen Hsin Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te Ling Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fei-Ching Chang
- Pharmacy Department, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong Zin Lee
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Pharmacy Department, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Ren L, Thompson JD, Cheung M, Ngo K, Sung S, Leong S, Chan WK. Selective suppression of the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor function can be mediated through binding interference at the C-terminal half of the receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 107:91-100. [PMID: 26970402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The human aryl hydrocarbon receptor is a cytosolic signaling molecule which affects immune response and aberrant cell growth. Canonical signaling of the receptor requires the recruitment of coactivators to the promoter region to remodel local chromatin structure. We predicted that interference of this recruitment would block the aryl hydrocarbon receptor function. To prove that, we employed phage display to identify nine peptides of twelve-amino-acid in length which target the C-terminal half of the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor, including the region where coactivators bind. Eight 12mer peptides, in the form of GFP fusion, suppressed the ligand-dependent transcription of six AHR target genes (cyp1a1, cyp1a2, cyp1b1, ugt1a1, nqo1, and ahrr) in different patterns in Hep3B cells, whereas the AHR antagonist CH-223191 suppressed all these target genes similarly. Three of the 12mer peptides (namely 11-3, 1-7, and 7-3) suppressed the 3MC-induced, CYP1A1-dependent EROD activity and the ROS production caused by benzo[a]pyrene. These 12mer peptides suppressed the AHR function synergistically with CH-223191. In conclusion, we provide evidence that targeting the C-terminal half of the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor is a viable, new approach to selectively block the receptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ren
- Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, China
| | - John D Thompson
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, United States
| | - Michael Cheung
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, United States
| | - Katherine Ngo
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, United States
| | - Sarah Sung
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, United States
| | - Scott Leong
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, United States
| | - William K Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, United States.
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Sarkar R, Mukherjee S, Biswas J, Roy M. Phenethyl isothiocyanate, by virtue of its antioxidant activity, inhibits invasiveness and metastatic potential of breast cancer cells: HIF-1α as a putative target. Free Radic Res 2015; 50:84-100. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1108520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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The Nrf2/HO-1 Axis in Cancer Cell Growth and Chemoresistance. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:1958174. [PMID: 26697129 PMCID: PMC4677237 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1958174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), acts as a sensor of oxidative or electrophilic stresses and plays a pivotal role in redox homeostasis. Oxidative or electrophilic agents cause a conformational change in the Nrf2 inhibitory protein Keap1 inducing the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor which, through its binding to the antioxidant/electrophilic response element (ARE/EpRE), regulates the expression of antioxidant and detoxifying genes such as heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Nrf2 and HO-1 are frequently upregulated in different types of tumours and correlate with tumour progression, aggressiveness, resistance to therapy, and poor prognosis. This review focuses on the Nrf2/HO-1 stress response mechanism as a promising target for anticancer treatment which is able to overcome resistance to therapies.
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Ismail IA, Abdel shakor AB, Hong SH. DJ-1 Protects Breast Cancer Cells Against 2′-Benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde-induced Oxidative Stress Independent of Nrf2. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2262-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Ahmed Ismail
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Taibah University; Al Madinah Al Munawarah Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
| | - Abo bakr Abdel shakor
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; King Khalid University; Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Su-Hyung Hong
- Department of Oral Microbiology; School of Dentistry; Kyungpook National University; Daegu South Korea
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Habib E, Linher-Melville K, Lin HX, Singh G. Expression of xCT and activity of system xc(-) are regulated by NRF2 in human breast cancer cells in response to oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2015; 5:33-42. [PMID: 25827424 PMCID: PMC4392061 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells adapt to high levels of oxidative stress in order to survive and proliferate by activating key transcription factors. One such master regulator, the redox sensitive transcription factor NF E2 Related Factor 2 (NRF2), controls the expression of cellular defense genes including those encoding intracellular redox-balancing proteins involved in glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Under basal conditions, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) targets NRF2 for ubiquitination. In response to oxidative stress, NRF2 dissociates from KEAP1, entering the nucleus and binding to the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the promoter of its target genes. Elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production may deplete GSH levels within cancer cells. System xc(-), an antiporter that exports glutamate while importing cystine to be converted into cysteine for GSH synthesis, is upregulated in cancer cells in response to oxidative stress. Here, we provided evidence that the expression of xCT, the light chain subunit of system xc(-), is regulated by NRF2 in representative human breast cancer cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment increased nuclear translocation of NRF2, also increasing levels of xCT mRNA and protein and extracellular glutamate release. Overexpression of NRF2 up-regulated the activity of the xCT promoter, which contains a proximal ARE. In contrast, overexpression of KEAP1 repressed promoter activity and decreased xCT protein levels, while siRNA knockdown of KEAP1 up-regulated xCT protein levels and transporter activity. These results demonstrate the importance of the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway in balancing oxidative stress in breast cancer cells through system xc(-). We have previously shown that xCT is upregulated in various cancer cell lines under oxidative stress. In the current investigation, we focused on MCF-7 cells as a model for mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Habib
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8
| | - Katja Linher-Melville
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8
| | - Han-Xin Lin
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8
| | - Gurmit Singh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8.
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Chen Z, Sui J, Zhang F, Zhang C. Cullin family proteins and tumorigenesis: genetic association and molecular mechanisms. J Cancer 2015; 6:233-42. [PMID: 25663940 PMCID: PMC4317758 DOI: 10.7150/jca.11076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cullin family proteins function as scaffolds to form numerous E3 ubiquitin ligases with RING proteins, adaptor proteins and substrate recognition receptors. These E3 ligases further recognize numerous substrates to participate in a variety of cellular processes, such as DNA damage and repair, cell death and cell cycle progression. Clinically, cullin-associated E3 ligases have been identified to involve numerous human diseases, especially with regard to multiple cancer types. Over the past few years, our understanding of cullin proteins and their functions in genome stability and tumorigenesis has expanded enormously. Herein, this review briefly provides current perspectives on cullin protein functions, and mainly summarizes and discusses molecular mechanisms of cullin proteins in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- 1. Orthopedics Department, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China, 200433
| | - Jie Sui
- 2. Orthopedics Department, 102 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China, 213003
| | - Fan Zhang
- 1. Orthopedics Department, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China, 200433
| | - Caiguo Zhang
- 3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA, 80045
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Kim JH, Lee KS, Lee DK, Kim J, Kwak SN, Ha KS, Choe J, Won MH, Cho BR, Jeoung D, Lee H, Kwon YG, Kim YM. Hypoxia-responsive microRNA-101 promotes angiogenesis via heme oxygenase-1/vascular endothelial growth factor axis by targeting cullin 3. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2469-82. [PMID: 24844779 PMCID: PMC4245877 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.5856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoxia induces expression of various genes and microRNAs (miRs) that regulate angiogenesis and vascular function. In this study, we investigated a new functional role of new hypoxia-responsive miR-101 in angiogenesis and its underlying mechanism for regulating heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. RESULTS We found that hypoxia induced miR-101, which binds to the 3'untranslated region of cullin 3 (Cul3) and stabilizes nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) via inhibition of the proteasomal degradation pathway. miR-101 overexpression promoted Nrf2 nuclear accumulation, which was accompanied with increases in HO-1 induction, VEGF expression, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-derived nitric oxide (NO) production. The elevated NO-induced S-nitrosylation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 and subsequent induction of Nrf2-dependent HO-1 lead to further elevation of VEGF production via a positive feedback loop between the Nrf2/HO-1 and VEGF/eNOS axes. Moreover, miR-101 promoted angiogenic signals and angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo, and these events were attenuated by inhibiting the biological activity of HO-1, VEGF, or eNOS. Moreover, these effects were also observed in aortic rings from HO-1(+/-) and eNOS(-/-) mice. Local overexpression of miR-101 improved therapeutic angiogenesis and perfusion recovery in the ischemic mouse hindlimb, whereas antagomiR-101 diminished regional blood flow. INNOVATION Hypoxia-responsive miR-101 stimulates angiogenesis by activating the HO-1/VEGF/eNOS axis via Cul3 targeting. Thus, miR-101 is a novel angiomir. CONCLUSION Our results provide new mechanistic insights into a functional role of miR-101 as a potential therapeutic target in angiogenesis and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hee Kim
- 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University , Chuncheon, South Korea
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Yi YW, Oh S. Comparative analysis of NRF2-responsive gene expression in AcPC-1 pancreatic cancer cell line. Genes Genomics 2014; 37:97-109. [PMID: 25540678 PMCID: PMC4269820 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-014-0253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
NRF2 is a nuclear transcription factor activated in response to oxidative stress and related with metabolizing of xenotoxic materials and ABC transporter mediated drug resistance. We studied the expression of mRNAs under the siRNA-mediated knockdown of NRF2 and tBHQ-treated condition in AsPC-1 metastatic pancreatic cancer cell line to understand the AsPC-1 specific role(s) of NRF2 and further to investigate the relationship between drug resistance and metastatic plasticity and mobility of AsPc1. Here we show that the genes of aldo–keto reductases, cytochrome P450 family, aldehyde dehydrogenase, thioredoxin reductase, ABC transporter and epoxide hydrolase responsible for drug metabolism or oxidative stress concisely responded to NRF2 stabilization and knockdown of NRF2. In addition the expression of PIR, a candidate of oncogene and KISS1, a suppressor of metastasis were affected by NRF2 stabilization and knockdown. Our result provide comprehensive understanding of NRF2 target genes of drug response, oxidative stress response and metastasis in AsPc-1 metastatic pancreatic cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Weon Yi
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Graduate School, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 330-714 Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Oh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 330-714 Republic of Korea
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Pharmacogenomic characterization of gemcitabine response--a framework for data integration to enable personalized medicine. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2014; 24:81-93. [PMID: 24401833 PMCID: PMC3888473 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objectives Response to the oncology drug gemcitabine may be variable in part due to genetic differences in the enzymes and transporters responsible for its metabolism and disposition. The aim of our in-silico study was to identify gene variants significantly associated with gemcitabine response that may help to personalize treatment in the clinic. Methods We analyzed two independent data sets: (a) genotype data from NCI-60 cell lines using the Affymetrix DMET 1.0 platform combined with gemcitabine cytotoxicity data in those cell lines, and (b) genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from 351 pancreatic cancer patients treated on an NCI-sponsored phase III clinical trial. We also performed a subset analysis on the GWAS data set for 135 patients who were given gemcitabine+placebo. Statistical and systems biology analyses were performed on each individual data set to identify biomarkers significantly associated with gemcitabine response. Results Genetic variants in the ABC transporters (ABCC1, ABCC4) and the CYP4 family members CYP4F8 and CYP4F12, CHST3, and PPARD were found to be significant in both the NCI-60 and GWAS data sets. We report significant association between drug response and variants within members of the chondroitin sulfotransferase family (CHST) whose role in gemcitabine response is yet to be delineated. Conclusion Biomarkers identified in this integrative analysis may contribute insights into gemcitabine response variability. As genotype data become more readily available, similar studies can be conducted to gain insights into drug response mechanisms and to facilitate clinical trial design and regulatory reviews.
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Abstract
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) is a key transcription factor that regulates the expression of over a hundred cytoprotective and antioxidant genes that provide cellular protection from reactive oxygen species. Chemotherapy resistance in several cancers has been linked to dysregulation of the NRF2 signalling pathway, moreover there is growing evidence that NRF2 may contribute to tumorigenesis. MicroRNA (miRNA) are small non-coding RNA sequences that post-transcriptionally regulate mRNA sequences. In cancer pathogenesis, aberrantly expressed miRNAs can act as either tumor suppressor or oncogenic miRNA. Recent evidence has been described that identifies a number of miRNA that can be regulated by NRF2. This review outlines the importance of NRF2 in regulating miRNA, and the functional role this may have in the tumorigenesis of human malignancies and their chemotherapy resistance.
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49
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Insights in cullin 3/WNK4 and its relationship to blood pressure regulation and electrolyte homeostasis. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1166-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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50
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Onodera Y, Motohashi H, Takagi K, Miki Y, Shibahara Y, Watanabe M, Ishida T, Hirakawa H, Sasano H, Yamamoto M, Suzuki T. NRF2 immunolocalization in human breast cancer patients as a prognostic factor. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:241-52. [PMID: 24302665 DOI: 10.1530/erc-13-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2 (NFE2L2)) is an important transcriptional activator involved in the cellular defense mechanisms against electrophilic and oxidative stress. Recent studies have demonstrated that the expression of NRF2 protein is upregulated in several human malignancies and is associated with worse prognosis in these patients. However, the pathological and clinical significance of NRF2 has remained largely unknown in breast cancer patients. Therefore, in this study, we immunolocalized NRF2 in 106 breast carcinoma cases. NRF2 immunoreactivity was mainly detected in the nucleus of the breast carcinoma cells and it was positive in 44% of the cases. NRF2 status was significantly associated with histological grade, Ki-67 labeling index, p62 immunoreactivity, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) immunoreactivity, and the results of multivariate analyses revealed that NRF2 status was an independent adverse prognostic factor for both recurrence and disease-free survival of the patients. Subsequent in vitro studies demonstrated that the expression of NRF2 significantly increased the proliferation activity of MCF7 and SK-BR-3 breast carcinoma cells. These results indicate that nuclear NRF2 protein plays important roles in the proliferation and/or progression of breast carcinoma, and nuclear NRF2 immunoreactivity is therefore considered a potent prognostic factor in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Onodera
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi-ken 980-8575, Japan Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan Department of Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan Department of Surgery, Tohoku Kosai Hospital, Sendai, Japan Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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