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Shanshan W, Hongying M, Jingjing F, Rui Y. Metformin and buparlisib synergistically induce apoptosis of non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) cells via Akt/FoxO3a/Puma axis. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 97:105801. [PMID: 38479708 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a global health issue lacking effective treatments. Buparlisib is a pan-PI3K inhibitor that shows promising clinical results in treating NSCLC. However, chemoresistance is inevitable and hampers the application of buparlisib. Studies show that a combination of phytochemicals and chemotherapeutics enhances its effectiveness. Here, we evaluated the role of metformin, an agent with multiple pharmacological properties, in enhancing the anti-tumour activities of buparlisib against NSCLC cells. Our results showed that metformin and buparlisib synergistically inhibited cell viability, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells. In addition, co-treatment of metformin and buparlisib also induced cell cycle arrest and cell death in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, metformin and buparlisib repressed Mcl-1 and upregulated Puma in NSCLC cells in a p53-independent manner. Moreover, they inhibited the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, leading to activation of the FoxO3a/Puma signalling in NSCLC cells. Our findings suggest that combined treatment of metformin and buparlisib might provide a promising strategy for treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Shanshan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China
| | - Ma Hongying
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China
| | - Fang Jingjing
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China
| | - Yu Rui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China.
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2
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Manoharan S, Prajapati K, Perumal E. Natural bioactive compounds and FOXO3a in cancer therapeutics: An update. Fitoterapia 2024; 173:105807. [PMID: 38168566 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Forkhead box protein 3a (FOXO3a) is a transcription factor that regulates various downstream targets upon its activation, leading to the upregulation of tumor suppressor and apoptotic pathways. Hence, targeting FOXO3a is an emerging strategy for cancer prevention and treatment. Recently, Natural Bioactive Compounds (NBCs) have been used in drug discovery for treating various disorders including cancer. Notably, several NBCs have been shown as potent FOXO3a activators. NBCs upregulate FOXO3a expressions through PI3K/Akt, MEK/ERK, AMPK, and IκB signaling pathways. FOXO3a promotes its anticancer effects by upregulating the levels of its downstream targets, including Bim, FasL, and Bax, leading to apoptosis. This review focuses on the dysregulation of FOXO3a in carcinogenesis and explores the potent FOXO3a activating NBCs for cancer prevention and treatment. Additionally, the review evaluates the safety and efficacy of NBCs. Looking ahead, NBCs are anticipated to become a cost-effective, potent, and safer therapeutic option for cancer, making them a focal point of research in the field of cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryaa Manoharan
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Kunjkumar Prajapati
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.
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3
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Maharati A, Moghbeli M. Forkhead box proteins as the critical regulators of cisplatin response in tumor cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175937. [PMID: 37541368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most common chemotherapy drugs used in a wide range of cancer patients; however, there is a high rate of CDDP resistance among cancer patients. Considering the side effects of cisplatin in normal tissues, it is necessary to predict the CDDP response in cancer patients. Therefore, identifying the molecular mechanisms involved in CDDP resistance can help to introduce the prognostic markers. Several molecular mechanisms such as apoptosis inhibition, drug efflux, drug detoxification, and increased DNA repair are involved in CDDP resistance. Regarding the key role of transcription factors in regulation of many cellular processes related to drug resistance, in the present review, we discussed the role of Forkhead box (FOX) protein family in CDDP response. It has been reported that FOX proteins mainly promote CDDP resistance through the regulation of DNA repair, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and signaling pathways. Therefore, FOX proteins can be introduced as the prognostic markers to predict CDDP response in cancer patients. In addition, considering that oncogenic role of FOX proteins, the CDDP treatment along with FOX inhibition can be used as a therapeutic strategy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Tong J, Tan X, Hao S, Ermine K, Lu X, Liu Z, Jha A, Yu J, Zhang L. Inhibition of multiple CDKs potentiates colon cancer chemotherapy via p73-mediated DR5 induction. Oncogene 2023; 42:869-880. [PMID: 36721000 PMCID: PMC10364554 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Targeting cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic approach against cancer. However, the anticancer mechanisms of different CDK inhibitors (CDKIs) are not well understood. Our recent study revealed that selective CDK4/6 inhibitors sensitize colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to therapy-induced apoptosis by inducing Death Receptor 5 (DR5) via the p53 family member p73. In this study, we investigated if this pathway is involved in anticancer effects of different CDKIs. We found that less-selective CDKIs, including flavopiridol, roscovitine, dinaciclib, and SNS-032, induced DR5 via p73-mediated transcriptional activation. The induction of DR5 by these CDKIs was mediated by dephosphorylation of p73 at Threonine 86 and p73 nuclear translocation. Knockdown of a common target of these CDKIs, including CDK1, 2, or 9, recapitulated p73-mediated DR5 induction. CDKIs strongly synergized with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), the most commonly used CRC chemotherapy agent, in vitro and in vivo to promote growth suppression and apoptosis, which required DR5 and p73. Together, these findings indicate p73-mediated DR5 induction as a potential tumor suppressive mechanism and a critical target engaged by different CDKIs in potentiating therapy-induced apoptosis in CRC cells. These findings help better understand the anticancer mechanisms of CDKIs and may help facilitate their clinical development and applications in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshan Tong
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Xiao Tan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Suisui Hao
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Kaylee Ermine
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Xinyan Lu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Zhaojin Liu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Anupma Jha
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jian Yu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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5
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Hao S, Tong J, Jha A, Risnik D, Lizardo D, Lu X, Goel A, Opresko PL, Yu J, Zhang L. Synthetical lethality of Werner helicase and mismatch repair deficiency is mediated by p53 and PUMA in colon cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2211775119. [PMID: 36508676 PMCID: PMC9907101 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211775119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic lethality is a powerful approach for targeting oncogenic drivers in cancer. Recent studies revealed that cancer cells with microsatellite instability (MSI) require Werner (WRN) helicase for survival; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that WRN depletion strongly induced p53 and its downstream apoptotic target PUMA in MSI colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. p53 or PUMA deletion abolished apoptosis induced by WRN depletion in MSI CRC cells. Importantly, correction of MSI abrogated the activation of p53/PUMA and cell killing, while induction of MSI led to sensitivity in isogenic CRC cells. Rare p53-mutant MSI CRC cells are resistant to WRN depletion due to lack of PUMA induction, which could be restored by wildtype (WT) p53 knock in or reconstitution. WRN depletion or treatment with the RecQ helicase inhibitor ML216 suppressed in vitro and in vivo growth of MSI CRCs in a p53/PUMA-dependent manner. ML216 treatment was efficacious in MSI CRC patient-derived xenografts. Interestingly, p53 gene remains WT in the majority of MSI CRCs. These results indicate a critical role of p53/PUMA-mediated apoptosis in the vulnerability of MSI CRCs to WRN loss, and support WRN as a promising therapeutic target in p53-WT MSI CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suisui Hao
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213
| | - Jingshan Tong
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213
| | - Anupma Jha
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA15213
| | - Denise Risnik
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213
| | - Darleny Lizardo
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213
| | - Xinyan Lu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA91010
| | - Patricia L. Opresko
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA15213
| | - Jian Yu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213
| | - Lin Zhang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213
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Zhang YQ, Chen RL, Shang LQ, Yang SM. Nicotine-induced miR-21-3p promotes chemoresistance in lung cancer by negatively regulating FOXO3a. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:260. [PMID: 35765274 PMCID: PMC9219026 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and cigarette smoking is reported to contribute to the lung cancer-related mortality. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying nicotine-induced chemoresistance in lung cancer. The expression of microRNA (miR)-21-3p and its predicted target FOXO3a in lung cancer cells was detected via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, in the presence or absence of nicotine. The regulatory effect of miR-21-3p and FOXO3a on lung cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis induced by docetaxel or cisplatin treatment was evaluated by performing Cell Counting Kit-8 and Annexin V/PI staining assays, respectively. The interaction between miR-21-3p and FOXO3a was analyzed by performing luciferase reporter assays and western blotting. FOXO3a overexpression rescue experiments were conducted in vitro and in vivo using a xenograft mouse model to assess the function of miR-21-3p/FOXO3a in lung cancer. Nicotine induced miR-21-3p expression in lung cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. miR-21-3p downregulated FOXO3a expression by directly binding to the 3′-untranslated region of FOXO3a. Moreover, miR-21-3p knockdown sensitized lung cancer cells to docetaxel or cisplatin treatment. Mechanistically, FOXO3a was predicted as a direct target of miR-21-3p. FOXO3a overexpression promoted the chemosensitivity of lung cancer cells to docetaxel or cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, FOXO3a overexpression antagonized the regulatory function of miR-21-3p on docetaxel- or cisplatin-treated lung cancer cells. In the docetaxel- or cisplatin-treated lung cancer xenograft mouse model, miR-21-3p promoted chemoresistance via negatively regulating FOXO3a. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that nicotine-induced miR-21-3p promoted chemoresistance to docetaxel or cisplatin treatment via negatively regulating FOXO3a, which may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with chemoresistant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Lin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Li-Qun Shang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Mei Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
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7
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Wang Z, Song J, Azami NLB, Sun M. Identification of a Novel Immune Landscape Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Response of Colon Cancer to Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:802665. [PMID: 35572595 PMCID: PMC9095944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.802665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To construct an immune-related gene prognostic index (IRGPI) for colon cancer and elucidate the molecular and immune characteristics as well as the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in IRGPI-defined groups of colon cancer. Experimental Design Transcriptional and clinical data of colon cancer samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n = 521). Immune-related genes were obtained from ImmPort and InnateDB databases. 21 immune-related hub genes were identified byweighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). the Cox regression method was used to construct IRGPI and validated with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (n = 584). Finally, the molecular and immune profiles in the groups defined by IRGPI and the benefit of ICI treatment were analyzed. Results 8 genes were identified to construct IRGPI. IRGPI-low group had a better overall survival (OS) than IRGPI-high group. And this was well validated in the GEO cohort. Overall results showed that those with low IRGPI scores were enriched in antitumor metabolism, and collated with high infiltration of resting memory CD4 T cells and less aggressive phenotypes, benefiting more from ICI treatment. Conversely, high IRGPI scores were associated with cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and chemokine signaling pathways, high infiltration of macrophage M1, suppressed immunity, more aggressive colon cancer phenotypes, as well as reduced therapeutic benefit from ICI treatment. Conclusions IRGPI is a promising biomarker to differentiate the prognostic and molecular profile of colon cancer, as well as the therapeutic benefits of ICI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingru Song
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yang FY, Zhang L, Zheng Y, Dong H. Dexmedetomidine attenuates ischemia and reperfusion-induced cardiomyocyte injury through p53 and forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a)/p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) signaling signaling. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1377-1387. [PMID: 34974801 PMCID: PMC8805856 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2017611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been reported to attenuate the ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. However, mechanisms underlying these protective effect remain to be fully elucidated. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is associated with ischemic heart disease. Here we investigated the role of DEX in I/R -induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Mice and H9c2 cardiomyocyte cells were subjected to cardiomyocyte I/R injury and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury, respectively. The roles and mechanisms of DEX on H9c2 cardiomyocyte cells and mice cardiomyocyte cells exposured to H/R or I/R injury were explored. The results showed that DEX attenuates H/R injury-induced H9c2 cell apoptosis and alleviated mitochondrial oxidative stress; it also reduced myocardial infarct size and protected the cardiac function following cardiomyocyte I/R injury. In addition, H/R and I/R injury increased p53 expression and forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a)/p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) signaling in H9c2 cardiomyocyte cells and cardiomyocytes. Targeting p53 expression or FOXO3a/PUMA signaling inhibited cell apoptosis and protected against H/R injury in H9c2 cardiomyocyte cells and cardiomyocytes. Pretreatment with DEX reduced the H/R or I/R injury-induced activation of p53 expression and FOXO3a/PUMA signaling, and alleviated H/R or I/R injury-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial oxidative stress. Therefore, DEX could alleviate H/R- or I/R-induced cardiomyocytes injury by reducing cell apoptosis and blocking p53 expression and FOXO3a/PUMA signaling. Targeting p53 or/and FOXO3a/PUMA signaling could alleviate cardiomyocyte I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yun Yang
- Departments of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Operating Room, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - He Dong
- Departments of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Cowell JK, Hu T. Mechanisms of resistance to FGFR1 inhibitors in FGFR1-driven leukemias and lymphomas: implications for optimized treatment. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:607-619. [PMID: 34734169 PMCID: PMC8562765 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and FGFR1 rearrangements (MLN-eo FGFR1) disease is derived from a pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell and has a complex presentation with a myeloproliferative disorder with or without eosinophilia and frequently presents with mixed lineage T- or B-lymphomas. The myeloproliferative disease frequently progresses to AML and lymphoid neoplasms can develop into acute lymphomas. No matter the cell type involved, or clinical presentation, chromosome translocations involving the FGFR1 kinase and various partner genes, which leads to constitutive activation of downstream oncogenic signaling cascades. These patients are not responsive to treatment regimens developed for other acute leukemias and survival is poor. Recent development of specific FGFR1 inhibitors has suggested an alternative therapeutic approach but resistance is likely to evolve over time. Mouse models of this disease syndrome have been developed and are being used for preclinical evaluation of FGFR1 inhibitors. Cell lines from these models have now been developed and have been used to investigate the mechanisms of resistance that might be expected in clinical cases. So far, a V561M mutation in the kinases domain and deletion of PTEN have been recognized as leading to resistance and both operate through the PI3K/AKT signaling axis. One of the important consequences is the suppression of PUMA, a potent enforcer of apoptosis, which operates through BCL2. Targeting BCL2 in the resistant cells leads to suppression of leukemia development in mouse models, which potentially provides an opportunity to treat patients that become resistant to FGFR1 inhibitors. In addition, elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying FGFR1-driven leukemias and lymphomas also provides new targets for combined treatment as another option to bypass the FGFR1 inhibitor resistance and improve patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Cowell
- Georgia Cancer Center, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Tianxiang Hu
- Georgia Cancer Center, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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10
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Mu J, Sun X, Zhao Z, Sun H, Sun P. BRD9 inhibition promotes PUMA-dependent apoptosis and augments the effect of imatinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:962. [PMID: 34667163 PMCID: PMC8526701 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are primarily characterized by activating mutations of tyrosine kinase or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha. Although the revolutionary therapeutic outcomes of imatinib are well known, the long-term benefits of imatinib are still unclear. The effects of BRD9, a recently identified subunit of noncanonical BAF complex (ncBAF) chromatin remodeling complexes, in GISTs are not clear. In the current study, we evaluated the functional role of BRD9 in GIST progression. Our findings demonstrated that the expression of BRD9 was upregulated in GIST tissues. The downregulation or inhibition of BRD9 could significantly reduce cellular proliferation, and facilitates apoptosis in GISTs. BRD9 inhibition could promote PUMA-dependent apoptosis in GISTs and enhance imatinib activity in vitro and in vivo. BRD9 inhibition synergizes with imatinib in GISTs by inducing PUMA upregulation. Mechanism study revealed that BRD9 inhibition promotes PUMA induction via the TUFT1/AKT/GSK-3β/p65 axis. Furthermore, imatinib also upregulates PUMA by targeting AKT/GSK-3β/p65 axis. In conclusion, our results indicated that BRD9 plays a key role in the progression of GISTs. Inhibition of BRD9 is a novel therapeutic strategy in GISTs treated alone or in combination with imatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Mu
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuezeng Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pengda Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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11
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Identification prognosis-associated immune genes in colon adenocarcinoma. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226879. [PMID: 33140821 PMCID: PMC7670579 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. Immune genes (IGs) have a considerable correlation with tumor initiation and prognosis. The present paper aims to identify the prognosis value of IGs in COAD and conduct a prognosis model for clinical utility. Gene expression data of COAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), screening and analyzing differentially expressed IGs by bioinformatics. Core genes were screened by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Survival analysis was appraised by the Kaplan–Meier method and the log-rank test. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used to identify IGs’ relevant signal pathways. We predicted the overall survival (OS) by nomogram. Finally, a prognosis model was conducted based on 12 IGs (SLC10A2, CXCL3, NOX4, FABP4, ADIPOQ, IGKV1-33, IGLV6-57, INHBA, UCN, VIP, NGFR, and TRDC). The risk score was an independent prognostic factor, and a nomogram could accurately predict the OS of individual COAD patients. These results were validated in GSE39582, GSE12945, and GSE103479 cohorts. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that these IGs are mainly enriched in hormone secretion, hormone transport, lipid transport, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor signaling pathway. In summary, the risk score is an independent prognostic biomarker. We also excavated several IGs related to COAD’s survival and maybe potential biomarkers for COAD diagnosis and treatment.
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12
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Tian X, Ahsan N, Lulla A, Lev A, Abbosh P, Dicker DT, Zhang S, El-Deiry WS. P53-independent partial restoration of the p53 pathway in tumors with mutated p53 through ATF4 transcriptional modulation by ERK1/2 and CDK9. Neoplasia 2021; 23:304-325. [PMID: 33582407 PMCID: PMC7890376 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A long-term goal in the cancer-field has been to develop strategies for treating p53-mutated tumors. A novel small-molecule, PG3-Oc, restores p53 pathway-signaling in tumor cells with mutant-p53, independently of p53/p73. PG3-Oc partially upregulates the p53-transcriptome (13.7% of public p53 target-gene dataset; 15.2% of in-house dataset) and p53-proteome (18%, HT29; 16%, HCT116-p53−/−). Bioinformatic analysis indicates critical p53-effectors of growth-arrest (p21), apoptosis (PUMA, DR5, Noxa), autophagy (DRAM1), and metastasis-suppression (NDRG1) are induced by PG3-Oc. ERK1/2- and CDK9-kinases are required to upregulate ATF4 by PG3-Oc which restores p53 transcriptomic-targets in cells without functional-p53. PG3-Oc represses MYC (ATF4-independent), and upregulates PUMA (ATF4-dependent) in mediating cell death. With largely nonoverlapping transcriptomes, induced-ATF4 restores p53 transcriptomic targets in drug-treated cells including functionally important mediators such as PUMA and DR5. Our results demonstrate novel p53-independent drug-induced molecular reprogramming involving ERK1/2, CDK9, and ATF4 to restore upregulation of p53 effector genes required for cell death and tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Tian
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI, USA; COBRE Center for Cancer Research Development, Proteomics Core Facility, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Amriti Lulla
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Avital Lev
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Philip Abbosh
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David T Dicker
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shengliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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13
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Liu Y, Cai B, Chong Y, Zhang H, Kemp CA, Lu S, Chang CS, Ren M, Cowell JK, Hu T. Downregulation of PUMA underlies resistance to FGFR1 inhibitors in the stem cell leukemia/lymphoma syndrome. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:884. [PMID: 33082322 PMCID: PMC7576156 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to molecular therapies frequently occur due to genetic changes affecting the targeted pathway. In myeloid and lymphoid leukemias/lymphomas resulting from constitutive activation of FGFR1 kinases, resistance has been shown to be due either to mutations in FGFR1 or deletions of PTEN. RNA-Seq analysis of the resistant clones demonstrates expression changes in cell death pathways centering on the p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (Puma) protein. Treatment with different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) revealed that, in both FGFR1 mutation and Pten deletion-mediated resistance, sustained Akt activation in resistant cells leads to compromised Puma activation, resulting in suppression of TKI-induced apoptosis. This suppression of Puma is achieved as a result of sequestration of inactivated p-Foxo3a in the cytoplasm. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout of Puma in leukemic cells led to an increased drug resistance in the knockout cells demonstrating a direct role in TKI resistance. Since Puma promotes cell death by targeting Bcl2, TKI-resistant cells showed high Bcl2 levels and targeting Bcl2 with Venetoclax (ABT199) led to increased apoptosis in these cells. In vivo treatment of mice xenografted with resistant cells using ABT199 suppressed leukemogenesis and led to prolonged survival. This in-depth survey of the underlying genetic mechanisms of resistance has identified a potential means of treating FGFR1-driven malignancies that are resistant to FGFR1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baohuan Cai
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yating Chong
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Hualei Zhang
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chesley-Anne Kemp
- College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sumin Lu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | | | - Mingqiang Ren
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance (CHAMP), Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John K Cowell
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Tianxiang Hu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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14
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6-Gingerol delays tumorigenesis in benzo[a]pyrene and dextran sulphate sodium-induced colorectal cancer in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 142:111483. [PMID: 32512025 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been linked to dietary consumption of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). 6-Gingerol (6-G), a component of ginger has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, but little is known regarding the mechanism of 6-G in CRC chemoprevention. We therefore investigated the effect of 6-G on B[a]P. and dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) induced CRC in mice. Mice in Group I and Group II received corn oil and 6-G orally at 2 ml/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively for 126 days. Group III were administered 125 mg/kg of B[a]P for 5 days followed by 3 cycles of 4% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). Group IV received 6-G for 7 days followed by co-administration with 125 mg/kg of B[a]P. for 5 days and 3 cycles of 4% DSS. Tumor formation was reduced and expression of Ki-67, WNT3a, DVL-2 and β-catenin following 6-G exposure. Also, 6-G increases expression of APC, P53, TUNEL positive nuclei and subsequently decreased the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, INOS, COX-2 and cyclin D1. 6-G inhibited angiogenesis by decreasing the concentration of VEGF, Angiopoietin-1, FGF and GDF-15 in the colon of B[a]P. and DSS exposed mice. Overall, 6-G attenuated B[a]P and DSS-induced CRC in mice via anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and apoptotic mechanisms.
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15
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Yan F, Liao R, Silva M, Li S, Jiang Y, Peng T, Lazarovici P, Zheng W. Pristimerin-induced uveal melanoma cell death via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6208-6219. [PMID: 32347651 PMCID: PMC7294164 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is a highly invasive intraocular malignancy with high mortality. Presently, there is no FDA‐approved standard for the treatment of metastatic UM. Pristimerin is a natural quinine methide triterpenoid compound with anti‐angiogenic, anti‐cancer and anti‐inflammatory activities. However, Pristimerin potential cytotoxic effect on UM was poorly investigated. In the present study, we found the migration and invasion of UM‐1 cells were inhibited by Pristimerin which also caused a rapid increase of ROS, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, induced the accumulation of cells in G0/G1 phase, ending with apoptotic cell death. Pristimerin inhibited Akt and FoxO3a phosphorylation and induced nuclear accumulation of FoxO3a in UM‐1 cells, increased the expression of pro‐apoptotic proteins Bim、p27Kip1, cleaved caspase‐3, PARP and Bax, and decreased the expression of Cyclin D1 and Bcl‐2. LY294002 or Akt‐siRNA inhibited the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway and promoted the Pristimerin‐induced apoptosis, while Pristimerin effects were partially abolished in FoxO3a knockdown UM‐1 cell cultures. Taken together, present results showed that Pristimerin induced apoptotic cell death through inhibition of PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway in UM‐1 cells. These findings indicate that Pristimerin may be considered as a potential chemotherapeutic agent for patients with UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Yan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rifang Liao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,Department of pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Marta Silva
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yizhou Jiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Tangming Peng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Philip Lazarovici
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Wenhua Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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16
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Wang H, Liu Y, Ding J, Huang Y, Liu J, Liu N, Ao Y, Hong Y, Wang L, Zhang L, Wang J, Zhang Y. Targeting mTOR suppressed colon cancer growth through 4EBP1/eIF4E/PUMA pathway. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 27:448-460. [PMID: 31257364 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed malignancies among both men and women, which has an increased mortality but a poor prognosis. Targeting mTOR becomes an effective approach that shows promising antitumor activities in various cancers including colonic carcinoma. However, the potential mechanism against colon cancer remains incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrated that the anti-cancer effect of AZD8055 and OSI-027 is at least in part modulated by the gradual process of apoptosis initiation, progressing from mTOR suppression, 4EBP1 dephosphorylation, or EZH2 suppression, thereby leading to PUMA-dependent apoptosis via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Furthermore, AZD8055 inhibited colorectal cancer tumor growth in mice significantly. PUMA deletion caused resistance of dual mTOR inhibitors, suggesting PUMA mediated carcinogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these findings established a vital status of PUMA in driving the antineoplastic efficacy of targeting mTOR by AZD8055 and OSI-027 and offered the rationales for the current clinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanan Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yeying Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Ao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Hong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lefeng Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China. .,Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, China.
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17
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Henriques V, Machado S, Link W, Ferreira BI. Monitoring the Transcriptional Activity of FOXO Transcription Factors by Analyzing their Target Genes. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1890:103-113. [PMID: 30414148 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8900-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
FOXO proteins represent a subfamily of transcription factors that belong to the forkhead family. The study of FOXO target genes can be performed using Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR). The RT-PCR is a sensitive method that allows the detection and quantification of minute amounts of nucleic acids. In RT-PCR the accumulation of the amplicon is detected and measured as the reaction progresses. Here, we describe the application of RT-PCR technique to monitor the transcriptional activity of FOXO transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Henriques
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Susana Machado
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Wolfgang Link
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bibiana I Ferreira
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal. .,Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal. .,Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
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18
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Chen J, Zhong J, Liu Y, Huang Y, Luo F, Zhou Y, Pan X, Cao S, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Wang J. Purified vitexin compound 1, a new neolignan isolated compound, promotes PUMA-dependent apoptosis in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2018; 7:6158-6169. [PMID: 30402948 PMCID: PMC6308053 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purified vitexin compound 1 (VB1, a neolignan isolated and extracted from the seed of Chinese herb Vitex negundo) is an effective antitumor agent and exhibits promising clinical activity against various cancers including colorectal cancer. However, it remains unknown about the precise underlying mechanism associated with the antitumor effect of VB1 and how it triggers apoptosis in cancer cells. Here, we demonstrated that VB1 promoted apoptosis via p53-dependent induction of p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) and further to induce Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein) activation and mitochondrial dysfunction in colon cancer HCT-116 and LoVo cells. Deficiency in p53, PUMA, or Bax abrogated VB1-induced apoptosis and promoted cell survival in HCT-116 cells. Furthermore, the combination of VB1 with chemotherapeutic drugs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or NVP-BZE235 resulted in a synergistic antitumor effect via PUMA induction in HCT-116 cells. VB1 significantly suppressed the cell proliferation of wild-type (WT) HCT-116 and LoVo cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. The results indicate that p53/PUMA/Bax axis plays a critical role in VB1-induced apoptosis and VB1 may have valuable clinical applications in cancer therapy as a novel anticancer agent used alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juchang Zhong
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yeying Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yingjun Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Pan
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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19
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Liu X, Li Y, Zhang X, Liu XY, Peng A, Chen Y, Meng L, Chen H, Zhang Y, Miao X, Zheng L, Huang K. Inhibition of kinesin family member 20B sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cell to microtubule-targeting agents by blocking cytokinesis. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3450-3460. [PMID: 30191636 PMCID: PMC6215872 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinesin family member 20B (KIF20B, also known as MPHOSPH1) is a kinesin protein that plays a critical role in cytokinesis. Previously, we and others have demonstrated the oncogenic role of KIF20B in several cancers; however, the exact mechanisms underlying its tumorigenic effects remain unclear. Herein, we showed overexpression of KIF20B in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and reported a negative correlation between KIF20B level and prognosis of patients. Mechanistically, reducing KIF20B blockades mitotic exit of HCC cells at telophase in a spindle assembly checkpoint independent way. Importantly, reducing KIF20B acts synergistically with three microtubule-associated agents (MTA) to p53- or p14ARF-dependently suppress p53-wt or p53-null HCC cells. In addition to taxol, reducing KIF20B also enhanced the toxicity of two chemotherapeutic drugs, hydroxycamptothecin and mitomycin C. In conclusion, we found a novel mechanism in that blocking cytokinesis by KIF20B inhibition increases the efficacy of MTA; our results thus suggested a dual-mitotic suppression approach against HCC by combining MTA with KIF20B inhibition, which simultaneously blocks mitosis at both metaphase and telophase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Centre for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangkai Li
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Anlin Peng
- The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijing Meng
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Tongji School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Centre for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, China
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20
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MEK inhibitors induce apoptosis via FoxO3a-dependent PUMA induction in colorectal cancer cells. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:67. [PMID: 30190455 PMCID: PMC6127344 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0078-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in BRAF are common to many cancers, including CRC. The MEK inhibitors are being investigated in BRAF-mutant CRC. In this study, we aimed to investigate how MEK inhibitor suppresses growth of BRAF-mutated CRC cells as well as its potential mechanisms. Our findings indicated that MEK inhibitor promote PUMA expression via ERK/FoxO3a signaling pathway. In addition, PUMA induction is essential for MEK inhibitor-induced apoptosis. Moreover, PUMA induction is required for MEK inhibitors to induced apoptosis in combination with cisplatin, dabrafenib, or Gefitinib. Knockdown of PUMA suppressed the anticancer effect of the MEK inhibitor in vivo. Our findings indicate a novel role for PUMA as a regulator of the antitumor effects of MEK inhibitor, suggesting that PUMA induction may modulate MEK inhibitor sensitivity.
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21
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Liu X, Li Y, Meng L, Liu XY, Peng A, Chen Y, Liu C, Chen H, Sun S, Miao X, Zhang Y, Zheng L, Huang K. Reducing protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 as a prospective therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:534. [PMID: 29748662 PMCID: PMC5945625 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Proteins that bind to microtubule are important for cell cycle, and some of these proteins show oncogenic characteristics with mechanisms not fully understood. Herein we demonstrate overexpression of protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1), a microtubule-associated regulator of mitosis, in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Moreover, upregulated PRC1 is associated with lower survival rates of HCC patients. Mechanistically, reducing PRC1 blocks mitotic exit of HCC cells at telophase in a spindle assembly checkpoint independent manner, and acts synergistically with microtubule-associated agents (MTAs) to suppress p53-wt or p53-null HCC cells in a p53- or p14ARF-dependent manner; while overexpressing PRC1 increases the resistance of HCC to taxol. A combined treatment of taxol/shPRC1 results in 90% suppression of tumor growth in subcutaneous HCC xenograft models. In orthotopic xenograft mice, reducing PRC1 significantly alleviates HCC development and hepatic injury. Together, our results suggest a dual-mitotic suppression approach against HCC by combining MTAs with cytokinesis inhibition, which blocks mitosis at both metaphase and telophase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Centre for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yangkai Li
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lijing Meng
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Anlin Peng
- The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Centre for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Sheng Sun
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Tongji School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Centre for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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22
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Abstract
Necroptosis is a regulated form of necrotic cell death that is important in physiology and human diseases. However, the signaling process leading to eventual cell death in necroptosis remains unclear. We show that PUMA, a proapoptotic BH3-only Bcl-2 family member, is induced and plays a role in necroptotic death. PUMA induction enhances necroptotic signaling by promoting the release of mitochondrial DNA and activation of cytosolic DNA sensors. We provide genetic evidence for the functional role of PUMA in necroptosis-mediated developmental defects in mice. Our results demonstrate a previously unknown function of Bcl-2 family proteins and reveal a signal amplification mechanism mediated by PUMA and cytosolic DNA sensors that is involved in TNF-driven necroptosis in vitro and in vivo. Necroptosis, a form of regulated necrotic cell death, is governed by RIP1/RIP3-mediated activation of MLKL. However, the signaling process leading to necroptotic death remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that PUMA, a proapoptotic BH3-only Bcl-2 family member, is transcriptionally activated in an RIP3/MLKL-dependent manner following induction of necroptosis. The induction of PUMA, which is mediated by autocrine TNF-α and enhanced NF-κB activity, contributes to necroptotic death in RIP3-expressing cells with caspases inhibited. On induction, PUMA promotes the cytosolic release of mitochondrial DNA and activation of the DNA sensors DAI/Zbp1 and STING, leading to enhanced RIP3 and MLKL phosphorylation in a positive feedback loop. Furthermore, deletion of PUMA partially rescues necroptosis-mediated developmental defects in FADD-deficient embryos. Collectively, our results reveal a signal amplification mechanism mediated by PUMA and cytosolic DNA sensors that is involved in TNF-driven necroptotic death in vitro and in vivo.
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23
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Zhang L, Wang H, Li W, Zhong J, Yu R, Huang X, Wang H, Tan Z, Wang J, Zhang Y. Pazopanib, a novel multi-kinase inhibitor, shows potent antitumor activity in colon cancer through PUMA-mediated apoptosis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:3289-3303. [PMID: 27924057 PMCID: PMC5356882 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is still the third most common cancer which has a high mortality but low five-year survival rate. Novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) such as pazopanib become effective antineoplastic agents that show promising clinical activity in a variety of carcinoma, including colon cancer. However, the precise underlying mechanism against tumor is unclear. Here, we demonstrated that pazopanib promoted colon cancer cell apoptosis through inducing PUMA expression. Pazopanib induced p53-independent PUMA activation by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby activating Foxo3a, which subsequently bound to the promoter of PUMA to activate its transcription. After induction, PUMA activated Bax and triggered the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Furthermore, administration of pazopanib highly suppressed tumor growth in a xenograft model. PUMA deletion in cells and tumors led to resistance of pazopanib, indicating PUMA-mediated pro-apoptotic and anti-tumor effects in vitro and in vivo. Combing pazopanib with some conventional or novel drugs, produced heightened and synergistic antitumor effects that were associated with potentiated PUMA induction via different pathways. Taken together, these results establish a critical role of PUMA in mediating the anticancer effects of pazopanib in colon cancer cells and provide the rationale for clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huanan Wang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juchang Zhong
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Rongcheng Yu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinfeng Huang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Honghui Wang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhikai Tan
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, China
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24
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Yang S, Zhu Z, Zhang X, Zhang N, Yao Z. Idelalisib induces PUMA-dependent apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6102-6113. [PMID: 28008149 PMCID: PMC5351616 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Idelalisib, a PI3K inhibitor, specifically targeting p110δ, has been approved for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. However, the mechanisms of action of idelalisib in colon cancer cells are not well understood. We investigated how idelalisib suppresses colon cancer cells growth and potentiates effects of other chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, we found that idelalisib treatment induces PUMA in colon cancer cells irrespective of p53 status through the p65 pathway following AKT inhibition and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activation. PUMA is necessary for idelalisib-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Idelalisib also synergized with 5-FU or regorafenib to induce marked apoptosis via PUMA in colon cancer cells. Furthermore, PUMA deficiency suppressed apoptosis and antitumor effect of idelalisib in xenograft model. These results demonstrate a critical role of PUMA in mediating the anticancer effects of idelalisib in colon cancer cells and suggest that PUMA induction can be used as an indicator of idelalisib sensitivity, and also have important implications for it clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shida Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhicheng Yao
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
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25
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EZH2-mediated Puma gene repression regulates non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation and cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:56338-56354. [PMID: 27472460 PMCID: PMC5302918 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are highly conserved epigenetic effectors that maintain the silenced state of genes. EZH2 is the catalytic core and one of the most important components of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and primary lung tumors, we found that PRC2 components, including EZH2, are overexpressed. High levels of EZH2 protein were associated with worse overall survival rate in NSCLC patients. RNA interference mediated attenuation of EZH2 expression blunted the malignant phenotype in this setting, exerting inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and tumor development in a xenograft mouse model. Unexpectedly, we discovered that, in the suppression of EZH2, p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) expression was concomitantly induced. This is achieved through EZH2 directly binds to the Puma promoter thus epigenetic repression of PUMA expression. Furthermore, cisplatin-induced apoptosis of EZH2-knocking down NSCLC cells was elevated as a consequence of increased PUMA expression. Our work reveals a novel epigenetic regulatory mechanism controlling PUMA expression and suggests that EZH2 offers a candidate molecular target for NSCLC therapy and EZH2-regulated PUMA induction would synergistically increase the sensitivity to platinum agents in non-small cell lung cancers.
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26
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Tong J, Wang P, Tan S, Chen D, Nikolovska-Coleska Z, Zou F, Yu J, Zhang L. Mcl-1 Degradation Is Required for Targeted Therapeutics to Eradicate Colon Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2512-2521. [PMID: 28202514 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The Bcl-2 family protein Mcl-1 is often degraded in cancer cells subjected to effective therapeutic treatment, and defective Mcl-1 degradation has been associated with intrinsic and acquired drug resistance. However, a causal relationship between Mcl-1 degradation and anticancer drug responses has not been directly established, especially in solid tumor cells where Mcl-1 inhibition alone is insufficient to trigger cell death. In this study, we present evidence that Mcl-1 participates directly in determining effective therapeutic responses in colon cancer cells. In this setting, Mcl-1 degradation was induced by a variety of multikinase inhibitor drugs, where it relied upon GSK3β phosphorylation and FBW7-dependent ubiquitination. Specific blockade by genetic knock-in (KI) abolished apoptotic responses and conferred resistance to kinase inhibitors. Mcl-1-KI also suppressed the antiangiogenic and anti-hypoxic effects of kinase inhibitors in the tumor microenvironment. Interestingly, these same inhibitors also induced the BH3-only Bcl-2 family protein PUMA, which is required for apoptosis. Degradation-resistant Mcl-1 bound and sequestered PUMA from other prosurvival proteins to maintain cell survival, which was abolished by small-molecule Mcl-1 inhibitors. Our findings establish a pivotal role for Mcl-1 degradation in the response of colon cancer cells to targeted therapeutics, and they provide a useful rational platform to develop Mcl-1-targeting agents that can overcome drug resistance. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2512-21. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshan Tong
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Peng Wang
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shuai Tan
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Dongshi Chen
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Fangdong Zou
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yu
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lin Zhang
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. .,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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27
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Human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells exhibit intrinsic anti-tumor properties on human epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37019. [PMID: 27845405 PMCID: PMC5109482 DOI: 10.1038/srep37019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal tumor of all gynecologic tumors. There is no curative therapy for EOC thus far. The tumor-homing ability of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide the promising potential to use them as vehicles to transport therapeutic agents to the site of tumor. Meanwhile, studies have showed the intrinsic anti-tumor properties of MSCs against various kinds of cancer, including epithelial ovarian cancer. Human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnSCs) derived from menstrual blood are a novel source for adult MSCs and exert restorative function in some diseases. Whether EnSCs endow innate anti-tumor properties on EOC cells has never been reported. By using tumor-bearing animal model and ex vivo experiments, we found that EnSCs attenuated tumor growth by inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis, disturbing mitochondria membrane potential and decreasing pro-angiogenic ability in EOC cells in vitro and/or in vivo. Furthermore, EnSCs decreased AKT phosphorylation and promoted nuclear translocation of Forkhead box O-3a (FoxO3a) in EOC cells. Collectively, our findings elucidated the potential intrinsic anti-tumor properties of EnSCs on EOC cells in vivo and in vitro. This research provides a potential strategy for EnSC-based anti-cancer therapy against epithelial ovarian cancer.
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28
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Abstract
p53 plays a key role in regulating DNA damage response by suppressing cell cycle progression or inducing apoptosis depending on extent of DNA damage. However, it is not clear why mild genotoxic stress favors growth arrest, whereas excessive lesions signal cells to die. Here we showed that TAp73, a p53 homologue thought to have a similar function as p53, restrains the transcriptional activity of p53 and prevents excessive activation of its downstream targets upon low levels of DNA damage, which results in cell cycle arrest. Extensive DNA damage triggers TAp73 depletion through ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated degradation of E2F1, leading to enhanced transcriptional activation by p53 and subsequent induction of apoptosis. These findings provide novel insights into the regulation of p53 function and suggest that TAp73 keeps p53 activity in check in regulating cell fate decisions upon genotoxic stress.
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29
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Brown MF, Leibowitz BJ, Chen D, He K, Zou F, Sobol RW, Beer-Stolz D, Zhang L, Yu J. Loss of caspase-3 sensitizes colon cancer cells to genotoxic stress via RIP1-dependent necrosis. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1729. [PMID: 25906152 PMCID: PMC4650537 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Caspase-3 is the best known executioner caspase in apoptosis. We generated caspase-3 knockout (C3KO) and knockdown human colorectal cancer cells, and found that they are unexpectedly sensitized to DNA-damaging agents including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), etoposide, and camptothecin. C3KO xenograft tumors also displayed enhanced therapeutic response and cell death to 5-FU. C3KO cells showed intact apoptosis and activation of caspase-7 and -9, impaired processing of caspase-8, and induction of necrosis in response to DNA-damaging agents. This form of necrosis is associated with HMGB1 release and ROS production, and suppressed by genetic or pharmacological inhibition of RIP1, MLKL1, or caspase-8, but not inhibitors of pan-caspases or RIP3. 5-FU treatment led to the formation of a z-VAD-resistant pro-caspase-8/RIP1/FADD complex, which was strongly stabilized by caspase-3 KO. These data demonstrate a key role of caspase-3 in caspase-8 processing and suppression of DNA damage-induced necrosis, and provide a potentially novel way to chemosensitize cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Brown
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B J Leibowitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D Chen
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - K He
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - F Zou
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R W Sobol
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D Beer-Stolz
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L Zhang
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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30
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Zhang YX, Liu XM, Wang J, Li J, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yu XW, Wei N. Inhibition of AKT/FoxO3a signaling induced PUMA expression in response to p53-independent cytotoxic effects of H1: A derivative of tetrandrine. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:965-75. [PMID: 25893985 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1040950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PUMA (p53 unregulated modulator of apoptosis), a BH3-only Bcl-2 family member, can be induced by p53-dependent and p53-independent manners. It plays an important role as regulator of cellular apoptosis. Herein, we evaluate the effects of H1 (a derivative of tetrandrine) on induction of PUMA and underlie its potential mechanism in p53-independent cytotoxic response. Anti-proliferative activity and evidently cytotoxic activity of H1 were observed in wild-type and p53 null cells. Further studies demonstrated that H1 resulted in an increase of cleaved PARP, decease of survivin and elevation of p-H2AX. What is more, H1 significantly induced PUMA expression in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and caused an increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in p53 null cells. Of note, knockdown of PUMA attenuated cytotoxic activity of H1. Further studies demonstrated that inhibition of AKT/FoxO3a signaling contributed to H1-mediated PUMA induction. Targeted suppression of AKT/FoxO3a signaling by siRNA could overcome H1-mediated PUMA induction. In addition, H1 significantly suppressed NF-κB activity and caused an increase of early apoptotic and late apoptotic cells, and elevated caspase-3 activity. Taken together, we found that inhibition of AKT/FoxO3a signaling may contribute to H1-mediated PUMA induction, suggesting that inhibition of AKT/FoxO3a signaling result in PUMA expression in response to p53-independent cytotoxic effects of H1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Xu Zhang
- a Liaoning Medical University; Jinzhou , PR China
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31
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He K, Zheng X, Li M, Zhang L, Yu J. mTOR inhibitors induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells via CHOP-dependent DR5 induction on 4E-BP1 dephosphorylation. Oncogene 2015; 35:148-57. [PMID: 25867072 PMCID: PMC4603992 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is commonly activated in colon cancer. mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) is a major downstream target of the PI3K/ATK pathway and activates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. Rapamycin analogs Everolimus and Temsirolimus are non-ATP-competitive mTORC1 inhibitors, and suppress proliferation and tumor angiogenesis and invasion. We now show that apoptosis plays a key role in their anti-tumor activities in colon cancer cells and xenografts through the DR5, FADD and caspase-8 axis, and is strongly enhanced by TRAIL and 5-fluorouracil. The induction of DR5 by rapalogs is mediated by the ER stress regulator and transcription factor CHOP, but not the tumor suppressor p53, upon rapid and sustained inhibition of 4E-BP1 phosphorylation, and attenuated by eIF4E expression. ATP-competitive mTOR/PI3K inhibitors also promote DR5 induction and FADD-dependent apoptosis in colon cancer cells. These results establish activation of ER stress and the death receptor pathway as a novel anticancer mechanism of mTOR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K He
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - X Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L Zhang
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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32
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Liu ZQ, Shen M, Wu WJ, Li BJ, Weng QN, Li M, Liu HL. Expression of PUMA in Follicular Granulosa Cells Regulated by FoxO1 Activation During Oxidative Stress. Reprod Sci 2014; 22:696-705. [PMID: 25425107 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114556483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress-induced apoptosis is a main cause of follicular atresia. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis is regulated by a variety of signaling pathways involving numerous genes and transcription factors. In this study, we found expression of the p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), a BH3-only Bcl-2 subfamily protein, in ovarian GCs during oxidative stress. By overexpression and knockdown of Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1), we found that FoxO1 regulates PUMA at the protein level. Moreover, as c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) has been shown to activate FoxO1 by promoting its nuclear import, we used a JNK inhibitor to reduce FoxO1 activation and detected decreased PUMA messenger RNA expression and protein levels during oxidative stress. In addition, in vivo oxidative stress-induced upregulation of PUMA was found following injection of 3 nitropropionic acid in mice. In conclusion, oxidative stress increases PUMA expression regulated by FoxO1 in follicular GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Qun Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ming Shen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wang-Jun Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Bo-Jiang Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Qian-Nan Weng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Hong-Lin Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
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33
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Nie C, Luo Y, Zhao X, Luo N, Tong A, Liu X, Yuan Z, Wang C, Wei Y. Caspase-9 mediates Puma activation in UCN-01-induced apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1495. [PMID: 25356864 PMCID: PMC4649536 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The protein kinase inhibitor 7-hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01) is one of the most potent and frequently used proapoptotic stimuli. The BH3-only molecule of Bcl-2 family proteins has been reported to contribute to UCN-01-induced apoptosis. Here we have found that UCN-01 triggers Puma-induced mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Our data confirmed that Akt-FoxO3a pathway mediated Puma activation. Importantly, we elucidate the detailed mechanisms of Puma-induced apoptosis. Our data have also demonstrated that caspase-9 is a decisive molecule of Puma induction after UCN-01 treatment. Caspase-9 mediates apoptosis through two kinds of feedback loops. On the one hand, caspase-9 enhances Puma activation by cleaving Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL independent of caspase-3. On the other hand, caspase-9 directly activated caspase-3 in the presence of caspase-3. Caspase-3 could cleave XIAP in an another positive feedback loop to further sensitize cancer cells to UCN-01-induced apoptosis. Therefore, caspase-9 mediates Puma activation to determine the threshold for overcoming chemoresistance in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nie
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and College of Life Science, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and College of Life Science, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and College of Life Science, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - N Luo
- Nankai University School of Medicine/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - A Tong
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and College of Life Science, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - X Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and College of Life Science, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and College of Life Science, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - C Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and College of Life Science, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and College of Life Science, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
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34
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Elkholi R, Renault TT, Serasinghe MN, Chipuk JE. Putting the pieces together: How is the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis regulated in cancer and chemotherapy? Cancer Metab 2014; 2:16. [PMID: 25621172 PMCID: PMC4304082 DOI: 10.1186/2049-3002-2-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to solve a jigsaw puzzle, one must first have the complete picture to logically connect the pieces. However, in cancer biology, we are still gaining an understanding of all the signaling pathways that promote tumorigenesis and how these pathways can be pharmacologically manipulated by conventional and targeted therapies. Despite not having complete knowledge of the mechanisms that cause cancer, the signaling networks responsible for cancer are becoming clearer, and this information is serving as a solid foundation for the development of rationally designed therapies. One goal of chemotherapy is to induce cancer cell death through the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Within this review, we present the pathways that govern the cellular decision to undergo apoptosis as three distinct, yet connected puzzle pieces: (1) How do oncogene and tumor suppressor pathways regulate apoptosis upstream of mitochondria? (2) How does the B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) family influence tumorigenesis and chemotherapeutic responses? (3) How is post-mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) regulation of cell death relevant in cancer? When these pieces are united, it is possible to appreciate how cancer signaling directly impacts upon the fundamental cellular mechanisms of apoptosis and potentially reveals novel pharmacological targets within these pathways that may enhance chemotherapeutic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Elkholi
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Thibaud T Renault
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Madhavika N Serasinghe
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jerry E Chipuk
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA
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35
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Trendowski M. Exploiting the cytoskeletal filaments of neoplastic cells to potentiate a novel therapeutic approach. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:599-616. [PMID: 25286320 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although cytoskeletal-directed agents have been a mainstay in chemotherapeutic protocols due to their ability to readily interfere with the rapid mitotic progression of neoplastic cells, they are all microtubule-based drugs, and there has yet to be any microfilament- or intermediate filament-directed agents approved for clinical use. There are many inherent differences between the cytoskeletal networks of malignant and normal cells, providing an ideal target to attain preferential damage. Further, numerous microfilament-directed agents, and an intermediate filament-directed agent of particular interest (withaferin A) have demonstrated in vitro and in vivo efficacy, suggesting that cytoskeletal filaments may be exploited to supplement chemotherapeutic approaches currently used in the clinical setting. Therefore, this review is intended to expose academics and clinicians to the tremendous variety of cytoskeletal filament-directed agents that are currently available for further chemotherapeutic evaluation. The mechanisms by which microfilament directed- and intermediate filament-directed agents damage malignant cells are discussed in detail in order to establish how the drugs can be used in combination with each other, or with currently approved chemotherapeutic agents to generate a substantial synergistic attack, potentially establishing a new paradigm of chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Trendowski
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
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36
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Chen D, Wei L, Yu J, Zhang L. Regorafenib inhibits colorectal tumor growth through PUMA-mediated apoptosis. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:3472-84. [PMID: 24763611 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-2944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Regorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor targeting the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, has recently been approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms of action of regorafenib in colorectal cancer cells have been unclear. We investigated how regorafenib suppresses colorectal cancer cell growth and potentiates effects of other chemotherapeutic drugs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We determined whether and how regorafenib induces the expression of PUMA, a p53 target and a critical mediator of apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. We also investigated whether PUMA is necessary for the killing and chemosensitization effects of regorafenib in colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, xenograft tumors were used to test if PUMA mediates the in vivo antitumor, antiangiogenic, and chemosensitization effects of regorafenib. RESULTS We found that regorafenib treatment induces PUMA in colorectal cancer cells irrespective of p53 status through the NF-κB pathway following ERK inhibition and glycogen synthase kinase 3β activation. Upregulation of PUMA is correlated with apoptosis induction in different colorectal cancer cell lines. PUMA is necessary for regorafenib-induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Chemosensitization by regorafenib is mediated by enhanced PUMA induction through different pathways. Furthermore, deficiency in PUMA abrogates the in vivo antitumor, antiangiogenic, and chemosensitization effects of regorafenib. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a key role of PUMA in mediating the anticancer effects of regorafenib in colorectal cancer cells. They suggest that PUMA induction can be used as an indicator of regorafenib sensitivity, and also provide a rationale for manipulating the apoptotic machinery to improve the therapeutic efficacy of regorafenib and other targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshi Chen
- Authors' Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Departments of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and
| | - Liang Wei
- Authors' Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Departments of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jian Yu
- Authors' Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Departments of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lin Zhang
- Authors' Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Departments of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and
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Sun J, Knickelbein K, He K, Chen D, Dudgeon C, Shu Y, Yu J, Zhang L. Aurora kinase inhibition induces PUMA via NF-κB to kill colon cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:1298-308. [PMID: 24563542 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aurora kinases play a key role in mitosis and are frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumor cells. Inhibition of aurora kinases results in mitotic arrest and death of cancer cells, and has been explored as an anticancer strategy. However, how aurora inhibition kills cancer cells is poorly understood. In this study, we found that inhibition of aurora kinases by siRNA or small-molecule inhibitors led to induction of p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), a BH3-only Bcl-2 family protein, in colorectal cancer cells irrespective of p53 status. Deficiency in PUMA increased polyploidy, improved cell survival, and abrogated mitochondria-mediated apoptosis induced by aurora kinase inhibitors. In response to aurora kinase inhibition, PUMA was directly activated by p65 through the canonical NF-κB pathway following AKT inhibition. Furthermore, PUMA was necessary for the chemosensitization and in vivo antitumor effects of aurora kinase inhibitors in colon cancer cells. These results suggest that PUMA induction mediates the apoptotic response to mitotic arrest imposed by aurora kinase inhibition, and may be a useful indicator for the anticancer activity of aurora kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Authors' Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Departments of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
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38
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Lv Y, Song S, Zhang K, Gao H, Ma R. CHIP regulates AKT/FoxO/Bim signaling in MCF7 and MCF10A cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83312. [PMID: 24376685 PMCID: PMC3869759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have shown that apoptosis resistance can be observed in multiple human tumors; however the detailed mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that the abnormal overexpression of the C terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) induced apoptosis resistance by regulating the AKT/FoxO/Bim signaling pathway in the breast cancer cell MCF7 and the human non-tumorigenic cell MCF10A. We found that CHIP overexpression in MCF7 and MCF10A cells activated AKT and inhibited the Forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors FoxO1, FoxO3, and FoxO4, thereby inhibiting transcription of the target genes bim and pten. Inhibition of PI3K by a chemical reagent revealed that these events may be critical for CHIP-induced apoptosis resistance. We also determined that inhibition of FoxO3 by CHIP led to the decrease in PTEN and further activated the AKT survival pathway. We corroborated our findings in breast cancer tissues. In general, the CHIP-modulated AKT/FoxO/Bim signaling pathway was shown to induce apoptosis resistance by decreasing the protein level of the tumor suppressor PTEN in both transcriptional and post-translational regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery, QiLu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Song
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, QiLu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haidong Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, QiLu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail: (HG); (RM)
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, QiLu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail: (HG); (RM)
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Zhang L, Yu J. Role of apoptosis in colon cancer biology, therapy, and prevention. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2013; 9:10.1007/s11888-013-0188-z. [PMID: 24273467 PMCID: PMC3836193 DOI: 10.1007/s11888-013-0188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of apoptosis is a hallmark of human cancer and contributes to therapeutic resistance. Recent advances in cancer genomics reveal a myriad of alterations in key pathways that directly or indirectly increase tumor cell survival. This review will outline the pathways of apoptosis in mammalian cells, and highlight the common alterations of apoptosis regulators found in colon cancer, the role of apoptosis and underlying mechanisms in colon cancer treatment and prevention, including recent advances on investigational agents, such as kinase inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors, HSP90 inhibitors, BH3 mimetics, TRAIL, and IAP antagonists. Topics will also include novel concepts, as well as opportunities and challenges for drug discovery and combination therapy by exploring cancer-specific genetic defects, and therefore selective induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. Although the emphasis is on colon cancer, the main theme and many of the aspects are applicable to other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Pittsburgh, PA, 15213
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213
| | - Jian Yu
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Pittsburgh, PA, 15213
- Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213
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40
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Charitou P, Burgering BMT. Forkhead box(O) in control of reactive oxygen species and genomic stability to ensure healthy lifespan. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:1400-19. [PMID: 22978495 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Transcription factors of the Forkhead box O class (FOXOs) are associated with lifespan and play a role in age-related diseases. FOXOs, therefore, serve as a paradigm for developing an understanding as to how age-related diseases, such as cancer and diabetes interconnect with lifespan. Understanding the regulatory inputs on FOXO may reveal how changes in these regulatory signaling pathways affect disease and lifespan. RECENT ADVANCES Numerous regulators of FOXO have now been described and a clear and evolutionary conserved role has emerged for phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B (also known as c-Akt or AKT) signaling and c-jun N-terminal kinase signaling. Analysis of FOXO function in the context of these signaling pathways has shown the importance of FOXO-mediated transcriptional regulation on cell cycle progression and other cell fates, such as cell metabolism, stress resistance, and apoptosis in mediating disease and lifespan. CRITICAL ISSUES Persistent DNA damage is also tightly linked to disease and aging; yet, data on a possible link between DNA damage and FOXO have been limited. Here, we discuss possible connections between FOXO and the DNA damage response in the context of the broader role of connecting lifespan and disease. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Understanding the role of lifespan in diseases onset may provide unique and generic possibilities to intervene in disease processes to ensure a healthy lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Charitou
- Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, The Netherlands
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41
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Antonopoulos C, El Sanadi C, Kaiser WJ, Mocarski ES, Dubyak GR. Proapoptotic chemotherapeutic drugs induce noncanonical processing and release of IL-1β via caspase-8 in dendritic cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:4789-803. [PMID: 24078693 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The identification of noncanonical (caspase-1-independent) pathways for IL-1β production has unveiled an intricate interplay between inflammatory and death-inducing signaling platforms. We found a heretofore unappreciated role for caspase-8 as a major pathway for IL-1β processing and release in murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) costimulated with TLR4 agonists and proapoptotic chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin (Dox) or staurosporine (STS). The ability of Dox to stimulate release of mature (17-kDa) IL-1β was nearly equivalent in wild-type (WT) BMDC, Casp1(-/-)Casp11(-/-) BMDC, WT BMDC treated with the caspase-1 inhibitor YVAD, and BMDC lacking the inflammasome regulators ASC, NLRP3, or NLRC4. Notably, Dox-induced production of mature IL-1β was temporally correlated with caspase-8 activation in WT cells and greatly suppressed in Casp8(-/-)Rip3(-/-) or Trif(-/-) BMDC, as well as in WT BMDC treated with the caspase-8 inhibitor, IETD. Similarly, STS stimulated robust IL-1β processing and release in Casp1(-/-)Casp11(-/-) BMDC that was IETD sensitive. These data suggest that TLR4 induces assembly of caspase-8-based signaling complexes that become licensed as IL-1β-converting enzymes in response to Dox and STS. The responses were temporally correlated with downregulation of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1, suggesting suppressive roles for this and likely other inhibitor of apoptosis proteins on the stability and/or proteolytic activity of the caspase-8 platforms. Thus, proapoptotic chemotherapeutic agents stimulate the caspase-8-mediated processing and release of IL-1β, implicating direct effects of such drugs on a noncanonical inflammatory cascade that may modulate immune responses in tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Antonopoulos
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
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Abstract
Sézary syndrome (SS) is an incurable leukemic variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by recurrent chromosomal alterations, among which, chromosome 10q deletion is very frequent. In this study, we investigated the PTEN status, on locus 10q23, in 44 SS patients; our findings show that PTEN is deleted in 36% of SS cases, whereas PTEN downregulation is observed in almost all of the samples evaluated by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis. Neither DNA sequence mutation nor promoter hypermethylation were found at the PTEN locus, but we demonstrate that PTEN level can be also reduced by a group of miRs previously found upregulated and of prognostic relevance in SS; particularly, miR-21, miR-106b, and miR-486 were able to control PTEN abundance either in vitro or in vivo. Finally, because reduced PTEN activates the PI3/AKT-mediated pathway of cell growth and survival, we demonstrate that PTEN deficiency is associated with activated AKT in skin resident but not circulating SS cells, suggesting that the cutaneous milieu may strongly contribute to the SS cell growth. To our knowledge, this is the first study fully exploring the PTEN status in a large cohort of SS patients, unveiling potential elements of clinical utility in this malignancy.
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43
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He K, Zheng X, Zhang L, Yu J. Hsp90 inhibitors promote p53-dependent apoptosis through PUMA and Bax. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:2559-68. [PMID: 23966620 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hsp90 is widely overexpressed in cancer cells and believed to be essential for the maintenance of malignant phenotypes. Targeting Hsp90 by small molecules has shown promise in solid and hematologic malignancies, which likely involves degradation of client oncoproteins in a cell-type-specific manner. In this study, we found that structurally unrelated Hsp90 inhibitors induce DNA damage and apoptosis via p53-dependent induction of PUMA, which indirectly triggers Bax activation and mitochondrial dysfunction in colon cancer cells. Deficiency in PUMA, BAX, or p53, at lesser extent, abrogated 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG)-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, and enhanced clonogenic cell survival. Furthermore, suppression of p53-dependent p21 induction or enhanced p53 activation synergized with 17-AAG to induce PUMA-dependent apoptosis. Finally, PUMA was found to mediate apoptotic and therapeutic responses to the 17-AAG analog 17-DMAG in xenografts. These results show an important role of the p53/PUMA/Bax axis in Hsp90 inhibitor-induced killing of p53 wild-type cells, and have important implications for their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan He
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Xingnan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Marzo I, Naval J. Antimitotic drugs in cancer chemotherapy: promises and pitfalls. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:703-10. [PMID: 23886991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells usually display higher proliferation rates than normal cells. Some currently used antitumor drugs, such as vinca alkaloids and taxanes, act by targeting microtubules and inhibiting mitosis. In the last years, different mitotic regulators have been proposed as drug target candidates for antitumor therapies. In particular, inhibitors of Cdks, Chks, Aurora kinase and Polo-like kinase have been synthesized and evaluated in vitro and in animal models and some of them have reached clinical trials. However, to date, none of these inhibitors has been still approved for use in chemotherapy regimes. We will discuss here the most recent preclinical information on those new antimitotic drugs, as well as the possible molecular bases underlying their lack of clinical efficiency. Also, advances in the identification of other mitosis-related targets will be also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Marzo
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain.
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45
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Shen H, Perez RE, Davaadelger B, Maki CG. Two 4N cell-cycle arrests contribute to cisplatin-resistance. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59848. [PMID: 23560058 PMCID: PMC3613405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a platinum-based drug that is used for the treatment of a wide-variety of primary human cancers. However, the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin is often limited by intrinsic or acquired drug resistance. An important goal, therefore, is to identify mechanisms that lead to cisplatin resistance in cancer, and then use this information to more effectively target resistant cells. Cisplatin-resistant clones of the HCT116 cell line underwent a prolonged G2 arrest after cisplatin treatment while sensitive clones did not. The staurosporine analog UCN-01 abrogated this G2 arrest and sensitized the resistant clones to cisplatin. At later time points, 4N arrested cells assumed a tetraploid G1 state that was characterized by depletion of Cyclin A, Cyclin B, and CDC2, and increased expression of p53 and p21, in 4N cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of p21 abrogated the tetraploid G1 arrest and induced killing that was dependent on p53. The results identify two targetable 4N arrests that can contribute to cisplatin resistance: First, a prolonged G2 arrest that can be targeted by UCN-01, and second, a tetraploid G1 arrest that can be targeted by siRNA against p21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Shen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ricardo E. Perez
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Batzaya Davaadelger
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Carl G. Maki
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zheng X, He K, Zhang L, Yu J. Crizotinib induces PUMA-dependent apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:777-86. [PMID: 23427294 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic alterations in MET or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) have been identified in a variety of human cancers. Crizotinib (PF02341066) is a dual MET and ALK inhibitor and approved for the treatment of a subset of non-small cell lung carcinoma and in clinical development for other malignancies. Crizotinib can induce apoptosis in cancer cells, whereas the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we found that crizotinib induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells through the BH3-only protein PUMA. In cells with wild-type p53, crizotinib induces rapid induction of PUMA and Bim accompanied by p53 stabilization and DNA damage response. The induction of PUMA and Bim is mediated largely by p53, and deficiency in PUMA or p53, but not Bim, blocks crizotinib-induced apoptosis. Interestingly, MET knockdown led to selective induction of PUMA, but not Bim or p53. Crizotinib also induced PUMA-dependent apoptosis in p53-deficient colon cancer cells and synergized with gefitinib or sorafenib to induce marked apoptosis via PUMA in colon cancer cells. Furthermore, PUMA deficiency suppressed apoptosis and therapeutic responses to crizotinib in xenograft models. These results establish a critical role of PUMA in mediating apoptotic responses of colon cancer cells to crizotinib and suggest that mechanisms of oncogenic addiction to MET/ALK-mediated survival may be cell type-specific. These findings have important implications for future clinical development of crizotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingnan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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PTEN-regulated AKT/FoxO3a/Bim signaling contributes to reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis in selenite-treated colorectal cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e481. [PMID: 23392169 PMCID: PMC3734838 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence shows that selenium possesses chemotherapeutic potential against tumor cells, including leukemia, prostate cancer and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. However, the detailed mechanism by which sodium selenite specifically kills tumor cells remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that supranutritional doses of selenite-induced apoptosis in CRC cells through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent modulation of the PI3K/AKT/FoxO3a signaling pathway. First, we found that selenite treatment in HCT116 and SW480 CRC cells caused inhibition of AKT and the nuclear accumulation of FoxO3a by western blot and immunofluorescence analyses, respectively, thereby facilitating transcription of the target genes bim and PTEN. Modulation of the AKT/FoxO3a/Bim signaling pathway by chemical inhibitors or RNA interference revealed that these events were critical for selenite-induced apoptosis in CRC cells. Additionally, we discovered that FoxO3a-mediated upregulation of PTEN exerted a further inhibitory effect on the AKT survival pathway. We also corroborated our findings in vivo by performing immunohistochemistry experiments. In summary, our results show that selenite could induce ROS-dependent FoxO3a-mediated apoptosis in CRC cells and xenograft tumors through PTEN-mediated inhibition of the PI3K/AKT survival axis. These results help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying selenite-induced cell death in tumor cells and provide a theoretical basis for translational applications of selenium.
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48
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Wang H, Duan X, Ren Y, Liu Y, Huang M, Liu P, Wang R, Gao G, Zhou L, Feng Z, Zheng W. FoxO3a Negatively Regulates Nerve Growth Factor-Induced Neuronal Differentiation Through Inhibiting the Expression of Neurochondrin in PC12 Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2012; 47:24-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-012-8357-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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PUMA, a critical mediator of cell death--one decade on from its discovery. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2012; 17:646-69. [PMID: 23001513 PMCID: PMC6275950 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-012-0032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PUMA (p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis) is a pro-apoptotic member of the BH3-only subgroup of the Bcl-2 family. It is a key mediator of p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptosis and was identified 10 years ago. The PUMA gene is mapped to the long arm of chromosome 19, a region that is frequently deleted in a large number of human cancers. PUMA mediates apoptosis thanks to its ability to directly bind known anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family. It mainly localizes to the mitochondria. The binding of PUMA to the inhibitory members of the Bcl-2 family (Bcl-2-like proteins) via its BH3 domain seems to be a critical regulatory step in the induction of apoptosis. It results in the displacement of the proteins Bax and/or Bak. This is followed by their activation and the formation of pore-like structures on the mitochondrial membrane, which permeabilizes the outer mitochondrial membrane, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation. PUMA is involved in a large number of physiological and pathological processes, including the immune response, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and bacterial and viral infections.
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Kim YM, Jeong IH, Pyo H. Celecoxib Enhances the Radiosensitizing Effect of 7-Hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01) in Human Lung Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012; 83:e399-407. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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